The Muddy Mountains Wilderness Study Area (WSA 050-0229), Clark County, Nevada, has a high potential for mineral deposits of calcium borates and lithium. The known and potential mineral deposits are concentrated in the east-central and south-central parts of the study area (see map). Zeolites (in particular clinoptilolite) are present in some tuff beds throughout much of the study area, and this resource potential is probably moderate to high. Stream-sediment sampling suggests that the Muddy Mountains area has little potential for mineral deposits of metals (other than lithium). Clay minerals are mined at one locality in the (!rea (see map). Building stone and silica sand have moderate to low potential in some places. Oil and gas potential within the study area is low, but complete evaluation of its potential is not possible without drilling.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/mf1458C","usgsCitation":"Bohannon, R.G., Leszcykowski, A.M., Esparza, L.E., and Rumsey, C.M., 1982, Mineral resource potential map of the Muddy Mountains Wilderness Study Area, Clark County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1458, Report: 11 p.; Plate: 43.58 x 21.94 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1458C.","productDescription":"Report: 11 p.; Plate: 43.58 x 21.94 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":184761,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1458C.jpg"},{"id":310132,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1458-C/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":310133,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1458-C/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Clark County","otherGeospatial":"Muddy Mountains Wilderness Study Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.83333333333333,36.25 ], [ -114.83333333333333,36.333333333333336 ], [ -114.58333333333333,36.333333333333336 ], [ -114.58333333333333,36.25 ], [ -114.83333333333333,36.25 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6adec6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bohannon, Robert G. rbohannon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohannon","given":"Robert","email":"rbohannon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":260120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leszcykowski, Andrew M.","contributorId":78387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leszcykowski","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Esparza, Leon E.","contributorId":70112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esparza","given":"Leon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rumsey, Clayton M.","contributorId":50514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rumsey","given":"Clayton","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":35953,"text":"b1278F - 1982 - The role of clays in fixing lithium","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:32","indexId":"b1278F","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1278","chapter":"F","title":"The role of clays in fixing lithium","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/b1278F","usgsCitation":"Starkey, H., 1982, The role of clays in fixing lithium: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1278, iii, F1-F11 p. ;23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1278F.","productDescription":"iii, F1-F11 p. ;23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":167251,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1278f/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":63904,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1278f/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640e58","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Starkey, Harry C.","contributorId":102074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starkey","given":"Harry C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":215504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":7709,"text":"ofr821051 - 1982 - Effects of processed oil shale on the element content of Atriplex cancescens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:08","indexId":"ofr821051","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-1051","title":"Effects of processed oil shale on the element content of Atriplex cancescens","docAbstract":"Samples of four-wing saltbush were collected from the Colorado State University Intensive Oil Shale Revegetation Study Site test plots in the Piceance basin, Colorado. The test plots were constructed to evaluate the effects of processed oil shale geochemistry on plant growth using various thicknesses of soil cover over the processed shale and/or over a gravel barrier between the shale and soil. Generally, the thicker the soil cover, the less the influence of the shale geochemistry on the element concentrations in the plants. Concentrations of 20 elements were larger in the ash of four-wing saltbush growing on the plot with the gravel barrier (between the soil and processed shale) when compared to the sample from the control plot. A greater water content in the soil in this plot has been reported, and the interaction between the increased, percolating water and shale may have increased the availability of these elements for plant uptake. Concentrations of boron, copper, fluorine, lithium, molybdenum, selenium, silicon, and zinc were larger in the samples grown over processed shale, compared to those from the control plot, and concentrations for barium, calcium, lanthanum, niobium, phosphorus, and strontium were smaller. \r\n\r\nConcentrations for arsenic, boron, fluorine, molybdenum, and selenium-- considered to be potential toxic contaminants--were similar to results reported in the literature for vegetation from the test plots. The copper-to-molybdenum ratios in three of the four samples of four-wing saltbush growing over the processed shale were below the ratio of 2:1, which is judged detrimental to ruminants, particularly cattle. Boron concentrations averaged 140 ppm, well above the phytotoxicity level for most plant species. Arsenic, fluorine, and selenium concentrations were below toxic levels, and thus should not present any problem for revegetation or forage use at this time.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr821051","usgsCitation":"Anderson, B., 1982, Effects of processed oil shale on the element content of Atriplex cancescens: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-1051, 18 p., ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr821051.","productDescription":"18 p., ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141578,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1051/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":35173,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/1051/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cfe4b07f02db5460a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, B.M.","contributorId":69552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":7462,"text":"ofr82782 - 1982 - Progress report on lithium-related geologic investigations in Bolivia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:03","indexId":"ofr82782","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-782","title":"Progress report on lithium-related geologic investigations in Bolivia","docAbstract":"The September 1, 1981, Samoa Islands Region earthquake occurred at the extreme northern end of the Tonga arc in a region where the Pacific plate may be disjointed along a hinge fault. In the last 50 years, magnitude 7 or greater earthquakes have occurred in this region on the average of once every six years, but four 7+ events have now occurred within the last six years. The mainshock was preceded about two hours earlier by a foreshock that was used as a calibration event for the Joint Epicenter Determination relocation of the mainshock and nearby seismicity occurring within a period seven months prior to and one week after the mainshock. The foreshock, better-located events of the prior seismicity, and most aftershocks are concentrated in a group near the mainshock epicenter, but several more distant aftershocks suggest that the aftershock zone may have been as large as 125 km in length and trended about S35?E. Identification of depth phases from a full suite of broadband records gives source depths of 25-3km for the mainshock and 29.5?3 km for the foreshock using a JB earth model. \r\n\r\nSource parameters were determined for the mainshock utilizing WWSSN analog and GDSN digital data. The preferred fault plane solution based on P-wave first motion data is a south by southwesterly steeply dipping normal fault, remarkably similar to the mechanism reported by Johnson and Molnar (1972) for the nearby earthquake of April 20, 196B. A waveform inversion technique described by Sipkin (1982), when applied to long-period P waveforms, gives an 'average' point source solution for a purely deviatoric moment rate tensor at a preferred source depth of 22 km. Very similar results were obtained from long-period GDSN body-wave and mantle-wave data using a centroid-moment tensor inversion technique described in Dziewonski, and others (1981). Both techniques provide solutions very close to a double couple source with a south by southwesterly shallow-dipping normal fault mechanism. \r\n\r\nTo obtain the scalar mantle wave moment, GDSN vertical and transverse records 20,000 see in length were processed as described by Buland and Taggart (1981). Averaging all the data from Rayleigh and Love waves yields an estimate of 3.8 x 10^27 dyne-cm (as compared to about 1.9 x 10^27 from body-wave moment tensor inversions) or a moment magnitude (Mr) of 7.6. \r\n\r\nFor the portion of the waveform analysed (50-5B sec), the body-wave inversion performed by Sipkin gives a source time function of duration approximately 28 sec with two peaks in activity. Simultaneous analysis of short-period records, and broadband ground displacements and velocities, a method described by Harvey and Choy (1982) and Choy and Boatwright (1981) revealed a complex rupture consisting of two subevents, of about the same moment, separated in time by about 25 sec, and with durations of about 25 sec each. The two peaks in activity resolved by the body-wave moment tensor inversion correspond to the first of these subevents.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr82782","usgsCitation":"Davis, J., Howard, K.A., Rettig, S., Smith, R.L., Ericksen, G.E., Risacher, F., Alarcon, H., and Morales, R., 1982, Progress report on lithium-related geologic investigations in Bolivia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-782, 18 p., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr82782.","productDescription":"18 p., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140516,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0782/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34882,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1982/0782/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db688582","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, J.R.","contributorId":83907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Howard, K. A.","contributorId":48938,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Howard","given":"K.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rettig, S.L.","contributorId":42592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rettig","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, R. L.","contributorId":93904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":155725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ericksen, G. E.","contributorId":44538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ericksen","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Risacher, Francois","contributorId":74748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risacher","given":"Francois","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Alarcon, Hugo","contributorId":96678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alarcon","given":"Hugo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Morales, Ricardo","contributorId":10796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morales","given":"Ricardo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":128,"text":"wsp2194 - 1982 - Methods for collection and analysis of geopressured geothermal and oil field waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:10","indexId":"wsp2194","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2194","title":"Methods for collection and analysis of geopressured geothermal and oil field waters","docAbstract":"Present methods are described for the collection, preservation, and chemical analysis of waters produced from geopressured geothermal and petroleum wells. Detailed procedures for collection include precautions and equipment necessary to ensure that the sample is representative of the water produced. Procedures for sample preservation include filtration, acidification, dilution for silica, methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) extraction of aluminum, addition of potassium permanganate to preserve mercury, and precipitation of carbonate species as strontium carbonate for stable carbon isotopes and total dissolved carbonate analysis. Characteristics determined at the well site are sulfide, pH, ammonia, and conductivity. \r\n\r\nLaboratory procedures are given for the analysis of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, iron, manganese, zinc, lead, aluminum, .and mercury by atomic absorption and flame emission spectroscopy. Chloride is determined by silver nitrate titration and fluoride by ion-specific electrode. Bromide and iodide concentrations are determined by the hypochlorite oxidation method. Sulfate is analyzed by titration using barium chloride with thorin indicator after pretreatment with alumina. Boron and silica are determined colorimetrically by the carmine and molybdate-blue methods, respectively. Aliphatic acid anions (C2 through C5) are determined by gas chromatography after separation and concentration in a chloroform-butanol mixture.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ; Washington : U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2194","usgsCitation":"Lico, M.S., Kharaka, Y.K., Carothers, W.W., and Wright, V.A., 1982, Methods for collection and analysis of geopressured geothermal and oil field waters: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2194, iii, 21 p. : ill. ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2194.","productDescription":"iii, 21 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":136438,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2194/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":24739,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2194/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a174","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lico, Michael S.","contributorId":75897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lico","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":141982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kharaka, Yousif K. 0000-0001-9861-8260 ykharaka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9861-8260","contributorId":1928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kharaka","given":"Yousif","email":"ykharaka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":141980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carothers, William W.","contributorId":39757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carothers","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":141981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wright, Victoria A.","contributorId":107254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Victoria","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":141983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70188762,"text":"70188762 - 1982 - Analysis of barium and strontium in sediments by dc plasma emission spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-28T17:24:56.408028","indexId":"70188762","displayToPublicDate":"1982-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":847,"text":"Applied Spectroscopy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of barium and strontium in sediments by dc plasma emission spectrometry","docAbstract":"The dc plasma arc is suited to analysis of barium and strontium in a wide range of sedimentary rock matrices, from sands, shales, and carbonates, to ferromanganese nodules. Samples containing 10 ppm to more than 3000 ppm barium and strontium were studied. Both alkali (3500 ppm lithium borate, from a preliminary fusion) and lanthanum salts (1%) in the final solution are needed to achieve freedom from systematic effects due to extreme variation in matrix. In the absence of La, neither Li, Na, K, nor Cs totally eliminated effects of Al and other constituents on emission. Silica addition to the fusion helps achieve proper flux viscosity to aid removal of fused beads from graphite crucibles. The effect of refractory-substance formers such as aluminum with calcium can be reduced or removed by selection of a portion of the arc for emission measurement. However, it was decided not to pursue this approach because of loss in analytical sensitivity and need for greater precision in optical adjustment. Analysis of standard rock samples showed generally satisfactory agreement with precision methods of analysis, and some new standard rock data are reported.
","language":"English","publisher":"Sage Journals","doi":"10.1366/0003702824639709","usgsCitation":"Bowker, P.C., and Manheim, F., 1982, Analysis of barium and strontium in sediments by dc plasma emission spectrometry: Applied Spectroscopy, v. 3, no. 4, p. 378-382, https://doi.org/10.1366/0003702824639709.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"378","endPage":"382","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":342801,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1982-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"594cd740e4b062508e3951e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowker, P. C.","contributorId":57491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowker","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":699820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Manheim, F.T. 0000-0003-4005-4524","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4005-4524","contributorId":55421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manheim","given":"F.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":699821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70011444,"text":"70011444 - 1982 - Determination of lithium isotopes at natural abundance levels by atomic absorption spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-12T20:52:06","indexId":"70011444","displayToPublicDate":"1982-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1982","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of lithium isotopes at natural abundance levels by atomic absorption spectrometry","docAbstract":"The relationships of the absorption of 6Li and 7Li hollow cathode lamp emissions are used to determine lithium isotopic composition in the natural abundance range of geologic materials. Absorption was found to have a nonlinear dependence upon total lithium concentration and isotopic composition. A method using nonlinear equations to describe the relationship of the absorption of 6Li and 7Li lamp radiation is proposed as a means of calculating isotopic composition that is independent of total lithium concentration.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Analytical Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/ac00250a007","issn":"00032700","usgsCitation":"Meier, A.L., 1982, Determination of lithium isotopes at natural abundance levels by atomic absorption spectrometry: Analytical Chemistry, v. 54, no. 13, p. 2158-2161, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00250a007.","startPage":"2158","endPage":"2161","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221365,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269219,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00250a007"}],"volume":"54","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ffb2e4b0c8380cd4f33c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meier, A. 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R. Jr.","contributorId":8110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dooley","given":"J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":163302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":10604,"text":"ofr801164 - 1980 - Lithology and lithium content of sediments drilled in a test hole on Alkali Flat (Franklin Lake), Inyo County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:26","indexId":"ofr801164","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"80-1164","title":"Lithology and lithium content of sediments drilled in a test hole on Alkali Flat (Franklin Lake), Inyo County, California","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr801164","usgsCitation":"Pantea, M.P., 1980, Lithology and lithium content of sediments drilled in a test hole on Alkali Flat (Franklin Lake), Inyo County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 80-1164, 21 p. ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr801164.","productDescription":"21 p. ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":143049,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1164/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":38442,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1980/1164/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635c73","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pantea, Michael P. mpantea@usgs.gov","contributorId":1549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pantea","given":"Michael","email":"mpantea@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":161665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70043142,"text":"70043142 - 1979 - Relation of mercury, uranium, and lithium deposits to the McDermitt caldera complex, Nevada-Oregon","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":10949,"text":"ofr78926 - 1978 - Relation of Mercury, Uranium, and Lithium Deposits to the McDermitt Caldera Complex, Nevada-Oregon","indexId":"ofr78926","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"title":"Relation of Mercury, Uranium, and Lithium Deposits to the McDermitt Caldera Complex, Nevada-Oregon"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70043142,"text":"70043142 - 1979 - Relation of mercury, uranium, and lithium deposits to the McDermitt caldera complex, Nevada-Oregon","indexId":"70043142","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"Relation of mercury, uranium, and lithium deposits to the McDermitt caldera complex, Nevada-Oregon"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-05T15:49:40","indexId":"70043142","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3009,"text":"Papers on mineral deposits of western North America (Report 33)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relation of mercury, uranium, and lithium deposits to the McDermitt caldera complex, Nevada-Oregon","docAbstract":"The McDermitt caldera complex, located along the Nevada-Oregon border, is a Miocene collapse structure 45 km in diameter. Large-volume rhyolitic and peralkaline ash-flow tufts were erupted from 17.9-15.8 m.y. ago, leading to the formation of overlapping and nested calderas. Emplacement of rhyolitic ring domes, located primarily along the western margin of the calderas, represents the last phase of volcanic activity.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Papers on mineral deposits of western North America (Report 33)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology","publisherLocation":"Reno, NV","usgsCitation":"Rytuba, J.J., and Glanzman, R.K., 1979, Relation of mercury, uranium, and lithium deposits to the McDermitt caldera complex, Nevada-Oregon: Papers on mineral deposits of western North America (Report 33), p. 109-117.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"109","endPage":"117","costCenters":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":267057,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada;Oregon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.61,35.0 ], [ -124.61,46.29 ], [ -114.0,46.29 ], [ -114.0,35.0 ], [ -124.61,35.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5112384ae4b0ebe69d7eb73c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rytuba, James J. jrytuba@usgs.gov","contributorId":3043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rytuba","given":"James","email":"jrytuba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":473036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glanzman, Richard K.","contributorId":19550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glanzman","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":473037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":10406,"text":"ofr791089 - 1979 - Lithologic log, lithium content, and mineralogy of sediments penetrated in test boring drilled in Eureka Valley, Inyo County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-03T12:19:06","indexId":"ofr791089","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-1089","title":"Lithologic log, lithium content, and mineralogy of sediments penetrated in test boring drilled in Eureka Valley, Inyo County, California","docAbstract":"A test boring was drilled in a playa in Eureka Valley, Calif., by the U.S. Geological Survey in the spring of 1978. Work was done under the terms of a cooperative agreement between the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Land Management to evaluate the leasable mineral potential of various playas in the California Desert Planning area, as described in the environmental analysis (prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey, 1978). The purpose of this report is to describe the occurrence and distribution of lithium in the basin sediments as part of a program to identify additional domestic resources of nonpegmatite lithium (Vine, 1978). Interest in this playa stems from the fact that Eureka Valley is located in a region where other lithium resources have been identified. Lithium is recovered from subsurface brines at Clayton Valley, Nev., to the north and at Searles Lake, Calif., to the south. Eureka Valley is a closed topographic basin that has an arid climate, it thus provides suitable conditions for the entrapment of a brine and subsequent concentration of lithium by evaporation.
Development of new energy related uses for lithium in batteries for electric vehicle propulsion and for off-peak power storage by the utility industry (Chilenskas and others, 1977) may he aided by identification of a large domestic resource of lithium.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr791089","usgsCitation":"Morgan, J.D., 1979, Lithologic log, lithium content, and mineralogy of sediments penetrated in test boring drilled in Eureka Valley, Inyo County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-1089, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr791089.","productDescription":"13 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":355486,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1089/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":143837,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1089/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Inyo County","otherGeospatial":"Eureka Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -117.5,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -117.5,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 37\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a075","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morgan, James D.","contributorId":39377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":58995,"text":"mf1079 - 1979 - Geologic map of the lithium-bearing rocks in parts of the Frenchman Mountain and Henderson quadrangles, Clark County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:16","indexId":"mf1079","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1079","title":"Geologic map of the lithium-bearing rocks in parts of the Frenchman Mountain and Henderson quadrangles, Clark County, Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf1079","usgsCitation":"Brenner-Tourtelot, E., 1979, Geologic map of the lithium-bearing rocks in parts of the Frenchman Mountain and Henderson quadrangles, Clark County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1079, 1 map ;62 x 47 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1079.","productDescription":"1 map ;62 x 47 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":105462,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_6454.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"6454"},{"id":184271,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"0","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115,36.083333333333336 ], [ -115,36.166666666666664 ], [ -114.86749999999999,36.166666666666664 ], [ -114.86749999999999,36.083333333333336 ], [ -115,36.083333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db688a87","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brenner-Tourtelot, E. F.","contributorId":57151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brenner-Tourtelot","given":"E. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":7760,"text":"ofr791439 - 1979 - Lithology and lithium content of sediments drilled in a test hole on Red Lake, Hualapai Valley, Mohave County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:13","indexId":"ofr791439","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-1439","title":"Lithology and lithium content of sediments drilled in a test hole on Red Lake, Hualapai Valley, Mohave County, Arizona","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr791439","usgsCitation":"Asher-Bolinder, S., Vine, J.D., and Morgan, J.D., 1979, Lithology and lithium content of sediments drilled in a test hole on Red Lake, Hualapai Valley, Mohave County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-1439, i, 22 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr791439.","productDescription":"i, 22 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":142264,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1439/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":35235,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1439/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db635c7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asher-Bolinder, Sigrid","contributorId":57063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asher-Bolinder","given":"Sigrid","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vine, James David","contributorId":52147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vine","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morgan, James D.","contributorId":39377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":156552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":8040,"text":"ofr79839 - 1979 - The mineralogy and geochemistry of lithium in the Popotosa Formation, Socorro County, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:04","indexId":"ofr79839","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-839","title":"The mineralogy and geochemistry of lithium in the Popotosa Formation, Socorro County, New Mexico","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr79839","usgsCitation":"Brenner-Tourtelot, E.F., and Machette, M., 1979, The mineralogy and geochemistry of lithium in the Popotosa Formation, Socorro County, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-839, ii, 24 leaves :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79839.","productDescription":"ii, 24 leaves :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140553,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0839/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":35616,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0839/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a035","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brenner-Tourtelot, Elizabeth F.","contributorId":103672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brenner-Tourtelot","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Machette, Michael N.","contributorId":28963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Machette","given":"Michael N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":9147,"text":"ofr791668 - 1979 - Zeolite-clay mineral zonation of volcaniclastic sediments within the McDermitt caldera complex of Nevada and Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:18","indexId":"ofr791668","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-1668","title":"Zeolite-clay mineral zonation of volcaniclastic sediments within the McDermitt caldera complex of Nevada and Oregon","docAbstract":"Volcaniclastic sediments deposited in the moat of the collapsed McDermitt caldera complex have been altered chiefly to zeolites and potassium feldspar. The original rhyolitic and peralkaline ash-flow tuffs are included in conglomerates at the caldera rims and grade into a lacustrine series near the center of the collapse. The tuffs show a lateral zeolitic alteration from almost fresh glass to clinoptilolite, clinoptilolite-mordenite, and erionite; to analcime-potassium feldspar; and finally to potassium feldspar. Vertical zonation is in approximately the same order. Clay minerals in associated mudstones, on the other hand, show little lateral variation but a distinct vertical zonation, having a basal dioctahedral smectite, a medial trioctahedral smectite, and an upper dioctahedral smectite. The medial trioctahedral smectite is enriched in lithium (as much as 6,800 ppm Li). Hydrothermal alteration of the volcaniclastic sediments, forming both mercury and uranium deposits, caused a distinct zeolite and clay-mineral zonation within the general lateral zonation. The center of alteration is generally potassium feldspar, commonly associated with alunite. Potassium feldspar grades laterally and vertically to either clinoptilolite or clinoptilolite-mordenite, generally associated with gypsum. This zone then grades vertically and laterally into fresh glass. The clay minerals are a dioctahedral smectite, a mixed-layer clay mineral, and a 7-A clay mineral. The mixed-layer and 7-A clay minerals are associated with the potassium feldspar-alunite zone of alteration, and the dioctahedral smectite is associated with clinoptilolite. This mineralogical zonation may be an exploration guide for mercury and uranium mineralization in the caldera complex environment.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, 1979","doi":"10.3133/ofr791668","usgsCitation":"Glanzman, R.K., and Rytuba, J.J., 1979, Zeolite-clay mineral zonation of volcaniclastic sediments within the McDermitt caldera complex of Nevada and Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-1668, ii, 28 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr791668.","productDescription":"ii, 28 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":142930,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1668/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":36778,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/1668/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e477be4b07f02db47fb3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glanzman, Richard K.","contributorId":19550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glanzman","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rytuba, James J. jrytuba@usgs.gov","contributorId":3043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rytuba","given":"James","email":"jrytuba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":159182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":9146,"text":"ofr79279 - 1979 - Preliminary report on samples collected during lithium reconnaissance studies in Utah and Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:18","indexId":"ofr79279","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-279","title":"Preliminary report on samples collected during lithium reconnaissance studies in Utah and Idaho","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr79279","usgsCitation":"Glanzman, R.K., and Meier, A.L., 1979, Preliminary report on samples collected during lithium reconnaissance studies in Utah and Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-279, i, 52 leaves :maps (2 fold.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79279.","productDescription":"i, 52 leaves :maps (2 fold.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":142929,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0279/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":36775,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0279/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":36776,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0279/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":36777,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0279/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66ca6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glanzman, Richard K.","contributorId":19550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glanzman","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meier, Allen L.","contributorId":14384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":159180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":7291,"text":"ofr79397 - 1979 - Lithologic log and lithium content of sediments penetrated in a test boring drilled on Wilcox Playa, Cochise County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:57","indexId":"ofr79397","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"79-397","title":"Lithologic log and lithium content of sediments penetrated in a test boring drilled on Wilcox Playa, Cochise County, Arizona","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr79397","usgsCitation":"Vine, J.D., Asher-Bolinder, S., Morgan, J., and Higgins, B., 1979, Lithologic log and lithium content of sediments penetrated in a test boring drilled on Wilcox Playa, Cochise County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-397, 17 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr79397.","productDescription":"17 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140143,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0397/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":34664,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1979/0397/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a19e4b07f02db605bbd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vine, James David","contributorId":52147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vine","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Asher-Bolinder, Sigrid","contributorId":57063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asher-Bolinder","given":"Sigrid","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morgan, J.D.","contributorId":16406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Higgins, Brenda","contributorId":106106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higgins","given":"Brenda","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":155094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":6452,"text":"pp1061 - 1979 - Clay mineralogy of Pleistocene Lake Tecopa, Inyo County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:03","indexId":"pp1061","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1061","title":"Clay mineralogy of Pleistocene Lake Tecopa, Inyo County, California","docAbstract":"Pleistocene Lake Tecopa in southeastern Inyo County, Calif., was formed when the Amargosa River was blocked at the southern end of its valley. The lake acted as a settling basin for detrital material being transported by the river. This detritus consisted of clays, quartz, feldspars, and micas which became mudstones and siltstones. These mudstones and siltstones, much eroded and dissected after the draining of the lake, extend over the entire basin and are interbedded with tuffs formed by the intermittent deposition of volcanic ashfalls in the former lake waters. These lightcolored mudstones and siltstones are tough and well indurated and break with a conchoidal fracture. \r\n\r\nThe predominant clay mineral in these detrital beds is a lithiumbearing saponite, which is found not only in the lake beds but also in the area beyond the boundaries of the lake, especially in fluvial deposits in the drainage basin of the Amargosa River to the north. This saponite does not contain enough lithium to be classified as a hectorite, and we have observed no indications that this clay consists of a mixture of two phases, such as hectorite and a diluent. Some authigenic dioctahedral montmorillonite, found only in small quantities close to the tuffs, was formed by alteration of the volcanic glass of the tuffs and was then admixed with the overlying or underlying detrital clays. \r\n\r\nThe only authigenic clay-type mineral found in any significant quantity is sepiolite, found near the edges of the lake basin and stratigraphically located mainly within a meter of the two uppermost tuffs. This sepiolite probably was precipitated when silica became available to the magnesium-bearing lake water through dissolution of the volcanic ash. Precipitation of sepiolite probably did not occur within the tuffs owing to the presence of alumina in solution. Zeolites were produced there and sepiolite formed outside the margins of the tuffs. \r\n\r\nAlso formed by the high-pH lake waters were water-soluble minerals, which were found widely dispersed in crusts or streaks on the clays. Much of the calcite was likely precipitated from the lake waters, especially near the north end of the lake where calciumbearing fresh water came into contact with the C02-rich lake waters. \r\n\r\nMagadiite, a sodium silicate mineral reported only twice previously in the United States, was found in small quantities in the southern end of the basin. This mineral is indicative of a minimum pH of 8.5. \r\n\r\nThe authigenic minerals formed in the lake reflect the presence of silica-rich tuffs and the high-pH, alkaline character of the lake waters.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/pp1061","usgsCitation":"Starkey, H., and Blackmon, P.D., 1979, Clay mineralogy of Pleistocene Lake Tecopa, Inyo County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1061, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1061.","productDescription":"34 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124998,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1061/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":33870,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1061/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de273","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Starkey, Harry C.","contributorId":102074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starkey","given":"Harry C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blackmon, Paul D.","contributorId":56641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackmon","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":6381,"text":"pp1083 - 1979 - Environmental implications of element emissions from phosphate-processing operations in southeastern Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:42","indexId":"pp1083","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1083","title":"Environmental implications of element emissions from phosphate-processing operations in southeastern Idaho","docAbstract":"In order to assess the contribution to plants and soils of certain elements emitted by phosphate processing, we sampled sagebrush, grasses, and A- and C-horizon soils along upwind and downwind transects at Pocatello and Soda Springs, Idaho. Analyses for 70 elements in plants showed that, statistically, the concentration of 7 environmentally important elements, cadmium, chromium, fluorine, selenium, uranium, vanadium, and zinc, were related to emissions from phosphate-processing operations. Two additional elements, lithium and nickel, show probable relationships. The literature on the effects of these elements on plant and animal health is briefly surveyed. Relations between element content in plants and distance from the phosphate-processing operations were stronger at Soda Springs than at Pocatello and, in general, stronger in sagebrush than in the grasses. Analyses for 58 elements in soils showed that, statistically, beryllium, fluorine, iron, lead, lithium, potassium, rubidium, thorium, and zinc were related to emissions only at Pocatello and only in the A horizon. Moreover, six additional elements, copper, mercury, nickel, titanium, uranium, and vanadium, probably are similarly related along the same transect. The approximate amounts of elements added to the soils by the emissions are estimated. In C-horizon soils, no statistically significant relations were observed between element concentrations and distance from the processing sites. At Soda Springs, the nonuniformity of soils at the sampling locations may have obscured the relationship between soil-element content and emissions from phosphate processing.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,","doi":"10.3133/pp1083","usgsCitation":"Severson, R.C., and Gough, L.P., 1979, Environmental implications of element emissions from phosphate-processing operations in southeastern Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1083, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1083.","productDescription":"20 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":126692,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1083/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":33755,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1083/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699dbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Severson, R. C.","contributorId":46498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Severson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gough, L. P.","contributorId":64198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gough","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012439,"text":"70012439 - 1979 - Solubility of some alkali and alkaline earth chlorides in water at moderate temperatures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-07T16:47:47.170023","indexId":"70012439","displayToPublicDate":"1979-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2209,"text":"Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Solubility of some alkali and alkaline earth chlorides in water at moderate temperatures","docAbstract":"Solubilities for the binary systems, salt-H2O, of the chlorides of lithium, rubidium, cesium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium from near 0??C to the saturated boiling point are reported. The experimental data and coefficients of an equation for a smoothed curve describing each system are listed in the tables. The data are improvements on those previously reported in the literature, having a precision on the average of ??0.09%.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/je60083a019","issn":"00219568","usgsCitation":"Clynne, M., and Potter, R., 1979, Solubility of some alkali and alkaline earth chlorides in water at moderate temperatures: Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data, v. 24, no. 4, p. 338-340, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60083a019.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"338","endPage":"340","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222306,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9247e4b08c986b319de5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clynne, M.A.","contributorId":90722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clynne","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Potter, R.W. II","contributorId":16857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potter","given":"R.W.","suffix":"II","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":10949,"text":"ofr78926 - 1978 - Relation of Mercury, Uranium, and Lithium Deposits to the McDermitt Caldera Complex, Nevada-Oregon","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":10949,"text":"ofr78926 - 1978 - Relation of Mercury, Uranium, and Lithium Deposits to the McDermitt Caldera Complex, Nevada-Oregon","indexId":"ofr78926","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"title":"Relation of Mercury, Uranium, and Lithium Deposits to the McDermitt Caldera Complex, Nevada-Oregon"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70043142,"text":"70043142 - 1979 - Relation of mercury, uranium, and lithium deposits to the McDermitt caldera complex, Nevada-Oregon","indexId":"70043142","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"Relation of mercury, uranium, and lithium deposits to the McDermitt caldera complex, Nevada-Oregon"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70043142,"text":"70043142 - 1979 - Relation of mercury, uranium, and lithium deposits to the McDermitt caldera complex, Nevada-Oregon","indexId":"70043142","publicationYear":"1979","noYear":false,"title":"Relation of mercury, uranium, and lithium deposits to the McDermitt caldera complex, Nevada-Oregon"},"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-05T15:50:00","indexId":"ofr78926","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-926","title":"Relation of Mercury, Uranium, and Lithium Deposits to the McDermitt Caldera Complex, Nevada-Oregon","docAbstract":"The McDermitt caldera complex, located along the Nevada-Oregon border, is a Miocene collapse structure 45 kilometer in diameter. Large-volume rhyolitic and peralkaline ash-flow tuffs were erupted from 17.9 to 15.8 m.y. ago, leading to the formation of overlapping and nested calderas. Emplacement of rhyolitic ring domes, located primarily along the western margin of the calderas, represents the last phase of volcanic activity.\n\nThe complex is the site of large deposits of mercury, an are deposit and several occurrences of uranium, and widespread occurrences of lithium. Mercury deposits at Cordero, McDermitt, Bretz, Ruja, and Opalite occur along ring fractures in sedimentary rocks that fill the calderas. Near the deposits the rocks are altered to zeolites and within the ore zones to potassium feldspar and silicate minerals. Although the mercury deposits contain anomalous concentrations of uranium, the most important uranium occurrences are restricted to rhyolitic ring domes emplaced along the western margin of the calderas.\n\nLithium occurrences are located in tuffaceous rocks that are altered to zeolites and potassium feldspar. Concentrations of lithium ranging from 0.1 to 0.68 percent are associated with the clay mineral hectorite. The rhyolitic rocks erupted from the McDermitt caldera complex are enriched in mercury, uranium, and lithium and are likely source rocks for these elements in the ore deposits. Tuffaceous caldera fill-sediment averages 0.29 ppm mercury, 22 ppm uranium, and 236 ppm lithium; large-volume ash-flow tuffs contain up to 0.26 ppm mercury, 20 ppm uranium, and 300 ppm lithium.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78926","usgsCitation":"Rytuba, J.J., and Glanzman, R.K., 1978, Relation of Mercury, Uranium, and Lithium Deposits to the McDermitt Caldera Complex, Nevada-Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-926, iii, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78926.","productDescription":"iii, 28 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":94147,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0926/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144195,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0926/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c300","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rytuba, James J. jrytuba@usgs.gov","contributorId":3043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rytuba","given":"James","email":"jrytuba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":162253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glanzman, Richard K.","contributorId":19550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glanzman","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":162254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":8039,"text":"ofr78430 - 1978 - Lithium in rocks from the Lincoln, Helena, and Townsend areas, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:04","indexId":"ofr78430","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-430","title":"Lithium in rocks from the Lincoln, Helena, and Townsend areas, Montana","docAbstract":"In anticipation of increased demand for lithium for energy-related uses, the U.S. Geological Survey has been appraising the lithium resources of the United States and investigating occurrences of lithium. Analyses of samples of chiefly lacustrine rocks of Oligocene age collected by M. R. Mudge near Lincoln, Mont. showed as much as 1,500 ppm lithium. Since then we have sampled the area in greater detail, and have sampled rocks of similar ages in the Helena and Townsend valleys. \r\n\r\nThe lithium-rich beds crop out in a band about 1.3 km long by 0.3 km wide near the head of Beaver Creek, about 14 km northwest of Lincoln, Mont. These beds consist of laminated marlstone, oil shale, carbonaceous shale, limestone, conglomerate, and tuff. Some parts of this sequence average almost 0.1 percent lithium. The lithium-bearing rocks are too low in grade and volume to be economic. \r\n\r\nSamples of sedimentary rocks of Oligocene age from the Helena and Townsend valleys in the vicinity of Helena, Mont. were generally low in lithium (3-40 ppm). However, samples of rhyolites from the western side of the Helena valley and from the Lava Mountain area were slightly above average in lithium content (6-200 ppm).","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr78430","usgsCitation":"Brenner-Tourtelot, E.F., Meier, A.L., and Curtis, C.A., 1978, Lithium in rocks from the Lincoln, Helena, and Townsend areas, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-430, 27 leaves :fold. map (in pocket) ;30 cm.; (29 p., 1 sheet - PGS), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78430.","productDescription":"27 leaves :fold. map (in pocket) ;30 cm.; (29 p., 1 sheet - PGS)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":140542,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0430/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":35614,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0430/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":35615,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0430/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a37f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brenner-Tourtelot, Elizabeth F.","contributorId":103672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brenner-Tourtelot","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meier, Allen L.","contributorId":14384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meier","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Curtis, Craig A.","contributorId":103673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtis","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":157034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":10704,"text":"ofr78294 - 1978 - Chemical quality of water in abandoned zinc mines in northeastern Oklahoma and southeastern Kansas","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":10704,"text":"ofr78294 - 1978 - Chemical quality of water in abandoned zinc mines in northeastern Oklahoma and southeastern Kansas","indexId":"ofr78294","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"title":"Chemical quality of water in abandoned zinc mines in northeastern Oklahoma and southeastern Kansas"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70044398,"text":"70044398 - 1980 - Chemical quality of water in abandoned zinc mines in northeastern Oklahoma and southeastern Kansas","indexId":"70044398","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Chemical quality of water in abandoned zinc mines in northeastern Oklahoma and southeastern Kansas"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70044398,"text":"70044398 - 1980 - Chemical quality of water in abandoned zinc mines in northeastern Oklahoma and southeastern Kansas","indexId":"70044398","publicationYear":"1980","noYear":false,"title":"Chemical quality of water in abandoned zinc mines in northeastern Oklahoma and southeastern Kansas"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-29T08:06:31","indexId":"ofr78294","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"78-294","title":"Chemical quality of water in abandoned zinc mines in northeastern Oklahoma and southeastern Kansas","docAbstract":"Onsite measurements of pH, specific conductance, and water temperature show that water temperatures in seven mine shafts in northeastern Oklahoma and southeastern Kansas is stratified. With increasing sampling depth, specific conductance and water temperature tend to increase, and pH tends to decrease. Concentrations of dissolved solids and chemical constituents in mine-shaft water, such as total, and dissolved metals and dissolved sulfate also increase with depth. The apparently unstable condition created by cooler, denser water overlying warmer, less-dense water is offset by the greater density of the lower water strata due to higher dissolved solids content.
Correlation analysis showed that several chemical constituents and properties of mine-shaft water, including dissolved solids, total hardness, and dissolved sulfate, calcium, magnesium, and lithium, are linearly related to specific conductance. None of the constituents or properties of mine-shaft water tested had a significant linear relationship to pH. However, when values of dissolved aluminum, zinc, and nickel were transformed to natural or Napierian logarithms, significant linear correlation to pH resulted.
During the course of the study - September 1975 to June 1977 - the water level in a well penetrating the mine workings rose at an average rate of 1.2 feet per month. Usually, the rate of water-level rise was greater than average after periods of relatively high rainfall, and lower than average during periods of relatively low rainfall.
Water in the mine shafts is unsuited for most uses without treatment. The inability of current domestic water treatment practices to remove high concentrations of toxic metals, such as cadmium and lead, precludes use of the water for a public supply.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr78294","usgsCitation":"Playton, S.J., Davis, R.E., and McClaflin, R.G., 1978, Chemical quality of water in abandoned zinc mines in northeastern Oklahoma and southeastern Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-294, x, 67 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr78294.","productDescription":"x, 67 p.","numberOfPages":"77","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346200,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0294/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":143278,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1978/0294/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas, Oklahoma","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-94.6175,37.3384],[-94.6187,37.0585],[-94.619,37],[-94.6196,36.7664],[-94.6187,36.6703],[-94.6187,36.6694],[-95.001,36.6723],[-95.0004,36.9518],[-95.0073,36.9539],[-95.0192,36.9566],[-95.0286,36.9641],[-95.0323,36.9706],[-95.0389,36.9758],[-95.0389,36.9772],[-95.0325,36.9783],[-95.0313,36.9792],[-95.0361,36.9866],[-95.0375,36.9916],[-95.0362,36.9957],[-95.0336,36.9986],[-95.0723,36.9987],[-95.0723,36.9994],[-95.0739,37.3417],[-94.6175,37.3384]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Cherokee\",\"state\":\"KS\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dfe4b07f02db5e3256","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Playton, Stephen J.","contributorId":87548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Playton","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, Robert Ellis","contributorId":103249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"Ellis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McClaflin, Roger G.","contributorId":50157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClaflin","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":161826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70012574,"text":"70012574 - 1978 - The role of the U.S. Geological Survey in the lithium industry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-17T15:04:46.795959","indexId":"70012574","displayToPublicDate":"1978-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1978","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1505,"text":"Energy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of the U.S. Geological Survey in the lithium industry","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey has responsibility in the U.S. Department of the Interior to assess the nation's energy and mineral resources. The evaluation of reserves and resources of a commodity such as lithium should be a continuing process in the light of advancing technology and ever-growing knowledge of its geologic occurrence and geochemical behavior. Although reserves of lithium vary with market demand because of the investment required to find, develop, and appraise an ore body, total resources are a function of the geologic occurrence and geochemical behavior of lithium. By studying known deposits and publishing data on their origin and occurrence, the U.S. Geological Survey can aid in the discovery of new deposits and improve the resource base.
Resource data are used both by the government and the private sector. Government funding for research on energy-related technologies such as electric vehicle batteries and fusion power requires assurance that there will be enough lithium available in time for commercialization. Questions of availability for all mineral commodities must be answered by the U.S. Geological Survey so that intelligent decisions can be made.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0360-5442(78)90026-9","usgsCitation":"Vine, J.D., 1978, The role of the U.S. Geological Survey in the lithium industry: Energy, v. 3, no. 3, p. 299-304, https://doi.org/10.1016/0360-5442(78)90026-9.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"299","endPage":"304","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222665,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf9be4b08c986b32490c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vine, James D.","contributorId":105287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vine","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}