A one-dimensional (1-D) analytic solution is developed for heat transport through an aquifer system where the vertical temperature profile in the aquifer is nearly uniform. The general anisotropic form of the viscous heat generation term is developed for use in groundwater flow simulations. The 1-D solution is extended to more complex geometries by solving the equation for piece-wise linear or uniform properties and boundary conditions. A moderately complex example, the Eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP), is analyzed to demonstrate the use of the analytic solution for identifying important physical processes. For example, it is shown that viscous heating is variably important and that heat conduction to the land surface is a primary control on the distribution of aquifer and spring temperatures. Use of published values for all aquifer and thermal properties results in a reasonable match between simulated and measured groundwater temperatures over most of the 300 km length of the ESRP, except for geothermal heat flow into the base of the aquifer within 20 km of the Yellowstone hotspot. Previous basal heat flow measurements (∼110 mW/m2) made beneath the ESRP aquifer were collected at distances of >50 km from the Yellowstone Plateau, but a higher basal heat flow of 150 mW/m2 is required to match groundwater temperatures near the Plateau. The ESRP example demonstrates how the new tool can be used during preliminary analysis of a groundwater system, allowing efficient identification of the important physical processes that must be represented during more-complex 2-D and 3-D simulations of combined groundwater and heat flow.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2015WR018204","usgsCitation":"Burns, E.R., Ingebritsen, S.E., Manga, M., and Williams, C.F., 2016, Evaluating geothermal and hydrogeologic controls on regional groundwater temperature distribution: Water Resources Research, v. 52, no. 2, p. 1328-1344, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR018204.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1328","endPage":"1344","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066164","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471280,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1480710","text":"External Repository"},{"id":319342,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Eastern Snake River Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.44232177734374,\n 42.92224052343343\n ],\n [\n -112.37640380859375,\n 43.068887774169625\n ],\n [\n -112.2637939453125,\n 43.19516498456403\n ],\n [\n -112.1044921875,\n 43.30719248161193\n ],\n [\n -112.00836181640625,\n 43.45890015705449\n ],\n [\n -111.99462890625,\n 43.6102281417864\n ],\n [\n -111.94793701171875,\n 43.70362249839005\n ],\n [\n -111.84906005859375,\n 43.76514352427404\n ],\n [\n -111.78314208984375,\n 43.81471121600004\n ],\n [\n -111.83807373046875,\n 43.91174463910793\n ],\n [\n -111.96441650390625,\n 43.96119063892024\n ],\n [\n -112.13470458984375,\n 43.9473499035071\n ],\n [\n -112.22259521484375,\n 43.91174463910793\n ],\n [\n -112.39562988281249,\n 43.8503744993026\n ],\n [\n -112.576904296875,\n 43.80876526350847\n ],\n [\n -112.78289794921875,\n 43.82461982131735\n ],\n [\n -113.060302734375,\n 43.67581809328344\n ],\n [\n -113.302001953125,\n 43.57840117718351\n ],\n [\n -113.6810302734375,\n 43.367122441110716\n ],\n [\n -113.96942138671875,\n 43.25520534158046\n ],\n [\n -114.12322998046875,\n 43.27320591705845\n ],\n [\n -114.43634033203125,\n 43.279204926082784\n ],\n [\n -114.7137451171875,\n 43.271206115959785\n ],\n [\n -115.07904052734374,\n 43.271206115959785\n ],\n [\n -115.1971435546875,\n 43.22719386727831\n ],\n [\n -115.1531982421875,\n 43.02472955416351\n ],\n [\n -114.88677978515625,\n 42.896088552971065\n ],\n [\n -114.87030029296875,\n 42.72280375732727\n ],\n [\n -114.76867675781249,\n 42.57128708742757\n ],\n [\n -114.32373046875,\n 42.47817430242153\n ],\n [\n -113.873291015625,\n 42.459940352216556\n ],\n [\n -113.51898193359374,\n 42.52069952914966\n ],\n [\n -113.22235107421874,\n 42.60970621339408\n ],\n [\n -113.0218505859375,\n 42.67435857693384\n ],\n [\n -112.74444580078125,\n 42.789354160502775\n ],\n [\n -112.47528076171875,\n 42.88401467044253\n ],\n [\n -112.44232177734374,\n 42.92224052343343\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f50fc7e4b0f59b85e1eb4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burns, Erick R. 0000-0002-1747-0506 eburns@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1747-0506","contributorId":3094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Erick","email":"eburns@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":623424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ingebritsen, Steven E. 0000-0001-6917-9369 seingebr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6917-9369","contributorId":818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingebritsen","given":"Steven","email":"seingebr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":623425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Manga, Michael","contributorId":84679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manga","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, Colin F. 0000-0003-2196-5496 colin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2196-5496","contributorId":274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Colin","email":"colin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":623426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70170222,"text":"70170222 - 2016 - Recent rates of carbon accumulation in montane fens ofYosemite National Park, California, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-12T14:41:46","indexId":"70170222","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":899,"text":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent rates of carbon accumulation in montane fens ofYosemite National Park, California, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"Little is known about recent rates of carbon storage in montane peatlands, particularly in the western United States. Here we report on recent rates of carbon accumulation (past 50 to 100 years) in montane groundwater-fed peatlands (fens) of Yosemite National Park in central California, U.S.A. Peat cores were collected at three sites ranging in elevation from 2070 to 2500 m. Core sections were analyzed for bulk density, % organic carbon, and 210Pb activities for dating purposes. Organic carbon densities ranged from 0.026 to 0.065 g C cm-3. Mean vertical accretion rates estimated using210Pb over the 50-year period from ∼1960 to 2011 and the 100-year period from ∼1910 to 2011 were 0.28 (standard deviation = ±0.09) and 0.18 (±-0.04) cm yr-1, respectively. Mean carbon accumulation rates over the 50- and 100-year periods were 95.4 (±25.4) and 74.7 (±17.2) g C m-2 yr-1, respectively. Such rates are similar to recent rates of carbon accumulation in rich fens in western Canada, but more studies are needed to definitively establish both the similarities and differences in peat formation between boreal and temperate montane fens.
","language":"English","publisher":"Bioone","doi":"10.1657/AAAR0015-002","collaboration":"USGS/National Park Service Park Oriented Biological Support","usgsCitation":"Drexler, J.Z., Fuller, C.C., Orlando, J.L., and Moore, P.E., 2016, Recent rates of carbon accumulation in montane fens ofYosemite National Park, California, U.S.A.: Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, v. 47, no. 4, p. 657-659, https://doi.org/10.1657/AAAR0015-002.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"657","endPage":"659","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058004","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471275,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1657/aaar0015-002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":319985,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":319975,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1657/AAAR0015-002"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Yosemite National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.69123840332031,\n 37.859675659210005\n ],\n [\n -119.38224792480467,\n 37.894904889845144\n ],\n [\n -119.31221008300781,\n 37.68273350145476\n ],\n [\n -119.63150024414061,\n 37.65501407801064\n ],\n [\n -119.69123840332031,\n 37.859675659210005\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"570e1c36e4b0ef3b7ca24c3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drexler, Judith Z. 0000-0002-0127-3866 jdrexler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0127-3866","contributorId":167492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drexler","given":"Judith","email":"jdrexler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":626528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, Christopher C. 0000-0002-2354-8074 ccfuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2354-8074","contributorId":1831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Christopher","email":"ccfuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":626529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orlando, James L. 0000-0002-0099-7221 jorlando@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0099-7221","contributorId":1368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orlando","given":"James","email":"jorlando@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":626530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moore, Peggy E. 0000-0002-8481-2617 peggy_moore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8481-2617","contributorId":3365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Peggy","email":"peggy_moore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":626531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70168700,"text":"70168700 - 2016 - Quantifying pollen-vegetation relationships to reconstruct ancient forests using 19th-century forest composition and pollen data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-26T13:37:12","indexId":"70168700","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying pollen-vegetation relationships to reconstruct ancient forests using 19th-century forest composition and pollen data","docAbstract":"Mitigation of climate change and adaptation to its effects relies partly on how effectively land-atmosphere interactions can be quantified. Quantifying composition of past forest ecosystems can help understand processes governing forest dynamics in a changing world. Fossil pollen data provide information about past forest composition, but rigorous interpretation requires development of pollen-vegetation models (PVMs) that account for interspecific differences in pollen production and dispersal. Widespread and intensified land-use over the 19th and 20th centuries may have altered pollen-vegetation relationships. Here we use STEPPS, a Bayesian hierarchical spatial PVM, to estimate key process parameters and associated uncertainties in the pollen-vegetation relationship. We apply alternate dispersal kernels, and calibrate STEPPS using a newly developed Euro-American settlement-era calibration data set constructed from Public Land Survey data and fossil pollen samples matched to the settlement-era using expert elicitation. Models based on the inverse power-law dispersal kernel outperformed those based on the Gaussian dispersal kernel, indicating that pollen dispersal kernels are fat tailed. Pine and birch have the highest pollen productivities. Pollen productivity and dispersal estimates are generally consistent with previous understanding from modern data sets, although source area estimates are larger. Tests of model predictions demonstrate the ability of STEPPS to predict regional compositional patterns.
Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) is the most widespread tree species in North America and has supported a unique ecosystem for tens of thousands of years, yet is currently threatened by dramatic loss and possible local extinctions. While multiple factors such as climate change and fire suppression are thought to contribute to aspen’s decline, increased browsing by elk (Cervus elaphus), which have experienced dramatic population increases in the last ∼80 years, may severely inhibit aspen growth and regeneration. Fires are known to favor aspen recovery, but in the last several decades the spatial scale and intensity of wildfires has greatly increased, with poorly understood ramifications for aspen growth. Here, focusing on the 2000 Cerro Grande fire in central New Mexico – one of the earliest fires described as a “mega-fire” - we use three methods to examine the impact of elk browsing on aspen regeneration after a mega-fire. First, we use an exclosure experiment to show that aspen growing in the absence of elk were 3× taller than trees growing in the presence of elk. Further, aspen that were both protected from elk and experienced burning were 8.5× taller than unburned trees growing in the presence of elk, suggesting that the combination of release from herbivores and stimulation from fire creates the largest aspen growth rates. Second, using surveys at the landscape level, we found a correlation between elk browsing intensity and aspen height, such that where elk browsing was highest, aspen were shortest. This relationship between elk browsing intensity and aspen height was stronger in burned (r = −0.53) compared to unburned (r = −0.24) areas. Third, in conjunction with the landscape-level surveys, we identified possible natural refugia, microsites containing downed logs, shrubs etc. that may inhibit elk browsing by physically blocking aspen from elk or by impeding elk’s ability to move through the forest patch. We did not find any consistent patterns between refuge elements and aspen size or canopy cover suggesting that natural refugia are not aiding in aspen recruitment and that all young aspen were susceptible to browsing. In much of their normal range, aspen are not growing to large size classes, which threatens the future of this iconic species and calls into question the ability of ecosystems to recover from mega-fires. Our results highlight the importance of considering multiple interacting factors (i.e. fire and increased elk browsing) when considering aspen management and regeneration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2015.11.020","usgsCitation":"Smith, D.S., Fettig, S.M., and Bowker, M.A., 2016, Elevated Rocky Mountain elk numbers prevent positive effects of fire on quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) recruitment: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 362, p. 46-54, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2015.11.020.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"46","endPage":"54","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067527","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321402,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Cerro Grande","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.42507553100586,\n 35.858309181565716\n ],\n [\n -106.42507553100586,\n 35.881122573005875\n ],\n [\n -106.38971328735352,\n 35.881122573005875\n ],\n [\n -106.38971328735352,\n 35.858309181565716\n ],\n [\n -106.42507553100586,\n 35.858309181565716\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"362","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"573ee3afe4b04a3a6a24acf8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, David Solance","contributorId":169498,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"Solance","affiliations":[{"id":25534,"text":"Dept. of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona Univ, PO Box 15018, Flagstaff AZ 86011; current address: Denison Univ, Dept of Biology, PO Box 810, Granville, OH 43023. Email: smithd@denison.edu","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fettig, Stephen M.","contributorId":169499,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fettig","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":25535,"text":"U.S. National Park Service, Bandelier National Monument, 15 Entrance Rd., Los Alamos, NM 87544","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bowker, Matthew A. mbowker@usgs.gov","contributorId":2875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowker","given":"Matthew","email":"mbowker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":629813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70192962,"text":"70192962 - 2016 - Salinity effects on plasma ion levels, cortisol, and osmolality in Chinook salmon following lethal sampling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-07T12:40:03","indexId":"70192962","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1289,"text":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Salinity effects on plasma ion levels, cortisol, and osmolality in Chinook salmon following lethal sampling","docAbstract":"Studies on hydromineral balance in fishes frequently employ measurements of electrolytes following euthanasia. We tested the effects of fresh- or salt-water euthanasia baths of tricaine mesylate (MS-222) on plasma magnesium (Mg2+) and sodium (Na+) ions, cortisoland osmolality in fish exposed to saltwater challenges, and the ion and steroid hormone fluctuations over time following euthanasia in juvenile spring Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Salinity of the euthanasia bath affected plasma Mg2+ and Na+concentrations as well as osmolality, with higher concentrations in fish euthanized in saltwater. Time spent in the bath positively affected plasma Mg2+ and osmolality, negatively affected cortisol, and had no effect on Na+ concentrations. The difference of temporal trends in plasma Mg2+ and Na+ suggests that Mg2+ may be more sensitive to physiological changes and responds more rapidly than Na+. When electrolytes and cortisol are measured as endpoints after euthanasia, care needs to be taken relative to time after death and the salinity of the euthanasia bath.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.11.011","usgsCitation":"Stewart, H., Noakes, D.L., Cogliati, K.M., Peterson, J., Iversen, M.H., and Schreck, C.B., 2016, Salinity effects on plasma ion levels, cortisol, and osmolality in Chinook salmon following lethal sampling: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, v. 192, p. 38-43, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.11.011.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"38","endPage":"43","ipdsId":"IP-067157","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471282,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.11.011","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348377,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"192","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07ea6ce4b09af898c8cc84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, Heather","contributorId":173199,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"Heather","affiliations":[{"id":27188,"text":"Alaska Department of Natural Resources Division of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noakes, David L. G.","contributorId":195116,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Noakes","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cogliati, Karen M.","contributorId":200086,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cogliati","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Iversen, Martin H.","contributorId":200087,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iversen","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schreck, Carl B. 0000-0001-8347-1139 carl.schreck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-1139","contributorId":878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreck","given":"Carl","email":"carl.schreck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70187348,"text":"70187348 - 2016 - The road to Yucca Mountain—Evolution of nuclear waste disposal in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-01T13:21:15","indexId":"70187348","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1574,"text":"Environmental & Engineering Geoscience","printIssn":"1078-7275","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The road to Yucca Mountain—Evolution of nuclear waste disposal in the United States","docAbstract":"The generation of electricity by nuclear power and the manufacturing of atomic weapons have created a large amount of spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste. There is a world-wide consensus that the best way to protect mankind and the environment is to dispose of this waste in a deep geologic repository. Initial efforts focused on salt as the best medium for disposal, but the heat generated by the radioactive waste led many earth scientists to examine other rock types. In 1976, the director of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) wrote to the U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA), predecessor agency of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), suggesting that there were several favorable environments at the Nevada Test Site (NTS), and that the USGS already had extensive background information on the NTS. Later, in a series of communications and one publication, the USGS espoused the favorability of the thick unsaturated zone. After the passage of the Nuclear Waste Policy Act (1982), the DOE compiled a list of nine favorable sites and settled on three to be characterized. In 1987, as the costs of characterizing three sites ballooned, Congress amended the Nuclear Waste Policy Act directing the DOE to focus only on Yucca Mountain in Nevada, with the proviso that if anything unfavorable was discovered, work would stop immediately. The U.S. DOE, the U.S. DOE national laboratories, and the USGS developed more than 100 detailed plans to study various earth-science aspects of Yucca Mountain and the surrounding area, as well as materials studies and engineering projects needed for a mined geologic repository. The work, which cost more than 10 billion dollars and required hundreds of man-years of work, culminated in a license application submitted to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) in 2008.
","language":"English","publisher":"Association of Environmental & Engineering Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gseegeosci.22.1.1","usgsCitation":"Stuckless, J.S., and Levich, R.A., 2016, The road to Yucca Mountain—Evolution of nuclear waste disposal in the United States: Environmental & Engineering Geoscience, v. 22, no. 1, p. 1-25, https://doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.22.1.1.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"25","ipdsId":"IP-058280","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340682,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-03-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59084927e4b0fc4e448ffd50","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stuckless, John S. 0000-0002-7536-0444 jstuckless@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7536-0444","contributorId":4974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuckless","given":"John","email":"jstuckless@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Levich, Robert A.","contributorId":93374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levich","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70188368,"text":"70188368 - 2016 - Lithospheric rheology constrained from twenty-five years of postseismic deformation following the 1989 Mw 6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T11:21:27","indexId":"70188368","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Lithospheric rheology constrained from twenty-five years of postseismic deformation following the 1989 Mw 6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake","title":"Lithospheric rheology constrained from twenty-five years of postseismic deformation following the 1989 Mw 6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake","docAbstract":"The October 17, 1989 Mw 6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake provides the first opportunity of probing the crustal and upper mantle rheology in the San Francisco Bay Area since the 1906 Mw 7.9 San Francisco earthquake. Here we use geodetic observations including GPS and InSAR to characterize the Loma Prieta earthquake postseismic displacements from 1989 to 2013. Pre-earthquake deformation rates are constrained by nearly 20 yr of USGS trilateration measurements and removed from the postseismic measurements prior to the analysis. We observe GPS horizontal displacements at mean rates of 1–4 mm/yr toward Loma Prieta Mountain until 2000, and ∼2 mm/yr surface subsidence of the northern Santa Cruz Mountains between 1992 and 2002 shown by InSAR, which is not associated with the seasonal and longer-term hydrological deformation in the adjoining Santa Clara Valley. Previous work indicates afterslip dominated in the early (1989–1994) postseismic period, so we focus on modeling the postseismic viscoelastic relaxation constrained by the geodetic observations after 1994. The best fitting model shows an elastic 19-km-thick upper crust above an 11-km-thick viscoelastic lower crust with viscosity of ∼6 × 1018 Pas, underlain by a viscous upper mantle with viscosity between 3 × 1018 and 2 × 1019 Pas. The millimeter-scale postseismic deformation does not resolve the viscosity in the different layers very well, and the lower-crustal relaxation may be localized in a narrow shear zone. However, the inferred lithospheric rheology is consistent with previous estimates based on post-1906 San Francisco earthquake measurements along the San Andreas fault system. The viscoelastic relaxation may also contribute to the enduring increase of aseismic slip and repeating earthquake activity on the San Andreas fault near San Juan Bautista, which continued for at least a decade after the Loma Prieta event.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2015.12.018","usgsCitation":"Huang, M., Burgmann, R., and Pollitz, F., 2016, Lithospheric rheology constrained from twenty-five years of postseismic deformation following the 1989 Mw 6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 435, p. 147-158, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.12.018.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"158","ipdsId":"IP-068757","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471290,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.12.018","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342215,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United states","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.35,\n 37.6\n ],\n [\n -121.25,\n 37.6\n ],\n [\n -121.25,\n 36.8\n ],\n [\n -122.35,\n 36.8\n ],\n [\n -122.35,\n 37.6\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"435","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593910ade4b0764e6c5e8863","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huang, Mong-Han","contributorId":192699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"Mong-Han","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burgmann, Roland","contributorId":192700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burgmann","given":"Roland","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pollitz, Frederick 0000-0002-4060-2706 fpollitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4060-2706","contributorId":139578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollitz","given":"Frederick","email":"fpollitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70188455,"text":"70188455 - 2016 - Corrigendum to “Widespread occurrence of (per)chlorate in the Solar System” [Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 430 (2015) 470–476]","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-12T09:45:18","indexId":"70188455","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Corrigendum to “Widespread occurrence of (per)chlorate in the Solar System” [Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 430 (2015) 470–476]","docAbstract":"The authors regret that two sets of data (Atacama (Rao et al., 2010) and Mars Meteorite Range (Kounaves et al., 2014)) in Fig. 2 of our article were plotted in the wrong units. The correction does not change the relationship between
In the four years after the 2008 eruption and burial of Kasatochi Island volcano, erosion and the return of bird activity have resulted in new and altered land surfaces and initiation of ecosystem recovery. We examined fertility characteristics of the recently deposited pyroclastic surfaces, patches of legacy pre-eruptive surface soil (LS), and a post-eruptive surface with recent bird roosting activity. Pyroclastic materials were found lacking in N, but P, K, and other macronutrients were in sufficient supply for plants. Erosion and leaching are moving mobile P and Fe downslope to deposition fan areas. Legacy soil patches that currently support plants have available-N at levels (10–22 mg N kg-1) similar to those added by birds in a recent bird roosting area. Roosting increased surface available N from <1 mg N kg-1 in the new pyroclastic surfaces to up to 42 mg N kg-1 and increased soil biological respiration of CO2 from essentially zero to a level about 40% that of the LS surface. Laboratory plant growth trials using Lupinus nootkatensis and Leymus mollis indicated that the influence of eroded and redeposited LS in amounts as little as 10% by volume mixed with new pyroclastic materials could aid plant recovery by supplying vital N and soil biota to plants as propagules are introduced to the new surface. Erosion-exposure of fertile pre-eruptive soils and erosion-mixing of pre-eruptive soils with newly erupted materials, along with inputs of nutrients from bird activities, each will exert significant influences on the surface fertility and recovery pattern of the new post-eruptive Kasatochi volcano. For this environment, these influences could help to speed recovery of a more diverse plant community by providing N (LS and bird inputs) as alternatives to relying most heavily on N-fixing plants to build soil fertility.
","language":"English","publisher":"Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR), University of Colorado","doi":"10.1657/AAAR0014-089","usgsCitation":"Michaelson, G.J., Wang, B., and Ping, C., 2016, Fertility of the early post-eruptive surfaces of Kasatochi Island volcano: Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, v. 48, no. 1, p. 45-59, https://doi.org/10.1657/AAAR0014-089.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"59","ipdsId":"IP-061100","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471293,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1657/aaar0014-089","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":352933,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kasatochi Island Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -175.5369758605957,\n 52.15708463620445\n ],\n [\n -175.48633575439453,\n 52.15708463620445\n ],\n [\n -175.48633575439453,\n 52.18829929601143\n ],\n [\n -175.5369758605957,\n 52.18829929601143\n ],\n [\n -175.5369758605957,\n 52.15708463620445\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afeea40e4b0da30c1bfc5d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Michaelson, G. J.","contributorId":194081,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michaelson","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wang, Bronwen 0000-0003-1044-2227 bwang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1044-2227","contributorId":2351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Bronwen","email":"bwang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ping, C. L.","contributorId":194082,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ping","given":"C. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70188082,"text":"70188082 - 2016 - At the foot of the smoking mountains: The 2014 scientific investigations in the Islands of the Four Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-31T14:09:58","indexId":"70188082","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":896,"text":"Arctic Anthropology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"At the foot of the smoking mountains: The 2014 scientific investigations in the Islands of the Four Mountains","docAbstract":"An interdisciplinary research team conducted archaeological, geological, and biological investigations in the Islands of the Four Mountains, Alaska during the summer of 2014 as part of a three-year project to study long-term geological and ecological patterns and processes with respect to human settlement. Researchers investigated three archaeological sites on Chuginadak Island (SAM-0014, SAM-0016 and SAM-0047) and two archaeological sites on Carlisle Island (AMK-0003 and SAM-0034) as well as peat, tephra, and lava deposition on those islands. These investigations resulted in the delineation of archaeological sites, documentation of geological and cultural stratigraphy, excavation of house-pit features, visual characterization and sampling of potential lithic sources, and documentation of Unangan occupation in the Islands of the Four Mountains from roughly 3,800 years ago to Russian contact.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Wisconsin Press","doi":"10.3368/aa.53.2.141","usgsCitation":"Hatfield, V., Bruner, K., West, D., Savinetsky, A., Krylovich, O., Khasanov, B., Vasyukov, D., Antipushina, Z., Okuno, M., Crockford, S., Nicolaysen, K., MacInnes, B., Persico, L., Izbekov, P., Neal, C.A., Bartlett, T., Loopesko, L., and Fulton, A., 2016, At the foot of the smoking mountains: The 2014 scientific investigations in the Islands of the Four Mountains: Arctic Anthropology, v. 53, no. 2, p. 141-159, https://doi.org/10.3368/aa.53.2.141.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"141","endPage":"159","ipdsId":"IP-068886","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341950,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-04-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"592fd63ee4b0e9bd0ea896fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatfield, Virginia","contributorId":192466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hatfield","given":"Virginia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bruner, Kale","contributorId":192467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bruner","given":"Kale","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"West, Dixie","contributorId":192468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"West","given":"Dixie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Savinetsky, Arkady","contributorId":192469,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savinetsky","given":"Arkady","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Krylovich, Olga","contributorId":192470,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krylovich","given":"Olga","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Khasanov, Bulat","contributorId":192471,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Khasanov","given":"Bulat","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Vasyukov, Dmitry","contributorId":192472,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vasyukov","given":"Dmitry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Antipushina, Zhanna","contributorId":192473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Antipushina","given":"Zhanna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Okuno, Mitsuru","contributorId":177479,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Okuno","given":"Mitsuru","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Crockford, Susan","contributorId":192475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crockford","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Nicolaysen, Kirsten","contributorId":146827,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicolaysen","given":"Kirsten","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16752,"text":"Whitman College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":696599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"MacInnes, Breanyn","contributorId":192477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacInnes","given":"Breanyn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Persico, Lyman","contributorId":192478,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Persico","given":"Lyman","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Izbekov, Pavel","contributorId":85950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izbekov","given":"Pavel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Neal, Christina A. 0000-0002-7697-7825 tneal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":131135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Christina","email":"tneal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Bartlett, Thomas III","contributorId":192480,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bartlett","given":"Thomas","suffix":"III","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Loopesko, Lydia","contributorId":192481,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loopesko","given":"Lydia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Fulton, Anne","contributorId":192482,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fulton","given":"Anne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}} ,{"id":70173661,"text":"70173661 - 2016 - Dynamic occupancy models for explicit colonization processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T10:22:41","indexId":"70173661","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dynamic occupancy models for explicit colonization processes","docAbstract":"The dynamic, multi-season occupancy model framework has become a popular tool for modeling open populations with occupancies that change over time through local colonizations and extinctions. However, few versions of the model relate these probabilities to the occupancies of neighboring sites or patches. We present a modeling framework that incorporates this information and is capable of describing a wide variety of spatiotemporal colonization and extinction processes. A key feature of the model is that it is based on a simple set of small-scale rules describing how the process evolves. The result is a dynamic process that can account for complicated large-scale features. In our model, a site is more likely to be colonized if more of its neighbors were previously occupied and if it provides more appealing environmental characteristics than its neighboring sites. Additionally, a site without occupied neighbors may also become colonized through the inclusion of a long-distance dispersal process. Although similar model specifications have been developed for epidemiological applications, ours formally accounts for detectability using the well-known occupancy modeling framework. After demonstrating the viability and potential of this new form of dynamic occupancy model in a simulation study, we use it to obtain inference for the ongoing Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis) invasion in South Africa. Our results suggest that the Common Myna continues to enlarge its distribution and its spread via short distance movement, rather than long-distance dispersal. Overall, this new modeling framework provides a powerful tool for managers examining the drivers of colonization including short- vs. long-distance dispersal, habitat quality, and distance from source populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/15-0416.1","usgsCitation":"Broms, K.M., Hooten, M., Johnson, D., Altwegg, R., and Conquest, L., 2016, Dynamic occupancy models for explicit colonization processes: Ecology, v. 97, no. 1, p. 194-204, https://doi.org/10.1890/15-0416.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"194","endPage":"204","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064209","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471292,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/15-0416.1","text":"External Repository"},{"id":323254,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575941d6e4b04f417c256803","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Broms, Kristin M.","contributorId":171524,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Broms","given":"Kristin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hooten, Mevin 0000-0002-1614-723X mhooten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1614-723X","contributorId":2958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooten","given":"Mevin","email":"mhooten@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12963,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Devin S.","contributorId":47524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Devin S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Altwegg, Res","contributorId":171528,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Altwegg","given":"Res","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Conquest, Loveday","contributorId":86624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conquest","given":"Loveday","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70174965,"text":"70174965 - 2016 - Prospecting for marine gas hydrate resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-25T13:07:03","indexId":"70174965","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3906,"text":"Interpretation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prospecting for marine gas hydrate resources","docAbstract":"As gas hydrate energy assessment matures worldwide, emphasis has evolved away from confirmation of the mere presence of gas hydrate to the more complex issue of prospecting for those specific accumulations that are viable resource targets. Gas hydrate exploration now integrates the unique pressure and temperature preconditions for gas hydrate occurrence with those concepts and practices that are the basis for conventional oil and gas exploration. We have aimed to assimilate the lessons learned to date in global gas hydrate exploration to outline a generalized prospecting approach as follows: (1) use existing well and geophysical data to delineate the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ), (2) identify and evaluate potential direct indications of hydrate occurrence through evaluation of interval of elevated acoustic velocity and/or seismic events of prospective amplitude and polarity, (3) mitigate geologic risk via regional seismic and stratigraphic facies analysis as well as seismic mapping of amplitude distribution along prospective horizons, and (4) mitigate further prospect risk through assessment of the evidence of gas presence and migration into the GHSZ. Although a wide range of occurrence types might ultimately become viable energy supply options, this approach, which has been tested in only a small number of locations worldwide, has directed prospect evaluation toward those sand-hosted, high-saturation occurrences that were presently considered to have the greatest future commercial potential.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/INT-2015-0036.1","usgsCitation":"Boswell, R., Shipp, C., Reichel, T., Shelander, D., Saeki, T., Frye, M., Shedd, W., Collett, T.S., and McConnell, D.R., 2016, Prospecting for marine gas hydrate resources: Interpretation, v. 4, no. 1, p. 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Both were experimentally fertilized for six years with varying levels of N and P. For unfertilized, N and NPK treatments, average yearly CO2 emissions (which represent only respiration) at the microtidal marsh (13, 19, and 28 mmoles CO2 m-2 hr-1, respectively) were higher than at the macrotidal marsh (12, 15, and 19 mmoles m-2 hr-1, respectively, with a flux under the additional high N/low P treatment of 21 mmoles m-2 hr-1). Response of CH4 to fertilization was more variable. At the macrotidal marsh average yearly fluxes were 1.29, 1.26, and 0.77 μmol CH4 m-2 hr-1 with control, N, and NPK treatments, respectively and 1.21 μmol m-2 hr-1 under high N/low P treatment. At the microtidal marsh CH4fluxes were 0.23, 0.16, and -0.24 μmol CH4 m-2 hr-1 in control, N, and NPK and treatments, respectively. Fertilization changed soils from sinks to sources of N2O. Average yearly N2O fluxes at the macrotidal marsh were -0.07, 0.08, and 1.70, μmol N2O m-2 hr-1 in control, N, NPK and treatments, respectively and 0.35 μmol m-2 hr-1 under high N/low P treatment. For the control, N, and NPK treatments at the microtidal marsh N2O fluxes were -0.05, 0.30, and 0.52 μmol N2O m-2 hr-1, respectively. Our results indicate that N2O fluxes are likely to vary with the source of pollutant nutrients but emissions will be lower if N is not accompanied by an adequate supply of P (e.g., atmospheric deposition vs sewage or agricultural runoff). With chronic fertilization the global warming potential of the increased N2O emissions may be enough to offset the global cooling potential of the C sequestered by salt marshes.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0149937","usgsCitation":"Chmura, G.L., Kellman, L., van Ardenne, L., and Guntenspergen, G.R., 2016, Greenhouse gas fluxes from salt marshes exposed to chronic nutrient enrichment: PLoS ONE, v. 11, no. 2, e0149937; 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0149937.","productDescription":"e0149937; 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-067399","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471285,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0149937","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328760,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"New Brunswick","volume":"11","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7c6cfe4b0bc0bec09cb76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chmura, Gail L.","contributorId":59938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chmura","given":"Gail","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kellman, Lisa","contributorId":20066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellman","given":"Lisa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"van Ardenne, Lee","contributorId":174713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"van Ardenne","given":"Lee","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guntenspergen, Glenn R. 0000-0002-8593-0244 glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0244","contributorId":2885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70175229,"text":"70175229 - 2016 - Analysis of brook trout spatial behavior during passage attempts in corrugated culverts using near-infrared illumination video imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-31T14:03:31","indexId":"70175229","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Analysis of brook trout spatial behavior during passage attempts in corrugated culverts using near-infrared illumination video imagery","docAbstract":"We used video recording and near-infrared illumination to document the spatial behavior of brook trout of various sizes attempting to pass corrugated culverts under different hydraulic conditions. Semi-automated image analysis was used to digitize fish position at high temporal resolution inside the culvert, which allowed calculation of various spatial behavior metrics, including instantaneous ground and swimming speed, path complexity, distance from side walls, velocity preference ratio (mean velocity at fish lateral position/mean crosssectional velocity) as well as number and duration of stops in forward progression. The presentation summarizes the main results and discusses how they could be used to improve fish passage performance in culverts.
","conferenceTitle":"11th International Symposium on Ecohydraulics 2016","conferenceDate":"February 7-12, 2016","conferenceLocation":"Richmond, Victoria","language":"English","publisher":"Ecohydraulics 2016","usgsCitation":"Bergeron, N.E., Constantin, P., Goerig, E., and Castro-Santos, T.R., 2016, Analysis of brook trout spatial behavior during passage attempts in corrugated culverts using near-infrared illumination video imagery, 11th International Symposium on Ecohydraulics 2016, Richmond, Victoria, February 7-12, 2016, 4 p.","productDescription":"4 p.","ipdsId":"IP-070253","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328142,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c7ffaee4b0f2f0cebfc21a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bergeron, Normand E.","contributorId":173374,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bergeron","given":"Normand","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":27216,"text":"INRS, Quebec","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Constantin, Pierre-Marc","contributorId":173375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Constantin","given":"Pierre-Marc","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27216,"text":"INRS, Quebec","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goerig, Elsa","contributorId":168522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goerig","given":"Elsa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25321,"text":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Castro-Santos, Theodore R. 0000-0003-2575-9120 tcastrosantos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2575-9120","contributorId":3321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castro-Santos","given":"Theodore","email":"tcastrosantos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70174967,"text":"70174967 - 2016 - Characterization of gas hydrate distribution using conventional 3D seismic data in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-25T13:03:12","indexId":"70174967","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3906,"text":"Interpretation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of gas hydrate distribution using conventional 3D seismic data in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea","docAbstract":"A new 3D seismic reflection data volume acquired in 2012 has allowed for the detailed mapping and characterization of gas hydrate distribution in the Pearl River Mouth Basin in the South China Sea. Previous studies of core and logging data showed that gas hydrate occurrence at high concentrations is controlled by the presence of relatively coarse-grained sediment and the upward migration of thermogenic gas from the deeper sediment section into the overlying gas hydrate stability zone (BGHSZ); however, the spatial distribution of the gas hydrate remains poorly defined. We used a constrained sparse spike inversion technique to generate acoustic-impedance images of the hydrate-bearing sedimentary section from the newly acquired 3D seismic data volume. High-amplitude reflections just above the bottom-simulating reflectors (BSRs) were interpreted to be associated with the accumulation of gas hydrate with elevated saturations. Enhanced seismic reflections below the BSRs were interpreted to indicate the presence of free gas. The base of the BGHSZ was established using the occurrence of BSRs. In areas absent of well-developed BSRs, the BGHSZ was calculated from a model using the inverted P-wave velocity and subsurface temperature data. Seismic attributes were also extracted along the BGHSZ that indicate variations reservoir properties and inferred hydrocarbon accumulations at each site. Gas hydrate saturations estimated from the inversion of acoustic impedance of conventional 3D seismic data, along with well-log-derived rock-physics models were also used to estimate gas hydrate saturations. Our analysis determined that the gas hydrate petroleum system varies significantly across the Pearl River Mouth Basin and that variability in sedimentary properties as a product of depositional processes and the upward migration of gas from deeper thermogenic sources control the distribution of gas hydrates in this basin.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/INT-2015-0020.1","usgsCitation":"Wang, X., Qiang, J., Collett, T.S., Shi, H., Yang, S., Yan, C., Li, Y., Wang, Z., and Chen, D., 2016, Characterization of gas hydrate distribution using conventional 3D seismic data in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea: Interpretation, v. 4, no. 1, p. SA25-SA37, https://doi.org/10.1190/INT-2015-0020.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"SA25","endPage":"SA37","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062836","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325592,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea","volume":"4","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5797382ee4b021cadec8ff1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Xiujuan","contributorId":87071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Xiujuan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Qiang, Jin","contributorId":62239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qiang","given":"Jin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":643436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shi, Hesheng","contributorId":173150,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shi","given":"Hesheng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27163,"text":"Shenzhen Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation Ltd., Shenzhen 518067, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yang, Shengxiong","contributorId":74306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"Shengxiong","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yan, Chengzhi","contributorId":173151,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yan","given":"Chengzhi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27163,"text":"Shenzhen Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation Ltd., Shenzhen 518067, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Li, Yuanping","contributorId":173152,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Yuanping","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27163,"text":"Shenzhen Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation Ltd., Shenzhen 518067, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wang, Zhenzhen","contributorId":173153,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Zhenzhen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27164,"text":"Zhanjiang Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation Ltd., Zhanjiang, 524057, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Chen, Duanxin","contributorId":173154,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Duanxin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27165,"text":"Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70176519,"text":"70176519 - 2016 - Impacts of climate change on land-use and wetland productivity in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-28T11:36:55","indexId":"70176519","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3242,"text":"Regional Environmental Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of climate change on land-use and wetland productivity in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America","docAbstract":"Wetland productivity in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of North America is closely linked to climate. A warmer and drier climate, as predicted, will negatively affect the productivity of PPR wetlands and the services they provide. The effect of climate change on wetland productivity, however, will not only depend on natural processes (e.g., evapotranspiration), but also on human responses. Agricultural land use, the predominant use in the PPR, is unlikely to remain static as climate change affects crop yields and prices. Land use in uplands surrounding wetlands will further affect wetland water budgets and hence wetland productivity. The net impact of climate change on wetland productivity will therefore depend on both the direct effects of climate change on wetlands and the indirect effects on upland land use. We examine the effect of climate change and land-use response on semipermanent wetland productivity by combining an economic model of agricultural land-use change with an ecological model of wetland dynamics. Our results suggest that the climate change scenarios evaluated are likely to have profound effects on land use in the North and South Dakota PPR, with wheat displacing other crops and pasture. The combined pressure of land-use and climate change significantly reduces wetland productivity. In a climate scenario with a +4 °C increase in temperature, our model predicts that almost the entire region may lack the wetland productivity necessary to support wetland-dependent species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10113-015-0768-3","usgsCitation":"Rashford, B.S., Adams, R.M., Wu, J., Voldseth, R.A., Guntenspergen, G.R., Werner, B., and Johnson, W., 2016, Impacts of climate change on land-use and wetland productivity in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America: Regional Environmental Change, v. 16, no. 2, p. 515-526, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-015-0768-3.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"515","endPage":"526","ipdsId":"IP-061526","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328758,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota, South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.041015625,\n 42.779275360241904\n ],\n [\n -102.041015625,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -96.50390625,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -96.50390625,\n 42.779275360241904\n ],\n [\n -102.041015625,\n 42.779275360241904\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7c6cfe4b0bc0bec09cb78","chorus":{"doi":"10.1007/s10113-015-0768-3","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10113-015-0768-3","publisher":"Springer Nature","authors":"Rashford Benjamin S., Adams Richard M., Wu JunJie, Voldseth Richard A., Guntenspergen Glenn R., Werner Brett, Johnson W. Carter","journalName":"Regional Environmental Change","publicationDate":"2/17/2015","auditedOn":"7/29/2016","publiclyAccessibleDate":"2/17/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rashford, Benjamin S.","contributorId":174506,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rashford","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6656,"text":"University of Wyoming, Renewable Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":649078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Richard M.","contributorId":174709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wu, Jun","contributorId":174710,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wu","given":"Jun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Voldseth, Richard A.","contributorId":98453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voldseth","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Guntenspergen, Glenn R. 0000-0002-8593-0244 glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0244","contributorId":2885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Werner, Brett","contributorId":47073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Werner","given":"Brett","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Johnson, W. Carter","contributorId":17548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W. Carter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70160077,"text":"70160077 - 2016 - Differences in impacts of Hurricane Sandy on freshwater swamps on the Delmarva Peninsula, Mid−Atlantic Coast, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-17T23:22:49","indexId":"70160077","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1454,"text":"Ecological Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differences in impacts of Hurricane Sandy on freshwater swamps on the Delmarva Peninsula, Mid−Atlantic Coast, USA","docAbstract":"Hurricane wind and surge may have different influences on the subsequent composition of forests. During Hurricane Sandy, while damaging winds were highest near landfall in New Jersey, inundation occurred along the entire eastern seaboard from Georgia to Maine. In this study, a comparison of damage from salinity intrusion vs. wind/surge was recorded in swamps of the Delmarva Peninsula along the Pocomoke (MD) and Nanticoke (DE) Rivers, south of the most intense wind damage. Hickory Point Cypress Swamp (Hickory) was closest to the Chesapeake Bay and may have been subjected to a salinity surge as evidenced by elevated salinity levels at a gage upstream of this swamp (storm salinity = 13.1 ppt at Nassawango Creek, Snow Hill, Maryland). After Hurricane Sandy, 8% of the standing trees died at Hickory including Acer rubrum, Amelanchier laevis, Ilex spp., and Taxodium distichum. In Plot 2 of Hickory, 25% of the standing trees were dead, and soil salinity levels were the highest recorded in the study. The most important variables related to structural tree damage were soil salinity and proximity to the Atlantic coast as based on Stepwise Regression and NMDS procedures. Wind damage was mostly restricted to broken branches although tipped−up trees were found at Hickory, Whiton and Porter (species: Liquidamabar styraciflua, Pinus taeda, Populus deltoides, Quercus pagoda and Ilex spp.). These trees fell mostly in an east or east−southeast direction (88o−107o) in keeping with the wind direction of Hurricane Sandy on the Delmarva Peninsula. Coastal restoration and management can be informed by the specific differences in hurricane damage to vegetation by salt versus wind.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.11.035","usgsCitation":"Middleton, B.A., 2016, Differences in impacts of Hurricane Sandy on freshwater swamps on the Delmarva Peninsula, Mid−Atlantic Coast, USA: Ecological Engineering, v. 87, p. 62-70, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.11.035.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"62","endPage":"70","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059151","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471288,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.11.035","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":312209,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Delmarva peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.6024169921875,\n 38.466492845389446\n ],\n [\n -75.7122802734375,\n 38.12591462924157\n ],\n [\n -75.19866943359375,\n 38.34165619279593\n ],\n [\n -75.58868408203125,\n 38.47294404791815\n ],\n [\n -75.6024169921875,\n 38.466492845389446\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"87","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56af3029e4b036ee44b83a49","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Middleton, Beth A. 0000-0002-1220-2326 middletonb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1220-2326","contributorId":2029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middleton","given":"Beth","email":"middletonb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159446,"text":"70159446 - 2016 - Book review: Mineral resource estimation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-30T14:12:14","indexId":"70159446","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Book review: Mineral resource estimation","docAbstract":"Mineral Resource Estimation is about estimating mineral resources at the scale of an ore deposit and is not to be mistaken with mineral resource assessment, which is undertaken at a significantly broader scale, even if similar data and geospatial/geostatistical methods are used. The book describes geological, statistical, and geostatistical tools and methodologies used in resource estimation and modeling, and presents case studies for illustration. The target audience is the expert, which includes professional mining geologists and engineers, as well as graduate-level and advanced undergraduate students.
\nReview info: Mineral Resource Estimation. By Mario E. Rossi, Clayton V. Deutsch. 2014. ISBN 978-1-4020-5716-8 332 pp.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/econgeo.111.1.272","usgsCitation":"Mihalasky, M.J., 2016, Book review: Mineral resource estimation: Economic Geology, v. 111, no. 1, p. 272-274, https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.111.1.272.","productDescription":"3 [.","startPage":"272","endPage":"274","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070293","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324690,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"111","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"577642ade4b07dd077c873ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mihalasky, Mark J. 0000-0002-0082-3029 mjm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0082-3029","contributorId":3692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mihalasky","given":"Mark","email":"mjm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":578734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70192535,"text":"70192535 - 2016 - Ungulate reproductive parameters track satellite observations of plant phenology across latitude and climatological regimes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T13:15:55","indexId":"70192535","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ungulate reproductive parameters track satellite observations of plant phenology across latitude and climatological regimes","docAbstract":"The effect of climatically-driven plant phenology on mammalian reproduction is one key to predicting species-specific demographic responses to climate change. Large ungulates face their greatest energetic demands from the later stages of pregnancy through weaning, and so in seasonal environments parturition dates should match periods of high primary productivity. Interannual variation in weather influences the quality and timing of forage availability, which can influence neonatal survival. Here, we evaluated macro-scale patterns in reproductive performance of a widely distributed ungulate (mule deer, Odocoileus hemionus) across contrasting climatological regimes using satellite-derived indices of primary productivity and plant phenology over eight degrees of latitude (890 km) in the American Southwest. The dataset comprised > 180,000 animal observations taken from 54 populations over eight years (2004–2011). Regionally, both the start and peak of growing season (“Start” and “Peak”, respectively) are negatively and significantly correlated with latitude, an unusual pattern stemming from a change in the dominance of spring snowmelt in the north to the influence of the North American Monsoon in the south. Corresponding to the timing and variation in both the Start and Peak, mule deer reproduction was latest, lowest, and most variable at lower latitudes where plant phenology is timed to the onset of monsoonal moisture. Parturition dates closely tracked the growing season across space, lagging behind the Start and preceding the Peak by 27 and 23 days, respectively. Mean juvenile production increased, and variation decreased, with increasing latitude. Temporally, juvenile production was best predicted by primary productivity during summer, which encompassed late pregnancy, parturition, and early lactation. Our findings offer a parsimonious explanation of two key reproductive parameters in ungulate demography, timing of parturition and mean annual production, across latitude and changing climatological regimes. Practically, this demonstrates the potential for broad-scale modeling of couplings between climate, plant phenology, and animal populations using space-borne observations.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0148780","usgsCitation":"Stoner, D., Sexton, J.O., Nagol, J., Bernales, H.H., and Edwards, T., 2016, Ungulate reproductive parameters track satellite observations of plant phenology across latitude and climatological regimes: PLoS ONE, v. 11, no. 2, p. 1-19, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148780.","productDescription":"e0148780; 19 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","ipdsId":"IP-061623","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471281,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148780","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347470,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Colorado, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Chihuahuan Desert, Colorado Plateau, Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.06005859375,\n 33.63291573870479\n ],\n [\n -108.61083984375,\n 33.63291573870479\n ],\n [\n -108.61083984375,\n 42.65012181368022\n ],\n [\n -114.06005859375,\n 42.65012181368022\n ],\n [\n -114.06005859375,\n 33.63291573870479\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07ea6ce4b09af898c8cc86","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stoner, David","contributorId":191912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stoner","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sexton, Joseph O.","contributorId":191918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sexton","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nagol, Jyoteshwar","contributorId":198512,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nagol","given":"Jyoteshwar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bernales, Heather H.","contributorId":198513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bernales","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Edwards, Thomas C. Jr. 0000-0002-0773-0909 tce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-0909","contributorId":191916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Thomas C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"tce@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":716135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70193655,"text":"70193655 - 2016 - Constraints on the source parameters of low-frequency earthquakes on the San Andreas Fault","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-02T13:42:37","indexId":"70193655","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Constraints on the source parameters of low-frequency earthquakes on the San Andreas Fault","docAbstract":"Low-frequency earthquakes (LFEs) are small repeating earthquakes that occur in conjunction with deep slow slip. Like typical earthquakes, LFEs are thought to represent shear slip on crustal faults, but when compared to earthquakes of the same magnitude, LFEs are depleted in high-frequency content and have lower corner frequencies, implying longer duration. Here we exploit this difference to estimate the duration of LFEs on the deep San Andreas Fault (SAF). We find that the M ~ 1 LFEs have typical durations of ~0.2 s. Using the annual slip rate of the deep SAF and the average number of LFEs per year, we estimate average LFE slip rates of ~0.24 mm/s. When combined with the LFE magnitude, this number implies a stress drop of ~104 Pa, 2 to 3 orders of magnitude lower than ordinary earthquakes, and a rupture velocity of 0.7 km/s, 20% of the shear wave speed. Typical earthquakes are thought to have rupture velocities of ~80–90% of the shear wave speed. Together, the slow rupture velocity, low stress drops, and slow slip velocity explain why LFEs are depleted in high-frequency content relative to ordinary earthquakes and suggest that LFE sources represent areas capable of relatively higher slip speed in deep fault zones. Additionally, changes in rheology may not be required to explain both LFEs and slow slip; the same process that governs the slip speed during slow earthquakes may also limit the rupture velocity of LFEs.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015GL067173","usgsCitation":"Thomas, A.M., Beroza, G., and Shelly, D.R., 2016, Constraints on the source parameters of low-frequency earthquakes on the San Andreas Fault: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 43, no. 4, p. 1464-1471, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL067173.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1464","endPage":"1471","ipdsId":"IP-070917","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348097,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas Fault","volume":"43","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fc2ea7e4b0531197b27f8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, Amanda M.","contributorId":36448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beroza, Gregory C.","contributorId":10713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beroza","given":"Gregory C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shelly, David R. dshelly@usgs.gov","contributorId":2978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelly","given":"David","email":"dshelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70191079,"text":"70191079 - 2016 - Mountain pine beetle host selection between lodgepole and ponderosa pines in the southern Rocky Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-25T11:36:23","indexId":"70191079","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1536,"text":"Environmental Entomology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mountain pine beetle host selection between lodgepole and ponderosa pines in the southern Rocky Mountains","docAbstract":"Recent evidence of range expansion and host transition by mountain pine beetle ( Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins; MPB) has suggested that MPB may not primarily breed in their natal host, but will switch hosts to an alternate tree species. As MPB populations expanded in lodgepole pine forests in the southern Rocky Mountains, we investigated the potential for movement into adjacent ponderosa pine forests. We conducted field and laboratory experiments to evaluate four aspects of MPB population dynamics and host selection behavior in the two hosts: emergence timing, sex ratios, host choice, and reproductive success. We found that peak MPB emergence from both hosts occurred simultaneously between late July and early August, and the sex ratio of emerging beetles did not differ between hosts. In two direct tests of MPB host selection, we identified a strong preference by MPB for ponderosa versus lodgepole pine. At field sites, we captured naturally emerging beetles from both natal hosts in choice arenas containing logs of both species. In the laboratory, we offered sections of bark and phloem from both species to individual insects in bioassays. In both tests, insects infested ponderosa over lodgepole pine at a ratio of almost 2:1, regardless of natal host species. Reproductive success (offspring/female) was similar in colonized logs of both hosts. Overall, our findings suggest that MPB may exhibit equally high rates of infestation and fecundity in an alternate host under favorable conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/ee/nvv167","usgsCitation":"West, D.R., Briggs, J.S., Jacobi, W.R., and Negron, J.F., 2016, Mountain pine beetle host selection between lodgepole and ponderosa pines in the southern Rocky Mountains: Environmental Entomology, v. 45, no. 1, p. 127-141, https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvv167.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"127","endPage":"141","ipdsId":"IP-057981","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346043,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountains","volume":"45","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59ca15b1e4b017cf314041d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"West, Daniel R.","contributorId":196678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"West","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Briggs, Jenny S. 0000-0001-7454-6928 jsbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7454-6928","contributorId":3087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Jenny","email":"jsbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jacobi, William R.","contributorId":196679,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jacobi","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Negron, Jose F.","contributorId":195663,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Negron","given":"Jose","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70193142,"text":"70193142 - 2016 - A decision support tool for adaptive management of native prairie ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T13:38:30","indexId":"70193142","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2013,"text":"Interfaces","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A decision support tool for adaptive management of native prairie ecosystems","docAbstract":"The Native Prairie Adaptive Management initiative is a decision support framework that provides cooperators with management-action recommendations to help them conserve native species and suppress invasive species on prairie lands. We developed a Web-based decision support tool (DST) for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the U.S. Geological Survey initiative. The DST facilitates cross-organizational data sharing, performs analyses to improve conservation delivery, and requires no technical expertise to operate. Each year since 2012, the DST has used monitoring data to update ecological knowledge that it translates into situation-specific management-action recommendations (e.g., controlled burn or prescribed graze). The DST provides annual recommendations for more than 10,000 acres on 20 refuge complexes in four U.S. states. We describe how the DST promotes the long-term implementation of the program for which it was designed and may facilitate decision support and improve ecological outcomes of other conservation efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Informs","doi":"10.1287/inte.2015.0822","usgsCitation":"Hunt, V.M., Jacobi, S., Gannon, J., Zorn, J.E., Moore, C.T., and Lonsdorf, E.V., 2016, A decision support tool for adaptive management of native prairie ecosystems: Interfaces, v. 46, no. 4, p. 334-344, https://doi.org/10.1287/inte.2015.0822.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"334","endPage":"344","ipdsId":"IP-053560","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349210,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fd7ae4b06e28e9c24ef8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunt, Victoria M.","contributorId":200688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hunt","given":"Victoria","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacobi, Sarah","contributorId":149496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jacobi","given":"Sarah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17752,"text":"Chicago Botanic Garden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":723060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gannon, Jill J.","contributorId":12722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gannon","given":"Jill J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zorn, Jennifer E.","contributorId":200689,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zorn","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moore, Clinton T. 0000-0002-6053-2880 cmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6053-2880","contributorId":3643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Clinton","email":"cmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lonsdorf, Eric V.","contributorId":149495,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lonsdorf","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":17752,"text":"Chicago Botanic Garden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":723063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70156877,"text":"70156877 - 2016 - Mapping extent and change in surface mines within the United States for 2001 to 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-06T17:07:18","indexId":"70156877","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2597,"text":"Land Degradation and Development","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping extent and change in surface mines within the United States for 2001 to 2006","docAbstract":"A complete, spatially explicit dataset illustrating the 21st century mining footprint for the conterminous United States does not exist. To address this need, we developed a semi-automated procedure to map the country's mining footprint (30-m pixel) and establish a baseline to monitor changes in mine extent over time. The process uses mine seed points derived from the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS), and USGS National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD) and recodes patches of barren land that meet a “distance to seed” requirement and a patch area requirement before mapping a pixel as mining. Seed points derived from EIA coal points, an edited MRDS point file, and 1992 NLCD mine points were used in three separate efforts using different distance and patch area parameters for each. The three products were then merged to create a 2001 map of moderate-to-large mines in the United States, which was subsequently manually edited to reduce omission and commission errors. This process was replicated using NLCD 2006 barren pixels as a base layer to create a 2006 mine map and a 2001–2006 mine change map focusing on areas with surface mine expansion. In 2001, 8,324 km2 of surface mines were mapped. The footprint increased to 9,181 km2 in 2006, representing a 10·3% increase over 5 years. These methods exhibit merit as a timely approach to generate wall-to-wall, spatially explicit maps representing the recent extent of a wide range of surface mining activities across the country.
","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley and Sons","doi":"10.1002/ldr.2412","usgsCitation":"Soulard, C.E., Acevedo, W., Stehman, S.V., and Parker, O.P., 2016, Mapping extent and change in surface mines within the United States for 2001 to 2006: Land Degradation and Development, v. 27, no. 2, p. 248-257, https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2412.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"248","endPage":"257","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054963","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324655,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5774f27ce4b07dd077c6a55d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soulard, Christopher E. 0000-0002-5777-9516 csoulard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5777-9516","contributorId":2642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soulard","given":"Christopher","email":"csoulard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Acevedo, William wacevedo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Acevedo","given":"William","email":"wacevedo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stehman, Stephen V.","contributorId":77283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stehman","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Parker, Owen P.","contributorId":147263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parker","given":"Owen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6785,"text":"USGS Contractor, Minerals & Environmental Resources Sci Ctr","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70115557,"text":"70115557 - 2016 - Survival of female mallards along the Vermont-Quebec border region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-24T15:26:49.243648","indexId":"70115557","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival of female mallards along the Vermont-Quebec border region","docAbstract":"Understanding effects of location and timing of harvest seasons on mortality of ducks and geese from hunting is important in forming regulations that sustain viable waterfowl populations throughout their range. During 1990 and 1991 we alternately marked 80 hatching year (HY), female mallards along the Vermont–Quebec border; half with radio-transmitters and bands and half with only aluminum leg bands. We monitored radio-marked ducks daily and recorded survival status weekly for 15 weeks from August until December each year. Mallard mortalities began 25 September when the hunting season opened in the Province of Quebec, Canada. Overall survival of mallards at week 10 did not differ between years (0.51 in 1990 vs. 0.43 in 1991) or differ from that of HY American black ducks (0.44 females, 0.42 males) based on proportional hazard analysis in a Bayesian framework. The mortality rates for mallards from hunting (0.47) and causes unrelated to hunting (0.06) were similar between years and to those rates for HY black ducks at that same site. Hunter harvest accounted for most of the mortality recorded during this study and illegal feeding (i.e., baiting) at sites just before and during the hunting season was observed. Females with lower body condition index had greater mortality rates; a 1-standard-deviation increase in condition index would reduce mortality hazard by about 29%. Management options that may increase mallard survival in the area include lowering daily bag limit in Quebec and suspending split hunting seasons in Vermont that increase harvest, delaying opening date of hunting in Quebec to allow for increased body condition before hunting season opens, and improving enforcement of baiting restrictions.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.1013","usgsCitation":"Longcore, J.R., McAuley, D.G., Heisey, D.M., Bunck, C.M., and Clugston, D.A., 2016, Survival of female mallards along the Vermont-Quebec border region: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 80, no. 2, p. 355-367, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.1013.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"355","endPage":"367","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057509","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471283,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.1013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":325004,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Quebec, Vermont","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.23623657226562,\n 44.91181802825403\n ],\n [\n -73.23623657226562,\n 45.03083274759959\n ],\n [\n -73.0755615234375,\n 45.03083274759959\n ],\n [\n -73.0755615234375,\n 44.91181802825403\n ],\n [\n -73.23623657226562,\n 44.91181802825403\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"80","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5784c344e4b0e02680be59e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Longcore, Jerry R.","contributorId":45447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longcore","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":642094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McAuley, Daniel G. dmcauley@usgs.gov","contributorId":5377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAuley","given":"Daniel","email":"dmcauley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":519023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heisey, Dennis M. dheisey@usgs.gov","contributorId":2455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heisey","given":"Dennis","email":"dheisey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bunck, Christine M. cbunck@usgs.gov","contributorId":731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunck","given":"Christine","email":"cbunck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":642096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clugston, David A.","contributorId":172791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clugston","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":642097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}