{"pageNumber":"111","pageRowStart":"2750","pageSize":"25","recordCount":4111,"records":[{"id":1003001,"text":"1003001 - 2003 - Estimating mortality rates of adult fish from entrainment through the propellers of river towboats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-14T17:54:20.47021","indexId":"1003001","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating mortality rates of adult fish from entrainment through the propellers of river towboats","docAbstract":"<p>We developed a method to estimate mortality rates of adult fish caused by entrainment through the propellers of commercial towboats operating in river channels. The method combines trawling while following towboats (to recover a fraction of the kills) and application of a hydrodynamic model of diffusion (to estimate the fraction of the total kills collected in the trawls). The sampling problem is unusual and required quantifying relatively rare events. We first examined key statistical properties of the entrainment mortality rate estimators using Monte Carlo simulation, which demonstrated that a design-based estimator and a new ad hoc estimator are both unbiased and converge to the true value as the sample size becomes large. Next, we estimated the entrainment mortality rates of adult fishes in Pool 26 of the Mississippi River and the Alton Pool of the Illinois River, where we observed kills that we attributed to entrainment. Our estimates of entrainment mortality rates were 2.52 fish/km of towboat travel (80% confidence interval, 1.00–6.09 fish/km) for gizzard shad<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Dorosoma cepedianum</i>, 0.13 fish/km (0.00–0.41) for skipjack herring<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Alosa chrysochloris</i>, and 0.53 fish/km (0.00–1.33) for both shovelnose sturgeon<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Scaphirhynchus platorynchus</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and smallmouth buffalo<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Ictiobus bubalus</i>. Our approach applies more broadly to commercial vessels operating in confined channels, including other large rivers and intracoastal waterways.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1577/T01-098","usgsCitation":"Gutreuter, S., Dettmers, J.M., and Wahl, D.H., 2003, Estimating mortality rates of adult fish from entrainment through the propellers of river towboats: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 132, no. 4, p. 646-661, https://doi.org/10.1577/T01-098.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"646","endPage":"661","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128487,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Missouri","otherGeospatial":"Alton Pool, Illinois River, Mississippi River, Pool 26","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n  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M.","contributorId":27395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettmers","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wahl, David H.","contributorId":206529,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wahl","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":37336,"text":"Illinois Natural History Survey, Kaskaskia Biological Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":312557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1008196,"text":"1008196 - 2003 - Rare male aggression directed toward females in a female-dominated society: Baiting behavior in the spotted hyena","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-28T12:35:40","indexId":"1008196","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":675,"text":"Aggressive Behavior","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rare male aggression directed toward females in a female-dominated society: Baiting behavior in the spotted hyena","docAbstract":"<p><span>Spotted hyenas (</span><i>Crocuta crocuta</i><span>) are gregarious carnivores. The females are socially dominant to males, and adult males rarely direct aggression toward adult females. This study analyzed all cases in which adult immigrant males behaved aggressively toward adult females in a large population of free-living hyenas in Kenya, observed for 11 years. Our goals were to describe the conditions under which male attacks on females occur, and address possible adaptive functions. Most aggression directed by adult immigrant males against females occurred when coalitions of two or more males attacked a single adult female, who typically responded by defending herself and fighting back. Male aggression against females frequently occurred at sites of ungulate kills, but males never behaved aggressively toward females over food, and all male attacks on females were unprovoked. Although no mounting or other copulatory behaviors ever occurred during or immediately after an attack, the number of male attacks on females peaked around the time of conception. Daily rates at which males attacked females did not vary with female social rank. However, daily attack rates did vary significantly with female reproductive state, and the highest rates of male attack on females were observed during the two stages of the reproductive cycle during which females were most likely to conceive litters. The adaptive significance of male aggression against females in this species remains unknown, but a tight association between male attacks on females and a female's time of conception provides strong evidence of some role for male aggression in hyena sexual behavior. In particular, our data are consistent with hypotheses suggesting that male aggression toward females in this species either serves to inform females about male fitness or represents sexual harassment.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ab.10065","usgsCitation":"Szykman, M., Engh, A.L., Van Horn, R.C., Boydston, E.E., Scribner, K.T., and Holekamp, K.E., 2003, Rare male aggression directed toward females in a female-dominated society: Baiting behavior in the spotted hyena: Aggressive Behavior, v. 29, no. 5, p. 457-474, https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.10065.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"457","endPage":"474","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132108,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-09-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db6491c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Szykman, Micaela","contributorId":174963,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Szykman","given":"Micaela","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Engh, Anne L.","contributorId":174964,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engh","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Van Horn, Russell C.","contributorId":174965,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Horn","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boydston, Erin E. 0000-0002-8452-835X eboydston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8452-835X","contributorId":1705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boydston","given":"Erin","email":"eboydston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":316990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Scribner, Kim T.","contributorId":95434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scribner","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":316989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Holekamp, Kay E.","contributorId":174966,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holekamp","given":"Kay","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":1008322,"text":"1008322 - 2003 - Spatial use and habitat associations of Columbian white-tailed deer fawns in southwestern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-28T12:18:41","indexId":"1008322","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial use and habitat associations of Columbian white-tailed deer fawns in southwestern Oregon","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fawns represent a critical life history stage in the dynamics of deer populations, yet little recent information is available on the ecology of neonatal Columbian white-tailed deer (CWTD), a geographically isolated and federally endangered sub-species. We described home ranges, areas of concentrated use, and habitat associations of CWTD fawns in southwestern Oregon during the summers of 1997 and 1998. Spatial use patterns and habitat use within areas of concentrated use were described for 11 radio-marked fawns. Pooled habitat use was described for 24 radio-marked fawns. Areas of concentrated use averaged 2.4 ha, which was 13.3% of mean 95% home range size (18.0 ha). Frequent use of oak-madrone woodland and riparian cover types characterized fawn habitat use patterns. Cover types containing conifers were rarely used and usually not available within home ranges. Although we found no detectable patterns of habitat selection or avoidance among fawns, areas of concentrated use were composed mostly of oak-madrone woodland (35%) and riparian (26%) cover types. Moreover, 74% of concentrated use area was within 200 m of streams. Our results provide useful information on habitat characteristics used frequently by CWTD fawns.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Northwest Science","usgsCitation":"Ricca, M., Anthony, R., Jackson, D.H., and Wolfe, S., 2003, Spatial use and habitat associations of Columbian white-tailed deer fawns in southwestern Oregon: Northwest Science, v. 77, p. 72-80.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"72","endPage":"80","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132446,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e6c88","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ricca, M.A.","contributorId":103609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ricca","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anthony, R.G.","contributorId":107641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anthony","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jackson, Dewaine H.","contributorId":26264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"Dewaine","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wolfe, S.A.","contributorId":91063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfe","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":317394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1008334,"text":"1008334 - 2003 - Relating species abundance distributions to species-area curves in two Mediterranean-type shrublands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-28T12:30:53","indexId":"1008334","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1399,"text":"Diversity and Distributions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relating species abundance distributions to species-area curves in two Mediterranean-type shrublands","docAbstract":"<p><span>Based on both theoretical and empirical studies there is evidence that different species abundance distributions underlie different species-area relationships. Here I show that Australian and Californian shrubland communities (at the scale from 1 to 1000&nbsp;m</span><sup>2</sup><span>) exhibit different species-area relationships and different species abundance patterns. The species-area relationship in Australian heathlands best fits an exponential model and species abundance (based on both density and cover) follows a narrow log normal distribution. In contrast, the species-area relationship in Californian shrublands is best fit with the power model and, although species abundance appears to fit a log normal distribution, the distribution is much broader than in Australian heathlands. I hypothesize that the primary driver of these differences is the abundance of small-stature annual species in California and the lack of annuals in Australian heathlands. Species-area is best fit by an exponential model in Australian heathlands because the bulk of the species are common and thus the species-area curves initially rise rapidly between 1 and 100&nbsp;m</span><sup>2</sup><span>. Annuals in Californian shrublands generate very broad species abundance distributions with many uncommon or rare species. The power function is a better model in these communities because richness increases slowly from 1 to 100&nbsp;m</span><sup>2</sup><span> but more rapidly between 100 and 1000&nbsp;m</span><sup>2</sup><span>due to the abundance of rare or uncommon species that are more likely to be encountered at coarser spatial scales. The implications of this study are that both the exponential and power function models are legitimate representations of species-area relationships in different plant communities. Also, structural differences in community organization, arising from different species abundance distributions, may lead to different species-area curves, and this may be tied to patterns of life form distribution.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1472-4642.2003.00017.x","usgsCitation":"Keeley, J.E., 2003, Relating species abundance distributions to species-area curves in two Mediterranean-type shrublands: Diversity and Distributions, v. 9, no. 4, p. 253-259, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1472-4642.2003.00017.x.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"253","endPage":"259","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132564,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c353","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":317443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1008538,"text":"1008538 - 2003 - Fish faunal resurgence in Lake Nabugabo, East Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-16T09:31:57","indexId":"1008538","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fish faunal resurgence in Lake Nabugabo, East Africa","docAbstract":"<p><span>&nbsp;In Lake Nabugabo, Uganda, a small satellite of the equatorial Lake Victoria, approximately 50% of the indigenous fish species disappeared from the open waters subsequent to establishment of the introduced predatory Nile perch (&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><i>Lates niloticus</i><span>&nbsp;). However, several of these species persisted in wetland refugia. Over the past decade, Nile perch in Lake Nabugabo have been intensively fished. Herein we report a resurgence of some indigenous species in open waters. In a multiyear study, we used annual transects in inshore and offshore waters of exposed (&nbsp;no wetland&nbsp;) and wetland habitats to document the pattern of resurgence. In 1995, haplochromine cichlids were largely confined to inshore areas, particularly wetland ecotones, and were rare in Nile perch stomachs, as were most other indigenous species. By 2000 haplochromine cichlids were abundant in inshore and offshore areas of both exposed and wetland transects. Several indigenous noncichlids also reappeared in the main lake, including three of the four original mormyrid species. Between 1995 and 1999, there was a dramatic increase in the proportion of haplochromines in the diet of Nile perch. When haplochromines were rare (&nbsp;1995&nbsp;), Nile perch switched from an invertebrate-dominated diet to piscivory at a large size (&nbsp;30 cm total length&nbsp;). In 2000, however, Nile perch were strongly piscivorous by 5&ndash;10 cm total length. The pattern of faunal loss and recovery in Lake Nabugabo demonstrates the importance of refugia in providing the seeds of resurgence and provides a model with which to understand some changes in Lake Victoria.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1523-1739.2003.01519.x","usgsCitation":"Chapman, L., Chapman, C.A., Schofield, P., Olowo, J., Kaufman, L., Seehausen, O., and Ogutu-Ohwayo., R., 2003, Fish faunal resurgence in Lake Nabugabo, East Africa: Conservation Biology, v. 17, no. 2, p. 500-511, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2003.01519.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"500","endPage":"511","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132556,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-03-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5f07c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapman, L.J.","contributorId":89487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapman, Colin A.","contributorId":90678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Colin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schofield, P. J. 0000-0002-8752-2797","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8752-2797","contributorId":80215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schofield","given":"P. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Olowo, J.P.","contributorId":77888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olowo","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kaufman, L.S.","contributorId":73548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaufman","given":"L.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Seehausen, O.","contributorId":99513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seehausen","given":"O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ogutu-Ohwayo., R.","contributorId":53341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ogutu-Ohwayo.","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":1008615,"text":"1008615 - 2003 - Large carnivores response to recreational big game hunting along the Yellowstone National Park and Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness boundary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-10T12:23:01","indexId":"1008615","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large carnivores response to recreational big game hunting along the Yellowstone National Park and Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness boundary","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem contains the rare combination of an intact guild of native large carnivores, their prey, and differing land management policies (National Park versus National Forest; no hunting versus hunting). Concurrent field studies on large carnivores allowed us to investigate activities of humans and carnivores on Yellowstone National Park's (YNP) northern boundary. Prior to and during the backcountry big-game hunting season, we monitored movements of grizzly bears (<i>Ursus arctos</i>), wolves (<i>Canis</i> <i>lupus</i>), and cougars (<i>Puma concolor</i>) on the northern boundary of YNP. Daily aerial telemetry locations (September 1999), augmented with weekly telemetry locations (August and October 1999), were obtained for 3 grizzly bears, 7 wolves in 2 groups of 1 pack, and 3 cougars in 1 family group. Grizzly bears were more likely located inside the YNP boundary during the pre-hunt period and north of the boundary once hunting began. The cougar family tended to be found outside YNP during the pre-hunt period and moved inside YNP when hunting began. Wolves did not significantly change their movement patterns during the pre-hunt and hunting periods. Qualitative information on elk (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>) indicated they moved into YNP once hunting started, suggesting that cougars followed living prey or responded to hunting activity, grizzly bears focused on dead prey (e.g., gut piles, crippled elk), and wolves may have taken advantage of both. Measures of association (Jacob's Index) were positive within carnivore species but inconclusive among species. Further collaborative research and the use of new technologies such as Global Positioning System (GPS) telemetry collars will advance our ability to understand these species, the carnivore community and its interactions, and human influences on carnivores.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","usgsCitation":"Ruth, T., Smith, D., Haroldson, M., Buotte, P., Schwartz, C., Quigley, H., Cherry, S., Tyres, D., and Frey, K., 2003, Large carnivores response to recreational big game hunting along the Yellowstone National Park and Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness boundary: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 31, no. 4, p. 1150-1161.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1150","endPage":"1161","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131061,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269040,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3784463"}],"volume":"31","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a90fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruth, T.E.","contributorId":52468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruth","given":"T.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, D.W.","contributorId":24726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haroldson, M.A. 0000-0002-7457-7676","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7457-7676","contributorId":108047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haroldson","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Buotte, P.C.","contributorId":105480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buotte","given":"P.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schwartz, C.C.","contributorId":33658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Quigley, H.B.","contributorId":15325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quigley","given":"H.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cherry, S.","contributorId":50480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherry","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Tyres, D.","contributorId":46384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tyres","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Frey, K.","contributorId":106837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frey","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":1015292,"text":"1015292 - 2003 - A nested-intensity design for surveying plant diversity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-30T18:03:12","indexId":"1015292","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1006,"text":"Biodiversity and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A nested-intensity design for surveying plant diversity","docAbstract":"<p>Managers of natural landscapes need cost-efficient, accurate, and precise systems to inventory plant diversity. We investigated a nested-intensity sampling design to assess local and landscape-scale heterogeneity of plant species richness in aspen stands in southern Colorado, USA. The nested-intensity design used three vegetation sampling techniques: the Modified-Whittaker, a 1000-m<sup>2</sup> multiple-scale plot (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">n</i> = 8); a 100-m<sup>2</sup> multiple-scale Intensive plot (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">n</i> = 15); and a 100-m<sup>2</sup> single-scale Extensive plot (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">n</i> = 28). The large Modified-Whittaker plot (1000 m<sup>2</sup>) recorded greater species richness per plot than the other two sampling techniques (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">P</i> &lt; 0.001), estimated cover of a greater number of species in 1-m<sup>2</sup> subplots (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">P</i> &lt; 0.018), and captured 32 species missed by the smaller, more numerous 100-m<sup>2</sup> plots of the other designs. The Intensive plots extended the environmental gradient sampled, capturing 17 species missed by the other techniques, and improved species–area calculations. The greater number of Extensive plots further expanded the gradient sampled, and captured 18 additional species. The multi-scale Modified-Whittaker and Intensive designs allowed quantification of the slopes of species–area curves in the single-scale Extensive plots. Multiple linear regressions were able to predict the slope of species–area curves (adj <i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.64, <i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">P</i> &lt; 0.001) at each Extensive plot, allowing comparison of species richness at each sample location. Comparison of species–accumulation curves generated with each technique suggested that small, single-scale plot techniques might be very misleading because they underestimate species richness by missing locally rare species at every site. A combination of large and small multi-scale and single-scale plots greatly improves our understanding of native and exotic plant diversity patterns.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1021939010065","usgsCitation":"Barnett, D., and Stohlgren, T., 2003, A nested-intensity design for surveying plant diversity: Biodiversity and Conservation, v. 12, no. 2, p. 255-278, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021939010065.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"278","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132536,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ade30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnett, D.T.","contributorId":99504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnett","given":"D.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stohlgren, T.J.","contributorId":7217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1015306,"text":"1015306 - 2003 - Soil characteristics and plant exotic species invasions in the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument, Utah, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-30T18:01:31","indexId":"1015306","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":846,"text":"Applied Soil Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil characteristics and plant exotic species invasions in the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument, Utah, USA","docAbstract":"<p>The Grand Staircase - Escalante National Monument (GSENM) contains a rich diversity of native plant communities. However, many exotic plant species have become established, potentially threatening native plant diversity. We sought to quantify patterns of native and exotic plant species and cryptobiotic crusts (mats of lichens, algae, and mosses on the soil surface), and to examine soil characteristics that may indicate or predict exotic species establishment and success. We established 97 modified-Whittaker vegetation plots in 11 vegetation types over a 29,000&nbsp;ha area in the Monument. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and multiple linear regressions were used to quantify relationships between soil characteristics and associated native and exotic plant species richness and cover. CCA showed that exotic species richness was significantly (<i>P</i>&lt;0.05) associated with soil P (<i>r</i>=0.84), percentage bare ground (<i>r</i>=0.71), and elevation (<i>r</i>=0.67). Soil characteristics alone were able to predict 41 and 46% of the variation in exotic species richness and cover, respectively. In general, exotic species invasions tend to occur in fertile soils relatively high in C, N and P. These areas are represented by rare mesic high-elevation habitats that are rich in native plant diversity. This suggests that management should focus on the protection of the rare but important vegetation types with fertile soils.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0929-1393(02)00108-7","usgsCitation":"Bashkin, M.A., Stohlgren, T.J., Otsuki, Y., Lee, M., Evangelista, P.H., and Belnap, J., 2003, Soil characteristics and plant exotic species invasions in the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument, Utah, USA: Applied Soil Ecology, v. 22, no. 1, p. 67-77, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0929-1393(02)00108-7.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"77","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132949,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699fbd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bashkin, Michael A.","contributorId":93439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bashkin","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stohlgren, Thomas J. 0000-0001-9696-4450 stohlgrent@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9696-4450","contributorId":2902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"Thomas","email":"stohlgrent@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":322832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Otsuki, Yuka","contributorId":23107,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Otsuki","given":"Yuka","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee, Michelle","contributorId":139628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Michelle","affiliations":[{"id":461,"text":"Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":322836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Evangelista, Paul H.","contributorId":195492,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evangelista","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":322835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":1015333,"text":"1015333 - 2003 - Multiple pathways for woody plant establishment on floodplains at local to regional scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-26T10:27:13","indexId":"1015333","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2242,"text":"Journal of Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multiple pathways for woody plant establishment on floodplains at local to regional scales","docAbstract":"<p>1. The structure and functioning of riverine ecosystems is dependent upon regional setting and the interplay of hydrologic regime and geomorphologic processes. We used a retrospective analysis to study recruitment along broad, alluvial valley segments (parks) and canyon segments of the unregulated Yampa River and the regulated Green River in the upper Colorado River basin, USA. We precisely aged 811 individuals of <i>Populus deltoides</i> ssp. <i>wislizenii</i> (native) and <i>Tamarix ramosissima</i> (exotic) from 182 wooded patches and determined the elevation and character of the germination surface for each. We used logistic regression to relate recruitment events (presence or absence of cohort) to five flow and two weather parameters.</p><p><br><span class=\"bullet\">2. </span>Woody plant establishment occurred via multiple pathways at patch, reach and segment scales. Recruitment occurred through establishment on (1) vertically accreting bars in the unregulated alluvial valley, (2) high alluvial floodplain surfaces during rare large flood events, (3) vertically accreting channel margin deposits in canyon pools and eddies, (4) vertically accreting intermittent/abandoned channels, (5) low elevation gravel bars and debris fans in canyons during multi-year droughts, and (6) bars and channels formed prior to flow regulation on the dammed river during controlled flood events.</p><p><br><span class=\"bullet\">3. </span>The Yampa River's peak flow was rarely included in models estimating the likelihood that recruitment would occur in any year. Flow variability and the interannual pattern of flows, rather than individual large floods, control most establishment.</p><p><br><span class=\"bullet\">4. </span>Regulation of the Green River flow since 1962 has had different effects on woody vegetation recruitment in canyons and valleys. The current regime mimics drought in a canyon setting, accelerating <i>Tamarix</i> invasion whereas in valleys the ongoing geomorphic adjustment of the channel, combined with reduced flow variability, has nearly eliminated <i>Populus</i> establishment<i>.</i></p><p><br><span class=\"bullet\">5. </span>A single year's flow or a particular pattern of flows over a sequence of years, whether natural or man-made, produces different recruitment opportunities in alluvial and canyon reaches, in diverse landforms within a particular river reach, and for <i>Populus</i> and <i>Tamarix</i>. The design of flows to restore riparian ecosystems must consider these multiple pathways and adjust the seasonal timing, magnitude and interannual frequency of flows to match the desired outcome.<br><br></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00766.x","usgsCitation":"Cooper, D., Andersen, D., and Chimner, R.A., 2003, Multiple pathways for woody plant establishment on floodplains at local to regional scales: Journal of Ecology, v. 91, no. 2, p. 182-196, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00766.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"182","endPage":"196","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478422,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.2003.00766.x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":133185,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"91","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698b55","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cooper, D.J.","contributorId":89489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Andersen, D.C.","contributorId":19119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":322911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chimner, Rodney A.","contributorId":53346,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chimner","given":"Rodney","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17860,"text":"Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":322912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1016279,"text":"1016279 - 2003 - Gyrfalcon feeding behavior during the nestling period in central west Greenland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-11T16:30:43.911513","indexId":"1016279","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":894,"text":"Arctic","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gyrfalcon feeding behavior during the nestling period in central west Greenland","docAbstract":"<p><span>We studied gyrfalcon (</span><i>Falco rusticolus</i><span>) food delivery and feeding behavior during the nestling period in central West Greenland during the 2000 and 2001 field seasons. We used time-lapse video cameras installed at three nests to record 2677.25 hours of nestling video. Ptarmigan delivered to nests were usually plucked prior to delivery and included the breast and superior thoracic vertebrae. Arctic hare leverets were rarely plucked and often delivered in parts. The most commonly delivered leveret part was the hind legs attached to the lower back. Passerines were rarely plucked and usually delivered whole. After feeding the young, adults removed 20.9% of prey items from the nest, which included items both with and without obvious muscle still attached. Prey delivery rates were similar among nests and increased as nestlings aged. Prey delivery frequency peaked in the morning and evening, with a distinct lull in the late evening and early morning hours. Male and female adults delivered a similar number of prey, though males typically delivered smaller prey than females. Gyrfalcons cached and re-delivered at least 9.1% of all items delivered, and one item was cached and retrieved three times.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Arctic Institute of North America","doi":"10.14430/arctic631","usgsCitation":"Booms, T., and Fuller, M.R., 2003, Gyrfalcon feeding behavior during the nestling period in central west Greenland: Arctic, v. 56, no. 4, p. 341-348, https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic631.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"341","endPage":"348","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486973,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic631","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":132724,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648735","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Booms, Travis","contributorId":55785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Booms","given":"Travis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, Mark R. 0000-0001-7459-1729 mark_fuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7459-1729","contributorId":2296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Mark","email":"mark_fuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1016393,"text":"1016393 - 2003 - Combining inferences from models of capture efficiency, detectability, and suitable habitat to classify landscapes for conservation of threatened bull trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-27T15:07:51.484634","indexId":"1016393","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Combining inferences from models of capture efficiency, detectability, and suitable habitat to classify landscapes for conservation of threatened bull trout","docAbstract":"<p><span>Effective&nbsp;</span>conservation<span>&nbsp;efforts for at-risk species require knowledge of the locations of existing populations. Species presence can be estimated directly by conducting field-sampling surveys or alternatively by developing predictive&nbsp;</span>models<span>. Direct surveys can be expensive and inefficient, particularly for rare and difficult-to-sample species, and&nbsp;</span>models<span>&nbsp;of species presence may produce biased predictions. We present a Bayesian approach that combines sampling and&nbsp;</span>model<span>-based&nbsp;</span>inferences<span>&nbsp;for estimating species presence. The accuracy and cost-effectiveness of this approach were compared to those of sampling surveys and predictive&nbsp;</span>models<span>&nbsp;for estimating the presence of the&nbsp;</span>threatened<span>&nbsp;</span>bull<span>&nbsp;</span>trout<span>&nbsp;(Salvelinus confluentus) via simulation with existing&nbsp;</span>models<span>&nbsp;and empirical sampling data. Simulations indicated that a sampling-only approach would be the most effective and would result in the lowest presence and absence misclassification error rates for three thresholds of detection probability. When sampling effort was considered, however, the combined approach resulted in the lowest error rates per unit of sampling effort. Hence, lower probability-of-detection thresholds can be specified with the combined approach, resulting in lower misclassification error rates and improved cost-effectiveness.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Conservation Biology","doi":"10.1046/j.1523-1739.2003.01579.x","usgsCitation":"Peterson, J., and Dunham, J., 2003, Combining inferences from models of capture efficiency, detectability, and suitable habitat to classify landscapes for conservation of threatened bull trout: Conservation Biology, v. 17, no. 4, p. 1070-1077, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2003.01579.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1070","endPage":"1077","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387470,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-07-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae701","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, J.","contributorId":77874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunham, J. B. 0000-0002-6268-0633","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-0633","contributorId":96637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"J. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70024595,"text":"70024595 - 2003 - Supra-subduction zone extensional magmatism in Vermont and adjacent Quebec: Implications for early Paleozoic Appalachian tectonics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:13","indexId":"70024595","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Supra-subduction zone extensional magmatism in Vermont and adjacent Quebec: Implications for early Paleozoic Appalachian tectonics","docAbstract":"Metadiabasic intrusions of the Mount Norris Intrusive Suite occur in fault-bounded lithotectonic packages containing Stowe, Moretown, and Cram Hill Formation lithologies in the northern Vermont Rowe-Hawley belt, a proposed Ordovician arc-trench gap above an east-dipping subduction zone. Rocks of the Mount Norris Intrusive Suite are characteristically massive and weakly foliated, have chilled margins, contain xenoliths, and have sharp contacts that both crosscut and are parallel to early structural fabrics in the host metasedimentary rocks. Although the mineral assemblage of the Mount Norris Intrusive Suite is albite + actinolite + epidote + chlorite + calcite + quartz, intergrowths of albite + actinolite are probably pseudomorphs after plagioclase + clinopyroxene. The metadiabases are subalkaline, tholeiitic, hypabyssal basalts with preserved ophitic texture. A backarc-basin tectonic setting for the intrusive suite is suggested by its LREE (light rare earth element) enrichment, negative Nb-Ta anomalies, and Ta/Yb vs. Th/Yb trends. Although no direct isotopic age data are available, the intrusions are broadly Ordovician because their contacts are clearly folded by the earliest Acadian (Silurian-Devonian) folds. Field evidence and geochemical data suggest compelling along-strike correlations with the Coburn Hill Volcanics of northern Vermont and the Bolton Igneous Group of southern Quebec. Isotopic and stratigraphic age constraints for the Bolton Igneous Group bracket these backarc magmas to the 477-458 Ma interval. A tectonic model that begins with east-dipping subduction and progresses to outboard west-dipping subduction after a syncollisional polarity reversal best explains the intrusion of deformed metamorphosed metasedimentary rocks by backarc magmas.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/B25343.1","issn":"00167606","usgsCitation":"Kim, J., Coish, R., Evans, M., and Dick, G., 2003, Supra-subduction zone extensional magmatism in Vermont and adjacent Quebec: Implications for early Paleozoic Appalachian tectonics: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 115, no. 12, p. 1552-1569, https://doi.org/10.1130/B25343.1.","startPage":"1552","endPage":"1569","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207713,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B25343.1"},{"id":232879,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"115","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9f84e4b08c986b31e63b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kim, J.","contributorId":9813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coish, R.","contributorId":104672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coish","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evans, M.","contributorId":21730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dick, G.","contributorId":9429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dick","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":401825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70024717,"text":"70024717 - 2003 - Dynamics of peat accumulation and marl flat formation in a calcareous fen, midwestern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:07","indexId":"70024717","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dynamics of peat accumulation and marl flat formation in a calcareous fen, midwestern United States","docAbstract":"The age and sequence of peat accumulation were investigated at a calcareous fen in northeastern Illinois, USA. The purpose of this study was to identify the processes that form and sustain marl flats, which are areas of marl or tufa substrate within the fen that contain numerous rare plant species. Geomorphic, stratigraphic, and radiocarbon evidence was used to establish the processes and chronology of peat accumulation and erosion adjacent to each marl flat. The age of the base of the peat deposit varies greatly throughout the fen, ranging from 14,679 calibrated years before present (cal. years BP) to nearly modern, indicating that colonization of the sand and gravel substrate by peat occurred throughout the period from the Late Pleistocene to present. Adjacent to one marl flat, trends in basal peat age and thickness show that peat accumulation has progressed laterally inward from both sides, suggesting that the marl flat has been infilling with peat progressively by accumulation at the margins since at least 5,370 cal. years BP or longer. A second marl flat in the fen is surrounded by older, thick peat of differing ages on either edge and is bounded by fresh scarps, indicating that the marl flat currently is expanding laterally by erosion into the preexisting peat blanket. These two examples suggest a continuously repeating process, where erosion of the accumulated peat blanket forms a marl flat, which is later covered by peat accumulation. Trends in basal peat age elsewhere in the fen suggest that other marl flats may have existed in the past that have been completely infilled with peat. This study suggests that marl flat formation is a natural process that has been occurring for millennia, continuously creating habitat for the rare plant species that occupy marl flats. There is no evidence that the marl flats at this site are indicative of anthropogenic disturbance, so that management options for these areas are limited to maintaining the quality and quantity of ground-water discharge that supports both peat formation and erosion. ?? 2003, The Society of Wetland Scientists.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"02775212","usgsCitation":"Miner, J., and Ketterling, D., 2003, Dynamics of peat accumulation and marl flat formation in a calcareous fen, midwestern United States: Wetlands, v. 23, no. 4, p. 950-960.","startPage":"950","endPage":"960","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233205,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0436e4b0c8380cd5085e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miner, J.J.","contributorId":20513,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miner","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ketterling, D.B.","contributorId":90504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ketterling","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70024860,"text":"70024860 - 2003 - Impacts of Daily Bag Limit Reductions on Angler Effort in Wisconsin Walleye Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:08","indexId":"70024860","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of Daily Bag Limit Reductions on Angler Effort in Wisconsin Walleye Lakes","docAbstract":"Angler effort is an important factor affecting recreational fisheries. However, angler responses are rarely incorporated into recreational fisheries regulations or predictions. Few have attempted to examine how daily bag limit regulations affect total angling pressure and subsequent stock densities. Our paper develops a theoretical basis for predicting angler effort and harvest rate based on stock densities and bag limit regulations. We examined data from a management system that controls the total exploitation of walleyes Sander vitreus (formerly Stizostedion vitreum) in northern Wisconsin lakes and compared these empirical results with the predictions from a theoretical effort and harvest rate response model. The data indicated that higher general angler effort occurs on lakes regulated with a 5-walleye daily limit than on lakes regulated with either a 2- or 3-walleye daily limit. General walleye catch rates were lower on lakes with a 5-walleye limit than on lakes with either a 2- or 3-walleye daily limit. An effort response model predicted a logarithmic relationship between angler effort and adult walleye density and that an index of attractiveness would be greater on lakes with high bag limits. Predictions from the harvest rate model with constant walleye catchability indicated that harvest rates increased nonlinearly with increasing density. When the effort model was fitted to data from northern Wisconsin, we found higher lake attractiveness at 5-walleye-limit lakes. We conclude that different groups of anglers respond differently to bag limit changes and that reliance on daily bag limits may not be sufficient to maintain high walleye densities in some lakes in this region.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1577/M01-227AM","issn":"02755947","usgsCitation":"Beard, T., Cox, S., and Carpenter, S., 2003, Impacts of Daily Bag Limit Reductions on Angler Effort in Wisconsin Walleye Lakes: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 23, no. 4, p. 1283-1293, https://doi.org/10.1577/M01-227AM.","startPage":"1283","endPage":"1293","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207897,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M01-227AM"},{"id":233179,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a38dce4b0c8380cd616f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beard, T.D. Jr.","contributorId":100160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beard","given":"T.D.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cox, S.P.","contributorId":42759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"S.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carpenter, S.R.","contributorId":84534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":402892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70024924,"text":"70024924 - 2003 - A 16,000 14C yr B.P. packrat midden series from the USA-Mexico Borderlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:05","indexId":"70024924","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A 16,000 14C yr B.P. packrat midden series from the USA-Mexico Borderlands","docAbstract":"A new packrat midden chronology from Playas Valley, southwestern New Mexico, is the first installment of an ongoing effort to reconstruct paleovegetation and paleoclimate in the U.S.A.-Mexico Borderlands. Playas Valley and neighboring basins supported pluvial lakes during full and/or late glacial times. Plant macrofossil and pollen assemblages from nine middens in the Playas Valley allow comparisons of two time intervals: 16,000-10,000 and 4000-0 14C yr B.P. Vegetation along pluvial lake margins consisted of open pinyon-juniper communities dominated by Pinus edulis, Juniperus scopulorum, Juniperus cf. coahuilensis, and a rich understory of C4 annuals and grasses. This summer-flowering understory is also characteristic of modern desert grassland in the Borderlands and indicates at least moderate summer precipitation. P. edulis and J. scopulorum disappeared or were rare in the midden record by 10,670 14C yr B.P. The late Holocene is marked by the arrival of Chihuahuan desert scrub elements and few departures as the vegetation gradually became modern in character. Larrea tridentata appears as late as 2190 14C yr B.P. based on macrofossils, but may have been present as early as 4095 14C yr B.P. based on pollen. Fouquieria splendens, one of the dominant desert species present at the site today, makes its first appearance only in the last millennium. The midden pollen assemblages are difficult to interpret; they lack modern analogs in surface pollen assemblages from stock tanks at different elevations in the Borderlands. ?? 2003 University of Washington. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/j.yqres.2003.08.001","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Holmgren, C., Penalba, M., Rylander, K., and Betancourt, J., 2003, A 16,000 14C yr B.P. packrat midden series from the USA-Mexico Borderlands: Quaternary Research, v. 60, no. 3, p. 319-329, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2003.08.001.","startPage":"319","endPage":"329","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207790,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2003.08.001"},{"id":233004,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e2c0e4b0c8380cd45c07","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holmgren, C.A.","contributorId":19692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmgren","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Penalba, M.C.","contributorId":80462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Penalba","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rylander, K.A.","contributorId":58414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rylander","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Betancourt, J.L. 0000-0002-7165-0743","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":87505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"J.L.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":403140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70025030,"text":"70025030 - 2003 - Recent and historical distributions of Canada lynx in Maine and the Northeast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-22T17:47:18.091752","indexId":"70025030","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2898,"text":"Northeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent and historical distributions of Canada lynx in Maine and the Northeast","docAbstract":"<p><span>The contiguous United States population of Canada lynx (</span><span class=\"genus-species\">Lynx canadensis</span><span>&nbsp;Kerr) is listed as threatened under the federal Endangered Species Act. However, the historic distribution of lynx in the Northeast is poorly understood. We used museum records, bibliographic records, and interviews to reconstruct the past distribution of lynx in Maine, which is at the current southern limit of the species' distribution in the eastern United States. We found a total of 118 records, representing at least 509 lynx in Maine. Lynx were observed throughout Maine, 1833–1912, with the exception of coastal areas. After 1913, lynx were most common in the forests of western and northern Maine, and absent to rare along the coast, but had not returned to southern Maine by 1999. Thirty-nine kittens representing at least 21 litters were distributed throughout northern and western Maine, 1864–1999. Populations apparently fluctuated, and in some years 200–300 lynx were harvested in Maine. Prior to the 1900s, lynx were much more widely distributed in the Northeast, ranging from Pennsylvania north into Quebec. Because Canada lynx have had a long presence in northern New England, and at times were relatively common, this species merits serious consideration in conservation planning in this region.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1656/1092-6194(2003)010[0363:RAHDOC]2.0.CO;2","issn":"10926194","usgsCitation":"Hoving, C., Joseph, R., and Krohn, W., 2003, Recent and historical distributions of Canada lynx in Maine and the Northeast: Northeastern Naturalist, v. 10, no. 4, p. 363-382, https://doi.org/10.1656/1092-6194(2003)010[0363:RAHDOC]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"382","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":388319,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United  States","otherGeospatial":"Northeast United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -69.12597656249999,\n              47.45780853075031\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.09277343749999,\n              46.437856895024204\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.015625,\n              45.336701909968134\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.5869140625,\n              44.96479793033101\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.619140625,\n              45.02695045318546\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.9697265625,\n              43.48481212891603\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.453125,\n              42.4234565179383\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.1015625,\n              41.96765920367816\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.2783203125,\n              42.032974332441405\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.740234375,\n              40.51379915504413\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.60937499999999,\n              41.07935114946899\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.236328125,\n              43.61221676817573\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.9287109375,\n              44.902577996288876\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.8955078125,\n              47.27922900257082\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.12597656249999,\n              47.45780853075031\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a95e5e4b0c8380cd81cd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoving, C.L.","contributorId":32333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoving","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Joseph, R.A.","contributorId":69331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Joseph","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krohn, W.B.","contributorId":64355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krohn","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025136,"text":"70025136 - 2003 - Recovery of prairie fish assemblages at the transition from channelized to nonchannelized: Implications for conservation of natural channels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-21T16:34:46","indexId":"70025136","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2821,"text":"Natural Areas Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recovery of prairie fish assemblages at the transition from channelized to nonchannelized: Implications for conservation of natural channels","docAbstract":"<p>Fish assemblages were systematically sampled along the transition from channelized to unchannelized reaches in seven streams in northern Missouri, USA. Streams ranged in size from 4th to 8th order and were located in the Central Dissected Till Plains including the Grand, Chariton, Salt, and Fabius watersheds. Maximum species richness was reached 3-5 km downstream from the end of channelization. A limited core group of 10 species was present at most of the sites (channelized and unchannelized locations), and a diverse group of 45 species was present at relatively few sites (rarely channelized locations). The core group consisted largely of tolerant, omnivorous species and contained no top carnivores. The 45-species diverse group included a greater proportion of intolerant, benthic invertivorous, lithophilous, and carnivorous species. The effect of channelization extended well into unchannelized reaches and should be considered by conservation planners.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Natural Areas Association","issn":"08858608","usgsCitation":"Vokoun, J.C., and Rabeni, C.F., 2003, Recovery of prairie fish assemblages at the transition from channelized to nonchannelized: Implications for conservation of natural channels: Natural Areas Journal, v. 23, no. 4, p. 349-355.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"349","endPage":"355","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236025,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":327127,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263844443_Recovery_of_Prairie_Fish_Assemblages_at_the_Transition_from_Channelized_to_Nonchannelized_Implications_for_Conservation_of_Natural_Channels"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","county":"Chariton County, Gentry County, Lewis County, Macon County, Marion County, Shelby County, Sullivan County","otherGeospatial":"Grand River, Locust Creek, Mussel Fork, North Fabius River, North Fork Salt River, South Fabius River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -94.910888671875,\n              40.04443758460859\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.910888671875,\n              40.588928169693745\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.273681640625,\n              40.588928169693745\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.273681640625,\n              40.04443758460859\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.910888671875,\n              40.04443758460859\n            ]\n          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F.","contributorId":34804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rabeni","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":403960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025156,"text":"70025156 - 2003 - Hyperpycnal sediment discharge from semiarid southern California rivers: Implications for coastal sediment budgets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:27","indexId":"70025156","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hyperpycnal sediment discharge from semiarid southern California rivers: Implications for coastal sediment budgets","docAbstract":"Southern California rivers discharge hyperpycnal (river density greater than ocean density) concentrations of suspended sediment (>40 g/L, according to buoyancy theory) during flood events, mostly during El Nin??o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) conditions. Because hyperpycnal river discharge commonly occurs during brief periods (hours to occasionally days), mean daily flow statistics often do not reveal the magnitude of these events. Hyperpycnal events are particularly important in rivers draining the Transverse Range and account for 75% of the cumulative sediment load discharged by the Santa Clara River over the past 50 yr. These events are highly pulsed, totaling only ??? 30 days (??? 0.15% of the total 50 yr period). Observations of the fate of sediment discharge, although rare, are consistent with hyperpycnal river dynamics and the high likelihood of turbidity currents during these events. We suggest that much of the sediment load initially bypasses the littoral circulation cells and is directly deposited on the adjacent continental shelf, thus potentially representing a loss of immediate beach sand supply. During particularly exceptional events (>100 yr recurrence intervals), flood underflows may extend past the shelf and escape to offshore basins.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1130/G19671.1","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Warrick, J., and Milliman, J., 2003, Hyperpycnal sediment discharge from semiarid southern California rivers: Implications for coastal sediment budgets: Geology, v. 31, no. 9, p. 781-784, https://doi.org/10.1130/G19671.1.","startPage":"781","endPage":"784","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209387,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G19671.1"},{"id":235767,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a37b8e4b0c8380cd610dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warrick, J.A.","contributorId":53503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Milliman, John D.","contributorId":76735,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milliman","given":"John D.","affiliations":[{"id":6706,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":404035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025172,"text":"70025172 - 2003 - The history of dinosaur footprint discoveries in Wyoming with emphasis on the Bighorn Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-06T15:33:54","indexId":"70025172","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1965,"text":"Ichnos: An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces","onlineIssn":"1563-5236","printIssn":"1042-0940","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The history of dinosaur footprint discoveries in Wyoming with emphasis on the Bighorn Basin","docAbstract":"<p><span>Dinosaur traces are well known from the western United States in the Colorado Plateau region (Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona). Utah contains the greatest abundance of known and documented dinosaur footprints and trackways. Far less well known, however, is the occurrence and distribution of dinosaur footprint-bearing horizons in Wyoming. Scientific studies over the past 10 years have shown that three of the four Middle and Upper Jurassic formations in northern Wyoming contain dinosaur footprints. Two of the footprint-bearing horizons are located in geologic intervals that were once thought to have been deposited in offshore to nearshore marine settings and represent rare North American examples of Middle Jurassic (Bajocian and Bathonian) dinosaur remains. Some of these new Wyoming sites can be correlated to known dinosaur footprint-bearing horizons or intervals in Utah. Wyoming has a great potential for additional discoveries of new dinosaur footprint-bearing horizons, and further prospecting and study is warranted and will ultimately lead to a much better understanding of the geographic distribution and behavior of the potential footprint-makers.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10420940490428823","usgsCitation":"Kvale, E.P., Mickelson, D.L., Hasiotis, S.T., and Johnson, G.D., 2003, The history of dinosaur footprint discoveries in Wyoming with emphasis on the Bighorn Basin: Ichnos: An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces, v. 11, no. 1-2, p. 3-9, https://doi.org/10.1080/10420940490428823.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":236028,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Bighorn Basin","volume":"11","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bacbde4b08c986b3236e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kvale, Erik P.","contributorId":29090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvale","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mickelson, Debra L.","contributorId":29987,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mickelson","given":"Debra","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6713,"text":"University of Colorado, Boulder CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":404098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hasiotis, Stephen T","contributorId":194072,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hasiotis","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"T","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Gary D.","contributorId":29672,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16179,"text":"Dartmouth College, Hanover NH","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":404097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70025183,"text":"70025183 - 2003 - Survey methods for assessing land cover map accuracy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:28","indexId":"70025183","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1573,"text":"Environmental and Ecological Statistics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survey methods for assessing land cover map accuracy","docAbstract":"The increasing availability of digital photographic materials has fueled efforts by agencies and organizations to generate land cover maps for states, regions, and the United States as a whole. Regardless of the information sources and classification methods used, land cover maps are subject to numerous sources of error. In order to understand the quality of the information contained in these maps, it is desirable to generate statistically valid estimates of accuracy rates describing misclassification errors. We explored a full sample survey framework for creating accuracy assessment study designs that balance statistical and operational considerations in relation to study objectives for a regional assessment of GAP land cover maps. We focused not only on appropriate sample designs and estimation approaches, but on aspects of the data collection process, such as gaining cooperation of land owners and using pixel clusters as an observation unit. The approach was tested in a pilot study to assess the accuracy of Iowa GAP land cover maps. A stratified two-stage cluster sampling design addressed sample size requirements for land covers and the need for geographic spread while minimizing operational effort. Recruitment methods used for private land owners yielded high response rates, minimizing a source of nonresponse error. Collecting data for a 9-pixel cluster centered on the sampled pixel was simple to implement, and provided better information on rarer vegetation classes as well as substantial gains in precision relative to observing data at a single-pixel.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental and Ecological Statistics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1023/A:1025107023980","issn":"13528505","usgsCitation":"Nusser, S., and Klaas, E., 2003, Survey methods for assessing land cover map accuracy: Environmental and Ecological Statistics, v. 10, no. 3, p. 309-331, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025107023980.","startPage":"309","endPage":"331","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209338,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1025107023980"},{"id":235651,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba28ae4b08c986b31f79b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nusser, S.M.","contributorId":49302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nusser","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klaas, Erwin E.","contributorId":21487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaas","given":"Erwin E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70025189,"text":"70025189 - 2003 - Ord's kangaroo rats living in floodplain habitats: Factors contributing to habitat attraction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:28","indexId":"70025189","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3451,"text":"Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ord's kangaroo rats living in floodplain habitats: Factors contributing to habitat attraction","docAbstract":"High densities of an aridland granivore, Ord's kangaroo rat (Dipodomys ordii), have been documented in floodplain habitats along the Yampa River in northwestern Colorado. Despite a high probability of inundation and attendant high mortality during the spring flood period, the habitat is consistently recolonized. To understand factors that potentially make riparian habitats attractive to D. ordii, we compared density and spatial pattern of seeds, density of a competitor (western harvester ant, Pogonomyrmex occidentalis), and digging energetics within floodplain habitats and between floodplain and adjacent upland habitats. Seed density within the floodplain was greatest in the topographically high (rarely flooded) floodplain and lowest immediately after a spring flood in the topographically low (frequently flooded) floodplain. Seed densities in adjacent upland habitat that never floods were higher than the lowest floodplain habitat. In the low floodplain prior to flooding, seeds had a clumped spatial pattern, which D. ordii is adept at exploiting; after spring flooding, a more random pattern resulted. Populations of the western harvester ant were low in the floodplain relative to the upland. Digging by D. ordii was energetically less expensive in floodplain areas than in upland areas. Despite the potential for mortality due to annual spring flooding, the combination of less competition from harvester ants and lower energetic costs of digging might promote the use of floodplain habitat by D. ordii.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southwestern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1894/0038-4909(2003)048<0411:OKRLIF>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00384909","usgsCitation":"Miller, M.S., Wilson, K., and Andersen, D., 2003, Ord's kangaroo rats living in floodplain habitats: Factors contributing to habitat attraction: Southwestern Naturalist, v. 48, no. 3, p. 411-418, https://doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909(2003)048<0411:OKRLIF>2.0.CO;2.","startPage":"411","endPage":"418","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209372,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909(2003)048<0411:OKRLIF>2.0.CO;2"},{"id":235727,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6f31e4b0c8380cd759b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, M. S.","contributorId":69107,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, K.R.","contributorId":73961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andersen, D.C.","contributorId":19119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025196,"text":"70025196 - 2003 - Age constraints on Tarkwaian palaeoplacer and lode-gold formation in the Tarkwa-Damang district, SW Ghana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:28","indexId":"70025196","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2746,"text":"Mineralium Deposita","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age constraints on Tarkwaian palaeoplacer and lode-gold formation in the Tarkwa-Damang district, SW Ghana","docAbstract":"Two major epigenetic gold-forming events are recorded in the world-class gold province of southwest Ghana. A pre-Tarkwaian event was the source of the world-class Tarkwa palaeoplacers whereas post-Birimian and Tarkwaian deformation, which was related to the Eburnean orogeny, gave rise to the world-class (e.g. Prestea) to giant (e.g. Obuasi) orogenic gold deposits which have made the region famous for more than 2,500 years. A maximum age of 2133 ?? 4 Ma for Tarkwaian sedimentation is provided by 71 of 111 concordant SHRIMP II U Pb dates from detrital zircons in Tarkwaian clastic rocks from Damang and Bippo Bin, northeast of Tarkwa. The overall data distribution broadly overlaps the relatively poorly constrained ages of Birimian volcanism and associated Dixcove-type granitoid emplacement, indicating syntectonic development of the Tarkwaian sedimentary basin. These zircon ages argue against derivation of the palaeoplacer gold from an orogenic gold source related to the compressional phase of an orogeny significantly older than the Eburnean orogeny. Instead, they suggest that the gold source was either orogenic gold lodes related to an earlier compressional phase of a diachronous Eburnean orogeny or ca. 2200-2100 Ma intrusion-related gold lode. The CO2-rich fluid inclusions in associated vein-quartz pebbles are permissive of either source. At the Damang deposit, an epigenetic, orogenic lode-gold system clearly overprinted, and sulphidised low-grade palaeoplacer hematite magnetite gold occurrences in the Banket Series conglomerate within the Tarkwaian sedimentary sequence. Gold mineralisation is demonstrably post-peak metamorphism, as gold-related alteration assemblages overprint metamorphic assemblages in host rocks. In alteration zones surrounding the dominant, subhorizontal auriferous quartz veins, there are rare occurrences of hydrothermal xenotime which give a SHRIMP U Pb age of 2063 ?? 9 Ma for gold mineralisation. The similar structural timing of epigenetic gold mineralisation in Tarkwaian host rocks at Damang to that in mainly Birimian host rocks elsewhere in southwest Ghana, particularly at Obuasi, suggests that 2063 ?? 9 Ma is the best available age estimate for widespread orogenic gold mineralisation in the region. Argon-argon ages of 2029 ?? 4 and 2034 ?? 4 Ma for hydrothermal biotite from auriferous quartz veins appear to represent uplift and cooling of the region below about 300??C, as estimates of the temperature of gold mineralisation are higher, at around 400??C. If peak metamorphism, with temperatures of about 550??C, is assumed to have occurred at about 2100 Ma, the biotite ages, in combination with the xenotime age, suggest a broadly constant uplift rate for the region of about 1 km per 10 million years from about 2100 to 2025 Ma.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mineralium Deposita","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s00126-003-0360-5","issn":"00264598","usgsCitation":"Pigois, J., Groves, D., Fletcher, I., McNaughton, N., and Snee, L., 2003, Age constraints on Tarkwaian palaeoplacer and lode-gold formation in the Tarkwa-Damang district, SW Ghana: Mineralium Deposita, v. 38, no. 6, p. 695-714, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-003-0360-5.","startPage":"695","endPage":"714","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":235844,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":209420,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00126-003-0360-5"}],"volume":"38","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2003-05-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e8e6e4b0c8380cd47f69","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pigois, J.-P.","contributorId":12251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pigois","given":"J.-P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Groves, D.I.","contributorId":73616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groves","given":"D.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fletcher, I.R.","contributorId":99346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fletcher","given":"I.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McNaughton, N.J.","contributorId":55606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNaughton","given":"N.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Snee, L.W.","contributorId":99981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snee","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70025256,"text":"70025256 - 2003 - The distribution of uranium over Europe: Geological and environmental significance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:29","indexId":"70025256","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3632,"text":"Transactions of the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Applied Earth Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The distribution of uranium over Europe: Geological and environmental significance","docAbstract":"The variation of baseline levels of uranium in soil and stream sediments over Europe is described, based on new data prepared by the Forum of European Geological Surveys (FOREGS). The samples have been collected and analysed according to the protocols established for the International Union of Geological Sciences/International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry (IUGS/IAGC) Working Group on Global Geochemical Baselines. The baseline levels of U vary between 0??21 to 53 mg kg-1 in topsoils, 0??19 to 30 mg kg-1 in subsoils and < 1 to 59 mg kg-1 in stream sediments. There is generally good agreement between the levels of U in the three sample types, and the median concentration in all three media is approximately 2 mg kg-1. The most anomalous baseline levels occur over the Variscan orogen, especially areas into which late post-orogenic radiothermal high heat production (HHP) granites were emplaced. Spiderdiagrams based on trace element levels and rare earth element (REE) plots, confirm the association between the highest U anomalies and evolved radiothermal granites. High values are also associated with parts of the Alpine terrain especially in Slovenia, where there are historical U workings, and Southern Italy, where high values of U reflect contemporary volcanism. In contrast, much of the Caledonides of North West Europe and the Precambrian of the Baltic Shield and East European craton and its overlying sedimentary cover have very low values, generally < 4 mg kg-1. The results suggest that the main concern for the environment and human health from U, and the Th and K with which it is generally associated, is the naturally occurring total gamma radiation and radon potential associated with radiothermal granites. This is likely to be especially important where the granites are mineralised and have been worked historically, for example in the North West of the Iberian Peninsula where U and its decay products are likely to be more dispersed in the surface environment. The study also indicates the value of multi-element data in distinguishing between anthropogenic and naturally occurring anomalies.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Applied Earth Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1179/037174503225003152","issn":"03717453","usgsCitation":"Plant, J., Reeder, S., Salminen, R., Smith, D.B., Tarvainen, T., de Vivo, B., and Petterson, M., 2003, The distribution of uranium over Europe: Geological and environmental significance: Transactions of the Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Applied Earth Science, v. 112, no. 3, p. 221-238, https://doi.org/10.1179/037174503225003152.","startPage":"221","endPage":"238","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209357,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1179/037174503225003152"},{"id":235692,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-07-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baadee4b08c986b322a80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plant, J.A.","contributorId":84137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reeder, S.","contributorId":38340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeder","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Salminen, R.","contributorId":85763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Salminen","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, D. B. davidsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":12840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D.","email":"davidsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tarvainen, T.","contributorId":105504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tarvainen","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"de Vivo, B.","contributorId":50549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"de Vivo","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Petterson, M.G.","contributorId":90518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petterson","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70025283,"text":"70025283 - 2003 - Microparasite assemblages of conspecific shrew populations in Southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:58","indexId":"70025283","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2414,"text":"Journal of Parasitology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microparasite assemblages of conspecific shrew populations in Southern California","docAbstract":"The microparasite component communities of 2 species of shrews, Notiosorex crawfordi and Sorex ornatus, were investigated for the first time in 2 isolated and 3 continuous landscapes in southern California. With microscopical examination, a total of 6 parasite species was found in N. crawfordi and 8 species in S. ornatus. The highest number (5) of parasite species was detected in the lungs. The corrected estimate of parasite species richness did not significantly correlate with the host abundance in either shrew species. Altitude, and also latitude in N. crawfordi, appeared to be significantly positively associated with the parasite species richness, but this could be due to a false association because of the rare occurrence of some of the parasites or the small altitude range (or both). No other landscape variable analyzed (location, size of the study site, disturbance) was significantly associated with the parasite species richness of the shrews. The parasite assemblages of the 2 shrew species were similar despite the fact that N. crawfordi has a lower metabolic rate than S. ornatus.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Parasitology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1645/GE-3180","issn":"00223395","usgsCitation":"Laakkonen, J., Fisher, R., and Case, T.J., 2003, Microparasite assemblages of conspecific shrew populations in Southern California: Journal of Parasitology, v. 89, no. 6, p. 1153-1158, https://doi.org/10.1645/GE-3180.","startPage":"1153","endPage":"1158","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":503812,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zotero.org/groups/5435545/items/A9FCUW25","text":"External Repository"},{"id":209537,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1645/GE-3180"},{"id":236107,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5697e4b0c8380cd6d6b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Laakkonen, J.","contributorId":81450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laakkonen","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":51675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":404604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Case, T. J.","contributorId":77078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Case","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70025312,"text":"70025312 - 2003 - Simulation of Submarine Ground Water Discharge to a Marine Estuary: Biscayne Bay, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:28","indexId":"70025312","displayToPublicDate":"2003-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2003","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulation of Submarine Ground Water Discharge to a Marine Estuary: Biscayne Bay, Florida","docAbstract":"Variable density ground water flow models are rarely used to estimate submarine ground water discharge because of limitations in computer speed, data availability, and availability of a simulation tool that can minimize numerical dispersion. This paper presents an application of the SEAWAT code, which is a combined version of MODFLOW and MT3D, to estimate rates of submarine ground water discharge to a coastal marine estuary. Discharge rates were estimated for Biscayne Bay, Florida, for the period from January 1989 to September 1998 using a three-dimensional, variable density ground water flow and transport model. Hydrologic stresses in the 10-layer model include recharge, evapotranspiration, ground water withdrawals from municipal wellfields, interactions with surface water (canals in urban areas and wetlands in the Everglades), boundary fluxes, and submarine ground water discharge to Biscayne Bay. The model was calibrated by matching ground water levels in monitoring wells, baseflow to canals, and the position of the 1995 salt water intrusion line. Results suggest that fresh submarine ground water discharge to Biscayne Bay may have exceeded surface water discharge during the 1989, 1990, and 1991 dry seasons, but the average discharge for the entire simulation period was only ???10% of the surface water discharge to the bay. Results from the model also suggest that tidal canals intercept fresh ground water that might otherwise have discharged directly to Biscayne Bay. This application demonstrates that regional scale variable density models are potentially useful tools for estimating rates of submarine ground water discharge.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2003.tb02417.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Langevin, C., 2003, Simulation of Submarine Ground Water Discharge to a Marine Estuary: Biscayne Bay, Florida: Ground Water, v. 41, no. 6, p. 758-771, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2003.tb02417.x.","startPage":"758","endPage":"771","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":209475,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2003.tb02417.x"},{"id":235964,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9007e4b08c986b319294","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langevin, C.D.","contributorId":25976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langevin","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":404722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}