Borehole geophysical logs, heatpulse-flowmeter measurements, and aquifer-isolation tests were used to characterize the ground-water-flow system at the AIW Frank/Mid-County Mustang Superfund Site. The site is underlain by fractured carbonate rocks. Caliper, natural-gamma, single-point-resistance, fluid-resistivity, and fluid-temperature logs were run in six wells, and an acoustic borehole televiewer and borehole deviation log was run in one well. The direction and rate of borehole-fluid movement was measured with a high-resolution heatpulse flowmeter for both nonpumping and pumping conditions in four wells. The heatpulse-flowmeter measurements showed flow within the borehole during nonpumping conditions in three of the four wells tested. Flow rates up to 1.4 gallons per minute were measured. Flow was upward in one well and both upward and downward in two wells. Aquifer-isolation (packer) tests were conducted in four wells to determine depth-discrete specific capacity values, to obtain depth-discrete water samples, and to determine the effect of pumping an individual fracture or fracture zone in one well on water levels in nearby wells. Water-level data collected during aquifer-isolation tests were consistent with and confirmed interpretations of borehole geophysical logs and heatpulse-flowmeter measurements. Seven of the 13 fractures identified as water-producing or water-receiving zones by borehole geophysical methods produced water at a rate equal to or greater than 7.5 gallons per minute when isolated and pumped. The specific capacities of isolated fractures range over three orders of magnitude, from 0.005 to 7.1 gallons per minute per foot. Vertical distribution of specific capacity between land surface and 298 feet below land surface is not related to depth. The four highest specific capacities, in descending order, are at depths of 174-198, 90-92, 118-119, and 34-37 feet below land surface.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri014004","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Sloto, R.A., 2001, Evaluation of borehole geophysical logs and hydraulic tests, phase III, at AIW Frank/Mid-County Mustang Superfund Site, Chester County, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4004, vi, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014004.","productDescription":"vi, 33 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123924,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4004/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":2918,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4004/wri20014004.pdf","text":"Report","size":"706 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 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Pennsylvania Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
215 Limekiln Road
New Cumberland, PA 17070
Total coliform and Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria were analyzed in ground water sampled from 78 private household-supply wells as part of a study by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection to evaluate the relation between well construction characteristics and the occurrence of bacteria in ground water. Sampling was done in eight counties in south-central and southeastern Pennsylvania from September 2000 to March 2001. All samples were collected from wells in close proximity to agricultural land-use areas.
Total coliform bacteria were found in water from 62 percent (48 of 78) of the wells, and bacteria were just as likely to be found in sanitary wells (grouted/loose-fitting well cap or grouted/sanitary sealed well cap) as in nonsanitary wells (nongrouted/ loose-fitting well cap). The areas underlain by carbonate bedrock had the highest percentages of total coliform detected (about 75 percent). Nearly half of the samples collected in the areas underlain by noncarbonate bedrock also were found to have total coliform present. E. coli bacteria were found in water from 10 percent of the wells. Seventeen percent of the samples that were positive for total coliform also were positive for E. coli. The presence of E. coli bacteria was more likely in water from nonsanitary wells. Additionally, the presence of E. coli bacteria was more likely in ground water from wells underlain by carbonate bedrock. A further breakdown of the data into four groups on the basis of sanitary construction and bedrock type indicated the presence of E. coli was more likely in water from nonsanitary wells in areas underlain by carbonate bedrock.
Statistical analysis of other well-construction characteristics that might relate to occurrence of bacteria showed that the presence of total coliform bacteria was related to the depth to water-bearing zone in both sanitary and nonsanitary wells in areas underlain by carbonate bedrock. Relations also are present between the presence of total coliform bacteria and casing length in nonsanitary wells in areas underlain by noncarbonate bedrock. Bacteria were found in wells both with and without insects observed on the underside of the well cap. Because of the small number of wells sampled that had sanitary sealed caps, it is uncertain whether installation of sanitary sealed well caps would reduce the incidence of bacteria in ground water from wells or if the presence of bacteria is because of a combination of well-construction characteristics or aquifer-wide contamination of limited or broad areal extent.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri014206","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection Bureau of Water Supply and Wastewater Management","usgsCitation":"Zimmerman, T.M., Zimmerman, M.L., and Lindsey, B., 2001, Relation between selected well-construction characteristics and occurrence of bacteria in private household-supply wells, south-central and southeastern Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4206, iv, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014206.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":420809,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_44621.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":2947,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4206/wri20014206.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2001-4206"},{"id":159955,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4206/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.5,\n 40.75\n ],\n [\n -77.5,\n 39.708\n ],\n [\n -75.25,\n 39.708\n ],\n [\n -75.25,\n 40.75\n ],\n [\n -77.5,\n 40.75\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Pennsylvania Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
215 Limekiln Road
New Cumberland, PA 17070
The possibility of a systematic change in flood potential led to an investigation of trends in the magnitude of annual peak flows in Kansas. Efficient design of highway bridges and other flood-plain structures depends on accurate understanding of flood characteristics. The Kendall's tau test was used to identify trends at 40 stream-gaging stations during the 40-year period 1958–97. Records from 13 (32 percent) of the stations showed significant trends at the 95-percent confidence level. Only three of the records (8 percent) analyzed had increasing trends, whereas 10 records (25 percent) had decreasing trends, all of which were for stations located in the western one-half of the State. An analysis of flow volume using mean annual discharge at 29 stations in Kansas resulted in 6 stations (21 percent) with significant trends in flow volumes. All six trends were decreasing and occurred in the western one-half of the State.
The Kendall's tau test also was used to identify peak-flow trends over the entire period of record for 54 stream-gaging stations in Kansas. Of the 23 records (43 percent) showing significant trends, 16 (30 percent) were decreasing, and 7 (13 percent) were increasing. The trend test then was applied to 30-year periods moving in 5-year increments to identify time periods within each station record when trends were occurring.
Systematic changes in precipitation patterns and long-term declines in ground-water levels in some stream basins may be contributing to peak-flow trends. To help explain the cause of the streamflow trends, the Kendall's tau test was applied to total annual precipitation and ground-water levels in Kansas. In western Kansas, the lack of precipitation and presence of decreasing trends in ground-water levels indicated that declining water tables are contributing to decreasing trends in peak streamflow. Declining water tables are caused by ground-water withdrawals and other factors such as construction of ponds and terraces.
Peak-flow records containing trends introduce statistical error into flood-frequency analysis. To examine the effect of trends on flood-frequency analysis, statistically significant trends were added systematically to four nontrending station records. Flood magnitudes estimated on the basis of each data series were compared. The added trends resulted in changes in the 100-year flood magnitudes of as much as 70 percent.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri014203","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Kansas Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Rasmussen, T.J., and Perry, C.A., 2001, Trends in peak flows of selected streams in Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4203, Report: vi, 62 p.; 2 Additional Report Pieces, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014203.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 62 p.; 2 Additional Report Pieces","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159954,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4203/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":401972,"rank":6,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4203/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":362181,"rank":5,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report 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U.S. Geological Survey
1217 Biltmore Drive
Lawrence, KS 66049
Three borehole flowmeters and hydrophysical logging were used to measure ground-water flow in carbonate bedrock at sites in southeastern Indiana and on the west-central border of Kentucky and Tennessee. The three flowmeters make point measurements of the direction and magnitude of horizontal flow, and hydrophysical logging measures the magnitude of horizontal flowover an interval. The directional flowmeters evaluated include a horizontal heat-pulse flowmeter, an acoustic Doppler velocimeter, and a colloidal borescope flowmeter. Each method was used to measure flow in selected zones where previous geophysical logging had indicated water-producing beds, bedding planes, or other permeable features that made conditions favorable for horizontal-flow measurements.
Background geophysical logging indicated that ground-water production from the Indiana test wells was characterized by inflow from a single, 20-foot-thick limestone bed. The Kentucky/Tennessee test wells produced water from one or more bedding planes where geophysical logs indicated the bedding planes had been enlarged by dissolution. Two of the three test wells at the latter site contained measurable vertical flow between two or more bedding planes under ambient hydraulic head conditions.
Field measurements and data analyses for each flow-measurement technique were completed by a developer of the technology or by a contractor with extensive experience in the application of that specific technology. Comparison of the horizontal-flow measurements indicated that the three point-measurement techniques rarely measured the same velocities and flow directions at the same measurement stations. Repeat measurements at selected depth stations also failed to consistently reproduce either flow direction, flow magnitude, or both. At a few test stations, two of the techniques provided similar flow magnitude or direction but usually not both. Some of this variability may be attributed to naturally occurring changes in hydraulic conditions during the 1-month study period in August and September 1999. The actual velocities and flow directions are unknown; therefore, it is uncertain which technique provided the most accurate measurements of horizontal flow in the boreholes and which measurements were most representative of flow in the aquifers.
The horizontal heat-pulse flowmeter consistently yielded flow magnitudes considerably less than those provided by the acoustic Doppler velocimeter and colloidal borescope. The design of the horizontal heat-pulse flowmeter compensates for the local acceleration of ground-water velocity in the open borehole. The magnitude of the velocities estimated from the hydrophysical logging were comparable to those of the horizontal heat-pulse flowmeter, presumably because the hydrophysical logging also effectively compensates for the effect of the borehole on the flow field and averages velocity over a length of borehole rather than at a point. The acoustic Doppler velocimeter and colloidal borescope have discrete sampling points that allow for measuring preferential flow velocities that can be substantially higher than the average velocity through a length of borehole. The acoustic Doppler velocimeter and colloidal borescope also measure flow at the center of the borehole where the acceleration of the flow field should be greatest.
Of the three techniques capable of measuring direction and magnitude of horizontal flow, only the acoustic Doppler velocimeter measured vertical flow. The acoustic Doppler velocimeter consistently measured downward velocity in all test wells. This apparent downward flow was attributed, in part, to particles falling through the water column as a result of mechanical disturbance during logging. Hydrophysical logging yielded estimates of vertical flow in the Kentucky/Tennessee test wells. In two of the test wells, the hydrophysical logging involved deliberate isolation of water-producing bedding planes with a packer to ensure that small horizontal flow could be quantified without the presence of vertical flow. The presence of vertical flow in the Kentucky/Tennessee test wells may preclude the definitive measurement of horizontal flow without the use of effective packer devices. None of the point-measurement techniques used a packer, but each technique used baffle devices to help suppress the vertical flow. The effectiveness of these baffle devices is not known; therefore, the effect of vertical flow on the measurements cannot be quantified.
The general lack of agreement among the point-measurement techniques in this study highlights the difficulty of using measurements at a single depth point in a borehole to characterize the average horizontal flow in a heterogeneous aquifer. The effective measurement of horizontal flow may depend on the precise depth at which measurements are made, and the measurements at a given depth may vary over time as hydraulic head conditions change. The various measurements also demonstrate that the magnitude and possibly the direction of horizontal flow are affected by the presence of the open borehole. Although there is a lack of agreement among the measurement techniques, these results could mean that effective characterization of horizontal flow in heterogeneous aquifers might be possible if data from many depth stations and from repeat measurements can be averaged over an extended time period. Complications related to vertical flow in the borehole highlights the importance of using background logging methods like vertical flowmeters or hydrophysical logging to characterize the borehole environment before horizontal-flow measurements are attempted. If vertical flow is present, a packer device may be needed to acquire definitive measurements of horizontal flow.
Because hydrophysical logging provides a complete depth profile of the borehole, a strength of this technique is in identifying horizontal- and vertical-flow zones in a well. Hydrophysical logging may be most applicable as a screening method. Horizontal- flow zones identified with the hydrophysical logging then could be evaluated with one of the point-measurement techniques for quantifying preferential flow zones and flow directions.
Additional research is needed to determine how measurements of flow in boreholes relate to flow in bedrock aquifers. The flowmeters may need to be evaluated under controlled laboratory conditions to determine which of the methods accurately measure ground-water velocities and flow directions. Additional research also is needed to investigate variations in flow direction with time, daily changes in velocity, velocity corrections for fractured bedrock aquifers and unconsolidated aquifers, and directional differences in individual wells for hydraulically separated flow zones.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri014139","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Environmental Center, Environmental Restoration Division","usgsCitation":"Wilson, J.T., Mandell, W.A., Paillet, F.L., Bayless, E.R., Hanson, R.T., Kearl, P.M., Kerfoot, W.B., Newhouse, M.W., and Pedler, W.H., 2001, An evaluation of borehole flowmeters used to measure horizontal ground-water flow in limestones of Indiana, Kentucky, and Tennessee, 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4139, Report: ix, 129 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014139.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 129 p.","numberOfPages":"139","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":2922,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4139","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":161477,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4139/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":358653,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4139/wri20014139.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.03 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2001-4139"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee","contact":"Director, Indiana Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5957 Lakeside Blvd.
Indianapolis, IN 46278
Potential errors were derived for individual discharge measurements and stage-discharge relations for 17 streamflow-gaging stations in Maricopa County. Information presented primarily consists of stage and discharge data that were used to develop the stage-discharge relations that were in effect for water year 1998. Accuracy of the discharge measurements directly relate to accuracy of the stage-discharge relation developed for each site. Stage-discharge relations generally are developed using direct measurements of stage and discharge, indirect measurements of peak discharge, and theoretical weir and culvert computations. Accuracy of current-meter measurements of discharge (direct measurements) depends on factors such as the number of subsections in the measurement, stability of the channel, changes in flow conditions, and accuracy of the equipment. Accuracy of indirect measurements of peak discharge is determined by the accuracy of discharge coefficients and flow type selected for the computations. The accuracy of indirect peak-discharge computations generally is less than the accuracy associated with current-meter measurements.
\nCurrent-meter measurements, indirect measurements of discharge, weir and culvert computations, and step-backwater computations are graphically represented on plots of the stage-discharge relations. Potential errors associated with the discharge measurements at selected sites are depicted as error bars on the plots.
\nPotential errors derived for discharge measurements at 17 sites range from 5 to 25 percent. Errors generally are greater for measurements of large flows in channels having unstable controls using indirect methods.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Tucson, AZ","doi":"10.3133/wri004224","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Flood Control District of Maricopa County","usgsCitation":"Tillery, A.C., Phillips, J.V., and Capesius, J.P., 2001, Potential errors associated with stage-discharge relations for selected streamflow-gaging stations, Maricopa County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4224, vi, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004224.","productDescription":"vi, 47 p.","numberOfPages":"54","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":288400,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":288399,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4224/report.pdf"}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Lambert Conformal Conic projection","country":"United States","state":"Arizona","county":"Maricopa County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.0,32.5 ], [ -113.0,34.0 ], [ -111.5,34.0 ], [ -111.5,32.5 ], [ -113.0,32.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db683860","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tillery, Anne C. 0000-0002-9508-7908 atillery@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9508-7908","contributorId":2549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillery","given":"Anne","email":"atillery@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phillips, Jeff V.","contributorId":50510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Jeff","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Capesius, Joseph P. capesius@usgs.gov","contributorId":698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capesius","given":"Joseph","email":"capesius@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":204423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":31354,"text":"ofr9920E - 2001 - Stratigraphic section and selected semiquantitative chemistry, Meade Peak phosphatic shale member of Permian Phosphoria Formation, central part of Rasmussen Ridge, Caribou County, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-05T18:25:20.837742","indexId":"ofr9920E","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-20","chapter":"E","title":"Stratigraphic section and selected semiquantitative chemistry, Meade Peak phosphatic shale member of Permian Phosphoria Formation, central part of Rasmussen Ridge, Caribou County, Idaho","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has studied the Permian Phosphoria Formation in southeastern Idaho and the entire Western U.S. Phosphate Field throughout much of the twentieth century. In response to a request by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management, a new series of resource, geological, and geoenvironmental studies was undertaken by the USGS in 1998. To accomplish these studies, the USGS has formed cooperative research relationships with two Federal agencies, the Bureau of Land Management and the U.S. Forest Service, tasked with land management and resource conservation on public lands; and with five private companies currently leasing or developing phosphate resources in southeastern Idaho. The companies are Agrium U.S. Inc. (Rasmussen Ridge mine) , Astaris LLC (Dry Valley mine), Rhodia Inc. (Wooley Valley mine, inactive), J.R. Simplot Company (Smoky Canyon mine), and Monsanto Co. (Enoch Valley mine). Some of the mineralogical research associated with this project is supported through a cooperative agreement with the Department of Geology and Geological Enginee ring, University of Idaho. Present studies consist of integrated, multidisciplinary research directed toward (1) resource and reserve estimations of phosphate in selected 7.5-minute quadrangles; (2) elemental residence, mineralogical and petrochemical characteristics; (3) mobilization and reaction pathways, transport, and fate of potentially toxic elements associated with the occurrence, development, and societal use of phosphate; (4) geophysical signatures; and (5) improving the understanding of deposit origin. Because raw data acquired during the project will require time to interpret, the data are released in open-file reports for prompt availability to other workers. Open-file reports associated with this series of studies are submitted to each of the Federal and industry cooperators for comment; however, the USGS is solely responsible for the data contained in the reports.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr9920E","usgsCitation":"Grauch, R., Tysdal, R.G., Johnson, E.A., Herring, J., and Desborough, G.A., 2001, Stratigraphic section and selected semiquantitative chemistry, Meade Peak phosphatic shale member of Permian Phosphoria Formation, central part of Rasmussen Ridge, Caribou County, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-20, 1 Plate: 36.00 x 48.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9920E.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 36.00 x 48.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160789,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":416782,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_45797.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":3019,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/ofr-99-0020-e/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","county":"Caribou","otherGeospatial":"Rasmussen Ridge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.424,\n 42.89\n ],\n [\n -111.424,\n 42.874\n ],\n [\n -111.402,\n 42.874\n ],\n [\n -111.402,\n 42.89\n ],\n [\n -111.424,\n 42.89\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629c1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grauch, R. I. 0000-0002-1763-0813","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1763-0813","contributorId":107698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"R. I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tysdal, R. G.","contributorId":8823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tysdal","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, E. A.","contributorId":87893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Herring, J. R.","contributorId":43348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herring","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Desborough, G. A.","contributorId":34527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Desborough","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":31405,"text":"ofr01290 - 2001 - Geologic map and digital database of the San Rafael Mtn. 7.5-minute quadrangle, Santa Barbara County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-27T13:31:50.152959","indexId":"ofr01290","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-290","title":"Geologic map and digital database of the San Rafael Mtn. 7.5-minute quadrangle, Santa Barbara County, California","docAbstract":"Geologic mapping of the San Rafael Primitive Area (now the San Rafael Wilderness) by Gower and others (1966) and Vedder and others (1967) did not include all of the San Rafael Mtn. quadrangle, and the part that was mapped was done in reconnaissance fashion. To help resolve some of the structural and stratigraphic ambiguities of the earlier mapping and to complete the mapping of the quadrangle, additional field work was done during short intervals in 1980 and 1981 and from 1996 to 1998. Contacts within the belt of Franciscan rocks at the southwestern corner of the quadrangle were generalized from the detailed map by Wahl (1998).\n\nBecause extensive areas were inaccessible owing to impenetrable chaparral, observations from several helicopter overflights (1965, 1980, 1981) and interpretations from aerial photographs were used as compilation aids. Consequently, some of the depicted contacts and faults are highly inferential, particularly within the Upper Cretaceous rocks throughout the middle part of the quadrangle.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr01290","usgsCitation":"Vedder, J.G., Stanley, R.G., Graham, S.E., and Valin, Z., 2001, Geologic map and digital database of the San Rafael Mtn. 7.5-minute quadrangle, Santa Barbara County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-290, Report: 22 p.; 1 Plate: 48.00 x 36.00 inches; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01290.","productDescription":"Report: 22 p.; 1 Plate: 48.00 x 36.00 inches; Metadata","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160363,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr01290.gif"},{"id":282687,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0290/srm.tar.gz","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":282684,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0290/pdf/srm_expl.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":282683,"rank":5,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0290/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":282686,"rank":6,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0290/srm_met.txt","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":282685,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0290/pdf/srm.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":391296,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_43747.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":282688,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0290/srm.ps.gz","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Polyconic projection","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Santa Barbara County","otherGeospatial":"San Rafael Mtn. 7.5-minute quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -119.875,34.625 ], [ -119.875,34.75 ], [ -119.75,34.75 ], [ -119.75,34.625 ], [ -119.875,34.625 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adee4b07f02db68751d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vedder, John G.","contributorId":89553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vedder","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanley, Richard G. 0000-0001-6192-8783 rstanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-8783","contributorId":1832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Richard","email":"rstanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Graham, S. E.","contributorId":100025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Valin, Z. C. 0000-0001-6199-6700","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6199-6700","contributorId":75165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valin","given":"Z. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":31356,"text":"ofr99130 - 2001 - Geologic map of the Lockwood Valley Quadrangle, Ventura County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:07","indexId":"ofr99130","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-130","title":"Geologic map of the Lockwood Valley Quadrangle, Ventura County, California","docAbstract":"The Lockwood Valley quadrangle is located in the western Transverse Ranges of California, about 10 km southwest of Frazier Park. It includes the western flank of Frazier Mountain, southern Lockwood Valley, and a region of the Los Padres National Forest near northern Piru Creek.\r\n\r\n The oldest rocks are mostly biotite augen gneiss, in the hanging wall of the Frazier Mountain thrust and in a large body south of the thrust. A U-Pb zircon age for the gneiss is 1690+5 Ma (W. Premo, unpublished data). Two Cretaceous intrusive rocks are named the quartz monzonite of Sheep Creek and the coarse-grained granodiorite of Lockwood Peak. A U-Pb zircon age on the latter is 76.05+0.22 Ma (W. Premo, unpublished data).\r\n\r\n The northeastern edge of a large Eocene marine basin, comprising the sandstones, shales, and conglomerates of the Juncal Formation, occupies the southwestern 25 percent of the quadrangle. Miocene fluvial rocks, including coarse boulder conglomerates, sandstones, and shale, of the Caliente Formation crop out mostly in the northwestern part of the quadrangle. Commercially exploitable Lockwood Clay unconformably overlies the Caliente, which, in turn, is overlain by the mostly fluvial Pliocene Quatal Formation.\r\n\r\n Two major south-directed thrusts, the Frazier Mountain thrust and the South Frazier Mountain thrust, place crystalline rocks over Miocene and Pliocene sedimentary rocks. The South Frazier Mountain thrust is transected by the newly recognized, north-directed Lockwood Peak reverse fault. In addition, the newly recognized south-directed Yellowjacket thrust displaces rocks of the Pliocene Quatal Formation.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr99130","usgsCitation":"Kellogg, K., 2001, Geologic map of the Lockwood Valley Quadrangle, Ventura County, California (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-130, 8 p., 1 over-size sheet., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99130.","productDescription":"8 p., 1 over-size sheet.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":110151,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_34849.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"34849"},{"id":160931,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3021,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/ofr-99-0130/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afbe4b07f02db6963a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kellogg, Karl S.","contributorId":89896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"Karl S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":31357,"text":"ofr00173 - 2001 - Computer program for simulation of variable recharge with the U. S. Geological Survey modular finite-difference ground-water flow model (MODFLOW)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:07","indexId":"ofr00173","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-173","title":"Computer program for simulation of variable recharge with the U. S. Geological Survey modular finite-difference ground-water flow model (MODFLOW)","docAbstract":"The Variable-Recharge Package is a\r\ncomputerized method designed for use with the\r\nU.S. Geological Survey three-dimensional finitedifference\r\nground-water flow model\r\n(MODFLOW-88) to simulate areal recharge to an\r\naquifer. It is suitable for simulations of aquifers in\r\nwhich the relation between ground-water levels\r\nand land surface can affect the amount and\r\ndistribution of recharge. The method is based on\r\nthe premise that recharge to an aquifer cannot\r\noccur where the water level is at or above land\r\nsurface. Consequently, recharge will vary\r\nspatially in simulations in which the Variable-\r\nRecharge Package is applied, if the water levels\r\nare sufficiently high. The input data required by\r\nthe program for each model cell that can\r\npotentially receive recharge includes the average\r\nland-surface elevation and a quantity termed\r\n?water available for recharge,? which is equal to\r\nprecipitation minus evapotranspiration.\r\nThe Variable-Recharge Package also can\r\nbe used to simulate recharge to a valley-fill\r\naquifer in which the valley fill and the adjoining\r\nuplands are explicitly simulated. Valley-fill\r\naquifers, which are the most common type of\r\naquifer in the glaciated northeastern United\r\nStates, receive much of their recharge from\r\nupland sources as channeled and(or) unchanneled\r\nsurface runoff and as lateral ground-water flow.\r\nSurface runoff in the uplands is generated in the\r\nmodel when the applied water available for\r\nrecharge is rejected because simulated water\r\nlevels are at or above land surface. The surface\r\nrunoff can be distributed to other parts of the\r\nmodel by (1) applying the amount of the surface\r\nrunoff that flows to upland streams (channeled\r\nrunoff) to explicitly simulated streams that flow\r\nonto the valley floor, and(or) (2) applying the\r\namount that flows downslope toward the valley-\r\nfill aquifer (unchanneled runoff) to specified\r\nmodel cells, typically those near the valley wall.\r\nAn example model of an idealized valley-\r\nfill aquifer is presented to demonstrate application\r\nof the method and the type of information that can\r\nbe derived from its use. Documentation of the\r\nVariable-Recharge Package is provided in the\r\nappendixes and includes listings of model code\r\nand of program variables. Comment statements in\r\nthe program listings provide a narrative of the\r\ncode. Input-data instructions and printed model\r\noutput for the package are included.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr00173","usgsCitation":"Kontis, A., 2001, Computer program for simulation of variable recharge with the U. S. Geological Survey modular finite-difference ground-water flow model (MODFLOW): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-173, vi, 75 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00173.","productDescription":"vi, 75 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":3022,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://ny.water.usgs.gov/pubs/of/of00173/OF00-173.pdf ","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":160932,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0173/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59769,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0173/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b19e4b07f02db6a781d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kontis, A.L.","contributorId":69542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kontis","given":"A.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":31363,"text":"ofr200155 - 2001 - Evaluation of the location and recency of faulting near prospective surface facilities in Midway Valley, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-01T19:59:25.772334","indexId":"ofr200155","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-55","title":"Evaluation of the location and recency of faulting near prospective surface facilities in Midway Valley, Nye County, Nevada","docAbstract":"Evaluation of surface faulting that may pose a hazard to prospective surface facilities is an important element of the tectonic studies for the potential Yucca Mountain high-level radioactive waste repository in southwestern Nevada. For this purpose, a program of detailed geologic mapping and trenching was done to obtain surface and near-surface geologic data that are essential for determining the location and recency of faults at a prospective surface-facilities site located east of Exile Hill in Midway Valley, near the eastern base of Yucca Mountain. The dominant tectonic features in the Midway Valley area are the north- to northeast-trending, west-dipping normal faults that bound the Midway Valley structural block-the Bow Ridge fault on the west side of Exile Hill and the Paint-brush Canyon fault on the east side of the valley. Trenching of Quaternary sediments has exposed evidence of displacements, which demonstrate that these block-bounding faults repeatedly ruptured the surface during the middle to late Quaternary. Geologic mapping, subsurface borehole and geophysical data, and the results of trenching activities indicate the presence of north- to northeast-trending faults and northwest-trending faults in Tertiary volcanic rocks beneath alluvial and colluvial sediments near the prospective surface-facilities site. North to northeast-trending faults include the Exile Hill fault along the eastern base of Exile Hill and faults to the east beneath the surficial deposits of Midway Valley. These faults have no geomorphic expression, but two north- to northeast-trending zones of fractures exposed in excavated profiles of middle to late Pleistocene deposits at the prospective surface-facilities site appear to be associated with these faults. Northwest-trending faults include the West Portal and East Portal faults, but no disruption of Quaternary deposits by these faults is evident. The western zone of fractures is associated with the Exile Hill fault. The eastern zone of fractures is within Quaternary alluvial sediments, but no bedrock was encountered in trenches and soil pits in this part of the prospective surface facilities site; thus, the direct association of this zone with one or more bedrock faults is uncertain. No displacement of lithologic contacts and soil horizons could be detected in the fractured Quaternary deposits. The results of these investigations imply the absence of any appreciable late Quaternary faulting activity at the prospective surface-facilities site.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr200155","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Nevada Operations Office, U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Swan, F., Wesling, J., Angell, M.M., Thomas, A.P., Whitney, J., and Gibson, J.D., 2001, Evaluation of the location and recency of faulting near prospective surface facilities in Midway Valley, Nye County, Nevada (Version 1.0.): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-55, vi, 66 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr200155.","productDescription":"vi, 66 p.","costCenters":[{"id":226,"text":"Earth Science Investigations Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9824,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/bridge/servlets/purl/771112-GgLvJI/native/771112.PDF","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":9822,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/bridge/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=771112","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":402880,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46523.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Nye County","otherGeospatial":"Midway Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.4389,\n 36.8431\n ],\n [\n -116.4208,\n 36.8431\n ],\n [\n -116.4208,\n 36.8611\n ],\n [\n -116.4389,\n 36.8611\n ],\n [\n -116.4389,\n 36.8431\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa5ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swan, F. H.","contributorId":71982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swan","given":"F. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wesling, J. R.","contributorId":34163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wesling","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Angell, M. M.","contributorId":72428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angell","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thomas, A. P.","contributorId":33743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Whitney, J.W.","contributorId":27437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitney","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gibson, J. D.","contributorId":37783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":31365,"text":"ofr2001124 - 2001 - Principal facts for gravity data along the Hayward fault and vicinity, San Francisco Bay area, northern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-27T12:29:47.914855","indexId":"ofr2001124","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-124","title":"Principal facts for gravity data along the Hayward fault and vicinity, San Francisco Bay area, northern California","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) established over 940 gravity stations along the Hayward fault and vicinity. The Hayward fault, regarded as one of the most hazardous faults in northern California (Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities, 1999), extends for about 90 km from Fremont in the southeast to San Pablo Bay in the northwest. The Hayward fault is predominantly a right-lateral strike-slip fault that forms the western boundary of the East Bay Hills. These data and associated physical property measurement were collected as part of on-going studies to help determine the earthquake hazard potential of major faults within the San Francisco Bay region. Gravity data were collected between latitude 37°30' and 38°15' N and longitude 121°45' and 122°30' W. Gravity stations were located on the following 7.5 minute quadrangles: Newark, Niles, San Leandro, Hayward, Dublin, Oakland West, Oakland East, Las Trampas Ridge, Diablo, Richmond, Briones Valley, Walnut Creek, and Clayton. All data were ultimately tied to primary gravity base station Menlo Park A, located on the campus of the U.S. Geological Survey in Menlo Park, Calif. (latitude 37°27.34' N, longitude 122°10.18' W, observed gravity value 979944.27 mGal).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr2001124","usgsCitation":"Ponce, D.A., 2001, Principal facts for gravity data along the Hayward fault and vicinity, San Francisco Bay area, northern California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-124, Report: 25 p.; Digital Data; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2001124.","productDescription":"Report: 25 p.; Digital Data; Metadata","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160976,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr2001124.jpg"},{"id":12806,"rank":5,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0124/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":282083,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0124/of01-124_metadata.met.txt","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":282081,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0124/pdf/of01-124.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":282082,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0124/of01-124_data.zip","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.5,37.5 ], [ -122.5,38.25 ], [ -121.75,38.25 ], [ -121.75,37.5 ], [ -122.5,37.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db668097","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ponce, David A. 0000-0003-4785-7354 ponce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4785-7354","contributorId":1049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponce","given":"David","email":"ponce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":31368,"text":"ofr01132 - 2001 - Geologic map of the Fifteenmile Valley 7.5' quadrangle, San Bernardino County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-27T13:29:26.24823","indexId":"ofr01132","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-132","title":"Geologic map of the Fifteenmile Valley 7.5' quadrangle, San Bernardino County, California","docAbstract":"Open-File Report OF 01-132 contains a digital geologic map database of the Fifteenmile Valley 7.5’ quadrangle, San Bernardino County, California that includes:
\n1. ARC/INFO (Environmental Systems Research Institute, http://www.esri.com) version 7.2.1 coverages of the various elements of the geologic map.
\n\n2. A PostScript file to plot the geologic map on a topographic base, and containing a Correlation of Map Units diagram, a Description of Map Units, an index map, and a regional structure map.
\n\n3. Portable Document Format (.pdf) files of:
\n\na. This Readme; includes in Appendix I, data contained in fif_met.txt
\n\nb. The same graphic as plotted in 2 above. (Test plots have not produced 1:24,000-scale map sheets. Adobe Acrobat pagesize setting influences map scale.)
The Correlation of Map Units (CMU) and Description of Map Units (DMU) is in the editorial format of USGS Miscellaneous Investigations Series (I-series) maps. Within the geologic map data package, map units are identified by standard geologic map criteria such as formation-name, age, and lithology. Even though this is an author-prepared report, every attempt has been made to closely adhere to the stratigraphic nomenclature of the U. S. Geological Survey. Descriptions of units can be obtained by viewing or plotting the .pdf file (3b above) or plotting the postscript file (2 above). If roads in some areas, especially forest roads that parallel topographic contours, do not show well on plots of the geologic map, we recommend use of the USGS Fifteenmile Valley 7.5’ topographic quadrangle in conjunction with the geologic map.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr01132","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Forest Service (San Bernardino National Forest) and the California Division of Mines and Geology","usgsCitation":"Miller, F.K., and Matti, J.C., 2001, Geologic map of the Fifteenmile Valley 7.5' quadrangle, San Bernardino County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-132, Readme: 24 p.; Metadata; Database; Map: PDF, 43.85 x 32.44 inches; Map: PostScript file, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01132.","productDescription":"Readme: 24 p.; Metadata; Database; Map: PDF, 43.85 x 32.44 inches; Map: PostScript file","numberOfPages":"24","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160851,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr01132.gif"},{"id":3030,"rank":7,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0132/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":282088,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0132/fif_met.txt","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":282090,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0132/pdf/fif_map.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":282087,"rank":6,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0132/pdf/readme.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":282089,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0132/fif.tar.gz","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":282091,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0132/fif_map.ps.gz","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Lambert conformal conic projection","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Bernardino County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.125,34.375 ], [ -117.125,34.5 ], [ -117.0,34.5 ], [ -117.0,34.375 ], [ -117.125,34.375 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db696e0b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, F. K.","contributorId":10803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matti, J. C.","contributorId":51712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matti","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":31371,"text":"ofr01145 - 2001 - Six aeromagnetic surveys in Nevada and California: A web site for distribution of data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-13T22:59:12.723288","indexId":"ofr01145","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-145","title":"Six aeromagnetic surveys in Nevada and California: A web site for distribution of data","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr01145","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001, Six aeromagnetic surveys in Nevada and California: A web site for distribution of data (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-145, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01145.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160867,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":393261,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_38746.htm","text":"Excelsior Mts. and Bodie-Aurora areas"},{"id":3033,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0145/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":466186,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_38747.htm","text":"Death Valley - Amargosa Desert areas","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":466187,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_38748.htm","text":"San Gregorio - Point Sur areas","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118,\n 38.517\n ],\n [\n -119.267,\n 38.517\n ],\n [\n -119.267,\n 37.96\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 37.96\n ],\n [\n -118,\n 38.517\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.65,\n 37.578\n ],\n [\n -122.65,\n 36.433\n ],\n [\n -121.267,\n 36.433\n ],\n [\n -121.267,\n 37.578\n ],\n [\n -122.65,\n 37.578\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.333,\n 35.867\n ],\n [\n -115.625,\n 35.867\n ],\n [\n -115.625,\n 36.917\n ],\n [\n -117.333,\n 36.917\n ],\n [\n -117.333,\n 35.867\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f6e4b07f02db5f16aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":31372,"text":"ofr01146 - 2001 - A debris avalanche at Forest Falls, San Bernardino County, California, July 11, 1999","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-21T10:02:59","indexId":"ofr01146","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-146","title":"A debris avalanche at Forest Falls, San Bernardino County, California, July 11, 1999","docAbstract":"This publication consists of the online version of a CD-ROM publication, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 01-146. The data for this publication total 557 MB on the CD-ROM. For speed of transfer, the main PDF document has been compressed (with a subsequent loss of image quality) from 145 to 18.1 MB. The community of Forest Falls, California, is frequently subject to relatively slow moving debris flows. Some 11 debris flow events that were destructive to property have been recorded between 1955 and 1998. On July 11 and 13, 1999, debris flows again occurred, produced by high-intensity, short-duration monsoon rains. Unlike previous debris flow events, the July 11 rainfall generated a high-velocity debris avalanche in Snow Creek, one of the several creeks crossing the composite, debris flow dominated, alluvial fan on which Forest Falls is located. This debris avalanche overshot the bank of the active debris flow channel of Snow Creek, destroying property in the near vicinity and taking a life. The minimum velocity of this avalanche is calculated to have been in the range of 40 to 55 miles per hour. Impact from high-velocity boulders removed trees where the avalanche overshot the channel bank. Further down the fan, the rapidly moving debris fragmented the outer parts of the upslope side of large pine trees and embedded rock fragments into the tree trunks. Unlike the characteristic deposits formed by debris flows, the avalanche spread out down-slope and left no deposit suggestive of a debris avalanche. This summer monsoon-generated debris avalanche is apparently the first recorded for Forest Falls. The best indications of past debris avalanches may be the degree of permanent scars produced by extensive abrasion and splintering of the outer parts of pine trees that were in the path of an avalanche.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr01146","usgsCitation":"Morton, D.M., and Hauser, R.M., 2001, A debris avalanche at Forest Falls, San Bernardino County, California, July 11, 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-146, Readme TXT; Report: 67 p.; Illustrations HTML link, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01146.","productDescription":"Readme TXT; Report: 67 p.; Illustrations HTML link","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335858,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282425,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0146/README.TXT"},{"id":282424,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0146/"},{"id":282426,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0146/pdf/of01-146.pdf"},{"id":282427,"type":{"id":14,"text":"Image"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0146/illustrations.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Bernardino County","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6af2ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morton, Douglas M. scamp@usgs.gov","contributorId":4102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"Douglas","email":"scamp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":511072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hauser, Rachel M.","contributorId":86010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hauser","given":"Rachel","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":511073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":31415,"text":"ofr01352 - 2001 - Ecological data collected in the Santee River basin and coastal drainages, North and South Carolina, 1996–98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-14T16:54:31.968849","indexId":"ofr01352","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-352","title":"Ecological data collected in the Santee River basin and coastal drainages, North and South Carolina, 1996–98","docAbstract":"As part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program, ecological investigations were conducted in 23 reaches of 16 streams in the Santee River Basin and Coastal Drainages study unit in North and South Carolina during 1996-98. Habitat characteristics, such as stream width and depth, bank composition, bank vegetative cover, stream shading by overhanging vegetation, and\r\n\r\nstreambed composition were recorded. Algal and benthic invertebrate communities were sampled\r\n\r\nusing quantitative and qualitative techniques. These data will provide information needed to: (1) support findings of the effects of human landuse activities on water quality by augmenting or enhancing physical and chemical water-quality data, (2) provide a basic overview of aquatic community structure in selected stream reaches in the study unit, and (3) provide a means for comparing aquatic communities in subsequent years of the assessment program.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr01352","collaboration":"Prepared as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program, Santee River Basin and Coastal Drainages Study Unit","usgsCitation":"Abrahamsen, T.A., 2001, Ecological data collected in the Santee River basin and coastal drainages, North and South Carolina, 1996–98: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-352, vi, 83 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01352.","productDescription":"vi, 83 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":408331,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_45476.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":2554,"rank":300,"type":{"id":21,"text":"Referenced Work"},"url":"https://www2.usgs.gov/water/southatlantic/sc/nawqa/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":160832,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0352/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":59773,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0352/ofr20010352.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2001-0352"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Santee River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.5,\n 32.133\n ],\n [\n -79.317,\n 32.133\n ],\n [\n -79.317,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -82.5,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -82.5,\n 32.133\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Columbia, SC 29210
Over the past several decades investigators have extensively examined the 238U-234U- 230Th systematics of a variety of geologic materials using alpha spectroscopy. Analytical uncertainty for 230Th by alpha spectroscopy has been limited to about 2% (2σ). The advantage of thermal ionization mass spectroscopy (TIMS), introduced by Edwards and co-workers in the late 1980’s is the increased detectability of these isotopes by a factor of ~200, and decreases in the uncertainty for 230Th to about 5‰ (2σ) error.
\nThis report is a procedural manual for using the USGS-Stanford Finnegan-Mat 262 TIMS to collect and isolate Uranium and Thorium isotopic ratio data. Chemical separation of Uranium and Thorium from the sample media is accomplished using acid dissolution and then processed using anion exchange resins.
\nThe Finnegan-Mat262 Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometer (TIMS) utilizes a surface ionization technique in which nitrates of Uranium and Thorium are placed on a source filament. Upon heating, positive ion emission occurs. The ions are then accelerated and focused into a beam which passes through a curved magnetic field dispersing the ions by mass. Faraday cups and/or an ion counter capture the ions and allow for quantitative analysis of the various isotopes.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr01333","usgsCitation":"Shamp, D.D., 2001, A procedural manual for measurement of uranium and thorium isotopes utilizing the USGS-Stanford Finnegan Mat 262: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-333, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01333.","productDescription":"32 p.","numberOfPages":"32","costCenters":[{"id":314,"text":"Geophysics Unit of Menlo Park, CA (GUMP)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160392,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr01333.jpg"},{"id":2529,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0333/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":282775,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0333/pdf/of01-333.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ce4b07f02db6a93b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shamp, Donald D.","contributorId":49457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shamp","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":31409,"text":"ofr01311 - 2001 - Geologic map of the Cucamonga Peak 7.5' quadrangle, San Bernardino County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-26T19:00:33.990191","indexId":"ofr01311","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-311","title":"Geologic map of the Cucamonga Peak 7.5' quadrangle, San Bernardino County, California","docAbstract":"Open-File Report OF 01-311 contains a digital geologic map database of the Cucamonga Peak 7.5’ quadrangle, San Bernardino County, California that includes:
\n1. ARC/INFO (Environmental Systems Research Institute, http://www.esri.com) version 7.2.1 coverages of the various elements of the geologic map
\n2. A PostScript file to plot the geologic map on a topographic base, and containing a Correlation of Map Units diagram, a Description of Map Units, an index map, and a regional structure map
\n3. Portable Document Format (.pdf) files of:
\na. This Readme; includes in Appendix I, data contained in fif_met.txt
\n\nb. The same graphic as plotted in 2 above. (Test plots have not produced 1:24,000-scale map sheets. Adobe Acrobat pagesize setting influences map scale.)
The Correlation of Map Units and Description of Map Units is in the editorial format of USGS Miscellaneous Investigations Series (I-series) maps but has not been edited to comply with I-map standards. Within the geologic map data package, map units are identified by standard geologic map criteria such as formation-name, age, and lithology. Even though this is an author-prepared report, every attempt has been made to closely adhere to the stratigraphic nomenclature of the U. S. Geological Survey. Descriptions of units can be obtained by viewing or plotting the .pdf file (3b above) or plotting the postscript file (2 above). If roads in some areas, especially forest roads that parallel topographic contours, do not show well on plots of the geologic map, we recommend use of the USGS Cucamonga Peak 7.5’ topographic quadrangle in conjunction with the geologic map.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr01311","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Forest Service (San Bernardino National Forest) and the California Division of Mines and Geology","usgsCitation":"Morton, D.M., Matti, J.C., Koukladas, C., and Cossette, P., 2001, Geologic map of the Cucamonga Peak 7.5' quadrangle, San Bernardino County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-311, Map: 41.31 x 20.50 inches; Readme: 22 p.; Metadata, Database package; Map: PostScript file, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01311.","productDescription":"Map: 41.31 x 20.50 inches; Readme: 22 p.; Metadata, Database package; Map: PostScript file","numberOfPages":"22","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160380,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr01311.jpg"},{"id":282745,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0311/cuc_map.ps.gz","linkFileType":{"id":4,"text":"shapefile"}},{"id":2525,"rank":7,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0311/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":282741,"rank":6,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0311/pdf/CucReadme.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":282744,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0311/pdf/cuc_map.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":282742,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0311/cuc_met.txt","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":282743,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0311/cuc.tar.gz","linkFileType":{"id":4,"text":"shapefile"}}],"scale":"24000","projection":"Lambert conformal conic projection","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Bernardino County","otherGeospatial":"Cucamonga Peak","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.625,34.125 ], [ -117.625,34.25 ], [ -117.5,34.25 ], [ -117.5,34.125 ], [ -117.625,34.125 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db69895d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morton, D. M.","contributorId":54608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matti, J. C.","contributorId":51712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matti","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koukladas, Catherine","contributorId":6759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koukladas","given":"Catherine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cossette, P. M. 0000-0002-9608-6595","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9608-6595","contributorId":36586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cossette","given":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":31408,"text":"ofr01297 - 2001 - The Silent Canyon caldera — A three dimensional model as part of a Pahute Mesa - Oasis Valley, Nevada, hydrogeologic model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-27T12:30:50.467319","indexId":"ofr01297","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-297","title":"The Silent Canyon caldera — A three dimensional model as part of a Pahute Mesa - Oasis Valley, Nevada, hydrogeologic model","docAbstract":"A 3-dimensional caldera model based on gravity inversion, drill-hole data, and geologic mapping offers the framework for a hydrogeologic evaluation of the Silent Canyon caldera in the central part of Pahute Mesa, Nevada.\n\nIt has been recognized for several decades that the central part of Pahute Mesa is the site of a buried caldera called the Silent Canyon caldera. Conceptually, the structural framework of the Silent Canyon caldera is based on the idea of collapse of the caldera roof over a shallow magma chamber to form a structural basin following violent volcanic eruptions. Calderas are common in certain volcanic regions of the world, and most well-exposed calderas are broadly similar to each other, particularly the arcuate or circular shape of their collapse depression. There are other reasons for modeling the Silent Canyon caldera as a circular feature in addition to knowledge that calderas throughout the world are generally circular features. The Silent Canyon caldera is the site of one of the largest gravity lows in the Western United States, indicating a thick accumulation of low-density rocks such as lavas and tuffs—a fact confirmed by drilling on Pahute Mesa. This gravity low is bowl-shaped, and the uppermost volcanic units on Pahute Mesa form a circular outcrop pattern of inward-dipping tuff interpreted to be the result of their filling the upper part of the bowl-shaped depression. Together, these features are consistent with, and indicative of, a circular collapse structural model for the Silent Canyon caldera. The collapse depression of the Silent Canyon caldera, bounded by arcuate faults, is filled with as much as 6 km (19,800 ft) of volcanic and sedimentary rocks that are considerably less dense than the underlying and surrounding basement rocks. The boundary surface between less dense caldera fill and more dense basement is modeled as the caldera ring fault. Rocks in the upper part of the caldera fill are penetrated by drilling, and the drill-hole data are the basis for 3-dimensional computer modeling of the thickness and distribution of the rock units. The displacement on younger N-S faults that cut the caldera is also determined by offset of the computer derived surfaces defined by the drill-hole intercepts of stratigraphic units.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr01297","usgsCitation":"McKee, E.H., Phelps, G.A., and Mankinen, E.A., 2001, The Silent Canyon caldera — A three dimensional model as part of a Pahute Mesa - Oasis Valley, Nevada, hydrogeologic model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-297, i, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01297.","productDescription":"i, 13 p.","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160379,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr01297.jpg"},{"id":2524,"rank":4,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0297/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":408770,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_43088.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":282723,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0297/pdf/of01-297.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Pahute Mesa-Oasis Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.599,\n 37.147\n ],\n [\n -116.599,\n 37.4\n ],\n [\n -116.212,\n 37.4\n ],\n [\n -116.212,\n 37.147\n ],\n [\n -116.599,\n 37.147\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa9e4b07f02db6687c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKee, Edwin H. mckee@usgs.gov","contributorId":3728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Edwin","email":"mckee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":205911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phelps, Geoffery A.","contributorId":23167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phelps","given":"Geoffery","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mankinen, Edward A. 0000-0001-7496-2681 emank@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7496-2681","contributorId":1054,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mankinen","given":"Edward","email":"emank@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":31407,"text":"ofr01294 - 2001 - Shaded-relief and color shaded-relief maps of the Willamette Valley, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-27T13:30:46.427184","indexId":"ofr01294","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-294","title":"Shaded-relief and color shaded-relief maps of the Willamette Valley, Oregon","docAbstract":"This Open-File Report is released as a digital map database. It includes PostScript plot files that contain images of the map sheets; the images also contain a brief explanation describing the geology and physiography of the study area. The digital map database is a compilation of newly published 10-m digital-elevation-model (DEM) data for western Oregon and represents the physiography of the Willamette Valley.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr01294","usgsCitation":"Givler, R., and Wells, R., 2001, Shaded-relief and color shaded-relief maps of the Willamette Valley, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-294, Report: 15 p.; 4 Plates: 36.00 x 86.00 inches or smaller; Metadata; 2 Data Releases, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01294.","productDescription":"Report: 15 p.; 4 Plates: 36.00 x 86.00 inches or smaller; Metadata; 2 Data Releases","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160365,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr01294.gif"},{"id":282722,"rank":11,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0294/pdf/wvs250.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":282717,"rank":10,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0294/of01294db1.tar.gz","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":282718,"rank":9,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0294/of01294db2.tar.gz","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":282719,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0294/pdf/wvc125.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":282720,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0294/pdf/wvs125.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":282721,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0294/pdf/wvc250.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":282716,"rank":5,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0294/metadata.txt","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":282715,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0294/pdf/metadata.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":409817,"rank":12,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_43100.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":282713,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0294/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":282714,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0294/pdf/readme.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"125000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator Projection","country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Williamette Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.5,43.75 ], [ -123.5,45.75 ], [ -122.5,45.75 ], [ -122.5,43.75 ], [ -123.5,43.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a3a6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Givler, R. W.","contributorId":78782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Givler","given":"R. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wells, Ray E. 0000-0002-7796-0160 rwells@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-0160","contributorId":2692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"Ray E.","email":"rwells@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":205908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}