Beginning in 1995, the USGS, in cooperation with the U.S Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), New York District, began a program to generate reconnaissance maps of the sea floor offshore of the New York-New Jersey metropolitan area, one of the most populated coastal regions of the United States. The goal of this mapping program is to provide a regional synthesis of the sea-floor environment, including a description of sedimentary environments, sediment texture, seafloor morphology, and geologic history to aid in understanding the impacts of anthropogenic activities, such as ocean dumping. This mapping effort differs from previous studies of this area by obtaining digital, sidescan sonar images that cover 100 percent of the sea floor.
This investigation was motivated by the need to develop an environmentally acceptable solution for the disposal of dredged material from the New York - New Jersey Port, by the need to identify potential sources of sand for renourishment of the southern shore of Long island, and by the opportunity to develop a better understanding of the transport and long-term fate of contaminants by investigations of the present distribution of materials discharged into the New York Bight over the last 100+ years (Schwab and others, 1997). Data collected in 1996, USGS cruise SEAX 96004, augments data collected in 1995 with sidescan sonar and seismic reflection data collected within the New York Bight Apex region. This report is an archive of the boomer seismic reflection data collected in 1996.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr01157","usgsCitation":"Hill, J.C., Schwab, W.C., and Foster, D., 2001, Archive of water gun subbottom data collected during USGS cruise SEAX 95007 New York Bight, 7-25, May 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-157, HTML Document; DVD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01157.","productDescription":"HTML Document; DVD-ROM","onlineOnly":"N","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":164098,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0157/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":350979,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/publications/of01-157/"},{"id":392075,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_43238.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey, New York","otherGeospatial":"New York Bight","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -73.9,40.36 ], [ -73.9,40.58 ], [ -73.49,40.58 ], [ -73.49,40.36 ], [ -73.9,40.36 ] ] ] } } ] }","contact":"Director, Woods Hole Science Center
384 Woods Hole Road
Quissett Campus
Woods Hole, MA 02543
The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO), a cooperative program of the U.S. Geological Survey, the Geophysical Institute of the University of Alaska - Fairbanks, and the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, has maintained a seismic monitoring program at potentially active volcanoes in Alaska since 1988 (Power and others, 1993; Jolly and others, 1996). The primary objectives of this program are the seismic surveillance of active, potentially hazardous, Alaskan volcanoes and the investigation of seismic processes associated with active volcanism.
Between 1994 and 1999, the AVO seismic monitoring program underwent significant changes with networks added at new volcanoes during each summer from 1995 through 1999. The existing network at Katmai –Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes (VTTS) was repaired in 1995, and new networks were installed at Makushin (1996), Akutan (1996), Pavlof (1996), Katmai - south (1996), Aniakchak (1997), Shishaldin (1997), Katmai - north (1998), Westdahl, (1998), Great Sitkin (1999) and Kanaga (1999). These networks added to AVO's existing seismograph networks in the Cook Inlet area and increased the number of AVO seismograph stations from 46 sites and 57 components in 1994 to 121 sites and 155 components in 1999. The 1995–1999 seismic network expansion increased the number of volcanoes monitored in real-time from 4 to 22, including Mount Spurr, Redoubt Volcano, Iliamna Volcano, Augustine Volcano, Mount Snowy, Mount Griggs, Mount Katmai, Novarupta, Trident Volcano, Mount Mageik, Mount Martin, Aniakchak Crater, Pavlof Volcano, Mount Dutton, Isanotski volcano, Shisaldin Volcano, Fisher Caldera, Westdahl volcano, Akutan volcano, Makushin Volcano, Great Sitkin volcano, and Kanaga Volcano (see Figures 1-15). The network expansion also increased the number of earthquakes located from about 600 per year in1994 and 1995 to about 3000 per year between 1997 and 1999.
Highlights of the catalog period include: 1) a large volcanogenic seismic swarm at Akutan volcano in March and April 1996 (Lu and others, 2000); 2) an eruption at Pavlof Volcano in fall 1996 (Garces and others, 2000; McNutt and others, 2000); 3) an earthquake swarm at Iliamna volcano between September and December 1996; 4) an earthquake swarm at Mount Mageik in October 1996 (Jolly and McNutt, 1999); 5) an earthquake swarm located at shallow depth near Strandline Lake; 6) a strong swarm of earthquakes near Becharof Lake; 7) precursory seismicity and an eruption at Shishaldin Volcano in April 1999 that included a 5.2 ML earthquake and aftershock sequence (Moran and others, in press; Thompson and others, in press). The 1996 calendar year is also notable as the seismicity rate was very high, especially in the fall when 3 separate areas (Strandline Lake, Iliamna Volcano, and several of the Katmai volcanoes) experienced high rates of located earthquakes.
This catalog covers the period from January 1, 1994, through December 31,1999, and includes: 1) earthquake origin times, hypocenters, and magnitudes with summary statistics describing the earthquake location quality; 2) a description of instruments deployed in the field and their locations and magnifications; 3) a description of earthquake detection, recording, analysis, and data archival; 4) velocity models used for earthquake locations; 5) phase arrival times recorded at individual stations; and 6) a summary of daily station usage from throughout the report period. We have made calculated hypocenters, station locations, system magnifications, velocity models, and phase arrival information available for download via computer network as a compressed Unix tar file.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr01189","usgsCitation":"Jolly, A.D., Stihler, S.D., Power, J.A., Lahr, J.C., Paskievitch, J., Tytgat, G., Estes, S., Lockhart, A., Moran, S.C., McNutt, S.R., and Hammond, W.R., 2001, Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1, 1994 through December 31, 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-189, Report: 22 p.; Appendix B; Download: TAR.GZ file, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01189.","productDescription":"Report: 22 p.; Appendix B; Download: TAR.GZ file","numberOfPages":"22","temporalStart":"1994-01-01","temporalEnd":"1999-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":164292,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr01189.jpg"},{"id":3058,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0189/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":282542,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0189/pdf/of01-189.pdf","text":"Report","size":"522 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":282543,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0189/pdf/appendixb.pdf","text":"Appendix B","size":"2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix B"},{"id":282544,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0189/ofr01-189-tar.gz","text":"Data Files","size":"14.5 MB","description":"Data Files"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -178.0,52.0 ], [ -178.0,64.0 ], [ -138.0,64.0 ], [ -138.0,52.0 ], [ -178.0,52.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f3e4b07f02db5efb90","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jolly, Arthur D.","contributorId":57913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jolly","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stihler, Scott D.","contributorId":31373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stihler","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Power, John A. 0000-0002-7233-4398 jpower@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7233-4398","contributorId":2768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Power","given":"John","email":"jpower@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":205841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lahr, John C.","contributorId":20328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lahr","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Paskievitch, John","contributorId":74050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paskievitch","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tytgat, Guy","contributorId":71152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tytgat","given":"Guy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Estes, Steve","contributorId":55881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lockhart, Andrew B. ablock@usgs.gov","contributorId":632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockhart","given":"Andrew B.","email":"ablock@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":205840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Moran, Seth C. 0000-0001-7308-9649 smoran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7308-9649","contributorId":548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Seth","email":"smoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"McNutt, Stephen R.","contributorId":38133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNutt","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hammond, William R.","contributorId":76375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hammond","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":31385,"text":"ofr01198 - 2001 - Publications of the Western Earth Surface Processes Team 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-27T12:53:50.256124","indexId":"ofr01198","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-198","title":"Publications of the Western Earth Surface Processes Team 2000","docAbstract":"The Western Earth Surface Processes Team (WESP) of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducts geologic mapping and related topical earth science studies in the western United States. This work is focused on areas where modern geologic maps and associated earth-science data are needed to address key societal and environmental issues such as ground-water quality, potential geologic hazards, and land-use decisions. Areas of primary emphasis in 2000 included southern California, the San Francisco Bay region, the Pacific Northwest, the Las Vegas urban corridor, and selected National Park lands. The team has its headquarters in Menlo Park, California, and maintains smaller field offices at several other locations in the western United States. The results of research conducted by the WESPT are released to the public as a variety of databases, maps, text reports, and abstracts, both through the internal publication system of the USGS and in diverse external publications such as scientific journals and books. This report lists publications of the WESPT released in 2000 as well as additional 1999 publications that were not included in the previous list (USGS Open-file Report 00-215). Most of the publications listed were authored or coauthored by WESPT staff. The list also includes some publications authored by non-USGS cooperators with the WESPT, as well as some authored by USGS staff outside the WESPT in cooperation with WESPT projects. Several of the publications listed are available on the World Wide Web; for these, URL addresses are provided. Many of these Web publications are USGS open-file reports that contain large digital databases of geologic map and related information.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr01198","usgsCitation":"Powell, C.L., and Stone, P., 2001, Publications of the Western Earth Surface Processes Team 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-198, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01198.","productDescription":"17 p.","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":59770,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0198/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":281577,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0198/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":163374,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0198/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db687d3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powell, Charles L. II 0000-0002-1913-555X cpowell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1913-555X","contributorId":3243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"Charles","suffix":"II","email":"cpowell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":205854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stone, Paul 0000-0002-1439-0156 pastone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1439-0156","contributorId":273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stone","given":"Paul","email":"pastone@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":31387,"text":"ofr01217 - 2001 - Mississippi Basin Carbon Project: Upland soil database for sites in Nishnabotna River basin, Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-14T17:14:45.824757","indexId":"ofr01217","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-217","title":"Mississippi Basin Carbon Project: Upland soil database for sites in Nishnabotna River basin, Iowa","docAbstract":"The conversion of land from its native state to an agricultural use commonly results in a significant loss of soil carbon (Mann, 1985; Davidson and Ackerman, 1993). Globally, this loss is estimated to account for as much as 1/3 of the net CO2 emissions for the period of 1850 to 1980 (Houghton and others, 1983). Roughly 20 to 40 percent of original soil carbon is estimated to be lost as CO2 as a result of agricultural conversion, or \"decomposition enhancement\". Global models use this estimate along with land conversion data to provide agricultural contributions of CO2 emissions for global carbon budgets (Houghton and others, 1983; Schimel, 1995).
\nSoil erosion rates are significantly (10X) higher on croplands than on their undisturbed equivalents (Dabney and others, 1997). Most of the concern over erosion is related to diminished productivity of the uplands (Stallings, 1957; McGregor and others, 1969; Rhoton, 1990) or to increased hazards and navigability of the lowlands in the late 1800's to early 1900's. Yet because soil carbon is concentrated at the soil surface, with an exponential decline in concentration with depth (Harden et al, 1999), it is clear that changes in erosion rates seen on croplands must also impact soil carbon storage and terrestrial carbon budgets as well.
\nAs yet, erosional losses of carbon are not included in global carbon budgets explicitly as a factor in land conversion nor implicitly as a portion of the decomposition enhancement. However, recent work by Lal and others (1995) and by Stallard (1998) suggests that significant amounts of eroded soil may be stored in man-made reservoirs and depositional environments as a result of agricultural conversion. Moreover, Stallard points out that eroding soils have the potential for replacing part of the carbon trapped in man-made reservoirs. If true, then the global carbon budget may grossly underestimate or ignore a significant sink term resulting from the burial of eroded soil.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr01217","usgsCitation":"Harden, J., Fries, T.L., Haughy, R., Kramer, L., and Zheng, S., 2001, Mississippi Basin Carbon Project: Upland soil database for sites in Nishnabotna River basin, Iowa: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-217, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01217.","productDescription":"17 p.","numberOfPages":"17","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":466226,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_43374.htm","text":"Deep Loess Research Station site near Treynor, Iowa","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":3061,"rank":4,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0217/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":408266,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_43373.htm","text":"Dinesen Prairie site near Harlan, Iowa","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":282573,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0217/pdf/of01-217text.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":163376,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","otherGeospatial":"Nishnabotna River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.367,\n 41.6330\n ],\n [\n -95.283,\n 41.6330\n ],\n [\n -95.283,\n 41.667\n ],\n [\n -95.367,\n 41.667\n ],\n [\n -95.367,\n 41.6330\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699b85","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harden, J.W. 0000-0002-6570-8259","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":38585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fries, T. L.","contributorId":12053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fries","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haughy, R.","contributorId":73253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haughy","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kramer, L.","contributorId":14365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kramer","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zheng, Shuhui","contributorId":29490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zheng","given":"Shuhui","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":31388,"text":"ofr01218 - 2001 - A simplified economic filter for open-pit mining and heap-leach recovery of copper in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-27T12:51:40.413555","indexId":"ofr01218","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-218","title":"A simplified economic filter for open-pit mining and heap-leach recovery of copper in the United States","docAbstract":"Determining the economic viability of mineral deposits of various sizes and grades is a critical task in all phases of mineral supply, from land-use management to mine development. This study evaluates two simple tools for estimating the economic viability of porphyry copper deposits mined by open-pit, heap-leach methods when only limited information on these deposits is available. These two methods are useful for evaluating deposits that either (1) are undiscovered deposits predicted by a mineral resource assessment, or (2) have been discovered but for which little data has been collected or released. The first tool uses ordinary least-squared regression analysis of cost and operating data from selected deposits to estimate a predictive relationship between mining rate, itself estimated from deposit size, and capital and operating costs. The second method uses cost models developed by the U.S. Bureau of Mines (Camm, 1991) updated using appropriate cost indices. We find that the cost model method works best for estimating capital costs and the empirical model works best for estimating operating costs for mines to be developed in the United States.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr01218","usgsCitation":"Long, K.R., and Singer, D.A., 2001, A simplified economic filter for open-pit mining and heap-leach recovery of copper in the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-218, iii, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01218.","productDescription":"iii, 18 p.","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science 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States\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a6497","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Long, Keith R. 0000-0002-6457-2820 klong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6457-2820","contributorId":2279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Keith","email":"klong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Singer, Donald A. dsinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":5601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singer","given":"Donald","email":"dsinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":205864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":31389,"text":"ofr2001221 - 2001 - Resource materials for a GIS spatial analysis course","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:18","indexId":"ofr2001221","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-221","title":"Resource materials for a GIS spatial analysis course","docAbstract":"This report consists of materials prepared for a GIS spatial analysis course offered as part of the Geography curriculum at the University of Nevada, Reno and the University of California at Santa Barbara in the spring of 2000. The report is intended to share information with instructors preparing spatial-modeling training and scientists with advanced GIS expertise. The students taking this class had completed each universities GIS curriculum and had a foundation in statistics as part of a science major. This report is organized into chapters that contain the following:\r\n\r\n\r\nSlides used during lectures,\r\n\r\nGuidance on the use of Arcview,\r\n\r\nIntroduction to filtering in Arcview,\r\n\r\nConventional and spatial correlation in Arcview,\r\n\r\nTools for fuzzification in Arcview,\r\n\r\nData and instructions for creating using ArcSDM for simple weights-of-evidence, fuzzy logic, and neural network models for Carlin-type gold deposits in central Nevada,\r\n\r\nReading list on spatial modeling, and\r\n\r\nSelected student spatial-modeling posters from the laboratory exercises. \r\n","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr2001221","usgsCitation":"Raines, G.L., 2001, Resource materials for a GIS spatial analysis course (Online version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-221, 216 p.; data files; 1 p. readme text, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2001221.","productDescription":"216 p.; data files; 1 p. readme text","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2000-01-01","temporalEnd":"2000-05-31","costCenters":[{"id":658,"text":"Western Mineral Resources","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":163459,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":10483,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/of01-221/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Online version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a04e4b07f02db5f84c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raines, Gary L.","contributorId":48162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raines","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":31398,"text":"ofr01258 - 2001 - Metal loading assessment of a small mountainous sub-basin characterized by acid drainage -- Prospect Gulch, upper Animas River watershed, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:08","indexId":"ofr01258","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-258","title":"Metal loading assessment of a small mountainous sub-basin characterized by acid drainage -- Prospect Gulch, upper Animas River watershed, Colorado","docAbstract":"strongly affected by natural acidity from pyrite weathering.\r\nMetal content in the water column is a composite of multiple\r\nsources affected by hydrologic, geologic, climatic, and anthropogenic\r\nconditions. Identifying sources of metals from various\r\ndrainage areas was determined using a tracer injection approach\r\nand synoptic sampling during low flow conditions on September\r\n29, 1999 to determine loads. The tracer data was interpreted\r\nin conjunction with detailed geologic mapping, topographic profiling,\r\ngeochemical characterization, and the occurrence and\r\ndistribution of trace metals to identify sources of ground-water\r\ninflows. For this highly mineralized sub-basin, we demonstrate\r\nthat SO4, Al, and Fe load contributions from drainage areas that\r\nhave experienced historical mining?although substantial?are\r\nrelatively insignificant in comparison with SO4, Al, and Fe\r\nloads from areas experiencing natural weathering of highlyaltered,\r\npyritic rocks.\r\nRegional weathering of acid-sulfate mineral assemblages\r\nproduces moderately low pH waters elevated in SO4, Al, and\r\nFe; but generally lacking in Cu, Cd, Ni, and Pb. Samples\r\nimpacted by mining are also characterized by low pH and large\r\nconcentrations of SO4, Al, and Fe; but contained elevated dissolved\r\nmetals from ore-bearing vein minerals such as Cu, Zn,\r\nCd, Ni, and Pb. Occurrences of dissolved trace metals were\r\nhelpful in identifying ground-water sources and flow paths. For\r\nexample, cadmium was greatest in inflows associated with\r\ndrainage from inactive mine sites and absent in inflows that\r\nwere unaffected by past mining activities and thus served as an\r\nimportant indicator of mining contamination for this environmental\r\nsetting.\r\nThe most heavily mine-impacted reach (PG153 to PG800),\r\ncontributed 8% of the discharge, and 11%, 9%, and 12% of the\r\ntotal SO4, Al, and Fe loads in Prospect Gulch. The same reach\r\nyielded 59% and 37% of the total Cu and Zn loads for the subbasin.\r\nIn contrast, the naturally acidic inflows from the Red\r\nChemotroph iron spring yielded 39% of the discharge and 54%,\r\n73%, and 87% of the SO4, Al, and Fe loads; but only 4% of the\r\ntotal Cu and 30% of the total Zn loads in Prospect Gulch.\r\nBase flow from the Prospect Gulch sub-basin contributes\r\nabout 4.8 percent of the total discharge at the mouth of Cement\r\nCreek; compared with sampled instream loads of 1.8%, 8.8%,\r\n15.9%, 28%, and 8.6% for SO4, Al, Fe, Cu and Zn, respectively.\r\nWater-shed scale remediation efforts targeted at reducing loads\r\nof SO4, Al, and Fe at inactive mine sites are likely to fail\r\nbecause the major sources of these constituents in Prospect\r\nGulch are predominantly discharged from natural sources.\r\nRemediation goals aimed at reducing acidity and loads of Cu\r\nand other base metals, may succeed, however, because changes\r\nin pH and loads are disproportionately greater than increases in\r\ndischarge over the same reach, and a substantial fraction of the\r\nmetal loading is from mining-impacted reaches. Whether remediation\r\nof abandoned mines in Prospect Gulch can be successful\r\ndepends on how goals are defined?that is, whether the objective\r\nis to reduce loads of SO4, Al, and Fe; or whether loads of\r\nCu and other base metals and pH are targeted.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr01258","usgsCitation":"Wirt, L., Leib, K.J., Melick, R., and Bove, D.J., 2001, Metal loading assessment of a small mountainous sub-basin characterized by acid drainage -- Prospect Gulch, upper Animas River watershed, Colorado (Version 1.1): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-258, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01258.","productDescription":"36 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2516,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0258/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48afe4b07f02db52f212","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wirt, Laurie","contributorId":13204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirt","given":"Laurie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leib, Kenneth J. 0000-0002-0373-0768 kjleib@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0373-0768","contributorId":701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leib","given":"Kenneth","email":"kjleib@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":205878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Melick, Roger","contributorId":100033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melick","given":"Roger","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bove, Dana J. dbove@usgs.gov","contributorId":4855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bove","given":"Dana","email":"dbove@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":205879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":31400,"text":"ofr01264 - 2001 - Density and velocity relationships for digital sonic and density logs from coastal Washington and laboratory measurements of Olympic Peninsula mafic rocks and greywackes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-20T19:22:37.702937","indexId":"ofr01264","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-264","title":"Density and velocity relationships for digital sonic and density logs from coastal Washington and laboratory measurements of Olympic Peninsula mafic rocks and greywackes","docAbstract":"Three-dimensional velocity models for the basins along the coast of Washington and in Puget Lowland provide a means for better understanding the lateral variations in strong ground motions recorded there. We have compiled 16 sonic and 18 density logs from 22 oil test wells to help us determine the geometry and physical properties of the Cenozoic basins along coastal Washington. The depth ranges sampled by the test-well logs fall between 0.3 and 2.1 km. These well logs sample Quaternary to middle Eocene sedimentary rocks of the Quinault Formation, Montesano Formation, and Hoh rock assemblage. Most (18 or 82%) of the wells are from Grays Harbor County, and many of these are from the Ocean City area. These Grays Harbor County wells sample the Quinault Formation, Montesano Formation, and frequently bottom in the Hoh rock assemblage. These wells show that the sonic velocity and density normally increase significantly across the contacts between the Quinault or the Montesano Formations and the Hoh rock assemblage. Reflection coefficients calculated for vertically traveling compressional waves from the average velocities and densities for these units suggest that the top of the Hoh rock assemblage is a strong reflector of downward-propagating seismic waves: these reflection coefficients lie between 11 and 20%. Thus, this boundary may reflect seismic energy upward and trap a substantial portion of the seismic energy generated by future earthquakes within the Miocene and younger sedimentary basins found along the Washington coast.
Three wells from Jefferson County provide data for the Hoh rock assemblage for the entire length of the logs. One well (Eastern Petroleum Sniffer Forks #1), from the Forks area in Clallam County, also exclusively samples the Hoh rock assemblage. This report presents the locations, elevations, depths, stratigraphic, and other information for all the oil test wells, and provides plots showing the density and sonic velocities as a function of depth for each well log. We also present two-way traveltimes for 15 of the wells calculated from the sonic velocities. Average velocities and densities for the wells having both logs can be reasonably well related using a modified Gardner’s rule, with p=1825v(1/4), where p is the density (in kg/m3) and v is the sonic velocity (in km/s). In contrast, a similar analysis of published well logs from Puget Lowland is best matched by a Gardner’s rule of p=1730v(1/4), close to the p=1740v(1/4) proposed by Gardner et al. (1974).
Finally, we present laboratory measurements of compressional-wave velocity, shear-wave velocity, and density for 11 greywackes and 29 mafic rocks from the Olympic Peninsula and Puget Lowland. These units have significance for earthquake-hazard investigations in Puget Lowland as they dip eastward beneath the Lowland, forming the “bedrock” beneath much of the lowland. Average Vp/Vs ratios for the mafic rocks, mainly Crescent Formation volcanics, lie between 1.81 and 1.86. Average Vp/Vs ratios for the greywackes from the accretionary core complex in the Olympic Peninsula show greater scatter but lie between 1.77 and 1.88. Both the Olympic Peninsula mafic rocks and greywackes have lower shear-wave velocities than would be expected for a Poisson solid (Vp/Vs=1.732). Although the P-wave velocities and densities in the greywackes can be related by a Gardner’s rule of p=1720v(1/4), close to the p=1740v(1/4) proposed by Gardner et al. (1974), the velocities and densities of the mafic rocks are best related by a Gardner’s rule of p=1840v(1/4). Thus, the density/velocity relations are similar for the Puget Lowland well logs and greywackes from the Olympic Peninsula. Density/velocity relations are similar for the Washington coastal well logs and mafic rocks from the Olympic Peninsula, but differ from those of the Puget Lowland well logs and greywackes from the Olympic Peninsula.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr01264","usgsCitation":"Brocher, T.M., and Christensen, N.I., 2001, Density and velocity relationships for digital sonic and density logs from coastal Washington and laboratory measurements of Olympic Peninsula mafic rocks and greywackes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-264, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01264.","productDescription":"39 p.","numberOfPages":"40","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":59772,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0264/pdf/of01-264.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":160343,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0264/images/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":2518,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0264/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Olympic Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124.87,46.83 ], [ -124.87,48.42 ], [ -122.14,48.42 ], [ -122.14,46.83 ], [ -124.87,46.83 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fce4b07f02db5f5b00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brocher, Thomas M. 0000-0002-9740-839X brocher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-839X","contributorId":262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brocher","given":"Thomas","email":"brocher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Christensen, Nikolas I.","contributorId":95927,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christensen","given":"Nikolas","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":7001,"text":"Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Purdue University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":205885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":31402,"text":"ofr01267 - 2001 - Spatial variability of sediment erosion processes using GIS analysis within watersheds in a historically mined region, Patagonia Mountains, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-24T12:41:39","indexId":"ofr01267","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-267","title":"Spatial variability of sediment erosion processes using GIS analysis within watersheds in a historically mined region, Patagonia Mountains, Arizona","docAbstract":"In this study, a geographic information system (GIS) is used to integrate and accurately map field studies, information from remotely sensed data, watershed models, and the dispersion of potentially toxic mine waste and tailings. The purpose of this study is to identify erosion rates and net sediment delivery of soil and mine waste/tailings to the drainage channel within several watershed regions to determine source areas of sediment delivery as a method of quantifying geo-environmental analysis of transport mechanisms in abandoned mine lands in arid climate conditions. Users of this study are the researchers interested in exploration of approaches to depicting historical activity in an area which has no baseline data records for environmental analysis of heavily mined terrain.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr01267","usgsCitation":"Brady, L., Gray, F., Wissler, C.A., and Guertin, D.P., 2001, Spatial variability of sediment erosion processes using GIS analysis within watersheds in a historically mined region, Patagonia Mountains, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-267, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01267.","productDescription":"51 p.","numberOfPages":"51","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160360,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr01267.jpg"},{"id":2520,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0267/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":282679,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0267/pdf/of01-267.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Patagonia Mountains","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.0153,31.3322 ], [ -111.0153,31.7113 ], [ -110.4954,31.7113 ], [ -110.4954,31.3322 ], [ -111.0153,31.3322 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db6356ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brady, Laura M.","contributorId":20601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brady","given":"Laura M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gray, Floyd 0000-0002-0223-8966 fgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0223-8966","contributorId":603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Floyd","email":"fgray@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wissler, Craig A.","contributorId":98585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wissler","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guertin, D. Phillip","contributorId":46062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guertin","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Phillip","affiliations":[{"id":12625,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":205891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":31403,"text":"ofr01280 - 2001 - Water-quality, biology, and streambed sediment data and preliminary geochemical interpretations for streams in the upper Prickly Pear Creek watershed, Montana, 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-30T20:58:11.521481","indexId":"ofr01280","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-280","title":"Water-quality, biology, and streambed sediment data and preliminary geochemical interpretations for streams in the upper Prickly Pear Creek watershed, Montana, 2000","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr01280","usgsCitation":"Klein, T.L., Thamke, J., and Farag, A.M., 2001, Water-quality, biology, and streambed sediment data and preliminary geochemical interpretations for streams in the upper Prickly Pear Creek watershed, Montana, 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-280, iv, 59 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01280.","productDescription":"iv, 59 p.","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160361,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":393702,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_42925.htm"},{"id":2521,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0280/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"upper Prickly Pear Creek watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.231,\n 46.3140\n ],\n [\n -111.875,\n 46.3140\n ],\n [\n -111.875,\n 46.53\n ],\n [\n -112.231,\n 46.53\n ],\n [\n -112.231,\n 46.3140\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4b92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klein, Terry L. tklein@usgs.gov","contributorId":1244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klein","given":"Terry","email":"tklein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thamke, Joanna N. 0000-0002-6917-1946 jothamke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6917-1946","contributorId":1012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thamke","given":"Joanna N.","email":"jothamke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Farag, Aida M. 0000-0003-4247-6763 aida_farag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-6763","contributorId":1139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farag","given":"Aida","email":"aida_farag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":205894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":25768,"text":"wri014002 - 2001 - Simulation of ground-water flow in the Mojave River basin, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-12T15:55:39.9397","indexId":"wri014002","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4002","title":"Simulation of ground-water flow in the Mojave River basin, California","docAbstract":"The proximity of the Mojave River ground-water basin to the highly urbanized Los Angeles region has led to rapid growth in population and, consequently, to an increase in the demand for water. The Mojave River, the primary source of surface water for the region, normally is dry-except for a small stretch of perennial flow and periods of flow after intense storms. Thus, the region relies almost entirely on ground water to meet its agricultural and municipal needs. Ground-water withdrawal since the late 1800's has resulted in discharge, primarily from pumping wells, that exceeds natural recharge. To better understand the relation between the regional and the floodplain aquifer systems and to develop a management tool that could be used to estimate the effects that future stresses may have on the ground-water system, a numerical ground-water flow model of the Mojave River ground-water basin was developed, in part, on the basis of a previously developed analog model. The ground-water flow model has two horizontal layers; the top layer (layer 1) corresponds to the floodplain aquifer and the bottom layer (layer 2) corresponds to the regional aquifer. There are 161 rows and 200 columns with a horizontal grid spacing of 2,000 by 2,000 feet. Two stress periods (wet and dry) per year are used where the duration of each stress period is a function of the occurrence, quantity of discharge, and length of stormflow from the headwaters each year. A steady-state model provided initial conditions for the transient-state simulation. The model was calibrated to transient-state conditions (1931-94) using a trial-and-error approach. The transient-state simulation results are in good agreement with measured data. Under transient-state conditions, the simulated floodplain aquifer and regional aquifer hydrographs matched the general trends observed for the measured water levels. The simulated streamflow hydrographs matched wet stress period average flow rates and times of no flow at the Barstow and Afton Canyon gages. Steady-state particle-tracking was used to estimate travel times for mountain-front and streamflow recharge. The simulated travel times for mountain-front recharge to reach the area west of Victorville were about 5,000 to 6,000 years; this result is in reasonable agreement with published results. Steady-state particle-tracking results for streamflow recharge indicate that in most subareas along the river, the particles quickly leave and reenter the river. The complaint that resulted in the adjudication of the Mojave River ground-water basin alleged that the cumulative water production upstream of the city of Barstow had overdrafted the ground-water basin. In order to ascertain the effect of pumping on ground-water and surface-water relations along the Mojave River, two pumping simulations were compared with the 1931-90 transient-state simulation (base case). The first simulation assumed 1931-90 pumping in the upper region (Este, Oeste, Alto, and Transition zone model subareas) but with no pumping in the remainder of the basin, and the second assumed 1931-90 pumping in the lower region (Centro, Harper Lake, Baja, Coyote Lake, and Afton Canyon model subareas) but with no pumping in remainder of the basin. In the upper region, assuming pumping only in the upper region, there was no change in storage, recharge from the Mojave River, ground-water discharge to the Mojave River, or evapotranspiration when compared with the base case. In the lower region, assuming pumping only in the upper region, there was storage accretion, decreased recharge from the Mojave River, increased ground-water discharge to the Mojave River, and increased evapotranspiration when compared with the base case. In the upper region, assuming pumping only in the lower region, there was storage accretion, decreased recharge from the Mojave River, increased ground-water discharge to the Mojave River, and increased evapotranspiration when compared with the base case. In the
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri014002","usgsCitation":"Stamos, C., Martin, P., Nishikawa, T., and Cox, B.F., 2001, Simulation of ground-water flow in the Mojave River basin, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4002, Report: viii, 129 p.; Errata; 2 video files, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014002.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 129 p.; Errata; 2 video files","numberOfPages":"137","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157028,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri014002.JPG"},{"id":299437,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri014002/pdf/wrir014002.pdf","text":"PDF Version 1","size":"5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":1846,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri014002","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":299443,"rank":9,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri014002/video/wrir014002.m4v","text":"A two-dimensional view of the model simulation--simulation period 1931-99 (.m4v)","size":"1.9 MB"},{"id":299442,"rank":8,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri014002/video/wrir014002.mov","text":"A two-dimensional view of the model simulation--simulation period 1931-99 (.mov)","size":"3.1 MB"},{"id":299441,"rank":7,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri014002/pdf/cover.pdf","text":"Cover","size":"7.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":299440,"rank":6,"type":{"id":12,"text":"Errata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri014002/errata/wrir014002.errata.html","text":"Errata sheet"},{"id":299439,"rank":5,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri014002/pdf/wrir014002_ver3.pdf","text":"PDF Version 3","size":"5.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":299438,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri014002/pdf/wrir014002_ver2.pdf","text":"PDF Version 2","size":"5.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.05908203124999,\n 34.14363482031264\n ],\n [\n -118.05908203124999,\n 36.05798104702501\n ],\n [\n -115.59814453125001,\n 36.05798104702501\n ],\n [\n -115.59814453125001,\n 34.14363482031264\n ],\n [\n -118.05908203124999,\n 34.14363482031264\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f8e4b07f02db5f298b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stamos, Christina L. 0000-0002-1007-9352","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1007-9352","contributorId":19593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stamos","given":"Christina L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, Peter pmmartin@usgs.gov","contributorId":799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Peter","email":"pmmartin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":194990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nishikawa, Tracy 0000-0002-7348-3838 tnish@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-3838","contributorId":1515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishikawa","given":"Tracy","email":"tnish@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":194991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cox, Brett F. bcox@usgs.gov","contributorId":5793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"Brett","email":"bcox@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":194992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":26715,"text":"wri004286 - 2001 - Investigation of Ground-Water Availability and Quality in Orange County, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-08T13:40:47","indexId":"wri004286","displayToPublicDate":"2002-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4286","title":"Investigation of Ground-Water Availability and Quality in Orange County, North Carolina","docAbstract":"A countywide inventory was conducted of 649 wells in nine hydrogeologic units in Orange County, North Carolina. As a result of this inventory, estimates of ground-water availability and use were calculated, and water-quality results were obtained from 51 wells sampled throughout the County from December 1998 through January 1999. The typical well in Orange County has an average depth of 208 feet, an average casing length of 53.6 feet, a static water level of 26.6 feet, a yield of 17.6 gallons per minute, and a well casing diameter of 6.25 inches. The saturated thickness of the regolith averages 27.0 feet and the yield per foot of total well depth averages 0.119 gallon per minute per foot. Two areas of the County are more favorable for high-yield wells—a west-southwest to east-northeast trending area in the northwestern part of the County, and a southwest to northeast trending area in the southwestern part of the County. Well yields in Orange County show little correlation with topographic or hydrogeologic setting.
Fifty-one sampling locations were selected based on (a) countywide areal distribution, (b) weighted distribution among hydrogeologic units, and (c) permission from homeowners. The list of analytes for the sampling program consisted of common anions and cations, metals and trace elements, nutrients, organic compounds, and radon. Samples were screened for the presence of fuel compounds and pesticides by using immuno-assay techniques. Dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature, specific conductance, and alkalinity were measured in the field. The median pH was 6.9, which is nearly neutral, and the median hardness was 75 milligrams per liter calcium carbonate. The median dissolved solids concentration was 125 milligrams per liter, and the median specific conductance was 175 microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius. Orange County ground water is classified as a calcium-bicarbonate type.
High nutrient concentrations were not found in samples collected for this study. Nitrate was detected in 82 percent of the samples at concentrations ranging up to 7.2 milligrams per liter, although the median concentration was 0.49 milligram per liter; all other samples had a concentration of 2.9 milligrams per liter or less. In general, trace elements were detected infrequently or at concentrations less than State drinking-water standards. However, exceedances of North Carolina drinking-water standards were observed for iron (3 exceedances of 51 analyses, detection up to 1,100 micrograms per liter), manganese (12 exceedances of 51 analyses, detection up to 890 micrograms per liter), and zinc (4 exceedances of 31 analyses, detection up to 4,900 micrograms per liter). Lead was detected in 8 of 31 samples with a concentration up to 3.5 micrograms per liter. Zinc, manganese, iron, and copper were the most frequently detected trace metals at 100, 94, 80, and 61 percent, respectively. Lead, arsenic, bromide, alum inum, and selenium were detected in 13 to 26 percent of the analyses. No benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) or atrazine compounds were detected in any of the samples.
Radon activities in ground water can be high because of the rock units present in Orange County. Radon activity ranged from 38 to 4,462 picocuries per liter countywide, with a median activity of 405 picocuries per liter. Median radon activities in Orange County were highest in felsic rocks (487 picocuries per liter) and lowest in mafic rocks (357 picocuries per liter). When evaluated by individual hydrogeologic units, the median radon activity was highest in the phyllite unit (1,080 picocuries per liter in 2 samples) and the felsic metaigneous unit (571 picocuries per liter in 13 samples).
Overall, water-quality data in Orange County indicate few drinking-water concerns. No organic contaminants analyzed (total BTEX and atrazine) or excessive nutrient concentrations were detected, and few exceedances of North Carolina drinking- water standards were detected.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri004286","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Orange County, North Carolina","usgsCitation":"Cunningham, W.L., and Daniel, C.C., 2001, Investigation of Ground-Water Availability and Quality in Orange County, North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4286, vi, 59 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004286.","productDescription":"vi, 59 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":2053,"rank":100,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4286/wri20004286.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 2000-4286"},{"id":158246,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4286/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","county":"Orange County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-79.1538,36.2422],[-78.9507,36.2393],[-79.0124,35.886],[-79.0142,35.8755],[-79.0161,35.8633],[-79.0831,35.8611],[-79.1262,35.8651],[-79.2521,35.8768],[-79.2588,35.8859],[-79.2598,35.9027],[-79.2711,35.9091],[-79.2756,35.9101],[-79.2637,36.0307],[-79.2593,36.2443],[-79.1538,36.2422]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Orange\",\"state\":\"NC\"}}]}","contact":"Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Columbia, SC 29210
This report presents the locations, descriptions, analytical procedures used, and an inter-lab comparison of over 1100 geochemical analyses of samples of soil and sediment in and downstream of a major lead-zinc-silver mining district in the Coeur d'Alene (CdA) drainage basin of northern Idaho. The samples fall in 3 broad categories: (1) samples from vertical profiles of floodplain soils in the valley of the main stem of the CdA River (767 samples) and of the South Fork of the CdA River (38 samples), (2) size fractionated surficial samples of sediment bedload within the channel of the South Fork of the CdA River (68 samples), and (3) samples from vertical profiles of sediment bedload within the channel of the main stem of the CdA River (260 samples).
\nFive different laboratories contributed geochemical data for this report. Four of the five laboratories employed analytical methods that require sample dissolution prior to analysis; one laboratory (US Geological Survey) used analytical instrumentation (energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence [EDXRF]) that is applied to pulverized samples. Some dissolution procedures use four acids (hydrochloric, nitric, perchloric, and hydrofluoric; Eastern Washington University [EWU] Geochemical Laboratory and XRAL Laboratories, Inc.), others use two acids (nitric acid and aqua regia; CHEMEX Labs, Inc.), and some use only concentrated nitric acid (ACZ Laboratories, Inc.). Most analyses of dissolved samples were done by Inductively Coupled Plasma - Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) or by ICP - MS (Mass Spectroscopy). Some analyses for Ag and K were done by Flame Atomic Absorption (FAA).
\nInter-laboratory comparisons are made for 6 elements: lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), iron\n(Fe), manganese (Mn), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Cd). In general inter-laboratory correlations are better for samples within the compositional range of the Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Analyses by EWU are the most accurate relative to the NIST standards (mean recoveries within 1% for Pb, Fe, Mn, and As, 3% for Zn and 5% for Cd) and are the most precise (within 7% of the mean at the 95% confidence interval). USGS-EDXRF is similarly accurate for Pb and Zn. XRAL and ACZ are relatively accurate for Pb (within 5-8% of certified NIST values), but were considerably less accurate for the other 5 elements of concern (10-25% of NIST values). However, analyses of sample splits by more than one laboratory reveal that, for some elements, XRAL (Pb, Mn, Cd) and ACZ (Pb, Mn, Zn, Fe) analyses were comparable to EWU analyses of the same samples (when values are within the range of NIST SRMs). These results suggest that, for some elements, XRAL and ACZ dissolutions are more effective on the matrix of the CdA samples than on the matrix of the NIST samples (obtained from soils around Butte, Montana). Splits of CdA samples analyzed by CHEMEX were the least accurate, yielding values 10-25% less than those of EWU.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr2001139","usgsCitation":"Box, S.E., Bookstrom, A.A., Ikramuddin, M., and Lindsay, J., 2001, Geochemical analysis of soils and sediments, Coeur d'Alene drainage basin, Idaho: sampling, analytical methods, and results (Online version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-139, Report: 70 p.; ReadMe; Complete digital data package; Metadata; 7 Appendices: xls and dbf files, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2001139.","productDescription":"Report: 70 p.; ReadMe; Complete digital data package; Metadata; 7 Appendices: xls and dbf files","numberOfPages":"206","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1993-01-01","temporalEnd":"2000-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":658,"text":"Western Mineral Resources","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":175484,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr2001139.PNG"},{"id":10780,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/of01-139/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":291343,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/of01-139/of01-139.pdf"},{"id":291344,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/of01-139/readme.txt"},{"id":291345,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/of01-139/of01-139.zip"},{"id":291346,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/of01-139/of01-139.met.txt"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Coeur D�alene Drainage Basin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.733333,47.466667 ], [ -116.733333,47.583333 ], [ -115.716667,47.583333 ], [ -115.716667,47.466667 ], [ -116.733333,47.466667 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Online version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db6487f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Box, Stephen E. 0000-0002-5268-8375 sbox@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5268-8375","contributorId":1843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Box","given":"Stephen","email":"sbox@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bookstrom, Arthur A. 0000-0003-1336-3364 abookstrom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1336-3364","contributorId":1542,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bookstrom","given":"Arthur","email":"abookstrom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ikramuddin, Mohammed","contributorId":46115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ikramuddin","given":"Mohammed","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lindsay, James","contributorId":34993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindsay","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70207847,"text":"70207847 - 2001 - Using high-resolution aeromagnetic surveys to map subsurface hydrogeology in sediment-filled basins: A case study over the Rio Grande Rift, Central New Mexico, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-15T15:54:47","indexId":"70207847","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-31T15:47:14","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1612,"text":"Exploration Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using high-resolution aeromagnetic surveys to map subsurface hydrogeology in sediment-filled basins: A case study over the Rio Grande Rift, Central New Mexico, USA","docAbstract":"High-resolution aeromagnetic surveys were acquired for the Albuquerque basin in the central Rio Grande rift, a basin filled with poorly consolidated sediments. The surveys proved successful in efficiently and economically mapping previously unknown hydrogeologic features of the shallow subsurface. This success suggests that aeromagnetic methods may be useful in hydrogeologic studies of other sediment-filled basins.
The aeromagnetic surveys were used primarily to delineate buried igneous rocks and to locate faults within the basin fill, both important for understanding the subsurface hydrogeology. Buried igneous rocks were recognized from their high-frequency, high-amplitude magnetic responses and characteristic map patterns. The horizontal-gradient and local wavenumber methods were used to obtain estimates of their source depths.
The aeromagnetic surveys were also successfully used to locate faults within the basin fill. Magnetic signatures associated with faults are produced by the juxtaposition of sediments having differing magnetic properties rather than the products of secondary processes. Expression of faults is abundant throughout the basin, revealing patterns that cannot be mapped at the surface due to widespread cover.
A fault signature recognized in the high-resolution data that has multiple inflection points is best explained by a fault with a thin magnetic layer on the upthrown block and thick magnetic layer on the downthrown block, called the thin-thick layers model. Geologically, this signature indicates erosion of the upthrown block or a growth-faulting scenario: fault-controlled sedimentation for faults that offset sediments, and successive accumulation of basalt on the downthrown block for faults that offset volcanic rocks.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1071/EG01209","usgsCitation":"Grauch, V.J., 2001, Using high-resolution aeromagnetic surveys to map subsurface hydrogeology in sediment-filled basins: A case study over the Rio Grande Rift, Central New Mexico, USA: Exploration Geophysics, v. 32, no. 3-4, p. 209-213, https://doi.org/10.1071/EG01209.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"213","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371275,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico ","otherGeospatial":"Rio Grande Rift","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.083740234375,\n 33.44977658311846\n ],\n [\n -105.62255859375,\n 33.44977658311846\n ],\n [\n -105.62255859375,\n 36.12900165569652\n ],\n [\n -107.083740234375,\n 36.12900165569652\n ],\n [\n -107.083740234375,\n 33.44977658311846\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"32","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grauch, V. J. S. 0000-0002-0761-3489 tien@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-3489","contributorId":886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"V.","email":"tien@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J. S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70231710,"text":"70231710 - 2001 - A strategy for estimating tree canopy density using Landsat 7 ETM+ and high resolution images over large areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-23T16:11:59.359135","indexId":"70231710","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-31T11:08:39","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A strategy for estimating tree canopy density using Landsat 7 ETM+ and high resolution images over large areas","docAbstract":"Forest cover is of great interest to a variety of scientific and land management applications, many of which require not only information on forest categories, but also tree canopy density. In previous studies, large area tree canopy density had been estimated at spatial resolutions of 1km or coarser using coarse resolution satellite images. In this study, a strategy is developed for estimating tree canopy density at a spatial resolution of 30 m. This strategy is based on empirical relationships between tree canopy density and Landsat data, established using linear regression and regression tree techniques. One-meter digital orthophoto quadrangles were used to derive reference tree canopy density data needed for calibrating the relationships between canopy density and Landsat spectral data. This strategy was tested over three areas of the United States. In general, models derived using both linear regression and regression tree techniques were statistically significant. The regression tree was found more robust than linear regression, primary due to its capability of approximating complex non-linear relationships using a set of linear equations. This strategy will be recommended for use in developing a nation wide tree canopy density data set at a 30 m resolution as part of the Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics 2000 project.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the third international conference on geospatial information in agriculture and forestry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Third International Conference on Geospatial Information in Agriculture and Forestry","conferenceDate":"Nov 5-7, 2001","conferenceLocation":"Denver. CO","language":"English","publisher":"Veridian","usgsCitation":"Huang, C., Yang, L., Wylie, B.K., and Homer, C.G., 2001, A strategy for estimating tree canopy density using Landsat 7 ETM+ and high resolution images over large areas, in Proceedings of the third international conference on geospatial information in agriculture and forestry, Denver. CO, Nov 5-7, 2001, 10 p.","productDescription":"10 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400898,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huang, Chengquan","contributorId":25378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"Chengquan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":843500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yang, Limin 0000-0002-2843-6944 lyang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2843-6944","contributorId":4305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"Limin","email":"lyang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":843501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wylie, Bruce K. 0000-0002-7374-1083 wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","email":"wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":843502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Homer, Collin G. 0000-0003-4755-8135 homer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4755-8135","contributorId":2262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Homer","given":"Collin","email":"homer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":843503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70216719,"text":"70216719 - 2001 - Techniques for estimating sediment yield of ungaged tributaries on the southern Colorado Plateau","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-02T16:28:18.645401","indexId":"70216719","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-31T10:21:39","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Techniques for estimating sediment yield of ungaged tributaries on the southern Colorado Plateau","docAbstract":"Numerous regional sediment transport data are used to evaluate three techniques for estimating streamflow sediment yield from ungaged tributaries of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon. These techniques include: (1) a regression equation relating drainage area to sediment yield for all relevant sediment-yield data from northern Arizona, (2) an empirical relation developed by Renard (1972) selected from 8 potentially relevant methods, and (3) a new procedure that combines regional flood-frequency analysis with sediment-rating curves. Results based on techniques (1) and (2) are not significantly different. The third technique requires numerous assumptions, most notably that sediment yield on a decadal average can be described by several floods of recurrence intervals of 2 yr, 5 yr, and 10 yr described by regional flood-frequency relations. Using data collected at gaging stations, we develop a relation between peak discharge and total-event sediment yield derived from hydrographs and sediment-rating curves. This third technique produces sediment yield estimates comparable to those of the regional data regression and Renard (1972) relations and may be a more robust technique for estimating sediment yield when streamflow data are available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Seventh Federal interagency sedimentation conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Seventh Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference","conferenceDate":"Mar 25-29, 2001","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-agency Committee on Water Resources. Subcommittee on Sedimentation","usgsCitation":"Webb, R., Griffiths, P.G., and Hartley, D.R., 2001, Techniques for estimating sediment yield of ungaged tributaries on the southern Colorado Plateau, in Proceedings of the Seventh Federal interagency sedimentation conference, v. 7, Reno, NV, Mar 25-29, 2001, p. I-24-I-31.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"I-24","endPage":"I-31","costCenters":[{"id":49157,"text":"Rocky Mountain Regional Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":380925,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River, Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.06005859375,\n 35.51434313431818\n ],\n [\n -111.1376953125,\n 35.51434313431818\n ],\n [\n -111.1376953125,\n 36.89719446989036\n ],\n [\n -114.06005859375,\n 36.89719446989036\n ],\n [\n -114.06005859375,\n 35.51434313431818\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Webb, Robert rhwebb@usgs.gov","contributorId":187755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Robert","email":"rhwebb@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":805972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Griffiths, Peter G. 0000-0002-8663-8907 pggriffi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8663-8907","contributorId":187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffiths","given":"Peter","email":"pggriffi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":805973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hartley, Daniel R.","contributorId":8891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartley","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":805974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70231701,"text":"70231701 - 2001 - Use of the USDA Forest Service Geographic Information System for determining cover type use by white-tailed deer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-23T15:02:00.383102","indexId":"70231701","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-31T09:53:10","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Use of the USDA Forest Service Geographic Information System for determining cover type use by white-tailed deer","docAbstract":"Cover type use by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus dacotensis) in the central Black Hills of South Dakota was compared to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service digital data using a Geographic Information System (GIS). Cover types were determined from observations of radiocollared deer and random locations and from corresponding point locations in the Forest Service digital data. Cover type information was collected at 3,145 white-tailed deer locations and 1,044 random locations. On winter range, cover types determined from observations of radiocollared deer included pine (Pinus ponderosa), pine-deciduous, aspen (Populus tremuloides), aspen-coniferous, burned pine, and meadows; cover types determined from Forest Service data included pine, aspen, grasslands, and private land. On summer range, cover types determined from observations of radiocollared deer included pine, pine-deciduous, aspen, aspen-coniferous, white spruce (Picea glauca), white spruce-deciduous, and meadows; cover types determined from Forest Service digital map data included pine, aspen, grasslands, and private land. Cover types used by white-tailed deer compared to the Forest Service data resulted in 42% agreement on summer range and 62% agreement on winter range. On winter and summer range, Forest Service data tended to overestimate ponderosa pine and aspen habitats used by white-tailed deer, while failing to account for mixed (secondary) cover types. To improve the accuracy of habitat management decisions relative to white-tailed deer, the Forest Service GIS would be strengthened if mixed (secondary) cover type classifications were included in the database.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the South Dakota academy of science, vol. 80","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"South Dakota Academy of Science","usgsCitation":"DePerno, C.S., Jenks, J., Griffin, S.L., and Klaver, R.W., 2001, Use of the USDA Forest Service Geographic Information System for determining cover type use by white-tailed deer, in Proceedings of the South Dakota academy of science, vol. 80, v. 80, p. 201-211.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"201","endPage":"211","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400890,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":400888,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://sdaos.org/proceedings/"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Black Hills","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.534912109375,\n 43.068887774169625\n ],\n [\n -103.271484375,\n 43.068887774169625\n ],\n [\n -103.271484375,\n 44.645208223744035\n ],\n [\n -104.534912109375,\n 44.645208223744035\n ],\n [\n -104.534912109375,\n 43.068887774169625\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"80","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DePerno, Christopher S.","contributorId":10327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DePerno","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":843471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenks, Jonathan A.","contributorId":264322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jenks","given":"Jonathan A.","affiliations":[{"id":5089,"text":"South Dakota State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":843472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Griffin, Steven L.","contributorId":291952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Griffin","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":843473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Klaver, Robert W. 0000-0002-3263-9701 bklaver@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3263-9701","contributorId":3285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaver","given":"Robert","email":"bklaver@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":843474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70231698,"text":"70231698 - 2001 - Transboundary movement of airborne pollutants — A methodology for integrating spaceborne images and ground based data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-23T14:31:41.987169","indexId":"70231698","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-31T09:24:41","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesNumber":"UNEP/DEWA/RS 01-4","title":"Transboundary movement of airborne pollutants — A methodology for integrating spaceborne images and ground based data","docAbstract":"The availability of relevant and accurate environmental information is essential for environmental policy-makers. Recent improvements in satellite remote sensing technologies, groundbased monitors, and data access have resulted in the ability to observe and assess major atmospheric and ecological events around the world on a timely basis Each of these monitoring technologies reveals different and useful information, yet rarely are the resulting data sets used together in an integrated manner. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Global Resource Information Database (GRID) office in Sioux Falls identified an environmental issue of global interest as a test case for applying an integrated approach: the transboundary movement of atmospheric pollutants.
Transboundary movement of atmospheric pollutants has ramifications for human and environmental health, as well as economic impacts. As a result, it is the focus of many bilateral, regional, and international policy efforts. A central question with atmospheric pollutant transport is how to monitor pollutant movement and how to merge different monitoring datasets into useful information. Highly visible regional plumes of dust, smoke, and urban haze can be seen with satellite sensors, while ground-based monitoring of air pollutants such as fine particulates, SO2 , and toxics occurs at the local level. Integration of these two kinds of measurements allows the user to remotely observe large environmental effects in many areas of the world, while obtaining more detailed information from ground-based monitors. Hence, the combination of satellite-based sensor data and ground-based monitoring data promotes greater understanding of the movement of pollutants than either data set alone. Combined data sets are important for use by both scientists and international policy-makers.
A standard methodology did not exist to guide and encourage integrated use of satellite images and ground-based data to monitor and understand major pollution events, such as air pollution. Thus, a small team was assembled to develop a methodology for the integration of satellite images and ground-based data. First, we conducted a literature and project review covering past and current integrated remote and ground-based data projects, a literature search of published work, and a search of data sets and technologies that could be used in a combined form. Second, based on this search and documentation, a general methodology was developed for using integrated spaceborne and ground-based data sets, intended as a guide for general scientists and policy-makers. Third, we found an existing project that was willing to be a pilot for testing the methodology: a U.S. EPANOAA project that was using aerial and ground-based sampling to learn more about the airborne sources of mercury deposition in the Florida Everglades.
This document presents the results of the literature and project review, the complete methodology, and the outcome of the Florida Everglades pilot project.
","language":"English","publisher":"United Nations Environment Programme","usgsCitation":"Engel-Cox, J., DeFelice, T.P., and Falk, S., 2001, Transboundary movement of airborne pollutants — A methodology for integrating spaceborne images and ground based data, vii, 64 p.","productDescription":"vii, 64 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400885,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":400884,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://na.unep.net/siouxfalls/reparchive.php"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Engel-Cox, Jill","contributorId":291949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engel-Cox","given":"Jill","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":843463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeFelice, Thomas P.","contributorId":103831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeFelice","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":843464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Falk, Stefan","contributorId":291950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Falk","given":"Stefan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":843465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185778,"text":"70185778 - 2001 - South China Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-29T09:23:26","indexId":"70185778","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"South China Sea","docAbstract":"The South China Sea is poorly understood in terms of its marine biota, ecology and the human impacts upon it. What is known is most often contained in reports and workshop and conference documents that are not available to the wider scientific community. The South China Sea has an area of some 3.3 million km2 and depths range from the shallowest coastal fringe to 5377 m in the Manila Trench. It is also studded with numerous islets, atolls and reefs many of which are just awash at low tide. It is largely confined within the Tropic of Cancer and, therefore, experiences a monsoonal climate being influenced by the Southwest Monsoon in summer and the Northeast Monsoon in winter. The South China Sea is a marginal sea and, therefore, largely surrounded by land. Countries that have a major influence on and claims to the sea include China, Malaysia, the Philippines and Vietnam, although Thailand, Indonesia and Taiwan have some too. The coastal fringes of the South China Sea are home to about 270 million people that have had some of the fastest developing and most vibrant economies on the globe. Consequently, anthropogenic impacts, such as over-exploitation of resources and pollution, are anticipated to be huge although, in reality, relatively little is known about them. The Indo-West Pacific biogeographic province, at the centre of which the South China Sea lies, is probably the world's most diverse shallow-water marine area. Of the three major nearshore habitat types, i.e., coral reefs, mangroves and seagrasses, 45 mangrove species out of a global of 51, most of the currently recognised 70 coral genera and 20 of 50 known seagrass species have been recorded from the South China Sea. The island groups of the South China Sea are all disputed and sovereignty is claimed over them by a number of countries. Conflicts have in recent decades arisen over them because of perceived national rights. It is perhaps because of this that so little research has been undertaken on the South China Sea. What data are available, however, and if Hong Kong is used , as it is herein, as an indicator of what the perturbations of other regional cities upon the South China Sea are like, then it is impacted grossly and an ecological disaster has probably already, but unknowingly, happened.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","usgsCitation":"Morton, B., and Blackmore, G., 2001, South China Sea: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 42, no. 12, p. 1236-1263.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"1236","endPage":"1263","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338521,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":338519,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0025326X/42/12"}],"otherGeospatial":"South China Sea","volume":"42","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58dcc802e4b02ff32c6856d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morton, Brian","contributorId":189993,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morton","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blackmore, Graham","contributorId":189994,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blackmore","given":"Graham","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70201655,"text":"70201655 - 2001 - Validation of the USGS sensor model for topographic mapping of Venus using Magellan radar stereoimagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-20T11:04:49","indexId":"70201655","displayToPublicDate":"2001-12-19T15:33:53","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Validation of the USGS sensor model for topographic mapping of Venus using Magellan radar stereoimagery","docAbstract":"The Magellan spacecraft went into Venus orbit in 1990 and by 1992 had made three complete cycles of polar orbits, each cycle covering the full range of longitudes. During this time the spacecraft obtained synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of >96% of the planet at a resolution of 75 m/pixel. Images taken with a decreased look angle from vertical, primarily during Cycle 3, provide stereo coverage of 17% of the planet when combined with images with same-side illumination from earlier in the mission. The stereo geometry of these images is extremely favorable, allowing elevation measurements with an estimated vertical precision (EP) of ~10 m. Magellan also obtained radar altimetry data at a horizontal resolution of 10x25 km, but photogrammetric analysis of the stereoimagery can yield topographic maps with a horizontal resolution more than an order of magnitude superior to that of the altimeter.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Planetary Mapping: ISPRS Working Group IV/9 Workshop Proceedings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Planetary Mapping: ISPRS Working Group IV/9 Workshop","conferenceDate":"2001","language":"English","publisher":"English","usgsCitation":"Howington-Kraus, E., Kirk, R.L., Galuszka, D.M., Hare, T.M., and Redding, B.L., 2001, Validation of the USGS sensor model for topographic mapping of Venus using Magellan radar stereoimagery, in Planetary Mapping: ISPRS Working Group IV/9 Workshop Proceedings, 2001, 7 p.","productDescription":"7 p.","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":360581,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Venus","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c1b66e8e4b0708288c71d4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howington-Kraus, Elpitha 0000-0001-5787-6554 ahowington@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5787-6554","contributorId":2815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howington-Kraus","given":"Elpitha","email":"ahowington@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirk, Randolph L. 0000-0003-0842-9226 rkirk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226","contributorId":2765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirk","given":"Randolph","email":"rkirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Galuszka, Donna M. 0000-0003-1870-1182 dgaluszka@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1870-1182","contributorId":3186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galuszka","given":"Donna","email":"dgaluszka@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hare, Trent M. 0000-0001-8842-389X thare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8842-389X","contributorId":3188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hare","given":"Trent","email":"thare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Redding, Bonnie L. 0000-0001-8178-1467 bredding@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8178-1467","contributorId":4798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Redding","given":"Bonnie","email":"bredding@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":754730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}