Magnetotelluric data collected along four, regional scale, southwest-to-northeast profiles show deep resistivity structures beneath the Battle Mountain-Eureka and Carlin gold trends in north-central Nevada, which appear consistent with tectonic breaks in the crust that possibly served as channels for hydrothermal fluids. It seems likely that gold deposits along these linear trends were, therefore, controlled by deep regional crustal fault systems.
Two-dimensional resistivity modeling of the magnetotelluric data generally show resistive (30 to 1,000 ohm-m) crustal blocks broken by narrow, sub-vertical, two-dimensional, conductive (1 to 10 ohm-m) zones that are indicative of large-scale crustal fault zones. These inferred fault zones are regional in scale, trend southeast-to-northwest, and extend to mid-crustal (20 km) depths. The conductors are about 3 to 15 km wide, extend from 1 to 8 km below the surface to about 20 km depth, and show two- dimensional electrical structure with general north to northwesterly strikes. From connecting the locations of the conductors together, a single regional crustal fault zone can be inferred that is about 10 km wide within the upper crust and about 150-km long. It coincides with the Battle Mountain-Eureka mineral trend. The images also show regional changes in the resistive crust from north to south. Most of Reese River Valley and Boulder Valley are underlain by a thick (20 km) southwest-to-northeast section of conductive (1 to 10 ohm-m) rock, suggesting that high-temperature fluids are more pervasive in this area (Battle Mountain Heat-Flow High), which implies that the crust beneath these valleys is more fractured than in the areas surveyed to the south.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr01346","usgsCitation":"Rodriguez, B.D., and Williams, J.M., 2001, Deep regional resistivity structure across the Battle Mountain-Eureka and Carlin trends, north-central Nevada (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-346, 165 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01346.","productDescription":"165 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":413772,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_43391.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":2997,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0346/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":159952,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Battle Mountain-Eureka and Carlin trends","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.9,\n 41.2\n ],\n [\n -115.9,\n 39.525\n ],\n [\n -117.217,\n 39.525\n ],\n [\n -117.217,\n 41.2\n ],\n [\n -115.9,\n 41.2\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672547","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodriguez, Brian D. 0000-0002-2263-611X brod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2263-611X","contributorId":836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Brian","email":"brod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, Jackie M.","contributorId":11217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Jackie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30669,"text":"ds62C - 2001 - Global GIS database. Digital atlas of South Asia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-10T15:16:29.480261","indexId":"ds62C","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"62","chapter":"C","title":"Global GIS database. Digital atlas of South Asia","docAbstract":"This CD-ROM contains a digital atlas of the countries of South Asia. This atlas is part of a global database compiled from USGS and other data sources at a nominal scale 1:1 million and is intended to be used as a regional-scale reference and analytical tool by government officials, researchers, the private sector, and the general public. The atlas includes free GIS software or may be used with ESRI's ArcView software. Customized ArcView tools, specifically designed to make the atlas easier to use, are also included.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds62C","usgsCitation":"Hearn, P., Hare, T., Schruben, P., Sherrill, D., LaMar, C., and Tsushima, P., 2001, Global GIS database. Digital atlas of South Asia: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 62, CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds62C.","productDescription":"1 CD-ROM","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":163172,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":502691,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0062/USGS_DDS62C.zip","text":"CD-ROM","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}}],"otherGeospatial":"South Asia","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abee4b07f02db674fb6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hearn, Paul phearn@usgs.gov","contributorId":176504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hearn","given":"Paul","email":"phearn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":203673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hare, T.M. 0000-0001-8842-389X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8842-389X","contributorId":43828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hare","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schruben, P.","contributorId":93039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schruben","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sherrill, D.","contributorId":103669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrill","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"LaMar, C.","contributorId":18353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaMar","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tsushima, P.","contributorId":28968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tsushima","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":58058,"text":"wri20014194 - 2001 - Water-quality characteristics in the Black Hills area, South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:13","indexId":"wri20014194","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4194","title":"Water-quality characteristics in the Black Hills area, South Dakota","docAbstract":"This report summarizes the water-quality characteristics of ground-water and surface-water in the Black Hills area. Differences in groundwater quality by aquifer and differences in surfacewater quality by water source are presented. Ground-water characteristics are discussed individually for each of the major aquifers in the Black Hills area, referred to herein as the Precambrian, Deadwood, Madison, Minnelusa, Minnekahta, and Inyan Kara aquifers. Characteristics for minor aquifers also are discussed briefly. Surface-water characteristics are discussed for hydrogeologic settings including headwater springs, crystalline core sites, artesian springs, and exterior sites.\r\n\r\nTo characterize the water quality of aquifers and streams in the Black Hills area, data from the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System water-quality database were examined. This included samples collected as part of the Black Hills Hydrology Study as well as for other studies within the time frame of October 1, 1930, to September 30, 1998. Tables of individual results are not presented in this report, only summaries. Constituents summarized and discussed include physical properties, common ions, nutrients, trace elements, and radionuclides. Comparisons of concentration levels are made to drinking-water standards as well as beneficial-use and aquatic-life criteria.\r\n\r\nGround water within the Black Hills and surrounding area generally is fresh and hard to very hard. Concentrations exceeding various Secondary and Maximum Contaminant Levels may affect the use of the water in some areas for many aquifers within the study area. Concentrations that exceed Secondary Maximum Contaminant Levels (SMCL's) generally affect the water only aesthetically. Radionuclide concentrations may be especially high in some of the major aquifers used within the study area and preclude the use of water in some areas. The sodiumadsorption ratio and specific conductance may affect irrigation use for some wells.\r\n\r\nHigh concentrations of iron and manganese are the only concentrations that may hamper the use of water from Precambrian aquifers. The principal deterrents to use of water from the Deadwood aquifer are the high concentrations of radionuclides as well as iron and manganese. Iron, manganese, and hardness may deter use of water from the Madison aquifer as well as dissolved solids and sulfate in downgradient wells (generally deeper than 2,000 feet). Iron, manganese, and hardness may also deter use of the Minnelusa aquifer. Water from the Minnekahta aquifer generally is suitable for all water uses although it is hard to very hard. High concentrations of dissolved solids, iron, sulfate, and manganese may hamper the use of water from the Inyan Kara aquifer. In the southern Black Hills, radium-226 and uranium concentrations also may preclude use of water from the Inyan Kara aquifer. Suitability for irrigation may be affected by high specific conductance and sodium-adsorption ratio for the Inyan Kara.\r\n\r\nSurface-water quality within the Black Hills and surrounding area generally is very good but the water is hard to very hard. Concentrations of some constituents in the study area tend to be higher exterior to the Black Hills, primarily due to influences from the Cretaceous-age marine shales, including dissolved solids, sodium, sulfate, selenium, and uranium. Headwater springs have relatively constant discharge, specific conductance, dissolved solids, and concentrations of most other constituents.\r\n\r\nConcentrations at crystalline core sites are very similar to those found in samples from Precambrian aquifers. Some high nitrate concentrations greater than the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of 10 mg/L (milligrams per liter) have occurred at Annie Creek near Lead, which have been attributed to mining impacts. Trace elements generally are low with the exception of arsenic, for which 60 percent of samples exceed the proposed MCL of 10 ug/L (micrograms per liter) and one sample","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri20014194","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the \r\nSouth Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources and the West Dakota Water Development District ","usgsCitation":"Williamson, J., and Carter, J.M., 2001, Water-quality characteristics in the Black Hills area, South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4194, 196 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20014194.","productDescription":"196 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":184067,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5987,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri014194/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fafad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williamson, Joyce E. jewillia@usgs.gov","contributorId":1964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williamson","given":"Joyce E.","email":"jewillia@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":258240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carter, Janet M. 0000-0002-6376-3473 jmcarter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6376-3473","contributorId":339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Janet","email":"jmcarter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":258239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":31332,"text":"ofr2001306 - 2001 - Digital archives - Thomas M. Bown's Bighorn Basin maps: The suite of forty-four office master copies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-08T13:36:49.939648","indexId":"ofr2001306","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-306","title":"Digital archives - Thomas M. Bown's Bighorn Basin maps: The suite of forty-four office master copies","docAbstract":"This CD-ROM is a digitally scanned suite of master 'locality' maps produced by Dr. Thomas M. Bown. The maps are archived in the US Geological Survey Field Records. The maps feature annual compilations of newly established fossil (nineteen 7.5 degree maps) of central basin data collections. This master suite of forty-four maps represents a considerably broader geographic range within the basin. Additionally, three field seasons of data were compiled into the master suite of maps after the final editing of the Professional Paper.\r\n\r\nThese maps are the culmination of Dr. Bown's Bighorn Basin research as a vertebrate paleontologist for the USGS. Data include Yale, Wyoming, Duke, Michigan and USGS localities. Practical topographic features are also indicated, such as jeep=trail access, new reservoirs, rerouted roadbeds, measured sections, fossil reconnaissance evaluations (G=good, NG=no good and H=hideous), faults, palcosol stages, and occasionally 'camp' vernacular for locality names.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr2001306","isbn":"0607978317","usgsCitation":"McKinney, K.C., 2001, Digital Archives - Thomas M. Bown's Bighorn Basin Maps: The Suite of Forty-Four Office Master Copies (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-306, Available on CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2001306.","productDescription":"1 CD-ROM","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159926,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":502242,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0306/ofr2001306.zip","text":"CD-ROM","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.11749999999999,43.75 ], [ -109.11749999999999,44.8675 ], [ -107.5,44.8675 ], [ -107.5,43.75 ], [ -109.11749999999999,43.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d681","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKinney, Kevin C. kcmckinney@usgs.gov","contributorId":3406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKinney","given":"Kevin","email":"kcmckinney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":205715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":31121,"text":"ofr9950Z - 2001 - World petroleum assessment 2000; compiled PowerPoint slides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-23T13:21:41","indexId":"ofr9950Z","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-50","chapter":"Z","title":"World petroleum assessment 2000; compiled PowerPoint slides","docAbstract":"The slides in this compilation have been produced for a number of presentations on the World Petroleum Assessment 20000. Many of the figures are taken directly form the publication \"U.S. Geological Survey World Petroleum Assessment 2000\" - Description and Results: USGS Digital Data Series DDS-60, 2000. Some of the slides are modifications of figures from DDS-60, some are new descriptive slides, and a few are new slides. Several of the slides appear to be duplicates, but in fact are slight modifications for format or content from the same image.
Forty-one people participated in this effort as part of the World Energy Assessment Team. The full list of contributors is given ion DDS-60.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9950Z","usgsCitation":"Ahlbrandt, T.S., 2001, World petroleum assessment 2000; compiled PowerPoint slides: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-50, 112 slides, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9950Z.","productDescription":"112 slides","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160547,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2609,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/ofr-99-0050/OF99-50Z/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4ab2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ahlbrandt, Thomas S.","contributorId":57836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ahlbrandt","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":31339,"text":"ofr01335 - 2001 - Potentiometric surface, carbonate-rock province, southern Nevada and southeastern California, 1998-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:01","indexId":"ofr01335","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-335","title":"Potentiometric surface, carbonate-rock province, southern Nevada and southeastern California, 1998-2000","docAbstract":"The carbonate-rock aquifer that underlies most of southern Nevada occupies part of what is known as the carbonate-rock province, a physiographic region that encompasses the eastern two-thirds of the Great Basin. The potential for development of water resources in this aquifer has prompted Federal, State, and local authorities to seek additional information about the quality and quantity of ground water in the carbonate-rock province.\r\n\r\nInvestigations of the region's hydrogeology have been ongoing since the early 1900's. U.S. Geological Survey studies dating from 1975 to 1996 used these data to identify temporal changes of water levels in wells, regional potentiometric surfaces, and the direction of regional ground-water flow in southern Nevada. In the current study, the ground-water potentiometric surface in a 20,000-square-mile section of the regional carbonate-rock aquifer in southern Nevada and southeastern California was identified based on interpretation of water-level data collected from 1998 through 2000. Also included are hydrographs that were constructed from water-level data collected from 1985 through 2000. The hydrographs and accompanying map provide a generalized picture of water levels in consolidated rocks of the southern portion of the carbonate-rock province. Interpretation of the potentiometric surface was constrained by the limited number of wells completed in the carbonate-rock aquifer.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr01335","usgsCitation":"Wilson, J., 2001, Potentiometric surface, carbonate-rock province, southern Nevada and southeastern California, 1998-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-335, 15 p., 1 over-size sheet. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01335.","productDescription":"15 p., 1 over-size sheet. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95913,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0335/report.pdf","size":"1317","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":95914,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0335/plate-1.pdf","size":"4795","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159938,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0335/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":2995,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/ofr01335/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db697449","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, J.W.","contributorId":24331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":31345,"text":"ofr01375 - 2001 - Gravity data along LARSE (Los Angeles Regional Seismic Experiment) Line II, southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-23T15:29:30.393599","indexId":"ofr01375","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-375","title":"Gravity data along LARSE (Los Angeles Regional Seismic Experiment) Line II, southern California","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey conducted a detailed gravity study along part of the Los Angeles Regional Seismic Experiment (LARSE) transect across the San Fernando Basin and Transverse Ranges to help characterize the structure underlying this area. 249 gravity measurements were collected along the transect and to augment regional coverage near the profile. An isostatic gravity low of 50-60 mGal reflects the San Fernando-East Ventura basin. Another prominent isostatic gravity with an amplitude of 30 mGal marks the Antelope Valley basin. Gravity highs occur over the Santa Monica Mountains and the Transverse Ranges. The highest isostatic gravity values coincide with outcrops of Pelona schist.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr01375","usgsCitation":"Wooley, R..., and Langenheim, V., 2001, Gravity data along LARSE (Los Angeles Regional Seismic Experiment) Line II, southern California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-375, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01375.","productDescription":"22 p.","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":282807,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0375/pdf/princfacts.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":389995,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_43756.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":159959,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0375/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":3000,"rank":4,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0375/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":59750,"rank":5,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0375/pdf/of01-375.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.0,\n 34.0\n ],\n [\n -118.0,\n 34.0\n ],\n [\n -118.0,\n 35.167\n ],\n [\n -119.0,\n 35.167\n ],\n [\n -119.0,\n 34.0\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4957e4b0b290850ef135","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wooley, R .J.","contributorId":85998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooley","given":"R","email":"","middleInitial":".J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langenheim, V.E. 0000-0003-2170-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":54956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"V.E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":205740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30947,"text":"wri014220 - 2001 - Hydrogeologic framework of Antelope Valley and Bedell Flat, Washoe County, west-central Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:12","indexId":"wri014220","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4220","title":"Hydrogeologic framework of Antelope Valley and Bedell Flat, Washoe County, west-central Nevada","docAbstract":"Description of the hydrogeologic framework of Antelope Valley and Bedell Flat in west-central Nevada adds to the general knowledge of regional ground-water flow north of the Reno-Sparks metropolitan area. The hydrogeologic framework is defined by the rocks and deposits that transmit ground water or impede its movement and by the combined thickness of Cenozoic deposits. When data are lacking about the subsurface geology of an area, geophysical methods can be used to provide additional information. In this study, gravimetric and seismic-refraction methods were used to infer the form of structural features and to estimate the thickness of Cenozoic deposits in each of the two valleys. In Antelope Valley, the thickness of these deposits probably does not exceed about 300 feet, suggesting that ground-water storage in the basin-fill aquifer is limited. Beneath Bedell Flat is an elongated, northeast-trending structural depression in the pre-Cenozoic basement; the maximum thickness of Cenozoic deposits is about 2,500 feet beneath the south-central part of the valley. Shallow ground water in the northwest corner of Bedell Flat may be a result of decreasing depth to the pre-Cenozoic basement.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri014220","usgsCitation":"Berger, D., Ponce, D., and Ross, W., 2001, Hydrogeologic framework of Antelope Valley and Bedell Flat, Washoe County, west-central Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4220, 11 p., 1 over-size sheet. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014220.","productDescription":"11 p., 1 over-size sheet. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2916,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri014220","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":161150,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":95888,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4220/plate-1.pdf","size":"2115","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db686296","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berger, D.L.","contributorId":106904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ponce, D. A. 0000-0003-4785-7354","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4785-7354","contributorId":104019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ponce","given":"D. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ross, W.C.","contributorId":61461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":30938,"text":"wri014143 - 2001 - Susceptibility index to surface contamination for the Little Cross Creek watershed, Cumberland County, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T16:52:06","indexId":"wri014143","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4143","title":"Susceptibility index to surface contamination for the Little Cross Creek watershed, Cumberland County, North Carolina","docAbstract":"An index of surface-water contamination potential was constructed for the Little Cross Creek Basin, a 9.7-square-mile, water-supply watershed in Cumberland County, North Carolina. The index was developed because previous water-quality investigations raised concerns regarding inputs of bacteria, suspended sediment, and phosphorus from nonpoint sources in the watershed. A geographic information system was used to build map overlays and to categorize and rate three factors that affect the transport of water and contaminants-land-surface slope, distance to water, and land use/land cover. Each factor was weighted to reflect its potential contribution to surface-water contamination; the factors then were combined to estimate susceptibility values for the entire watershed. The numerical susceptibility values were categorized to indicate lowest to highest potential for surface-water contamination, and a map was produced showing the spatial distribution of these categories within the watershed.\n\nThe susceptibility index for about 17 percent of the Little Cross Creek watershed is rated in the high or highest category. These areas have high slopes, short distances to the nearest surface water, impervious land cover, and land uses that generate contaminants. About 38 percent of the watershed area is rated as having low or lowest susceptibility to contamination. These areas contain flat terrain, greater distances to water, land cover that promotes infiltration, and land uses that pose little risk for generating contaminants. Approximately 43 percent of the watershed is in the moderate category of susceptibility. Open water, which is not rated, accounts for the remaining area.\n\nThe susceptibility index provides water-resource managers with a tool that can aid in prioritizing areas within the Little Cross Creek Basin for monitoring, protection, and remediation. Previous suspended sediment, total phosphorus, and fecal coliform data collected in the Little Cross Creek watershed support the results of the susceptibility analysis. Although this susceptibility index is specific to the Little Cross Creek Basin, the methods used to develop the index are transferable to other watersheds.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri014143","usgsCitation":"Giorgino, M., and Terziotti, S., 2001, Susceptibility index to surface contamination for the Little Cross Creek watershed, Cumberland County, North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4143, 1 over-size sheet., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014143.","productDescription":"1 over-size sheet.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":161260,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":274640,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4143/plate-1.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","county":"Cumberland County","otherGeospatial":"Little Cross Creek","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5facf7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Giorgino, M. J.","contributorId":97149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giorgino","given":"M.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Terziotti, Silvia 0000-0003-3559-5844 seterzio@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3559-5844","contributorId":1613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terziotti","given":"Silvia","email":"seterzio@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":204399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":30670,"text":"ds62D - 2001 - Global GIS database. Digital atlas of South Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-10T15:19:42.602272","indexId":"ds62D","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"62","chapter":"D","title":"Global GIS database. Digital atlas of South Pacific","docAbstract":"This CD-ROM contains a digital atlas of the countries of the South Pacific. This atlas is part of a global database compiled from USGS and other data sources at a nominal scale of 1:1 million and is intended to be used as a regional-scale reference and analytical tool by government officials, researchers, the private sector, and the general public. The atlas includes free GIS software or may be used with ESRI's ArcView software. Customized ArcView tools, specifically designed to make the atlas easier to use, are also included.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ds62D","usgsCitation":"Hearn, P., Hare, T., Schruben, P., Sherrill, D., LaMar, C., and Tsushima, P., 2001, Global GIS database. Digital atlas of South Pacific: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 62, CD-ROM, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds62D.","productDescription":"1 CD-ROM","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":502693,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0062/USGS_DDS62D.zip","text":"CD-ROM","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":163173,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"South Pacific","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abee4b07f02db674c43","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hearn, Paul phearn@usgs.gov","contributorId":176504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hearn","given":"Paul","email":"phearn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":203679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hare, T.M. 0000-0001-8842-389X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8842-389X","contributorId":43828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hare","given":"T.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schruben, P.","contributorId":93039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schruben","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sherrill, D.","contributorId":103669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrill","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"LaMar, C.","contributorId":18353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaMar","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tsushima, P.","contributorId":28968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tsushima","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":203677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":31336,"text":"ofr01316 - 2001 - Magnetotelluric data across the Battle Mountain-Eureka Trend in Pumpernickel Valley and Kelly Creek basin, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-08T19:50:49.831856","indexId":"ofr01316","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-316","title":"Magnetotelluric data across the Battle Mountain-Eureka Trend in Pumpernickel Valley and Kelly Creek basin, Nevada","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr01316","usgsCitation":"Williams, J.M., and Rodriguez, B.D., 2001, Magnetotelluric data across the Battle Mountain-Eureka Trend in Pumpernickel Valley and Kelly Creek basin, Nevada (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-316, 94 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01316.","productDescription":"94 p.","numberOfPages":"94","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159935,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2992,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0316/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":406393,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_43387.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Battle Mountain-Eureka Trend in Pumpernickel Valley and Kelly Creek basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.492,\n 40.725\n ],\n [\n -116.917,\n 40.725\n ],\n [\n -116.917,\n 41.125\n ],\n [\n -117.492,\n 41.125\n ],\n [\n -117.492,\n 40.725\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db6493f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Jackie M.","contributorId":11217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Jackie","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodriguez, Brian D. 0000-0002-2263-611X brod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2263-611X","contributorId":836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodriguez","given":"Brian","email":"brod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":31338,"text":"ofr01330 - 2001 - Reprocessing of multi-channel seismic-reflection data collected in the Chukchi Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-21T11:30:13","indexId":"ofr01330","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-330","title":"Reprocessing of multi-channel seismic-reflection data collected in the Chukchi Sea","docAbstract":"Contained on this set of two CD-ROMs are stacked and migrated multi-channel seismic-reflection data for 44 lines recorded in the Chukchi Sea, northern Alaska, by the United States Geological Survey in 1977, 1978, and 1980. All data were reprocessed by the USGS in 2000 using updated methods. The resulting final data have both increased temporal and spatial resolution thus providing improved interpretability. An added benefit of these CD-ROMs is that they are a more stable, long-term archival medium for the data.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr01330","usgsCitation":"Agena, W.F., Lee, M.W., and Hart, P.E., 2001, Reprocessing of multi-channel seismic-reflection data collected in the Chukchi Sea: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-330, 2 CD-ROMs, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01330.","productDescription":"2 CD-ROMs","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159937,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":359638,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0330/ofr01330_1.zip","text":"Disk 1","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":359639,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0330/ofr01330_2.zip","text":"Disk 2","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"}},{"id":2994,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-330/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a55e4b07f02db62cccd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Agena, Warren F. wagena@usgs.gov","contributorId":3181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agena","given":"Warren","email":"wagena@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, Myung W. mlee@usgs.gov","contributorId":779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Myung","email":"mlee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hart, Patrick E. 0000-0002-5080-1426 hart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5080-1426","contributorId":2879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Patrick","email":"hart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":30943,"text":"wri014181 - 2001 - Water quality in the upper Shoal Creek basin, southwestern Missouri, 1999-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:12","indexId":"wri014181","displayToPublicDate":"2001-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4181","title":"Water quality in the upper Shoal Creek basin, southwestern Missouri, 1999-2000","docAbstract":"Results of a water-quality investigation of the upper Shoal Creek Basin in southwestern Missouri\r\nindicate that concentrations of total nitrite plus nitrate as nitrogen (NO2t+NO3t) in water samples\r\nfrom Shoal Creek were unusually large [mean of 2.90 mg/L (milligrams per liter), n (sample size)=60] compared to other Missouri streams (mean of 1.02 mg/L, n=1,340). A comparison of instantaneous base-flow loads of NO2t+NO3t indicates\r\nthat at base-flow conditions, most NO2t+NO3t discharged by Shoal Creek is from nonpoint sources. Nearly all the base-flow instantaneous\r\nload of total phosphorus as P (Pt) discharged\r\nby Shoal Creek can be attributed to effluent from a municipal wastewater treatment plant. Samples collected from a single runoff event indicate that substantial quantities of Pt can be transported during runoff events compared to base-flow transport. Only minor quantities of NO2t+NO3t are transported during runoff events compared to base-flow transport. Fecal coliform bacteria densities at several locations exceed the Missouri Department of Natural\r\nResources (MDNR) standard of 200 col/100 mL (colonies per 100 milliliters) for whole-body contact recreation. During 13 months of monitoring\r\nat 13 stream sites, fecal coliform densities (median of 277 and 400 col/100 mL) at two sites (sites 2 and 3) on Shoal Creek exceeded the MDNR standard at base-flow conditions. The maximum fecal coliform density of 120,000 col/100 mL was detected at site 3 (MDNR monitoring\r\nsite) during a runoff event in April 1999 at a peak discharge of 1,150 ft3/s (cubic feet per second).\r\nFecal coliform densities also exceeded the MDNR standard in three tributaries with the largest\r\ndensities (median of 580 col/100 mL) detected in Pogue Creek. Results of ribopattern analyses indicate that most Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria in water samples from the study area probably are from nonhuman sources. The study area contains about 25,000 cattle, and has an estimated annual production\r\nof 33 million broilers and 300,000 turkeys. Probable nonhuman sources included turkeys, horses, chickens, and cattle; however, wildlife sources such as deer, raccoon, muskrat, and opossum\r\nwere not evaluated. Human waste was an important source of E. coli in water samples collected\r\nat the MDNR monitoring site (site 3) on Shoal Creek and at two tributary sites (Joyce Creek and Woodward Creek). In general, the detection of human ribopatterns was consistent with the detection of organic compounds commonly\r\nassociated with human wastewater such as caffeine, triclosan, or phenol, and the fecal indicators\r\ncholesterol and 3B-coprostanol. Ribopattern analysis indicate that horses were an important source of E. coli in Woodward Creek, which was consistent with horses being pastured immediately upstream from the sampling site on this creek. Pogue Creek contains a large density of turkey barns and five of eight E. coli isolates from one sample from Pogue Creek were matched to turkeys.\r\nWater samples from Pogue Creek generally did not contain detectable concentrations of human wastewater compounds, but one sample did contain detectable quantities of the antibiotics tylosin and lincomycin (widely used in the animal industry), and sulfamethoxazole (human use only). Although promising, the ability of ribopattern\r\nanalyses to positively identify the source of a particular isolate is uncertain because of the small sample size, possible differences between animal source patterns in the study area and database used, lack of native wildlife source patterns, and variation in results depending on the number of possible animal host considered. Results of this study indicate that a trend of increasing fecal coliform densities with increasing time detected by the MDNR is, in part, caused by trends in annual precipitation and stream discharge,\r\nand not necessarily changes in land use or densities of animal operations. A multiple linear regression (MLR) model using specific conductance\r\nand wate","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri014181","usgsCitation":"Schumacher, J., 2001, Water quality in the upper Shoal Creek basin, southwestern Missouri, 1999-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4181, 60 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014181.","productDescription":"60 p. 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","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Preliminary scientific results of the Creede Caldera Continental Scientific Drilling Program, Chapters A-P","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr94260O","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Decker, E.R., 2001, Thermal data for Creede Caldera Moat project coreholes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-260, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94260O.","productDescription":"12 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":52272,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0260o/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":155881,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0260o/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Creede","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.97319030761719,\n 37.791337175930686\n ],\n [\n -106.66351318359375,\n 37.791337175930686\n ],\n [\n -106.66351318359375,\n 37.99183365313853\n ],\n [\n -106.97319030761719,\n 37.99183365313853\n ],\n [\n -106.97319030761719,\n 37.791337175930686\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4be1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Decker, Edward R.","contributorId":23975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Decker","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70180722,"text":"70180722 - 2001 - Preface; Water quality of large U.S. rivers; results from the U.S. Geological Survey's National Stream Quality Accounting Network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-31T16:02:04","indexId":"70180722","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preface; Water quality of large U.S. rivers; results from the U.S. Geological Survey's National Stream Quality Accounting Network","docAbstract":"The mission of the US Geological Survey (USGS) is to assess the quantity and quality of the earth resources of the USA and to provide information that will assist resource managers and policymakers at federal, state and local levels in making sound decisions. Characterizing the water quality of the largest rivers of the USA is a daunting prospect, especially given the resources available for the task. The most effective approach is uncertain and is legitimately a research topic. The National Stream Quality Accounting Network (NASQAN) was redesigned in 1995 to estimate the annual mass flux of constituents at a network of fixed stations in the Mississippi, Rio Grande, Colorado, and Columbia River basins. This special volume of Hydrological Processes contains a series of papers evaluating the data collected by NASQAN during its first 3 years of operation under this design. The NASQAN network complements other USGS national programs that are designed to address water quality at different scales. The National Water-Quality Assessment Program (Hirsch et al., 1988) is designed around river basins of 10 000 to 100 000 km2 (versus these NASQAN basins, which are 650 000 to 3 100 000 km2 at their most downstream stations). The USGS also operates the Hydrologic Benchmark Network that is focused on relatively pristine basins of only 10 to 100 km2 (Mast and Turk, 1999a,b; Clark et al., 2000; Mast et al., 2000).
","language":"English","doi":"10.1002/hyp.204","issn":"0885-6087","usgsCitation":"Hirsch, R.M., and Hooper, R.P., 2001, Preface; Water quality of large U.S. rivers; results from the U.S. Geological Survey's National Stream Quality Accounting Network: Hydrological Processes, v. 15, no. 7, p. 1085-1087, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.204.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1085","endPage":"1087","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":334519,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5891b0aae4b072a7ac129907","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Kelly, Valerie J. vjkelly@usgs.gov","contributorId":4161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"Valerie","email":"vjkelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662151,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Hirsch, Robert M. 0000-0002-4534-075X rhirsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-075X","contributorId":2005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hirsch","given":"Robert","email":"rhirsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":662149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hooper, Richard P.","contributorId":19144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70177777,"text":"70177777 - 2001 - The interplay of species concepts, taxonomy, and conservation: lessons from the Hawaiian avifauna","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T13:05:16","indexId":"70177777","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3489,"text":"Studies in Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The interplay of species concepts, taxonomy, and conservation: lessons from the Hawaiian avifauna","docAbstract":"The Hawaiian Islands, with their unique geological history and geographic position, provide an excellent natural laboratory in which to evaluate currently competing biological (BSC) and phylogenetic (PSC) concepts of the species. Although the BSC as historically applied in archipelagic situations is shown to be flawed in producing overlumped polytypic species, it nevertheless remains the preferable concept for most practical purposes. A review of the taxonomic history and species limits in Hawaiian birds under both concepts reveals that, when properly applied, the BSC yields a species total remarkably close to that produced under the PSC, contrary to what many proponents of the latter have supposed. We propose that the widespread adoption of the PSC for conservation purposes is potentially harmful. The PSC trivializes the species taxon and introduces new problems of deciding when a population becomes diagnosable, the possibility that species could appear and disappear in a reticulate fashion, and the likelihood that genetically diagnosable but phenotypically identical, and therefore not field identifiable, populations could be ranked as species. All of these problems negatively impact such things as constructing credible and politically defensible lists of endangered species, the prioritization of limited conservation resources, and the gathering of field data. We contend the BSC is arguably a more rational concept that better supports the activities of both scientific and nonprofessional observers. Biological species limits in oceanic archipelagoes worldwide need to be reevaluated using modern concepts and technologies before rational conservation decisions can be made.
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\"}}]}","volume":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5809d7c6e4b0f497e78fca8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pratt, H. Douglas","contributorId":176153,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pratt","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"Douglas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pratt, Thane K. tkpratt@usgs.gov","contributorId":5495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"Thane","email":"tkpratt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70209195,"text":"70209195 - 2001 - Data files from “CWB Free-Field Strong-Motion Data from the 21 September Chi-Chi, Taiwan, Earthquake” ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-23T10:41:42","indexId":"70209195","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-23T10:36:35","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Data files from “CWB Free-Field Strong-Motion Data from the 21 September Chi-Chi, Taiwan, Earthquake” ","docAbstract":"The Central Weather Bureau (CWB) of Taiwan completed a deployment of 1200 modern digital strong-motion instruments in 1996 at free-field sites and in buildings and bridges. Consequently, a very extensive set of strong-motion records were obtained for the MW = 7.6 Chi-Chi earthquake in 1999, including over 60 near-field records within 20 km of the fault ruptures.
For documentation purposes, we included all relevant data files on the attached CD-ROM from our article, “CWB Free-Field Strong-Motion Data from the 21 September Chi-Chi, Taiwan, Earthquake” in this issue. We presented the data in four different ways to make the data more user friendly: (1) the original recorded data by accelerograph type; (2) the processed data in ASCII text format; (3) the processed data in SUDS format; and (4) the processed data in SAC format. (1)-(3) are exactly the same as in Lee et al. (2001), except the files are zipped (or compressed). (4) is provided for users using the SAC software on a Unix computer, and it also contains waveform plots of the data in PDF files for ease of viewing.
The attached CD contains the full report of Lee et al. (2001) in 25 PDF files for viewing or printing. This full report described the data set and the data processing performed in details. It also contains plots of all processed data with an index map showing the fault, mainshock location, and the station location. We also provided a readme.txt on the CDROM to augment this Short Note with further explanations.
We classify the recorded data files into four quality groups. Since the recorded strong-motion data are based on a triggering algorithm, a main concern is the amount of pre-event data and whether or not the record is long enough to cover the entire duration of the ground shaking at that station. In addition, we are concerned whether or not the record has defects (e.g., spikes, or a component was not recorded), and whether or not the record has absolute timing. In general, QA-class records are the best and can be used for any studies. QB-class records are the next best, except most of them do not have absolute timing. QC-class records cover the principal strong motions but may not have adequate pre-event data and/or post strong-motion data. QD-class records have some defects; they are included here for completeness and should not be used for most studies. Since most A800 accelerographs have a colocated A900 or A900A accelerograph, the user should use the A900 or A900A data files whenever possible.
There are a readme file and six subdirectories containing the data files described in our article on the attached CDROM, under the directory of \\LeeWHK: (1) readme.txt: an ASCII text file of this Short Note and additional explanations. (2) DOCfiles (subdirectory): documentary files in PDF format for viewing, and some files in ASCII text format for use in data processing. User should view or print the Reportxx.pdf files which describe the Chi-Chi strong-motion data set in details (xx is a number from 01 through 25). (3) Software (subdirectory): containing computer programs from the accelerograph manufacturers for viewing and converting the original recorded data; they are grouped by manufacturer. (4) ORGfiles (subdirectory): the original recorded data files grouped by accelerograph types; these files are for archival purposes only. (5) SUDfiles (subdirectory): the processed strong-motion data files in PC-SUDS format, and are grouped by quality class. (6) ASCfiles (subdirectory): the processed strong-motion data files are in ASCII text format and are grouped by quality class. (7) SACfiles (subdirectory): the processed strong-motion data files are in SAC format and are grouped by quality class. Within each quality class, the data are given by station. Each station has two files—xxx.pdf for viewing the three-component strong-motion data, and xxx_SAC.zip, a WINZIP file containing three SAC data files corresponding to the three components of the recorded acceleration. We use “xxx” here to denote the station name.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr0153","usgsCitation":"Campbell, D.L., Sampson, J.A., Wise, R.A., and Williams, J.M., 2001, Magnetotelluric and audiomagnetotelluric data collected in Alaska by the U. S. Geological Survey, 1985-1992: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-53, 1 DVD, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0153.","productDescription":"1 DVD","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161030,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":409008,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_43229.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -141,\n 60\n ],\n [\n -141,\n 71\n ],\n [\n -162,\n 71\n ],\n [\n -162,\n 60\n ],\n [\n -141,\n 60\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db644941","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, D. L.","contributorId":90726,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sampson, J. A.","contributorId":57114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sampson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wise, R. A.","contributorId":79124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wise","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, J. M.","contributorId":91142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":31177,"text":"ofr00413 - 2001 - Selected field and analytical methods and analytical results in the Dutch Flats area, western Nebraska, 1995-99","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-21T17:40:00.113838","indexId":"ofr00413","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-413","title":"Selected field and analytical methods and analytical results in the Dutch Flats area, western Nebraska, 1995-99","docAbstract":"A study of the water resources of the Dutch Flats area in the western part of the North Platte Natural Resources District, western Nebraska, was conducted from 1995 through 1999 to describe the surface water and hydrogeology, the spatial distribution of selected water-quality constituents in surface and ground water, and the surface-water/ground-water interaction in selected areas. This report describes the selected field and analytical methods used in the study and selected analytical results from the study not previously published. Specifically, dissolved gases, age-dating data, and other isotopes collected as part of an intensive sampling effort in August and November 1998 and all uranium and uranium isotope data collected through the course of this study are included in the report.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr00413","usgsCitation":"Verstraeten, I., Steele, G.V., Cannia, J.C., Bohlke, J., Kraemer, T., Hitch, D., Wilson, K., and Carnes, A., 2001, Selected field and analytical methods and analytical results in the Dutch Flats area, western Nebraska, 1995-99: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-413, iv, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00413.","productDescription":"iv, 53 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160340,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0413/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59697,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/0413/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","county":"Scotts Bluff County","otherGeospatial":"Dutch Flats","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-103.3605,42.0037],[-103.361,41.7442],[-103.3684,41.744],[-103.3681,41.7004],[-103.3681,41.6986],[-104.0522,41.6975],[-104.0522,41.7004],[-104.0525,41.998],[-104.0525,42.0024],[-103.9858,42.0018],[-103.8697,42.0021],[-103.6367,42.0025],[-103.5162,42.0027],[-103.3995,42.004],[-103.3605,42.0037]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Scotts Bluff\",\"state\":\"NE\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa5b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Verstraeten, Ingrid M.","contributorId":61033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verstraeten","given":"Ingrid M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steele, G. V.","contributorId":62543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steele","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cannia, J. C.","contributorId":105258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannia","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bohlke, J. K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":59481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kraemer, T.E.","contributorId":6492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraemer","given":"T.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hitch, D.E.","contributorId":72425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hitch","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wilson, K.E.","contributorId":51340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Carnes, A.E.","contributorId":25208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carnes","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":24451,"text":"ofr012 - 2001 - PTCOUNT - a Fortran-77 computer program to calculate the areal distribution of mapped data points using count-circle methodology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:19","indexId":"ofr012","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-2","title":"PTCOUNT - a Fortran-77 computer program to calculate the areal distribution of mapped data points using count-circle methodology","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr012","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Savage, W.Z., Coe, J.A., and Sweeney, R.E., 2001, PTCOUNT - a Fortran-77 computer program to calculate the areal distribution of mapped data points using count-circle methodology (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-2, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr012.","productDescription":"10 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157196,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1785,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0002/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689dd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, William Z.","contributorId":107686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coe, Jeffrey A. 0000-0002-0842-9608 jcoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0842-9608","contributorId":1333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coe","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jcoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":191949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sweeney, Ronald E.","contributorId":89564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweeney","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":31227,"text":"ofr0165 - 2001 - Estimation of infiltration rates of saturated soils at selected sites in the Caloosahatchee River basin, southwestern Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:12","indexId":"ofr0165","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-65","title":"Estimation of infiltration rates of saturated soils at selected sites in the Caloosahatchee River basin, southwestern Florida","docAbstract":"Soil infiltration measurements were made at 23 sites in the Caloosahatchee River Basin in Glades, Hendry, and Lee Counties in southwestern Florida. The sandy soils of the basin are characterized by high infiltration rates limited in some areas by a high water table during the wet season. Because soil characteristics are similar within the basin, soils are classified by landscape group based on landscape cover and associated drainage. In accordance with this designation by the South Florida Water Management District, 11 sites are classified in the rock landscape group, 7 in the flatwoods landscape group, 4 in the slough landscape group, and 1 in the depression landscape group. \rData for 16 sites were fit to Horton's equation by using a regression analysis to estimate the infiltration rates of saturated soils. For some sites, an outlier value was removed prior to the regression analysis. Seven of the sites did not yield data that fit Horton's equation. The flatness of the plotted data suggests that saturated conditions may have been reached early in the test. The infiltration rate of saturated soils for these sites was estimated by averaging the data collected after the first 20 minutes of the test. \rFor all sites, the estimated infiltration rates of saturated soils ranged from 9.8 to 115 centimeters per hour in flatwoods, 3.4 to 66 centimeters per hour in rock, and 2.5 to 55 centimeters per hour in slough. The estimated soil infiltration rate at the one site in the depression was 181 centimeters per hour. Five sites were located on irrigation control berms where infiltration rates of the highly compacted and rocky soil may not represent the rates of less disturbed soils at sites within the same landscape groups. ","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr0165","usgsCitation":"Telis, P., 2001, Estimation of infiltration rates of saturated soils at selected sites in the Caloosahatchee River basin, southwestern Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-65, iii, 16 p. : col. ill., col. map ; 28 cm. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr0165.","productDescription":"iii, 16 p. : col. ill., col. map ; 28 cm. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2798,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fl.water.usgs.gov/Abstracts/ofr01_65_telis.html ","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":161072,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0065/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59708,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0065/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb259","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Telis, P. A.","contributorId":13280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Telis","given":"P. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":205384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":30916,"text":"wri014074 - 2001 - Methods to quantify seepage beneath Levee 30, Miami-Dade County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-15T18:51:36.439002","indexId":"wri014074","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4074","title":"Methods to quantify seepage beneath Levee 30, Miami-Dade County, Florida","docAbstract":"A two-dimensional, cross-sectional, finite-difference, ground-water flow model and a simple application of Darcy?s law were used to quantify ground-water flow (from a wetlands) beneath Levee 30 in Miami-Dade County, Florida. Geologic and geophysical data, vertical seepage data from the wetlands, canal discharge data, ground-water-level data, and surface-water-stage data collected during 1995 and 1996 were used as boundary conditions and calibration data for the ground-water flow model and as input for the analytical model. Vertical seepage data indicated that water from the wetlands infiltrated the subsurface, near Levee 30, at rates ranging from 0.033 to 0.266 foot per day when the gates at the control structures along Levee 30 canal were closed. During the same period, stage differences between the wetlands (Water Conservation Area 3B) and Levee 30 canal ranged from 0.11 to 1.27 feet. A layer of low-permeability limestone, located 7 to 10 feet below land surface, restricts vertical flow between the surface water in the wetlands and the ground water. Based on measured water-level data, ground-water flow appears to be generally horizontal, except in the direct vicinity of the canal. The increase in discharge rate along a 2-mile reach of the Levee 30 canal ranged from 9 to 30 cubic feet per second per mile and can be attributed primarily to ground-water inflow. Flow rates in Levee 30 canal were greatest when the gates at the control structures were open. The ground-water flow model data were compared with the measured ground-water heads and vertical seepage from the wetlands. Estimating the horizontal ground-water flow rate beneath Levee 30 was difficult owing to the uncertainty in the horizontal hydraulic conductivity of the main flow zone of the Biscayne aquifer. Measurements of ground-water flows into Levee 30 canal, a substantial component of the water budget, were also uncertain, which lessened the ability to validate the model results. Because of vertical flows near Levee 30 canal and a very low hydraulic gradient east of the canal, a simplified Darcian approach simulated with the ground-water flow model does not accurately estimate the horizontal ground-water flow rate. Horizontal ground-water flow rates simulated with the ground-water flow model (for a 60-foot-deep by 1-foot-wide section of the Biscayne aquifer) ranged from 150 to 450 cubic feet per day west of Levee 30 and from 15 to 170 cubic feet per day east of Levee 30 canal. Vertical seepage from the wetlands, within 500 feet of Levee 30, generally accounted for 10 to 15 percent of the total horizontal flow beneath the levee. Simulated horizontal ground-water flow was highest during the wet season and when the gates at the control structures were open.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri014074","usgsCitation":"Sonenshein, R., 2001, Methods to quantify seepage beneath Levee 30, Miami-Dade County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4074, iv, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014074.","productDescription":"iv, 36 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":414247,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_42283.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":160322,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2881,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri014074/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Miami-Dad County","otherGeospatial":"Levee 30","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.417,\n 25.95\n ],\n [\n -80.5,\n 25.95\n ],\n [\n -80.5,\n 25.758\n ],\n [\n -80.417,\n 25.758\n ],\n [\n -80.417,\n 25.95\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a55e4b07f02db62d22d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sonenshein, R.S.","contributorId":10415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonenshein","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":204353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":31310,"text":"ofr2001240 - 2001 - Compilation of water-resources data and hydrogeologic setting for Brunswick County, North Carolina, 1933-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-05T21:32:51.446695","indexId":"ofr2001240","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-240","title":"Compilation of water-resources data and hydrogeologic setting for Brunswick County, North Carolina, 1933-2000","docAbstract":"Water-resources data were compiled for Brunswick County, North Carolina, to describe the hydrologic conditions of the County. Hydrologic data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey as well as data collected by other governmental agencies and reviewed by the U.S. Geological Survey are presented. Data from four weather stations and two surface-water stations are summarized. Data also are presented for land use and land cover, soils, geology, hydrogeology, 12 continuously monitored ground-water wells, 73 periodically measured ground-water wells, and water-quality measurements from 39 ground-water wells.\r\n\r\nMean monthly precipitation at the Longwood, Shallotte, Southport, and Wilmington Airport weather stations ranged from 2.19 to 7.94 inches for the periods of record, and mean monthly temperatures at the Longwood, Southport, and Wilmington Airport weather stations ranged from 43.4 to 80.1 degrees Fahrenheit for the periods of record. An evaluation of land-use and land-cover data for Brunswick County indicated that most of the County is either forested land (about 57 percent) or wetlands (about 29 percent). Cross sections are presented to illustrate the general hydrogeology beneath Brunswick County. Water-level data for Brunswick County indicate that water levels ranged from about 110 feet above mean sea level to about 22 feet below mean sea level. Chloride concentrations measured in aquifers in Brunswick County ranged from near 0 to 15,000 milligrams per liter. Chloride levels in the Black Creek and Cape Fear aquifers were measured at well above the potable limit for ground water of 250 milligrams per liter set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for safe drinking water.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr2001240","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Brunswick County, North Carolina","usgsCitation":"Fine, J.M., and Cunningham, W.L., 2001, Compilation of water-resources data and hydrogeologic setting for Brunswick County, North Carolina, 1933-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-240, iv, 141 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2001240.","productDescription":"iv, 141 p.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160018,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":12537,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr01240/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":403020,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_43226.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","county":"Brunswick County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.71041870117188,\n 34.29239566218292\n ],\n [\n -77.74200439453125,\n 34.294097509045734\n ],\n [\n -77.74131774902342,\n 34.30090455174585\n ],\n [\n -77.75230407714844,\n 34.30203900523222\n ],\n [\n -77.81684875488281,\n 34.36214310607188\n ],\n [\n -77.80723571777344,\n 34.37857917718959\n ],\n [\n -77.82920837402344,\n 34.38877925439021\n ],\n [\n -77.88688659667969,\n 34.36611072883117\n ],\n [\n -77.89924621582031,\n 34.36554393708233\n ],\n [\n -77.90130615234375,\n 34.37857917718959\n ],\n [\n -77.91641235351562,\n 34.375745601897954\n ],\n [\n -77.93701171875,\n 34.36667751674575\n ],\n [\n -77.96035766601562,\n 34.38311269824024\n ],\n [\n -77.98507690429688,\n 34.37291193073771\n ],\n [\n -77.99400329589844,\n 34.339467372329935\n ],\n [\n -78.03108215332031,\n 34.33152941660457\n ],\n [\n -78.057861328125,\n 34.344003009744206\n ],\n [\n -78.07708740234375,\n 34.339467372329935\n ],\n [\n -78.08120727539062,\n 34.35534102998141\n ],\n [\n -78.09768676757812,\n 34.352506668675936\n ],\n [\n -78.12446594238281,\n 34.36837785748377\n ],\n [\n -78.13957214355469,\n 34.37064492478658\n ],\n [\n -78.16154479980469,\n 34.35534102998141\n ],\n [\n -78.25561523437499,\n 34.219751425785425\n ],\n [\n -78.37509155273438,\n 34.20214846682085\n ],\n [\n -78.36616516113281,\n 34.18794985418271\n ],\n [\n -78.42521667480469,\n 34.14249823152873\n ],\n [\n -78.50486755371092,\n 34.16749965237792\n ],\n [\n -78.54400634765624,\n 34.147044494922504\n ],\n [\n -78.55430603027344,\n 34.09588492955209\n ],\n [\n -78.56803894042969,\n 34.05607276338367\n ],\n [\n -78.59207153320312,\n 34.02933123965998\n ],\n [\n -78.64288330078125,\n 34.00656585534624\n ],\n [\n -78.62640380859375,\n 33.97411463602786\n ],\n [\n -78.65043640136719,\n 33.94392957889264\n ],\n [\n -78.53782653808594,\n 33.852739943216896\n ],\n [\n -78.33045959472656,\n 33.895497227123876\n ],\n [\n -78.10317993164062,\n 33.902336404480685\n ],\n [\n -77.97203063964844,\n 33.837912419023645\n ],\n [\n -77.94456481933594,\n 33.84418591636914\n ],\n [\n -77.84843444824219,\n 34.10043369975709\n ],\n [\n -77.71041870117188,\n 34.29239566218292\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b09e4b07f02db69c18d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fine, Jason M. 0000-0002-6386-256X jmfine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6386-256X","contributorId":2238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fine","given":"Jason","email":"jmfine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cunningham, William L. wcunning@usgs.gov","contributorId":1198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"William","email":"wcunning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":205653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":31309,"text":"ofr01236 - 2001 - Water-quality data of soil water from three watersheds, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, 1999-2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-31T10:33:55","indexId":"ofr01236","displayToPublicDate":"2001-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-236","title":"Water-quality data of soil water from three watersheds, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, 1999-2000","docAbstract":"Data on the chemical composition of soil-water samples were collected quarterly from three watersheds in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, from September 1999 through July 2000. The soil-water samples were analyzed for specific conductance and concentrations of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium, chloride, nitrate, sulfate, acid-neutralizing capacity, silica, and total monomeric aluminum. The soil-water data presented in this report can be used to support water-quality modeling of the response of streams to episodic acidification. Laboratory analytical data as well as laboratory quality-assurance information also are presented.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Richmond, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr01236","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Rice, K.C., Maben, S.W., and Webb, J., 2001, Water-quality data of soil water from three watersheds, Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, 1999-2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-236, 17 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01236.","productDescription":"17 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341587,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0236/ofr20010236.pdf","text":"Report","size":"182 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2001-0236"},{"id":160017,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0236/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Shenandoah National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.20068359374999,\n 38.6275996886131\n ],\n [\n -78.1512451171875,\n 38.7283759182398\n ],\n [\n -78.12103271484375,\n 38.76693348394693\n ],\n [\n -78.1182861328125,\n 38.86109762182888\n ],\n [\n -78.19244384765625,\n 38.92522904714054\n ],\n [\n -78.25286865234375,\n 38.86965182408357\n ],\n [\n -78.24188232421875,\n 38.83756825896614\n ],\n [\n -78.30230712890624,\n 38.841846903808985\n ],\n [\n -78.3929443359375,\n 38.77121637244273\n ],\n [\n -78.4259033203125,\n 38.713375686254714\n ],\n [\n -78.3984375,\n 38.638327308061875\n ],\n [\n -78.4918212890625,\n 38.55031345037904\n ],\n [\n -78.5577392578125,\n 38.567495358827344\n ],\n [\n -78.59344482421875,\n 38.51378825951165\n ],\n [\n -78.55224609374999,\n 38.436379603\n ],\n [\n -78.607177734375,\n 38.41271038284709\n ],\n [\n -78.71429443359375,\n 38.33088431959971\n ],\n [\n -78.80218505859375,\n 38.272688535980976\n ],\n [\n -78.826904296875,\n 38.21012996629426\n ],\n [\n -78.82965087890625,\n 38.13239618602294\n ],\n [\n -78.82415771484375,\n 38.07404145941957\n ],\n [\n -78.70330810546875,\n 38.1237539824224\n ],\n [\n -78.695068359375,\n 38.201496974020806\n ],\n [\n -78.56597900390625,\n 38.28131307922966\n ],\n [\n -78.45611572265625,\n 38.34381037525605\n ],\n [\n -78.37921142578125,\n 38.371808917147554\n ],\n [\n -78.3544921875,\n 38.44498466889473\n ],\n [\n -78.31054687499999,\n 38.50948995925553\n ],\n [\n -78.23638916015625,\n 38.55031345037904\n ],\n [\n -78.23638916015625,\n 38.59326051987162\n ],\n [\n -78.20068359374999,\n 38.6275996886131\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Virginia Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1730 East Parham Road
Richmond, VA 23228