Mountainous areas surrounding the Campanian Plain and the Somma-Vesuvius volcano (southern Italy) are among the most risky areas of Italy due to the repeated occurrence of rainfallinduced debris flows along ash-fall pyroclastic soil-mantled slopes. In this geomorphological framework, rainfall patterns, hydrological processes taking place within multi-layered ash-fall pyroclastic deposits and soil antecedent moisture status are the principal factors to be taken into account to assess triggering rainfall conditions and the related hazard. This paper presents the outcomes of an experimental study based on integrated analyses consisting of the reconstruction of physical models of landslides, in situ hydrological monitoring, and hydrological and slope stability modeling, carried out on four representative source areas of debris flows that occurred in May 1998 in the Sarno Mountain Range. The hydrological monitoring was carried out during 2011 using nests of tensiometers and Watermark pressure head sensors and also through a rainfall and air temperature recording station. Time series of measured pressure head were used to calibrate a hydrological numerical model of the pyroclastic soil mantle for 2011, which was re-run for a 12-year period beginning in 2000, given the availability of rainfall and air temperature monitoring data. Such an approach allowed us to reconstruct the regime of pressure head at a daily time scale for a long period, which is representative of about 11 hydrologic years with different meteorological conditions. Based on this simulated time series, average winter and summer hydrological conditions were chosen to carry out hydrological and stability modeling of sample slopes and to identify Intensity- Duration rainfall thresholds by a deterministic approach. Among principal results, the opposing winter and summer antecedent pressure head (soil moisture) conditions were found to exert a significant control on intensity and duration of rainfall triggering events. Going from winter to summer conditions requires a strong increase of intensity and/or duration to induce landslides. The results identify an approach to account for different hazard conditions related to seasonality of hydrological processes inside the ash-fall pyroclastic soil mantle. Moreover, they highlight another important factor of uncertainty that potentially affects rainfall thresholds triggering shallow landslides reconstructed by empirical approaches.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10346-015-0647-5","usgsCitation":"Napolitano, E., Fusco, F., Baum, R.L., Godt, J.W., and De Vita, P., 2016, Effect of antecedent-hydrological conditions on rainfall triggering of debris flows in ash-fall pyroclastic mantled slopes of Campania (southern Italy): Landslides, v. 13, no. 5, p. 967-983, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-015-0647-5.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"967","endPage":"983","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070130","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311642,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Italy","state":"Campania","otherGeospatial":"Sarno Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 14.616279602050781,\n 40.84550208206526\n ],\n [\n 14.616279602050781,\n 40.89950086329285\n ],\n [\n 14.684257507324219,\n 40.89950086329285\n ],\n [\n 14.684257507324219,\n 40.84550208206526\n ],\n [\n 14.616279602050781,\n 40.84550208206526\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565438a8e4b071e7ea53d490","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Napolitano, E.","contributorId":97401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Napolitano","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fusco, F","contributorId":150020,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fusco","given":"F","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baum, Rex L. 0000-0001-5337-1970 baum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1970","contributorId":1288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baum","given":"Rex","email":"baum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Godt, Jonathan W. 0000-0002-8737-2493 jgodt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8737-2493","contributorId":1166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godt","given":"Jonathan","email":"jgodt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"De Vita, P.","contributorId":26207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Vita","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70156837,"text":"70156837 - 2016 - Effect of permafrost thaw on the dynamics of lakes recharged by ice-jam floods: case study in Yukon Flats, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-07T13:55:54","indexId":"70156837","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of permafrost thaw on the dynamics of lakes recharged by ice-jam floods: case study in Yukon Flats, Alaska","docAbstract":"Large river floods are a key water source for many lakes in fluvial periglacial settings. Where permeable sediments occur, the distribution of permafrost may play an important role in the routing of floodwaters across a floodplain. This relationship is explored for lakes in the discontinuous permafrost of Yukon Flats, interior Alaska, using an analysis that integrates satellite-derived gradients in water surface elevation, knowledge of hydrogeology, and hydrologic modeling. We observed gradients in water surface elevation between neighboring lakes ranging from 0.001 to 0.004. These high gradients, despite a ubiquitous layer of continuous shallow gravel across the flats, are consistent with limited groundwater flow across lake basins resulting from the presence of permafrost. Permafrost impedes the propagation of floodwaters in the shallow subsurface and constrains transmission to “fill-and-spill” over topographic depressions (surface sills), as we observed for the Twelvemile-Buddy Lake pair following a May 2013 ice-jam flood on the Yukon River. Model results indicate that permafrost table deepening of 1–11 m in gravel, depending on watershed geometry and subsurface properties, could shift important routing of floodwater to lakes from overland flow (fill-and-spill) to shallow groundwater flow (“fill-and-seep”). Such a shift is possible in the next several hundred years of ground surface warming, and may bring about more synchronous water level changes between neighboring lakes following large flood events. This relationship offers a potentially useful tool, well-suited to remote sensing, for identifying long-term changes in shallow groundwater flow resulting from thawing of permafrost.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10756","usgsCitation":"Jepsen, S.M., Walvoord, M.A., Voss, C.I., and Rover, J.R., 2016, Effect of permafrost thaw on the dynamics of lakes recharged by ice-jam floods: case study in Yukon Flats, Alaska: Hydrological Processes, v. 30, no. 11, p. 1782-1795, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10756.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1782","endPage":"1795","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063664","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312749,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon Flats Wildlife Refuge of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -149.74365234374997,\n 66.26243417754857\n ],\n [\n -147.85400390625,\n 66.95587684341999\n ],\n [\n -147.06298828125,\n 67.02458758377148\n ],\n [\n -145.83251953125,\n 66.6137614931809\n ],\n [\n -145.546875,\n 66.64426812270932\n ],\n [\n -145.096435546875,\n 67.31021400255845\n ],\n [\n -144.16259765624997,\n 67.48333834982645\n ],\n [\n -143.492431640625,\n 67.1614280966097\n ],\n [\n -142.97607421875,\n 67.11874849517986\n ],\n [\n -141.844482421875,\n 67.15716352923295\n ],\n [\n -141.61376953125,\n 66.10271940699756\n ],\n [\n -142.965087890625,\n 65.98227002980873\n ],\n [\n -143.50341796875,\n 66.39915999849539\n ],\n [\n -144.107666015625,\n 66.32868478255796\n ],\n [\n -144.38232421875,\n 66.28453710088559\n ],\n [\n -143.931884765625,\n 65.9061387565849\n ],\n [\n -145.601806640625,\n 65.80277639340238\n ],\n [\n -147.1728515625,\n 65.93303449689425\n ],\n [\n -148.46923828125,\n 65.78475783804785\n ],\n [\n -149.117431640625,\n 65.70351820774201\n ],\n [\n -149.74365234374997,\n 66.26243417754857\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"567a823ae4b0a04ef490fcde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jepsen, Steve M.","contributorId":147212,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jepsen","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16805,"text":"University of California, Merced","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walvoord, Michelle Ann 0000-0003-4269-8366 walvoord@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4269-8366","contributorId":147211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walvoord","given":"Michelle","email":"walvoord@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Voss, Clifford I. 0000-0001-5923-2752 cvoss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-2752","contributorId":1559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Clifford","email":"cvoss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rover, Jennifer R. 0000-0002-3437-4030 jrover@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3437-4030","contributorId":2941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rover","given":"Jennifer","email":"jrover@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159735,"text":"70159735 - 2016 - Principles underlying the epizootiology of viral hemorrhagic septicemia in Pacific herring and other fishes throughout the North Pacific Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-25T16:28:55","indexId":"70159735","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-19T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Principles underlying the epizootiology of viral hemorrhagic septicemia in Pacific herring and other fishes throughout the North Pacific Ocean","docAbstract":"Although viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) typically occurs at low prevalence and intensity in natural populations of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) and other marine fishes in the Northeast Pacific Ocean, epizootics of the resulting disease (VHS) periodically occur, often in association with observed fish kills. Here we identify a list of principles, based on a combination of field studies, controlled laboratory experiments, and previously unpublished observations, that govern the epizootiology of VHS in Pacific herring. A thorough understanding of these principles provides the basis for identifying risk factors that predispose certain marine fish populations to VHS epizootics, including the lack of population resistance, presence of chronic viral carriers in a population, copious viral shedding by infected individuals, cool water temperatures, limited water circulation patterns, and gregarious host behavioral patterns. Further, these principles are used to define the epizootiological stages of the disease in Pacific herring, including the susceptible (where susceptible individuals predominate a school or subpopulation), enzootic (where infection prevalence and intensity are often below the limits of reasonable laboratory detection), disease amplification (where infection prevalence and intensity increase rapidly), outbreak (often accompanied by host mortalities with high virus loads and active shedding), recovery (in which the mortality rate and virus load decline owing to an active host immune response), and refractory stages (characterized by little or no susceptibility and where viral clearance occurs in most VHS survivors). In addition to providing a foundation for quantitatively assessing the potential risks of future VHS epizootics in Pacific herring, these principles provide insights into the epizootiology of VHS in other fish communities where susceptible species exist.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2015-0417","usgsCitation":"Hershberger, P., Garver, K.A., and Winton, J., 2016, Principles underlying the epizootiology of viral hemorrhagic septicemia in Pacific herring and other fishes throughout the North Pacific Ocean: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 73, no. 5, p. 853-859, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0417.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"853","endPage":"859","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067144","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471425,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1807/71449","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311561,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564ef2bbe4b064dd1d095562","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hershberger, Paul K. 0000-0002-2261-7760 phershberger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-7760","contributorId":140131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"Paul K.","email":"phershberger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garver, Kyle A.","contributorId":149992,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garver","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17880,"text":"Fisheries and Oceans, Canada, Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, BC, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Winton, James R. jwinton@usgs.gov","contributorId":149757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James R.","email":"jwinton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70160541,"text":"70160541 - 2016 - Water availability and land subsidence in the Central Valley, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-28T13:06:13","indexId":"70160541","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water availability and land subsidence in the Central Valley, California, USA","docAbstract":"The Central Valley in California (USA) covers about 52,000 km2 and is one of the most productive agricultural regions in the world. This agriculture relies heavily on surface-water diversions and groundwater pumpage to meet irrigation water demand. Because the valley is semi-arid and surface-water availability varies substantially, agriculture relies heavily on local groundwater. In the southern two thirds of the valley, the San Joaquin Valley, historic and recent groundwater pumpage has caused significant and extensive drawdowns, aquifer-system compaction and subsidence. During recent drought periods (2007–2009 and 2012-present), groundwater pumping has increased owing to a combination of decreased surface-water availability and land-use changes. Declining groundwater levels, approaching or surpassing historical low levels, have caused accelerated and renewed compaction and subsidence that likely is mostly permanent. The subsidence has caused operational, maintenance, and construction-design problems for water-delivery and flood-control canals in the San Joaquin Valley. Planning for the effects of continued subsidence in the area is important for water agencies. As land use, managed aquifer recharge, and surface-water availability continue to vary, long-term groundwater-level and subsidence monitoring and modelling are critical to understanding the dynamics of historical and continued groundwater use resulting in additional water-level and groundwater storage declines, and associated subsidence. Modeling tools such as the Central Valley Hydrologic Model, can be used in the evaluation of management strategies to mitigate adverse impacts due to subsidence while also optimizing water availability. This knowledge will be critical for successful implementation of recent legislation aimed toward sustainable groundwater use.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-015-1339-x","usgsCitation":"Faunt, C., Sneed, M., Traum, J.A., and Brandt, J.T., 2016, Water availability and land subsidence in the Central Valley, California, USA: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 24, no. 3, p. 675-684, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-015-1339-x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"675","endPage":"684","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067128","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471426,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-015-1339-x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":312732,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.26684570312499,\n 40.85537053192494\n ],\n [\n -121.86035156249999,\n 40.75557964275591\n ],\n [\n -121.75048828124999,\n 40.538851525354644\n ],\n [\n -121.640625,\n 40.26276066437183\n ],\n [\n -121.4208984375,\n 39.757879992021756\n ],\n [\n -121.014404296875,\n 39.0533181067413\n ],\n [\n -120.70678710937499,\n 38.38472766885085\n ],\n [\n -120.11352539062499,\n 37.83148014503288\n ],\n [\n -119.72900390625001,\n 37.43997405227057\n ],\n [\n -118.927001953125,\n 36.76529191711624\n ],\n [\n -118.564453125,\n 36.2354121683998\n ],\n [\n -118.43261718749999,\n 35.60371874069731\n ],\n [\n -118.487548828125,\n 35.06597313798418\n ],\n [\n -119.00390625,\n 34.786739162702524\n ],\n [\n -119.69604492187499,\n 34.939985151560435\n ],\n [\n -120.59692382812499,\n 35.8356283888737\n ],\n [\n -121.73950195312499,\n 37.43997405227057\n ],\n [\n -122.44262695312501,\n 38.70265930723801\n ],\n [\n -123.211669921875,\n 40.111688665595956\n ],\n [\n -123.06884765625,\n 40.85537053192494\n ],\n [\n -122.67333984374999,\n 41.03793062246529\n ],\n [\n -122.26684570312499,\n 40.85537053192494\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"567a8246e4b0a04ef490fd20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faunt, Claudia C. 0000-0001-5659-7529 ccfaunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5659-7529","contributorId":150147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faunt","given":"Claudia C.","email":"ccfaunt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sneed, Michelle 0000-0002-8180-382X micsneed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8180-382X","contributorId":155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sneed","given":"Michelle","email":"micsneed@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Traum, Jonathan A. 0000-0002-4787-3680 jtraum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4787-3680","contributorId":4780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Traum","given":"Jonathan","email":"jtraum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brandt, Justin T. 0000-0002-9397-6824 jbrandt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9397-6824","contributorId":157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"Justin","email":"jbrandt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159607,"text":"70159607 - 2016 - The conservation genetics juggling act: Integrating genetics and ecology, science and policy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T17:37:12","indexId":"70159607","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-16T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1601,"text":"Evolutionary Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The conservation genetics juggling act: Integrating genetics and ecology, science and policy","docAbstract":"The field of conservation genetics, when properly implemented, is a constant juggling act integrating molecular genetics, ecology, and demography with applied aspects concerning managing declining species or implementing conservation laws and policies. This young field has grown substantially since the 1980’s following development of the polymerase chain reaction and now into the genomics era. Our lab has “grown up” with the field, having worked on these issues for over three decades. Our multi-disciplinary approach entails understanding the behavior and ecology of species as well as the underlying processes that contribute to genetic viability. Taking this holistic approach provides a comprehensive understanding of factors that influence species persistence and evolutionary potential while considering annual challenges that occur throughout their life cycle. As a federal lab, we are often addressing the needs of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in their efforts to list, de-list or recover species. Nevertheless, there remains an overall communication gap between research geneticists and biologists who are charged with implementing their results. Therefore, we outline the need for a National Center for Small Population Biology to ameliorate this problem and provide organizations charged with making status decisions firmer ground from which to make their critical decisions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Publishing Ltd","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/eva.12337","usgsCitation":"Haig, S.M., Miller, M.P., Bellinger, R., Draheim, H.M., Mercer, D., and Mullins, T.D., 2016, The conservation genetics juggling act: Integrating genetics and ecology, science and policy: Evolutionary Applications, v. 9, no. 1, p. 181-195, https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12337.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"181","endPage":"195","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064615","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471427,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12337","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311376,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564afe37e4b0ebfbef0d311a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Mark P. 0000-0003-1045-1772 mpmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1045-1772","contributorId":1967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Mark","email":"mpmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":38131,"text":"WMA - Office of Planning and Programming","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bellinger, Renee","contributorId":149823,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bellinger","given":"Renee","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13351,"text":"University of Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Draheim, Hope M.","contributorId":100711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Draheim","given":"Hope","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mercer, Dacey","contributorId":89034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mercer","given":"Dacey","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mullins, Thomas D. 0000-0001-8948-9604 tom_mullins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8948-9604","contributorId":149824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullins","given":"Thomas","email":"tom_mullins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70159687,"text":"70159687 - 2016 - Drifting to oblivion? Rapid genetic differentiation in an endangered lizard following habitat fragmentation and drought","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-03T11:03:26","indexId":"70159687","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-13T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1399,"text":"Diversity and Distributions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Drifting to oblivion? Rapid genetic differentiation in an endangered lizard following habitat fragmentation and drought","docAbstract":"The frequency and severity of habitat alterations and disturbance are predicted to increase in upcoming decades, and understanding how disturbance affects population integrity is paramount for adaptive management. Although rarely is population genetic sampling conducted at multiple time points, pre- and post-disturbance comparisons may provide one of the clearest methods to measure these impacts. We examined how genetic properties of the federally threatened Coachella Valley fringe-toed lizard (Uma inornata) responded to severe drought and habitat fragmentation across its range.
\nCoachella Valley, California, USA.
\nWe used 11 microsatellites to examine population genetic structure and diversity in 1996 and 2008, before and after a historic drought. We used Bayesian assignment methods and F-statistics to estimate genetic structure. We compared allelic richness across years to measure loss of genetic diversity and employed approximate Bayesian computing methods and heterozygote excess tests to explore the recent demographic history of populations. Finally, we compared effective population size across years and to abundance estimates to determine whether diversity remained low despite post-drought recovery.
\nGenetic structure increased between sampling periods, likely as a result of population declines during the historic drought of the late 1990s–early 2000s, and habitat loss and fragmentation that precluded post-drought genetic rescue. Simulations supported recent demographic declines in 3 of 4 main preserves, and in one preserve, we detected significant loss of allelic richness. Effective population sizes were generally low across the range, with estimates ≤100 in most sites.
\nFragmentation and drought appear to have acted synergistically to induce genetic change over a short time frame. Progressive deterioration of connectivity, low Ne and measurable loss of genetic diversity suggest that conservation efforts have not maintained the genetic integrity of this species. Genetic sampling over time can help evaluate population trends to guide management.
\nClimate change is altering the timing and magnitude of biogeochemical fluxes in many high elevation ecosystems. The consequent changes in alpine nitrification rates have the potential to influence ecosystem scale responses. In order to better understand how changing temperature and moisture conditions may influence ammonia oxidizers and nitrification activity, we conducted laboratory incubations on soils collected in a Colorado watershed from three alpine habitats (glacial outwash, talus, and meadow). We found that bacteria, not archaea, dominated all ammonia oxidizer communities. Nitrification increased with moisture in all soils and under all temperature treatments. However, temperature was not correlated with nitrification rates in all soils. Site-specific temperature trends suggest the development of generalist ammonia oxidizer communities in soils with greater in situ temperature fluctuations and specialists in soils with more steady temperature regimes. Rapidly increasing temperatures and changing soil moisture conditions could explain recent observations of increased nitrate production in some alpine soils.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s11707-015-0556-x","usgsCitation":"Osborne, B., Baron, J., and Wallenstein, M.D., 2016, Moisture and temperature controls on nitrification differ among ammonia oxidizer communities from three alpine soil habitats: Frontiers of Earth Science, v. 10, no. 1, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11707-015-0556-x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057046","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312549,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"10","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56753c3ee4b0da412f4f8bf3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Osborne, Brooke B.","contributorId":150739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Osborne","given":"Brooke B.","affiliations":[{"id":16929,"text":"Brown University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":582844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wallenstein, Matthew D.","contributorId":16334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallenstein","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70159490,"text":"70159490 - 2016 - Application of a fluidized bed reactor charged with aragonite for control of alkalinity, pH and carbon dioxide in marine recirculating aquaculture systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-15T16:01:04","indexId":"70159490","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-12T13:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":852,"text":"Aquacultural Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of a fluidized bed reactor charged with aragonite for control of alkalinity, pH and carbon dioxide in marine recirculating aquaculture systems","docAbstract":"Control of alkalinity, dissolved carbon dioxide (dCO2), and pH are critical in marine recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) in order to maintain health and maximize growth. A small-scale prototype aragonite sand filled fluidized bed reactor was tested under varying conditions of alkalinity and dCO2 to develop and model the response of dCO2 across the reactor. A large-scale reactor was then incorporated into an operating marine recirculating aquaculture system to observe the reactor as the system moved toward equilibrium. The relationship between alkalinity dCO2, and pH across the reactor are described by multiple regression equations. The change in dCO2 across the small-scale reactor indicated a strong likelihood that an equilibrium alkalinity would be maintained by using a fluidized bed aragonite reactor. The large-scale reactor verified this observation and established equilibrium at an alkalinity of approximately 135 mg/L as CaCO3, dCO2 of 9 mg/L, and a pH of 7.0 within 4 days that was stable during a 14 day test period. The fluidized bed aragonite reactor has the potential to simplify alkalinity and pH control, and aid in dCO2 control in RAS design and operation. Aragonite sand, purchased in bulk, is less expensive than sodium bicarbonate and could reduce overall operating production costs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaeng.2015.10.001","usgsCitation":"Wills, P.S., Pfeiffer, T., Baptiste, R., and Watten, B.J., 2016, Application of a fluidized bed reactor charged with aragonite for control of alkalinity, pH and carbon dioxide in marine recirculating aquaculture systems: Aquacultural Engineering, v. 70, p. 81-85, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2015.10.001.","startPage":"81","endPage":"85","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068459","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471430,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2015.10.001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311210,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5645b885e4b0e2669b30f1c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wills, Paul S","contributorId":149707,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wills","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"S","affiliations":[{"id":15312,"text":"Florida Atlantic University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pfeiffer, Timothy","contributorId":149708,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pfeiffer","given":"Timothy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baptiste, Richard","contributorId":149709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baptiste","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Watten, Barnaby J. 0000-0002-2227-8623 bwatten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2227-8623","contributorId":2002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watten","given":"Barnaby","email":"bwatten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159551,"text":"70159551 - 2016 - Egg laying sequence influences egg mercury concentrations and egg size in three bird species: Implications for contaminant monitoring programs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T12:31:25","indexId":"70159551","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-12T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Egg laying sequence influences egg mercury concentrations and egg size in three bird species: Implications for contaminant monitoring programs","docAbstract":"Bird eggs are commonly used in contaminant monitoring programs and toxicological risk assessments, but intra-clutch variation and sampling methodology could influence interpretability. We examined the influence of egg laying sequence on egg mercury concentrations and burdens in American avocets, black-necked stilts, and Forster's terns. The average decline in mercury concentrations between the first and last egg laid was 33% for stilts, 22% for terns, and 11% for avocets, and most of this decline occurred between the first and second eggs laid (24% for stilts, 18% for terns, and 9% for avocets). Trends in egg size with egg laying order were inconsistent among species and overall differences in egg volume, mass, length, and width were <3%. We summarized the literature and, among 17 species studied, mercury concentrations generally declined by 16% between the first and second eggs laid. Despite the strong effect of egg laying sequence, most of the variance in egg mercury concentrations still occurred among clutches (75%-91%) rather than within clutches (9%-25%). Using simulations, we determined that to accurately estimate a population's mean egg mercury concentration using only a single random egg from a subset of nests, it would require sampling >60 nests to represent a large population (10% accuracy) or ≥14 nests to represent a small colony that contained <100 nests (20% accuracy).
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.3291","usgsCitation":"Ackerman, J., Eagles-Smith, C.A., Herzog, M.P., Yee, J.L., and Hartman, C.A., 2016, Egg laying sequence influences egg mercury concentrations and egg size in three bird species: Implications for contaminant monitoring programs: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 35, no. 6, p. 1458-1469, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3291.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1458","endPage":"1469","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069989","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311204,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5645b886e4b0e2669b30f1ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":579506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Herzog, Mark P. 0000-0002-5203-2835 mherzog@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5203-2835","contributorId":131110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herzog","given":"Mark","email":"mherzog@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":579508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yee, Julie L. 0000-0003-1782-157X julie_yee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1782-157X","contributorId":3246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yee","given":"Julie","email":"julie_yee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hartman, C. Alex 0000-0002-7222-1633 chartman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7222-1633","contributorId":131109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartman","given":"C.","email":"chartman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alex","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":579510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70159585,"text":"70159585 - 2016 - Aquatic pollution increases use of terrestrial prey subsidies by stream fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T12:27:39","indexId":"70159585","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-12T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aquatic pollution increases use of terrestrial prey subsidies by stream fish","docAbstract":"Coastal marsh plants are increasingly subject to physicochemical stressors under rising sea levels, and the maintenance of marsh ecological functions can depend on the ability of individual species and communities to tolerate or adapt to altered conditions. We conducted a greenhouse experiment to identify hydrology and salinity effects on growth of three common brackish marsh macrophytes of coastal Florida, USA: Distichlis spicata, Juncus roemerianus, and Spartina bakeri. The species were potted as monocultures and exposed to three salinities (0, 15, or 28 psu) and two hydrologic conditions (saturated, tidal) over 22 months. Final stem density of J. roemerianus and S. bakeri did not differ among treatments. In D. spicata, however, stem density was lowest at 28 psu and lower in tidal compared to saturated conditions. Mean stem height of all species was lowest at 28 psu. Aboveground biomass of J. roemerianus was not affected by the treatments, but in D. spicata andS. bakeri it was lowest at 28 psu. Results indicated that J. roemerianus was the most adaptable species and may, therefore, be more resilient to climate-change driven stressors. However, plant-plant interactions such as interspecific competition and facilitation can alter the response of individual species to environmental factors.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Wetland Scientists","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.1007/s13157-015-0711-x","usgsCitation":"Howard, R.J., Biagas, J.M., and Allain, L.K., 2016, Growth of common brackish marsh macrophytes under altered hydrology and salinity regimes: Wetlands, v. 36, no. 1, p. 11-20, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-015-0711-x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064073","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312235,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Ten Thousand Islands National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.5,\n 25.9\n ],\n [\n -81.5,\n 26\n ],\n [\n -81.6,\n 26\n ],\n [\n -81.6,\n 25.9\n ],\n [\n -81.5,\n 25.9\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"36","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"566ff651e4b09cfe53ca79a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howard, Rebecca J. 0000-0001-7264-4364 howardr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7264-4364","contributorId":2429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Rebecca","email":"howardr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":582055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Biagas, Janelda M. 0000-0001-5548-1970 biagasj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5548-1970","contributorId":4613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biagas","given":"Janelda","email":"biagasj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":582056,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allain, Larry K. 0000-0002-7717-9761 allainl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7717-9761","contributorId":2414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allain","given":"Larry","email":"allainl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":582057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70160795,"text":"70160795 - 2016 - Evidence that sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) complete their life cycle within a tributary of the Laurentian Great Lakes by parasitizing fishes in inland lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T12:47:27","indexId":"70160795","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-11T17:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence that sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) complete their life cycle within a tributary of the Laurentian Great Lakes by parasitizing fishes in inland lakes","docAbstract":"The sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) invaded the upper Laurentian Great Lakes and feeds on valued fish. The Cheboygan River, Michigan, USA, is a large sea lamprey producing tributary to Lake Huron and despite having a renovated dam 2 km from the river mouth that presumably blocks sea lamprey spawning migrations, the watershed upstream of the dam remains infested with larval sea lamprey. A navigational lock near the dam has been hypothesized as the means of escapement of adult sea lampreys from Lake Huron and source of the upper river population (H1). However, an alternative hypothesis (H2) is that some sea lampreys complete their life cycle upstream of the dam, without entering Lake Huron. To evaluate the alternative hypothesis, we gathered angler reports of lamprey wounds on game fishes upstream of the dam, and captured adult sea lampreys downstream and upstream of the dam to contrast abundance, run timing, size, and statolith microchemistry. Results indicate that a small population of adult sea lampreys (n < 200) completed their life cycle upstream of the dam during 2013 and 2014. This is the most comprehensive evidence that sea lampreys complete their life history within a tributary of the upper Great Lakes, and indicates that similar landlocked populations could occur in other watersheds. Because the adult sea lamprey population upstream of the dam is small, complete elimination of the already low adult escapement from Lake Huron might allow multiple control tactics such as lampricides, trapping, and sterile male release to eradicate the population.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2015.10.011","usgsCitation":"Johnson, N., Twohey, M.B., Miehls, S.M., Cwalinski, T.A., Godby, N.A., Lochet, A., Slade, J.W., Jubar, A.K., and Siefkes, M.J., 2016, Evidence that sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) complete their life cycle within a tributary of the Laurentian Great Lakes by parasitizing fishes in inland lakes: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 42, no. 1, p. 90-98, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2015.10.011.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"90","endPage":"98","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067017","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313105,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Cheboygan River 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Flexible risk metrics for identifying and monitoring conservation-priority species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-14T13:51:40","indexId":"70159576","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-10T16:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flexible risk metrics for identifying and monitoring conservation-priority species","docAbstract":"Region-specific conservation programs should have objective, reliable metrics for species prioritization and progress evaluation that are customizable to the goals of a program, easy to comprehend and communicate, and standardized across time. Regional programs may have vastly different goals, spatial coverage, or management agendas, and one-size-fits-all schemes may not always be the best approach. We propose a quantitative and objective framework for generating metrics for prioritizing species that is straightforward to implement and update, customizable to different spatial resolutions, and based on readily available time-series data. This framework is also well-suited to handling missing-data and observer error. We demonstrate this approach using North American Breeding Bird Survey (NABBS) data to identify conservation priority species from a list of over 300 landbirds across 33 bird conservation regions (BCRs). To highlight the flexibility of the framework for different management goals and timeframes we calculate two different metrics. The first identifies species that may be inadequately monitored by NABBS protocols in the near future (TMT, time to monitoring threshold), and the other identifies species likely to decline significantly in the near future based on recent trends (TPD, time to percent decline). Within the individual BCRs we found up to 45% (mean 28%) of the species analyzed had overall declining population trajectories, which could result in up to 37 species declining below a minimum NABBS monitoring threshold in at least one currently occupied BCR within the next 50 years. Additionally, up to 26% (mean 8%) of the species analyzed within the individual BCRs may decline by 30% within the next decade. Conservation workers interested in conserving avian diversity and abundance within these BCRs can use these metrics to plan alternative monitoring schemes or highlight the urgency of those populations experiencing the fastest declines. However, this framework is adaptable to many taxa besides birds where abundance time-series data are available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.10.020","usgsCitation":"Stanton, J.C., Semmens, B.X., McKann, P.C., Will, T., and Thogmartin, W.E., 2016, Flexible risk metrics for identifying and monitoring conservation-priority species: Ecological Indicators, v. 61, no. 2, p. 683-692, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.10.020.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"683","endPage":"692","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066945","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471432,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.10.020","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311180,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","volume":"61","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56431532e4b0aafbcd017fa4","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.10.020","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.10.020","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Stanton Jessica C., Semmens Brice X., McKann Patrick C., Will Tom, Thogmartin Wayne E.","journalName":"Ecological Indicators","publicationDate":"2/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stanton, Jessica C. 0000-0002-6225-3703 jcstanton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6225-3703","contributorId":5634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"Jessica","email":"jcstanton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Semmens, Brice X.","contributorId":149775,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Semmens","given":"Brice","email":"","middleInitial":"X.","affiliations":[{"id":17820,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKann, Patrick C.","contributorId":149776,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKann","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6733,"text":"former UMESC employee, USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Will, Tom","contributorId":149777,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Will","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17821,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Migratory Birds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thogmartin, Wayne E. 0000-0002-2384-4279 wthogmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4279","contributorId":2545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"Wayne","email":"wthogmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70159584,"text":"70159584 - 2016 - Density dependence, whitebark pine, and vital rates of grizzly bears","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-13T12:09:01","indexId":"70159584","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-10T15:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Density dependence, whitebark pine, and vital rates of grizzly bears","docAbstract":"Understanding factors influencing changes in population trajectory is important for effective wildlife management, particularly for populations of conservation concern. Annual population growth of the grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) population in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, USA has slowed from 4.2–7.6% during 1983–2001 to 0.3–2.2% during 2002–2011. Substantial changes in availability of a key food source and bear population density have occurred. Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis), the seeds of which are a valuable but variable fall food for grizzly bears, has experienced substantial mortality primarily due to a mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) outbreak that started in the early 2000s. Positive growth rates of grizzly bears have resulted in populations reaching high densities in some areas and have contributed to continued range expansion. We tested research hypotheses to examine if changes in vital rates detected during the past decade were more associated with whitebark pine decline or, alternatively, increasing grizzly bear density. We focused our assessment on known-fate data to estimate survival of cubs-of-the-year (cubs), yearlings, and independent bears (≥2 yrs), and reproductive transition of females from having no offspring to having cubs. We used spatially and temporally explicit indices for grizzly bear density and whitebark pine mortality as individual covariates. Models indicated moderate support for an increase in survival of independent male bears over 1983–2012, whereas independent female survival did not change. Cub survival, yearling survival, and reproductive transition from no offspring to cubs all changed during the 30-year study period, with lower rates evident during the last 10–15 years. Cub survival and reproductive transition were negatively associated with an index of grizzly bear density, indicating greater declines where bear densities were higher. Our analyses did not support a similar relationship for the index of whitebark pine mortality. The results of our study support the interpretation that slowing of population growth during the last decade was associated more with increasing grizzly bear density than the decline in whitebark pine. Grizzly bear density and its potential effect on vital rates and population trajectory warrant consideration for management of the grizzly bear population in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.1005","usgsCitation":"van Manen, F.T., Haroldson, M.A., Bjornlie, D., Ebinger, M.R., Thompson, D.J., Costello, C., and White, G.C., 2016, Density dependence, whitebark pine, and vital rates of grizzly bears: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 80, no. 2, p. 300-313, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.1005.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"300","endPage":"313","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059669","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471433,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.1005","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311170,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Grand Teton National Park, Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.181396484375,\n 42.44778143462245\n ],\n [\n -112.181396484375,\n 45.69083283645816\n ],\n [\n -108.62182617187499,\n 45.69083283645816\n ],\n [\n -108.62182617187499,\n 42.44778143462245\n ],\n [\n -112.181396484375,\n 42.44778143462245\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"80","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56431532e4b0aafbcd017fa0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Manen, Frank T. 0000-0001-5340-8489 fvanmanen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5340-8489","contributorId":2267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Manen","given":"Frank","email":"fvanmanen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haroldson, Mark A. 0000-0002-7457-7676 mharoldson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7457-7676","contributorId":1773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haroldson","given":"Mark","email":"mharoldson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bjornlie, Daniel D.","contributorId":145512,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bjornlie","given":"Daniel D.","affiliations":[{"id":16140,"text":"Wyoming Game & Fish Department, Large Carnivore Section, Lander, Wyoming 82520, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ebinger, Michael R. mebinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":5771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebinger","given":"Michael","email":"mebinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thompson, Daniel J.","contributorId":149795,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5116,"text":"Large Carnivore Section, Wyoming Game & Fish Department, 260 Buena Vista, Lander, WY 82520, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Costello, Cecily M.","contributorId":145510,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Costello","given":"Cecily M.","affiliations":[{"id":5117,"text":"University of Montana, College of Forestry and Conservation, University Hall, Room 309, Missoula, MT 59812, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"White, Gary C.","contributorId":26256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70162412,"text":"70162412 - 2016 - Implications of climate change on the heat budget of lentic systems used for power station cooling: Case study Clinton Lake, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-25T11:07:39","indexId":"70162412","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-10T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Implications of climate change on the heat budget of lentic systems used for power station cooling: Case study Clinton Lake, Illinois","docAbstract":"We use a numerical model to analyze the impact of climate change--in particular higher air temperatures--on a nuclear power station that recirculates the water from a reservoir for cooling. The model solves the hydrodynamics, the transfer of heat in the reservoir, and the energy balance at the surface. We use the numerical model to (i) quantify the heat budget in the reservoir and determine how this budget is affected by the combined effect of the power station and climate change and (ii) quantify the impact of climate change on both the downstream thermal pollution and the power station capacity. We consider four different scenarios of climate change. Results of simulations show that climate change will reduce the ability to dissipate heat to the atmosphere and therefore the cooling capacity of the reservoir. We observed an increase of 25% in the thermal load downstream of the reservoir, and a reduction in the capacity of the power station of 18% during the summer months for the worst-case climate change scenario tested. These results suggest that climate change is an important threat for both the downstream thermal pollution and the generation of electricity by power stations that use lentic systems for cooling.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","publisherLocation":"Easton, PA","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b04094","collaboration":"University of Illinois","usgsCitation":"Quijano, J.C., Jackson, P., Santacruz, S., Morales, V.M., and Garcia, M., 2016, Implications of climate change on the heat budget of lentic systems used for power station cooling: Case study Clinton Lake, Illinois: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 50, no. 1, p. 478-488, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b04094.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"478","endPage":"488","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068749","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314749,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","otherGeospatial":"Clinton Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": 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Ryan pjackson@usgs.gov","contributorId":2960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"P. Ryan","email":"pjackson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":589483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Santacruz, Santiago","contributorId":152485,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Santacruz","given":"Santiago","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16984,"text":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morales, Viviana M","contributorId":152486,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morales","given":"Viviana","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":16984,"text":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Garcia, Marcelo H.","contributorId":74236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garcia","given":"Marcelo H.","affiliations":[{"id":33106,"text":"University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70159579,"text":"70159579 - 2016 - Towards understanding resprouting at the global scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-18T09:38:10","indexId":"70159579","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-10T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2863,"text":"New Phytologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Towards understanding resprouting at the global scale","docAbstract":"Understanding and predicting plant response to disturbance is of paramount importance in our changing world. Resprouting ability is often considered a simple qualitative trait and used in many ecological studies. Our aim is to show some of the complexities of resprouting while highlighting cautions that need be taken in using resprouting ability to predict vegetation responses across disturbance types and biomes. There are marked differences in resprouting depending on the disturbance type, and fire is often the most severe disturbance because it includes both defoliation and lethal temperatures. In the Mediterranean biome, there are differences in functional strategies to cope with water deficit between resprouters (dehydration avoiders) and nonresprouters (dehydration tolerators); however, there is little research to unambiguously extrapolate these results to other biomes. Furthermore, predictions of vegetation responses to changes in disturbance regimes require consideration not only of resprouting, but also other relevant traits (e.g. seeding, bark thickness) and the different correlations among traits observed in different biomes; models lacking these details would behave poorly at the global scale. Overall, the lessons learned from a given disturbance regime and biome (e.g. crown-fire Mediterranean ecosystems) can guide research in other ecosystems but should not be extrapolated at the global scale.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/nph.13644","usgsCitation":"Pausas, J.G., Pratt, R., Keeley, J.E., Jacobsen, A.L., Ramirez, A.R., Vilagrosa, A., Paula, S., Kanekua-Pia, I.N., and Davis, S.D., 2016, Towards understanding resprouting at the global scale: New Phytologist, v. 209, no. 3, p. 945-954, https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13644.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"945","endPage":"954","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066488","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471434,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13644","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311153,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"209","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56431535e4b0aafbcd017fb8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pausas, Juli G.","contributorId":91347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pausas","given":"Juli","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pratt, R. Brandon","contributorId":149778,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pratt","given":"R. Brandon","affiliations":[{"id":17822,"text":"CA State U., Bakersfield, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jacobsen, Anna L.","contributorId":149779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jacobsen","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":17823,"text":"CA State U, Bakersfield, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ramirez, Aaron R.","contributorId":149780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramirez","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":17824,"text":"UC Berkeley, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vilagrosa, Alberto","contributorId":149781,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vilagrosa","given":"Alberto","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17825,"text":"CEAM-Universitat d'Alacant, Alacant, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Paula, Susana","contributorId":149782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paula","given":"Susana","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17826,"text":"ICAE, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kanekua-Pia, Iolana N.","contributorId":149783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kanekua-Pia","given":"Iolana","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":17827,"text":"Pepperdine U, Malibu, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Davis, Stephen D.","contributorId":149784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":17827,"text":"Pepperdine U, Malibu, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70158684,"text":"ofr20151195 - 2016 - Profiles of reservoir properties of oil-bearing plays for selected petroleum provinces in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-31T10:13:13","indexId":"ofr20151195","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-05T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1195","title":"Profiles of reservoir properties of oil-bearing plays for selected petroleum provinces in the United States","docAbstract":"Profiles of reservoir properties of oil-bearing plays for selected petroleum provinces in the United States were developed to characterize the database to be used for a potential assessment by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) of oil that would be technically recoverable by the application of enhanced oil recovery methods using injection of carbon dioxide (CO2-EOR). The USGS assessment methodology may require reservoir-level data for the purposes of screening conventional oil reservoirs and projecting CO2-EOR performance in terms of the incremental recoverable oil. The information used in this report is based on reservoir properties from the “Significant Oil and Gas Fields of the United States Database” prepared by Nehring Associates, Inc. (2012). As described by Nehring Associates, Inc., the database “covers all producing provinces (basins) in the United States except the Appalachian Basin and the Cincinnati Arch.”
\nUnder contract to the USGS, INTEK, Inc., developed and applied algorithms to estimate variables useful in projecting EOR performance at the reservoir level and to complete some partial reservoir records of the “Significant Oil and Gas Fields of the United States Database” (Nehring Associates, Inc., 2012). The augmented database is referred to here as the “Comprehensive Resource Database” (CRD).
\nThe CRD play and province classification scheme corresponds to the definitions used in the 1995 USGS National Oil and Gas Assessment (NOGA). The profiles in this report consist of a resource table and a six-part figure showing the variation of reservoir parameters selected because of their importance in the choice of a miscible or immiscible method for CO2-EOR and in the assessment of potential oil recovery using the EOR processes. A subset of these reservoirs may be available for either miscible- or immiscible-type flooding for CO2-EOR. Plays with fewer than 10 oil reservoirs were not graphed and were omitted from the province profiles. For this report and for the purposes of screening reservoirs as candidates for the application of CO2-EOR methods, oil reservoirs must have no more than 10,000 standard cubic feet of natural gas per barrel of oil at surface conditions. Oil-bearing plays presented in this report must contain at least one oil reservoir so defined.
\nThe profile plots allow geologists to evaluate the range of empirical and default values of the oil reservoir characteristics within a play and across plays that belong to the same province in the CRD. For most plays, the default estimates can be identified by the stacking of points at a single value on strip charts in the profiles. Reasonable default values should be within the range of the reservoir parameter values assigned by Nehring Associates, Inc. (2012), to reservoirs of that particular play.
\nEach province profile figure consists of five strip charts and a boxplot. The five strip charts display for individual plays the following reservoir-fluid and reservoir properties: A, oil density (American Petroleum Institute [API] gravity in degrees); B, computed pseudo-Dykstra-Parsons coefficient; C, reservoir porosity (in percent); D, reservoir permeability (in millidarcies); and E, estimates of the original oil in place (OOIP) per unit volume of reservoir rock (in barrels per acre-foot). The OOIP per unit volume of reservoir rock is an indicator of the relative richness of the oil reservoir and is derived from estimates in the CRD of OOIP, reservoir acreage, and net pay. The net pay is the interval of productive reservoir rock. The same data for OOIP per unit volume are graphed as a strip chart (E) and a boxplot (F).
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\"}}]}","edition":"Version 1: Originally posted November 5, 2015: Version 1.1: February 2016","contact":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
MS 956 National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
http://energy.usgs.gov/GeneralInfo/
ScienceCenters/Eastern.aspx
Condit Dam is one of the largest hydroelectric dams ever removed in the USA. Breached in a single explosive event in October 2011, hundreds-of-thousands of cubic metres of sediment washed down the White Salmon River onto spawning grounds of a threatened species, Columbia River tule fall Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha. We investigated over a 3-year period (2010–2012) how dam breaching affected channel morphology, river hydraulics, sediment composition and tule fall Chinook salmon (hereafter ‘tule salmon’) spawning habitat in the lower 1.7 km of the White Salmon River (project area). As expected, dam breaching dramatically affected channel morphology and spawning habitat due to a large load of sediment released from Northwestern Lake. Forty-two per cent of the project area that was previously covered in water was converted into islands or new shoreline, while a large pool near the mouth filled with sediments and a delta formed at the mouth. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model revealed that pool area decreased 68.7% in the project area, while glides and riffles increased 659% and 530%, respectively. A spatially explicit habitat model found the mean probability of spawning habitat increased 46.2% after dam breaching due to an increase in glides and riffles. Shifting channels and bank instability continue to negatively affect some spawning habitat as sediments continue to wash downstream from former Northwestern Lake, but 300 m of new spawning habitat (river kilometre 0.6 to 0.9) that formed immediately post-breach has persisted into 2015. Less than 10% of tule salmon have spawned upstream of the former dam site to date, but the run sizes appear healthy and stable. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons, Inc.","doi":"10.1002/rra.2982","usgsCitation":"Hatten, J.R., Batt, T.R., Skalicky, J., Engle, R., Barton, G., Fosness, R.L., and Warren, J., 2016, Effects of dam removal on Tule Fall Chinook salmon spawning habitat in the White Salmon River, Washington: River Research and Applications, v. 32, no. 7, p. 1481-1492, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.2982.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1481","endPage":"1492","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061792","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311133,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Condit Dam, Lower White Salmon River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.4916229248047,\n 45.931572625309286\n ],\n [\n -121.47033691406249,\n 45.92488619186047\n ],\n [\n -121.49642944335938,\n 45.891919851282076\n ],\n [\n -121.48475646972656,\n 45.84362946735877\n ],\n [\n -121.47994995117188,\n 45.821621922335794\n ],\n [\n -121.50054931640625,\n 45.821621922335794\n ],\n [\n -121.52595520019531,\n 45.86132487333675\n ],\n [\n -121.52595520019531,\n 45.897654534346884\n ],\n [\n -121.49642944335938,\n 45.924408558629004\n ],\n [\n -121.4916229248047,\n 45.931572625309286\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"32","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5641d1bde4b0831b7d62e737","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatten, James R. 0000-0003-4676-8093 jhatten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4676-8093","contributorId":3431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatten","given":"James","email":"jhatten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Batt, Thomas R. tbatt@usgs.gov","contributorId":3432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batt","given":"Thomas","email":"tbatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Skalicky, Joseph J.","contributorId":91386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skalicky","given":"Joseph J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Engle, Rod","contributorId":149763,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engle","given":"Rod","affiliations":[{"id":17818,"text":"USFWS, Columbia River Fisheries Program Office","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barton, Gary J. gbarton@usgs.gov","contributorId":1147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"Gary J.","email":"gbarton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fosness, Ryan L. 0000-0003-4089-2704 rfosness@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4089-2704","contributorId":2703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fosness","given":"Ryan","email":"rfosness@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Warren, Joe jwarren@usgs.gov","contributorId":149764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"Joe","email":"jwarren@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70159600,"text":"70159600 - 2016 - A model for the interaction of frog population dynamics with Batrachochytrium dendrobaties, Janthinobacterium lividium and temperature and its implication for chytridiomycosis management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-22T12:01:51","indexId":"70159600","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A model for the interaction of frog population dynamics with Batrachochytrium dendrobaties, Janthinobacterium lividium and temperature and its implication for chytridiomycosis management","docAbstract":"Chytridiomycosis is an emerging disease caused by the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) that poses a serious threat to frog populations worldwide. Several studies have shown that inoculation of bacterial species Janthinobacterium lividum (Jl) can mitigate the impact of the disease. However, there are many questions regarding this interaction. A mathematical model of a frog population infected with chytridiomycosis is developed to investigate how the inoculation of Jl could reduce the impact of Bd disease on frogs. The model also illustrates the important role of temperature in disease dynamics. The model simulation results suggest possible control strategies for Jl to limit the impact of Bd in various scenarios. However, a better knowledge of Jl life cycle is needed to fully understand the interaction of Jl, Bd, temperature and frogs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.09.015","usgsCitation":"Ackleh, A.S., Carter, J., Chellamuthu, V.K., and Ma, B., 2016, A model for the interaction of frog population dynamics with Batrachochytrium dendrobaties, Janthinobacterium lividium and temperature and its implication for chytridiomycosis management: Ecological Modelling, v. 320, p. 158-169, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.09.015.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"158","endPage":"169","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066659","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471435,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.09.015","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311197,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"320","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5645b87ae4b0e2669b30f1c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ackleh, Azmy S.","contributorId":119949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackleh","given":"Azmy","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carter, Jacoby 0000-0003-0110-0284 carterj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0110-0284","contributorId":2399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Jacoby","email":"carterj@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chellamuthu, Vinodh K.","contributorId":149806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chellamuthu","given":"Vinodh","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":17830,"text":"Department of Mathematics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ma, Baoling","contributorId":149807,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ma","given":"Baoling","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17830,"text":"Department of Mathematics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70168420,"text":"70168420 - 2016 - Multi-decadal trends in spring arrival of avian migrants to the central Arctic coast of Alaska: Effects of environmental and ecological factors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T15:27:18","indexId":"70168420","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2190,"text":"Journal of Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multi-decadal trends in spring arrival of avian migrants to the central Arctic coast of Alaska: Effects of environmental and ecological factors","docAbstract":"Warming in the Arctic has caused the transition from winter to summer to occur weeks earlier over the last half century, yet little is known about whether avian migrants have altered their timing of arrival on breeding areas to match this earlier seasonal transition. Over a 50-yr period, we examined trends in the timing of the first arrival for 16 avian migrant species at the terminus of their northward migration along the central Arctic coast of Alaska and compared these trends to factors potentially influencing migration phenology. Date of first arrival occurred an average of 0.12 d yr−1 or 6 d (range = 3–10 d) earlier across all species and did not differ significantly among species between 1964 and 2013. Local climatic variables, particularly temperature, had a greater effect on a species first arrival date than did large-scale climatic predictors. First arrival date was 1.03 d earlier for every 1°C annual change in temperature, but there was nearly a 2-fold difference in the range of responses across species (0.69–1.33 d °C−1), implying that some species did better than others at timing their arrival with changing temperature. There was weak support for an influence of foraging strategy, migration distance, and flight path on timing of first arrival. Our findings, like others from temperate latitudes, indicate that avian migrants are responsive to changing environmental conditions, though some species appear to be more adaptive than others.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/jav.00774","usgsCitation":"Ward, D.H., Helmericks, J., Hupp, J.W., McManus, L., Budde, M., Douglas, D.C., and Tape, K., 2016, Multi-decadal trends in spring arrival of avian migrants to the central Arctic coast of Alaska: Effects of environmental and ecological factors: Journal of Avian Biology, v. 47, no. 2, p. 197-207, https://doi.org/10.1111/jav.00774.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"197","endPage":"207","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064692","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318026,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152,\n 70\n ],\n [\n -152,\n 71\n ],\n [\n -148,\n 71\n ],\n [\n -148,\n 70\n ],\n [\n -152,\n 70\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c304cae4b0946c652087b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ward, David H. 0000-0002-5242-2526 dward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5242-2526","contributorId":3247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Helmericks, J.","contributorId":166882,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helmericks","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hupp, Jerry W. 0000-0002-6439-3910 jhupp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6439-3910","contributorId":127803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"Jerry","email":"jhupp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McManus, L.","contributorId":166883,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McManus","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6660,"text":"Western EcoSystems Technology, Inc","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Budde, Michael 0000-0002-9098-2751 mbudde@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9098-2751","contributorId":166756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budde","given":"Michael","email":"mbudde@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tape, K.D.","contributorId":37526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tape","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70159440,"text":"70159440 - 2016 - Response of Schoenoplectus acutus and Schoenoplectus californicus at different life-history stages to hydrologic regime","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-11T10:32:58","indexId":"70159440","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-29T13:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of Schoenoplectus acutus and Schoenoplectus californicus at different life-history stages to hydrologic regime","docAbstract":"For wetland restoration success to be maximized, restoration managers need better information regarding how the frequency, depth, and duration of flooding affect soil chemistry and the survival, growth, and morphology of targeted plant species. In a greenhouse study we investigated the impact of four different flooding durations (0 %, 40 %, 60 %, and 100 %) on soil physicochemistry and the responses of seedlings and adults of two species of emergent wetland macrophytes commonly used in restoration efforts (Schoenoplectus acutus and Schoenoplectus californicus). The longest flooding duration, which created more reducing soil conditions, resulted in significantly reduced survival of S. acutus adults (34 ± 21 % survival) and complete mortality of seedlings of both species. Schoenoplectus californicus adults exhibited higher flooding tolerance, showing little impact of flooding on morphology and physiology. A companion field study indicated that S. californicus maintained stem strength regardless of flooding duration or depth, supporting the greenhouse study results. This information serves to improve our understanding of the ecological differences between these species as well as provide restoration managers with better guidelines for targeted elevation and hydrologic regimes for these species in order to enhance the success of restoration plantings and better predict restoration site development.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s13157-015-0713-8","usgsCitation":"Sloey, T.M., Howard, R.J., and Hester, M.W., 2016, Response of Schoenoplectus acutus and Schoenoplectus californicus at different life-history stages to hydrologic regime: Wetlands, v. 36, no. 1, p. 37-46, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-015-0713-8.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"46","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065149","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310765,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56333586e4b048076347eea3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sloey, Taylor M","contributorId":149516,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sloey","given":"Taylor","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":17763,"text":"University of Louisiana, Lafayette","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Howard, Rebecca J. 0000-0001-7264-4364 howardr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7264-4364","contributorId":2429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Rebecca","email":"howardr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hester, Mark W.","contributorId":9566,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hester","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70159441,"text":"70159441 - 2016 - A quantitative framework for estimating risk of collision between marine mammals and boats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-17T23:21:24","indexId":"70159441","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-29T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2717,"text":"Methods in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A quantitative framework for estimating risk of collision between marine mammals and boats","docAbstract":"Speed regulations of watercraft in protected areas are designed to reduce lethal collisions with wildlife but can have economic consequences. We present a quantitative framework for investigating the risk of deadly collisions between boats and wildlife.
\nWe apply encounter rate theory to demonstrate how marine mammal-boat encounter rate can be used to predict the expected number of deaths associated with management scenarios. We illustrate our approach with management scenarios for two endangered species: the Florida manatee Trichechus manatus latirostris and the North Atlantic right whale Eubalaena glacialis. We used a Monte Carlo simulation approach to demonstrate the uncertainty that is associated with our estimate of relative mortality.
\nWe show that encounter rate increased with vessel speed but that the expected number of encounters varies depending on the boating activities considered. For instance, in a scenario involving manatees and boating activities such as water skiing, the expected number of encounters in a given area (in a fixed time interval) increased with vessel speed. In another scenario in which a vessel made a transit of fixed length the expected number of encounters decreases slightly with boat speed. In both cases the expected number of encounters increased with distanced travelled by the boat. For whales, we found a slight reduction (~0.1%) in the number of encounters under a scenario where speed is unregulated; this reduction, however, is negligible, and overall expected relative mortality was ~30% lower under the scenario with speed regulation. The probability of avoidance by the animal or vessel was set to 0 because of lack of data, but we explored the importance of this parameter on the model predictions. In fact, expected relative mortality under speed regulations decreases even further when the probability of avoidance is a decreasing function of vessel speed.
\nBy applying encounter rate theory to the case of boat collisions with marine mammals, we gained new insights about encounter processes between wildlife and watercraft. Our work emphasizes the importance of considering uncertainty when estimating wildlife mortality. Finally, our findings are relevant to other systems and ecological processes involving the encounter between moving agents.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/2041-210X.12447","usgsCitation":"Martin, J., Sabatier, Q., Gowan, T.A., Giraud, C., Gurarie, E., Calleson, S., Ortega-Ortiz, J.G., Deutsch, C., Rycyk, A., and Koslovsky, S., 2016, A quantitative framework for estimating risk of collision between marine mammals and boats: Methods in Ecology and Evolution, v. 7, no. 1, p. 42-50, https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12447.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"42","endPage":"50","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060059","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471437,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210x.12447","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":310761,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5633357ce4b048076347ee95","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, Julien 0000-0002-7375-129X julienmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7375-129X","contributorId":5785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Julien","email":"julienmartin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sabatier, Quentin","contributorId":149517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sabatier","given":"Quentin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12556,"text":"Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gowan, Timothy A.","contributorId":138595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gowan","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12456,"text":"former USGS scientist","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Giraud, Christophe","contributorId":149518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Giraud","given":"Christophe","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17764,"text":"Universite Paris Sud","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gurarie, Eliezer","contributorId":149519,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gurarie","given":"Eliezer","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Calleson, Scott","contributorId":149520,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Calleson","given":"Scott","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12556,"text":"Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ortega-Ortiz, Joel G.","contributorId":149521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ortega-Ortiz","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":5112,"text":"University of Miami","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Deutsch, Charles J.","contributorId":64135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deutsch","given":"Charles J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Rycyk, Athena","contributorId":149522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rycyk","given":"Athena","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7092,"text":"Florida State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Koslovsky, Stacie M.","contributorId":149523,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koslovsky","given":"Stacie M.","affiliations":[{"id":12556,"text":"Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70159418,"text":"70159418 - 2016 - Deep divergence and structure in the Tropical Oceanic Pacific: a multilocus phylogeography of a widespread gekkonid lizard (Squamata: Gekkonidae: Gehyra oceanica)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-18T09:32:13","indexId":"70159418","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-29T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2193,"text":"Journal of Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deep divergence and structure in the Tropical Oceanic Pacific: a multilocus phylogeography of a widespread gekkonid lizard (Squamata: Gekkonidae: Gehyra oceanica)","docAbstract":"The islands of the Tropical Oceanic Pacific (TOP) host both local radiations and widespread, colonizing species. The few phylogeographical analyses of widespread species often point to recent human-aided expansions through the Pacific, suggesting that the communities are recently assembled. Here we apply multilocus data to infer biogeographical history of the gekkonid lizard, Gehyra oceanica, which is widespread, but for which prior analyses suggested a pre-human history and in situ diversification.
\nTropical Oceanic Pacific.
\nWe generated a data set including mtDNA and diagnostic SNPs for 173 individuals of G. oceanica spanning Micronesia, Melanesia, and Polynesia. For a subset of these individuals, we also sequenced nuclear loci. From these data, we performed maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference to reveal major clades. We also performed Bayesian clustering analyses and coalescence–based species delimitation tests to infer the number of species in this area.
\nWe found evidence for six independent evolutionary lineages (candidate species) within G. oceanica that diverged between the Pliocene and the early Pleistocene, with high diversity through northern Melanesia, and pairing of northern Melanesian endemic taxa with widespread lineages across Micronesia and Polynesia.
\nThe islands of northern Melanesia not only have unrecognized diversity, but also were the source of independent expansions of lineages through the more remote northern and eastern Pacific. These results highlight the very different evolutionary histories of island faunas on remote archipelagos versus those across Melanesia and point to the need for more intensive studies of fauna within Melanesia if we are to understand the evolution of diversity across the tropical Pacific.
\nConserving migratory birds is made especially difficult because of movement among spatially disparate locations across the annual cycle. In light of challenges presented by the scale and ecology of migratory birds, successful conservation requires integrating objectives, management, and monitoring across scales, from local management units to ecoregional and flyway administrative boundaries. We present an integrated approach using a spatially explicit energetic-based mechanistic bird migration model useful to conservation decision-making across disparate scales and locations. This model moves a mallard-like bird (Anas platyrhynchos), through spring and fall migration as a function of caloric gains and losses across a continental scale energy landscape. We predicted with this model that fall migration, where birds moved from breeding to wintering habitat, took a mean of 27.5 days of flight with a mean seasonal survivorship of 90.5% (95% CI = 89.2%, 91.9%) whereas spring migration took a mean of 23.5 days of flight with mean seasonal survivorship of 93.6% (95% CI = 92.5%, 94.7%). Sensitivity analyses suggested that survival during migration was sensitive to flight speed, flight cost, the amount of energy the animal could carry and the spatial pattern of energy availability, but generally insensitive to total energy availability per se. Nevertheless, continental patterns in the bird-use days occurred principally in relation to wetland cover and agricultural habitat in the fall. Bird-use days were highest in both spring and fall in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley and along the coast and near-shore environments of South Carolina. Spatial sensitivity analyses suggested that locations nearer to migratory endpoints were less important to survivorship; for instance, removing energy from a 1,036 km2 stopover site at a time from the Atlantic Flyway suggested coastal areas between New Jersey and North Carolina, including Chesapeake Bay and the North Carolina piedmont, are essential locations for efficient migration and increasing survivorship during spring migration but not locations in Ontario and Massachusetts. This sort of spatially explicit information may allow decision-makers to prioritize their conservation actions toward locations most influential to migratory success. Thus, this mechanistic model of avian migration provides a decision-analytic medium integrating the potential consequences of local actions to flyway-scale phenomena.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/14-1947","usgsCitation":"Lonsdorf, E.V., Thogmartin, W.E., Jacobi, S., Coppen, J., Davis, A.Y., Fox, T.J., Heglund, P.J., Johnson, R., Jones, T., Kenow, K.P., Lyons, J., Luke, K.E., Still, S., and Tavernia, B., 2016, A generalizable energetics-based model of avian migration to facilitate continental-scale waterbird conservation: Ecological Applications, v. 26, no. 4, p. 1136-1153, https://doi.org/10.1890/14-1947.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1136","endPage":"1153","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059704","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310752,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United 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study tested the hypothesis that duration of freezing differentially affects whole-body morphometrics of a derived teleost. Whole-body morphometrics are frequently analyzed to test hypotheses of different species, or stocks within a species, of fishes. Specimens used for morphometric analyses are typically fixed or preserved prior to analysis, yet little research has been done on how fixation or preservation methods or duration of preservation of specimens might affect outcomes of multivariate statistical analyses of differences in shape. To determine whether whole-body morphometrics changed as a result of freezing, 23 whole-body morphometrics of age-1 white perch (Morone americana) from western Lake Erie (n = 211) were analyzed immediately after capture, after being held on ice overnight, and after freezing for 100 or 200 days. Discriminant function analysis revealed that all four groups differed significantly from one another (P < 0.0001). The first canonical axis reflected long-axis morphometrics, where there was a clear pattern of positive translation along this axis with duration of preservation. Re-classification analysis demonstrated fish were typically assigned to their original preservation class except for fish frozen 100 days, which assigned mostly to frozen 200 days. Morphometric comparisons using frozen fish must be done on fish frozen for identical periods of time to avoid biases related to the length of time they were frozen. Similar experiments should be conducted on other species and also using formalin- and alcohol-preserved specimens.
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