{"pageNumber":"1121","pageRowStart":"28000","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165455,"records":[{"id":70157212,"text":"70157212 - 2016 - Two Holocene paleofire records from Peten, Guatemala: Implications for natural fire regime and prehispanic Maya land use","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T12:24:51","indexId":"70157212","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-25T16:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1844,"text":"Global and Planetary Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Two Holocene paleofire records from Peten, Guatemala: Implications for natural fire regime and prehispanic Maya land use","docAbstract":"<p>Although fire was arguably the primary tool used by the Maya to alter the landscape and extract resources, little attention has been paid to biomass burning in paleoenvironmental reconstructions from the Maya lowlands. Here we report two new well-dated, high-resolution records of biomass burning based on analysis of macroscopic fossil charcoal recovered from lacustrine sediment cores. The records extend from the early Holocene, through the full arc of Maya prehistory, the Colonial, and post-Colonial periods (~ 9000 cal yr BP to the present). (Hereafter BP) The study sites, Lago Paixban and Lago Puerto Arturo, are located in northern Peten, Guatemala. Results provide the first quantitative analysis from the region demonstrating that frequent fires have occurred in the closed canopy forests since at least the early Holocene (~ 9000 BP), prior to occupation by sedentary agriculturalists. Following the arrival of agriculture around 4600 BP, the system transitioned from climate controlled to anthropogenic control. During the Maya period, changes in fire regime are muted and do not appear to be driven by changes in climate conditions. Low charcoal influx and fire frequency in the Earliest Preclassic period suggest that land use strategies may have included intensive agriculture much earlier than previously thought. Preliminary results showing concentrations of soot/black-carbon during the middle and late Preclassic periods are lower than modern background values, providing intriguing implications regarding the efficiency of Maya fuel consumption.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.09.012","usgsCitation":"Anderson, L., and Wahl, D.B., 2016, Two Holocene paleofire records from Peten, Guatemala: Implications for natural fire regime and prehispanic Maya land use: Global and Planetary Change, v. 138, p. 82-92, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.09.012.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"82","endPage":"92","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060515","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471453,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.09.012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":312843,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Guatemala","state":"Peten","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.72235107421874,\n              17.808841135842886\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.6649169921875,\n              17.808841135842886\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.61822509765625,\n              17.371610024104744\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.83795166015625,\n              17.041029311689186\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.13732910156249,\n              17.012141149739257\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.60150146484375,\n              17.012141149739257\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.79925537109375,\n              17.27984137051228\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.72235107421874,\n              17.808841135842886\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"138","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"567bd3c1e4b0a04ef491a226","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.09.012","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.09.012","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Anderson Lysanna, Wahl David","journalName":"Global and Planetary Change","publicationDate":"3/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, Lysanna 0000-0001-5650-9744 landerson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5650-9744","contributorId":5339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Lysanna","email":"landerson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wahl, David B. 0000-0002-0451-3554 dwahl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0451-3554","contributorId":3433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wahl","given":"David","email":"dwahl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24693,"text":"Climate Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70174886,"text":"70174886 - 2016 - Evaluating the adequacy of a reference site pool for ecological assessments in environmentally complex regions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-20T11:03:34","indexId":"70174886","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-24T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1699,"text":"Freshwater Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating the adequacy of a reference site pool for ecological assessments in environmentally complex regions","docAbstract":"<p>Many advances in the field of bioassessment have focused on approaches for objectively selecting the pool of reference sites used to establish expectations for healthy waterbodies, but little emphasis has been placed on ways to evaluate the suitability of the reference-site pool for its intended applications (e.g., compliance assessment vs ambient monitoring). These evaluations are critical because an inadequately evaluated reference pool may bias assessments in some settings. We present an approach for evaluating the adequacy of a reference-site pool for supporting biotic-index development in environmentally heterogeneous and pervasively altered regions. We followed common approaches for selecting sites with low levels of anthropogenic stress to screen 1985 candidate stream reaches to create a pool of 590 reference sites for assessing the biological integrity of streams in California, USA. We assessed the resulting pool of reference sites against 2 performance criteria. First, we evaluated how well the reference-site pool represented the range of natural gradients present in the entire population of streams as estimated by sites sampled through probabilistic surveys. Second, we evaluated the degree to which we were successful in rejecting sites influenced by anthropogenic stress by comparing biological metric scores at reference sites with the most vs fewest potential sources of stress. Using this approach, we established a reference-site pool with low levels of human-associated stress and broad coverage of environmental heterogeneity. This approach should be widely applicable and customizable to particular regional or programmatic needs.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Society for Freshwater Science and the University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/684003","collaboration":"Southern California Coastal Water Research Project; California Department of Fish and Wildlife","usgsCitation":"Ode, P.R., Rehn, A.C., Mazor, R.D., Schiff, K.C., Stein, E.D., May, J., Brown, L.R., Herbst, D.B., Gillette, D., Lunde, K., and Hawkins, C., 2016, Evaluating the adequacy of a reference site pool for ecological assessments in environmentally complex regions: Freshwater Science, v. 35, no. 1, p. 237-248, https://doi.org/10.1086/684003.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"248","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063272","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488459,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/684003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":325467,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-122.421439,37.869969],[-122.41847,37.852721],[-122.434403,37.852434],[-122.446316,37.861046],[-122.430958,37.872242],[-122.421439,37.869969]]],[[[-122.3785,37.826505],[-122.377879,37.830648],[-122.369941,37.832137],[-122.358779,37.814278],[-122.362661,37.807577],[-122.372422,37.811301],[-122.3785,37.826505]]],[[[-120.248484,33.999329],[-120.230001,34.010136],[-120.19578,34.004284],[-120.167306,34.008219],[-120.147647,34.024831],[-120.140362,34.025974],[-120.115058,34.019866],[-120.090182,34.019806],[-120.073609,34.024477],[-120.057637,34.03734],[-120.043259,34.035806],[-120.050382,34.013331],[-120.046575,34.000002],[-120.011123,33.979894],[-119.978876,33.983081],[-119.979913,33.969623],[-119.97026,33.944359],[-120.017715,33.936366],[-120.048611,33.915775],[-120.098601,33.907853],[-120.121817,33.895712],[-120.168974,33.91909],[-120.224461,33.989059],[-120.248484,33.999329]]],[[[-119.789798,34.05726],[-119.755521,34.056716],[-119.712576,34.043265],[-119.686507,34.019805],[-119.637742,34.013178],[-119.612226,34.021256],[-119.604287,34.031561],[-119.608798,34.035245],[-119.59324,34.049625],[-119.5667,34.053452],[-119.52064,34.034262],[-119.542449,34.021082],[-119.547072,34.005469],[-119.560464,33.99553],[-119.575636,33.996009],[-119.596877,33.988611],[-119.662825,33.985889],[-119.721206,33.959583],[-119.742966,33.963877],[-119.758141,33.959212],[-119.842748,33.97034],[-119.873358,33.980375],[-119.884896,34.008814],[-119.876329,34.032087],[-119.916216,34.058351],[-119.923337,34.069361],[-119.919155,34.07728],[-119.912857,34.077508],[-119.857304,34.071298],[-119.825865,34.059794],[-119.818742,34.052997],[-119.789798,34.05726]]],[[[-120.46258,34.042627],[-120.440248,34.036918],[-120.415287,34.05496],[-120.403613,34.050442],[-120.390906,34.051994],[-120.368813,34.06778],[-120.370176,34.074907],[-120.362251,34.073056],[-120.354982,34.059256],[-120.36029,34.05582],[-120.358608,34.050235],[-120.346946,34.046576],[-120.331161,34.049097],[-120.302122,34.023574],[-120.317052,34.018837],[-120.347706,34.020114],[-120.35793,34.015029],[-120.409368,34.032198],[-120.427408,34.025425],[-120.454134,34.028081],[-120.465329,34.038448],[-120.46258,34.042627]]],[[[-118.524531,32.895488],[-118.535823,32.90628],[-118.551134,32.945155],[-118.573522,32.969183],[-118.586928,33.008281],[-118.596037,33.015357],[-118.606559,33.01469],[-118.605534,33.030999],[-118.594033,33.035951],[-118.57516,33.033961],[-118.569013,33.029151],[-118.559171,33.006291],[-118.540069,32.980933],[-118.496811,32.933847],[-118.369984,32.839273],[-118.353504,32.821962],[-118.356541,32.817311],[-118.379968,32.824545],[-118.394565,32.823978],[-118.425634,32.800595],[-118.44492,32.820593],[-118.496298,32.851572],[-118.507193,32.876264],[-118.524531,32.895488]]],[[[-118.500212,33.449592],[-118.477646,33.448392],[-118.445812,33.428907],[-118.423576,33.427258],[-118.382037,33.409883],[-118.370323,33.409285],[-118.365094,33.388374],[-118.310213,33.335795],[-118.303174,33.320264],[-118.305084,33.310323],[-118.325244,33.299075],[-118.374768,33.320065],[-118.440047,33.318638],[-118.465368,33.326056],[-118.48877,33.356649],[-118.478465,33.38632],[-118.48875,33.419826],[-118.515914,33.422417],[-118.52323,33.430733],[-118.53738,33.434608],[-118.563442,33.434381],[-118.60403,33.47654],[-118.54453,33.474119],[-118.500212,33.449592]]],[[[-119.543842,33.280329],[-119.528141,33.284929],[-119.465717,33.259239],[-119.429559,33.228167],[-119.444269,33.21919],[-119.476029,33.21552],[-119.545872,33.233406],[-119.564971,33.24744],[-119.578942,33.278628],[-119.562042,33.271129],[-119.543842,33.280329]]],[[[-122.289533,42.007764],[-121.035195,41.993323],[-120.001058,41.995139],[-119.995926,40.499901],[-120.005743,39.228664],[-120.001014,38.999574],[-119.333423,38.538328],[-118.714312,38.102185],[-117.875927,37.497267],[-117.244917,37.030244],[-116.488233,36.459097],[-115.852908,35.96966],[-115.102881,35.379371],[-114.633013,35.002085],[-114.629015,34.986148],[-114.634953,34.958918],[-114.629753,34.938684],[-114.635176,34.875003],[-114.623939,34.859738],[-114.586842,34.835672],[-114.57101,34.794294],[-114.552682,34.766871],[-114.516619,34.736745],[-114.470477,34.711368],[-114.452628,34.668546],[-114.451753,34.654321],[-114.441465,34.64253],[-114.438739,34.621455],[-114.424202,34.610453],[-114.429747,34.591734],[-114.422382,34.580711],[-114.405228,34.569637],[-114.380838,34.529724],[-114.378124,34.507288],[-114.386699,34.457911],[-114.375789,34.447798],[-114.335372,34.450038],[-114.32613,34.437251],[-114.294836,34.421389],[-114.286802,34.40534],[-114.264317,34.401329],[-114.226107,34.365916],[-114.199482,34.361373],[-114.176909,34.349306],[-114.157206,34.317862],[-114.138282,34.30323],[-114.134768,34.268965],[-114.139055,34.259538],[-114.159697,34.258242],[-114.223384,34.205136],[-114.229715,34.186928],[-114.254141,34.173831],[-114.287294,34.170529],[-114.320777,34.138635],[-114.353031,34.133121],[-114.366521,34.118575],[-114.390565,34.110084],[-114.411681,34.110031],[-114.43338,34.088413],[-114.43934,34.057893],[-114.434949,34.037784],[-114.438266,34.022609],[-114.46283,34.008421],[-114.46117,33.994687],[-114.499883,33.961789],[-114.522002,33.955623],[-114.535478,33.934651],[-114.533679,33.926072],[-114.508558,33.906098],[-114.518555,33.889847],[-114.50434,33.876882],[-114.503017,33.867998],[-114.514673,33.858638],[-114.52453,33.858477],[-114.529597,33.848063],[-114.520465,33.827778],[-114.527161,33.816191],[-114.504863,33.760465],[-114.504483,33.750998],[-114.512348,33.734214],[-114.496565,33.719155],[-114.494197,33.707922],[-114.495719,33.698454],[-114.523959,33.685879],[-114.531523,33.675108],[-114.525201,33.661583],[-114.530244,33.65014],[-114.526947,33.637534],[-114.529662,33.622794],[-114.524813,33.611351],[-114.540617,33.591412],[-114.5403,33.580615],[-114.524391,33.553683],[-114.558898,33.531819],[-114.560552,33.518272],[-114.569533,33.509219],[-114.591554,33.499443],[-114.622918,33.456561],[-114.627125,33.433554],[-114.635183,33.422726],[-114.652828,33.412922],[-114.687953,33.417944],[-114.701732,33.408388],[-114.725535,33.404056],[-114.708408,33.384147],[-114.698035,33.352442],[-114.707962,33.323421],[-114.731223,33.302434],[-114.723259,33.288079],[-114.684363,33.276025],[-114.672401,33.26047],[-114.689421,33.24525],[-114.674479,33.225504],[-114.678749,33.203448],[-114.675831,33.18152],[-114.679359,33.159519],[-114.703682,33.113769],[-114.706488,33.08816],[-114.68902,33.084036],[-114.686991,33.070969],[-114.674296,33.057171],[-114.673659,33.041897],[-114.662317,33.032671],[-114.64598,33.048903],[-114.618788,33.027202],[-114.589778,33.026228],[-114.575161,33.036542],[-114.52013,33.029984],[-114.502871,33.011153],[-114.492938,32.971781],[-114.476156,32.975168],[-114.467664,32.966861],[-114.469113,32.952673],[-114.48074,32.937027],[-114.47664,32.923628],[-114.462929,32.907944],[-114.468971,32.845155],[-114.494116,32.823288],[-114.510217,32.816417],[-114.530755,32.793485],[-114.532432,32.776923],[-114.526856,32.757094],[-114.539093,32.756949],[-114.539224,32.749812],[-114.564447,32.749554],[-114.564508,32.742298],[-114.581736,32.742321],[-114.581784,32.734946],[-114.612697,32.734516],[-114.618373,32.728245],[-114.688779,32.737675],[-114.701918,32.745548],[-114.719633,32.718763],[-116.04662,32.623353],[-117.124862,32.534156],[-117.136664,32.618754],[-117.168866,32.671952],[-117.196767,32.688851],[-117.213068,32.687751],[-117.236239,32.671353],[-117.246069,32.669352],[-117.25757,32.72605],[-117.25257,32.752949],[-117.25497,32.786948],[-117.26107,32.803148],[-117.280971,32.822247],[-117.28217,32.839547],[-117.27387,32.851447],[-117.26497,32.848947],[-117.25617,32.859447],[-117.25167,32.874346],[-117.25447,32.900146],[-117.28077,33.012343],[-117.315278,33.093504],[-117.328359,33.121842],[-117.362572,33.168437],[-117.469794,33.296417],[-117.50565,33.334063],[-117.547693,33.365491],[-117.59588,33.386629],[-117.607905,33.406317],[-117.645582,33.440728],[-117.684584,33.461927],[-117.691984,33.456627],[-117.715349,33.460556],[-117.726486,33.483427],[-117.784888,33.541525],[-117.814188,33.552224],[-117.840289,33.573523],[-117.87679,33.592322],[-117.927091,33.605521],[-117.940591,33.620021],[-118.000593,33.654319],[-118.029694,33.676418],[-118.088896,33.729817],[-118.132698,33.753217],[-118.180831,33.763072],[-118.187701,33.749218],[-118.181367,33.717367],[-118.207476,33.716905],[-118.258687,33.703741],[-118.317205,33.712818],[-118.360505,33.736817],[-118.385006,33.741417],[-118.396606,33.735917],[-118.411211,33.741985],[-118.428407,33.774715],[-118.405007,33.800215],[-118.394376,33.804289],[-118.392107,33.840915],[-118.460611,33.969111],[-118.482729,33.995912],[-118.519514,34.027509],[-118.543115,34.038508],[-118.569235,34.04164],[-118.609652,34.036424],[-118.668358,34.038887],[-118.706215,34.029383],[-118.744952,34.032103],[-118.783433,34.021543],[-118.805114,34.001239],[-118.854653,34.034215],[-118.928048,34.045847],[-118.938081,34.043383],[-119.004644,34.066231],[-119.037494,34.083111],[-119.088536,34.09831],[-119.109784,34.094566],[-119.130169,34.100102],[-119.18864,34.139005],[-119.216441,34.146105],[-119.257043,34.213304],[-119.278644,34.266902],[-119.290945,34.274902],[-119.313034,34.275689],[-119.337475,34.290576],[-119.370356,34.319486],[-119.388249,34.317398],[-119.42777,34.353016],[-119.461036,34.374064],[-119.536957,34.395495],[-119.559459,34.413395],[-119.616862,34.420995],[-119.638864,34.415696],[-119.671866,34.416096],[-119.688167,34.412497],[-119.684666,34.408297],[-119.709067,34.395397],[-119.729369,34.395897],[-119.794771,34.417597],[-119.835771,34.415796],[-119.853771,34.407996],[-119.873971,34.408795],[-119.925227,34.433931],[-119.956433,34.435288],[-120.008077,34.460447],[-120.038828,34.463434],[-120.088591,34.460208],[-120.141165,34.473405],[-120.25777,34.467451],[-120.295051,34.470623],[-120.341369,34.458789],[-120.471376,34.447846],[-120.47661,34.475131],[-120.511421,34.522953],[-120.581293,34.556959],[-120.622575,34.554017],[-120.637805,34.56622],[-120.645739,34.581035],[-120.640244,34.604406],[-120.60197,34.692095],[-120.60045,34.70464],[-120.614852,34.730709],[-120.62632,34.738072],[-120.637415,34.755895],[-120.616296,34.816308],[-120.610266,34.85818],[-120.616325,34.866739],[-120.639283,34.880413],[-120.647328,34.901133],[-120.670835,34.904115],[-120.63999,35.002963],[-120.629931,35.061515],[-120.630957,35.101941],[-120.644311,35.139616],[-120.651134,35.147768],[-120.662475,35.153357],[-120.675074,35.153061],[-120.698906,35.171192],[-120.714185,35.175998],[-120.74887,35.177795],[-120.754823,35.174701],[-120.756086,35.160459],[-120.760492,35.15971],[-120.778998,35.168897],[-120.786076,35.177666],[-120.856047,35.206487],[-120.89679,35.247877],[-120.862684,35.346776],[-120.866099,35.393045],[-120.884757,35.430196],[-120.907937,35.449069],[-120.946546,35.446715],[-120.969436,35.460197],[-121.003359,35.46071],[-121.101595,35.548814],[-121.126027,35.593058],[-121.143561,35.606046],[-121.166712,35.635399],[-121.251034,35.656641],[-121.284973,35.674109],[-121.289794,35.689428],[-121.314632,35.71331],[-121.315786,35.75252],[-121.332449,35.783106],[-121.388053,35.823483],[-121.413146,35.855316],[-121.439584,35.86695],[-121.462264,35.885618],[-121.461227,35.896906],[-121.472435,35.91989],[-121.4862,35.970348],[-121.503112,36.000299],[-121.531876,36.014368],[-121.574602,36.025156],[-121.590395,36.050363],[-121.592853,36.065062],[-121.606845,36.072065],[-121.618672,36.087767],[-121.629634,36.114452],[-121.680145,36.165818],[-121.717176,36.195146],[-121.779851,36.227407],[-121.797059,36.234211],[-121.813734,36.234235],[-121.826425,36.24186],[-121.851967,36.277831],[-121.874797,36.289064],[-121.888491,36.30281],[-121.894714,36.317806],[-121.892917,36.340428],[-121.905446,36.358269],[-121.903195,36.393603],[-121.914378,36.404344],[-121.91474,36.42589],[-121.9416,36.485602],[-121.938763,36.506423],[-121.944666,36.521861],[-121.925937,36.525173],[-121.932508,36.559935],[-121.942533,36.566435],[-121.957335,36.564482],[-121.978592,36.580488],[-121.970427,36.582754],[-121.941666,36.618059],[-121.93643,36.636746],[-121.923866,36.634559],[-121.890164,36.609259],[-121.889064,36.601759],[-121.860604,36.611136],[-121.831995,36.644856],[-121.814462,36.682858],[-121.807062,36.714157],[-121.805643,36.750239],[-121.788278,36.803994],[-121.809363,36.848654],[-121.862266,36.931552],[-121.894667,36.961851],[-121.930069,36.97815],[-121.95167,36.97145],[-121.972771,36.954151],[-122.012373,36.96455],[-122.023373,36.96215],[-122.027174,36.95115],[-122.050122,36.948523],[-122.105976,36.955951],[-122.155078,36.98085],[-122.20618,37.013949],[-122.252181,37.059448],[-122.284882,37.101747],[-122.306139,37.116383],[-122.337071,37.117382],[-122.337833,37.135936],[-122.359791,37.155574],[-122.367085,37.172817],[-122.390599,37.182988],[-122.405073,37.195791],[-122.407181,37.219465],[-122.419113,37.24147],[-122.411686,37.265844],[-122.40085,37.359225],[-122.423286,37.392542],[-122.443687,37.435941],[-122.452087,37.48054],[-122.472388,37.50054],[-122.493789,37.492341],[-122.499289,37.495341],[-122.516689,37.52134],[-122.519533,37.537302],[-122.513688,37.552239],[-122.517187,37.590637],[-122.501386,37.599637],[-122.494085,37.644035],[-122.496784,37.686433],[-122.514483,37.780829],[-122.50531,37.788312],[-122.485783,37.790629],[-122.478083,37.810828],[-122.463793,37.804653],[-122.407452,37.811441],[-122.398139,37.80563],[-122.385323,37.790724],[-122.375854,37.734979],[-122.356784,37.729505],[-122.361749,37.71501],[-122.370411,37.717572],[-122.391374,37.708331],[-122.387626,37.67906],[-122.374291,37.662206],[-122.3756,37.652389],[-122.387381,37.648462],[-122.386072,37.637662],[-122.35531,37.615736],[-122.358583,37.611155],[-122.373309,37.613773],[-122.378545,37.605592],[-122.360219,37.592501],[-122.317676,37.590865],[-122.305895,37.575484],[-122.262698,37.572866],[-122.214264,37.538505],[-122.196593,37.537196],[-122.194957,37.522469],[-122.168449,37.504143],[-122.155686,37.501198],[-122.140142,37.507907],[-122.127706,37.500053],[-122.111344,37.50758],[-122.111998,37.528851],[-122.147014,37.588411],[-122.145378,37.600846],[-122.152905,37.640771],[-122.163049,37.667933],[-122.246826,37.72193],[-122.257953,37.739601],[-122.257134,37.745001],[-122.242638,37.753744],[-122.253753,37.761218],[-122.293996,37.770416],[-122.330963,37.786035],[-122.33555,37.799538],[-122.333711,37.809797],[-122.323567,37.823214],[-122.303931,37.830087],[-122.301313,37.847758],[-122.310477,37.873938],[-122.309986,37.892755],[-122.32373,37.905845],[-122.33453,37.908791],[-122.35711,37.908791],[-122.367582,37.903882],[-122.385908,37.908136],[-122.39049,37.922535],[-122.413725,37.937262],[-122.430087,37.963115],[-122.415361,37.963115],[-122.399832,37.956009],[-122.367582,37.978168],[-122.361905,37.989991],[-122.367909,38.01253],[-122.340093,38.003694],[-122.321112,38.012857],[-122.300823,38.010893],[-122.283478,38.022674],[-122.262861,38.0446],[-122.273006,38.07438],[-122.314567,38.115287],[-122.366273,38.141467],[-122.39638,38.149976],[-122.403514,38.150624],[-122.409798,38.136231],[-122.439577,38.116923],[-122.454958,38.118887],[-122.489974,38.112014],[-122.483757,38.071762],[-122.499465,38.032165],[-122.497828,38.019402],[-122.481466,38.007621],[-122.462812,38.003367],[-122.452995,37.996167],[-122.448413,37.984713],[-122.456595,37.978823],[-122.471975,37.981768],[-122.488665,37.966714],[-122.487684,37.948716],[-122.479175,37.941516],[-122.48572,37.937589],[-122.499465,37.939225],[-122.503064,37.928753],[-122.478193,37.918608],[-122.471975,37.910427],[-122.472303,37.902573],[-122.458558,37.894064],[-122.448413,37.89341],[-122.438268,37.880974],[-122.45005,37.871157],[-122.462158,37.868866],[-122.480811,37.873448],[-122.479151,37.825428],[-122.505383,37.822128],[-122.548986,37.836227],[-122.561487,37.851827],[-122.584289,37.859227],[-122.60129,37.875126],[-122.656519,37.904519],[-122.682171,37.90645],[-122.70264,37.89382],[-122.727297,37.904626],[-122.736898,37.925825],[-122.766138,37.938004],[-122.783244,37.951334],[-122.797405,37.976657],[-122.821383,37.996735],[-122.856573,38.016717],[-122.882114,38.025273],[-122.939711,38.031908],[-122.956811,38.02872],[-122.981776,38.009119],[-122.97439,37.992429],[-123.024066,37.994878],[-123.011533,38.003438],[-122.99242,38.041758],[-122.960889,38.112962],[-122.949074,38.15406],[-122.953629,38.17567],[-122.965408,38.187113],[-122.968112,38.202428],[-122.993959,38.237602],[-122.968569,38.242879],[-122.967203,38.250691],[-122.977082,38.267902],[-122.986319,38.273164],[-123.002911,38.295708],[-123.024333,38.310573],[-123.038742,38.313576],[-123.051061,38.310693],[-123.053504,38.299385],[-123.063671,38.302178],[-123.074684,38.322574],[-123.068437,38.33521],[-123.068265,38.359865],[-123.128825,38.450418],[-123.202277,38.494314],[-123.249797,38.511045],[-123.287156,38.540223],[-123.331899,38.565542],[-123.343338,38.590008],[-123.371876,38.607235],[-123.398166,38.647044],[-123.441774,38.699744],[-123.461291,38.717001],[-123.514784,38.741966],[-123.541837,38.776764],[-123.579856,38.802835],[-123.58638,38.802857],[-123.605317,38.822765],[-123.647387,38.845472],[-123.659846,38.872529],[-123.71054,38.91323],[-123.725367,38.917438],[-123.726315,38.936367],[-123.738886,38.95412],[-123.729053,38.956667],[-123.711149,38.977316],[-123.6969,39.004401],[-123.690095,39.031157],[-123.693969,39.057363],[-123.713392,39.108422],[-123.721505,39.125327],[-123.737913,39.143442],[-123.742221,39.164885],[-123.765891,39.193657],[-123.774998,39.212083],[-123.777368,39.237214],[-123.787893,39.264327],[-123.803848,39.278771],[-123.803081,39.291747],[-123.811387,39.312825],[-123.808772,39.324368],[-123.822085,39.343857],[-123.826306,39.36871],[-123.81469,39.446538],[-123.766475,39.552803],[-123.787417,39.604552],[-123.782322,39.621486],[-123.792659,39.684122],[-123.808208,39.710715],[-123.829545,39.723071],[-123.838089,39.752409],[-123.839797,39.795637],[-123.851714,39.832041],[-123.907664,39.863028],[-123.930047,39.909697],[-123.954952,39.922373],[-123.980031,39.962458],[-124.035904,40.013319],[-124.056408,40.024305],[-124.068908,40.021307],[-124.079983,40.029773],[-124.080709,40.06611],[-124.110549,40.103765],[-124.187874,40.130542],[-124.214895,40.160902],[-124.296497,40.208816],[-124.320912,40.226617],[-124.327691,40.23737],[-124.34307,40.243979],[-124.363414,40.260974],[-124.363634,40.276212],[-124.347853,40.314634],[-124.362796,40.350046],[-124.365357,40.374855],[-124.373599,40.392923],[-124.391496,40.407047],[-124.409591,40.438076],[-124.38494,40.48982],[-124.383224,40.499852],[-124.387023,40.504954],[-124.382816,40.519],[-124.329404,40.61643],[-124.158322,40.876069],[-124.137066,40.925732],[-124.118147,40.989263],[-124.112165,41.028173],[-124.125448,41.048504],[-124.138217,41.054342],[-124.153622,41.05355],[-124.154513,41.087159],[-124.160556,41.099011],[-124.159065,41.121957],[-124.165414,41.129822],[-124.158539,41.143021],[-124.149674,41.140845],[-124.1438,41.144686],[-124.106986,41.229678],[-124.072294,41.374844],[-124.063076,41.439579],[-124.066057,41.470258],[-124.081427,41.511228],[-124.081987,41.547761],[-124.092404,41.553615],[-124.101123,41.569192],[-124.097385,41.585251],[-124.100961,41.602499],[-124.114413,41.616768],[-124.120225,41.640354],[-124.135552,41.657307],[-124.147412,41.717955],[-124.164716,41.740126],[-124.17739,41.745756],[-124.194953,41.736778],[-124.23972,41.7708],[-124.248704,41.771459],[-124.255994,41.783014],[-124.245027,41.7923],[-124.230678,41.818681],[-124.208439,41.888192],[-124.203402,41.940964],[-124.204948,41.983441],[-124.211605,41.99846],[-123.656998,41.995137],[-123.624554,41.999837],[-123.347562,41.999108],[-123.145959,42.009247],[-123.045254,42.003049],[-122.893961,42.002605],[-122.289533,42.007764]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"California\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"35","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5790a17fe4b030378fb4742a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ode, Peter R.","contributorId":45968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ode","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rehn, Andrew C.","contributorId":47650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rehn","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mazor, Raphael D.","contributorId":173011,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mazor","given":"Raphael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12704,"text":"Southern California Coastal Water Research Project","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schiff, Kenneth C.","contributorId":173012,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schiff","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12704,"text":"Southern California Coastal Water Research Project","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stein, Eric D.","contributorId":20023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"May, Jason 0000-0002-5699-2112 jasonmay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5699-2112","contributorId":152477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Jason","email":"jasonmay@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Herbst, David B.","contributorId":173013,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herbst","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":27141,"text":"Sierra Nevada Aquatic Research Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gillette, D.D.","contributorId":34283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillette","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Lunde, Kevin","contributorId":173014,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lunde","given":"Kevin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27142,"text":"San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hawkins, Charles P.","contributorId":173015,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hawkins","given":"Charles P.","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70157225,"text":"70157225 - 2016 - Relationships of maternal body size and morphology with egg and clutch size in the diamondback terrapin, <i>Malaclemys terrapin</i> (Testudines: Emydidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-18T09:12:32","indexId":"70157225","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-16T13:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1019,"text":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relationships of maternal body size and morphology with egg and clutch size in the diamondback terrapin, <i>Malaclemys terrapin</i> (Testudines: Emydidae)","docAbstract":"<p>Because resources are finite, female animals face trade-offs between the size and number of offspring they are able to produce during a single reproductive event. Optimal egg size (OES) theory predicts that any increase in resources allocated to reproduction should increase clutch size with minimal effects on egg size. Variations of OES predict that egg size should be optimized, although not necessarily constant across a population, because optimality is contingent on maternal phenotypes, such as body size and morphology, and recent environmental conditions. We examined the relationships among body size variables (pelvic aperture width, caudal gap height, and plastron length), clutch size, and egg width of diamondback terrapins from separate but proximate populations at Kiawah Island and Edisto Island, South Carolina. We found that terrapins do not meet some of the predictions of OES theory. Both populations exhibited greater variation in egg size among clutches than within, suggesting an absence of optimization except as it may relate to phenotype/habitat matching. We found that egg size appeared to be constrained by more than just pelvic aperture width in Kiawah terrapins but not in the Edisto population. Terrapins at Edisto appeared to exhibit osteokinesis in the caudal region of their shells, which may aid in the oviposition of large eggs.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Linnean Society of London","doi":"10.1111/bij.12655","usgsCitation":"Kern, M.M., Guzy, J., Lovich, J.E., Gibbons, J., and Dorcas, M.E., 2016, Relationships of maternal body size and morphology with egg and clutch size in the diamondback terrapin, <i>Malaclemys terrapin</i> (Testudines: Emydidae): Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, v. 117, no. 2, p. 295-304, https://doi.org/10.1111/bij.12655.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"295","endPage":"304","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045451","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471454,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bij.12655","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308210,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","city":"Charleston County","otherGeospatial":"Edisto Island, Kiwah River, Townsend Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.4151153564453,\n              32.46921923476023\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.4151153564453,\n              32.64457862829142\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.98458862304688,\n              32.64457862829142\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.98458862304688,\n              32.46921923476023\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.4151153564453,\n              32.46921923476023\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"117","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa849de4b05d6c4e501a2b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kern, Maximilian M.","contributorId":147737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kern","given":"Maximilian","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7082,"text":"University of California - Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guzy, Jacquelyn C.","contributorId":9146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guzy","given":"Jacquelyn C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lovich, Jeffrey E. 0000-0002-7789-2831 jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7789-2831","contributorId":458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovich","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gibbons, J. Whitfield","contributorId":46584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibbons","given":"J. Whitfield","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dorcas, Michael E.","contributorId":100515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dorcas","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12984,"text":"Department of Biology, Davidson College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70157233,"text":"70157233 - 2016 - Improving conservation outcomes with a new paradigm for understanding species’ fundamental and realized adaptive capacity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-28T12:53:35","indexId":"70157233","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-15T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1326,"text":"Conservation Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improving conservation outcomes with a new paradigm for understanding species’ fundamental and realized adaptive capacity","docAbstract":"<p><span>Worldwide, many species are responding to ongoing climate change with shifts in distribution, abundance, phenology, or behavior. Consequently, natural-resource managers face increasingly urgent conservation questions related to biodiversity loss, expansion of invasive species, and deteriorating ecosystem services. We argue that our ability to address these questions is hampered by the lack of explicit consideration of species&rsquo;&nbsp;</span><i>adaptive capacity</i><span>&nbsp;(AC). AC is the ability of a species or population to cope with climatic changes and is characterized by three fundamental components: phenotypic plasticity, dispersal ability, and genetic diversity. However, few studies simultaneously address all elements; often, AC is confused with sensitivity or omitted altogether from climate-change vulnerability assessments. Improved understanding, consistent definition, and comprehensive evaluations of AC are needed. Using classic ecological-niche theory as an analogy, we propose a new paradigm that considers fundamental and realized AC: the former reflects aspects inherent to species, whereas the latter denotes how extrinsic factors constrain AC to what is actually expressed or observed. Through this conceptualization, we identify ecological attributes contributing to AC, outline areas of research necessary to advance understanding of AC, and provide examples demonstrating how the inclusion of AC can better inform conservation and natural-resource management.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/conl.12190","usgsCitation":"Beever, E., O’Leary, J., Mengelt, C., West, J.M., Julius, S., Green, N., Magness, D., Petes, L.E., Stein, B.A., Nicotra, A.B., Hellmann, J.J., Robertson, A.L., Staudinger, M.D., Rosenberg, A.A., Babij, E., Brennan, J., Schuurman, G.W., and Hofmann, G.E., 2016, Improving conservation outcomes with a new paradigm for understanding species’ fundamental and realized adaptive capacity: Conservation Letters, v. 9, no. 2, p. 131-137, https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12190.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"137","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059591","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471456,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12190","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308125,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f93334e4b05d6c4e50136d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beever, Erik A. 0000-0002-9369-486X ebeever@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-486X","contributorId":147685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beever","given":"Erik A.","email":"ebeever@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5072,"text":"Office of Communication and Publishing","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Leary, John","contributorId":147689,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Leary","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16900,"text":"Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mengelt, Claudia 0000-0001-7869-5170","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7869-5170","contributorId":147690,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mengelt","given":"Claudia","affiliations":[{"id":16901,"text":"National Research Council, 500 Fifth Street NW, Washington, D.C., 20001, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"West, Jordan M.","contributorId":32414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"Jordan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Julius, Susan","contributorId":147706,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Julius","given":"Susan","affiliations":[{"id":13226,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Green, Nancy","contributorId":147691,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Green","given":"Nancy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16902,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Program, Washington, D.C., 20240, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Magness, Dawn","contributorId":147692,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Magness","given":"Dawn","affiliations":[{"id":16903,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Kenai National Wildlife Refuge, Soldotna, AK, 99669, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Petes, Laura E.","contributorId":68638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petes","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Stein, Bruce A.","contributorId":52896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Nicotra, Adrienne B","contributorId":147693,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicotra","given":"Adrienne","email":"","middleInitial":"B","affiliations":[{"id":16904,"text":"Division of Evolution, Ecology and Genetics, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, AUSTRALIA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Hellmann, Jessica J","contributorId":147694,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hellmann","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":16905,"text":"University of Notre Dame, Dept. of Biological Sciences, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Robertson, Amanda L","contributorId":147695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robertson","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":16906,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Science Applications, Fairbanks, AK, 99701, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Staudinger, Michelle D. 0000-0002-4535-2005 mstaudinger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4535-2005","contributorId":4057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staudinger","given":"Michelle","email":"mstaudinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5080,"text":"Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Rosenberg, Andrew A.","contributorId":104780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberg","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Babij, Eleanora","contributorId":147696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Babij","given":"Eleanora","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16907,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Migratory Bird Program, Washington, D.C., 20240, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Brennan, Jean","contributorId":147697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brennan","given":"Jean","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16908,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Appalachian Landscape Conservation Cooperative, Shepherdstown, WV, 25443, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Schuurman, Gregor W. 0000-0002-9304-7742","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9304-7742","contributorId":147698,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schuurman","given":"Gregor","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":16909,"text":"U.S. National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science, Fort Collins, CO, 80525, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Hofmann, Gretchen E","contributorId":147699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hofmann","given":"Gretchen","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":16910,"text":"Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, UC Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}}
,{"id":70160444,"text":"70160444 - 2016 - Assessing variability in chemical acute toxicity of unionid mussels: Influence of intra- and inter-laboratory testing, life stage, and species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T12:42:54","indexId":"70160444","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-15T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing variability in chemical acute toxicity of unionid mussels: Influence of intra- and inter-laboratory testing, life stage, and species","docAbstract":"<p>We developed a toxicity database for unionid mussels to examine the extent of intra- and inter-laboratory variability in acute toxicity tests with mussel larvae (glochidia) and juveniles; the extent of differential sensitivity of the two life stages; and the variation in sensitivity among commonly tested mussels (<i>Lampsilis siliquoidea</i>, <i>Utterbackia imbecillis</i>, <i>Villosa iris</i>), commonly tested cladocerans (<i>Daphnia magna</i>, <i>Ceriodaphnia dubia</i>) and fish (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>, <i>Pimephales promelas</i>, <i>Lepomis macrochirus</i>). The results of these analyses indicate intra-laboratory variability for median effect concentrations (EC50) averaged about 2 fold for both life stages, while inter-laboratory variability averaged 3.6 fold for juvenile mussels and 6.3 fold for glochidia. The EC50s for juveniles and glochidia were within a factor of 2 of each other for 50% of paired records across chemicals, with juveniles more sensitive than glochidia by more than 2 fold for 33% of the comparisons made between life stages. There was a high concurrence of the sensitivity of commonly tested <i>L. siliquoidea</i>, <i>U. imbecillis</i>, and<i> V. iris</i> to that of other mussels. However, this concurrence decreases as the taxonomic distance of the commonly tested cladocerans and fish to mussels increases. The compiled mussel database and determination of data variability will advance risk assessments by including more robust species sensitivity distributions, interspecies correlation estimates, and availability of taxon-specific empirically derived application factors for risk assessment.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1002/etc.3245","usgsCitation":"Raimondo, S., Lilavois, C.R., Lee, L., Augspurger, T., Wang, N., Ingersoll, C.G., Bauer, C.R., Hammer, E.J., and Barron, M.G., 2016, Assessing variability in chemical acute toxicity of unionid mussels: Influence of intra- and inter-laboratory testing, life stage, and species: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 35, no. 3, p. 750-758, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3245.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"750","endPage":"758","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064907","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312568,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"567930bee4b0da412f4fb537","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raimondo, Sandy","contributorId":150748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raimondo","given":"Sandy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18090,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, Gulf Breeze, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lilavois, Crystal R.","contributorId":150749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lilavois","given":"Crystal","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":18090,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, Gulf Breeze, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lee, Larisa","contributorId":150750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lee","given":"Larisa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18090,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, Gulf Breeze, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Augspurger, Tom","contributorId":63921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Augspurger","given":"Tom","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wang, Ning 0000-0002-2846-3352 nwang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2846-3352","contributorId":2818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Ning","email":"nwang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":582916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ingersoll, Christopher G. 0000-0003-4531-5949 cingersoll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":2071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"Christopher","email":"cingersoll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":582911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bauer, Candice R.","contributorId":150724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bauer","given":"Candice","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":18077,"text":"U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5, Water Quality Branch, Chicago, Illinois","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hammer, Edward J.","contributorId":150723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hammer","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":18077,"text":"U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5, Water Quality Branch, Chicago, Illinois","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Barron, Mace G.","contributorId":150751,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barron","given":"Mace","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":18090,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, Gulf Breeze, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70160492,"text":"70160492 - 2016 - Transforming ecosystems: When, where, and how to restore contaminated sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-03T09:08:43","indexId":"70160492","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-15T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2006,"text":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transforming ecosystems: When, where, and how to restore contaminated sites","docAbstract":"<p>Chemical contamination has impaired ecosystems, reducing biodiversity and the provisioning of functions and services. This has spurred a movement to restore contaminated ecosystems and develop and implement national and international regulations that require it. Nevertheless, ecological restoration remains a young and rapidly growing discipline and its intersection with toxicology is even more nascent and underdeveloped. Consequently, we provide guidance to scientists and practitioners on when, where, and how to restore contaminated ecosystems. Although restoration has many benefits, it also can be expensive, and in many cases systems can recover without human intervention. Hence, the first question we address is: &ldquo;When should we restore contaminated ecosystems?&rdquo; Second, we provide suggestions on what to restore&mdash;biodiversity, functions, services, all 3, or something else&mdash;and where to restore given expected changes to habitats driven by global climate change. Finally, we provide guidance on how to restore contaminated ecosystems. To do this, we analyze critical aspects of the literature dealing with the ecology of restoring contaminated ecosystems. Additionally, we review approaches for translating the science of restoration to on-the-ground actions, which includes discussions of market incentives and the finances of restoration, stakeholder outreach and governance models for ecosystem restoration, and working with contractors to implement restoration plans. By explicitly considering the mechanisms and strategies that maximize the success of the restoration of contaminated sites, we hope that our synthesis serves to increase and improve collaborations between restoration ecologists and ecotoxicologists and set a roadmap for the restoration of contaminated ecosystems.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"SETAC","publisherLocation":"Pensacola, FL","doi":"10.1002/ieam.1668","collaboration":"University of South Florida; University of Toronto-Scarborough; Colorado State University; Indiana Department Environmental Management; Dewberry, Inc.; ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences","usgsCitation":"Rohr, J.R., Farag, A.M., Cadotte, M.W., Clements, W.H., Smith, J.R., Ulrich, C.P., and Woods, R., 2016, Transforming ecosystems: When, where, and how to restore contaminated sites: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, v. 12, no. 2, p. 273-283, https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1668.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"273","endPage":"283","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063292","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471457,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1668","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":312567,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"567930d7e4b0da412f4fb5b4","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/ieam.1668","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1668","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Rohr Jason R, Farag Aïda M, Cadotte Marc W, Clements William H, Smith James R, Ulrich Cheryl P, Woods Richard","journalName":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","publicationDate":"9/15/2015","auditedOn":"9/25/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rohr, Jason R.","contributorId":18502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rohr","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farag, Aida M. 0000-0003-4247-6763 aida_farag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-6763","contributorId":1139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farag","given":"Aida","email":"aida_farag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":582993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cadotte, Marc W.","contributorId":150761,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cadotte","given":"Marc","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":18096,"text":"University of Toronto-Scarborough, Biological Sciences, Scarborough, ON, M1C","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clements, William H.","contributorId":39504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clements","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Smith, James R.","contributorId":150762,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":18097,"text":"Indiana Department Environmental Management, Office of Land Quality, 100 N. Senate Ave., Indianapolis, IN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ulrich, Cheryl P.","contributorId":150763,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ulrich","given":"Cheryl","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":18098,"text":"Dewberry, Inc., 7220 Financial Way, Suite 200, Jacksonville, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Woods, Richard","contributorId":150764,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woods","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18099,"text":"ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences Inc. 1545 RT 22 East, Annandale NJ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70157153,"text":"70157153 - 2016 - Pathogen exposure varies widely among sympatric populations of wild and domestic felids across the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-07T11:14:23","indexId":"70157153","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-10T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pathogen exposure varies widely among sympatric populations of wild and domestic felids across the United States","docAbstract":"<p>Understanding how landscape, host, and pathogen traits contribute to disease exposure requires systematic evaluations of pathogens within and among host species and geographic regions. The relative importance of these attributes is critical for management of wildlife and mitigating domestic animal and human disease, particularly given rapid ecological changes, such as urbanization. We screened &gt;1,000 samples from sympatric populations of puma (Puma concolor), bobcat (Lynx rufus) and domestic cat (Felis catus) across urban gradients in six sites, representing three regions, in North America for exposure to a representative suite of bacterial, protozoal and viral pathogens (Bartonella sp., Toxoplasma gondii, feline herpesvirus-1, feline panleukopenea virus, feline calicivirus, feline immunodeficiency virus). We evaluated prevalence within each species, and examined host trait and land cover determinants of exposure-providing an unprecedented analysis of factors relating to potential for infections in domesticated and wild felids. Prevalence differed among host species (highest for puma and lowest for domestic cat) and was greater for indirectly transmitted pathogens. Sex was inconsistently predictive of exposure to directly transmitted pathogens only, and age infrequently predictive of both direct and indirectly transmitted pathogens. Determinants of pathogen exposure were widely divergent between the wild felid species. For puma, suburban landuse predicted increased exposure to Bartonella sp. in southern California, and FHV-1 exposure increased near urban edges in Florida. This may suggest inter-specific transmission with domestic cats via flea vectors (California) and direct contact (Florida) around urban boundaries. Bobcats captured near urban areas had increased exposure to T. gondii in Florida, suggesting an urban source of prey. Bobcats captured near urban areas in Colorado and Florida had higher FIV exposure, possibly suggesting increased intra-specific interactions through pile-up of home ranges. Beyond these regional and pathogen specific relationships, proximity to the wildland urban interface did not generally increase the probability of disease exposure in wild or domestic felids, emphasizing the importance of local ecological determinants. Indeed, pathogen exposure was often negatively associated with the wildland urban interface for all felids. Our analyses suggest cross-species pathogen transmission events around this interface may be infrequent, but followed by self-sustaining propagation within the new host species.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/15-0445.1","usgsCitation":"Carver, S., Bevins, S.N., Lappin, M.R., Boydston, E.E., Lyren, L.M., Alldredge, M.W., Logan, K.A., Sweanor, L.L., Riley, S.P., Serieys, L., Fisher, R.N., Vickers, T., Boyce, W.M., McBride, R., Cunnigham, M.C., Jennings, M., Lewis, J., Lunn, T., Crooks, K.R., and VandeWoude, S., 2016, Pathogen exposure varies widely among sympatric populations of wild and domestic felids across the United States: Ecological Applications, v. 26, no. 2, p. 367-381, https://doi.org/10.1890/15-0445.1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"367","endPage":"381","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055994","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471458,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/15-0445.1","text":"External Repository"},{"id":308053,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Colorado,Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.70703125,\n              32.58384932565662\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.70703125,\n              34.813803317113155\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.6640625,\n              34.813803317113155\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.6640625,\n              32.58384932565662\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.70703125,\n              32.58384932565662\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -109.3798828125,\n              37.68382032669382\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.3798828125,\n              39.402244340292775\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.3916015625,\n              39.402244340292775\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.3916015625,\n              37.68382032669382\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.3798828125,\n              37.68382032669382\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.3916015625,\n              40.17887331434696\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.3916015625,\n              40.88029480552824\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.83154296875,\n              40.88029480552824\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.83154296875,\n              40.17887331434696\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.3916015625,\n              40.17887331434696\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.4853515625,\n              25.48295117535531\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.4853515625,\n              27.235094607795503\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.00244140625,\n              27.235094607795503\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.00244140625,\n              25.48295117535531\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.4853515625,\n              25.48295117535531\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f29baae4b0dacf699ec699","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carver, Scott","contributorId":30857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carver","given":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bevins, Sarah N.","contributorId":105571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bevins","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lappin, Michael R.","contributorId":93312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lappin","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boydston, Erin E. 0000-0002-8452-835X eboydston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8452-835X","contributorId":1705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boydston","given":"Erin","email":"eboydston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lyren, Lisa M. llyren@usgs.gov","contributorId":2398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyren","given":"Lisa","email":"llyren@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Alldredge, Mathew W.","contributorId":147536,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alldredge","given":"Mathew","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":16861,"text":"Colorado Parks and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Logan, Kenneth A.","contributorId":10261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Logan","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Sweanor, Linda L.","contributorId":147537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sweanor","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":16861,"text":"Colorado Parks and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Riley, Seth P.D.","contributorId":83246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riley","given":"Seth","email":"","middleInitial":"P.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Serieys, Laurel E.K.","contributorId":86695,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Serieys","given":"Laurel E.K.","affiliations":[{"id":7081,"text":"University of California - Los Angeles","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Vickers, T. Winston","contributorId":52822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vickers","given":"T. Winston","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Boyce, Walter M.","contributorId":75671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyce","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"McBride, Roy","contributorId":76659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McBride","given":"Roy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Cunnigham, Mark C.","contributorId":147538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cunnigham","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":16862,"text":"University of California, Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Jennings, Megan","contributorId":147539,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jennings","given":"Megan","affiliations":[{"id":16863,"text":"Rancher's Supply","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Lewis, Jesse S.","contributorId":147540,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewis","given":"Jesse S.","affiliations":[{"id":12556,"text":"Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Lunn, Tamika","contributorId":147541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lunn","given":"Tamika","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6737,"text":"Colorado State University, Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, and Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Crooks, Kevin R.","contributorId":51137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crooks","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"VandeWoude, Sue","contributorId":44771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VandeWoude","given":"Sue","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20}]}}
,{"id":70159174,"text":"70159174 - 2016 - Bayesian data analysis in population ecology: motivations, methods, and benefits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-11T15:42:38","indexId":"70159174","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-07T13:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3103,"text":"Population Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bayesian data analysis in population ecology: motivations, methods, and benefits","docAbstract":"<p>During the 20th century ecologists largely relied on the frequentist system of inference for the analysis of their data. However, in the past few decades ecologists have become increasingly interested in the use of Bayesian methods of data analysis. In this article I provide guidance to ecologists who would like to decide whether Bayesian methods can be used to improve their conclusions and predictions. I begin by providing a concise summary of Bayesian methods of analysis, including a comparison of differences between Bayesian and frequentist approaches to inference when using hierarchical models. Next I provide a list of problems where Bayesian methods of analysis may arguably be preferred over frequentist methods. These problems are usually encountered in analyses based on hierarchical models of data. I describe the essentials required for applying modern methods of Bayesian computation, and I use real-world examples to illustrate these methods. I conclude by summarizing what I perceive to be the main strengths and weaknesses of using Bayesian methods to solve ecological inference problems.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Japan","publisherLocation":"Tokyo, Japan","doi":"10.1007/s10144-015-0503-4","usgsCitation":"Dorazio, R., 2016, Bayesian data analysis in population ecology: motivations, methods, and benefits: Population Ecology, v. 58, no. 1, p. 31-44, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10144-015-0503-4.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"44","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060523","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310033,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"58","issue":"1","publicComments":"This manuscript was submitted for the special feature based on a symposium in Tsukuba, Japan, held on 11 October 2014.","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5626143be4b0fb9a11dd75f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dorazio, Robert 0000-0003-2663-0468 bob_dorazio@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2663-0468","contributorId":149286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorazio","given":"Robert","email":"bob_dorazio@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":577750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70187374,"text":"70187374 - 2016 - Multi‐season occupancy models identify biotic and abiotic factors influencing a recovering Arctic Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus tundrius population","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-30T09:19:56","indexId":"70187374","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-07T13:12:14","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1961,"text":"Ibis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Multi‐season occupancy models identify biotic and abiotic factors influencing a recovering Arctic Peregrine Falcon <i>Falco peregrinus tundrius</i> population","title":"Multi‐season occupancy models identify biotic and abiotic factors influencing a recovering Arctic Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus tundrius population","docAbstract":"<p><span>Critical information for evaluating the effectiveness of management strategies for species of concern include distinguishing seldom occupied (or low‐quality) habitat from habitat that is frequently occupied and thus contributes substantially to population trends. Using multi‐season models that account for imperfect detection and a long‐term (1981–2002) dataset on migratory Arctic Peregrine Falcons&nbsp;</span><i>Falco peregrinus tundrius</i><span>&nbsp;nesting along the Colville River, Alaska, we quantified the effects of previous year's productivity (i.e. site quality), amount of prey habitat, topography, climate, competition and year on occupancy dynamics across two spatial scales (nest‐sites, cliffs) during recovery of the population. Initial occupancy probability was positively correlated with area of surrounding prey habitat and height of nest‐sites above the Colville River. Colonization probability was positively correlated with nest height and negatively correlated with date of snowmelt. Local extinction probability was negatively correlated with productivity, area of prey habitat and nest height. Colonization and local extinction probabilities were also positively and negatively correlated, respectively, with year. Our results suggest that nest‐sites (or cliffs) along the Colville River do not need equal protection measures. Nest‐sites and cliffs with historically higher productivity were occupied most frequently and had lower probability of local extinction. These sites were on cliffs high above the river drainage, surrounded by adequate prey habitat and with southerly aspects associated with early snowmelt and warmer microclimates in spring. Protecting these sites is likely to encourage continued occupancy by Arctic Peregrine Falcons along the Colville River and other similar areas. Our findings also illustrate the importance of evaluating fitness parameters along with climate and habitat features when analysing occupancy dynamics, particularly with a long‐term dataset spanning a range of annual climate variation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ibi.12313","usgsCitation":"Bruggeman, J.E., Swem, T., Andersen, D., Kennedy, P.L., and Debora Nigro, 2016, Multi‐season occupancy models identify biotic and abiotic factors influencing a recovering Arctic Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus tundrius population: Ibis, v. 158, no. 1, p. 61-74, https://doi.org/10.1111/ibi.12313.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"74","ipdsId":"IP-050764","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370113,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Colville River Special Area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -158.521728515625,\n              68.31002672261663\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.11694335937497,\n              68.31002672261663\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.11694335937497,\n              70.11422207508899\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.521728515625,\n              70.11422207508899\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.521728515625,\n              68.31002672261663\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}\n","volume":"158","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bruggeman, Jason E.","contributorId":18983,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bruggeman","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swem, Ted","contributorId":64463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swem","given":"Ted","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andersen, David E. 0000-0001-9535-3404 dea@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9535-3404","contributorId":2168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andersen","given":"David E.","email":"dea@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":34539,"text":"Minnesota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kennedy, Patricia L.","contributorId":172826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Debora Nigro","contributorId":217532,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Debora Nigro","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70162240,"text":"70162240 - 2016 - Assessing the robustness of quantitative fatty acid signature analysis to assumption violations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-20T12:38:41","indexId":"70162240","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-06T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2717,"text":"Methods in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the robustness of quantitative fatty acid signature analysis to assumption violations","docAbstract":"<p>&nbsp;</p>\n<ol>\n<li>Knowledge of animal diets can provide important insights into life history and ecology, relationships among species in a community and potential response to ecosystem change or perturbation. Quantitative fatty acid signature analysis (QFASA) is a method of estimating diets from data on the composition, or signature, of fatty acids stored in adipose tissue. Given data on signatures of potential prey, a predator diet is estimated by minimizing the distance between its signature and a mixture of prey signatures. Calibration coefficients, constants derived from feeding trials, are used to account for differential metabolism of individual fatty acids. QFASA has been widely applied since its introduction and several variants of the original estimator have appeared in the literature. However, work to compare the statistical properties of QFASA estimators has been limited.</li>\n<li>One important characteristic of an estimator is its robustness to violations of model assumptions. The primary assumptions of QFASA are that prey signature data contain representatives of all prey types consumed and the calibration coefficients are known without error. We investigated the robustness of two QFASA estimators to a range of violations of these assumptions using computer simulation and recorded the resulting bias in diet estimates.</li>\n<li>We found that the Aitchison distance measure was most robust to errors in the calibration coefficients. Conversely, the Kullback&ndash;Leibler distance measure was most robust to the consumption of prey without representation in the prey signature data.</li>\n<li>In most QFASA applications, investigators will generally have some knowledge of the prey available to predators and be able to assess the completeness of prey signature data and sample additional prey as necessary. Conversely, because calibration coefficients are derived from feeding trials with captive animals and their values may be sensitive to consumer physiology and nutritional status, their applicability to free-ranging animals is difficult to establish. We therefore recommend that investigators first make any improvements to the prey signature data that seem warranted and then base estimation on the Aitchison distance measure, as it appears to minimize risk from violations of the assumption that is most difficult to verify.</li>\n</ol>","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/2041-210X.12456","usgsCitation":"Bromaghin, J.F., Budge, S.M., Thiemann, G.W., and Rode, K.D., 2016, Assessing the robustness of quantitative fatty acid signature analysis to assumption violations: Methods in Ecology and Evolution, v. 7, no. 1, p. 51-59, https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12456.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"51","endPage":"59","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064116","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471459,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210x.12456","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438651,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7PR7T2W","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Assessing the robustness of quantitative fatty acid signature analysis to assumption violations (Supplementary data)"},{"id":438650,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7N877TK","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"QFASA Robustness to Assumption Violations: Computer Code"},{"id":314526,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a0bdc6e4b0961cf280dc10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bromaghin, Jeffrey F. 0000-0002-7209-9500 jbromaghin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7209-9500","contributorId":139899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bromaghin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jbromaghin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Budge, Suzanne M.","contributorId":92168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Budge","given":"Suzanne","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24650,"text":"Dalhousie University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thiemann, Gregory W.","contributorId":83023,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thiemann","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":27291,"text":"York University, Toronto, ON","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rode, Karyn D. 0000-0002-3328-8202 krode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3328-8202","contributorId":5053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rode","given":"Karyn","email":"krode@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70157074,"text":"70157074 - 2016 - Seasonal and spatial patterns of growth of rainbow trout in the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, AZ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-25T16:26:44","indexId":"70157074","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal and spatial patterns of growth of rainbow trout in the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, AZ","docAbstract":"<p><span>Rainbow trout (</span><i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i><span>) have been purposely introduced in many regulated rivers, with inadvertent consequences on native fishes. We describe how trout growth rates and condition could be influencing trout population dynamics in a 130 km section of the Colorado River below Glen Canyon Dam based on a large-scale mark&ndash;recapture program where &sim;8000 rainbow trout were recaptured over a 3-year period (2012&ndash;2014). There were strong temporal and spatial variations in growth in both length and weight as predicted from von Bertalanffy and bioenergetic models, respectively. There was more evidence for seasonal variation in the growth coefficient and annual variation in the asymptotic length. Bioenergetic models showed more variability for growth in weight across seasons and years than across reaches. These patterns were consistent with strong seasonal variation in invertebrate drift and effects of turbidity on foraging efficiency. Highest growth rates and relative condition occurred in downstream reaches with lower trout densities. Results indicate that reduction in rainbow trout abundance in Glen Canyon will likely increase trout size in the tailwater fishery and may reduce downstream dispersal into Grand Canyon.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2015-0102","usgsCitation":"Yard, M.D., Korman, J., Walters, C.J., and Kennedy, T., 2016, Seasonal and spatial patterns of growth of rainbow trout in the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, AZ: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 73, no. 1, p. 125-139, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0102.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"125","endPage":"139","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063595","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488749,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1807/70979","text":"External Repository"},{"id":307998,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River, Grand Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.313232421875,\n              35.97356075349624\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.313232421875,\n              36.99816565700228\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.1651611328125,\n              36.99816565700228\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.1651611328125,\n              35.97356075349624\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.313232421875,\n              35.97356075349624\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"73","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f15832e4b0dacf699eb978","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yard, Micheal D. myard@usgs.gov","contributorId":147386,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yard","given":"Micheal","email":"myard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":571505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Korman, Josh","contributorId":29922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Korman","given":"Josh","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walters, Carl J.","contributorId":25122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kennedy, T.A.","contributorId":86155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70158925,"text":"70158925 - 2016 - In defense of Magnetite-Ilmenite Thermometry in the Bishop Tuff and its implication for gradients in silicic magma reservoirs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-11T10:30:17","indexId":"70158925","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In defense of Magnetite-Ilmenite Thermometry in the Bishop Tuff and its implication for gradients in silicic magma reservoirs","docAbstract":"<p>Despite claims to the contrary, the compositions of magnetite and ilmenite in the Bishop Tuff correctly record the changing conditions of <i>T</i> and <i>fO<sub>2</sub></i> in the magma reservoir. In relatively reduced (<span>∆NNO &lt; 1) siliceous magmas (e.g., Bishop Tuff, Taupo units), Ti behaves compatibly (D<i><sub>Ti</sub></i>&nbsp;&asymp; 2-3.5), leading to a decrease in TiO<sub>2</sub> activity in the melt with cooling and fractionation. In contrast, FeTi-oxides are poorer in TiO<sub>2</sub> in more oxidized magmas (∆NNO &gt; 1, e.g., Fish Canyon Tuff, Pinatubo), and the <i>d(a</i>TiO<sub>2</sub>)/<i>dT</i> slope can be negative. Biotite, FeTi-oxides, liquid, and possibly plagioclase largely maintained equilibrium in the Bishop Tuff magma (unlike the pyroxenes, and cores of quartz, sanidine, and zircon) prior ro and during a mixing event triggered by a deeper recharge, which, based on elemental diffusion profiles in minerals, took place at least several decades before eruption. Equilibrating phases and pumice compositions show evolving chemical variations that correlate well with mutually consistent temperatures based on the FeTi-oxides, sanidine-plagioclase, and&nbsp;∆<sup>18</sup>O quartz-magnetite pairs. Early Bishop Tuff (EBT) temperatures are lower (700 to ~780&lrm;&deg;C) than temperatures (780 to &gt;820&deg;C) registered in Late Bishop Tuff (LBT), the latter defined here not strictly stratigraphically, but by the presence of orthopyroxene and reverse-zoned rims on quartz and sanidine. The claimed similarity in compositions, Zr-saturation temperatures and thermodynamically calculated temperatures (730-740&deg;C) between EBT and less evolved LBT reflect the use of glass inclusions in quartz cores in LBT that were inherited from the low temperature rhyolitic part of the reservoir characteristic of the EBT. LBT temperatures as high as 820&deg;C, the preservation of orthopyroxene, and the presence of reverse-zoned minerals (quartz, sanidine, zircons) are consistent with magma recharge at the base of the zoned reservoir, heating the cooler rhyolitic melt, partly remelting cumulate mush, and introducing enough CO<sub>2</sub> (0.4-1.4 wt%, mostly contained in the exsolved fluid phase) to significantly lower H<sub>2</sub>O-activity in the system.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Mineralogical Society of America","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.2138/am-2016-5367","usgsCitation":"Evans, B.W., Hildreth, E., Bachmann, O., and Scaillet, B., 2016, In defense of Magnetite-Ilmenite Thermometry in the Bishop Tuff and its implication for gradients in silicic magma reservoirs: American Mineralogist, v. 101, no. 2, p. 469-482, https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2016-5367.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"469","endPage":"482","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065012","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471460,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://insu.hal.science/insu-01293443","text":"External Repository"},{"id":309883,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"101","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"561f7cb7e4b03ee62faa8fe6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, Bernard W","contributorId":149095,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"Bernard","email":"","middleInitial":"W","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":576887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hildreth, Edward 0000-0002-7925-4251 hildreth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-4251","contributorId":146999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildreth","given":"Edward","email":"hildreth@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":576886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bachmann, Olivier","contributorId":101030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bachmann","given":"Olivier","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":576888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scaillet, Bruno","contributorId":149096,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scaillet","given":"Bruno","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17639,"text":"CNRS, Universite d'Orleans, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":576889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70157483,"text":"70157483 - 2016 - 1DTempPro V2: new features for inferring groundwater/surface-water exchange","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-12T10:28:50","indexId":"70157483","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1866,"text":"Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"1DTempPro V2: new features for inferring groundwater/surface-water exchange","docAbstract":"<p><span>A new version of the computer program 1DTempPro extends the original code to include new capabilities for (1) automated parameter estimation, (2) layer heterogeneity, and (3) time-varying specific discharge. The code serves as an interface to the U.S. Geological Survey model VS2DH and supports analysis of vertical one-dimensional temperature profiles under saturated flow conditions to assess groundwater/surface-water exchange and estimate hydraulic conductivity for cases where hydraulic head is known.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Ground Water Association","publisherLocation":"Worthington, OH","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12369","collaboration":"US EPA; USGS Groundwater Resources Program; USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","usgsCitation":"Koch, F.W., Voytek, E.B., Day-Lewis, F.D., Healy, R.W., Briggs, M.A., Lane, J.W., and Werkema, D.D., 2016, 1DTempPro V2: new features for inferring groundwater/surface-water exchange: Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation, v. 54, no. 3, p. 434-439, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12369.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"434","endPage":"439","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066878","costCenters":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438652,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F76T0JQS","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"1DTempPro: A program for analysis of vertical one-dimensional (1D) temperature profiles"},{"id":309369,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560d07abe4b058f706e542f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koch, Franklin W.","contributorId":147929,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koch","given":"Franklin","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":16958,"text":"USGS, OGW Branch of Geophysics & Univ. of Calgary","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Voytek, Emily B. 0000-0003-0981-453X ebvoytek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0981-453X","contributorId":3575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voytek","given":"Emily","email":"ebvoytek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Day-Lewis, Frederick D. 0000-0003-3526-886X daylewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3526-886X","contributorId":1672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day-Lewis","given":"Frederick","email":"daylewis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Healy, Richard W. 0000-0002-0224-1858 rwhealy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0224-1858","contributorId":658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"Richard","email":"rwhealy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Briggs, Martin A. 0000-0003-3206-4132 mbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-4132","contributorId":4114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Martin","email":"mbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. jwlane@usgs.gov","contributorId":1738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"jwlane@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":573290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Werkema, Dale D.","contributorId":40488,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Werkema","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70169235,"text":"70169235 - 2016 - Diagnostic and model dependent uncertainty of simulated Tibetan permafrost area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-17T16:10:22","indexId":"70169235","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1350,"text":"Cryosphere Discussions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diagnostic and model dependent uncertainty of simulated Tibetan permafrost area","docAbstract":"<p><span>&nbsp;</span>We perform a land-surface model intercomparison to investigate how the simulation of permafrost area on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) varies among six modern stand-alone land-surface models (CLM4.5, CoLM, ISBA, JULES, LPJ-GUESS, UVic). We also examine the variability in simulated permafrost area and distribution introduced by five different methods of diagnosing permafrost (from modeled monthly ground temperature, mean annual ground and air temperatures, air and surface frost indexes). There is good agreement (99 to 135 &thinsp;&times;&thinsp; 10<sup>4</sup> km<sup>2</sup>) between the two diagnostic methods based on air temperature which are also consistent with the observation-based estimate of actual permafrost area (101 &thinsp;&times; 10<sup>4</sup> km<sup>2</sup>). However the uncertainty (1 to 128 &thinsp;&times;&thinsp; 10<sup>4</sup> km<sup>2</sup>) using the three methods that require simulation of ground temperature is much greater. Moreover simulated permafrost distribution on the TP is generally only fair to poor for these three methods (diagnosis of permafrost from monthly, and mean annual ground temperature, and surface frost index), while permafrost distribution using air-temperature-based methods is generally good. Model evaluation at field sites highlights specific problems in process simulations likely related to soil texture specification, vegetation types and snow cover. Models are particularly poor at simulating permafrost distribution using the definition that soil temperature remains at or below 0 &deg;C for 24 consecutive months, which requires reliable simulation of both mean annual ground temperatures and seasonal cycle, and hence is relatively demanding. Although models can produce better permafrost maps using mean annual ground temperature and surface frost index, analysis of simulated soil temperature profiles reveals substantial biases. The current generation of land-surface models need to reduce biases in simulated soil temperature profiles before reliable contemporary permafrost maps and predictions of changes in future permafrost distribution can be made for the Tibetan Plateau.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/tc-10-287-2016","usgsCitation":"Wang, A., Moore, J., Cui, X., Ji, D., Li, Q., Zhang, N., Wang, C., Zhang, S., Lawrence, D., McGuire, A., Zhang, W., Delire, C., Koven, C., Saito, K., MacDougall, A., Burke, E., and Decharme, B., 2016, Diagnostic and model dependent uncertainty of simulated Tibetan permafrost area: Cryosphere Discussions, v. 10, no. 1, p. 287-306, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-287-2016.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"287","endPage":"306","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063587","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471461,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-287-2016","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":319368,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Tibeta Plateau","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.68242645263672,\n              46.13036330589103\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.68242645263672,\n              46.150107913663334\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.65873718261719,\n              46.150107913663334\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.65873718261719,\n              46.13036330589103\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.68242645263672,\n              46.13036330589103\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.73096370697021,\n              45.77300107536654\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.73096370697021,\n              45.78153149170592\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.71843242645264,\n              45.78153149170592\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.71843242645264,\n              45.77300107536654\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.73096370697021,\n              45.77300107536654\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              77.82714843749999,\n              28.729130483430154\n            ],\n            [\n              77.82714843749999,\n              40.04443758460859\n            ],\n            [\n              105.5126953125,\n              40.04443758460859\n            ],\n            [\n              105.5126953125,\n              28.729130483430154\n            ],\n            [\n              77.82714843749999,\n              28.729130483430154\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f50fb7e4b0f59b85e1ead7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, A.","contributorId":46735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, J.C.","contributorId":95141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cui, Xingquan","contributorId":150229,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cui","given":"Xingquan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17943,"text":"Univ of Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":623701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ji, D.","contributorId":167827,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ji","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Li, Q.","contributorId":85397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Q.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zhang, N.","contributorId":26520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wang, C.","contributorId":50689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Zhang, S.","contributorId":51064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lawrence, D.M.","contributorId":98608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"McGuire, A. D.","contributorId":16552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Zhang, W.","contributorId":92399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Delire, C.","contributorId":167821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delire","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Koven, C.","contributorId":39655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koven","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Saito, K.","contributorId":167823,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saito","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"MacDougall, A.","contributorId":167822,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacDougall","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Burke, E.","contributorId":167820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burke","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Decharme, B.","contributorId":167825,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Decharme","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}}
,{"id":70156724,"text":"70156724 - 2016 - Dramatic increase in sea otter mortality from white sharks in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-04T10:23:03","indexId":"70156724","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-31T13:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2671,"text":"Marine Mammal Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dramatic increase in sea otter mortality from white sharks in California","docAbstract":"<p>Although southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis) are not considered prey for white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias), sharks do nonetheless bite sea otters. We analyzed spatial and temporal trends in shark bites on sea otters in California, assessing the frequency of shark bite wounds in 1,870 carcasses collected since 1985. The proportion of stranded sea otters having shark bites has increased sharply since 2003, and white shark bites now account for &gt;50% of recovered carcasses. The trend was most pronounced in the southern part of the range, from Estero Bay to Point Conception, where shark bite frequency has increased eightfold. Seasonal trends were also evident: most shark-bitten carcasses are recovered in late summer and fall; however, the period of elevated shark bite frequency has lengthened. The causes of these trends are unclear, but possible contributing factors include increased white shark abundance and/or changes in white shark behavior and distribution. In particular, the spatiotemporal patterns of shark-bitten sea otters match increases in pinniped populations, and the increased availability of marine mammal prey for white sharks may have led to more sharks spending more time in nearshore waters utilized by both sea otters and pinnipeds.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/mms.12261","usgsCitation":"Tinker, M.T., Hatfield, B.B., Harris, M.D., and Ames, J.A., 2016, Dramatic increase in sea otter mortality from white sharks in California: Marine Mammal Science, v. 32, no. 1, p. 309-326, https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.12261.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"309","endPage":"326","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066921","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307727,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-122.421439,37.869969],[-122.41847,37.852721],[-122.434403,37.852434],[-122.446316,37.861046],[-122.430958,37.872242],[-122.421439,37.869969]]],[[[-122.3785,37.826505],[-122.377879,37.830648],[-122.369941,37.832137],[-122.358779,37.814278],[-122.362661,37.807577],[-122.372422,37.811301],[-122.3785,37.826505]]],[[[-120.248484,33.999329],[-120.230001,34.010136],[-120.19578,34.004284],[-120.167306,34.008219],[-120.147647,34.024831],[-120.140362,34.025974],[-120.115058,34.019866],[-120.090182,34.019806],[-120.073609,34.024477],[-120.057637,34.03734],[-120.043259,34.035806],[-120.050382,34.013331],[-120.046575,34.000002],[-120.011123,33.979894],[-119.978876,33.983081],[-119.979913,33.969623],[-119.97026,33.944359],[-120.017715,33.936366],[-120.048611,33.915775],[-120.098601,33.907853],[-120.121817,33.895712],[-120.168974,33.91909],[-120.224461,33.989059],[-120.248484,33.999329]]],[[[-119.789798,34.05726],[-119.755521,34.056716],[-119.712576,34.043265],[-119.686507,34.019805],[-119.637742,34.013178],[-119.612226,34.021256],[-119.604287,34.031561],[-119.608798,34.035245],[-119.59324,34.049625],[-119.5667,34.053452],[-119.52064,34.034262],[-119.542449,34.021082],[-119.547072,34.005469],[-119.560464,33.99553],[-119.575636,33.996009],[-119.596877,33.988611],[-119.662825,33.985889],[-119.721206,33.959583],[-119.742966,33.963877],[-119.758141,33.959212],[-119.842748,33.97034],[-119.873358,33.980375],[-119.884896,34.008814],[-119.876329,34.032087],[-119.916216,34.058351],[-119.923337,34.069361],[-119.919155,34.07728],[-119.912857,34.077508],[-119.857304,34.071298],[-119.825865,34.059794],[-119.818742,34.052997],[-119.789798,34.05726]]],[[[-120.46258,34.042627],[-120.440248,34.036918],[-120.415287,34.05496],[-120.403613,34.050442],[-120.390906,34.051994],[-120.368813,34.06778],[-120.370176,34.074907],[-120.362251,34.073056],[-120.354982,34.059256],[-120.36029,34.05582],[-120.358608,34.050235],[-120.346946,34.046576],[-120.331161,34.049097],[-120.302122,34.023574],[-120.317052,34.018837],[-120.347706,34.020114],[-120.35793,34.015029],[-120.409368,34.032198],[-120.427408,34.025425],[-120.454134,34.028081],[-120.465329,34.038448],[-120.46258,34.042627]]],[[[-118.524531,32.895488],[-118.535823,32.90628],[-118.551134,32.945155],[-118.573522,32.969183],[-118.586928,33.008281],[-118.596037,33.015357],[-118.606559,33.01469],[-118.605534,33.030999],[-118.594033,33.035951],[-118.57516,33.033961],[-118.569013,33.029151],[-118.559171,33.006291],[-118.540069,32.980933],[-118.496811,32.933847],[-118.369984,32.839273],[-118.353504,32.821962],[-118.356541,32.817311],[-118.379968,32.824545],[-118.394565,32.823978],[-118.425634,32.800595],[-118.44492,32.820593],[-118.496298,32.851572],[-118.507193,32.876264],[-118.524531,32.895488]]],[[[-118.500212,33.449592],[-118.477646,33.448392],[-118.445812,33.428907],[-118.423576,33.427258],[-118.382037,33.409883],[-118.370323,33.409285],[-118.365094,33.388374],[-118.310213,33.335795],[-118.303174,33.320264],[-118.305084,33.310323],[-118.325244,33.299075],[-118.374768,33.320065],[-118.440047,33.318638],[-118.465368,33.326056],[-118.48877,33.356649],[-118.478465,33.38632],[-118.48875,33.419826],[-118.515914,33.422417],[-118.52323,33.430733],[-118.53738,33.434608],[-118.563442,33.434381],[-118.60403,33.47654],[-118.54453,33.474119],[-118.500212,33.449592]]],[[[-119.543842,33.280329],[-119.528141,33.284929],[-119.465717,33.259239],[-119.429559,33.228167],[-119.444269,33.21919],[-119.476029,33.21552],[-119.545872,33.233406],[-119.564971,33.24744],[-119.578942,33.278628],[-119.562042,33.271129],[-119.543842,33.280329]]],[[[-122.289533,42.007764],[-121.035195,41.993323],[-120.001058,41.995139],[-119.995926,40.499901],[-120.005743,39.228664],[-120.001014,38.999574],[-119.333423,38.538328],[-118.714312,38.102185],[-117.875927,37.497267],[-117.244917,37.030244],[-116.488233,36.459097],[-115.852908,35.96966],[-115.102881,35.379371],[-114.633013,35.002085],[-114.629015,34.986148],[-114.634953,34.958918],[-114.629753,34.938684],[-114.635176,34.875003],[-114.623939,34.859738],[-114.586842,34.835672],[-114.57101,34.794294],[-114.552682,34.766871],[-114.516619,34.736745],[-114.470477,34.711368],[-114.452628,34.668546],[-114.451753,34.654321],[-114.441465,34.64253],[-114.438739,34.621455],[-114.424202,34.610453],[-114.429747,34.591734],[-114.422382,34.580711],[-114.405228,34.569637],[-114.380838,34.529724],[-114.378124,34.507288],[-114.386699,34.457911],[-114.375789,34.447798],[-114.335372,34.450038],[-114.32613,34.437251],[-114.294836,34.421389],[-114.286802,34.40534],[-114.264317,34.401329],[-114.226107,34.365916],[-114.199482,34.361373],[-114.176909,34.349306],[-114.157206,34.317862],[-114.138282,34.30323],[-114.134768,34.268965],[-114.139055,34.259538],[-114.159697,34.258242],[-114.223384,34.205136],[-114.229715,34.186928],[-114.254141,34.173831],[-114.287294,34.170529],[-114.320777,34.138635],[-114.353031,34.133121],[-114.366521,34.118575],[-114.390565,34.110084],[-114.411681,34.110031],[-114.43338,34.088413],[-114.43934,34.057893],[-114.434949,34.037784],[-114.438266,34.022609],[-114.46283,34.008421],[-114.46117,33.994687],[-114.499883,33.961789],[-114.522002,33.955623],[-114.535478,33.934651],[-114.533679,33.926072],[-114.508558,33.906098],[-114.518555,33.889847],[-114.50434,33.876882],[-114.503017,33.867998],[-114.514673,33.858638],[-114.52453,33.858477],[-114.529597,33.848063],[-114.520465,33.827778],[-114.527161,33.816191],[-114.504863,33.760465],[-114.504483,33.750998],[-114.512348,33.734214],[-114.496565,33.719155],[-114.494197,33.707922],[-114.495719,33.698454],[-114.523959,33.685879],[-114.531523,33.675108],[-114.525201,33.661583],[-114.530244,33.65014],[-114.526947,33.637534],[-114.529662,33.622794],[-114.524813,33.611351],[-114.540617,33.591412],[-114.5403,33.580615],[-114.524391,33.553683],[-114.558898,33.531819],[-114.560552,33.518272],[-114.569533,33.509219],[-114.591554,33.499443],[-114.622918,33.456561],[-114.627125,33.433554],[-114.635183,33.422726],[-114.652828,33.412922],[-114.687953,33.417944],[-114.701732,33.408388],[-114.725535,33.404056],[-114.708408,33.384147],[-114.698035,33.352442],[-114.707962,33.323421],[-114.731223,33.302434],[-114.723259,33.288079],[-114.684363,33.276025],[-114.672401,33.26047],[-114.689421,33.24525],[-114.674479,33.225504],[-114.678749,33.203448],[-114.675831,33.18152],[-114.679359,33.159519],[-114.703682,33.113769],[-114.706488,33.08816],[-114.68902,33.084036],[-114.686991,33.070969],[-114.674296,33.057171],[-114.673659,33.041897],[-114.662317,33.032671],[-114.64598,33.048903],[-114.618788,33.027202],[-114.589778,33.026228],[-114.575161,33.036542],[-114.52013,33.029984],[-114.502871,33.011153],[-114.492938,32.971781],[-114.476156,32.975168],[-114.467664,32.966861],[-114.469113,32.952673],[-114.48074,32.937027],[-114.47664,32.923628],[-114.462929,32.907944],[-114.468971,32.845155],[-114.494116,32.823288],[-114.510217,32.816417],[-114.530755,32.793485],[-114.532432,32.776923],[-114.526856,32.757094],[-114.539093,32.756949],[-114.539224,32.749812],[-114.564447,32.749554],[-114.564508,32.742298],[-114.581736,32.742321],[-114.581784,32.734946],[-114.612697,32.734516],[-114.618373,32.728245],[-114.688779,32.737675],[-114.701918,32.745548],[-114.719633,32.718763],[-116.04662,32.623353],[-117.124862,32.534156],[-117.136664,32.618754],[-117.168866,32.671952],[-117.196767,32.688851],[-117.213068,32.687751],[-117.236239,32.671353],[-117.246069,32.669352],[-117.25757,32.72605],[-117.25257,32.752949],[-117.25497,32.786948],[-117.26107,32.803148],[-117.280971,32.822247],[-117.28217,32.839547],[-117.27387,32.851447],[-117.26497,32.848947],[-117.25617,32.859447],[-117.25167,32.874346],[-117.25447,32.900146],[-117.28077,33.012343],[-117.315278,33.093504],[-117.328359,33.121842],[-117.362572,33.168437],[-117.469794,33.296417],[-117.50565,33.334063],[-117.547693,33.365491],[-117.59588,33.386629],[-117.607905,33.406317],[-117.645582,33.440728],[-117.684584,33.461927],[-117.691984,33.456627],[-117.715349,33.460556],[-117.726486,33.483427],[-117.784888,33.541525],[-117.814188,33.552224],[-117.840289,33.573523],[-117.87679,33.592322],[-117.927091,33.605521],[-117.940591,33.620021],[-118.000593,33.654319],[-118.029694,33.676418],[-118.088896,33.729817],[-118.132698,33.753217],[-118.180831,33.763072],[-118.187701,33.749218],[-118.181367,33.717367],[-118.207476,33.716905],[-118.258687,33.703741],[-118.317205,33.712818],[-118.360505,33.736817],[-118.385006,33.741417],[-118.396606,33.735917],[-118.411211,33.741985],[-118.428407,33.774715],[-118.405007,33.800215],[-118.394376,33.804289],[-118.392107,33.840915],[-118.460611,33.969111],[-118.482729,33.995912],[-118.519514,34.027509],[-118.543115,34.038508],[-118.569235,34.04164],[-118.609652,34.036424],[-118.668358,34.038887],[-118.706215,34.029383],[-118.744952,34.032103],[-118.783433,34.021543],[-118.805114,34.001239],[-118.854653,34.034215],[-118.928048,34.045847],[-118.938081,34.043383],[-119.004644,34.066231],[-119.037494,34.083111],[-119.088536,34.09831],[-119.109784,34.094566],[-119.130169,34.100102],[-119.18864,34.139005],[-119.216441,34.146105],[-119.257043,34.213304],[-119.278644,34.266902],[-119.290945,34.274902],[-119.313034,34.275689],[-119.337475,34.290576],[-119.370356,34.319486],[-119.388249,34.317398],[-119.42777,34.353016],[-119.461036,34.374064],[-119.536957,34.395495],[-119.559459,34.413395],[-119.616862,34.420995],[-119.638864,34.415696],[-119.671866,34.416096],[-119.688167,34.412497],[-119.684666,34.408297],[-119.709067,34.395397],[-119.729369,34.395897],[-119.794771,34.417597],[-119.835771,34.415796],[-119.853771,34.407996],[-119.873971,34.408795],[-119.925227,34.433931],[-119.956433,34.435288],[-120.008077,34.460447],[-120.038828,34.463434],[-120.088591,34.460208],[-120.141165,34.473405],[-120.25777,34.467451],[-120.295051,34.470623],[-120.341369,34.458789],[-120.471376,34.447846],[-120.47661,34.475131],[-120.511421,34.522953],[-120.581293,34.556959],[-120.622575,34.554017],[-120.637805,34.56622],[-120.645739,34.581035],[-120.640244,34.604406],[-120.60197,34.692095],[-120.60045,34.70464],[-120.614852,34.730709],[-120.62632,34.738072],[-120.637415,34.755895],[-120.616296,34.816308],[-120.610266,34.85818],[-120.616325,34.866739],[-120.639283,34.880413],[-120.647328,34.901133],[-120.670835,34.904115],[-120.63999,35.002963],[-120.629931,35.061515],[-120.630957,35.101941],[-120.644311,35.139616],[-120.651134,35.147768],[-120.662475,35.153357],[-120.675074,35.153061],[-120.698906,35.171192],[-120.714185,35.175998],[-120.74887,35.177795],[-120.754823,35.174701],[-120.756086,35.160459],[-120.760492,35.15971],[-120.778998,35.168897],[-120.786076,35.177666],[-120.856047,35.206487],[-120.89679,35.247877],[-120.862684,35.346776],[-120.866099,35.393045],[-120.884757,35.430196],[-120.907937,35.449069],[-120.946546,35.446715],[-120.969436,35.460197],[-121.003359,35.46071],[-121.101595,35.548814],[-121.126027,35.593058],[-121.143561,35.606046],[-121.166712,35.635399],[-121.251034,35.656641],[-121.284973,35.674109],[-121.289794,35.689428],[-121.314632,35.71331],[-121.315786,35.75252],[-121.332449,35.783106],[-121.388053,35.823483],[-121.413146,35.855316],[-121.439584,35.86695],[-121.462264,35.885618],[-121.461227,35.896906],[-121.472435,35.91989],[-121.4862,35.970348],[-121.503112,36.000299],[-121.531876,36.014368],[-121.574602,36.025156],[-121.590395,36.050363],[-121.592853,36.065062],[-121.606845,36.072065],[-121.618672,36.087767],[-121.629634,36.114452],[-121.680145,36.165818],[-121.717176,36.195146],[-121.779851,36.227407],[-121.797059,36.234211],[-121.813734,36.234235],[-121.826425,36.24186],[-121.851967,36.277831],[-121.874797,36.289064],[-121.888491,36.30281],[-121.894714,36.317806],[-121.892917,36.340428],[-121.905446,36.358269],[-121.903195,36.393603],[-121.914378,36.404344],[-121.91474,36.42589],[-121.9416,36.485602],[-121.938763,36.506423],[-121.944666,36.521861],[-121.925937,36.525173],[-121.932508,36.559935],[-121.942533,36.566435],[-121.957335,36.564482],[-121.978592,36.580488],[-121.970427,36.582754],[-121.941666,36.618059],[-121.93643,36.636746],[-121.923866,36.634559],[-121.890164,36.609259],[-121.889064,36.601759],[-121.860604,36.611136],[-121.831995,36.644856],[-121.814462,36.682858],[-121.807062,36.714157],[-121.805643,36.750239],[-121.788278,36.803994],[-121.809363,36.848654],[-121.862266,36.931552],[-121.894667,36.961851],[-121.930069,36.97815],[-121.95167,36.97145],[-121.972771,36.954151],[-122.012373,36.96455],[-122.023373,36.96215],[-122.027174,36.95115],[-122.050122,36.948523],[-122.105976,36.955951],[-122.155078,36.98085],[-122.20618,37.013949],[-122.252181,37.059448],[-122.284882,37.101747],[-122.306139,37.116383],[-122.337071,37.117382],[-122.337833,37.135936],[-122.359791,37.155574],[-122.367085,37.172817],[-122.390599,37.182988],[-122.405073,37.195791],[-122.407181,37.219465],[-122.419113,37.24147],[-122.411686,37.265844],[-122.40085,37.359225],[-122.423286,37.392542],[-122.443687,37.435941],[-122.452087,37.48054],[-122.472388,37.50054],[-122.493789,37.492341],[-122.499289,37.495341],[-122.516689,37.52134],[-122.519533,37.537302],[-122.513688,37.552239],[-122.517187,37.590637],[-122.501386,37.599637],[-122.494085,37.644035],[-122.496784,37.686433],[-122.514483,37.780829],[-122.50531,37.788312],[-122.485783,37.790629],[-122.478083,37.810828],[-122.463793,37.804653],[-122.407452,37.811441],[-122.398139,37.80563],[-122.385323,37.790724],[-122.375854,37.734979],[-122.356784,37.729505],[-122.361749,37.71501],[-122.370411,37.717572],[-122.391374,37.708331],[-122.387626,37.67906],[-122.374291,37.662206],[-122.3756,37.652389],[-122.387381,37.648462],[-122.386072,37.637662],[-122.35531,37.615736],[-122.358583,37.611155],[-122.373309,37.613773],[-122.378545,37.605592],[-122.360219,37.592501],[-122.317676,37.590865],[-122.305895,37.575484],[-122.262698,37.572866],[-122.214264,37.538505],[-122.196593,37.537196],[-122.194957,37.522469],[-122.168449,37.504143],[-122.155686,37.501198],[-122.140142,37.507907],[-122.127706,37.500053],[-122.111344,37.50758],[-122.111998,37.528851],[-122.147014,37.588411],[-122.145378,37.600846],[-122.152905,37.640771],[-122.163049,37.667933],[-122.246826,37.72193],[-122.257953,37.739601],[-122.257134,37.745001],[-122.242638,37.753744],[-122.253753,37.761218],[-122.293996,37.770416],[-122.330963,37.786035],[-122.33555,37.799538],[-122.333711,37.809797],[-122.323567,37.823214],[-122.303931,37.830087],[-122.301313,37.847758],[-122.310477,37.873938],[-122.309986,37.892755],[-122.32373,37.905845],[-122.33453,37.908791],[-122.35711,37.908791],[-122.367582,37.903882],[-122.385908,37.908136],[-122.39049,37.922535],[-122.413725,37.937262],[-122.430087,37.963115],[-122.415361,37.963115],[-122.399832,37.956009],[-122.367582,37.978168],[-122.361905,37.989991],[-122.367909,38.01253],[-122.340093,38.003694],[-122.321112,38.012857],[-122.300823,38.010893],[-122.283478,38.022674],[-122.262861,38.0446],[-122.273006,38.07438],[-122.314567,38.115287],[-122.366273,38.141467],[-122.39638,38.149976],[-122.403514,38.150624],[-122.409798,38.136231],[-122.439577,38.116923],[-122.454958,38.118887],[-122.489974,38.112014],[-122.483757,38.071762],[-122.499465,38.032165],[-122.497828,38.019402],[-122.481466,38.007621],[-122.462812,38.003367],[-122.452995,37.996167],[-122.448413,37.984713],[-122.456595,37.978823],[-122.471975,37.981768],[-122.488665,37.966714],[-122.487684,37.948716],[-122.479175,37.941516],[-122.48572,37.937589],[-122.499465,37.939225],[-122.503064,37.928753],[-122.478193,37.918608],[-122.471975,37.910427],[-122.472303,37.902573],[-122.458558,37.894064],[-122.448413,37.89341],[-122.438268,37.880974],[-122.45005,37.871157],[-122.462158,37.868866],[-122.480811,37.873448],[-122.479151,37.825428],[-122.505383,37.822128],[-122.548986,37.836227],[-122.561487,37.851827],[-122.584289,37.859227],[-122.60129,37.875126],[-122.656519,37.904519],[-122.682171,37.90645],[-122.70264,37.89382],[-122.727297,37.904626],[-122.736898,37.925825],[-122.766138,37.938004],[-122.783244,37.951334],[-122.797405,37.976657],[-122.821383,37.996735],[-122.856573,38.016717],[-122.882114,38.025273],[-122.939711,38.031908],[-122.956811,38.02872],[-122.981776,38.009119],[-122.97439,37.992429],[-123.024066,37.994878],[-123.011533,38.003438],[-122.99242,38.041758],[-122.960889,38.112962],[-122.949074,38.15406],[-122.953629,38.17567],[-122.965408,38.187113],[-122.968112,38.202428],[-122.993959,38.237602],[-122.968569,38.242879],[-122.967203,38.250691],[-122.977082,38.267902],[-122.986319,38.273164],[-123.002911,38.295708],[-123.024333,38.310573],[-123.038742,38.313576],[-123.051061,38.310693],[-123.053504,38.299385],[-123.063671,38.302178],[-123.074684,38.322574],[-123.068437,38.33521],[-123.068265,38.359865],[-123.128825,38.450418],[-123.202277,38.494314],[-123.249797,38.511045],[-123.287156,38.540223],[-123.331899,38.565542],[-123.343338,38.590008],[-123.371876,38.607235],[-123.398166,38.647044],[-123.441774,38.699744],[-123.461291,38.717001],[-123.514784,38.741966],[-123.541837,38.776764],[-123.579856,38.802835],[-123.58638,38.802857],[-123.605317,38.822765],[-123.647387,38.845472],[-123.659846,38.872529],[-123.71054,38.91323],[-123.725367,38.917438],[-123.726315,38.936367],[-123.738886,38.95412],[-123.729053,38.956667],[-123.711149,38.977316],[-123.6969,39.004401],[-123.690095,39.031157],[-123.693969,39.057363],[-123.713392,39.108422],[-123.721505,39.125327],[-123.737913,39.143442],[-123.742221,39.164885],[-123.765891,39.193657],[-123.774998,39.212083],[-123.777368,39.237214],[-123.787893,39.264327],[-123.803848,39.278771],[-123.803081,39.291747],[-123.811387,39.312825],[-123.808772,39.324368],[-123.822085,39.343857],[-123.826306,39.36871],[-123.81469,39.446538],[-123.766475,39.552803],[-123.787417,39.604552],[-123.782322,39.621486],[-123.792659,39.684122],[-123.808208,39.710715],[-123.829545,39.723071],[-123.838089,39.752409],[-123.839797,39.795637],[-123.851714,39.832041],[-123.907664,39.863028],[-123.930047,39.909697],[-123.954952,39.922373],[-123.980031,39.962458],[-124.035904,40.013319],[-124.056408,40.024305],[-124.068908,40.021307],[-124.079983,40.029773],[-124.080709,40.06611],[-124.110549,40.103765],[-124.187874,40.130542],[-124.214895,40.160902],[-124.296497,40.208816],[-124.320912,40.226617],[-124.327691,40.23737],[-124.34307,40.243979],[-124.363414,40.260974],[-124.363634,40.276212],[-124.347853,40.314634],[-124.362796,40.350046],[-124.365357,40.374855],[-124.373599,40.392923],[-124.391496,40.407047],[-124.409591,40.438076],[-124.38494,40.48982],[-124.383224,40.499852],[-124.387023,40.504954],[-124.382816,40.519],[-124.329404,40.61643],[-124.158322,40.876069],[-124.137066,40.925732],[-124.118147,40.989263],[-124.112165,41.028173],[-124.125448,41.048504],[-124.138217,41.054342],[-124.153622,41.05355],[-124.154513,41.087159],[-124.160556,41.099011],[-124.159065,41.121957],[-124.165414,41.129822],[-124.158539,41.143021],[-124.149674,41.140845],[-124.1438,41.144686],[-124.106986,41.229678],[-124.072294,41.374844],[-124.063076,41.439579],[-124.066057,41.470258],[-124.081427,41.511228],[-124.081987,41.547761],[-124.092404,41.553615],[-124.101123,41.569192],[-124.097385,41.585251],[-124.100961,41.602499],[-124.114413,41.616768],[-124.120225,41.640354],[-124.135552,41.657307],[-124.147412,41.717955],[-124.164716,41.740126],[-124.17739,41.745756],[-124.194953,41.736778],[-124.23972,41.7708],[-124.248704,41.771459],[-124.255994,41.783014],[-124.245027,41.7923],[-124.230678,41.818681],[-124.208439,41.888192],[-124.203402,41.940964],[-124.204948,41.983441],[-124.211605,41.99846],[-123.656998,41.995137],[-123.624554,41.999837],[-123.347562,41.999108],[-123.145959,42.009247],[-123.045254,42.003049],[-122.893961,42.002605],[-122.289533,42.007764]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"California\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"32","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55e56ca3e4b05561fa20866e","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/mms.12261","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mms.12261","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Tinker M. Tim, Hatfield Brian B., Harris Michael D., Ames Jack A.","journalName":"Marine Mammal Science","publicationDate":"8/14/2015","auditedOn":"10/5/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tinker, M. Tim 0000-0002-3314-839X ttinker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-839X","contributorId":2796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinker","given":"M.","email":"ttinker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Tim","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatfield, Brian B. 0000-0003-1432-2660 brian_hatfield@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1432-2660","contributorId":127457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatfield","given":"Brian","email":"brian_hatfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":570268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harris, Michael D.","contributorId":127460,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harris","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6952,"text":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ames, Jack A.","contributorId":127458,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ames","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6952,"text":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70156836,"text":"70156836 - 2016 - Detecting significant change in stream benthic macroinvertebrate communities in wilderness areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-01T13:16:49","indexId":"70156836","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-31T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detecting significant change in stream benthic macroinvertebrate communities in wilderness areas","docAbstract":"<p id=\"spar0005\">A major challenge in the biological monitoring of stream ecosystems in protected wilderness areas is discerning whether temporal changes in community structure are significantly outside of a reference condition that represents natural or acceptable annual variation in population cycles. Otherwise sites could erroneously be classified as impaired. Long-term datasets are essential for understanding these trends, to ascertain whether any changes in community structure significantly beyond the reference condition are permanent shifts or with time move back to within previous limits. To this end, we searched for long-term (&gt;8 years) quantitative data sets of macroinvertebrate communities in wadeable rivers collected by similar methods and time of year in protected wilderness areas with minimal anthropogenic disturbance. Four geographic areas with datasets that met these criteria in the USA were identified, namely: McLaughlin Nature Reserve in California (1 stream), Great Smoky Mountains National Park in Tennesse-North Carolina (14 streams), Wind River Wilderness Areas in Wyoming (3 streams) and Denali National Park and Preserve in Alaska (6 streams).</p>\n<p id=\"spar0010\">Two statistical approaches were applied: Taxonomic Distinctness (TD) to describe changes in diversity over time and non-metric multidimensional scaling (MDS) to describe changes over time in community persistence (Jaccards Index) and community stability (Bray&ndash;Curtis Index). Control charts were used to determine if years in MDS plots were significantly outside a reference condition. For Hunting Creek, TD showed three years outside natural variation which could be attributed to severe hydrological events but years outside the natural-variation funnel at sites in other geographical areas were inconsistent and could not be explained by environmental variables. TD identified simulated severe pollutant events which caused the removal of entire invertebrate assemblages but not simulated water temperature shifts.</p>\n<p id=\"spar0015\">Within a region, both MDS analyses typically identified similar years as exceeding reference condition variation, illustrating the utility of the approach for identifying wider spatial scale effects that influence more than one stream. MDS responded to both simulated water temperature stress and a pollutant event, and generally outlying years on MDS plots could be explained by environmental variables, particularly higher precipitation. Multivariate control charts successfully identified whether shifts in community structure identified by MDS were significant and whether the shift represented a press disturbance (long-term change) or a pulse disturbance. We consider a combination of TD and MDS with control charts to be a potentially powerful tool for determining years significantly outside of a reference condition variation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.07.025","usgsCitation":"Milner, A.M., Woodward, A., Freilich, J.E., Black, R.W., and Resh, V.H., 2016, Detecting significant change in stream benthic macroinvertebrate communities in wilderness areas: Ecological Indicators, v. 60, p. 524-537, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.07.025.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"524","endPage":"537","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052838","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307725,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska, California, North Carolina, Tennesse, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Denali National Park and Preserve, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, McLaughlin Nature Reserve, Wind River Wilderness Area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.40966796874999,\n              39.027718840211605\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.40966796874999,\n              40.027614437486655\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.26708984374999,\n              40.027614437486655\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.26708984374999,\n              39.027718840211605\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.40966796874999,\n              39.027718840211605\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.19287109375,\n              42.76314586689494\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.19287109375,\n              43.8503744993026\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.52294921875,\n              43.8503744993026\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.52294921875,\n              42.76314586689494\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.19287109375,\n              42.76314586689494\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -153.87451171875,\n              62.21163423606344\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.87451171875,\n              64.52954819942195\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.18359375,\n              64.52954819942195\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.18359375,\n              62.21163423606344\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.87451171875,\n              62.21163423606344\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.9794921875,\n              35.31736632923788\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.9794921875,\n              36.13787471840729\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.8369140625,\n              36.13787471840729\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.8369140625,\n              35.31736632923788\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.9794921875,\n              35.31736632923788\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"60","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55e56ca2e4b05561fa20866c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milner, Alexander M.","contributorId":90341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milner","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woodward, Andrea 0000-0003-0604-9115 awoodward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0604-9115","contributorId":3028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"Andrea","email":"awoodward@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Freilich, Jerome E.","contributorId":147210,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freilich","given":"Jerome","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12587,"text":"Olympic National Park, Port Angeles, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Black, Robert W. 0000-0002-4748-8213 rwblack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4748-8213","contributorId":1820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Black","given":"Robert","email":"rwblack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Resh, Vincent H.","contributorId":12169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Resh","given":"Vincent","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70156835,"text":"70156835 - 2016 - Experimental infection of six North American fish species with the North Carolina strain of spring Viremia of Carp Virus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-19T11:46:49","indexId":"70156835","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-31T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":853,"text":"Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental infection of six North American fish species with the North Carolina strain of spring Viremia of Carp Virus","docAbstract":"<p id=\"sp0005\">Spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) is a rhabdoviral pathogen associated with disease outbreaks in cultured and wild fish worldwide. Common carp (<i>Cyprinus carpio carp</i>), and koi (<i>C. carpio koi</i>) suffer the highest mortalities from SVCV infections, while other cyprinid fish species have varying susceptibility. Although salmonid fish typically are considered refractory to infection by SVCV, there have been a few reports suggesting infection has occurred in rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>). There have been no reports of Percid fish being infected with SVCV. Since the first North American outbreak of SVCV at a North Carolina koi farm in 2002 there have been eight subsequent detections or outbreaks of SVCV among fish species from the families of&nbsp;<i>Cyprinidae</i>&nbsp;and<i>Centrarchidae</i>&nbsp;within the US and Canada. Thus, this exotic virus is considered a potential threat to native and cultured fish populations in North America. We performed multiple experimental challenges with fish species from three families (<i>Salmonidae</i>,&nbsp;<i>Cyprinidae</i>, and&nbsp;<i>Percidae</i>) to identify the potential risk associated with SVCV exposure of resident fish populations in North America.</p>\n<p id=\"sp0010\">Three salmonid species, rainbow and steelhead trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>), Chinook salmon (<i>O. tshawytscha</i>), and sockeye salmon (<i>O. nerka</i>), were challenged by immersion or injection with the North Carolina SVCV isolate. Two cyprinid species, koi and fathead minnow (<i>Pimephales promelas</i>) and one percid species, yellow perch (<i>Perca flavescens</i>) were also challenged. Koi were highly susceptible to SVCV up to 11&nbsp;months of age and fathead minnows had chronic disease expression with moderate mortality (29%). SVCV also induced moderate mortalities (33%) in yellow perch fry. Virus challenged salmonid fish had cumulative percent mortalities ranging from 0 to 100%, with sockeye salmon fry being the most vulnerable. A sub-sample of mortalities and survivors were screened for virus by plaque assay and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In general, all mortalities tested positive for SVCV with high viral titers while survivors had variable persistence of SVCV with overall lower virus titers. Our SVCV challenges of multiple North American fish species suggested that host age is a key factor in determining disease outcome. Other factors, such as fish broodstock, virus strain, water temperature, and rearing conditions in association with the intrinsic level of species susceptibility may also impact infection dynamics. This is the first report of SVCV infecting a species (yellow perch) in the family&nbsp;<i>Percidae</i>&nbsp;and that sockeye salmon fry can suffer similarly high mortalities as the primary SVCV host species.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.07.007","usgsCitation":"Emmenegger, E.J., Sanders, G.E., Conway, C.M., Binkowski, F.P., Winton, J., and Kurath, G., 2016, Experimental infection of six North American fish species with the North Carolina strain of spring Viremia of Carp Virus: Aquaculture, v. 450, p. 273-282, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.07.007.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"273","endPage":"282","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065791","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471462,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.07.007","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":307724,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"450","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55e56ca3e4b05561fa208670","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.07.007","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.07.007","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Emmenegger Eveline J., Sanders George E., Conway Carla M., Binkowski Fred P., Winton James R., Kurath Gael","journalName":"Aquaculture","publicationDate":"1/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Emmenegger, Eveline J. 0000-0001-5217-6030 eemmenegger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5217-6030","contributorId":2434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emmenegger","given":"Eveline","email":"eemmenegger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sanders, George E.","contributorId":147207,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sanders","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16803,"text":"University of Washington, School of Medicine, Dept. of Comparative Medicine, T-160 Health Sciences Center, Seattle, WA  98195","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Conway, Carla M. 0000-0002-3851-3616 cmconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3851-3616","contributorId":2946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Carla","email":"cmconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Binkowski, Fred P.","contributorId":147208,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Binkowski","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":16804,"text":"University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, School of Freshwater Sciences, 600 E. Greenfield Ave., Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53204","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Winton, James R. jwinton@usgs.gov","contributorId":147209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James R.","email":"jwinton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":570768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":2629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70173776,"text":"70173776 - 2016 - The global status of freshwater fish age validation studies and a prioritization framework for future research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-22T15:38:47","indexId":"70173776","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5040,"text":"Reviews in Fisheries Science & Aquaculture","onlineIssn":"2330-8257","printIssn":"2330-8249","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The global status of freshwater fish age validation studies and a prioritization framework for future research","docAbstract":"<div id=\"sub\">\n<div id=\"alpha\">\n<div id=\"abstract\" class=\"element\">\n<p>Age information derived from calcified structures is commonly used to estimate recruitment, growth, and mortality for fish populations. Validation of daily or annual marks on age structures is often assumed, presumably due to a lack of general knowledge concerning the status of age validation studies. Therefore, the current status of freshwater fish age validation studies was summarized to show where additional effort is needed, and increase the accessibility of validation studies to researchers. In total, 1351 original peer-reviewed articles were reviewed from freshwater systems that studied age in fish. Periodicity and age validation studies were found for 88 freshwater species comprising 21 fish families. The number of age validation studies has increased over the last 30 years following previous calls for more research; however, few species have validated structures spanning all life stages. In addition, few fishes of conservation concern have validated ageing structures. A prioritization framework, using a combination of eight characteristics, is offered to direct future age validation studies and close the validation information gap. Additional study, using the offered prioritization framework, and increased availability of published studies that incorporate uncertainty when presenting research results dealing with age information are needed.</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","publisherLocation":"Abingdon, United Kingdom","doi":"10.1080/23308249.2015.1068737","usgsCitation":"Pope, K.L., Hamel, M.J., Pegg, M.A., and Spurgeon, J., 2016, The global status of freshwater fish age validation studies and a prioritization framework for future research: Reviews in Fisheries Science & Aquaculture, v. 23, p. 329-345, https://doi.org/10.1080/23308249.2015.1068737.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"329","endPage":"345","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059687","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324263,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576bb6bee4b07657d1a22968","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pope, Kevin L. 0000-0003-1876-1687 kpope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1876-1687","contributorId":1574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Kevin","email":"kpope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hamel, Martin J.","contributorId":171901,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamel","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pegg, Mark A.","contributorId":45212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pegg","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Spurgeon, Jonathan J.","contributorId":146395,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spurgeon","given":"Jonathan J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70156834,"text":"70156834 - 2016 - Chemical considerations for an updated National assessment of brackish groundwater resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-28T11:01:26","indexId":"70156834","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-27T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical considerations for an updated National assessment of brackish groundwater resources","docAbstract":"<p><span>Brackish groundwater (BGW) is increasingly used for water supplies where fresh water is scarce, but the distribution and availability of such resources have not been characterized at the national scale in the United States since the 1960s. Apart from its distribution and accessibility, BGW usability is a function of the chemical requirements of the intended use, chemical characteristics of the resource, and treatment options to make the resource compatible with the use. Here, we discuss relations between these three chemical factors using national-scale examples and local case studies. In a preliminary compilation of BGW data in the United States, five water types accounted for the major-ion composition of 70% of samples. PHREEQC calculations indicate that 57&ndash;77% of samples were oversaturated with respect to barite, calcite, or chalcedony. In the study, 5&ndash;14% of samples had concentrations of arsenic, fluoride, nitrate, or uranium that exceeded drinking-water standards. In case studies of the potential use of BGW for drinking water, irrigation, and hydraulic fracturing, PHREEQC simulations of a hypothetical treatment process resembling reverse osmosis (RO) showed that BGW had the potential to form various assemblages of mineral deposits (scale) during treatment that could adversely affect RO membranes. Speciation calculations showed that most boron in the irrigation example occurred as boric acid, which has relatively low removal efficiency by RO. Results of this preliminary study indicate that effective national or regional assessments of BGW resources should include geochemical characterizations that are guided in part by specific use and treatment requirements.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Ground Water Association","publisherLocation":"Worthington, OH","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12367","usgsCitation":"McMahon, P.B., Bohlke, J.K., Dahm, K., Parkhurst, D.L., Anning, D.W., and Stanton, J.S., 2016, Chemical considerations for an updated National assessment of brackish groundwater resources: Groundwater, v. 54, no. 4, p. 464-475, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12367.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"464","endPage":"475","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065662","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307711,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55e57aace4b05561fa208685","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/gwat.12367","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12367","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"McMahon P.B., Böhlke J.K., Dahm K.G., Parkhurst D.L., Anning D.W., Stanton J.S.","journalName":"Groundwater","publicationDate":"8/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McMahon, Peter B. 0000-0001-7452-2379 pmcmahon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-2379","contributorId":724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"Peter","email":"pmcmahon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bohlke, John Karl 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":127841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"John","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Karl","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":570753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dahm, Katharine 0000-0002-4024-8110","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4024-8110","contributorId":147205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dahm","given":"Katharine","affiliations":[{"id":7183,"text":"U.S. Bureau of Reclamation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Parkhurst, David L. 0000-0003-3348-1544 dlpark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3348-1544","contributorId":1088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parkhurst","given":"David","email":"dlpark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anning, David W. dwanning@usgs.gov","contributorId":432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anning","given":"David","email":"dwanning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stanton, Jennifer S. 0000-0002-2520-753X jstanton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2520-753X","contributorId":830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanton","given":"Jennifer","email":"jstanton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70160398,"text":"70160398 - 2016 - Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and oil and natural gas operations: Potential environmental contamination and recommendations to assess complex environmental mixtures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-08T10:39:09","indexId":"70160398","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1542,"text":"Environmental Health Perspectives","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and oil and natural gas operations: Potential environmental contamination and recommendations to assess complex environmental mixtures","docAbstract":"<p><strong>Background</strong>: Hydraulic fracturing technologies, developed over the last 65 years, have only recently been combined with horizontal drilling to unlock oil and gas reserves previously deemed inaccessible. While these technologies have dramatically increased domestic oil and natural gas production, they have also raised concerns for the potential contamination of local water supplies with the approximately 1,000 chemicals used throughout the process, including many known or suspected endocrine-disrupting chemicals.<br><strong>Objectives</strong>: We discuss the need for an endocrine component to health assessments for drilling-dense regions in the context of hormonal and anti-hormonal activities for chemicals used.<br><strong>Methods</strong>: We discuss the literature on 1) surface and ground water contamination by oil and gas extraction operations, and 2) potential human exposure, particularly in context of the total hormonal and anti-hormonal activities present in surface and ground water from natural and anthropogenic sources, with initial analytical results and critical knowledge gaps discussed.<br><strong>Discussion</strong>: In light of the potential for environmental release of oil and gas chemicals that can disrupt hormone receptor systems, we recommend methods for assessing complex hormonally active environmental mixtures.<br><strong>Conclusions</strong>: We describe a need for an endocrine-centric component for overall health assessments and provide supporting information that using this may help explain reported adverse health trends as well as help develop recommendations for environmental impact assessments and monitoring programs.<br></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare","publisherLocation":"Research Triangle Park, NC","doi":"10.1289/ehp.1409535","usgsCitation":"Kassotis, C., Tillitt, D.E., Lin, C., McElroy, J.A., and Nagel, S., 2016, Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and oil and natural gas operations: Potential environmental contamination and recommendations to assess complex environmental mixtures: Environmental Health Perspectives, v. 124, p. 256-264, https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409535.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"256","endPage":"264","ipdsId":"IP-061600","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471463,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409535","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":312545,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"124","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56753c3ae4b0da412f4f8bcd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kassotis, Christopher D.","contributorId":26967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kassotis","given":"Christopher D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tillitt, Donald E. 0000-0002-8278-3955 dtillitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8278-3955","contributorId":1875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"Donald","email":"dtillitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":582832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lin, Chung-Ho","contributorId":150703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lin","given":"Chung-Ho","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18071,"text":"Department of Forestry, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McElroy, Jane A.","contributorId":150738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McElroy","given":"Jane","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":18084,"text":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nagel, Susan C.","contributorId":56147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagel","given":"Susan C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70155896,"text":"70155896 - 2016 - Effects of wind-energy facilities on grassland bird distributions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-05T11:09:10","indexId":"70155896","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-18T04:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of wind-energy facilities on grassland bird distributions","docAbstract":"<p>The contribution of renewable energy to meet worldwide demand continues to grow. Wind energy is one of the fastest growing renewable sectors, but new wind facilities are often placed in prime wildlife habitat. Long-term studies that incorporate a rigorous statistical design to evaluate the effects of wind facilities on wildlife are rare. We conducted a before-after-control-impact (BACI) assessment to determine if wind facilities placed in native mixed-grass prairies displaced breeding grassland birds. During 2003&ndash;2012, we monitored changes in bird density in 3 study areas in North Dakota and South Dakota (U.S.A.). We examined whether displacement or attraction occurred 1 year after construction (immediate effect) and the average displacement or attraction 2&ndash;5 years after construction (delayed effect). We tested for these effects overall and within distance bands of 100, 200, 300, and &gt;300 m from turbines. We observed displacement for 7 of 9 species. One species was unaffected by wind facilities and one species exhibited attraction. Displacement and attraction generally occurred within 100 m and often extended up to 300 m. In a few instances, displacement extended beyond 300 m. Displacement and attraction occurred 1 year after construction and persisted at least 5 years. Our research provides a framework for applying a BACI design to displacement studies and highlights the erroneous conclusions that can be made without the benefit of adopting such a design. More broadly, species-specific behaviors can be used to inform management decisions about turbine placement and the potential impact to individual species. Additionally, the avoidance distance metrics we estimated can facilitate future development of models evaluating impacts of wind facilities under differing land-use scenarios.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/cobi.12569","usgsCitation":"Shaffer, J.A., and Buhl, D.A., 2016, Effects of wind-energy facilities on grassland bird distributions: Conservation Biology, v. 30, no. 1, p. 59-71, https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12569.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"71","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060722","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438655,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7T43SDG","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Effects of wind-energy facilities on breeding grassland bird distributions - data release"},{"id":306883,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota, South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-104.045443,45.94531],[-104.045333,47.343452],[-104.041662,47.862282],[-104.048054,48.500025],[-104.048736,48.999877],[-97.229039,49.000687],[-97.238387,48.982631],[-97.239209,48.968684],[-97.230859,48.960891],[-97.232319,48.950501],[-97.224505,48.9341],[-97.218666,48.931781],[-97.219095,48.922078],[-97.210809,48.91395],[-97.210541,48.90439],[-97.198857,48.899831],[-97.198857,48.882215],[-97.185738,48.87222],[-97.187362,48.867598],[-97.175618,48.853105],[-97.173811,48.838309],[-97.180366,48.834365],[-97.177747,48.824815],[-97.180028,48.81845],[-97.165624,48.809627],[-97.163535,48.79507],[-97.158102,48.791145],[-97.155223,48.775499],[-97.147478,48.766033],[-97.151289,48.757428],[-97.139488,48.746611],[-97.135588,48.726403],[-97.116185,48.709348],[-97.118286,48.700573],[-97.097337,48.685186],[-97.102652,48.664793],[-97.100551,48.658614],[-97.111179,48.644525],[-97.109515,48.631453],[-97.125269,48.629694],[-97.124033,48.623267],[-97.130089,48.621166],[-97.131448,48.613998],[-97.136145,48.613256],[-97.143931,48.594594],[-97.142915,48.583733],[-97.148429,48.581028],[-97.151638,48.56763],[-97.157402,48.565921],[-97.158762,48.560112],[-97.152211,48.553933],[-97.16309,48.543964],[-97.148874,48.534282],[-97.153076,48.524148],[-97.148133,48.503384],[-97.138864,48.494362],[-97.139276,48.48631],[-97.143869,48.48293],[-97.141397,48.476256],[-97.144116,48.469212],[-97.132622,48.456482],[-97.137689,48.444247],[-97.13497,48.436337],[-97.139296,48.432011],[-97.1356,48.426524],[-97.142457,48.416727],[-97.138343,48.415944],[-97.135012,48.406735],[-97.145592,48.394195],[-97.140106,48.380479],[-97.147356,48.368723],[-97.147748,48.359905],[-97.137822,48.352003],[-97.137904,48.344585],[-97.131722,48.341123],[-97.134772,48.328677],[-97.127766,48.326781],[-97.127601,48.323319],[-97.131921,48.312728],[-97.122296,48.301388],[-97.128862,48.292882],[-97.12216,48.290056],[-97.116717,48.281246],[-97.131921,48.266023],[-97.127146,48.260874],[-97.127967,48.251474],[-97.138033,48.246236],[-97.135617,48.238988],[-97.140815,48.232032],[-97.136304,48.228984],[-97.137407,48.215245],[-97.134372,48.210434],[-97.146233,48.186054],[-97.141474,48.179099],[-97.146745,48.168556],[-97.138911,48.155304],[-97.142133,48.144981],[-97.131956,48.139563],[-97.120592,48.113365],[-97.123205,48.106648],[-97.109535,48.104723],[-97.104872,48.097851],[-97.105616,48.091362],[-97.099431,48.082106],[-97.103052,48.071669],[-97.097772,48.07108],[-97.072257,48.048068],[-97.068711,48.027694],[-97.070654,48.016918],[-97.063012,48.013179],[-97.064289,47.998508],[-97.053089,47.990252],[-97.059153,47.97538],[-97.057153,47.97048],[-97.061554,47.96588],[-97.052454,47.957179],[-97.054554,47.946279],[-97.036054,47.939379],[-97.035754,47.930179],[-97.017754,47.919778],[-97.023754,47.915878],[-97.017254,47.913078],[-97.015054,47.907178],[-97.023555,47.908478],[-97.020255,47.902178],[-97.024955,47.894978],[-97.018955,47.891078],[-97.024955,47.886878],[-97.019355,47.880278],[-97.023156,47.874978],[-97.002456,47.868677],[-97.005857,47.865277],[-96.998144,47.858882],[-96.998295,47.841724],[-96.986685,47.837639],[-96.979327,47.824533],[-96.980579,47.805614],[-96.975131,47.798326],[-96.95786,47.792021],[-96.96535,47.784937],[-96.956501,47.779798],[-96.956635,47.776188],[-96.939179,47.768397],[-96.934209,47.754517],[-96.929051,47.750331],[-96.932809,47.737139],[-96.919131,47.724731],[-96.92348,47.719809],[-96.915242,47.702369],[-96.907604,47.695119],[-96.908928,47.688722],[-96.900264,47.690775],[-96.896724,47.674758],[-96.885573,47.663443],[-96.88697,47.653049],[-96.882882,47.650168],[-96.882857,47.641714],[-96.888166,47.63973],[-96.882393,47.633489],[-96.879496,47.620576],[-96.870871,47.618042],[-96.874078,47.614774],[-96.857112,47.61076],[-96.851964,47.591469],[-96.856373,47.575749],[-96.853689,47.570381],[-96.859153,47.566355],[-96.858002,47.556578],[-96.853755,47.552497],[-96.855092,47.53731],[-96.866363,47.524893],[-96.863245,47.517266],[-96.854204,47.514368],[-96.851367,47.509037],[-96.851844,47.49939],[-96.85853,47.490889],[-96.854996,47.479618],[-96.859555,47.466865],[-96.856811,47.46319],[-96.859581,47.4587],[-96.858721,47.426129],[-96.864261,47.419539],[-96.84511,47.400483],[-96.840621,47.389881],[-96.846925,47.376891],[-96.852676,47.374973],[-96.848907,47.370565],[-96.852226,47.367291],[-96.844298,47.356021],[-96.844012,47.346182],[-96.835845,47.335914],[-96.83852,47.33238],[-96.835845,47.321014],[-96.842531,47.312418],[-96.837045,47.311391],[-96.832884,47.30449],[-96.844088,47.289981],[-96.84022,47.276981],[-96.8432,47.270486],[-96.839761,47.268767],[-96.841672,47.258164],[-96.835368,47.250428],[-96.838233,47.241831],[-96.833362,47.23505],[-96.838806,47.22502],[-96.832789,47.203911],[-96.838806,47.197894],[-96.83126,47.191781],[-96.831451,47.185572],[-96.826676,47.181561],[-96.829446,47.177262],[-96.822091,47.165036],[-96.822707,47.157668],[-96.83126,47.1509],[-96.832407,47.143736],[-96.824476,47.127188],[-96.827726,47.121481],[-96.821189,47.115723],[-96.818175,47.104193],[-96.819479,47.078181],[-96.823715,47.071717],[-96.821327,47.06293],[-96.824097,47.061497],[-96.819321,47.0529],[-96.818843,47.034179],[-96.821422,47.032842],[-96.818557,47.02778],[-96.829499,47.021537],[-96.834603,47.007721],[-96.82318,46.999965],[-96.819558,46.967453],[-96.79931,46.964118],[-96.799358,46.947355],[-96.792863,46.946018],[-96.791621,46.931213],[-96.785126,46.925769],[-96.763257,46.935063],[-96.759528,46.925769],[-96.765657,46.905063],[-96.770458,46.906763],[-96.776558,46.895663],[-96.773558,46.884763],[-96.767358,46.883663],[-96.768458,46.879563],[-96.780358,46.880163],[-96.782881,46.86459],[-96.779347,46.843672],[-96.789377,46.833166],[-96.787275,46.829059],[-96.80016,46.819664],[-96.802013,46.812464],[-96.796488,46.808709],[-96.796992,46.791572],[-96.784983,46.768788],[-96.783646,46.762579],[-96.787466,46.758472],[-96.783646,46.753123],[-96.784601,46.743094],[-96.781216,46.740944],[-96.784279,46.732993],[-96.779252,46.727429],[-96.791204,46.703747],[-96.784205,46.686768],[-96.792958,46.677427],[-96.798823,46.658071],[-96.790663,46.649112],[-96.791096,46.633155],[-96.774954,46.614625],[-96.772446,46.600129],[-96.766596,46.597957],[-96.756949,46.583534],[-96.752746,46.58277],[-96.7516,46.576371],[-96.746442,46.574078],[-96.744436,46.56596],[-96.74883,46.558127],[-96.736147,46.513478],[-96.73627,46.48138],[-96.72156,46.472115],[-96.714861,46.459132],[-96.718551,46.451913],[-96.718074,46.438255],[-96.709095,46.435294],[-96.696583,46.415617],[-96.678507,46.404823],[-96.669132,46.390037],[-96.667189,46.375458],[-96.658436,46.373391],[-96.655206,46.365964],[-96.646532,46.36251],[-96.645959,46.353532],[-96.629211,46.352654],[-96.618147,46.344295],[-96.620454,46.341346],[-96.601048,46.331139],[-96.598399,46.314482],[-96.60136,46.30413],[-96.595509,46.276689],[-96.59887,46.26069],[-96.590369,46.249515],[-96.598119,46.243112],[-96.59755,46.227733],[-96.583582,46.201047],[-96.587694,46.195262],[-96.587599,46.180075],[-96.577952,46.165843],[-96.579453,46.147601],[-96.56926,46.133686],[-96.570023,46.123756],[-96.563043,46.119512],[-96.56692,46.11475],[-96.557952,46.102442],[-96.554507,46.083978],[-96.559271,46.058272],[-96.566295,46.051416],[-96.57794,46.026874],[-96.574264,46.016545],[-96.57035,45.963595],[-96.562135,45.947718],[-96.566562,45.916931],[-96.56442,45.909415],[-96.574667,45.866816],[-96.574517,45.843098],[-96.583085,45.820024],[-96.596704,45.811801],[-96.612512,45.794442],[-96.627778,45.786239],[-96.641941,45.759871],[-96.662595,45.738682],[-96.745086,45.701576],[-96.760866,45.687518],[-96.835769,45.649648],[-96.844211,45.639583],[-96.857751,45.605962],[-96.76528,45.521414],[-96.745487,45.488712],[-96.732739,45.458737],[-96.692541,45.417338],[-96.680454,45.410499],[-96.617726,45.408092],[-96.562142,45.38609],[-96.521787,45.375645],[-96.489065,45.357071],[-96.453067,45.298115],[-96.453049,43.500415],[-96.598928,43.500457],[-96.599182,43.496011],[-96.586274,43.491099],[-96.580997,43.481384],[-96.586364,43.478251],[-96.587929,43.464878],[-96.600039,43.45708],[-96.60286,43.450907],[-96.594254,43.434153],[-96.570224,43.428601],[-96.573579,43.419228],[-96.537116,43.395063],[-96.525453,43.396317],[-96.521572,43.38564],[-96.522203,43.371947],[-96.527223,43.362257],[-96.52551,43.348335],[-96.534913,43.336473],[-96.525564,43.312467],[-96.530392,43.300034],[-96.553087,43.29286],[-96.580346,43.298204],[-96.577588,43.2788],[-96.586317,43.274319],[-96.58522,43.268878],[-96.553217,43.259141],[-96.552963,43.247281],[-96.571194,43.238961],[-96.568505,43.231554],[-96.56044,43.224219],[-96.535741,43.22764],[-96.520961,43.21824],[-96.496454,43.223652],[-96.476697,43.222014],[-96.470626,43.207225],[-96.473834,43.189804],[-96.465146,43.182971],[-96.466537,43.150281],[-96.459978,43.143516],[-96.450361,43.142237],[-96.436589,43.120842],[-96.439335,43.113916],[-96.462855,43.091419],[-96.454088,43.084197],[-96.46085,43.064033],[-96.476905,43.062383],[-96.488839,43.051475],[-96.508916,43.049985],[-96.518431,43.042068],[-96.509145,43.037297],[-96.511804,43.025799],[-96.499187,43.019213],[-96.49167,43.009707],[-96.496699,42.998807],[-96.509986,42.995126],[-96.512237,42.985937],[-96.520773,42.980385],[-96.515922,42.972886],[-96.506148,42.971348],[-96.500308,42.959391],[-96.509472,42.945151],[-96.519994,42.93976],[-96.516888,42.932512],[-96.523513,42.935784],[-96.541098,42.924496],[-96.536564,42.905656],[-96.542473,42.90504],[-96.526563,42.893755],[-96.52774,42.890588],[-96.540116,42.889678],[-96.537851,42.878475],[-96.549659,42.870281],[-96.550469,42.863742],[-96.546556,42.857273],[-96.54379,42.858254],[-96.544321,42.851282],[-96.553772,42.847501],[-96.551285,42.836606],[-96.558584,42.839487],[-96.565605,42.830434],[-96.571353,42.837155],[-96.579772,42.838093],[-96.58238,42.833657],[-96.577813,42.828719],[-96.584488,42.818979],[-96.594983,42.815844],[-96.595664,42.810426],[-96.592155,42.809924],[-96.595283,42.792982],[-96.603784,42.78372],[-96.61949,42.784034],[-96.633168,42.768325],[-96.628741,42.757532],[-96.621235,42.758084],[-96.619494,42.754792],[-96.630485,42.750378],[-96.639704,42.737071],[-96.631931,42.725086],[-96.626317,42.725951],[-96.624446,42.714294],[-96.630617,42.70588],[-96.612061,42.695688],[-96.59908,42.697296],[-96.596405,42.688514],[-96.575299,42.682665],[-96.574064,42.67801],[-96.578148,42.672765],[-96.572261,42.670776],[-96.568078,42.676241],[-96.556244,42.664396],[-96.559962,42.658543],[-96.543698,42.661377],[-96.537877,42.655431],[-96.538468,42.648092],[-96.516338,42.630435],[-96.518542,42.62035],[-96.530896,42.617129],[-96.529894,42.610432],[-96.517048,42.615343],[-96.509468,42.61273],[-96.501434,42.59061],[-96.494777,42.585741],[-96.49545,42.579474],[-96.485937,42.573524],[-96.497186,42.571464],[-96.498041,42.558153],[-96.476952,42.556079],[-96.479009,42.526395],[-96.49297,42.517282],[-96.490089,42.512441],[-96.477454,42.509589],[-96.473339,42.503537],[-96.476909,42.497795],[-96.474409,42.491895],[-96.443408,42.489495],[-96.478792,42.479635],[-96.501321,42.482749],[-96.515891,42.49427],[-96.528753,42.513273],[-96.548791,42.520547],[-96.567896,42.517877],[-96.591121,42.50541],[-96.611489,42.506088],[-96.628179,42.516963],[-96.63533,42.54764],[-96.643589,42.557604],[-96.681369,42.574486],[-96.7093,42.603753],[-96.711312,42.617375],[-96.689083,42.644081],[-96.686982,42.649783],[-96.691269,42.6562],[-96.728024,42.666882],[-96.76406,42.661985],[-96.793238,42.666024],[-96.802178,42.672237],[-96.800485,42.692466],[-96.806219,42.704149],[-96.843419,42.712024],[-96.860436,42.720797],[-96.886845,42.725222],[-96.906797,42.7338],[-96.948902,42.719465],[-96.961576,42.719841],[-96.965833,42.727096],[-96.960866,42.739089],[-96.96888,42.754278],[-96.97912,42.76009],[-97.02485,42.76243],[-97.065592,42.772189],[-97.096128,42.76934],[-97.131331,42.771929],[-97.150763,42.795566],[-97.166978,42.802087],[-97.210126,42.809296],[-97.21783,42.827766],[-97.218825,42.845848],[-97.237868,42.853139],[-97.289859,42.855499],[-97.306677,42.867604],[-97.336156,42.856802],[-97.359569,42.854816],[-97.376695,42.865195],[-97.393966,42.86425],[-97.408315,42.868334],[-97.417066,42.865918],[-97.442279,42.846224],[-97.49149,42.851625],[-97.504847,42.858477],[-97.531867,42.850105],[-97.561928,42.847552],[-97.611811,42.858367],[-97.657846,42.844626],[-97.686506,42.842435],[-97.774456,42.849774],[-97.817075,42.861781],[-97.828496,42.868797],[-97.84527,42.867734],[-97.875345,42.858724],[-97.875849,42.847725],[-97.888562,42.817251],[-97.908983,42.794909],[-97.936716,42.775754],[-97.950147,42.769619],[-97.977588,42.769923],[-98.000348,42.763256],[-98.035034,42.764205],[-98.059838,42.772772],[-98.067388,42.784759],[-98.127489,42.820127],[-98.146933,42.839823],[-98.167523,42.836925],[-98.189765,42.841628],[-98.219826,42.853157],[-98.24982,42.871843],[-98.280007,42.874996],[-98.325864,42.8865],[-98.34623,42.902747],[-98.42074,42.931924],[-98.444145,42.929242],[-98.447047,42.935117],[-98.467356,42.947556],[-98.490483,42.977948],[-98.49855,42.99856],[-101.625424,42.996238],[-101.849982,42.999329],[-104.053127,43.000585],[-104.057698,44.997431],[-104.039681,44.998041],[-104.045443,45.94531]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"North Dakota\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"30","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d44922e4b0518e35469475","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shaffer, Jill A. 0000-0003-3172-0708 jshaffer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3172-0708","contributorId":3184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Jill","email":"jshaffer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buhl, Deborah A. 0000-0002-8563-5990 dbuhl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8563-5990","contributorId":146226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buhl","given":"Deborah","email":"dbuhl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70158933,"text":"70158933 - 2016 - The Upper Mississippi River floodscape: spatial patterns of flood inundation and associated plant community distributions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-21T13:32:03","indexId":"70158933","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":849,"text":"Applied Vegetation Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Upper Mississippi River floodscape: spatial patterns of flood inundation and associated plant community distributions","docAbstract":"<p>Questions How is the distribution of different plant communities associated with patterns of flood inundation across a large floodplain landscape? Location Thirty-eight thousand nine hundred and seventy hectare of floodplain, spanning 320 km of the Upper Mississippi River (UMR). Methods High-resolution elevation data (Lidar) and 30 yr of daily river stage data were integrated to produce a &lsquo;floodscape&rsquo; map of growing season flood inundation duration. The distributions of 16 different remotely sensed plant communities were quantified along the gradient of flood duration. Results Models fitted to the cumulative frequency of occurrence of different vegetation types as a function of flood duration showed that most types exist along a continuum of flood-related occurrence. The diversity of community types was greatest at high elevations (0&ndash;10 d of flooding), where both upland and lowland community types were found, as well as at very low elevations (70&ndash;180 d of flooding), where a variety of lowland herbaceous communities were found. Intermediate elevations (20&ndash;60 d of flooding) tended to be dominated by floodplain forest and had the lowest diversity of community types. Conclusions Although variation in flood inundation is often considered to be the main driver of spatial patterns in floodplain plant communities, few studies have quantified flood&ndash;vegetation relationships at broad scales. Our results can be used to identify targets for restoration of historical hydrological regimes or better anticipate hydro-ecological effects of climate change at broad scales.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Vegetation Science","doi":"10.1111/avsc.12189","usgsCitation":"De Jager, N.R., Rohweder, J.J., Yin, Y., and Hoy, E.E., 2016, The Upper Mississippi River floodscape: spatial patterns of flood inundation and associated plant community distributions: Applied Vegetation Science, v. 19, no. 1, p. 164-172, https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12189.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"164","endPage":"172","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064126","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309735,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/avsc.12189/abstract"},{"id":309799,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River","volume":"19","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5618e535e4b0cdb063e3fef0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"De Jager, Nathan R. 0000-0002-6649-4125 ndejager@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6649-4125","contributorId":3717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Jager","given":"Nathan","email":"ndejager@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":576943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rohweder, Jason J. jrohweder@usgs.gov","contributorId":460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rohweder","given":"Jason","email":"jrohweder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":576944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yin, Yao yyin@usgs.gov","contributorId":2170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yin","given":"Yao","email":"yyin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":576945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hoy, Erin E. 0000-0002-2853-3242 ehoy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2853-3242","contributorId":4523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoy","given":"Erin","email":"ehoy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":576946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70154792,"text":"70154792 - 2016 - The conjunction of factors that lead to formation of giant gold provinces and deposits in non-arc settings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-21T10:48:27","indexId":"70154792","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-13T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1814,"text":"Geoscience Frontiers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The conjunction of factors that lead to formation of giant gold provinces and deposits in non-arc settings","docAbstract":"<p id=\"abspara0010\">It is quite evident that it is not anomalous metal transport, nor unique depositional conditions, nor any single factor at the deposit scale, that dictates whether a mineral deposit becomes a giant or not. A hierarchical approach thus is required to progressively examine controlling parameters at successively decreasing scales in the total mineral system to understand the location of giant gold deposits in non-arc environments. For giant orogenic, intrusion-related gold systems (IRGS) and Carlin-type gold deposits and iron oxide-copper-gold (IOCG) deposits, there are common factors among all of these at the lithospheric to crustal scale. All are sited in giant gold provinces controlled by complex fundamental fault or shear zones that follow craton margins or, in the case of most Phanerozoic orogenic giants, define the primary suture zones between tectonic terranes. Giant provinces of IRGS, IOCG, and Carlin-type deposits require melting of metasomatized lithosphere beneath craton margins with ascent of hybrid lamprophyric to granitic magmas and associated heat flux to generate the giant province. The IRGS and IOCG deposits require direct exsolution of volatile-rich magmatic-hydrothermal fluids, whereas the association of such melts with Carlin-type ores is more indirect and enigmatic. Giant orogenic gold provinces show no direct relationship to such magmatism, forming from metamorphic fluids, but show an indirect relationship to lamprophyres that reflect the mantle connectivity of controlling first-order structures.</p>\n<p id=\"abspara0015\">In contrast to their province scale similarities, the different giant gold deposit styles show contrasting critical controls at the district to deposit scale. For orogenic gold deposits, the giants appear to have formed by conjunction of a greater number of parameters to those that control smaller deposits, with resultant geometrical and lithostratigraphic complexity as a guide to their location. There are few giant IRGS due to their inferior fluid-flux systems relative to orogenic gold deposits, and those few giants are essentially preservational exceptions. Many Carlin-type deposits are giants due to the exceptional conjunction of both structural and lithological parameters that caused reactive and permeable rocks, enriched in syngenetic gold, to be located below an impermeable cap along antiformal &ldquo;trends&rdquo;. Hydrocarbons probably played an important role in concentrating metal. The supergiant Post-Betze deposit has additional ore zones in strain heterogeneities surrounding the pre-gold Goldstrike stock. All unequivocal IOCG deposits are giant or near-giant deposits in terms of gold-equivalent resources, partly due to economic factors for this relatively poorly understood, low Cu-Au grade deposit type. The supergiant Olympic Dam deposit, the most shallowly formed deposit among the larger IOCGs, probably owes its origin to eruption of volatile-rich hybrid magma at surface, with formation of a large maar and intense and widespread brecciation, alteration and Cu-Au-U deposition in a huge rock volume.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gsf.2015.07.001","usgsCitation":"Groves, D.I., Goldfarb, R.J., and Santosh, M., 2016, The conjunction of factors that lead to formation of giant gold provinces and deposits in non-arc settings: Geoscience Frontiers, v. 7, no. 3, p. 303-314, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2015.07.001.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"303","endPage":"314","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065563","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471464,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2015.07.001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306645,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cdb1b1e4b08400b1fe13c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Groves, David I.","contributorId":34194,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Groves","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goldfarb, Richard J. goldfarb@usgs.gov","contributorId":1205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldfarb","given":"Richard","email":"goldfarb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Santosh, M.","contributorId":52873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santosh","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70155835,"text":"70155835 - 2016 - Mid-Wisconsin to Holocene permafrost and landscape dynamics based on a drained lake basin core from the northern Seward Peninsula, northwest Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-03T10:52:25","indexId":"70155835","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-11T15:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3032,"text":"Permafrost and Periglacial Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mid-Wisconsin to Holocene permafrost and landscape dynamics based on a drained lake basin core from the northern Seward Peninsula, northwest Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>Permafrost-related processes drive regional landscape dynamics in the Arctic terrestrial system. A better understanding of past periods indicative of permafrost degradation and aggradation is important for predicting the future response of Arctic landscapes to climate change. Here, we used a multi-proxy approach to analyse a&thinsp;~&thinsp;4&thinsp;m long sediment core from a drained thermokarst lake basin on the northern Seward Peninsula in western Arctic Alaska (USA). Sedimentological, biogeochemical, geochronological, micropalaeontological (ostracoda, testate amoebae) and tephra analyses were used to determine the long-term environmental Early-Wisconsin to Holocene history preserved in our core for central Beringia. Yedoma accumulation dominated throughout the Early to Late-Wisconsin but was interrupted by wetland formation from 44.5 to 41.5&thinsp;ka BP. The latter was terminated by the deposition of 1&thinsp;m of volcanic tephra, most likely originating from the South Killeak Maar eruption at about 42&thinsp;ka BP. Yedoma deposition continued until 22.5&thinsp;ka BP and was followed by a depositional hiatus in the sediment core between 22.5 and 0.23&thinsp;ka BP. We interpret this hiatus as due to intense thermokarst activity in the areas surrounding the site, which served as a sediment source during the Late-Wisconsin to Holocene climate transition. The lake forming the modern basin on the upland initiated around 0.23&thinsp;ka BP and drained catastrophically in spring 2005. The present study emphasises that Arctic lake systems and periglacial landscapes are highly dynamic and that permafrost formation as well as degradation in central Beringia was controlled by regional to global climate patterns as well as by local disturbances.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley & Sons","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1002/ppp.1848","usgsCitation":"Lenz, J., Grosse, G., Jones, B.M., Anthony, K.M., Bobrov, A., Wulf, S., and Wetterich, S., 2016, Mid-Wisconsin to Holocene permafrost and landscape dynamics based on a drained lake basin core from the northern Seward Peninsula, northwest Alaska: Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, v. 27, no. 1, p. 56-75, https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.1848.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"56","endPage":"75","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063477","costCenters":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471465,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.1848","text":"External Repository"},{"id":306584,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Seward Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -165.82763671875,\n              64.85360611714371\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.82763671875,\n              66.67908684186773\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.4658203125,\n              66.67908684186773\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.4658203125,\n              64.85360611714371\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.82763671875,\n              64.85360611714371\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cb0ea3e4b08400b1fdd459","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lenz, Josefine","contributorId":146181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lenz","given":"Josefine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12916,"text":"Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grosse, Guido","contributorId":146182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grosse","given":"Guido","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12916,"text":"Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Benjamin M. 0000-0002-1517-4711 bjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1517-4711","contributorId":2286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Benjamin","email":"bjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anthony, Katey M. Walter","contributorId":82603,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anthony","given":"Katey","email":"","middleInitial":"M. Walter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":566547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bobrov, Anatoly","contributorId":146184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bobrov","given":"Anatoly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16615,"text":"Moscow State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wulf, Sabine","contributorId":146185,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wulf","given":"Sabine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16616,"text":"Helmholtz Center Potsdam","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wetterich, Sebastian","contributorId":146186,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wetterich","given":"Sebastian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12916,"text":"Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70156711,"text":"70156711 - 2016 - Effects of age, colony, and sex on mercury concentrations in California sea lions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T12:15:59","indexId":"70156711","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-11T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of age, colony, and sex on mercury concentrations in California sea lions","docAbstract":"<p><span>We measured total mercury (THg) concentrations in California sea lions (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Zalophus californianus</i><span>) and examined how concentrations varied with age class, colony, and sex. Because Hg exposure is primarily via diet, we used nitrogen (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">&delta;</i><span>&nbsp;</span><span>15</span><span>N) and carbon (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">&delta;</i><span>&nbsp;</span><span>13</span><span>C) stable isotopes to determine if intraspecific differences in THg concentrations could be explained by feeding ecology. Blood and hair were collected from 21 adult females and 57 juveniles from three colonies in central and southern California (San Nicolas, San Miguel, and A&ntilde;o Nuevo Islands). Total Hg concentrations ranged from 0.01 to 0.31&nbsp;&mu;g&nbsp;g</span><span>&minus;1</span><span>&nbsp;wet weight (ww) in blood and 0.74 to 21.00&nbsp;&mu;g&nbsp;g</span><span>&minus;1</span><span>&nbsp;dry weight (dw) in hair. Adult females had greater mean THg concentrations than juveniles in blood (0.15 vs. 0.03&nbsp;&mu;g</span><span>&minus;1</span><span>&nbsp;ww) and hair (10.10 vs. 3.25&nbsp;&mu;g</span><span>&minus;1</span><span>&nbsp;dw). Age class differences in THg concentrations did not appear to be driven by trophic level or habitat type because there were no differences in&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">&delta;</i><span>&nbsp;</span><span>15</span><span>N or&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">&delta;</i><span>&nbsp;</span><span>13</span><span>C values between adults and juveniles. Total Hg concentrations in adult females were 54&nbsp;% (blood) and 24&nbsp;% (hair) greater in females from San Miguel than females from San Nicolas Island, which may have been because sea lions from the two islands foraged in different areas. For juveniles, we detected some differences in THg concentrations with colony and sex, although these were likely due to sampling effects and not ecological differences. Overall, THg concentrations in California sea lions were within the range documented for other marine mammals and were generally below toxicity benchmarks for fish-eating wildlife.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1007/s00244-015-0201-4","usgsCitation":"McHuron, E.A., Peterson, S.H., Ackerman, J., Melin, S.R., Harris, J.D., and Costa, D.P., 2016, Effects of age, colony, and sex on mercury concentrations in California sea lions: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 70, no. 1, p. 46-55, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-015-0201-4.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"46","endPage":"55","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062166","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307841,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55e81db0e4b0dacf699e6668","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McHuron, Elizibeth A","contributorId":147079,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McHuron","given":"Elizibeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":6948,"text":"UC Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, Sarah H.","contributorId":141211,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":570190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Melin, Sharon R.","contributorId":147080,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melin","given":"Sharon","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6578,"text":"National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, WA 98112, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harris, Jeffrey D.","contributorId":147081,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harris","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6578,"text":"National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, WA 98112, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Costa, Daniel P.","contributorId":141212,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Costa","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
]}