{"pageNumber":"1123","pageRowStart":"28050","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46734,"records":[{"id":1014986,"text":"1014986 - 2001 - Fine-scale population structure Atlantic salmon from Maine's Penobscot River drainage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-06T16:22:46.651897","indexId":"1014986","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fine-scale population structure Atlantic salmon from Maine's Penobscot River drainage","docAbstract":"<p><span>We report a survey of microsatellite DNA variation in Atlantic salmon from the unimpounded lower reaches of Maine's Penobscot River. Our analysis indicates that Atlantic salmon in the Penobscot River are distinct from other populations that have little or no history of human-mediated repopulation, including two of its tributaries, Cove Brook and Kenduskeag Stream, another Maine river, the Ducktrap, and Canada's Miramichi and Gander rivers. Significant heterogeneity was detected in allele frequency among all three subpopulations sampled in the Penobscot drainage. The high resolution of the 12-locussuite was quantified using maximum likelihood assignment tests, which correctly identified the source of 90.4–96.1% of individuals from within the Penobscot drainage. Current populations are clearly isolated from each other, however we are unable to determine from the present data whether the populations in Cove Brook and Kenduskeag Stream are recently diverged from populations stocked into the Penobscot River over the last century, or are aboriginal in origin. The degree of population structure identified in the Penobscot drainage is noteworthy in light of its lengthy history of systematic restocking, the geographic proximity of the subpopulations, and the extent of the differentiation. Similar population structure on this extremely limited geographic scale could exist among Atlantic salmon runs elsewhere in Maine and throughout the species' range and should be taken into account for future management decisions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1011580217381","usgsCitation":"Spidle, A., Schill, W.B., Lubinski, B., and King, T., 2001, Fine-scale population structure Atlantic salmon from Maine's Penobscot River drainage: Conservation Genetics, v. 2, p. 11-24, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011580217381.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"24","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130046,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Penobscot River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -68.70162963867188,\n              44.84053409248573\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.70780944824219,\n              44.83469122248688\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.70437622070312,\n              44.8261693083789\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.72737884521484,\n              44.82543879996824\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.77613067626953,\n              44.800596005888636\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.7967300415039,\n              44.77574251036602\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.83586883544922,\n              44.75185358161535\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.84685516357422,\n              44.72136867346628\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.85269165039062,\n              44.69330836376087\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.8290023803711,\n              44.67890692528533\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.86711120605469,\n              44.61735539205568\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.86505126953125,\n              44.60806814444478\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.87157440185547,\n              44.59291207836107\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.86402130126953,\n              44.57677385713505\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.8688278198242,\n              44.560386534915104\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.85509490966797,\n              44.55084551996378\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.8461685180664,\n              44.55696173517488\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.85818481445312,\n              44.58948919368969\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.84651184082031,\n              44.59657923109367\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.83861541748047,\n              44.595601346325545\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.81492614746094,\n              44.56527875628482\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.81355285644531,\n              44.53738758382919\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.8125228881836,\n              44.50483098934639\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.82694244384766,\n              44.498709297508945\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.84239196777344,\n              44.485729184996416\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.83277893066406,\n              44.47299117260252\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.83586883544922,\n              44.46368086644984\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.85784149169922,\n              44.44971262273855\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.81595611572266,\n              44.41097616370684\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.7802505493164,\n              44.44775190008974\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.78093719482422,\n              44.46686613830727\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.77132415771484,\n              44.49234205613122\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.75209808349608,\n              44.50899337263551\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.73527526855469,\n              44.55549390214814\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.74076843261719,\n              44.57383915375391\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.75999450683592,\n              44.56870306646167\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.8015365600586,\n              44.581664700316146\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.81458282470702,\n              44.61515591500136\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.83209228515625,\n              44.625908121970454\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.81526947021484,\n              44.66059484350969\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.80290985107422,\n              44.66694368704209\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.80908966064453,\n              44.69452866008004\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.8290023803711,\n              44.69599298172069\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.8238525390625,\n              44.70380207177485\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.83140563964844,\n              44.71161010858431\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.82282257080078,\n              44.7201489428554\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.82076263427734,\n              44.74136858658327\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.78334045410155,\n              44.76428680790121\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.77372741699219,\n              44.77428020677966\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.7630844116211,\n              44.793530904744074\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.72325897216797,\n              44.815941348210835\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.70059967041016,\n              44.81618489215814\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.68961334228514,\n              44.823977755374855\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.69750976562499,\n              44.83980376613671\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.70162963867188,\n              44.84053409248573\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fbe4b07f02db5f46d5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spidle, A.P.","contributorId":93429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spidle","given":"A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schill, W. B.","contributorId":60146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schill","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lubinski, B.A.","contributorId":58598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lubinski","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"King, T.L.","contributorId":93416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":321754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70046630,"text":"70046630 - 2001 - Humboldt River main stem, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-17T15:03:04","indexId":"70046630","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Humboldt River main stem, Nevada","docAbstract":"This data set contains the main stem of the Humboldt River as defined by Humboldt Project personnel of the U.S. Geological Survey Nevada District, 2001.  The data set was digitized on screen using digital orthophoto quadrangles from 1994.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70046630","usgsCitation":"Warmath, E., and Medina, R.L., 2001, Humboldt River main stem, Nevada (Version 1.0), Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/70046630.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":273854,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273853,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/hydmain_hum.xml"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Humboldt River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.48910048,40.04854653 ], [ -118.48910048,41.0676875 ], [ -115.24805961,41.0676875 ], [ -115.24805961,40.04854653 ], [ -118.48910048,40.04854653 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51c02febe4b0ee1529ed3cea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warmath, Eric","contributorId":34808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warmath","given":"Eric","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Medina, Rose L. 0000-0002-3463-7224 rlmedina@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3463-7224","contributorId":4378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medina","given":"Rose","email":"rlmedina@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":479902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70023984,"text":"70023984 - 2001 - Evaluation of persistent hydrophobic organic compounds in the Columbia River Basin using semipermeable-membrane devices","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:02","indexId":"70023984","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of persistent hydrophobic organic compounds in the Columbia River Basin using semipermeable-membrane devices","docAbstract":"Persistent hydrophobic organic compounds are of concern in the Columbia River because they have been correlated with adverse effects on wildlife. We analysed samples from nine main-stem and six tributary sites throughout the Columbia River Basin (Washington and Oregon) for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides, and priority-pollutant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Because these compounds may have important biological consequences at aqueous concentrations well below the detection limits associated with conventional sampling methods, we used semipermeable-membrane devices to sample water and achieved parts-per-quintillion detection limits. All of these compound classes were prevalent within the basin, but concentrations of many analytes were highest in the vicinity of Portland-Vancouver, indicating that the Willamette subbasin-and perhaps the urban area in particular-is an important source of these compounds. Data collected during basin low-flow conditions in 1997 and again during basin high-flow conditions in 1998 indicate that in-stream processes such as dilution by relatively clean inflow, and flow through island hyporheic zones may be important mechanisms for attenuating dissolved concentrations of hydrophobic compounds.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/hyp.213","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"McCarthy, K.A., and Gale, R., 2001, Evaluation of persistent hydrophobic organic compounds in the Columbia River Basin using semipermeable-membrane devices: Hydrological Processes, v. 15, no. 7, p. 1271-1283, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.213.","startPage":"1271","endPage":"1283","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207199,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.213"},{"id":231938,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0caae4b0c8380cd52c47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCarthy, K. A.","contributorId":107309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarthy","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gale, R.W.","contributorId":81653,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gale","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70022978,"text":"70022978 - 2001 - Lessons learned from long-term ecosystem research and monitoring in alpine and subalpine basins of the Colorado Rocky Mountains, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T19:47:45","indexId":"70022978","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1485,"text":"Ekologia (Bratislava)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lessons learned from long-term ecosystem research and monitoring in alpine and subalpine basins of the Colorado Rocky Mountains, USA","docAbstract":"Long-term ecosystem research and monitoring was begun in the Loch Vale watershed of Rocky Mountain National Park in 1983, after extensive survey work to identify the best location. Then, as now, our scientific objectives were to understand natural biogeochemical cycles and variability, so that we could differentiate ecosystem changes from human-caused disturbances, such as atmospheric deposition of pollutants and climate change. We have learned many lessons, often through our mistakes, that are worth passing on. Clear scientific objectives, even for long-term monitoring, are essential. Standardized methods, including rigorous quality assurance procedures should be adhered to from the beginning of the program. All data, even those collected routinely for background records, should be scrutinized and summarized at least once a year. Freely share basic information such as weather, hydrologic, chemical, and descriptive records with other researchers who can build upon your efforts. Use many tools when asking complex ecological questions, in order to minimize bias toward specific results. Publish frequently; long-term studies do not imply there are no interim conclusions or interesting findings. Interpret findings frequently to policy makers and citizens; increased understanding of the environment and human-caused changes may improve natural resource management, and build support for ecological research. And finally, be persistent. Long-term ecological research can be frustrating and difficult to maintain, yet is often the best way to observe and understand ecological change on a meaningful time scale.","language":"English","publisher":"Institute of Landscape Ecology of Slovak Academy of Sciences","issn":"1335342X","usgsCitation":"Baron, J., 2001, Lessons learned from long-term ecosystem research and monitoring in alpine and subalpine basins of the Colorado Rocky Mountains, USA: Ekologia (Bratislava), v. 20, no. Supplement 2, p. 25-30.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"30","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":233397,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountains","volume":"20","issue":"Supplement 2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a465ce4b0c8380cd6761d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":395673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70023992,"text":"70023992 - 2001 - Simulation of stream discharge and transport of nitrate and selected herbicides in the Mississippi River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:02","indexId":"70023992","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulation of stream discharge and transport of nitrate and selected herbicides in the Mississippi River Basin","docAbstract":"Stream discharge and the transport of nitrate, atrazine, and metolachlor in the Mississippi River Basin were simulated using the DAFLOW/BLTM hydrologic model. The simulated domain for stream discharge included river reaches downstream from the following stations in the National Stream Quality Accounting Network: Mississippi River at Clinton, IA; Missouri River at Hermann, MO: Ohio River at Grand Chain, IL: And Arkansas River at Little Rock, AR. Coefficients of hydraulic geometry were calibrated using data from water year 1996; the model was validated by favourable simulation of observed discharges in water years 1992-1994. The transport of nitrate, atrazine, and metolachlor was simulated downstream from the Mississippi River at Thebes, IL, and the Ohio River at Grand Chain. Simulated concentrations compared favourably with observed concentrations at Baton Rouge, LA. Development of this model is a preliminary step in gaining a more quantitative understanding of the sources and fate of nutrients and pesticides delivered from the Mississippi River Basin to the Gulf of Mexico.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/hyp.208","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Broshears, R.E., Clark, G.M., and Jobson, H., 2001, Simulation of stream discharge and transport of nitrate and selected herbicides in the Mississippi River Basin: Hydrological Processes, v. 15, no. 7, p. 1157-1167, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.208.","startPage":"1157","endPage":"1167","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232057,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207257,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.208"}],"volume":"15","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b908ae4b08c986b319577","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Broshears, R. E.","contributorId":75552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Broshears","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, G. M.","contributorId":90325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jobson, H.E.","contributorId":44952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jobson","given":"H.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70023994,"text":"70023994 - 2001 - Crocoite: An unusual mode of occurrence for lead in coal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-05T10:26:07","indexId":"70023994","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crocoite: An unusual mode of occurrence for lead in coal","docAbstract":"What is believed to be a very unusual mode of occurrence for lead in coal has been identified as crocoite (PbCrO4). As part of a larger study on trace elements and mineralogy in the Cretaceous Main Seam in New Zealand, crocoite was found in raw coal samples within the lower part of the coal seam. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and bulk chemical data from a SEM equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray analyser (EDXA) have confirmed the identity of this mineral. This is apparently the first time that crocoite has been reported in coal. Crocoite usually occurs only in the oxidised zone of lead mineral deposits. The occurrence of this mineral in the Main Seam coal implies that the deposit was exposed to an oxidising environment at some stage, most likely after coalification. Published by Elsevier Science B.V.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0166-5162(00)00024-0","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Li, Z., Moore, T., Weaver, S., and Finkelman, R.B., 2001, Crocoite: An unusual mode of occurrence for lead in coal: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 45, no. 4, p. 289-293, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-5162(00)00024-0.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"289","endPage":"293","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232094,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"45","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fcb6e4b0c8380cd4e3cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Li, Z.","contributorId":29160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, T.A.","contributorId":91101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weaver, S.D.","contributorId":20914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Finkelman, R. B.","contributorId":20341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finkelman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70024009,"text":"70024009 - 2001 - Chemical and isotopic evidence of nitrogen transformation in the Mississippi River, 1997-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-03T10:10:10","indexId":"70024009","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical and isotopic evidence of nitrogen transformation in the Mississippi River, 1997-98","docAbstract":"<p>Nitrate (NO3) and other nutrients discharged by the Mississippi River are suspected of causing a zone of depleted dissolved oxygen (hypoxic zone) in the Gulf of Mexico each summer. The hypoxic zone may have an adverse affect on aquatic life and commercial fisheries. The amount of NO3 delivered by the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico is well documented, but the relative contributions of different sources of NO3, and the magnitude of subsequent in-stream transformations of NO3, are not well understood. Forty-two water samples collected in 1997 and 1998 at eight stations located either on the Mississippi River or its major tributaries were analysed for NO3, total nitrogen (N), atrazine, chloride concentrations and NO3 stable isotopes (δ15N and δ18O). These data are used to assess the magnitude and nature of in-stream N transformation and to determine if the δ15N and δ18O of NO3 provide information about NO3 sources and transformation processes in a large river system (drainage area 2 900 000 km2) that would otherwise be unavailable using concentration and discharge data alone. Results from 42 samples indicate that the δ15N and δ18O ratios between sites on the Mississippi River and its tributaries are somewhat distinctive, and vary with season and discharge rate. Of particular interest are two nearly Lagrangian sample sets, in which samples from the Mississippi River at St Francisville, LA, are compared with samples collected from the Ohio River at Grand Chain, II, and the Mississippi River at Thebes, IL. In both Lagrangian sets, mass-balance calculations indicate only a small amount of in-stream N loss. The stable isotope data from the samples suggest that in-stream N assimilation and not denitrification accounts for most of the N loss in the lower Mississippi River during the spring and early summer months.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.214","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Battaglin, W.A., Kendall, C., Chang, C.C., Silva, S.R., and Campbell, K., 2001, Chemical and isotopic evidence of nitrogen transformation in the Mississippi River, 1997-98: Hydrological Processes, v. 15, no. 7, p. 1285-1300, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.214.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1285","endPage":"1300","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":207092,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.214"},{"id":231711,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River","volume":"15","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f546e4b0c8380cd4c14a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Battaglin, William A. 0000-0001-7287-7096 wbattagl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7287-7096","contributorId":1527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglin","given":"William","email":"wbattagl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":399673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":399675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chang, Cecily C.Y.","contributorId":68032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chang","given":"Cecily","email":"","middleInitial":"C.Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Silva, Steven R. srsilva@usgs.gov","contributorId":3162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silva","given":"Steven","email":"srsilva@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":399674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Campbell, K.","contributorId":63351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campbell","given":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":47665,"text":"St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":399676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70024013,"text":"70024013 - 2001 - Identification of changes in streamflow characteristics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-21T15:40:44.807325","indexId":"70024013","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identification of changes in streamflow characteristics","docAbstract":"A set of procedures for identifying changes in selected streamflow characteristics at sites having long-term continuous streamflow records is illustrated by using streamflow data from the Waccamaw River at Freeland, North Carolina for the 55-year period of 1940-1994. Data were evaluated and compared to streamflows in the adjacent Lumber River Basin to determine if changes in streamflow characteristics in the Waccamaw River were localized and possibly the result of some human activity, or consistent with regional variations. Following 1963, droughts in the Waccamaw Basin seem to have been less severe than in the Lumber Basin, and the annual one-, seven-, and 30-day low flows exhibited a slightly increasing trend in the Waccamaw River. Mean daily flows in the Waccamaw River at the 90 percent exceedance level (low flows) during 1985-194, a relatively dry period, were very nearly equal to flows at the same exceedance level for 1970-1979, which represents the 10-year period between 1940 and 1994 with the highest flows. Prior to the 1980s, flows per unit drainage area in the Waccamaw Basin were generally less than those in the Lumber Basin, but after 1980, the opposite was true. The ratio of base flow to runoff in the Waccamaw River may have changed relative to that in the Lumber River in the late 1970s. There was greater variability in Waccamaw River streamflow than in Lumber River flow, and flow variability in the Waccamaw River may have increased slightly during 1985-1994.","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.2001.tb05477.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Bales, J., and Pope, B., 2001, Identification of changes in streamflow characteristics: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 37, no. 1, p. 91-104, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2001.tb05477.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"104","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231755,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","city":"Freeland","otherGeospatial":"Waccamaw Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -79.69165992009356,\n              34.808969741186075\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.53809546696854,\n              33.85184248893566\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.21399878728094,\n              33.911127469070394\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.06019019353116,\n              33.874649279028404\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.99976538884395,\n              33.83815549110287\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.9063815997814,\n              33.824466300962385\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.92835425603096,\n              35.33049041734566\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.10914038884374,\n              35.35289475038631\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.09266089665638,\n              35.09711744399873\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.92237281071856,\n              35.03417171763137\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.88941382634385,\n              34.90362983704361\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.9333591388437,\n              34.817989680444725\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.69165992009356,\n              34.808969741186075\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"37","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3824e4b0c8380cd61469","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bales, J. D.","contributorId":21569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bales","given":"J. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pope, B.F.","contributorId":10062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":50468,"text":"ofr01497 - 2001 - Databases and simplified geology for mineralized areas, claims, mines and prospects in Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-22T19:52:00.521586","indexId":"ofr01497","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-497","title":"Databases and simplified geology for mineralized areas, claims, mines and prospects in Wyoming","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr01497","usgsCitation":"Wilson, A.B., Klein, T.L., and Heran, W.D., 2001, Databases and simplified geology for mineralized areas, claims, mines and prospects in Wyoming (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-497, Report: 17 p.; Readme; Data Files; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01497.","productDescription":"Report: 17 p.; Readme; Data Files; Metadata","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":175814,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":414569,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46481.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":4278,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0497/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.00566941962046,\n              45.03496541924736\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.00566941962046,\n              41.03921315744799\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.07994244042345,\n              41.03921315744799\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.07994244042345,\n              45.03496541924736\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.00566941962046,\n              45.03496541924736\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db672a0c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Anna B. 0000-0002-9737-2614 awilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9737-2614","contributorId":1619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Anna","email":"awilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klein, Terry L. tklein@usgs.gov","contributorId":1244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klein","given":"Terry","email":"tklein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":241524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heran, William D. wheran@usgs.gov","contributorId":2246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heran","given":"William","email":"wheran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":241526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":2002057,"text":"2002057 - 2001 - Estimates of shorebird populations in North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-15T15:13:18.387122","indexId":"2002057","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2919,"text":"Occasional Paper of the Canadian Wildlife Service","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"seriesNumber":"104","title":"Estimates of shorebird populations in North America","docAbstract":"<p>Estimates are presented for the population sizes of 53 species of Nearctic shorebirds occurring regularly in North America, plus four species that breed occasionally. Population estimates range from a few tens to several millions. Overall, population estimates most commonly fall in the range of hundreds of thousands, particularly the low hundreds of thousands; estimated population sizes for large shorebird species currently all fall below 500 000. Population size is inversely related to size (mass) of the species, with a statistically significant negative regression between log(population size) and log(mass). Two outlying groups are evident on the regression graph: one, with populations lower than predicted, includes species considered to be either “at risk” or particularly hard to count, and a second, with populations higher than predicted, includes two species that are hunted. Shorebird population sizes were derived from data obtained by a variety of methods from breeding, migration, and wintering areas, and formal assessments of accuracy of counts or estimates are rarely available. Accurate estimates exist only for a few species that have been the subject of detailed investigation, and the likely accuracy of most estimates is considered poor or low. Population estimates are an integral part of conservation plans being developed for shorebirds in the United States and Canada and may be used to identify areas of key international and regional importance.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Ottawa, ON","issn":"0576-6370","isbn":"0-662-29614-1","usgsCitation":"Morrison, R.I., Gill, R., Harrington, B.A., Skagen, S., Page, G.W., Gratto-Trevor, C.L., and Haig, S.M., 2001, Estimates of shorebird populations in North America: Occasional Paper of the Canadian Wildlife Service, 64 p.","productDescription":"64 p.","numberOfPages":"67","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199210,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":335404,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://publications.gc.ca/site/eng/9.566593/publication.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":419825,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://publications.gc.ca/collections/Collection/CW69-1-104E.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e499ee4b07f02db5bc8a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morrison, R. I. G.","contributorId":66640,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morrison","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"I. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gill, Robert E. Jr. 0000-0002-6385-4500 rgill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-4500","contributorId":171747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"Robert E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"rgill@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":325961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harrington, B. A.","contributorId":10758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrington","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Skagen, S. K. 0000-0002-6744-1244","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6744-1244","contributorId":31348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skagen","given":"S. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Page, G. W.","contributorId":45246,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Page","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gratto-Trevor, C. L.","contributorId":104447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gratto-Trevor","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Haig, S. M. 0000-0002-6616-7589","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":55389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70022986,"text":"70022986 - 2001 - Predictions of hydrothermal alteration within near-ridge oceanic crust from coordinated geochemical and fluid flow models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T15:38:21","indexId":"70022986","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predictions of hydrothermal alteration within near-ridge oceanic crust from coordinated geochemical and fluid flow models","docAbstract":"Coordinated geochemical and hydrological calculations guide our understanding of the composition, fluid flow patterns, and thermal structure of near-ridge oceanic crust. The case study presented here illustrates geochemical and thermal changes taking place as oceanic crust ages from 0.2 to 1.0 Myr. Using a finite element code, we model fluid flow and heat transport through the upper few hundred meters of an abyssal hill created at an intermediate spreading rate. We use a reaction path model with a customized database to calculate equilibrium fluid compositions and mineral assemblages of basalt and seawater at 500 bars and temperatures ranging from 150 to 400??C. In one scenario, reaction path calculations suggest that volume increases on the order of 10% may occur within portions of the basaltic basement. If this change in volume occurred, it would be sufficient to fill all primary porosity in some locations, effectively sealing off portions of the oceanic crust. Thermal profiles resulting from fluid flow simulations indicate that volume changes along this possible reaction path occur primarily within the first 0.4 Myr of crustal aging. ?? 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0377-0273(01)00215-3","issn":"03770273","usgsCitation":"Wetzel, L., Raffensperger, J.P., and Shock, E., 2001, Predictions of hydrothermal alteration within near-ridge oceanic crust from coordinated geochemical and fluid flow models: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 110, no. 3-4, p. 319-342, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0273(01)00215-3.","startPage":"319","endPage":"342","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":233545,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208103,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0273(01)00215-3"}],"volume":"110","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a81fae4b0c8380cd7b830","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wetzel, L.R.","contributorId":9525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wetzel","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Raffensperger, Jeff P. 0000-0001-9275-6646 jpraffen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9275-6646","contributorId":199119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raffensperger","given":"Jeff","email":"jpraffen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":395703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shock, E.L.","contributorId":54071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shock","given":"E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":395702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70023580,"text":"70023580 - 2001 - Occurrence of cyanazine compounds in groundwater: Degradates more prevalent than the parent compound","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-30T06:36:38","indexId":"70023580","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occurrence of cyanazine compounds in groundwater: Degradates more prevalent than the parent compound","docAbstract":"<p>A recently developed analytical method using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to investigate the occurrence of cyanazine and its degradates cyanazine acid (CAC), cyanazine amide (CAM), deethylcyanazine (DEC), and deethylcyanazine acid (DCAC) in groundwater. This research represents some of the earliest data on the occurrence of cyanazine degradates in groundwater. Although cyanazine was infrequently detected in the 64 wells across Iowa sampled in 1999, cyanazine degradates were commonly found during this study. The most frequently detected cyanazine compound was DCAC (32.8%) followed by CAC (29.7%), CAM (17.2%), DEC (3.1%), and cyanazine (3.1%). The frequency of detection for cyanazine or one or more of its degradates (CYTOT) was more than 12-fold over that of cyanazine alone (39.1% for CYTOT versus 3.1% for cyanazine). Of the total measured concentration of cyanazine, only 0.2% was derived from its parent compound - with DCAC (74.1%) and CAC (18.4%) comprising 92.5% of this total. Thus, although DCAC and CAC had similar frequencies of detection, DCAC was generally present in higher concentrations. No concentrations of cyanazine compounds for this study exceeded water-quality criteria for the protection of human health. Only cyanazine, however, has such a criteria established. Nevertheless, because these cyanazine degradates are still chlorinated, they may have similar toxicity as their parent compound - similar to what has been found with the chlorinated degradates of atrazine. Thus, the results of this study documented that data on the degradates for cyanazine are critical for understanding its fate and transport in the hydrologic system. Furthermore, the prevalence of the chlorinated degradates of cyanazine found in groundwater suggests that to accurately determine the overall effect on human health and the environment from cyanazine its degradates should also be considered. In addition, because CYTOT was found in 57.6% of the samples collected from alluvial aquifers, about 2-5 times more frequently than the other major aquifer types (glacial drift, bedrock/karst, bedrock/nonkarst) under investigation, this finding has long-term implications for the occurrence of CYTOT in streams. It is anticipated that low-level concentrations of CYTOT will continue to be detected in streams for years after the use of cyanazine has terminated (scheduled for the year 2000 in the United States), primarily through its movement from groundwater into streams during base-flow conditions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es001520x","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Kolpin, D., Thurman, E., and Linhart, S.M., 2001, Occurrence of cyanazine compounds in groundwater: Degradates more prevalent than the parent compound: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 35, no. 6, p. 1217-1222, https://doi.org/10.1021/es001520x.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1217","endPage":"1222","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232496,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-91.217706,43.50055],[-91.216035,43.481142],[-91.233367,43.455168],[-91.200359,43.412701],[-91.198953,43.389835],[-91.21477,43.365874],[-91.20662,43.352524],[-91.132813,43.32803],[-91.107237,43.313645],[-91.07371,43.274746],[-91.071698,43.261014],[-91.058644,43.257679],[-91.066398,43.239293],[-91.12217,43.197255],[-91.1462,43.152405],[-91.1562,43.142945],[-91.175253,43.134665],[-91.179457,43.067427],[-91.156562,42.978226],[-91.14543,42.958211],[-91.14988,42.941955],[-91.1438,42.922877],[-91.146177,42.90985],[-91.100565,42.883078],[-91.097656,42.859871],[-91.091837,42.851225],[-91.09406,42.830813],[-91.078665,42.827678],[-91.069549,42.769628],[-91.060261,42.761847],[-91.065783,42.753387],[-91.056297,42.747341],[-91.051275,42.737001],[-91.035418,42.73734],[-91.026786,42.724228],[-91.000128,42.716189],[-90.977735,42.696816],[-90.949213,42.685573],[-90.923634,42.6855],[-90.88743,42.67247],[-90.731132,42.643437],[-90.706303,42.634169],[-90.692031,42.610366],[-90.686975,42.591774],[-90.661527,42.567999],[-90.654127,42.5499],[-90.643927,42.540401],[-90.636927,42.513202],[-90.655927,42.491703],[-90.654027,42.478503],[-90.624328,42.458904],[-90.567968,42.440389],[-90.560439,42.432897],[-90.555018,42.416138],[-90.477279,42.383794],[-90.462619,42.367253],[-90.443874,42.355218],[-90.416535,42.325109],[-90.430884,42.27823],[-90.419326,42.254467],[-90.400653,42.239293],[-90.391108,42.225473],[-90.356964,42.205445],[-90.328273,42.201047],[-90.282173,42.178846],[-90.234919,42.165431],[-90.209479,42.15268],[-90.197342,42.128163],[-90.167533,42.122475],[-90.161159,42.106372],[-90.168358,42.075779],[-90.164485,42.042105],[-90.151579,42.030633],[-90.140061,42.003252],[-90.146225,41.981329],[-90.164135,41.956178],[-90.163847,41.944934],[-90.152659,41.933058],[-90.153584,41.906614],[-90.181401,41.844647],[-90.181973,41.80707],[-90.278633,41.767358],[-90.310708,41.742214],[-90.317668,41.72269],[-90.313435,41.698082],[-90.334525,41.679559],[-90.343452,41.646959],[-90.339528,41.598633],[-90.343228,41.587833],[-90.41283,41.565333],[-90.461432,41.523533],[-90.500633,41.518033],[-90.540935,41.526133],[-90.591037,41.512832],[-90.602137,41.506032],[-90.605937,41.494232],[-90.655839,41.462132],[-90.750142,41.449632],[-90.846558,41.455141],[-90.930016,41.421404],[-90.979815,41.434321],[-91.027787,41.423603],[-91.043988,41.415897],[-91.05101,41.387556],[-91.06652,41.365246],[-91.074841,41.305578],[-91.092034,41.286911],[-91.114186,41.250029],[-91.113648,41.241401],[-91.07298,41.207151],[-91.041536,41.166138],[-91.027214,41.163373],[-91.007586,41.166183],[-90.99496,41.160624],[-90.946627,41.096632],[-90.949383,41.072711],[-90.942253,41.034702],[-90.945949,41.006495],[-90.958142,40.979767],[-90.952233,40.954047],[-90.965344,40.921633],[-91.009536,40.900565],[-91.021562,40.884021],[-91.044653,40.868356],[-91.05643,40.848387],[-91.092993,40.821079],[-91.097649,40.805575],[-91.091703,40.779708],[-91.110424,40.745528],[-91.115735,40.725168],[-91.11194,40.697018],[-91.123928,40.669152],[-91.185428,40.638071],[-91.253074,40.637962],[-91.306524,40.626231],[-91.339719,40.613488],[-91.359873,40.601805],[-91.379752,40.57445],[-91.401482,40.559458],[-91.406373,40.551831],[-91.404125,40.539127],[-91.384531,40.530948],[-91.369059,40.512532],[-91.364211,40.500043],[-91.364915,40.484168],[-91.381769,40.442555],[-91.372554,40.4012],[-91.381958,40.387632],[-91.419422,40.378264],[-91.441243,40.386255],[-91.452458,40.375501],[-91.463895,40.375659],[-91.465116,40.385257],[-91.484507,40.3839],[-91.490977,40.393484],[-91.487829,40.403866],[-91.498093,40.401926],[-91.522333,40.409648],[-91.527057,40.416689],[-91.519012,40.431298],[-91.529132,40.434272],[-91.533548,40.440804],[-91.523271,40.450061],[-91.526155,40.458625],[-91.552691,40.458769],[-91.574746,40.465664],[-91.590817,40.492292],[-91.621353,40.510072],[-91.618028,40.53403],[-91.6219,40.542292],[-91.6887,40.55739],[-91.691557,40.564867],[-91.686357,40.580875],[-91.716769,40.59853],[-91.729115,40.61364],[-92.686693,40.589809],[-94.294813,40.571341],[-94.632032,40.571186],[-95.765645,40.585208],[-95.753148,40.59284],[-95.748626,40.603355],[-95.768926,40.621264],[-95.776251,40.647463],[-95.795489,40.662384],[-95.822913,40.66724],[-95.842801,40.677496],[-95.852615,40.702262],[-95.883178,40.717579],[-95.888907,40.731855],[-95.879027,40.753081],[-95.84662,40.768619],[-95.835232,40.779151],[-95.834523,40.787778],[-95.845342,40.811324],[-95.837186,40.835347],[-95.847084,40.854174],[-95.847785,40.864328],[-95.838735,40.872191],[-95.815933,40.879846],[-95.809474,40.891228],[-95.813458,40.901693],[-95.836438,40.921642],[-95.839743,40.93278],[-95.829074,40.975688],[-95.838908,40.986484],[-95.867286,41.001599],[-95.869486,41.009399],[-95.859918,41.025403],[-95.859654,41.035695],[-95.882415,41.060411],[-95.862587,41.088399],[-95.865888,41.117898],[-95.882088,41.143998],[-95.883489,41.154898],[-95.871912,41.168122],[-95.846188,41.166698],[-95.841288,41.174998],[-95.856788,41.187098],[-95.90969,41.184398],[-95.91829,41.186698],[-95.92599,41.195698],[-95.924891,41.211198],[-95.910891,41.231798],[-95.921891,41.264598],[-95.913991,41.271398],[-95.928691,41.281398],[-95.927491,41.298397],[-95.90589,41.300897],[-95.90429,41.293497],[-95.912491,41.279498],[-95.90249,41.273398],[-95.87689,41.285097],[-95.871489,41.295797],[-95.883089,41.316697],[-95.92569,41.322197],[-95.946891,41.334096],[-95.956691,41.345496],[-95.954891,41.351796],[-95.93549,41.360596],[-95.92879,41.370096],[-95.93689,41.396387],[-95.929721,41.411331],[-95.933169,41.42943],[-95.919865,41.447922],[-95.922529,41.455766],[-95.936801,41.46519],[-95.962329,41.46281],[-96.011757,41.476212],[-96.019542,41.486617],[-95.997903,41.504789],[-95.992599,41.514174],[-95.999529,41.538679],[-96.005079,41.544004],[-96.019686,41.545743],[-96.027289,41.541081],[-96.034305,41.512853],[-96.040701,41.507076],[-96.05369,41.508859],[-96.07307,41.525052],[-96.08822,41.530595],[-96.09409,41.539265],[-96.093613,41.558271],[-96.081152,41.577289],[-96.085771,41.585746],[-96.109387,41.596871],[-96.117558,41.609999],[-96.116233,41.621574],[-96.100701,41.635507],[-96.095046,41.647365],[-96.099837,41.66103],[-96.120983,41.677861],[-96.121401,41.688522],[-96.111968,41.697773],[-96.082429,41.698159],[-96.073063,41.705004],[-96.079682,41.717962],[-96.10261,41.728016],[-96.106425,41.73789],[-96.102772,41.746339],[-96.079915,41.757895],[-96.077543,41.777824],[-96.064537,41.793002],[-96.075548,41.807811],[-96.107592,41.820685],[-96.110246,41.84885],[-96.142045,41.868865],[-96.148826,41.888132],[-96.161756,41.90182],[-96.160767,41.908044],[-96.136743,41.920826],[-96.144583,41.941544],[-96.133318,41.955732],[-96.1289,41.969727],[-96.141228,41.978063],[-96.156538,41.980137],[-96.184243,41.976696],[-96.192141,41.984461],[-96.183568,41.999987],[-96.194556,42.008662],[-96.215225,42.006701],[-96.223896,41.995456],[-96.236487,41.996428],[-96.241932,42.006965],[-96.223611,42.022652],[-96.223822,42.033346],[-96.238392,42.041088],[-96.261132,42.038974],[-96.271427,42.044988],[-96.279342,42.07028],[-96.267636,42.096177],[-96.2689,42.11359],[-96.279203,42.12348],[-96.310085,42.132523],[-96.319528,42.146647],[-96.342395,42.160491],[-96.349688,42.172043],[-96.348066,42.194747],[-96.35987,42.210545],[-96.358141,42.214088],[-96.336323,42.218922],[-96.323723,42.229887],[-96.330004,42.240224],[-96.328905,42.254734],[-96.336003,42.264806],[-96.365792,42.285875],[-96.369212,42.308344],[-96.375307,42.318339],[-96.407998,42.337408],[-96.417786,42.351449],[-96.417093,42.361443],[-96.408436,42.376092],[-96.41498,42.393442],[-96.413609,42.407894],[-96.387608,42.432494],[-96.380707,42.446394],[-96.385407,42.473094],[-96.396107,42.484095],[-96.409408,42.487595],[-96.474409,42.491895],[-96.476909,42.497795],[-96.473339,42.503537],[-96.477454,42.509589],[-96.490089,42.512441],[-96.49297,42.517282],[-96.479909,42.524195],[-96.476952,42.556079],[-96.498041,42.558153],[-96.498709,42.57087],[-96.489328,42.5708],[-96.485796,42.575001],[-96.49545,42.579474],[-96.494777,42.585741],[-96.499885,42.588539],[-96.509468,42.61273],[-96.517048,42.615343],[-96.525671,42.609312],[-96.531604,42.615148],[-96.518542,42.62035],[-96.516338,42.630435],[-96.537881,42.646446],[-96.542366,42.660736],[-96.559281,42.657903],[-96.556461,42.663939],[-96.566684,42.675942],[-96.576381,42.671302],[-96.575299,42.682665],[-96.596405,42.688514],[-96.59908,42.697296],[-96.61017,42.694568],[-96.629625,42.705102],[-96.624446,42.714294],[-96.624704,42.725497],[-96.631931,42.725086],[-96.638621,42.734921],[-96.630485,42.750378],[-96.620548,42.753534],[-96.620272,42.757124],[-96.632212,42.761512],[-96.633168,42.768325],[-96.61949,42.784034],[-96.604559,42.783034],[-96.595283,42.792982],[-96.590757,42.808255],[-96.596008,42.815044],[-96.585699,42.818041],[-96.577937,42.827645],[-96.581604,42.837521],[-96.571353,42.837155],[-96.565605,42.830434],[-96.560572,42.839373],[-96.552092,42.836057],[-96.549513,42.839143],[-96.554709,42.846142],[-96.545502,42.849956],[-96.54146,42.857682],[-96.550439,42.863171],[-96.549659,42.870281],[-96.537851,42.878475],[-96.540396,42.888877],[-96.526563,42.893755],[-96.542847,42.903737],[-96.537354,42.908791],[-96.541689,42.922576],[-96.525536,42.935511],[-96.516203,42.933769],[-96.52012,42.938183],[-96.500308,42.959391],[-96.505028,42.970844],[-96.515922,42.972886],[-96.520773,42.980385],[-96.512237,42.985937],[-96.509986,42.995126],[-96.49782,42.998143],[-96.49167,43.009707],[-96.499187,43.019213],[-96.510995,43.024701],[-96.509146,43.03668],[-96.518431,43.042068],[-96.510256,43.049917],[-96.490365,43.050789],[-96.476905,43.062383],[-96.463094,43.062981],[-96.458201,43.067554],[-96.454188,43.083379],[-96.462636,43.089614],[-96.460516,43.09494],[-96.436589,43.120842],[-96.450361,43.142237],[-96.458854,43.143356],[-96.466537,43.150281],[-96.464896,43.182034],[-96.473834,43.189804],[-96.470781,43.205099],[-96.475571,43.221054],[-96.496454,43.223652],[-96.519273,43.21769],[-96.535741,43.22764],[-96.56044,43.224219],[-96.568505,43.231554],[-96.571194,43.238961],[-96.552963,43.247281],[-96.552591,43.257769],[-96.582904,43.26769],[-96.586317,43.274319],[-96.577588,43.2788],[-96.580346,43.298204],[-96.553087,43.29286],[-96.530392,43.300034],[-96.526004,43.309999],[-96.534913,43.336473],[-96.524289,43.347214],[-96.527345,43.368109],[-96.521323,43.374607],[-96.521572,43.38564],[-96.524044,43.394762],[-96.529152,43.397735],[-96.537116,43.395063],[-96.573579,43.419228],[-96.569628,43.427527],[-96.575181,43.431756],[-96.592905,43.43317],[-96.602608,43.449649],[-96.600039,43.45708],[-96.584603,43.46961],[-96.586364,43.478251],[-96.580997,43.481384],[-96.590452,43.494298],[-96.598396,43.495074],[-96.598929,43.500441],[-91.217706,43.50055]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Iowa\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"35","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-02-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6be3e4b0c8380cd7493b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kolpin, D.W.","contributorId":87565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Linhart, S. M.","contributorId":102517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linhart","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1016151,"text":"1016151 - 2001 - Using resampling to assess reliability of audio-visual survey strategies for marbled murrelets at inland forest sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:47","indexId":"1016151","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using resampling to assess reliability of audio-visual survey strategies for marbled murrelets at inland forest sites","docAbstract":"Marbled Murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) are threatened seabirds that nest in coastal old-growth coniferous forests throughout much of their breeding range. Currently, observer-based audio-visual surveys are conducted at inland forest sites during the breeding season primarily to determine nesting distribution and breeding status and are being used to estimate temporal or spatial trends in murrelet detections. Our goal was to assess the feasibility of using audio-visual survey data for such monitoring. We used an intensive field-based survey effort to record daily murrelet detections at seven survey stations in the Oregon Coast Range. We then used computer-aided resampling techniques to assess the effectiveness of twelve survey strategies with varying scheduling and a sampling intensity of 4-14 surveys per breeding season to estimate known means and SDs of murrelet detections. Most survey strategies we tested failed to provide estimates of detection means and SDs that were within A?20% of actual means and SDs. Estimates of daily detections were, however, frequently estimated to within A?50% of field data with sampling efforts of 14 days/breeding season. Additional resampling analyses with statistically generated detection data indicated that the temporal variability in detection data had a great effect on the reliability of the mean and SD estimates calculated from the twelve survey strategies, while the value of the mean had little effect. Effectiveness at estimating multi-year trends in detection data was similarly poor, indicating that audio-visual surveys might be reliably used to estimate annual declines in murrelet detections of the order of 50% per year.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Jodice, P.G., Garman, S., and Collopy, M.W., 2001, Using resampling to assess reliability of audio-visual survey strategies for marbled murrelets at inland forest sites: Waterbirds, v. 24, no. 3, p. 331-334.","productDescription":"p. 331-334","startPage":"331","endPage":"334","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134030,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602e62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jodice, Patrick G.R. 0000-0001-8716-120X pjodice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8716-120X","contributorId":1119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jodice","given":"Patrick","email":"pjodice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":323632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garman, S.L.","contributorId":17203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garman","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collopy, Michael W.","contributorId":77890,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collopy","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70023704,"text":"70023704 - 2001 - Coastal change analysis program implemented in Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-08T18:27:20","indexId":"70023704","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coastal change analysis program implemented in Louisiana","docAbstract":"Landsat Thematic Mapper images from 1990 to 1996 and collateral data sources were used to classify the land cover of the Mermentau River Basin (MRB) within the Chenier Plain of coastal Louisiana. Landcover classes followed the definition of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Coastal Change Analysis Program; however, classification methods had to be developed as part of this study for attainment of these national classification standards. Classification method developments were especially important when classes were spectrally inseparable, when classes were part of spatial and spectral continuums, when the spatial resolution of the sensor included more than one landcover type, and when human activities caused abnormal transitions in the landscape. Most classification problems were overcome by using one or a combination of techniques, such as separating the MRB into subregions of commonality, applying masks to specific land mixtures, and highlighting class transitions between years that were highly unlikely. Overall, 1990, 1993, and 1996 classification accuracy percentages (associated kappa statistics) were 80% (0.79), 78% (0.76), and 86% (0.84), respectively. Most classification errors were associated with confusion between managed (cultivated land) and unmanaged grassland classes; scrub shrub, grasslands and forest classes; water, unconsolidated shore and bare land classes; and especially in 1993, between water and floating vegetation classes. Combining cultivated land and grassland classes and water and floating vegetation classes into single classes accuracies for 1990, 1993, and 1996 increased to 82%, 83%, and 90%, respectively. To improve the interpretation of landcover change, three indicators of landcover class stability were formulated. Location stability was defined as the percentage of a landcover class that remained as the same class in the same location at the beginning and the end of the monitoring period. Residence stability was defined as the percent change in each class within the entire MRB during the monitoring period. Turnover was defined as the addition of other landcover classes to the target landcover class during the defined monitoring period. These indicators allowed quick assessment of the dynamic nature of landcover classes, both in reference to a spatial location and to retaining their presence throughout the MRB. Examining the landcover changes between 1990 to 1993 and 1993 to 1996, led us to five principal findings: (1) Landcover turnover is maintaining a near stable logging cycle, although the locations of grassland, scrub shrub, and forest areas involved in the cycle appeared to change. (2) Planting of seedlings is critical to maintaining cycle stability. (3) Logging activities tend to replace woody land mixed forests with woody land evergreen forests. (4) Wetland estuarine marshes are expanding slightly. (5) Wetland palustrine marshes and mature forested wetlands in the MRB are relatively stable.","language":"English","publisher":"Coastal Education and Research Foundation","issn":"07490208","usgsCitation":"Ramsey, E., Nelson, G., and Sapkota, S., 2001, Coastal change analysis program implemented in Louisiana: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 17, no. 1, p. 53-71.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"71","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232543,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":368137,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4300149"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Mermentau River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.328857421875,\n              29.513720234908057\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.01599121093749,\n              29.513720234908057\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.01599121093749,\n              31.067050772707812\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.328857421875,\n              31.067050772707812\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.328857421875,\n              29.513720234908057\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f77ce4b0c8380cd4cb3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ramsey, Elijah W. III 0000-0002-4518-5796","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4518-5796","contributorId":72769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ramsey","given":"Elijah W.","suffix":"III","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":398502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, G.A.","contributorId":17687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sapkota, S.K.","contributorId":24434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sapkota","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70170474,"text":"70170474 - 2001 - Early life history attributes and run composition of PIT-tagged wild subyearling Chinook salmon recaptured after migrating downstream past Lower Granite Dam","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-21T15:06:05","indexId":"70170474","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early life history attributes and run composition of PIT-tagged wild subyearling Chinook salmon recaptured after migrating downstream past Lower Granite Dam","docAbstract":"<p><span>Seaward migration timing of Snake River fall chinook salmon (</span><i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i><span>) smolts is indexed using subyearling chinook salmon passage data collected at Lower Granite Dam. However, not all of the subyearlings are fall chinook salmon. For six years, we recaptured wild subyearling chinook salmon smolts, which had been previously PIT tagged in the Snake River, to genetically determine if the fish were offspring of spring and summer (hereafter, spring/summer), or fall chinook salmon. Springfall chinook salmon comprised over 10% of the samples of recaptured smolts in five of six years. For these five years, we used discriminant analysis to determine run membership of PIT-tagged smolts that were not recaptured (i.e., not sampled for genetic identification). Accuracy of the discriminant analysis models, based on genetically identified smolts, varied between 75 and 85%. After using discriminant analysis to classify run membership for each PIT-tagged smolt that was not genetically identified, we compared early life history attributes between fall and spring/summer chinook salmon and calculated annual run composition. The life history attributes we studied overlapped, but spring/summer chinook salmon reared along the shoreline of the free-flowing Snake River earlier, were larger, and began seaward migration earlier than fall chinook salmon. Spring/summer chinook salmon made up from 15.1 to 44.4% of the tagged subyearling smolts that were detected passing Lower Granite Dam. As a result, the presence of spring/summer chinook salmon makes migration timing for the fall chinook salmon seem earlier and more protracted than is the case. If wild subyearling spring/summer chinook salmon smolts are not considered, fall chinook salmon abundance at Lower Granite Dam will be overestimated.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","usgsCitation":"Connor, W., Bjornn, T., Burge, H., Marshall, A., Blankenship, H., Steinhorst, R., and Tiffan, K., 2001, Early life history attributes and run composition of PIT-tagged wild subyearling Chinook salmon recaptured after migrating downstream past Lower Granite Dam: Northwest Science, v. 75, no. 3, p. 254-261.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"254","endPage":"261","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320378,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Snake River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.80639648437499,\n              46.6701718034738\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.7679443359375,\n              46.62492015414768\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.69927978515624,\n              46.66640227857272\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.55096435546875,\n              46.645665192584936\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.46856689453126,\n              46.64755071082884\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.366943359375,\n              46.543749602738565\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.24609374999999,\n              46.3886223381617\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.05108642578125,\n              46.39998810407942\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.04284667968749,\n              46.45110475854117\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.25433349609375,\n              46.581518465658014\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.40539550781249,\n              46.685247274319565\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.52349853515625,\n              46.72856582519053\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.75146484375,\n              46.73233101286786\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.78991699218749,\n              46.68713141244413\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.80639648437499,\n              46.6701718034738\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"75","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5719f9b4e4b071321fe22bc0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Connor, W.P.","contributorId":98090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connor","given":"W.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bjornn, T.C.","contributorId":9033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bjornn","given":"T.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burge, H.L.","contributorId":57104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burge","given":"H.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marshall, A.R.","contributorId":152487,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marshall","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blankenship, H.L.","contributorId":7029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blankenship","given":"H.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Steinhorst, R.K.","contributorId":89833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinhorst","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tiffan, K.F.","contributorId":19327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tiffan","given":"K.F.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":627366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70023651,"text":"70023651 - 2001 - The importance of survey timing in monitoring breeding seabird numbers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:12","indexId":"70023651","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The importance of survey timing in monitoring breeding seabird numbers","docAbstract":"We conducted weekly aerial surveys of islands along the central Maine coast from April-June of 1993-1997 and used aerial photographs to determine peak nest count dates for Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus), Herring Gulls (Larus argentatus) and Great Black-Backed Gulls (Larus marinus). These data also were used to determine the potential effect of survey timing on the ability to detect long-term trends in the abundance of these species. The number of cormorant nests in the study area peaked in mid-June, while Great Black-backed and Herring gulls peaked in late May and early June, respectively. Peak nesting dates generally were consistent for each island across years, but varied by up to a month between islands during a given year. A 10-year monitoring program using annual surveys conducted between 23 May and 23 June, or biennial surveys conducted from 2-17 June, would have an 80% probability of detecting annual changes of ??5% for all three species in this region. Received 1 November 2000, accepted 4 December 2000.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"07386028","usgsCitation":"Johnson, C., and Krohn, W., 2001, The importance of survey timing in monitoring breeding seabird numbers: Waterbirds, v. 24, no. 1, p. 22-33.","startPage":"22","endPage":"33","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232379,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bad00e4b08c986b3238ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, C.M.","contributorId":78707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krohn, W.B.","contributorId":64355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krohn","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70023612,"text":"70023612 - 2001 - High-resolution aeromagnetic data, a new tool for mapping intrabasinal faults: Example from the Albuquerque basin, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-14T17:41:23.646119","indexId":"70023612","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-resolution aeromagnetic data, a new tool for mapping intrabasinal faults: Example from the Albuquerque basin, New Mexico","docAbstract":"High-resolution aeromagnetic surveys flown over the Albuquerque basin, New Mexico, demonstrate that aeromagnetic methods can successfully map concealed and poorly exposed faults in sediment-filled basins. This is the first known use of aeromagnetic data as an aid to surficial mapping and hydrogeologic studies in a basin. Aeromagnetic maps show detailed fault patterns within the basin fill that revise the structural view of the basin. Concealed faults are more numerous and more closely spaced than expected. The Hubbell Springs fault is the central splay of three generally north-striking fault splays that can be traced for nearly 50 km. The splays converge on the north and may represent the southern extension of the Tijeras fault, contradicting the proposed southwest extension of the Tijeras fault across the basin. In profile view, the linear aeromagnetic anomalies associated with faults show a variety of signatures. One signature has potential for mapping fault-controlled sedimentation in the subsurface because it identifies increases in magnetic, likely coarse-grained, material in the hanging walls of faults.","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0367:HRADAN>2.0.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Grauch, V.J., 2001, High-resolution aeromagnetic data, a new tool for mapping intrabasinal faults: Example from the Albuquerque basin, New Mexico: Geology, v. 29, no. 4, p. 367-370, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0367:HRADAN>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"367","endPage":"370","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232376,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Albuquerque Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.91070556640625,\n              34.24813554589752\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.77337646484375,\n              34.20271636159618\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.61407470703125,\n              34.28218385709024\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.5289306640625,\n              34.379712580462204\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.38885498046875,\n              34.73935551813357\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.3861083984375,\n              35.05248370662468\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.23779296875,\n              35.16258214808429\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.985107421875,\n              35.30840140169162\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.809326171875,\n              35.59031875398378\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.90545654296875,\n              35.737595151747826\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.82855224609375,\n              35.980228800645676\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.699462890625,\n              36.01356058518153\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.6390380859375,\n              36.12012758978146\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.83404541015625,\n              36.217687122250574\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.04827880859375,\n              36.363798554158635\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.2762451171875,\n              36.27527883184338\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.28997802734375,\n              36.17779108329074\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.25976562499999,\n              36.055760619006755\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.3037109375,\n              35.9357645138553\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.380615234375,\n              35.862343734896484\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.34765625,\n              35.74428307651204\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.49322509765624,\n              35.7286770448517\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.66900634765625,\n              35.67514743608467\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.85302734374999,\n              35.572448615622804\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.02056884765625,\n              35.39352808136067\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.09747314453125,\n              35.47185482057798\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.26226806640625,\n              35.40248356426937\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.259521484375,\n              35.270289376094404\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.42706298828125,\n              35.238889532322595\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.50396728515625,\n              35.08395557927643\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.58636474609375,\n              34.94673942495388\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.5506591796875,\n              34.70775131553933\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.54791259765625,\n              34.474863669009004\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.29248046875,\n              34.43409789359469\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.11944580078125,\n              34.36611072883117\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.91070556640625,\n              34.24813554589752\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a30fbe4b0c8380cd5db25","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grauch, V. J. S. 0000-0002-0761-3489","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-3489","contributorId":34125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70188996,"text":"70188996 - 2001 - Using GIS to analyze animal movements in the marine environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T16:58:11","indexId":"70188996","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Using GIS to analyze animal movements in the marine environment","docAbstract":"<p>Advanced methods for analyzing animal movements have been little used in the aquatic research environment compared to the terrestrial. In addition, despite obvious advantages of integrating geographic information systems (GIS) with spatial studies of animal movement behavior, movement analysis tools have not been integrated into GIS for either aquatic or terrestrial environments. We therefore developed software that integrates one of the most commonly used GIS programs (ArcView®) with a large collection of animal movement analysis tools. This application, the Animal Movement Analyst Extension (AMAE), can be loaded as an extension to ArcView® under multiple operating system platforms (PC, Unix, and Mac OS). It contains more than 50 functions, including parametric and nonparametric home range analyses, random walk models, habitat analyses, point and circular statistics, tests of complete spatial randomness, tests for autocorrelation and sample size, point and line manipulation tools, and animation tools. This paper describes the use of these functions in analyzing animal location data; some limited examples are drawn from a sonic-tracking study of Pacific halibut (<i>Hippoglossus stenolepis</i>) in Glacier Bay, Alaska. The extension is available on the Internet at www.absc.usgs.gov/glba/gistools/index.htm.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Spatial processes and management of marine populations","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"17th Lowell Wakefield Symposium: Spatial Processes and Management of Marine Populations","conferenceDate":"October 27-30, 1999","conferenceLocation":"Anchorage, AK","language":"English","publisher":"University of Alaska Sea Grant College Program","doi":"10.4027/spmmp.2001","isbn":"1-56612-068-3","usgsCitation":"Hooge, P.N., Eichenlaub, W.M., and Solomon, E.K., 2001, Using GIS to analyze animal movements in the marine environment, <i>in</i> Spatial processes and management of marine populations, Anchorage, AK, October 27-30, 1999, p. 37-51, https://doi.org/10.4027/spmmp.2001.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"51","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478850,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/38513","text":"External Repository"},{"id":343089,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publicComments":"University of Alaska Sea Grant College Program Report No. AK-SG-01-02","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5965d953e4b0d1f9f05bb95e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Kruse, Gordon H.","contributorId":187450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kruse","given":"Gordon","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702326,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bez, Nicolas","contributorId":33041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bez","given":"Nicolas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702327,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Booth, Anthony","contributorId":224,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Booth","given":"Anthony","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702328,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dorn, Martin W.","contributorId":3517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dorn","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702336,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hills, Susan","contributorId":103995,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hills","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702337,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lipcius, Romuald N.","contributorId":101451,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lipcius","given":"Romuald","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702338,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pelletier, Dominique","contributorId":131089,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pelletier","given":"Dominique","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702339,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Roy, Claude","contributorId":85923,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roy","given":"Claude","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702340,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Smith, Stephen J.","contributorId":38926,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702341,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Witherell, David B.","contributorId":98169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Witherell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":702342,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":10}],"authors":[{"text":"Hooge, Philip N.","contributorId":52029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooge","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":702323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eichenlaub, William M.","contributorId":138819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eichenlaub","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":20307,"text":"US National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":702324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Solomon, Elizabeth K.","contributorId":138505,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Solomon","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":702325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70023983,"text":"70023983 - 2001 - The behaviour of 39 pesticides in surface waters as a function of scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-05T11:03:32","indexId":"70023983","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The behaviour of 39 pesticides in surface waters as a function of scale","docAbstract":"A portion of applied pesticides runs off agricultural fields and is transported through surface waters. In this study, the behaviour of 39 pesticides is examined as a function of scale across 14 orders of magnitude from the field to the ocean. Data on pesticide loads in streams from two US Geological Survey programs were combined with literature data from field and watershed studies. The annual load as percent of use (LAPU) was quantified for each of the fields and watersheds and was used as the normalization factor across watersheds and compounds. The in-stream losses of each pesticide were estimated for a model stream with a 15 day travel time (similar in characteristics to the upper Mississippi River). These estimated in-stream losses agreed well with the observed changes in apparent LAPU values as a function of watershed area. In general, herbicides applied to the soil surface had the greatest LAPU values and minimal in-stream losses. Soil-incorporated herbicides had smaller LAPU values and substantial in-stream losses. Insecticides generally had LAPU values similar to the incorporated herbicides, but had more variation in their in-stream losses. On the basis of the LAPU values of the 39 pesticides as a function of watershed area, a generalized conceptual model of the movement of pesticides from the field to the ocean is suggested. The importance of considering both field runoff and in-stream losses is discussed in relation to interpreting monitoring data and making regulatory decisions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Processes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1002/hyp.212","issn":"08856087","usgsCitation":"Capel, P., Larson, S., and Winterstein, T.A., 2001, The behaviour of 39 pesticides in surface waters as a function of scale: Hydrological Processes, v. 15, no. 7, p. 1251-1269, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.212.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1251","endPage":"1269","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231902,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207182,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.212"}],"volume":"15","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba9e4e4b08c986b3225ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Capel, P. D. 0000-0003-1620-5185","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1620-5185","contributorId":95498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capel","given":"P. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Larson, S.J.","contributorId":17641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Winterstein, T. A.","contributorId":25156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winterstein","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70184368,"text":"70184368 - 2001 - Comparison of methods used to estimate numbers of walruses on sea ice","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-08T10:26:05","indexId":"70184368","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2671,"text":"Marine Mammal Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of methods used to estimate numbers of walruses on sea ice","docAbstract":"<p><span>The US and former USSR conducted joint surveys of Pacific walruses on sea ice and at land haul-outs in 1975, 1980, 1985, and 1990. One of the difficulties in interpreting results of these surveys has been that, except for the 1990 survey, the Americans and Soviets used different methods for estimating population size from their respective portions of the sea ice data. We used data exchanged between Soviet and American scientists to compare and evaluate the two estimation procedures and to derive a set of alternative estimates from the 1975, 1980, and 1985 surveys based on a single consistent procedure. Estimation method had only a small effect on total population estimates because most walruses were found at land haul-outs. However, the Soviet method is subject to bias that depends on the distribution of the population on the sea ice and this has important implications for interpreting the ice portions of previously reported surveys for walruses and other pinniped species. We recommend that the American method be used in future surveys. Future research on survey methods for walruses should focus on other potential sources of bias and variation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1748-7692.2001.tb01007.x","usgsCitation":"Udevitz, M.S., Gilbert, J.R., and Fedoseev, G.A., 2001, Comparison of methods used to estimate numbers of walruses on sea ice: Marine Mammal Science, v. 17, no. 3, p. 601-616, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2001.tb01007.x.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"601","endPage":"616","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337026,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia, United States","otherGeospatial":"Chukchi Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -190.634765625,\n              65.62202261510642\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.423828125,\n              65.62202261510642\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.423828125,\n              73.07384351277217\n            ],\n            [\n              -190.634765625,\n              73.07384351277217\n            ],\n            [\n              -190.634765625,\n              65.62202261510642\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-08-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c12642e4b014cc3a3d34ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Udevitz, Mark S. 0000-0003-4659-138X mudevitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4659-138X","contributorId":3189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Udevitz","given":"Mark","email":"mudevitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilbert, James R.","contributorId":181916,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gilbert","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fedoseev, Gennadii A.","contributorId":187659,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fedoseev","given":"Gennadii","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70156212,"text":"70156212 - 2001 - Monthly fractional green vegetation cover associated with land cover classes of the conterminous USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-13T16:03:23","indexId":"70156212","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monthly fractional green vegetation cover associated with land cover classes of the conterminous USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>The land cover classes developed under the coordination of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme Data and Information System (IGBP-DIS) have been analyzed for a study area that includes the Conterminous United States and portions of Mexico and Canada. The 1-km resolution data have been analyzed to produce a gridded data set that includes within each 20-km grid cell: 1) the three most dominant land cover classes, 2) the fractional area associated with each of the three dominant classes, and 3) the fractional area covered by water. Additionally, the monthly fraction of green vegetation cover (fgreen) associated with each of the three dominant land cover classes per grid cell was derived from a 5-year climatology of 1-km resolution NOAA-AVHRR data. The variables derived in this study provide a potential improvement over the use of monthly fgreen linked to a single land cover class per model grid cell.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/2000GL011874","usgsCitation":"Gallo, K.P., Tarpley, D., Mitchell, K., Csiszar, I., Owen, T., and Reed, B.C., 2001, Monthly fractional green vegetation cover associated with land cover classes of the conterminous USA: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 28, no. 10, p. 2089-2092, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000GL011874.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"2089","endPage":"2092","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478847,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2000gl011874","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306715,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.5078125,\n              25.3241665257384\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.98046875,\n              27.21555620902969\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.650390625,\n              30.826780904779774\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.85937499999999,\n              32.02670629333614\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.662109375,\n              33.65120829920497\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.37695312499999,\n              35.10193405724606\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.322265625,\n              36.31512514748051\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.673828125,\n              37.43997405227057\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.619140625,\n              38.95940879245423\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.47656249999999,\n              40.44694705960048\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.455078125,\n              41.178653972331695\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.345703125,\n              41.64007838467894\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.3125,\n              42.22851735620852\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.224609375,\n              43.45291889355465\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.73046875,\n              43.96119063892024\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.796875,\n              44.59046718130883\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.32421875,\n              45.521743896993634\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.67578124999999,\n              46.73986059969267\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.37890625,\n              47.69497434186282\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.2578125,\n              47.754097979680026\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.224609375,\n              46.98025235521883\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.630859375,\n              45.213003555993964\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.234375,\n              45.089035564831036\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.22265625,\n              44.08758502824518\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.541015625,\n              43.26120612479979\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.453125,\n              42.61779143282346\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.14453125,\n              41.77131167976407\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.44140625,\n              42.42345651793833\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.79296874999999,\n              44.02442151965934\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.671875,\n              45.706179285330855\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.25390625,\n              45.89000815866184\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.8359375,\n              44.08758502824518\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.8359375,\n              42.16340342422401\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.62695312499999,\n              42.22851735620852\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.62695312499999,\n              43.77109381775651\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.62695312499999,\n              45.9511496866914\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.47265625,\n              46.55886030311719\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.87890625,\n              46.98025235521883\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.845703125,\n              46.86019101567027\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.263671875,\n              47.931066347509784\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.3515625,\n              48.45835188280866\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.10937499999999,\n              48.516604348867475\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.04296874999999,\n              48.864714761802794\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.09765625,\n              49.49667452747045\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.625,\n              49.095452162534826\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.134765625,\n              49.095452162534826\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.87109375,\n              48.28319289548349\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.15625000000001,\n              48.40003249610685\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.45312499999999,\n              47.040182144806664\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.1015625,\n              44.902577996288876\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.71679687499999,\n              42.94033923363183\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.71679687499999,\n              41.04621681452063\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.01367187499999,\n              39.16414104768742\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.201171875,\n              35.24561909420681\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.673828125,\n              34.08906131584996\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.44335937499999,\n              34.161818161230386\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.50976562499999,\n              32.694865977875075\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.873046875,\n              32.54681317351514\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.4453125,\n              31.27855085894653\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.9296875,\n              31.42866311735861\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.9296875,\n              31.80289258670676\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.61132812499999,\n              31.653381399664\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.1171875,\n              30.44867367928756\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.4140625,\n              29.075375179558346\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.83203125,\n              28.69058765425071\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.3046875,\n              29.458731185355344\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.42578124999999,\n              29.53522956294847\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.546875,\n              28.14950321154457\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.580078125,\n              26.509904531413927\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.470703125,\n              25.878994400196202\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.294921875,\n              27.059125784374068\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.328125,\n              28.613459424004414\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.482421875,\n              29.38217507514529\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.197265625,\n              29.152161283318915\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.703125,\n              29.152161283318915\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.296875,\n              28.767659105691255\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.12109375,\n              29.76437737516313\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.9453125,\n              30.221101852485987\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.62695312499999,\n              30.221101852485987\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.869140625,\n              30.221101852485987\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.078125,\n              29.458731185355344\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.19921875,\n              29.916852233070173\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.14453125,\n              29.075375179558346\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.96875,\n              27.68352808378776\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.265625,\n              26.509904531413927\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.5625,\n              25.16517336866393\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.5078125,\n              25.3241665257384\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cdbfb9e4b08400b1fe141b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gallo, Kevin P. kgallo@usgs.gov","contributorId":4200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gallo","given":"Kevin","email":"kgallo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tarpley, Dan","contributorId":146520,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tarpley","given":"Dan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mitchell, Ken","contributorId":8211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Csiszar, Ivan","contributorId":146521,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Csiszar","given":"Ivan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Owen, Tobias","contributorId":103788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Owen","given":"Tobias","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":568088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Reed, Bradley C. 0000-0002-1132-7178 reed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1132-7178","contributorId":2901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Bradley","email":"reed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":568089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70023329,"text":"70023329 - 2001 - Spatial extent of a hydrothermal system at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, determined from array analyses of shallow long-period seismicity 1. Method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-17T19:59:08.941587","indexId":"70023329","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial extent of a hydrothermal system at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, determined from array analyses of shallow long-period seismicity 1. Method","docAbstract":"<p><span>We present a probabilistic method to locate the source of seismic events using seismic antennas. The method is based on a comparison of the event azimuths and slownesses derived from frequency-slowness analyses of array data, with a slowness vector model. Several slowness vector models are considered including both homogeneous and horizontally layered half-spaces and also a more complex medium representing the actual topography and three-dimensional velocity structure of the region under study. In this latter model the slowness vector is obtained from frequency-slowness analyses of synthetic signals. These signals are generated using the finite difference method and include the effects of topography and velocity structure to reproduce as closely as possible the behavior of the observed wave fields. A comparison of these results with those obtained with a homogeneous half-space demonstrates the importance of structural and topographic effects, which, if ignored, lead to a bias in the source location. We use synthetic seismograms to test the accuracy and stability of the method and to investigate the effect of our choice of probability distributions. We conclude that this location method can provide the source position of shallow events within a complex volcanic structure such as Kilauea Volcano with an error of ±200 m.</span></p>","language":"English","doi":"10.1029/2001JB000310","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Almendros, J., Chouet, B., and Dawson, P., 2001, Spatial extent of a hydrothermal system at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, determined from array analyses of shallow long-period seismicity 1. Method: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 106, no. B7, p. 13565-13580, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB000310.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"13565","endPage":"13580","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":498725,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10481/97988","text":"External Repository"},{"id":232281,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.26777118658742,\n              19.398103039773005\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.26519626593304,\n              19.40231282179836\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.2530083081693,\n              19.407655849794338\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.23910373663622,\n              19.406846311379084\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.23704380011282,\n              19.414941514169755\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.24974674200735,\n              19.42433144440021\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.26021808600137,\n              19.43015940404547\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.279959144351,\n              19.4316163612869\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.29849857306192,\n              19.41332250585515\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.29884189581594,\n              19.40490340274536\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.29437870001507,\n              19.40490340274536\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.29386371588427,\n              19.394055069727003\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.28013080572794,\n              19.396807700313744\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.26777118658742,\n              19.398103039773005\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"106","issue":"B7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-07-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9479e4b08c986b31aaef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Almendros, J.","contributorId":73369,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Almendros","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chouet, B.","contributorId":68465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chouet","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dawson, P. 0000-0003-4065-0588","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4065-0588","contributorId":49529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70023706,"text":"70023706 - 2001 - Petrographic and geochemical evidence for the formation of primary, bacterially induced lacustrine dolomite: La Roda 'white earth' (Pliocene, Central Spain)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:12","indexId":"70023706","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3369,"text":"Sedimentology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Petrographic and geochemical evidence for the formation of primary, bacterially induced lacustrine dolomite: La Roda 'white earth' (Pliocene, Central Spain)","docAbstract":"Upper Pliocene dolomites ('white earth') from La Roda, Spain, offer a good opportunity to evaluate the process of dolomite formation in lakes. The relatively young nature of the deposits could allow a link between dolomites precipitated in modern lake systems and those present in older lacustrine formations. The La Roda Mg-carbonates (dolomite unit) occur as a 3??5- to 4-m- thick package of poorly indurated, white, massive dolomite beds with interbedded thin deposits of porous carbonate displaying root and desiccation traces as well as local lenticular gypsum moulds. The massive dolomite beds consist mainly of loosely packed 1- to 2-??m-sized aggregates of dolomite crystals exhibiting poorly developed faces, which usually results in a subrounded morphology of the crystals. Minute rhombs of dolomite are sparse within the aggregates. Both knobbly textures and clumps of spherical bodies covering the crystal surfaces indicate that bacteria were involved in the formation of the dolomites. In addition, aggregates of euhedral dolomite crystals are usually present in some more clayey (sepiolite) interbeds. The thin porous carbonate (mostly dolomite) beds exhibit both euhedral and subrounded, bacterially induced dolomite crystals. The carbonate is mainly Ca-dolomite (51-54 mol% CaCO3), showing a low degree of ordering (degree of ordering ranges from 0??27 to 0??48). Calcite is present as a subordinate mineral in some samples. Sr, Mn and Fe contents show very low correlation coefficients with Mg/Ca ratios, whereas SiO2 and K contents are highly correlated. ??18O- and ??13C-values in dolomites range from -3??07??? to 5??40??? PDB (mean = 0??06, ?? = 1??75) and from -6??34??? to -0??39??? PDB (mean = -3??55, ?? = 1??33) respectively. Samples containing significant amounts of both dolomite and calcite do not in general show significant enrichment or depletion in 18O and 13C between the two minerals. The correlation coefficient between ??18O and ??13C for dolomite is extremely low and negative (r = -0??05), whereas it is higher and positive (r = 0??47) for calcite. The lacustrine dolomite deposit from La Roda is interpreted mainly as a result of primary precipitation of dolomite in a shallow, hydrologically closed perennial lake. The lake was supplied by highly saturated HCO3-/CO32- groundwater that leached dolomitic Mesozoic formations. Precipitation of dolomite from alkaline lake waters took place under a semi-arid to arid climate. However, according to our isotopic data, strong evaporative conditions were not required for the formation of the La Roda dolomite. A significant contribution by bacteria to the formation of the dolomites is assumed in view of both petrographic and geochemical evidence.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sedimentology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-3091.2001.00388.x","issn":"00370746","usgsCitation":"Garcia, D., Cura, M., Calvo, J.P., Ordonez, S., Jones, B., and Canaveras, J., 2001, Petrographic and geochemical evidence for the formation of primary, bacterially induced lacustrine dolomite: La Roda 'white earth' (Pliocene, Central Spain): Sedimentology, v. 48, no. 4, p. 897-915, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3091.2001.00388.x.","startPage":"897","endPage":"915","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478922,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3091.2001.00388.x","text":"External Repository"},{"id":207545,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3091.2001.00388.x"},{"id":232582,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-12-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7791e4b0c8380cd7851a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garcia, Del","contributorId":72169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"Del","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cura, M.A.","contributorId":92017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cura","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Calvo, J. P.","contributorId":24136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calvo","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ordonez, S.","contributorId":100156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ordonez","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jones, B.F.","contributorId":52156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Canaveras, J.C.","contributorId":66885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Canaveras","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70023645,"text":"70023645 - 2001 - Aerogeophysical measurements of collapse-prone hydrothermally altered zones at Mount Rainier volcano","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:02","indexId":"70023645","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aerogeophysical measurements of collapse-prone hydrothermally altered zones at Mount Rainier volcano","docAbstract":"Hydrothermally altered rocks can weaken volcanoes, increasing the potential for catastrophic sector collapses that can lead to destructive debris flows1. Evaluating the hazards associated with such alteration is difficult because alteration has been mapped on few active volcanoes1-4 and the distribution and severity of subsurface alteration is largely unknown on any active volcano. At Mount Rainier volcano (Washington, USA), collapses of hydrothermally altered edifice flanks have generated numerous extensive debris flows5,6 and future collapses could threaten areas that are now densely populated7. Preliminary geological mapping and remote-sensing data indicated that exposed alteration is contained in a dyke-controlled belt trending east-west that passes through the volcano's summit3-5,8. But here we present helicopter-borne electromagnetic and magnetic data, combined with detailed geological mapping, to show that appreciable thicknesses of mostly buried hydrothermally altered rock lie mainly in the upper west flank of Mount Rainier. We identify this as the likely source for future large debris flows. But as negligible amounts of highly altered rock lie in the volcano's core, this might impede collapse retrogression and so limit the volumes and inundation areas of future debris flows. Our results demonstrate that high-resolution geophysical and geological observations can yield unprecedented views of the three-dimensional distribution of altered rock.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/35054533","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Finn, C., Sisson, T.W., and Deszcz-Pan, M., 2001, Aerogeophysical measurements of collapse-prone hydrothermally altered zones at Mount Rainier volcano: Nature, v. 409, no. 6820, p. 600-603, https://doi.org/10.1038/35054533.","startPage":"600","endPage":"603","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207388,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35054533"},{"id":232301,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"409","issue":"6820","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e71fe4b0c8380cd47876","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finn, C. A. 0000-0002-6178-0405","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6178-0405","contributorId":93917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"C. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sisson, T. W.","contributorId":108120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sisson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Deszcz-Pan, M.","contributorId":102422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deszcz-Pan","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70022807,"text":"70022807 - 2001 - Soil N and 15N variation with time in a California annual grassland ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-19T10:46:09","indexId":"70022807","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil N and 15N variation with time in a California annual grassland ecosystem","docAbstract":"The %N and ??15N values of soils and plants were measured along a chronosequence spanning 3 to 3000 Ky in a California annual grassland. Total soil N decreased with increasing soil age (1.1 to 0.4 kg N m-2) while the mean ?? 15N values of the soil N increased by several ??? from the youngest to oldest sites (+3.5 to +6.2 ???). The ?? 15N values of plants varied along the gradient, reflecting changing soil N pools and differences in the form of N uptake. The decline in total N storage with time is hypothesized to be due to a shift from N to P limitation with increasing soil age. The general increase in ?? 15N values with time is interpreted using a N mass balance model, and appears to reflect a shift toward an increasing proportional losses of inorganic mineral forms of N (vs. organic forms) with increasing soil age. We develop a quantitative index of this trend (mineral vs. organic forms of N loss) using mass balance considerations and parameters. The %N and ?? 15N values along the California age gradient were compared to the published data for a comparably aged chronosequence in Hawaii. Most striking in this comparison is the observation that the California soil and plant ?? 15N values are several ??? greater than those on comparably aged Hawaiian sites. Multiple explanations are plausible, but assuming the sites have a similar range in ?? 15N values of atmospheric inputs, the isotopic differences suggest that N may be, at least seasonally, in greater excess in the strongly seasonal, semi-arid, California grassland. Copyright ?? 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00699-8","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Brenner, D., Amundson, R., Baisden, W.T., Kendall, C., and Harden, J., 2001, Soil N and 15N variation with time in a California annual grassland ecosystem: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 65, no. 22, p. 4171-4186, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00699-8.","startPage":"4171","endPage":"4186","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":233642,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":208149,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00699-8"}],"volume":"65","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b91e4e4b08c986b319b7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brenner, D.L.","contributorId":68501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brenner","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Amundson, Ronald","contributorId":59925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amundson","given":"Ronald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baisden, W. Troy","contributorId":46270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baisden","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Troy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kendall, C. 0000-0002-0247-3405","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":35050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Harden, J.","contributorId":43918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":394967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
]}