The Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) are implementing ongoing programs to characterize the petroleum potential of Cook Inlet basin. Since 2009 this program has included work on the Mesozoic stratigraphy of lower Cook Inlet, including the Middle Jurassic Tuxedni Group between Tuxedni and Iniskin bays (LePain and others, 2013; Stanley and others, 2013; fig. 5-1). The basal unit in the group, the Red Glacier Formation (fig. 5-2), is thought to be the principal source rock for oil produced in upper Cook Inlet, and available geochemical data support this contention (Magoon and Anders, 1992; Magoon, 1994). Despite its economic significance very little has been published on the formation since Detterman and Hartsock’s (1966) seminal contribution on the geology of the Iniskin–Tuxedni area nearly 50 years ago. Consequently its stratigraphy, contact relations with bounding formations, and source rock characteristics are poorly known. During the 2014 field season, a nearly continuous stratigraphic section through the Red Glacier Formation in its type area at Red Glacier was located and measured to characterize sedimentary facies and to collect a suite of samples for analyses of biostratigraphy, Rock-Eval pyrolysis, vitrinite reflectance, and sandstone composition (fig. 5-3).
The poorly known nature of the Red Glacier Formation is likely due to its remote location, steep terrain, and the fact that the type section is split into two segments that are more than 3 km apart. The lower 375 m segment of the formation is on the ridge between Red Glacier and Lateral Glacier and the upper 1,009 m segment is on the ridge between Red Glacier and Boulder Creek (fig. 5-3). Structural complications in the area add to the difficulty in understanding how these two segments fit together.
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The basin is bounded by the Castle Mountain fault and Cook Inlet basin on the south, the Talkeetna Mountains on the east, the Alaska Range on the north, and the Alaska–Aleutian Range on the west (fig. 2-1). The Cenozoic fill of the basin includes coal-bearing nonmarine rocks that are partly correlative with Paleogene strata in the Matanuska Valley and Paleogene and Neogene formations in Cook Inlet (Stanley and others, 2013, 2014). Mesozoic sedimentary rocks are present in widely-scattered uplifts in and around the margins of the basin; these rocks differ significantly from Mesozoic rocks in the forearc basin to the south. Mesozoic strata in the Susitna region were likely part of a remnant ocean basin that preceded the nonmarine Cenozoic basin (Trop and Ridgway, 2007). The presence of coal-bearing strata similar to units that are proven source rocks for microbial gas in Cook Inlet (Claypool and others, 1980) suggests the possibility of a similar system in the Susitna basin (Decker and others, 2012). In 2011 the Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) and Alaska Division of Oil and Gas, in collaboration with the U.S. Geological Survey, initiated a study of the gas potential of the Susitna basin (Gillis and others, 2013). This report presents a preliminary summary of the results from 14 days of helicopter-supported field work completed in the basin in August 2014. The goals of this work were to continue the reconnaissance stratigraphic work begun in 2011 aimed at understanding reservoir and seal potential of Tertiary strata, characterize the gas source potential of coals, and examine Mesozoic strata for source and reservoir potential
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Final report to U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T10:22:12","indexId":"70155247","displayToPublicDate":"2017-06-07T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Structured decision making for management of warm-water habitat for manatees. Final report to U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Kosempa, M., Martin, J., Johnson, F.A., Mezich, R., Stith, B., Deutsch, C., Masi, M., and Edwards, H.H., 2015, Structured decision making for management of warm-water habitat for manatees. Final report to U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 24 p. .","productDescription":"24 p. 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Inspired by Davis’s work, the Appalachian landscape rapidly became fertile ground for the development and testing of several grand landscape evolution paradigms, culminating with John Hack’s dynamic equilibrium in 1960. As part of the 2015 GSA Annual Meeting, the Geomorphology, Active Tectonics, and Landscape Evolution field trip offers an excellent venue for exploring Appalachian geomorphology through the lens of the Appalachian landscape, leveraging exciting research by a new generation of process-oriented geomorphologists and geologic field mapping. Important geomorphologic scholarship has recently used the Appalachian landscape as the testing ground for ideas on long- and short-term erosion, dynamic topography, glacial-isostatic adjustments, active tectonics in an intraplate setting, river incision, periglacial processes, and soil-saprolite formation.
This field trip explores a geologic and geomorphic transect of the mid-Atlantic margin, starting in the Blue Ridge of Virginia and proceeding to the east across the Piedmont to the Coastal Plain. The emphasis here will not only be on the geomorphology, but also the underlying geology that establishes the template and foundation upon which surface processes have etched out the familiar Appalachian landscape. The first day focuses on new and published work that highlights Cenozoic sedimentary deposits, soils, paleosols, and geomorphic markers (terraces and knickpoints) that are being used to reconstruct a late Cenozoic history of erosion, deposition, climate change, and active tectonics. The second day is similarly devoted to new and published work documenting the fluvial geomorphic response to active tectonics in the Central Virginia seismic zone (CVSZ), site of the 2011 M 5.8 Mineral earthquake and the integrated record of Appalachian erosion preserved on the Coastal Plain. The trip concludes on Day 3, joining the Kirk Bryan Field Trip at Great Falls, Virginia/ Maryland, to explore and discuss the dramatic processes of base-level fall, fluvial incision, and knickpoint retreat.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"GSA Field Guides","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","usgsCitation":"Pazzaglia, F.J., Carter, M.W., Berti, C., Counts, R.C., Hancock, G.S., Harbor, D., Harrison, R., Heller, M., Mahan, S.A., Malenda, H., McKeon, R., Nelson, M., Prince, P., Rittenour, T.M., Spotilla, J., and Whittecar, G.R., 2015, Geomorphology, active tectonics, and landscape evolution in the Mid-Atlantic region, chap. of GSA Field Guides, v. 40, p. 109-169.","productDescription":"61 p.","startPage":"109","endPage":"169","ipdsId":"IP-065614","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340902,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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M.","contributorId":140755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rittenour","given":"Tammy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Spotilla, James","contributorId":145596,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spotilla","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16162,"text":"VA Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Whittecar, G. Richard","contributorId":177212,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whittecar","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}} ,{"id":70187116,"text":"70187116 - 2015 - Evaluation of perchlorate sources in the Rialto-Colton and Chino California subbasins using chlorine and oxygen isotope ratio analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T09:23:28","indexId":"70187116","displayToPublicDate":"2017-04-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesNumber":"ER-200942","title":"Evaluation of perchlorate sources in the Rialto-Colton and Chino California subbasins using chlorine and oxygen isotope ratio analysis","docAbstract":"Perchlorate (ClO4-) in groundwater can be from synthetic or natural sources, the latter of which include both historical application of imported nitrate fertilizers from the Atacama Desert of Chile and naturally deposited ClO4- that forms atmospherically and accumulates in arid regions such as the southwestern US. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of isotopic data to distinguish sources of ClO4- in groundwater in a specific region of the Rialto-Colton and Chino, CA groundwater subbasins (Study Area). This region includes two groundwater ClO4- plumes emanating from known military/industrial source areas, and a larger area outside of these plumes having measurable ClO4-. Perchlorate extracted from wells in this region was analyzed for chlorine and oxygen stable isotope ratios (δ37Cl, δ18O, δ17O) and radioactive chlorine-36 (36Cl) isotopic abundance, along with other geochemical, isotopic, and hydrogeologic data. Isotope data indicate synthetic, Atacama, and indigenous natural ClO4- were present in the Study Area. Stable isotope data from nearly all sampled wells within the contours of the two characterized plumes, including those located in a perched zone and within the regional groundwater aquifer, were consistent with a dominant synthetic ClO4- source. In wells downgradient from the synthetic plumes and in the Chino subbasin to the southwest, isotopic data indicate the dominant source of ClO4- largely was Atacama, presumably from historical application of nitrate fertilizer in this region. Past agricultural land use and historical records are consistent with this source being present in groundwater. The 36Cl and δ18O data indicate that wells having predominantly synthetic or Atacama ClO4- also commonly contained small fractions of indigenous natural ClO4-. The indigenous ClO4- was most evident isotopically in wells having the lowest overall ClO4- concentrations (< 1 μg/L), consistent with its occurrence as a low-level background constituent in the region. A small subset of wells outside the contours of the two synthetic plumes, including an upgradient well, had characteristics indicating small amounts of synthetic ClO4- mixed with one or both of the natural source types. Hydrogeologic data indicate synthetic ClO4- in the upgradient well may be from a source other than the identified plume sources, but it is not known whether this source might also be present in other wells at low concentrations. The stable isotope and 36Cl data provided relatively unambiguous discrimination of synthetic and Atacama ClO4- sources in most wells having relatively high concentrations, providing regional perspective on anthropogenic ClO4- contamination in the Rialto-Colton and Chino subbasins. Where indigenous natural ClO4- was indicated as a substantial component, total ClO4- concentrations were low and concentrations of anthropogenic components were near background levels.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Defense","usgsCitation":"Hatzinger, P.B., Bohlke, J., Izbicki, J.A., Teague, N.F., and Sturchio, N.C., 2015, Evaluation of perchlorate sources in the Rialto-Colton and Chino California subbasins using chlorine and oxygen isotope ratio analysis, x, 79 p.","productDescription":"x, 79 p.","ipdsId":"IP-062818","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340220,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":340161,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://serdp-estcp.org/Program-Areas/Environmental-Restoration/Contaminated-Groundwater/Emerging-Issues/ER-200942"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Bernadino","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.17993164062499,\n 33.815666308702774\n ],\n [\n -114.993896484375,\n 33.815666308702774\n ],\n [\n -115.037841796875,\n 34.95799531086792\n ],\n [\n -118.16894531249999,\n 34.97600151317588\n ],\n [\n -118.17993164062499,\n 33.815666308702774\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59006063e4b0e85db3a5dddd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatzinger, Paul B.","contributorId":149376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hatzinger","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":17721,"text":"Shaw Environmental, Princeton, NJ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":692534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bohlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":191103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J.K.","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Izbicki, John A. 0000-0003-0816-4408 jaizbick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0816-4408","contributorId":152474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izbicki","given":"John","email":"jaizbick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Teague, Nicholas F. 0000-0001-5289-1210 nteague@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5289-1210","contributorId":2145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Teague","given":"Nicholas","email":"nteague@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sturchio, Neil C.","contributorId":149375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sturchio","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":15289,"text":"University of Illinois, Ven Te Chow Hydrosystems Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":692535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70174120,"text":"70174120 - 2015 - Species conservation profile of the smallmouth bass micropterus dolomieu","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-19T14:59:20","indexId":"70174120","displayToPublicDate":"2017-04-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Species conservation profile of the smallmouth bass micropterus dolomieu","docAbstract":"No abstract available
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Black bass diversity: Multidisciplinary science for conservation","conferenceTitle":"American Fisheries Society Symposium 82","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","usgsCitation":"Brewer, S.K., 2015, Species conservation profile of the smallmouth bass micropterus dolomieu, chap. of Black bass diversity: Multidisciplinary science for conservation.","ipdsId":"IP-046040","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339990,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339987,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fisheries.org/bookstore/all-titles/afs-symposia/54082c/"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f877b9e4b0b7ea54521c20","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Tringali, Michael D.","contributorId":191189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tringali","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692222,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, James M. 0000-0002-8658-9949 jmlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-9949","contributorId":3453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"James","email":"jmlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692223,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Birdsong, Timothy W.","contributorId":172473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Birdsong","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692224,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Allen, Michael S.","contributorId":67375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692225,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Brewer, Shannon K. 0000-0002-1537-3921 skbrewer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-3921","contributorId":2252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brewer","given":"Shannon","email":"skbrewer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70156031,"text":"ofr20151155 - 2015 - Wyoming Basin Rapid Ecoregional Assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-18T15:26:13","indexId":"ofr20151155","displayToPublicDate":"2017-04-18T15:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1155","title":"Wyoming Basin Rapid Ecoregional Assessment","docAbstract":"The Wyoming Basin Rapid Ecoregional Assessment was conducted in partnership with the Bureau of Land Management (BLM). The overall goals of the BLM Rapid Ecoregional Assessments (REAs) are to identify important ecosystems and wildlife habitats at broad spatial scales; identify where these resources are at risk from Change Agents, including development, wildfire, invasive species, disease and climate change; quantify cumulative effects of anthropogenic stressors; and assess current levels of risk to ecological resources across a range of spatial scales and jurisdictional boundaries by assessing all lands within an ecoregion. There are several components of the REAs. Management Questions, developed by the BLM and stakeholders for the ecoregion, identify the regionally significant information needed for addressing land-management responsibilities. Conservation Elements represent regionally significant species and ecological communities that are of management concern. Change Agents that currently affect or are likely to affect the condition of species and communities in the future are identified and assessed. REAs also identify areas that have high conservation potential that are referred to as “large intact areas.” At the ecoregion level, the ecological value of large intact areas is based on the assumption that because these areas have not been greatly altered by human activities (such as development), they are more likely to contain a variety of plant and animal communities and to be resilient and resistant to changes resulting from natural disturbances such as fire, insect outbreaks, and disease.
\nThe Wyoming Basin Ecoregion encompasses approximately 133,656 square kilometers (51,604.87 square miles), including portions of Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, Idaho, and Montana. The Wyoming Basin has some of the highest quality wildlife habitats remaining in the Intermountain West. The wide variety of habitats includes intermountain basins dominated by sagebrush shrublands interspersed with deciduous and conifer woodlands and montane or subalpine forests at higher elevations. The Wyoming Basin also supports ranching and agricultural operations that are important to the region’s economy and vital to conserving habitats for wildlife. The region also contains abundant energy resources, including large natural gas reserves and areas of high wind-energy potential. Combined with increased residential and industrial development, fast-paced energy development is resulting in notable land-use changes, including habitat loss and fragmentation.
\nIn the Wyoming Basin REA, we evaluated the following seven communities as Conservation Elements: streams and rivers, wetlands, riparian forests and shrublands, sagebrush steppe, desert shrublands, foothill shrublands and woodlands, and mountain forests and alpine zones. We evaluated a total of 14 species and species assemblages as Conservation Elements: aspen forests and woodlands, five-needle pine forests and woodlands, juniper woodlands, cutthroat trout, three-species fish assemblage, northern leatherside chub, sauger, spadefoot assemblage, greater sage-grouse, golden eagle, ferruginous hawk, sagebrush-obligate birds, pygmy rabbit, and mule deer.
\nWe evaluated Management Questions (Core and Integrated) for each species and community for the Wyoming Basin REA. Core Management Questions address primary management issues, including (1) where is the Conservation Element, and what are its key ecological attributes (characteristics of species and communities that may affect their long-term persistence or viability); (2) what and where are the Change Agents; and (3) how do the Change Agents affect the key ecological attributes? Integrated Management Questions synthesize the Core Management Questions as follows: (1) where are the areas with high landscape-level ecological values; (2) where are the areas with high landscape-level risks; and (3) where are the potential areas for conservation, restoration, and development? The associated maps and key findings for each Management Question are summarized for each Conservation Element in individual chapters. Additional chapters on landscape intactness and an REA synthesis are included.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151155","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Carr, N.B., and Melcher, C.P., eds., 2017, Wyoming Basin Rapid Ecoregional Assessment: (ver. 1.1, April 2017) U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1155, 896 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151155. ","productDescription":"xx, 896 p.","numberOfPages":"916","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-056609","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307273,"rank":5,"type":{"id":6,"text":"Chapter"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1155/pdf/section3/","text":"Section III. Assessments of Communities","linkHelpText":"Director, Fort Collins Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2150 Centre Ave., Bldg. C
Fort Collins, CO 80526–8118
http://www.fort.usgs.gov/
The Louisiana black bear (Ursus americanus luteolus) was reduced to a few small, fragmented, and isolated subpopulations in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley by the mid-twentieth century resulting from loss and fragmentation of habitat. In 1992, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) granted the Louisiana black bear threatened status under the United States Endangered Species Act of 1973. Since that time, a recovery plan was developed, a reintroduced population was established, and habitat recovery has occurred. The Recovery Plan states that a minimum of 2 populations must be viable (i.e., persistence probabilities over 100 years >0.95), 1 in the Tensas River Basin and 1 in the Atchafalaya River Basin. Consequently, our objectives were to 1) estimate demographic rates of Louisiana black bear subpopulations, 2) develop data-driven stochastic population projection models, and 3) determine how different projection model assumptions affect population trajectories and predictions about long-term persistence. Our overall goal was to assess long-term persistence of the bear subpopulations in Louisiana, individually and as a whole. We collected data using varying combinations of non-invasive DNA sampling, live capture, winter den visits, and radio monitoring from 2002 to 2012 in the 4 areas currently supporting breeding subpopulations in Louisiana: Tensas River Basin (TRB), Upper Atchafalaya River Basin (UARB), Lower Atchafalaya River Basin (LARB), and a recently reintroduced population at the Three Rivers Complex (TRC). From 2002 to 2012, we radio monitored fates of 86 adult females within the TRB and 43 in the TRC. Mean estimates of annual adult survival for the TRB and TRC were 0.997 and 0.990, respectively, when unknown fates were assumed alive and 0.970 and 0.926 when unknown fates were assumed dead. From 2003 to 2013, we observed 130 cub litters from 74 females in the TRB, and 74 cub litters from 45 females in the TRC. During the same period, we observed 43 yearling litters for 33 females in the TRB and 21 yearling litters for 19 females in the TRC. The estimated number of cubs and number of yearlings produced per breeding adult female was 0.47 and 0.20, respectively, in the TRB and 0.32 and 0.18 in the TRC. On the basis of matrix projection models, asymptotic growth rates ranged from 1.053 to 1.078 for the TRB and from 1.005 to 1.062 for the TRC, depending on how we treated unresolved fates of adult females. Persistence probabilities estimated from stochastic population models based on telemetry data ranged from 0.997 to 0.998 for the TRC subpopulation depending on model assumptions and were >0.999 for the TRB regardless of model assumptions. We extracted DNA from hair collected at baited, barbed-wire enclosures in the TRB, UARB, and LARB to determine individual identities for capture-mark-recapture (CMR) analysis. We used those detection histories to estimate apparent survival (φ), per-capita recruitment (f), abundance (N), realized growth rate (λ), and long-term viability, based on Bayesian hierarchical modeling methods that allowed estimation of temporal process variance and parameter uncertainty. Based on 23,312 hair samples, annual N for females in the TRB ranged from 133 to 164 during 2006–2012, depending on year and how detection heterogeneity was modeled. Geometric mean of λ ranged from 0.996 to 1.002. In the UARB, we collected 11,643 hair samples from 2007 to 2012, from which estimates of N for females ranged from 23 to 43 during the study period, depending on detection heterogeneity model. The geometric mean of λ ranged from 1.038 to 1.059. Estimated N for females in LARB ranged from 69 to 96, and annual λ ranged from 0.80 to 1.11 based on 3,698 hair samples collected during 2010–2012, also depending on year and heterogeneity model. Probabilities of persistence over 100 years for the TRC and TRB based on stochastic matrix projection models that used vital rate estimates from telemetry data were >0.95 for all scenarios. Probability of persistence at the TRB and the UARB based on projection models that used vital rate estimates from CMR analyses ranged from 0.928 to 0.954 and from 0.906 to 0.959, respectively, depending on model assumptions. Data from the LARB were insufficient for a viability assessment. Thus, individual persistence probabilities for TRB and UARB did not meet the strict definition of viability (i.e., >0.95) under some model assumptions. However, the joint probability of bears persisting either in the TRB or UARB was >0.993 assuming individual population dynamics were independent and was >0.958 assuming dynamics were perfectly correlated. Furthermore, including the TRC increased the joint probability of bears persisting somewhere in the TRB, UARB, or TRC to >0.999 based on the most pessimistic individual persistence estimates from those subpopulations. Therefore, if the intent of specifying that 2 subpopulations should be viable was to ensure the persistence of Louisiana black bears somewhere within its historical range, then the viability threshold was met. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/wmon.1018","collaboration":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries","usgsCitation":"Laufenberg, J.S., Clark, J.D., Hooker, M.J., Lowe, C.L., O’Connell-Goode, K.C., Troxler, J.C., Davidson, M., Chamberlain, M.J., and Chandler, R.B., 2015, Demographic rates and population viability of black bears in Louisiana: Wildlife Monographs, v. 194, no. 1, p. 1-37, https://doi.org/10.1002/wmon.1018.","productDescription":"37 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"37","ipdsId":"IP-069827","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337334,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n 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PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-06-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c3c93de4b0f37a93ee9b0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Laufenberg, Jared S.","contributorId":28899,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laufenberg","given":"Jared","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7006,"text":"Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":681670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clark, Joseph D. 0000-0002-8547-8112 jclark1@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8547-8112","contributorId":2265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Joseph","email":"jclark1@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hooker, Michael J.","contributorId":187784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hooker","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lowe, Carrie L.","contributorId":187785,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lowe","given":"Carrie","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"O’Connell-Goode, Kaitlin C.","contributorId":187786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Connell-Goode","given":"Kaitlin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Troxler, Jesse C.","contributorId":187787,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Troxler","given":"Jesse","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Davidson, Maria M.","contributorId":187788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davidson","given":"Maria M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Chamberlain, Michael J.","contributorId":179350,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chamberlain","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Chandler, Richard B. 0000-0003-4930-2790 rchandler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4930-2790","contributorId":187789,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chandler","given":"Richard","email":"rchandler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":13267,"text":"Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":681677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70182748,"text":"70182748 - 2015 - Dating base flow in streams using dissolved gases and diurnal temperature changes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-28T09:17:56","indexId":"70182748","displayToPublicDate":"2017-02-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dating base flow in streams using dissolved gases and diurnal temperature changes","docAbstract":"A method is presented for using dissolved CFCs or SF6 to estimate the apparent age of stream base flow by indirectly estimating the mean concentration of the tracer in the inflowing groundwater. The mean value is estimated simultaneously with the mean residence times of the gas and water in the stream by sampling the stream for one or both age tracers, along with dissolved nitrogen and argon at a single location over a period of approximately 12–14 h. The data are fitted to an equation representing the temporal in-stream gas exchange as it responds to the diurnal temperature fluctuation. The efficacy of the method is demonstrated by collecting and analyzing samples at six different stream locations across parts of northern Virginia, USA. The studied streams drain watersheds with areas of between 2 and 122 km2 during periods when the diurnal stream temperature ranged between 2 and 5°C. The method has the advantage of estimating the mean groundwater residence time of discharge from the watershed to the stream without the need for the collection of groundwater infiltrating to streambeds or local groundwater sampled from shallow observation wells near the stream.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/2014WR016796","usgsCitation":"Sanford, W.E., Casile, G.C., and Haase, K.B., 2015, Dating base flow in streams using dissolved gases and diurnal temperature changes: Water Resources Research, v. 51, no. 12, p. 9790-9803, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014WR016796.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"9790","endPage":"9803","ipdsId":"IP-067414","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471487,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014wr016796","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":336311,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","volume":"51","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b69a42e4b01ccd54ff3fa8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanford, Ward E. 0000-0002-6624-0280 wsanford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-0280","contributorId":2268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"Ward","email":"wsanford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Casile, Gerolamo C. jcasile@usgs.gov","contributorId":4007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casile","given":"Gerolamo","email":"jcasile@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haase, Karl B. 0000-0002-6897-6494 khaase@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6897-6494","contributorId":3405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haase","given":"Karl","email":"khaase@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70182768,"text":"70182768 - 2015 - Collapse risk of buildings in the Pacific Northwest region due to subduction earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-06T11:56:42","indexId":"70182768","displayToPublicDate":"2017-02-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Collapse risk of buildings in the Pacific Northwest region due to subduction earthquakes","docAbstract":"Subduction earthquakes similar to the 2011 Japan and 2010 Chile events will occur in the future in the Cascadia subduction zone in the Pacific Northwest. In this paper, nonlinear dynamic analyses are carried out on 24 buildings designed according to outdated and modern building codes for the cities of Seattle, Washington, and Portland, Oregon. The results indicate that the median collapse capacity of the ductile (post-1970) buildings is approximately 40% less when subjected to ground motions from subduction, as compared to crustal earthquakes. Buildings are more susceptible to earthquake-induced collapse when shaken by subduction records (as compared to crustal records of the same intensity) because the subduction motions tend to be longer in duration due to their larger magnitude and the greater source-to-site distance. As a result, subduction earthquakes are shown to contribute to the majority of the collapse risk of the buildings analyzed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Engineering Research Institute","doi":"10.1193/012114EQS011M","usgsCitation":"Raghunandan, M., Liel, A.B., and Luco, N., 2015, Collapse risk of buildings in the Pacific Northwest region due to subduction earthquakes: Earthquake Spectra, v. 31, no. 4, p. 2087-2115, https://doi.org/10.1193/012114EQS011M.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"2087","endPage":"2115","ipdsId":"IP-060810","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336341,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Pacific Northwest","volume":"31","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b69a42e4b01ccd54ff3fa6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Raghunandan, Meera","contributorId":184157,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raghunandan","given":"Meera","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liel, Abbie B.","contributorId":184158,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liel","given":"Abbie","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luco, Nico 0000-0002-5763-9847 nluco@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5763-9847","contributorId":145730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luco","given":"Nico","email":"nluco@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70155971,"text":"70155971 - 2015 - The Swinomish Indian Tribal Community prepares for climate change impacts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-16T10:49:41","indexId":"70155971","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"The Swinomish Indian Tribal Community prepares for climate change impacts","docAbstract":"From changes in traditional foods to concerns of displacement from rising seas, this coastal community in the Pacific Northwest is assessing potential impacts to make decisions for their future.","language":"English","publisher":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","usgsCitation":"Grossman, E., Donatuto, J., Grossman, S., and Campbell, L.W., 2015, The Swinomish Indian Tribal Community prepares for climate change impacts, HTML document.","productDescription":"HTML document","ipdsId":"IP-065486","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306466,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://toolkit.climate.gov/taking-action/swinomish-indian-tribal-community-prepares-climate-change-impacts"},{"id":341338,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Swinomish Reservation","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.73239135742188,\n 48.36035532919418\n ],\n [\n -122.4542999267578,\n 48.36035532919418\n ],\n [\n -122.4542999267578,\n 48.517968838568294\n ],\n [\n -122.73239135742188,\n 48.517968838568294\n ],\n [\n -122.73239135742188,\n 48.36035532919418\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591c0fcae4b0a7fdb43ddef4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grossman, Eric E. 0000-0003-0269-6307 egrossman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0269-6307","contributorId":140908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grossman","given":"Eric E.","email":"egrossman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":567476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Donatuto, Jamie","contributorId":38474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donatuto","given":"Jamie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grossman, Sarah","contributorId":22688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grossman","given":"Sarah","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Campbell, Larry W.","contributorId":38475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159601,"text":"70159601 - 2015 - Management of aspen in a changing environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T15:36:39","indexId":"70159601","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Management of aspen in a changing environment","docAbstract":"We consider the putative tradeoff between optimization and resilience in the management of natural resources, using a framework that incorporates different sources of uncertainty that are common in natural resources management. We address one-time decisions, and then expand the decision context to the more complex problem of iterative decision making. For both cases we focus on two key sources of uncertainty: partial observability of system state and uncertainty as to system dynamics. Optimal management strategies will vary considerably depending on the timeframe being considered and the amount and quality of information that is available to characterize system features and project the consequences of potential decisions. But in all cases an optimal decision making framework, if properly identified and focused, can be useful in recognizing sound decisions. We argue that under the conditions of deep uncertainty that characterize many resource systems, an optimal decision process that focuses on robustness does not automatically induce a loss of resilience.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Adaptive management of social-ecological systems","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/978-94-017-9682-8_12","usgsCitation":"Williams, B.K., and Johnson, F.A., 2015, Optimization and resilience in natural resources management, chap. of Adaptive management of social-ecological systems, p. 217-233, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9682-8_12.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"217","endPage":"233","ipdsId":"IP-037265","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332158,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5853ba43e4b0e2663625f2c4","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Allen, Craig","contributorId":201980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":813809,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garmestani, Ahjond S.","contributorId":77285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garmestani","given":"Ahjond","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":813810,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Byron K. 0000-0001-7644-1396","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7644-1396","contributorId":86616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Byron","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":655990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Fred A. 0000-0002-5854-3695 fjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5854-3695","contributorId":2773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Fred","email":"fjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":655991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70178118,"text":"70178118 - 2015 - Application-ready expedited MODIS data for operational land surface monitoring of vegetation condition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T14:08:18","indexId":"70178118","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application-ready expedited MODIS data for operational land surface monitoring of vegetation condition","docAbstract":"Monitoring systems benefit from high temporal frequency image data collected from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) system. Because of near-daily global coverage, MODIS data are beneficial to applications that require timely information about vegetation condition related to drought, flooding, or fire danger. Rapid satellite data streams in operational applications have clear benefits for monitoring vegetation, especially when information can be delivered as fast as changing surface conditions. An “expedited” processing system called “eMODIS” operated by the U.S. Geological Survey provides rapid MODIS surface reflectance data to operational applications in less than 24 h offering tailored, consistently-processed information products that complement standard MODIS products. We assessed eMODIS quality and consistency by comparing to standard MODIS data. Only land data with known high quality were analyzed in a central U.S. study area. When compared to standard MODIS (MOD/MYD09Q1), the eMODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) maintained a strong, significant relationship to standard MODIS NDVI, whether from morning (Terra) or afternoon (Aqua) orbits. The Aqua eMODIS data were more prone to noise than the Terra data, likely due to differences in the internal cloud mask used in MOD/MYD09Q1 or compositing rules. Post-processing temporal smoothing decreased noise in eMODIS data.
","language":"English","publisher":"Molecular Diversity Preservation International","publisherLocation":"Basel, Switzerland","doi":"10.3390/rs71215825","usgsCitation":"Brown, J.F., Howard, D., Wylie, B.K., Friesz, A.M., Ji, L., and Gacke, C., 2015, Application-ready expedited MODIS data for operational land surface monitoring of vegetation condition: Remote Sensing, v. 7, no. 12, p. 16226-16240, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs71215825.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"16226","endPage":"16240","ipdsId":"IP-066456","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471489,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs71215825","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":330712,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"581c4cc4e4b09688d6e90fd9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Jesslyn F. 0000-0002-9976-1998 jfbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9976-1998","contributorId":176609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Jesslyn","email":"jfbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Howard, Daniel M. 0000-0002-7563-7538 dhoward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7563-7538","contributorId":139585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Daniel M.","email":"dhoward@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":652852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wylie, Bruce K. 0000-0002-7374-1083 wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","email":"wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Friesz, Aaron M. 0000-0003-4096-3824 afriesz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4096-3824","contributorId":5943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friesz","given":"Aaron","email":"afriesz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ji, Lei 0000-0002-6133-1036 lji@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6133-1036","contributorId":139587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ji","given":"Lei","email":"lji@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gacke, Carolyn 0000-0001-6922-2814 cgacke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6922-2814","contributorId":152416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gacke","given":"Carolyn","email":"cgacke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70178128,"text":"70178128 - 2015 - Seasonal foraging responses of beavers to sodium-enhanced foods: An experimental assessment with field feeding trials","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-03T12:32:26","indexId":"70178128","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal foraging responses of beavers to sodium-enhanced foods: An experimental assessment with field feeding trials","docAbstract":"Salt drive is a seasonal phenomenon common to several classes of wild herbivores. Coincident with shifts of nutrient quality when plants resume growth in the spring, sodium is secondarily lost as surplus potassium is excreted. The beaver (Castor canadensis) is an herbivore whose dietary niche closely follows that of other herbivores that are subject to salt drive, but no published studies to date have assessed the likelihood of its occurrence. To quantify if beavers experience seasonal salt drive, we designed a field experiment to measure the foraging responses of beavers to sodium-enhanced foods. We used sodium-treated (salted) and control (no salt) food items (aspen [Populus tremuloides] and pine [Pinus spp.] sticks) during monthly feeding trials at beaver-occupied wetlands. If conventional ontogeny of salt drive was operant, we expected to observe greater utility of sodium-treated food items by beavers in May and June. Further, if water lilies (Nymphaea spp. and Nuphar spp.) supply beavers with sodium to meet dietary requirements as is widely speculated, we expected foraging responses to sodium-treated food items at wetlands where water lilies were absent to be greater than at wetlands where water lily was present. Aspen was selected by beavers in significantly greater amounts than pine. There was no difference between the mean percent consumed of salted and control aspen sticks by beavers at lily and non-lily wetlands, and no differences in temporal consumption associated with salted or control pine sticks at either wetland type. Salted pine was consumed in greater amounts than unsalted pine. We propose that the gastrointestinal or renal physiology of beavers may preclude solute loss, thereby preventing salt drive.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Mammalogists","publisherLocation":"Provo, UT","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyv157","usgsCitation":"Strules, J., and DeStefano, S., 2015, Seasonal foraging responses of beavers to sodium-enhanced foods: An experimental assessment with field feeding trials: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 97, no. 1, p. 89-101, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyv157.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"101","ipdsId":"IP-052940","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471488,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyv157","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":330693,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"581c4cc4e4b09688d6e90fd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Strules, Jennifer","contributorId":176631,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strules","given":"Jennifer","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeStefano, Stephen 0000-0003-2472-8373 destef@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2472-8373","contributorId":166706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeStefano","given":"Stephen","email":"destef@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":652901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70178044,"text":"70178044 - 2015 - Assessing shoreline exposure and oyster habitat suitability maximizes potential success for sustainable shoreline protection using restored oyster reefs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-01T12:50:03","indexId":"70178044","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3840,"text":"PeerJ","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing shoreline exposure and oyster habitat suitability maximizes potential success for sustainable shoreline protection using restored oyster reefs","docAbstract":"Oyster reefs provide valuable ecosystem services that contribute to coastal resilience. Unfortunately, many reefs have been degraded or removed completely, and there are increased efforts to restore oysters in many coastal areas. In particular, much attention has recently been given to the restoration of shellfish reefs along eroding shorelines to reduce erosion. Such fringing reef approaches, however, often lack empirical data to identify locations where reefs are most effective in reducing marsh erosion, or fully take into account habitat suitability. Using monitoring data from 5 separate fringing reef projects across coastal Louisiana, we quantify shoreline exposure (fetch + wind direction + wind speed) and reef impacts on shoreline retreat. Our results indicate that fringing oyster reefs have a higher impact on shoreline retreat at higher exposure shorelines. At higher exposures, fringing reefs reduced marsh edge erosion an average of 1.0 m y−1. Using these data, we identify ranges of shoreline exposure values where oyster reefs are most effective at reducing marsh edge erosion and apply this knowledge to a case study within one Louisiana estuary. In Breton Sound estuary, we calculate shoreline exposure at 500 random points and then overlay a habitat suitability index for oysters. This method and the resulting visualization show areas most likely to support sustainable oyster populations as well as significantly reduce shoreline erosion. Our results demonstrate how site selection criteria, which include shoreline exposure and habitat suitability, are critical to ensuring greater positive impacts and longevity of oyster reef restoration projects.
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,{"id":70159593,"text":"70159593 - 2015 - The influence of food abundance, food dispersion and habitat structure on territory selection and size of an Afrotropical terrestrial insectivore","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-20T12:37:59","indexId":"70159593","displayToPublicDate":"2016-09-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2970,"text":"Ostrich","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of food abundance, food dispersion and habitat structure on territory selection and size of an Afrotropical terrestrial insectivore","docAbstract":"Most tropical insectivorous birds, unlike their temperate counterparts, hold and defend a feeding and breeding territory year-around. However, our understanding of ecological factors influencing territory selection and size in tropical insectivores is limited. Here we examine three prominent hypotheses relating food abundance, food dispersion (spatial arrangement of food items), and habitat structure to territoriality in the Usambara Thrush Turdus roehli. We first compared leaf-litter macro-invertebrate abundance and dispersion, and habitat structure between territories and random sites. We then examined the relation between these same ecological factors and territory size. Invertebrate abundance and dispersion were sparsely and evenly distributed across our study system and did not vary between territories and random sites. In contrast, habitat structure did vary between territories and random sites indicating the Usambara Thrush selects territories with open understorey and closed overstorey habitat. Invertebrate abundance and dispersion within territories of the Usambara Thrush were not associated with habitat structure. We believe the most likely explanation for the Usambara Thrush’s preference for open understorey and closed overstorey habitat relates to foraging behavior. Using information-theoretic model selection we found that invertebrate abundance was the highest-ranked predictor of territory size and was inversely related, consistent with food value theory of territoriality.
","language":"English","publisher":"South African Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2989/00306525.2016.1216903","usgsCitation":"Stanley, T.R., and Newmark, W.D., 2015, The influence of food abundance, food dispersion and habitat structure on territory selection and size of an Afrotropical terrestrial insectivore: Ostrich, v. 87, no. 3, p. 199-207, https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2016.1216903.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"207","ipdsId":"IP-060994","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488526,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/The_influence_of_food_abundance_food_dispersion_and_habitat_structure_on_territory_selection_and_size_of_an_Afrotropical_terrestrial_insectivore/3853491","text":"External Repository"},{"id":330898,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"582443f6e4b09065cdf30534","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stanley, Thomas R. 0000-0002-8393-0005 stanleyt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8393-0005","contributorId":209928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Thomas","email":"stanleyt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newmark, William D.","contributorId":95783,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newmark","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70176619,"text":"70176619 - 2015 - Estimation of historic flows and sediment loads to San Francisco Bay,1849–2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T11:26:17","indexId":"70176619","displayToPublicDate":"2016-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of historic flows and sediment loads to San Francisco Bay,1849–2011","docAbstract":"River flow and sediment transport in estuaries influence morphological development over decadal and century time scales, but hydrological and sedimentological records are typically too short to adequately characterize long-term trends. In this study, we recover archival records and apply a rating curve approach to develop the first instrumental estimates of daily delta inflow and sediment loads to San Francisco Bay (1849–1929). The total sediment load is constrained using sedimentation/erosion estimated from bathymetric survey data to produce continuous daily sediment transport estimates from 1849 to 1955, the time period prior to sediment load measurements. We estimate that ∼55% (45–75%) of the ∼1500 ± 400 million tons (Mt) of sediment delivered to the estuary between 1849 and 2011 was the result of anthropogenic alteration in the watershed that increased sediment supply. Also, the seasonal timing of sediment flux events has shifted because significant spring-melt floods have decreased, causing estimated springtime transport (April 1st to June 30th) to decrease from ∼25% to ∼15% of the annual total. By contrast, wintertime sediment loads (December 1st to March 31st) have increased from ∼70% to ∼80%. A ∼35% reduction of annual flow since the 19th century along with decreased sediment supply has resulted in a ∼50% reduction in annual sediment delivery. The methods developed in this study can be applied to other systems for which unanalyzed historic data exist.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.08.043","usgsCitation":"Moftakhari, H., Jay, D., Talke, S., and Schoellhamer, D., 2015, Estimation of historic flows and sediment loads to San Francisco Bay,1849–2011: Journal of Hydrology, v. 529, no. 3, p. 1247-1261, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.08.043.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"1247","endPage":"1261","numberOfPages":"5","ipdsId":"IP-061977","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471491,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.08.043","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347672,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.70629882812499,\n 38.06539235133249\n ],\n [\n -122.56072998046875,\n 38.25543637637947\n ],\n [\n -122.40142822265625,\n 38.28346905497185\n ],\n [\n -121.78344726562499,\n 38.35027253825765\n ],\n [\n -121.37420654296875,\n 38.31795595794451\n ],\n [\n -121.22589111328126,\n 37.93553306183642\n ],\n [\n -121.25335693359374,\n 37.572882155556194\n ],\n [\n -121.44012451171874,\n 37.40289194122376\n ],\n [\n -121.761474609375,\n 37.21720611325497\n ],\n [\n -122.20642089843749,\n 37.17126017626408\n ],\n [\n -122.47283935546874,\n 37.199706196161735\n ],\n [\n -122.70629882812499,\n 38.06539235133249\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"529","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7c657e4b0bc0bec09c90f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moftakhari, H.R.","contributorId":174830,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moftakhari","given":"H.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24698,"text":"PSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":649393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jay, D.A.","contributorId":174832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jay","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24698,"text":"PSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":649395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Talke, S.A.","contributorId":174831,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Talke","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24698,"text":"PSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":649394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70176490,"text":"70176490 - 2015 - Remote Sensing of Actual Evapotranspiration from Cropland: Chapter 3","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-03T13:15:00","indexId":"70176490","displayToPublicDate":"2016-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Remote Sensing of Actual Evapotranspiration from Cropland: Chapter 3","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote sensing handbook, Vol. III: Remote sensing of water resources, disasters, and urban studies","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","usgsCitation":"Biggs, T., Petropoulos, G.P., Velpuri, N.M., Marshall, M., Glenn, E.P., Nagler, P.L., and Messina, A., 2015, Remote Sensing of Actual Evapotranspiration from Cropland: Chapter 3, chap. of Remote sensing handbook, Vol. III: Remote sensing of water resources, disasters, and urban studies.","ipdsId":"IP-058217","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328705,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.crcpress.com/Remote-Sensing-of-Water-Resources-Disasters-and-Urban-Studies/Thenkabail-PhD/p/book/9781482217919#googlePreviewContainer"},{"id":328706,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7ee23e4b0bc0bec09e8a1","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Thenkabail, Prasad S. 0000-0002-2182-8822 pthenkabail@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2182-8822","contributorId":570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thenkabail","given":"Prasad","email":"pthenkabail@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648945,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Biggs, Trent","contributorId":152640,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Biggs","given":"Trent","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Petropoulos, George P.","contributorId":174669,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Petropoulos","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Velpuri, Naga Manohar 0000-0002-6370-1926 nvelpuri@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6370-1926","contributorId":4441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Velpuri","given":"Naga","email":"nvelpuri@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Manohar","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":648940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marshall, Michael","contributorId":65216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Glenn, Edward P.","contributorId":19289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glenn","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nagler, Pamela L. 0000-0003-0674-103X pnagler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0674-103X","contributorId":1398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagler","given":"Pamela","email":"pnagler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Messina, Alex","contributorId":174670,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Messina","given":"Alex","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70176171,"text":"70176171 - 2015 - Resolving bathymetry from airborne gravity along Greenland fjords","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-31T10:08:15","indexId":"70176171","displayToPublicDate":"2016-08-31T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Resolving bathymetry from airborne gravity along Greenland fjords","docAbstract":"Recent glacier mass loss in Greenland has been attributed to encroaching warming waters, but knowledge of fjord bathymetry is required to investigate this mechanism. The bathymetry in many Greenland fjords is unmapped and difficult to measure. From 2010 to 2012, National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Operation IceBridge collected a unique set of airborne gravity, magnetic, radar, and lidar data along the major outlet glaciers and fjords in Greenland. We applied a consistent technique using the IceBridge gravity data to create 90 bathymetric profiles along 54 Greenland fjords. We also used this technique to recover subice topography where warm or crevassed ice prevents the radar system from imaging the bed. Here we discuss our methodology, basic assumptions and error analysis. We present the new bathymetry data and discuss observations in six major regions of Greenland covered by IceBridge. The gravity models provide a total of 1950 line kilometers of bathymetry, 875 line kilometers of subice topography, and 12 new grounding line depths.
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Locations for this work were typically identified based on pronounced, recent ecosystem degradation that may at least partially be attributable to sustained coastal groundwater discharge. Our suite of tools used to evaluate groundwater discharge included select U/Th series radionuclides, a broad spectrum of geochemical analytes, multi-channel electrical resistivity, and in situ oceanographic observations.\nBased on the submarine groundwater discharge tracer 222Rn, coastal groundwater discharge rates ranged from about 22–50 cm per day at Kahekili, a site in the Ka’anapali region north of Lahaina in west Maui, while at Black Point in Maunalua Bay along southern O’ahu, coastal groundwater discharge rates ranged up to 700 cm per day, although the mean discharge rate at this site was 60 cm per day. The water chemistry of the discharging groundwater can be dramatically different than ambient seawater at both coastal sites. For example, at Kahekili the average concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved silicate (DSi) and total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) were roughly 188-, 36-, and 106-times higher in the discharging groundwater relative to ambient seawater, respectively. Such data extend our basic understanding of the physical controls on coastal groundwater discharge and provide an estimate of the magnitude and physical forcings of submarine groundwater discharge and associated trace metal and nutrient loads conveyed by this submarine route.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coastal research library: Groundwater in the coastal zones of Asia-Pacific","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer Netherlands","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/978-94-007-5648-9_3","usgsCitation":"Swarzenski, P.W., Dulaiova, H., Dalier, M., Glenn, C., C.G. 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