No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111098","usgsCitation":"Wilde, F.D., and Skrobialowski, S.C., 2011, U.S. Geological Survey protocol for sample collection in response to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, Gulf of Mexico, 2010: Sampling methods for water, sediment, benthic invertebrates, and microorganisms in coastal environments: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1098, viii, 101 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111098.","productDescription":"viii, 101 p.","costCenters":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116895,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1098.gif"},{"id":392465,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95210.htm"},{"id":204779,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1098/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.701171875,\n 26.27371402440643\n ],\n [\n -81.03515625,\n 26.27371402440643\n ],\n [\n -81.03515625,\n 31.240985378021307\n ],\n [\n -98.701171875,\n 31.240985378021307\n ],\n [\n -98.701171875,\n 26.27371402440643\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ae4b07f02db61221a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilde, Franceska D. fwilde@usgs.gov","contributorId":92240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilde","given":"Franceska","email":"fwilde@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skrobialowski, Stanley C. 0000-0001-8627-0279 sski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8627-0279","contributorId":1402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skrobialowski","given":"Stanley","email":"sski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":99275,"text":"ofr20111123 - 2011 - Estimation of bed-material transport in the lower Chetco River, Oregon, water years 2009-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-29T10:18:54","indexId":"ofr20111123","displayToPublicDate":"2011-05-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1123","title":"Estimation of bed-material transport in the lower Chetco River, Oregon, water years 2009-2010","docAbstract":"This assessment of bed-material transport uses methods developed in a previous study (Wallick and others, 2010) to estimate bed-material flux at the USGS Chetco River streamflow gaging station located at flood-plain kilometer 15 (14400000). On the basis of regressions between daily mean flow and transport capacity, daily bed-material flux was calculated for the period October 1, 2008 to March 30, 2011. The daily flux estimates were then aggregated by water year (WY) for WY 2009 and WY 2010 and the period April 1-March 31 during 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010-11. The main findings were: \n\n*Estimated bed-material flux for WY 2009 (October 1, 2008 to September 30, 2009) was 87,300 metric tons as calculated by the Parker (1990a, b) equation (hereinafter \\'the Parker equation\\') and 116,900 metric tons as calculated by the Wilcock and Crowe (2003) equation (hereinafter \\'the Wilcock-Crowe equation\\'). \n*Estimated bed-material flux for water year 2010 (October 1, 2008 to September 30, 2009) was 56,800 metric tons as calculated by the Parker equation and 96,700 metric tons as calculated by the Wilcock-Crowe equation. \n*Estimated bed-material flux for April 1, 2008, to March 31, 2009, was 84,700 metric tons as calculated by the Parker equation and 111,700 metric tons as calculated by the Wilcock-Crowe equation. Flux values from April 1 to September 30, 2008, are from Wallick and others (2010). \n*Estimated bed-material flux for April 1, 2009, to March 31, 2010, was 45,500 metric tons as calculated by the Parker equation and 79,100 metric tons as calculated by the Wilcock-Crowe equation. \n*Estimated bed-material flux for April 1, 2010, to March 31, 2011, was 67,100 metric tons as calculated by the Parker equation and 134,300 metric tons as calculated by the Wilcock-Crowe equation. These calculations used provisional flow data for December 29, 2010, to March 31, 2011, and may be subject to revision. \n*Water years 2009 and 2010 both had less bed-material transport than the average annual transport values of 105,300 and 152,300 metric tons for the period 1970-2010 as calculated by the Parker and Wilcock-Crowe equations, respectively.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111123","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the Oregon Department of State Lands\r\n","usgsCitation":"Wallick, J., and O'Connor, J., 2011, Estimation of bed-material transport in the lower Chetco River, Oregon, water years 2009-2010: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1123, vi, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111123.","productDescription":"vi, 12 p.","numberOfPages":"21","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116908,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1123.gif"},{"id":204777,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1123/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Chetco River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.30240631103514,\n 42.03679931146698\n ],\n [\n -124.1513442993164,\n 42.03679931146698\n ],\n [\n -124.1513442993164,\n 42.14125958838083\n ],\n [\n -124.30240631103514,\n 42.14125958838083\n ],\n [\n -124.30240631103514,\n 42.03679931146698\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e0e4b07f02db5e4788","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wallick, J. Rose 0000-0002-9392-272X rosewall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9392-272X","contributorId":3583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallick","given":"J. Rose","email":"rosewall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O'Connor, Jim E. 0000-0002-7928-5883 oconnor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7928-5883","contributorId":140771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Connor","given":"Jim E.","email":"oconnor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":307956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":99274,"text":"ofr20111116 - 2011 - Rapid estimation of the economic consequences of global earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-29T20:24:57.519343","indexId":"ofr20111116","displayToPublicDate":"2011-05-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1116","title":"Rapid estimation of the economic consequences of global earthquakes","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Prompt Assessment of Global Earthquakes for Response (PAGER) system, operational since mid 2007, rapidly estimates the most affected locations and the population exposure at different levels of shaking intensities. The PAGER system has significantly improved the way aid agencies determine the scale of response needed in the aftermath of an earthquake. For example, the PAGER exposure estimates provided reasonably accurate assessments of the scale and spatial extent of the damage and losses following the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake (Mw 7.9) in China, the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake (Mw 6.3) in Italy, the 2010 Haiti earthquake (Mw 7.0), and the 2010 Chile earthquake (Mw 8.8).\r\n\r\nNevertheless, some engineering and seismological expertise is often required to digest PAGER's exposure estimate and turn it into estimated fatalities and economic losses. This has been the focus of PAGER's most recent development.\r\n\r\nWith the new loss-estimation component of the PAGER system it is now possible to produce rapid estimation of expected fatalities for global earthquakes (Jaiswal and others, 2009). While an estimate of earthquake fatalities is a fundamental indicator of potential human consequences in developing countries (for example, Iran, Pakistan, Haiti, Peru, and many others), economic consequences often drive the responses in much of the developed world (for example, New Zealand, the United States, and Chile), where the improved structural behavior of seismically resistant buildings significantly reduces earthquake casualties.\r\n\r\nRapid availability of estimates of both fatalities and economic losses can be a valuable resource. The total time needed to determine the actual scope of an earthquake disaster and to respond effectively varies from country to country. It can take days or sometimes weeks before the damage and consequences of a disaster can be understood both socially and economically. The objective of the U.S. Geological Survey's PAGER system is to reduce this time gap to more rapidly and effectively mobilize response.\r\n\r\nWe present here a procedure to rapidly and approximately ascertain the economic impact immediately following a large earthquake anywhere in the world. In principle, the approach presented is similar to the empirical fatality estimation methodology proposed and implemented by Jaiswal and others (2009). In order to estimate economic losses, we need an assessment of the economic exposure at various levels of shaking intensity. The economic value of all the physical assets exposed at different locations in a given area is generally not known and extremely difficult to compile at a global scale. In the absence of such a dataset, we first estimate the total Gross Domestic Product (GDP) exposed at each shaking intensity by multiplying the per-capita GDP of the country by the total population exposed at that shaking intensity level. We then scale the total GDP estimated at each intensity by an exposure correction factor, which is a multiplying factor to account for the disparity between wealth and/or economic assets to the annual GDP. The economic exposure obtained using this procedure is thus a proxy estimate for the economic value of the actual inventory that is exposed to the earthquake. The economic loss ratio, defined in terms of a country-specific lognormal cumulative distribution function of shaking intensity, is derived and calibrated against the losses from past earthquakes. This report describes the development of a country or region-specific economic loss ratio model using economic loss data available for global earthquakes from 1980 to 2007. The proposed model is a potential candidate for directly estimating economic losses within the currently-operating PAGER system. PAGER's other loss models use indirect methods that require substantially more data (such as building/asset inventories, vulnerabilities, and the asset values exposed at the time of earthquake) to implement on a global basis and will thus take more time to develop and implement within the PAGER system.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111116","usgsCitation":"Jaiswal, K., and Wald, D.J., 2011, Rapid estimation of the economic consequences of global earthquakes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1116, iv, 47 p.; 2 Appendixes, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111116.","productDescription":"iv, 47 p.; 2 Appendixes","costCenters":[{"id":301,"text":"Geologic Hazards Team","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116906,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1116.png"},{"id":204776,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1116/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":409813,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95202.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649616","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jaiswal, Kishor kjaiswal@usgs.gov","contributorId":861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaiswal","given":"Kishor","email":"kjaiswal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":307954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wald, David J. 0000-0002-1454-4514 wald@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-4514","contributorId":795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wald","given":"David","email":"wald@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":99276,"text":"ofr20101077 - 2011 - Geochemical and stable isotopic data on barren and mineralized drill core in the Devonian Popovich Formation, Screamer sector of the Betze-Post gold deposit, northern Carlin trend, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-29T21:11:15.454446","indexId":"ofr20101077","displayToPublicDate":"2011-05-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1077","title":"Geochemical and stable isotopic data on barren and mineralized drill core in the Devonian Popovich Formation, Screamer sector of the Betze-Post gold deposit, northern Carlin trend, Nevada","docAbstract":"The Devonian Popovich Formation is the major host for Carlin-type gold deposits in the northern Carlin trend of Nevada. The Popovich is composed of gray to black, thin-bedded, calcareous to dolomitic mudstone and limestone deposited near the carbonate platform margin. Carlin-type gold deposits are Eocene, disseminated, auriferous pyrite deposits characterized by acid leaching, sulfidation, and silicification that are typically hosted in Paleozoic calcareous sedimentary rocks exposed in windows through siliceous sedimentary rocks of the Roberts Mountains allochthon. The Carlin trend currently is the largest gold producer in the United States. The Screamer ore zone is a tabular body on the periphery of the huge Betze-Post gold deposit. Screamer is a good place to study both the original lithogeochemistry of the Popovich Formation and the effects of subsequent alteration and mineralization because it is below the level of supergene oxidation, mostly outside the contact metamorphic aureole of the Jurassic Goldstrike stock, has small, high-grade ore zones along fractures and Jurassic dikes, and has intervening areas with lower grade mineralization and barren rock. In 1997, prior to mining at Screamer, drill core intervals from barren and mineralized Popovich Formation were selected for geochemical and stable isotope analysis. The 332, five-foot core samples analyzed are from five holes separated by as much as 2000 feet (600 meters). The samples extend from the base of the Wispy unit up through the Planar and Soft sediment deformation units into the lower part of the upper Mud unit of the Popovich Formation.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101077","usgsCitation":"Christiansen, W., Hofstra, A.H., Zohar, P.B., and Tousignant, G., 2011, Geochemical and stable isotopic data on barren and mineralized drill core in the Devonian Popovich Formation, Screamer sector of the Betze-Post gold deposit, northern Carlin trend, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1077, Report: iii, 11 p.; 2 Tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101077.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 11 p.; 2 Tables","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407658,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95203.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":204778,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1077/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":116907,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1077.png"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"northern Carlin trend","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.4458,\n 40.5744\n ],\n [\n -115.8958,\n 40.5744\n ],\n [\n -115.8958,\n 41.1833\n ],\n [\n -116.4458,\n 41.1833\n ],\n [\n -116.4458,\n 40.5744\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae69d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christiansen, William D.","contributorId":69688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christiansen","given":"William D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hofstra, Albert H. 0000-0002-2450-1593 ahofstra@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-1593","contributorId":1302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hofstra","given":"Albert","email":"ahofstra@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zohar, Pamela B.","contributorId":24070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zohar","given":"Pamela","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tousignant, Gilles","contributorId":24071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tousignant","given":"Gilles","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":99271,"text":"ofr20111073 - 2011 - Global multi-resolution terrain elevation data 2010 (GMTED2010)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:58","indexId":"ofr20111073","displayToPublicDate":"2011-05-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1073","title":"Global multi-resolution terrain elevation data 2010 (GMTED2010)","docAbstract":"In 1996, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) developed a global topographic elevation model designated as GTOPO30 at a horizontal resolution of 30 arc-seconds for the entire Earth. Because no single source of topographic information covered the entire land surface, GTOPO30 was derived from eight raster and vector sources that included a substantial amount of U.S. Defense Mapping Agency data. The quality of the elevation data in GTOPO30 varies widely; there are no spatially-referenced metadata, and the major topographic features such as ridgelines and valleys are not well represented. Despite its coarse resolution and limited attributes, GTOPO30 has been widely used for a variety of hydrological, climatological, and geomorphological applications as well as military applications, where a regional, continental, or global scale topographic model is required. These applications have ranged from delineating drainage networks and watersheds to using digital elevation data for the extraction of topographic structure and three-dimensional (3D) visualization exercises (Jenson and Domingue, 1988; Verdin and Greenlee, 1996; Lehner and others, 2008). Many of the fundamental geophysical processes active at the Earth's surface are controlled or strongly influenced by topography, thus the critical need for high-quality terrain data (Gesch, 1994). U.S. Department of Defense requirements for mission planning, geographic registration of remotely sensed imagery, terrain visualization, and map production are similarly dependent on global topographic data.\r\n\r\nSince the time GTOPO30 was completed, the availability of higher-quality elevation data over large geographic areas has improved markedly. New data sources include global Digital Terrain Elevation Data (DTEDRegistered) from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), Canadian elevation data, and data from the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat). Given the widespread use of GTOPO30 and the equivalent 30-arc-second DTEDRegistered level 0, the USGS and the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) have collaborated to produce an enhanced replacement for GTOPO30, the Global Land One-km Base Elevation (GLOBE) model and other comparable 30-arc-second-resolution global models, using the best available data. The new model is called the Global Multi-resolution Terrain Elevation Data 2010, or GMTED2010 for short. This suite of products at three different resolutions (approximately 1,000, 500, and 250 meters) is designed to support many applications directly by providing users with generic products (for example, maximum, minimum, and median elevations) that have been derived directly from the raw input data that would not be available to the general user or would be very costly and time-consuming to produce for individual applications. The source of all the elevation data is captured in metadata for reference purposes. It is also hoped that as better data become available in the future, the GMTED2010 model will be updated.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111073","usgsCitation":"Danielson, J.J., and Gesch, D.B., 2011, Global multi-resolution terrain elevation data 2010 (GMTED2010): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1073, iv, 23 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111073.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p.; Appendix","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116894,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1073.jpg"},{"id":204774,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1073/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abee4b07f02db674b19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Danielson, Jeffrey J. 0000-0003-0907-034X daniels@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0907-034X","contributorId":3996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danielson","given":"Jeffrey","email":"daniels@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gesch, Dean B. 0000-0002-8992-4933 gesch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8992-4933","contributorId":2956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gesch","given":"Dean","email":"gesch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":99269,"text":"ofr20111093 - 2011 - Digital geologic map and Landsat image map of parts of Loralai, Sibi, Quetta, and Khuzar Divisions, Balochistan Province, west-central Pakistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:08","indexId":"ofr20111093","displayToPublicDate":"2011-05-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1093","title":"Digital geologic map and Landsat image map of parts of Loralai, Sibi, Quetta, and Khuzar Divisions, Balochistan Province, west-central Pakistan","docAbstract":"This generalized digital geologic map of west-central Pakistan is a product of the Balochistan Coal-Basin Synthesis Study, which was part of a cooperative program of the Geological Survey of Pakistan and the United States Geological Survey. The original nondigital map was published by Maldonado and others (1998). Funding was provided by the Government of Pakistan and the United States Agency for International Development. The sources of geologic map data are primarily 1:253,440-scale geologic maps obtained from Hunting Survey Corporation (1961) and the geologic map of the Muslim Bagh Ophiolite Complex and Bagh Complex area. The geology was modified based on reconnaissance field work and photo interpretation of 1:250,000-scale Landsat Thematic Mapper photo image. The descriptions and thicknesses of map units were based on published and unpublished reports and converted to U.S. Geological Survey format. In the nomenclature of the Geological Survey of Pakistan, there is both an Urak Group and an Urak Formation. \r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111093","usgsCitation":"Maldonado, F., Menga, J.M., Khan, S.H., and Thomas, J., 2011, Digital geologic map and Landsat image map of parts of Loralai, Sibi, Quetta, and Khuzar Divisions, Balochistan Province, west-central Pakistan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1093, 2 Map Sheets; Map Sheet 1:63.11 inches x 49.46 inches; Map Sheet 2: 32.49 inches x 32.56 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111093.","productDescription":"2 Map Sheets; Map Sheet 1:63.11 inches x 49.46 inches; Map Sheet 2: 32.49 inches x 32.56 inches","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116113,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1093.png"},{"id":204772,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1093/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"250000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 66.5,29.5 ], [ 66.5,31 ], [ 68.5,31 ], [ 68.5,29.5 ], [ 66.5,29.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b31e4b07f02db6b419d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maldonado, Florian fmaldona@usgs.gov","contributorId":805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maldonado","given":"Florian","email":"fmaldona@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":307944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Menga, Jan Mohammad","contributorId":65886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menga","given":"Jan","email":"","middleInitial":"Mohammad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Khan, Shabid Hasan","contributorId":106939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Khan","given":"Shabid","email":"","middleInitial":"Hasan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thomas, Jean-Claude","contributorId":58307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Jean-Claude","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":99263,"text":"ofr20111091 - 2011 - Distribution of Fecal Indicator Bacteria along the Malibu, California, Coastline","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:14","indexId":"ofr20111091","displayToPublicDate":"2011-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1091","title":"Distribution of Fecal Indicator Bacteria along the Malibu, California, Coastline","docAbstract":"Each year, over 550 million people visit California's public beaches. To protect beach-goers from exposure to waterborne disease, California state law requires water-quality monitoring for fecal indicator bacteria (FIB), such as enterococci and Escherichia coli (E. coli), at beaches having more than 50,000 yearly visitors. FIB are used to assess the microbiological quality of water because, although not typically disease causing, they are correlated with the occurrence of certain waterborne diseases. Tests show that FIB concentrations occasionally exceed U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) public health standards for recreational water in Malibu Lagoon and at several Malibu beaches (Regional Water Quality Control Board, 2009).\r\nScientists from the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) California Water Science Center are doing a study to identify the distribution and sources of FIB in coastal Malibu waters (fig. 1). The study methods were similar to those used in a study of FIB contamination on beaches in the Santa Barbara, California, area (Izbicki and others, 2009). This report describes the study approach and presents preliminary results used to evaluate the distribution and source of FIB in the Malibu area. Results of this study will help decision-makers address human health issues associated with FIB contamination in Malibu, and the methods used in this study can be used in other coastal areas affected by FIB contamination.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111091","collaboration":"In cooperation with the City of Malibu","usgsCitation":"Izbicki, J., 2011, Distribution of Fecal Indicator Bacteria along the Malibu, California, Coastline: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1091, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111091.","productDescription":"8 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116950,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1091.jpg"},{"id":14679,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1091/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db649204","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Izbicki, John 0000-0003-0816-4408","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0816-4408","contributorId":91905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izbicki","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":99261,"text":"ofr20111045 - 2011 - The dynamics of fine-grain sediment dredged from Santa Cruz Harbor","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-08T20:32:23.510399","indexId":"ofr20111045","displayToPublicDate":"2011-05-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1045","title":"The dynamics of fine-grain sediment dredged from Santa Cruz Harbor","docAbstract":"In the fall and early winter of 2009, a demonstration project was done at Santa Cruz Harbor, California, to determine if 450 m3/day of predominantly (71 percent) mud-sized sediment could be dredged from the inner portion of the harbor and discharged to the coastal ocean without significant impacts to the beach and inner shelf. During the project, more than 7600 m3 of sediment (~5400 m3 of fine-grain material) was dredged during 17 days and discharged approximately 60 m offshore of the harbor at a depth of 2 m on the inner shelf. The U.S. Geological Survey’s Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center was funded by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the Santa Cruz Port District to do an integrated mapping and process study to investigate the fate of the mud-sized sediment dredged from the inner portion of Santa Cruz Harbor and to determine if any of the fine-grain material settled out on the shoreline and/or inner shelf during the fall and early winter of 2009. This was done by collecting high resolution oceanographic and sediment geochemical measurements along the shoreline and on the continental shelf of northern Monterey Bay to monitor the fine-grain sediment dredged from Santa Cruz Harbor and discharged onto the inner shelf. These in place measurements, in conjunction with beach, water column, and seabed surveys, were used as boundary and calibration information for a three-dimensional numerical circulation and sediment dynamics model to better understand the fate of the fine-grain sediment dredged from Santa Cruz Harbor and the potential consequences of disposing this type of material on the beach and on the northern Monterey Bay continental shelf.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111045","usgsCitation":"Storlazzi, C., Conaway, C., Presto, M., Logan, J., Cronin, K., van Ormondt, M., Lescinski, J., Harden, E.L., Lacy, J.R., and Tonnon, P.K., 2011, The dynamics of fine-grain sediment dredged from Santa Cruz Harbor: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1045, v, 110 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111045.","productDescription":"v, 110 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116949,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1045.gif"},{"id":406399,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95194.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":14677,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1045/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Santa Cruz Harbor","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.028751373291,\n 36.930271781871554\n ],\n [\n -121.98858261108397,\n 36.930271781871554\n ],\n [\n -121.98858261108397,\n 36.964294867385455\n ],\n [\n -122.028751373291,\n 36.964294867385455\n ],\n [\n -122.028751373291,\n 36.930271781871554\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4e08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":77889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conaway, Christopher H.","contributorId":52620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conaway","given":"Christopher H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Presto, M. Katherine","contributorId":30192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Presto","given":"M. Katherine","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Logan, Joshua B.","contributorId":34470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Logan","given":"Joshua B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cronin, Katherine","contributorId":27505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"Katherine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"van Ormondt, Maarten","contributorId":50181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Ormondt","given":"Maarten","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lescinski, Jamie","contributorId":35371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lescinski","given":"Jamie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Harden, E. Lynne","contributorId":54639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Lynne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lacy, Jessica R. 0000-0002-2797-6172 jlacy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-6172","contributorId":3158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacy","given":"Jessica","email":"jlacy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Tonnon, Pieter K.","contributorId":79525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tonnon","given":"Pieter","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":99254,"text":"ofr20111109 - 2011 - Avian community responses to juniper woodland structure and thinning treatments on the Colorado Plateau","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-25T14:02:27","indexId":"ofr20111109","displayToPublicDate":"2011-05-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1109","title":"Avian community responses to juniper woodland structure and thinning treatments on the Colorado Plateau","docAbstract":"Federal land managers are increasingly implementing fuels-reduction treatments throughout the western United States with objectives of ecological restoration and fire hazard reduction in pinyon-juniper (Pinus spp.-Juniperus spp.) woodlands. The pinyon-juniper woodland ecosystem complex is highly variable across the western landscape, as is bird community composition. We investigated relations between breeding birds and vegetation characteristics in modified pinyon-juniper woodlands at three sites (BLM, USFS, NPS) on the Colorado Plateau. During the breeding seasons of 2005 and 2006, we surveyed birds and measured vegetation in 74 study plots. These plots were each 3.1 hectares (ha; 7.6 acres), located across the range of natural variation, with 41 control sites and 33 plots in areas previously thinned by hand-cutting or chaining. We found that relations of avian pinyon-juniper specialists and priority species to vegetation characteristics were generally in agreement with the findings of previous studies and known nesting and feeding habits of those birds. Relatively high density of pinyon pines was important to species richness and abundance in 6 of 14 species. Abundance of all species was related to treatment method, and we found no difference in bird communities at chaining and hand-cut sites.\nWe also studied responses of breeding birds to mechanical reduction of pinyon-juniper woodlands scattered across sagebrush steppe in 11 control and 9 treatment plots at Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument, Utah, in 2005 and 2006. We surveyed birds in 3.1-ha (7.6-acre) plots during the breeding season before and following treatment. Thinning in April 2006 removed a mean of 92 percent (standard error = 6.4 percent) of the live trees from treatment plots. Two of 14 species, Gray Vireo (Vireo vicinior) and Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater), were not detected after thinning. Shrub-nesting birds, including sagebrush specialist Brewer's Sparrow (Spizella breweri), increased in relative abundance in treatment areas compared to controls. However, some species may exhibit a time lag in response, and further changes in community composition and abundance could result. Our findings lend support to the concept that multiple small-scale fuels-reduction treatments, applied over the landscape, may provide the variety of successional stages needed to support a full assemblage of avian species in pinyon-juniper woodlands on the Colorado Plateau. Limiting scale and increasing precision of fuels-reduction projects in pinyon-juniper vegetation communities may maximize the benefits of management to both the pinyon-juniper and sagebrush steppe avian communities. We conclude that small-scale fuels-reduction treatments can benefit many bird species while reducing fire risk and restoring an ecological balance.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111109","collaboration":"In cooperation with The University of Arizona, School of Natural Resources and the Environment","usgsCitation":"Crow, C., and van Riper, C., 2011, Avian community responses to juniper woodland structure and thinning treatments on the Colorado Plateau: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1109, v, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111109.","productDescription":"v, 32 p.","numberOfPages":"37","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116927,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1109.gif"},{"id":14670,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1109/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a94e4b07f02db659402","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crow, Claire","contributorId":103778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crow","given":"Claire","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"van Riper, Charles III 0000-0003-1084-5843 charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-5843","contributorId":169488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Riper","given":"Charles","suffix":"III","email":"charles_van_riper@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":307879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":9001494,"text":"ofr20111107 - 2011 - Seasonal distribution and aerial surveys of mountain goats in Mount Rainier, North Cascades, and Olympic National Parks, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-11T11:15:12","indexId":"ofr20111107","displayToPublicDate":"2011-05-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1107","title":"Seasonal distribution and aerial surveys of mountain goats in Mount Rainier, North Cascades, and Olympic National Parks, Washington","docAbstract":"We described the seasonal distribution of Geographic Positioning System (GPS)-collared mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) in Mount Rainier, North Cascades, and Olympic National Parks to evaluate aerial survey sampling designs and provide general information for park managers. This work complemented a companion study published elsewhere of aerial detection biases of mountain goat surveys in western Washington. Specific objectives reported here were to determine seasonal and altitudinal movements, home range distributions, and temporal dynamics of mountain goat movements in and out of aerial survey sampling frames established within each park. We captured 25 mountain goats in Mount Rainier (9), North Cascades (5), and Olympic (11) National Parks, and fitted them with GPS-collars programmed to obtain 6-8 locations daily. We obtained location data on 23 mountain goats for a range of 39-751 days from 2003 to 2008. Altitudinal distributions of GPS-collared mountain goats varied individually and seasonally, but median altitudes used by individual goats during winter ranged from 817 to 1,541 meters in Olympic and North Cascades National Parks, and 1,215 to 1,787 meters in Mount Rainier National Park. Median altitudes used by GPS-collared goats during summer ranged from 1,312 to 1,819 meters in Olympic and North Cascades National Parks, and 1,780 to 2,061 meters in Mount Rainier National Park. GPS-collared mountain goats generally moved from low-altitude winter ranges to high-altitude summer ranges between June 11 and June 19 (range April 24-July 3) and from summer to winter ranges between October 26 and November 9 (range September 11-December 23). Seasonal home ranges (95 percent of adaptive kernel utilization distribution) of males and female mountain goats were highly variable, ranging from 1.6 to 37.0 kilometers during summers and 0.7 to 9.5 kilometers during winters. Locations of GPS-collared mountain goats were almost 100 percent within the sampling frame used for mountain goat surveys in Mount Rainier National Park, whereas generally greater than 80 and greater than 60 percent of locations were within sampling units delineated in North Cascades and Olympic National Parks, respectively. Presence of GPS-collared mountain goats within the sampling frame of Olympic National Park varied by diurnal period (midday versus crepuscular), survey season (July versus September), and the interaction of diurnal period and survey season. Aerial surveys conducted in developing a sightability model for mountain goat aerial surveys indicated mean detection probabilities of 0.69, 0.76, and 0.87 in North Cascades, Olympic, and Mount Rainier National Parks, respectively. Higher detection probabilities in Mount Rainier likely reflected larger group sizes and more open habitat conditions than in North Cascades and Olympic National Parks. Use of sightability models will reduce biases of population estimates in each park, but resulting population estimates must still be considered minimum population estimates in Olympic and North Cascades National Parks because the current sampling frames do not encompass those populations completely. Because mountain goats were reliably present within the sampling frame in Mount Rainier National Park, we found no compelling need to adjust mountain goat survey boundaries in that park. Expanding survey coverage in North Cascades and Olympic National Parks to more reliably encompass the altitudinal distribution of mountain goats during summer would enhance population estimation accuracy in the future. Lowering the altitude boundary of mountain goat survey units by as little as 100 meters to 1,425 meters in Olympic National Park would increase mountain goat presence within the survey and reduce variation in counts related to movements of mountain goats outside the survey boundaries.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111107","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. National Park Service and Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife","usgsCitation":"Jenkins, K., Beirne, K., Happe, P., Hoffman, R., Rice, C., and Schaberl, J., 2011, Seasonal distribution and aerial surveys of mountain goats in Mount Rainier, North Cascades, and Olympic National Parks, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1107, vi, 26 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111107.","productDescription":"vi, 26 p.; Appendices","numberOfPages":"56","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116945,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1107.jpg"},{"id":19865,"rank":200,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1107","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":298139,"rank":201,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1107/pdf/ofr20111107.pdf","text":"Report","size":"30 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abde4b07f02db673e5b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jenkins, Kurt","contributorId":30681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Kurt","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":344622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beirne, Katherine","contributorId":58754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beirne","given":"Katherine","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Happe, Patricia","contributorId":83248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Happe","given":"Patricia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hoffman, Roger","contributorId":102192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"Roger","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rice, Cliff","contributorId":99272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Cliff","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schaberl, Jim","contributorId":49093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaberl","given":"Jim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":9001495,"text":"ofr20111079 - 2011 - Assessment of soil-gas and soil contamination at the South Prong Creek Disposal Area, Fort Gordon, Georgia, 2009-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:40","indexId":"ofr20111079","displayToPublicDate":"2011-05-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1079","title":"Assessment of soil-gas and soil contamination at the South Prong Creek Disposal Area, Fort Gordon, Georgia, 2009-2010","docAbstract":"Soil gas and soil were assessed for contaminants at the South Prong Creek Disposal Area at Fort Gordon, Georgia, from October 2009 to September 2010. The assessment included identifying and delineating organic contaminants present in soil-gas and inorganic contaminants present in soil samples collected from the area estimated to be the South Prong Creek Disposal Area, including two seeps and the hyporheic zone. This assessment was conducted to provide environmental contamination data to Fort Gordon personnel pursuant to requirements for the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Part B Hazardous Waste Permit process. All soil-gas samplers in the two seeps and the hyporheic zone contained total petroleum hydrocarbons above the method detection level. The highest total petroleum hydrocarbon concentration detected from the two seeps was 54.23 micrograms per liter, and the highest concentration in the hyporheic zone was 344.41 micrograms per liter. The soil-gas samplers within the boundary of the South Prong Creek Disposal Area and along the unnamed road contained total petroleum hydrocarbon mass above the method detection level. The highest total petroleum hydrocarbon mass detected was 147.09 micrograms in a soil-gas sampler near the middle of the unnamed road that traverses the South Prong Creek Disposal Area. The highest undecane mass detected was 4.48 micrograms near the location of the highest total petroleum hydrocarbon mass. Some soil-gas samplers detected undecane mass greater than the method detection level of 0.04 micrograms, with the highest detection of toluene mass of 109.72 micrograms in the same location as the highest total petroleum hydrocarbon mass. Soil-gas samplers installed in areas of high contaminant mass had no detections of explosives and chemical agents above their respective method detection levels. Inorganic concentrations in five soil samples did not exceed regional screening levels established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Barium concentrations, however, were up to four times higher than the background concentrations reported in similar Coastal Plain sediments of South Carolina.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111079","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Army Environmental and Natural Resources Management Office of the U.S. Army Signal Center and Fort Gordon","usgsCitation":"Caldwell, A.W., Falls, W.F., Guimaraes, W.B., Ratliff, W.H., Wellborn, J.B., and Landmeyer, J., 2011, Assessment of soil-gas and soil contamination at the South Prong Creek Disposal Area, Fort Gordon, Georgia, 2009-2010: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1079, vi, 34 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111079.","productDescription":"vi, 34 p. 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The assessment included identifying and delineating organic contaminants present in soil-gas samplers from the area estimated to be the Patterson Anti-Tank Range and in the hyporheic zone and floodplain of Brier Creek. This assessment was conducted to provide environmental contamination data to Fort Gordon personnel pursuant to requirements for the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Part B Hazardous Waste Permit process. Soil-gas samplers in the hyporheic zone and floodplain of Brier Creek contained total petroleum hydrocarbons, benzene, octane, and pentadecane concentrations above method detection levels. All soil-gas samplers within the boundary of the Patterson Anti-Tank Range contained total petroleum hydrocarbons above the method detection level. The highest total petroleum hydrocarbon mass detected was 147.09 micrograms in a soil-gas sampler located near the middle of the site and near the remnants of a manmade earthen mound and trench. The highest toluene mass detected was 1.04 micrograms and was located in the center of the Patterson Anti-Tank Range and coincides with a manmade earthen mound. Some soil-gas samplers installed detected undecane masses greater than the method detection level of 0.04 microgram, with the highest detection of soil-gas undecane mass of 58.64 micrograms collected along the southern boundary of the site. Some soil-gas samplers were installed in areas of high-contaminant mass to assess for explosives and chemical agents. Explosives or chemical agents were not detected above their respective method detection levels for all soil-gas samplers installed.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111081","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Army Environmental and Natural Resources Management Office of the U.S. Army Signal Center and Fort Gordon","usgsCitation":"Caldwell, A.W., Falls, W.F., Guimaraes, W.B., Ratliff, W.H., Wellborn, J.B., and Landmeyer, J., 2011, Assessment of soil-gas and soil contamination at the Patterson Anti-Tank Range, Fort Gordon, Georgia, 2009-2010: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1081, vi, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111081.","productDescription":"vi, 40 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116944,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1081.jpg"},{"id":19275,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1081/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9fe4b07f02db660ff6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Caldwell, Andral W. 0000-0003-1269-5463 acaldwel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-5463","contributorId":3228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Andral","email":"acaldwel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Falls, W. 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Hagan","contributorId":60347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ratliff","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Hagan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wellborn, John B.","contributorId":24822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wellborn","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Landmeyer, James 0000-0002-5640-3816 jlandmey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5640-3816","contributorId":3257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landmeyer","given":"James","email":"jlandmey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":9001491,"text":"ofr20101334 - 2011 - Preliminary geologic map of the Cottonwood Mountain quadrangle, Iron County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:50","indexId":"ofr20101334","displayToPublicDate":"2011-05-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1334","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Cottonwood Mountain quadrangle, Iron County, Utah","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101334","usgsCitation":"Maldonado, F., Anderson, J.J., and Biek, R.F., 2011, Preliminary geologic map of the Cottonwood Mountain quadrangle, Iron County, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1334, 1 Map: 43.00 inches x 38.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101334.","productDescription":"1 Map: 43.00 inches x 38.00 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":308,"text":"Geology and Environmental Change Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116943,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2010_1334.jpg"},{"id":14662,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1334/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bb0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maldonado, Florian fmaldona@usgs.gov","contributorId":805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maldonado","given":"Florian","email":"fmaldona@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":344613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, John J.","contributorId":74004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Biek, Robert F.","contributorId":16139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biek","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":99242,"text":"ofr20111103 - 2011 - Economic analysis of the 2010 U.S. Geological Survey assessment of undiscovered oil and gas in the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-31T10:37:03","indexId":"ofr20111103","displayToPublicDate":"2011-05-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1103","title":"Economic analysis of the 2010 U.S. Geological Survey assessment of undiscovered oil and gas in the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111103","usgsCitation":"Attanasi, E.D., and Freeman, P., 2011, Economic analysis of the 2010 U.S. Geological Survey assessment of undiscovered oil and gas in the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1103, iv, 34 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111103.","productDescription":"iv, 34 p.; Appendices","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116905,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1103.gif"},{"id":14657,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1103/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627a7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Attanasi, Emil D. 0000-0001-6845-7160 attanasi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6845-7160","contributorId":193092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Attanasi","given":"Emil","email":"attanasi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":307848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Freeman, Philip A. 0000-0002-0863-7431 pfreeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0863-7431","contributorId":193093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Philip A.","email":"pfreeman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":99243,"text":"ofr20111070 - 2011 - Selected streamflow statistics for streamgage locations in and near Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-09T08:26:23","indexId":"ofr20111070","displayToPublicDate":"2011-05-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1070","title":"Selected streamflow statistics for streamgage locations in and near Pennsylvania","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111070","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Marla H. 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The source of water to Montezuma Well, a flowing sinkhole in a desert setting, is poorly understood. Water emerges from the middle limestone facies of the lacustrine Verde Formation, but the precise origin of the water and its travel path are largely unknown. Some have proposed artesian flow to Montezuma Well through the Supai Formation, which is exposed along the eastern margin of the Verde Valley and underlies the Verde Formation. The groundwater recharge zone likely lies above the floor of the Verde Valley somewhere to the north or east of Montezuma Well, where precipitation is more abundant. Additional data from groundwater, surface water, and bedrock geology are required for Montezuma Well and the surrounding region to test the current conceptual ideas, to provide new details on the groundwater flow in the area, and to assist in future management decisions. The results of this research will provide information for long-term water resource management and the protection of water rights.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111063","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Johnson, R.H., DeWitt, E., Wirt, L., Arnold, L., and Horton, J.D., 2011, Water and rock geochemistry, geologic cross sections, geochemical modeling, and groundwater flow modeling for identifying the source of groundwater to Montezuma Well, a natural spring in central Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1063, x, 62 p.; Downloads Directory, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111063.","productDescription":"x, 62 p.; Downloads Directory","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116922,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1063.png"},{"id":14659,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1063/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Montezuma Well;Verde Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112,34.5 ], [ -112,35 ], [ -111.33333333333333,35 ], [ -111.33333333333333,34.5 ], [ -112,34.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49a1e4b07f02db5be02e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Raymond H. rhjohnso@usgs.gov","contributorId":707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Raymond","email":"rhjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":307850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeWitt, Ed","contributorId":65081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWitt","given":"Ed","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wirt, Laurie","contributorId":13204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirt","given":"Laurie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Arnold, L. Rick","contributorId":101613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arnold","given":"L. Rick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Horton, John D. 0000-0003-2969-9073 jhorton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2969-9073","contributorId":1227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"John","email":"jhorton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":99240,"text":"ofr20111108 - 2011 - Patterns of larval sucker emigration from the Sprague and lower Williamson Rivers of the Upper Klamath Basin, Oregon, prior to the removal of Chiloquin Dam-2007/2008 annual report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:55","indexId":"ofr20111108","displayToPublicDate":"2011-05-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1108","title":"Patterns of larval sucker emigration from the Sprague and lower Williamson Rivers of the Upper Klamath Basin, Oregon, prior to the removal of Chiloquin Dam-2007/2008 annual report","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111108","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Ellsworth, C.M., Banks, D.T., and VanderKooi, S., 2011, Patterns of larval sucker emigration from the Sprague and lower Williamson Rivers of the Upper Klamath Basin, Oregon, prior to the removal of Chiloquin Dam-2007/2008 annual report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1108, vi, 13 p.; Figures; Tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111108.","productDescription":"vi, 13 p.; Figures; Tables","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2007-01-01","temporalEnd":"2008-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116936,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1108.bmp"},{"id":14654,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1108/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db688aa2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellsworth, Craig M.","contributorId":14913,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Banks, David T.","contributorId":89271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"VanderKooi, Scott P.","contributorId":106584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanderKooi","given":"Scott P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":99237,"text":"ofr20111089 - 2011 - Data network, collection, and analysis in the Diamond Valley flow system, central Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:39","indexId":"ofr20111089","displayToPublicDate":"2011-04-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1089","title":"Data network, collection, and analysis in the Diamond Valley flow system, central Nevada","docAbstract":"Future groundwater development and its effect on future municipal, irrigation, and alternative energy uses in the Diamond Valley flow system are of concern for officials in Eureka County, Nevada. To provide a better understanding of the groundwater resources, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Eureka County, commenced a multi-phase study of the Diamond Valley flow system in 2005. Groundwater development primarily in southern Diamond Valley has resulted in water-level declines since the 1960s ranging from less than 5 to 100 feet. Groundwater resources in the Diamond Valley flow system outside of southern Diamond Valley have been relatively undeveloped.\r\n\r\nData collected during phase 2 of the study (2006-09) included micrometeorological data at 4 evapotranspiration stations, 3 located in natural vegetation and 1 located in an agricultural field; groundwater levels in 95 wells; water-quality constituents in aquifers and springs at 21 locations; lithologic information from 7 recently drilled wells; and geophysical logs from 3 well sites. This report describes what was accomplished during phase 2 of the study, provides the data collected, and presents the approaches to strengthen relations between evapotranspiration rates measured at micrometeorological stations and spatially distributed groundwater discharge. This report also presents the approach to improve delineation of areas of groundwater discharge and describes the current methodology used to improve the accuracy of spatially distributed groundwater discharge rates in the Diamond Valley flow system.\r\n","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111089","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Eureka County, Nevada\r\n","usgsCitation":"Knochenmus, L.A., Berger, D.L., Moreo, M.T., and Smith, J.L., 2011, Data network, collection, and analysis in the Diamond Valley flow system, central Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1089, vi, 22 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111089.","productDescription":"vi, 22 p.; Appendices","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116899,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1089.jpg"},{"id":14651,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1089/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c85d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knochenmus, Lari A. lari@usgs.gov","contributorId":301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knochenmus","given":"Lari","email":"lari@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":307834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berger, David L. dlberger@usgs.gov","contributorId":1861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"David","email":"dlberger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":307835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moreo, Michael T. 0000-0002-9122-6958 mtmoreo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9122-6958","contributorId":2363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moreo","given":"Michael","email":"mtmoreo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, J. LaRue jlsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":1863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"J.","email":"jlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"LaRue","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":307836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":99238,"text":"ofr20111092 - 2011 - Review and interpretation of previous work and new data on the hydrogeology of the Schwartzwalder Uranium Mine and vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-13T12:15:49","indexId":"ofr20111092","displayToPublicDate":"2011-04-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1092","title":"Review and interpretation of previous work and new data on the hydrogeology of the Schwartzwalder Uranium Mine and vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado","docAbstract":"The Schwartzwalder deposit is the largest known vein type uranium deposit in the United States. Located about eight miles northwest of Golden, Colorado it occurs in Proterozoic metamorphic rocks and was formed by hydrothermal fluid flow, mineralization, and deformation during the Laramide Orogeny. A complex brittle fault zone hosts the deposit comprising locally brecciated carbonate, oxide, and sulfide minerals. Mining of pitchblende, the primary ore mineral, began in 1953 and an extensive network of underground workings was developed. Mine dewatering, treatment of the effluent and its discharge into the adjacent Ralston Creek was done under State permit from about 1990 through about 2008. Mining and dewatering ceased in 2000 and natural groundwater rebound has filled the mine workings to a current elevation that is above Ralston Creek but that is still below the lowest ground level adit. Water in the 'mine pool' has concentrations of dissolved uranium in excess of 1,000 times the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency drinking-water standard of 30 milligrams per liter. Other dissolved constituents such as molybdenum, radium, and sulfate are also present in anomalously high concentrations. \r\n\r\nRalston Creek flows in a narrow valley containing Quaternary alluvium predominantly derived from weathering of crystalline bedrock including local mineralized rock. Just upstream of the mine site, two capped and unsaturated waste rock piles with high radioactivity sit on an alluvial terrace. As Ralston Creek flows past the mine site, a host of dissolved metal concentrations increase. Ralston Creek eventually discharges into Ralston Reservoir about 2.5 miles downstream. Because of highly elevated uranium concentrations, the State of Colorado issued an enforcement action against the mine permit holder requiring renewed collection and treatment of alluvial groundwater.\r\n\r\nAs part of planned mine reclamation, abundant data were collected and compiled into a report by Wyman and Effner (2007), which was to be used as a basis for eventual mine site closure. In 2010 the U.S. Geological Survey was asked by the State of Colorado to provide an objective and independent review of the Wyman and Effner (2007) report and to identify gaps in knowledge regarding the hydrogeology of the mine site. \r\n\r\nKey findings from the U.S. Geological Survey assessment include geological structural analysis indicating that although the primary uranium-hosting fault likely does not cross under Ralston Creek, many complex subsidiary faults do cross under Ralston Creek. It is unknown if any of these faults act as conduits for mine pool water to enter Ralston Creek. Reported bedrock permeabilities are low, but local hydraulic gradients are sufficient to potentially drive groundwater flow from the mine pool to the creek. Estimated average linear velocities for the full range of reported hydraulic conductivities indicate groundwater transit times from the mine pool to the creek on the order of a few months to about 3,800 years or 11 to 65 years using mean reported input values. These estimates do not account for geochemical reactions along any given flow path that may differentially enhance or retard movement of individual dissolved constituents. New reconnaissance data including 34S isotope and 234U/238U isotopic activity ratios show potentially distinctive signatures for the mine pool compared to local groundwater and Ralston Creek water above the mine site.\r\n\r\nAlthough the mine pool may be near an equilibrium elevation, evidence for groundwater recharge transients indicates inflow to the workings that are greater than outflow. There is not enough hydraulic head data adjacent to the mine workings to adequately constrain a final equilibrium elevation or to predict how several wet years in succession might affect variations in mine pool elevation. Although ground level adits are sealed with bulkheads, if the mine pool elevation were to rise slightly to the elevation of or abo","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111092","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Colorado Division of Reclamation, Mining, and Safety\r\n","usgsCitation":"Caine, J.S., Johnson, R.H., and Wild, E.C., 2011, Review and interpretation of previous work and new data on the hydrogeology of the Schwartzwalder Uranium Mine and vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1092, vi, 44 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111092.","productDescription":"vi, 44 p.; Appendix","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116904,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1092.png"},{"id":14652,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1092/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abde4b07f02db673e88","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Caine, Jonathan S. 0000-0002-7269-6989 jscaine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-6989","contributorId":1272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caine","given":"Jonathan","email":"jscaine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":307840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Raymond H. rhjohnso@usgs.gov","contributorId":707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Raymond","email":"rhjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":307838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wild, Emily C. 0000-0001-6157-7629 ecwild@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6157-7629","contributorId":1810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wild","given":"Emily","email":"ecwild@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5081,"text":"Libraries","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":307839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":9001474,"text":"ofr20111105 - 2011 - Review of samples of tailings, soils, and stream sediments adjacent to and downstream from the Ruth Mine, Inyo County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-10T21:54:17.533869","indexId":"ofr20111105","displayToPublicDate":"2011-04-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1105","title":"Review of samples of tailings, soils, and stream sediments adjacent to and downstream from the Ruth Mine, Inyo County, California","docAbstract":"The Ruth Mine and mill are located in the western Mojave Desert in Inyo County, California (fig. 1). The mill processed gold-silver (Au-Ag) ores mined from the Ruth Au-Ag deposit, which is adjacent to the mill site. The Ruth Au-Ag deposit is hosted in Mesozoic intrusive rocks and is similar to other Au-Ag deposits in the western Mojave Desert that are associated with Miocene volcanic centers that formed on a basement of Mesozoic granitic rocks (Bateman, 1907; Gardner, 1954; Rytuba, 1996). The volcanic rocks consist of silicic domes and associated flows, pyroclastic rocks, and subvolcanic intrusions (fig. 2) that were emplaced into Mesozoic silicic intrusive rocks (Troxel and Morton, 1962). The Ruth Mine is on Federal land managed by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM). Tailings from the mine have been eroded and transported downstream into Homewood Canyon and then into Searles Valley (figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6). The BLM provided recreational facilities at the mine site for day-use hikers and restored and maintained the original mine buildings in collaboration with local citizen groups for use by visitors (fig. 7). The BLM requested that the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in collaboration with Chapman University, measure arsenic (As) and other geochemical constituents in soils and tailings at the mine site and in stream sediments downstream from the mine in Homewood Canyon and in Searles Valley (fig. 3). The request was made because initial sampling of the site by BLM staff indicated high concentrations of As in tailings and soils adjacent to the Ruth Mine. This report summarizes data obtained from field sampling of mine tailings and soils adjacent to the Ruth Mine and stream sediments downstream from the mine on June 7, 2009. Our results permit a preliminary assessment of the sources of As and associated chemical constituents that could potentially impact humans and biota.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111105","usgsCitation":"Rytuba, J.J., Kim, C., and Goldstein, D., 2011, Review of samples of tailings, soils, and stream sediments adjacent to and downstream from the Ruth Mine, Inyo County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1105, v, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111105.","productDescription":"v, 37 p.","numberOfPages":"37","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":391590,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95191.htm"},{"id":19264,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1105/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":116902,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1105.gif"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Inyo County","otherGeospatial":"Ruth Mine","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.425,\n 35.8139\n ],\n [\n -117.3303,\n 35.8139\n ],\n [\n -117.3303,\n 35.9\n ],\n [\n -117.425,\n 35.9\n ],\n [\n -117.425,\n 35.8139\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e747","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rytuba, James J. jrytuba@usgs.gov","contributorId":3043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rytuba","given":"James","email":"jrytuba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kim, Christopher S.","contributorId":69258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"Christopher S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldstein, Daniel N.","contributorId":87671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"Daniel N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":9001479,"text":"ofr20111056 - 2011 - A comparison of mercury burdens between St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge and St. Andrew Bay, Florida: Evaluation of fish body burdens and physiological responses in largemouth bass, spotted seatrout, striped mullet, and sunfish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:49","indexId":"ofr20111056","displayToPublicDate":"2011-04-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1056","title":"A comparison of mercury burdens between St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge and St. Andrew Bay, Florida: Evaluation of fish body burdens and physiological responses in largemouth bass, spotted seatrout, striped mullet, and sunfish","docAbstract":"Musculature from the dorsal region of 130 largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), 140 sunfish (Lepomis sp.), 41 spotted seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus) and 67 striped mullet (Mugil cephalus) were collected from five estuarine and five freshwater sites within the St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge and two estuarine and two freshwater sites from St. Andrew Bay, Florida, United States of America. Musculature was analyzed for total mercury content, sagittal otoliths were removed for age determination and physiological responses were measured. Largemouth bass and sunfish from the refuge had higher mercury concentrations in musculature than those from the bay. Male spotted seatrout, male striped mullet, male and female sunfish and female largemouth bass had mercury burdens positively correlated with length. The majority of all four species of fish from both study areas contained mercury levels below 1.5 part per million, the limit for safe consumption recommended the Florida Department of Health. In comparison, a significant percentage of largemouth bass and sunfish from several sampled sites, most notably Otter Lake and Lake Renfroe within St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge, had mercury levels consistent with the health department's guidelines of 'limited consumption' or 'no consumption guidelines.'","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111056","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service\r\n","usgsCitation":"Huge, D., Rauschenberger, R., Wieser, F., and Hemming, J., 2011, A comparison of mercury burdens between St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge and St. Andrew Bay, Florida: Evaluation of fish body burdens and physiological responses in largemouth bass, spotted seatrout, striped mullet, and sunfish: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1056, v, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111056.","productDescription":"v, 35 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116896,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1056.jpg"},{"id":19270,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1056/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b27e4b07f02db6b0f7f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huge, D.H.","contributorId":36664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huge","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rauschenberger, R.H.","contributorId":93442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rauschenberger","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wieser, F.M.","contributorId":76868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieser","given":"F.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hemming, J.M.","contributorId":82831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hemming","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":99217,"text":"ofr20111097 - 2011 - CRMS vegetation analytical team framework: Methods for collection, development, and use of vegetation response variables","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:50","indexId":"ofr20111097","displayToPublicDate":"2011-04-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1097","title":"CRMS vegetation analytical team framework: Methods for collection, development, and use of vegetation response variables","docAbstract":"This document identifies the main objectives of the Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS) vegetation analytical team, which are to provide (1) collection and development methods for vegetation response variables and (2) the ways in which these response variables will be used to evaluate restoration project effectiveness. The vegetation parameters (that is, response variables) collected in CRMS and other coastal restoration projects funded under the Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Restoration Act (CWPPRA) are identified, and the field collection methods for these parameters are summarized. Existing knowledge on community and plant responses to changes in environmental drivers (for example, flooding and salinity) from published literature and from the CRMS and CWPPRA monitoring dataset are used to develop a suite of indices to assess wetland condition in coastal Louisiana. Two indices, the floristic quality index (FQI) and a productivity index, are described for herbaceous and forested vegetation. The FQI for herbaceous vegetation is tested with a long-term dataset from a CWPPRA marsh creation project. Example graphics for this index are provided and discussed. The other indices, an FQI for forest vegetation (that is, trees and shrubs) and productivity indices for herbaceous and forest vegetation, are proposed but not tested. New response variables may be added or current response variables removed as data become available and as our understanding of restoration success indicators develops.\r\n\r\nOnce indices are fully developed, each will be used by the vegetation analytical team to assess and evaluate CRMS/CWPPRA project and program effectiveness. The vegetation analytical teams plan to summarize their results in the form of written reports and/or graphics and present these items to CRMS Federal and State sponsors, restoration project managers, landowners, and other data users for their input.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111097","usgsCitation":"Cretini, K., Visser, J.M., Krauss, K.W., and Steyer, G.D., 2011, CRMS vegetation analytical team framework: Methods for collection, development, and use of vegetation response variables: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1097, vi, 60 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111097.","productDescription":"vi, 60 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116911,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1097.jpg"},{"id":14639,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1097/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9814","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cretini, Kari F. 0000-0003-0419-0748","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0419-0748","contributorId":106247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cretini","given":"Kari F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Visser, Jenneke M.","contributorId":90397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Visser","given":"Jenneke","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krauss, Ken W. 0000-0003-2195-0729 kraussk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":2017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","email":"kraussk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Steyer, Gregory D. 0000-0001-7231-0110 steyerg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7231-0110","contributorId":2856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steyer","given":"Gregory","email":"steyerg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5062,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":99219,"text":"ofr20111096 - 2011 - Results of an evaluation of the effectiveness of chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant for onsite household sewage treatment systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:24","indexId":"ofr20111096","displayToPublicDate":"2011-04-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1096","title":"Results of an evaluation of the effectiveness of chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant for onsite household sewage treatment systems","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111096","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with The Ohio State University","usgsCitation":"Kephart, C.M., and Stoeckel, D.M., 2011, Results of an evaluation of the effectiveness of chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant for onsite household sewage treatment systems: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1096, iv, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111096.","productDescription":"iv, 10 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":624,"text":"Water Resources","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116913,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1096.gif"},{"id":14641,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1096/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db624846","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kephart, Christopher M. 0000-0002-3369-5596 ckephart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3369-5596","contributorId":1932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kephart","given":"Christopher","email":"ckephart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":307807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stoeckel, Donald M.","contributorId":78384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoeckel","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":307808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":9001473,"text":"ofr20111034 - 2011 - Review of samples of sediments, tailings, and waters adjacent to the Cactus Queen Gold Mine, Kern County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-06T20:14:39.370659","indexId":"ofr20111034","displayToPublicDate":"2011-04-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1034","title":"Review of samples of sediments, tailings, and waters adjacent to the Cactus Queen Gold Mine, Kern County, California","docAbstract":"The Cactus Queen Mine is located in the western Mojave Desert in Kern County, California. The Cactus Queen gold-silver (Au-Ag) deposit is similar to other Au-Ag deposits hosted in Miocene volcanic rocks that consist of silicic domes and associated flows, pyroclastic rocks, and subvolcanic intrusions. The volcanic rocks were emplaced onto a basement of Mesozoic silicic intrusive rocks. A part of the Cactus Queen Mine is located on Federal land managed by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM). Staff from the BLM initially sampled the mine area and documented elevated concentrations of arsenic (As) in tailings and sediment. BLM then requested that the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in collaboration with Chapman University, measure and characterize As and other geochemical constituents in sediment, tailings, and waters on the part of the mine on Federal lands. This report is made in response to the request by the BLM, the lead agency mandated to conduct a Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) - Removal Site Investigation (RSI). The RSI applies to the potential removal of As-contaminated mine waste from the Cactus Queen Mine as a means of reducing As release and exposure to humans and biota. This report summarizes data obtained from field sampling of sediments, mine tailings, and surface waters at the Cactus Queen Mine on January 27, 2008. Our results provide a preliminary assessment of the sources of As and associated chemical constituents that could potentially impact humans and biota.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111034","usgsCitation":"Rytuba, J.J., Kim, C., and Goldstein, D., 2011, Review of samples of sediments, tailings, and waters adjacent to the Cactus Queen Gold Mine, Kern County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1034, v, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111034.","productDescription":"v, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1034.gif"},{"id":390293,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_95161.htm"},{"id":19263,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1034/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Kern County","otherGeospatial":"Cactus Queen Gold Mine","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.2964,\n 34.9472\n ],\n [\n -118.2542,\n 34.9472\n ],\n [\n -118.2542,\n 34.9817\n ],\n [\n -118.2964,\n 34.9817\n ],\n [\n -118.2964,\n 34.9472\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e745","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rytuba, James J. jrytuba@usgs.gov","contributorId":3043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rytuba","given":"James","email":"jrytuba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kim, Christopher S.","contributorId":69258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"Christopher S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldstein, Daniel N.","contributorId":87671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"Daniel N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":9001472,"text":"ofr20111064 - 2011 - Estimate of tephra accumulation probabilities for the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:51","indexId":"ofr20111064","displayToPublicDate":"2011-04-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2011-1064","title":"Estimate of tephra accumulation probabilities for the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site, Washington","docAbstract":"In response to a request from the U.S. Department of Energy, we estimate the thickness of tephra accumulation that has an annual probability of 1 in 10,000 of being equaled or exceeded at the Hanford Site in south-central Washington State, where a project to build the Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant is underway. We follow the methodology of a 1987 probabilistic assessment of tephra accumulation in the Pacific Northwest. For a given thickness of tephra, we calculate the product of three probabilities: (1) the annual probability of an eruption producing 0.1 km3 (bulk volume) or more of tephra, (2) the probability that the wind will be blowing toward the Hanford Site, and (3) the probability that tephra accumulations will equal or exceed the given thickness at a given distance. Mount St. Helens, which lies about 200 km upwind from the Hanford Site, has been the most prolific source of tephra fallout among Cascade volcanoes in the recent geologic past and its annual eruption probability based on this record (0.008) dominates assessment of future tephra falls at the site. The probability that the prevailing wind blows toward Hanford from Mount St. Helens is 0.180. We estimate exceedance probabilities of various thicknesses of tephra fallout from an analysis of 14 eruptions of the size expectable from Mount St. Helens and for which we have measurements of tephra fallout at 200 km. The result is that the estimated thickness of tephra accumulation that has an annual probability of 1 in 10,000 of being equaled or exceeded is about 10 centimeters. It is likely that this thickness is a maximum estimate because we used conservative estimates of eruption and wind probabilities and because the 14 deposits we used probably provide an over-estimate. The use of deposits in this analysis that were mostly compacted by the time they were studied and measured implies that the bulk density of the tephra fallout we consider here is in the range of 1,000-1,250 kg/m3. The load of 10 cm of such tephra fallout on a flat surface would therefore be in the range of 100-125 kg/m2; addition of water from rainfall or snowmelt would provide additional load.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20111064","usgsCitation":"Hoblitt, R.P., and Scott, W.E., 2011, Estimate of tephra accumulation probabilities for the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1064, iv, 13 p.; Appendices, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111064.","productDescription":"iv, 13 p.; Appendices","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":116843,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr_2011_1064.gif"},{"id":19262,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1064/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fe1e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoblitt, Richard P. rhoblitt@usgs.gov","contributorId":1937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoblitt","given":"Richard","email":"rhoblitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":344563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, William E. 0000-0001-8156-979X wescott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8156-979X","contributorId":1725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"William","email":"wescott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":344562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}