{"pageNumber":"1131","pageRowStart":"28250","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46734,"records":[{"id":1016138,"text":"1016138 - 2001 - Killdeer population trends in North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:50","indexId":"1016138","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Killdeer population trends in North America","docAbstract":"Killdeers (Charadrius vociferus) are considered a common species that inhabits a wide range of wetland and upland habitats throughout much of North America, yet recent information suggests that they may be declining regionally, if not throughout much of their range. To address this issue, we examined population trends of this species at multiple spatial and temporal scales using data from two major avian survey efforts, the Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) and Christmas Bird Count (CBC). A summary of BBS trends indicates significant long-term (1966a??1996) declines in breeding populations across North America. Geographic regions driving this decline were Canada, western survey regions of the continent, and select southeastern states. In contrast, over the same time period, Killdeer populations increased in some midwestern states, particularly those in the Great Lakes region. Recent BBS trends (1986a??1996) indicate highly significant declines across most areas of North America surveyed. Trends from CBC data (1959a??1988) indicate declines at a smaller spatial scale. While the ability of current major avian survey efforts to detect population trends for Killdeer and other shorebird species warrants further examination, significant negative trends in Killdeer populations indicates the need to further investigate the status of this species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Field Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Sanzenbacher, P.M., and Haig, S.M., 2001, Killdeer population trends in North America: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 72, no. 1, p. 160-169.","productDescription":"p. 160-169","startPage":"160","endPage":"169","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134300,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b47b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanzenbacher, Peter M.","contributorId":90260,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sanzenbacher","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13016,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":323607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1016044,"text":"1016044 - 2001 - Space-time modelling of lightning-caused ignitions in the Blue Mountains, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:52","indexId":"1016044","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1170,"text":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Space-time modelling of lightning-caused ignitions in the Blue Mountains, Oregon","docAbstract":"Generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) were used to study the effect of vegetation cover, elevation, slope, and precipitation on the probability of ignition in the Blue Mountains, Oregon, and to estimate the probability of ignition occurrence at different locations in space and in time. Data on starting location of lightning-caused ignitions in the Blue Mountains between April 1986 and September 1993 constituted the base for the analysis. The study area was divided into a pixela??time array. For each pixela??time location we associated a value of 1 if at least one ignition occurred and 0 otherwise. Covariate information for each pixel was obtained using a geographic information system. The GLMMs were fitted in a Bayesian framework. Higher ignition probabilities were associated with the following cover types: subalpine herbaceous, alpine tundra, lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.), whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.), Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm.), subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.), and grand fir (Abies grandis (Dougl.) Lindl.). Within each vegetation type, higher ignition probabilities occurred at lower elevations. Additionally, ignition probabilities are lower in the northern and southern extremes of the Blue Mountains. The GLMM procedure used here is suitable for analysing ignition occurrence in other forested regions where probabilities of ignition are highly variable because of a spatially complex biophysical environment.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Diaz-Avalos, C., Peterson, D.L., Alvarado, E., Ferguson, S.A., and Besag, J.E., 2001, Space-time modelling of lightning-caused ignitions in the Blue Mountains, Oregon: Canadian Journal of Forest Research, v. 31, no. 9, p. 1579-1593.","productDescription":"p. 1579-1593","startPage":"1579","endPage":"1593","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":135143,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e4e4b07f02db5e66f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Diaz-Avalos, Carlos","contributorId":19133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Diaz-Avalos","given":"Carlos","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, D. L.","contributorId":36484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alvarado, Ernesto","contributorId":63368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alvarado","given":"Ernesto","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ferguson, Sue A.","contributorId":23914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferguson","given":"Sue","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Besag, Julian E.","contributorId":71524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Besag","given":"Julian","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":1016037,"text":"1016037 - 2001 - Geographic variation and genetic structure in Spotted Owls","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-06T16:07:31.503127","indexId":"1016037","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic variation and genetic structure in Spotted Owls","docAbstract":"<p><span>We examined genetic variation, population structure, and definition of conservation units in Spotted Owls (</span><i>Strix occidentalis</i><span>). Spotted Owls are mostly non-migratory, long-lived, socially monogamous birds that have decreased population viability due to their occupation of highly-fragmented late successional forests in western North America. To investigate potential effects of habitat fragmentation on population structure, we used random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) to examine genetic variation hierarchically among&nbsp;</span><i>local breeding areas</i><span>,&nbsp;</span><i>subregional groups</i><span>,&nbsp;</span><i>regional groups</i><span>, and&nbsp;</span><i>subspecies </i><span>via sampling of 21 breeding areas (276individuals) among the three subspecies of Spotted Owls. Data from 11 variable bands suggest a significant relationship between geographic distance among local breeding groups and genetic distance (Mantel r = 0.53,&nbsp;</span><i>P</i><span>&lt; 0.02) although multi-dimensional scaling of three significant axes did not identify significant grouping at any hierarchical level. Similarly, neighbor-joining clustering of Manhattan distances indicated geographic structure at all levels and identified Mexican Spotted Owls as a distinct clade. RAPD analyses did not clearly differentiate Northern Spotted Owls from California Spotted Owls. Among Northern Spotted Owls, estimates of population differentiation (F</span><sub>ST</sub><span>) ranged from 0.27 among breeding areas to 0.11 among regions. Concordantly, within-group agreement values estimated via multi-response permutation procedures of Jaccard's distances ranged from0.22 among local sites to 0.11 among regions. Pairwise comparisons of F</span><sub>ST</sub><span>&nbsp;and geographic distance within regions suggested only the Klamath region was in equilibrium with respect to gene flow and genetic drift. Merging nuclear data with recent mitochondrial data provides support for designation of an Evolutionary Significant Unit for Mexican Spotted Owls and two overlapping Management Units for Northern and California Spotted Owls.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1011561101460","usgsCitation":"Haig, S.M., Wagner, R., Forsman, E., and Mullins, T., 2001, Geographic variation and genetic structure in Spotted Owls: Conservation Genetics, v. 2, no. 1, p. 25-40, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011561101460.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"40","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134134,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, Mexico, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      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Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wagner, R.S.","contributorId":57427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Forsman, E.D.","contributorId":88324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Forsman","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mullins, Thomas D.","contributorId":12819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullins","given":"Thomas D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":1016562,"text":"1016562 - 2001 - Impact of the Conservation Reserve Program on duck recruitment in the U.S. Prairie Pothole Region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-05T10:17:51","indexId":"1016562","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impact of the Conservation Reserve Program on duck recruitment in the U.S. Prairie Pothole Region","docAbstract":"The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)'s Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) resulted in the conversion of about 1.9 million ha of cropland to perennial grass cover in the Prairie Pothole Region of North Dakota, South Dakota, and northeastern Montana by 1992. Many wildlife managers believed this cover would provide benefits to wildlife, including upland nesting ducks. During 1992-1995, we evaluated success of 5 duck species nesting in CRP fields and nearby Waterfowl Production Areas (WPA) throughout the region. We examined relationships between daily survival rates (DSR) of duck nests in CRP cover and landscape-level habitat and population parameters. We computed DSR of duck nests in other major cover types in our study area from data collected during 1980-1984 (pre-CRP) and 1990-1994 (CRP) periods. We then applied recruitment models to estimate duck production in our study area during peak CRP years (1992-1997) and compared these results with those that simulated the scenario in which cropland was in place of CRP cover (i.e., the CRP had not occurred). DSR were higher in all habitats combined during the CRP period compared to the pre-CRP period. Regressions of DSR in CRP cover on the percent of each study plot in perennial cover and geographic location were significant (P < 0.01) for 4 of 5 duck (Anas spp.) species. Estimated nest success and recruitment rates for the 5 species combined during 1992-1997 were 46% and 30% higher, respectively, with CRP cover on the landscape compared to a scenario where we simulated cropland in place of CRP. Our model estimated an additional 12.4 million recruits from our study area to the fall flight as a consequence of the CRP during 1992-1997. Our results document benefits to 5 duck species in the northern plains associated with a farm program that provided financial incentives to landowners for planting undisturbed grass cover as an alternative to annual crops.","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2307/3803027","usgsCitation":"Reynolds, R.E., Shaffer, T.L., Renner, R.W., Newton, W.E., and Batt, B.D., 2001, Impact of the Conservation Reserve Program on duck recruitment in the U.S. Prairie Pothole Region: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 65, no. 4, p. 765-780, https://doi.org/10.2307/3803027.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"765","endPage":"780","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129451,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a04e4b07f02db5f8621","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reynolds, Ronald E.","contributorId":174572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shaffer, Terry L. 0000-0001-6950-8951 tshaffer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6950-8951","contributorId":3192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"Terry","email":"tshaffer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":324382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Renner, Randy W.","contributorId":174573,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Renner","given":"Randy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Newton, Wesley E. 0000-0002-1377-043X wnewton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1377-043X","contributorId":3661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"Wesley","email":"wnewton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":324379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Batt, Bruce D.J.","contributorId":113404,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Batt","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"D.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70023546,"text":"70023546 - 2001 - A comparison of solute-transport solution techniques and their effect on sensitivity analysis and inverse modeling results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-17T15:21:48.913436","indexId":"70023546","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of solute-transport solution techniques and their effect on sensitivity analysis and inverse modeling results","docAbstract":"Five common numerical techniques for solving the advection-dispersion equation (finite difference, predictor corrector, total variation diminishing, method of characteristics, and modified method of characteristics) were tested using simulations of a controlled conservative tracer-test experiment through a heterogeneous, two-dimensional sand tank. The experimental facility was constructed using discrete, randomly distributed, homogeneous blocks of five sand types. This experimental model provides an opportunity to compare the solution techniques: the heterogeneous hydraulic-conductivity distribution of known structure can be accurately represented by a numerical model, and detailed measurements can be compared with simulated concentrations and total flow through the tank. The present work uses this opportunity to investigate how three common types of results - simulated breakthrough curves, sensitivity analysis, and calibrated parameter values - change in this heterogeneous situation given the different methods of simulating solute transport. The breakthrough curves show that simulated peak concentrations, even at very fine grid spacings, varied between the techniques because of different amounts of numerical dispersion. Sensitivity-analysis results revealed: (1) a high correlation between hydraulic conductivity and porosity given the concentration and flow observations used, so that both could not be estimated; and (2) that the breakthrough curve data did not provide enough information to estimate individual values of dispersivity for the five sands. This study demonstrates that the choice of assigned dispersivity and the amount of numerical dispersion present in the solution technique influence estimated hydraulic conductivity values to a surprising degree.","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.2001.tb02312.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Mehl, S., and Hill, M.C., 2001, A comparison of solute-transport solution techniques and their effect on sensitivity analysis and inverse modeling results: Ground Water, v. 39, no. 2, p. 300-307, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2001.tb02312.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"300","endPage":"307","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232534,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-12-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e375e4b0c8380cd46033","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mehl, S.","contributorId":20114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mehl","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, M. C.","contributorId":48993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70023449,"text":"70023449 - 2001 - Image and in situ data integration to derive sawgrass density for surface flow modelling in the Everglades, Florida, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:10","indexId":"70023449","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1934,"text":"IAHS-AISH Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Image and in situ data integration to derive sawgrass density for surface flow modelling in the Everglades, Florida, USA","docAbstract":"The US Geological Survey is building models of the Florida Everglades to be used in managing south Florida surface water flows for habitat restoration and maintenance. Because of the low gradients in the Everglades, vegetation structural characteristics are very important and greatly influence surface water flow and distribution. Vegetation density is being evaluated as an index of surface resistance to flow. Digital multispectral videography (DMSV) has been captured over several sites just before field collection of vegetation data. Linear regression has been used to establish a relationship between normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values computed from the DMSV and field-collected biomass and density estimates. Spatial analysis applied to the DMSV data indicates that thematic mapper (TM) resolution is at the limit required to capture land surface heterogeneity. The TM data collected close to the time of the DMSV will be used to derive a regional sawgrass density map.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"IAHS-AISH Publication","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01447815","usgsCitation":"Jones, J.W., 2001, Image and in situ data integration to derive sawgrass density for surface flow modelling in the Everglades, Florida, USA: IAHS-AISH Publication, no. 267, p. 507-512.","startPage":"507","endPage":"512","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"267","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3878e4b0c8380cd6159b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, J. W.","contributorId":89233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70023452,"text":"70023452 - 2001 - The influence of weather on Golden Eagle migration in northwestern Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:10","indexId":"70023452","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2442,"text":"Journal of Raptor Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The influence of weather on Golden Eagle migration in northwestern Montana","docAbstract":"We analyzed the influence of 17 weather factors on migrating Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) near the Continental Divide in Glacier National Park, Montana, U.S.A. Local weather measurements were recorded at automated stations on the flanks of two peaks within the migration path. During a total of 506 hr of observation, the yearly number of Golden Eagles in autumn counts (1994-96) averaged 1973; spring counts (1995 and 1996) averaged 605 eagles. Mean passage rates (eagles/hr) were 16.5 in autumn and 8.2 in spring. Maximum rates were 137 in autumn and 67 in spring. Using generalized linear modeling, we tested for the effects of weather factors on the number of eagles counted. In the autumn model, the number of eagles increased with increasing air temperature, rising barometric pressure, decreasing relative humidity, and interactions among those factors. In the spring model, the number of eagles increased with increasing wind speed, barometric pressure, and the interaction between these factors. Our data suggest that a complex interaction among weather factors influenced the number of eagles passing on a given day. We hypothesize that in complex landscapes with high topographic relief, such as Glacier National Park, numerous weather factors produce different daily combinations to which migrating eagles respond opportunistically. ?? 2001 The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Raptor Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"08921016","usgsCitation":"Yates, R., McClelland, B., Mcclelland, P., Key, C., and Bennetts, R., 2001, The influence of weather on Golden Eagle migration in northwestern Montana: Journal of Raptor Research, v. 35, no. 2, p. 81-90.","startPage":"81","endPage":"90","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232407,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bad41e4b08c986b323ab9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yates, R.E.","contributorId":67252,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yates","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McClelland, B.R.","contributorId":28325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McClelland","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mcclelland, P.T.","contributorId":99336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mcclelland","given":"P.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Key, C.H.","contributorId":74343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Key","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bennetts, R.E.","contributorId":103214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennetts","given":"R.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70023445,"text":"70023445 - 2001 - Identifying determinants of nations' wetland management programs using structural equation modeling: An exploratory analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:00","indexId":"70023445","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying determinants of nations' wetland management programs using structural equation modeling: An exploratory analysis","docAbstract":"Integrated management and policy models suggest that solutions to environmental issues may be linked to the socioeconomic and political Characteristics of a nation. In this study, we empirically explore these suggestions by applying them to the wetland management activities of nations. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate a model of national wetland management effort and one of national wetland protection. Using five predictor variables of social capital, economic capital, environmental and political characteristics, and land-use pressure, the multivariate models were able to explain 60% of the variation in nations' wetland protection efforts based on data from 90 nations, as defined by level of participation, in the international wetland convention. Social capital had the largest direct effect on wetland protection efforts, suggesting that increased social development may eventually lead to better wetland protection. In contrast, increasing economic development had a negative linear relationship with wetland protection efforts, suggesting the need for explicit wetland protection programs as nations continue to focus on economic development. Government, environmental characteristics, and land-use pressure also had a positive direct effect on wetland protection, and mediated the effect of social capital on wetland protection. Explicit wetland protection policies, combined with a focus on social development, would lead to better wetland protection at the national level.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s002670010194","issn":"0364152X","usgsCitation":"La Peyre, M., Mendelssohn, I., Reams, M., Templet, P., and Grace, J., 2001, Identifying determinants of nations' wetland management programs using structural equation modeling: An exploratory analysis: Environmental Management, v. 27, no. 6, p. 859-868, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002670010194.","startPage":"859","endPage":"868","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207404,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002670010194"},{"id":232327,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a384be4b0c8380cd614ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"La Peyre, M.K. 0000-0001-9936-2252","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9936-2252","contributorId":102239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"La Peyre","given":"M.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mendelssohn, I.A.","contributorId":24317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mendelssohn","given":"I.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reams, M.A.","contributorId":102240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reams","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Templet, P.H.","contributorId":14609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Templet","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Grace, J.B. 0000-0001-6374-4726","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":38938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"J.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":1001796,"text":"1001796 - 2001 - Mitochondrial phylogeography, subspecific taxonomy, and conservation genetics of sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis; Aves: Gruidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-06T16:56:34.406857","indexId":"1001796","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Mitochondrial phylogeography, subspecific taxonomy, and conservation genetics of sandhill cranes (<i>Grus canadensis</i>; Aves: Gruidae)","title":"Mitochondrial phylogeography, subspecific taxonomy, and conservation genetics of sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis; Aves: Gruidae)","docAbstract":"<p><span>Six subspecies of sandhill cranes (</span><i>Grus canadensis</i><span>) have been denoted based on perceived morphological and/or breeding locality differences among them. Three subspecies are migratory, breeding from the high arctic in North America and Siberia (lesser sandhill,&nbsp;</span><i>G. c. canadensis</i><span>),south through central Canada (Canadian sandhill,&nbsp;</span><i>G. c. rowani</i><span>) and into the northern United States (greater sandhill,&nbsp;</span><i>G. c. tabida</i><span>). A review of sandhill crane taxonomy indicates that the size variation, on the basis of which these subspecies were named, may be clinal and not diagnostic. The other three subspecies, all listed as endangered or threatened, are non-migratory, resident in Florida (</span><i>G. c. pratensis</i><span>), Mississippi (</span><i>G. c. pulla</i><span>), and Cuba (</span><i>G. c. nesiotes</i><span>). We used analysis of mitochondrial DNA control region (CR) sequences to determine whether haplotypes representing current subspecies show any genetic cohesion or are more consistent with a pattern of clinal variation in morphology. CR sequences indicate that only two highly divergent (5.3%) lineages of sandhill cranes occur in North America: one lineage composed only of arctic-nesting&nbsp;</span><i>G. c. canadensis</i><span>, the other of the remaining North American subspecies (we lack data on the Cuban population). The deep split between lineages is consistent with an estimated isolation of approximately 1.5 Mya (mid-Pleistocene), while the distribution of mutational changes within lineages is consistent with an hypothesis of rapid, post-Pleistocene population expansions. No other phylogeographic structuring is concordant with subspecific boundaries, however, analysis of molecular variance indicates that there is significant population genetic differentiation among all subspecies except&nbsp;</span><i>G. c. tabida </i><span>and&nbsp;</span><i>G. c. rowani</i><span>, which are indistinguishable. 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E.","contributorId":5999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Austin","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":70327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Krajewski, C.","contributorId":35679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krajewski","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":311796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70023443,"text":"70023443 - 2001 - MODIS land data at the EROS data center DAAC","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-05T16:42:55.214657","indexId":"70023443","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"MODIS land data at the EROS data center DAAC","docAbstract":"The US Geological Survey's (USGS) Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Data Center (EDC) in Sioux Falls, SD, USA, is the primary national archive for land processes data and one of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Distributed Active Archive Centers (DAAC) for the Earth Observing System (EOS). One of EDC's functions as a DAAC is the archival and distribution of Moderate Resolution Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Land Data collected from the Earth Observing System (EOS) satellite Terra. More than 500,000 publicly available MODIS land data granules totaling 25 Terabytes (Tb) are currently stored in the EDC archive. This collection is managed, archived, and distributed by EOS Data and Information System (EOSDIS) Core System (ECS) at EDC. EDC User Services support the use of MODIS Land data, which include land surface reflectance/albedo, temperature/emissivity, vegetation characteristics, and land cover, by responding to user inquiries, constructing user information sites on the EDC web page, and presenting MODIS materials worldwide.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"2001 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2001)","conferenceDate":"9 July 2001 through 13 July 2001","conferenceLocation":"Sydney, NSW","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","usgsCitation":"Jenkerson, C.B., and Reed, B., 2001, MODIS land data at the EROS data center DAAC, <i>in</i> International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), v. 5, Sydney, NSW, 9 July 2001 through 13 July 2001, p. 2274-2276.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"2274","endPage":"2276","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232287,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4ae7e4b0c8380cd6912d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jenkerson, Calli B. 0000-0002-3780-9175","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3780-9175","contributorId":24958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkerson","given":"Calli","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, B. C. 0000-0002-1132-7178","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1132-7178","contributorId":55594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"B. C.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":397674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70023405,"text":"70023405 - 2001 - Source parameters for the 1952 Kern County earthquake, California: A joint inversion of leveling and triangulation observations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-17T17:34:31.520448","indexId":"70023405","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Source parameters for the 1952 Kern County earthquake, California: A joint inversion of leveling and triangulation observations","docAbstract":"<p><span>Coseismic leveling and triangulation observations are used to determine the faulting geometry and slip distribution of the July 21, 1952,&nbsp;</span><i>M<sub>w</sub></i><span>&nbsp;7.3 Kern County earthquake on the White Wolf fault. A singular value decomposition inversion is used to assess the ability of the geodetic network to resolve slip along a multisegment fault and shows that the network is sufficient to resolve slip along the surface rupture to a depth of 10 km. Below 10 km, the network can only resolve dip slip near the fault ends. The preferred source model is a two-segment right-stepping fault with a strike of 51° and a dip of 75° SW. The epicentral patch has deep (6–27 km) left-lateral oblique slip, while the northeastern patch has shallow (1–12.5 km) reverse slip. There is nearly uniform reverse slip (epicentral, 1.6 m; northeast, 1.9 m), with 3.6 m of left-lateral strike slip limited to the epicentral patch. The seismic moment is&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><sub>0</sub><span>&nbsp;= 9.2 ± 0.5 × 10</span><sup>19</sup><span>&nbsp;N m (</span><i>M<sub>w</sub></i><span>&nbsp;= 7.2). The signal-to-noise ratio of the leveling and triangulation data is reduced by 96% and 49%, respectively. The slip distribution from the preferred model matches regional geomorphic features and may provide a driving mechanism for regional shortening across the Comanche thrust and structural continuity with the Scodie seismic lineament to the northeast.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2000JB900315","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Bawden, G., 2001, Source parameters for the 1952 Kern County earthquake, California: A joint inversion of leveling and triangulation observations: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 106, no. B1, p. 771-785, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JB900315.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"771","endPage":"785","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478867,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2000jb900315","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":232324,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Kern County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"id\":199,\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Kern\",\"state\":\"CA\"},\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-120.1945,35.788],[-120.1842,35.789],[-120.1655,35.7891],[-120.1474,35.7887],[-120.0816,35.7886],[-119.9688,35.7896],[-119.852,35.7891],[-119.7618,35.7906],[-119.6472,35.7895],[-119.5395,35.79],[-119.4301,35.7905],[-119.3308,35.7899],[-119.2169,35.7906],[-119.1182,35.7903],[-118.9027,35.789],[-118.6504,35.7897],[-118.6441,35.7896],[-118.5885,35.7897],[-118.5233,35.7892],[-118.4785,35.7915],[-118.4706,35.7919],[-118.4502,35.7908],[-118.2716,35.7896],[-118.2562,35.7894],[-118.2387,35.7897],[-118.2137,35.7894],[-118.1956,35.7896],[-118.1632,35.7893],[-118.0839,35.7865],[-118.0697,35.7859],[-118.009,35.7861],[-117.9234,35.7863],[-117.9249,35.7986],[-117.9005,35.7983],[-117.8738,35.7988],[-117.8523,35.7985],[-117.6362,35.7958],[-117.6355,35.7086],[-117.6537,35.7085],[-117.6527,35.6776],[-117.6176,35.6775],[-117.6166,35.6493],[-117.6353,35.6487],[-117.6354,35.6233],[-117.6352,35.5807],[-117.6356,35.5666],[-117.6351,35.5639],[-117.6346,35.4472],[-117.6352,35.3755],[-117.6353,35.3464],[-117.6351,35.3319],[-117.6343,35.3174],[-117.6341,35.3028],[-117.6345,35.2874],[-117.6343,35.2742],[-117.6341,35.2588],[-117.6339,35.2447],[-117.6342,35.2302],[-117.634,35.2157],[-117.6338,35.2011],[-117.6336,35.1861],[-117.6334,35.1707],[-117.6338,35.1562],[-117.6336,35.1417],[-117.6333,35.1271],[-117.6331,35.1126],[-117.6329,35.098],[-117.6352,35.0981],[-117.636,35.0872],[-117.6358,35.0727],[-117.6356,35.0581],[-117.6357,35.0295],[-117.6361,35.015],[-117.6357,34.985],[-117.6351,34.8233],[-117.6519,34.8227],[-117.6704,34.8221],[-117.7757,34.8229],[-118.1408,34.8195],[-118.1493,34.8195],[-118.5995,34.8175],[-118.8946,34.8181],[-118.8945,34.818],[-118.8825,34.791],[-118.9772,34.7902],[-118.9771,34.8126],[-119.2462,34.8147],[-119.2461,34.857],[-119.2797,34.858],[-119.2779,34.8793],[-119.3844,34.8794],[-119.385,34.884],[-119.3849,34.899],[-119.4382,34.8999],[-119.4438,34.8999],[-119.4544,34.8999],[-119.4571,34.9],[-119.4746,34.9004],[-119.4746,34.9005],[-119.4746,34.9136],[-119.474,34.9367],[-119.474,34.9499],[-119.474,34.9576],[-119.474,34.9721],[-119.4746,35.0184],[-119.4746,35.0325],[-119.4745,35.077],[-119.4908,35.077],[-119.4914,35.092],[-119.5004,35.0915],[-119.5088,35.0906],[-119.5628,35.0883],[-119.5583,35.1369],[-119.5566,35.1601],[-119.5549,35.1791],[-119.5769,35.1787],[-119.6095,35.1773],[-119.6675,35.1749],[-119.6675,35.1908],[-119.6675,35.2049],[-119.6688,35.2617],[-119.7397,35.2629],[-119.7572,35.2633],[-119.7746,35.2633],[-119.8113,35.2641],[-119.8122,35.3508],[-119.8815,35.3501],[-119.8824,35.41],[-119.8824,35.4246],[-119.8831,35.4377],[-119.9999,35.4396],[-120.0007,35.4695],[-120.0171,35.469],[-120.0194,35.4835],[-120.0358,35.4834],[-120.0359,35.497],[-120.0523,35.4974],[-120.053,35.5124],[-120.0699,35.5128],[-120.0711,35.5268],[-120.0875,35.5276],[-120.0876,35.6139],[-120.1951,35.6151],[-120.1947,35.7481],[-120.1942,35.7626],[-120.1945,35.788]]]}}]}","volume":"106","issue":"B1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-01-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9337e4b08c986b31a386","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bawden, G.W.","contributorId":61139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bawden","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70023362,"text":"70023362 - 2001 - Pollen assemblages as paleoenvironmental proxies in the Florida Everglades","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:00","indexId":"70023362","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3275,"text":"Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pollen assemblages as paleoenvironmental proxies in the Florida Everglades","docAbstract":"Analysis of 170 pollen assemblages from surface samples in eight vegetation types in the Florida Everglades indicates that these wetland sub-environments are distinguishable from the pollen record and that they are useful proxies for hydrologic and edaphic parameters. Vegetation types sampled include sawgrass marshes, cattail marshes, sloughs with floating aquatics, wet prairies, brackish marshes, tree islands, cypress swamps, and mangrove forests. The distribution of these vegetation types is controlled by specific environmental parameters, such as hydrologic regime, nutrient availability, disturbance level, substrate type, and salinity; ecotones between vegetation types may be sharp. Using R-mode cluster analysis of pollen data, we identified diagnostic species groupings; Q-mode cluster analysis was used to differentiate pollen signatures of each vegetation type. Cluster analysis and the modern analog technique were applied to interpret vegetational and environmental trends over the last two millennia at a site in Water Conservation Area 3A. The results show that close modern analogs exist for assemblages in the core and indicate past hydrologic changes at the site, correlated with both climatic and land-use changes. The ability to differentiate marshes with different hydrologic and edaphic requirements using the pollen record facilitates assessment of relative impacts of climatic and anthropogenic changes on this wetland ecosystem on smaller spatial and temporal scales than previously were possible. ?? 2001 Elsevier Science B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0034-6667(00)00042-7","issn":"00346667","usgsCitation":"Willard, D., Weimer, L., and Riegel, W., 2001, Pollen assemblages as paleoenvironmental proxies in the Florida Everglades: Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, v. 113, no. 4, p. 213-235, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-6667(00)00042-7.","startPage":"213","endPage":"235","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487479,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/128716","text":"External Repository"},{"id":207339,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0034-6667(00)00042-7"},{"id":232205,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7ccfe4b0c8380cd79bba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Willard, Debra  A. 0000-0003-4878-0942","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":85982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"Debra  A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weimer, L. M.","contributorId":51788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weimer","given":"L. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Riegel, W.L.","contributorId":18540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riegel","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":44907,"text":"wri014045 - 2001 - Analysis of ambient conditions and simulation of hydrodynamics, constituent transport, and water-quality characteristics in Lake Maumelle, Arkansas, 1991-92","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-07T19:21:49.283202","indexId":"wri014045","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4045","title":"Analysis of ambient conditions and simulation of hydrodynamics, constituent transport, and water-quality characteristics in Lake Maumelle, Arkansas, 1991-92","docAbstract":"<p>Lake Maumelle is the major drinking-water source for the Little Rock metropolitan area in central Arkansas. Urban and agricultural development has increased in the Lake Maumelle Basin and information is needed related to constituent transport and water quality response to changes in constituent loading or hydrologic regime. This report characterizes ambient conditions in Lake Maumelle and its major tributary, Maumelle River; describes the calibration and verification of a numerical model of hydrodynamics and water quality; and provides several simulations that describe constituent transport and water quality response to changes in constituent loading and hydrologic regime.</p><p>Ambient hydrologic and water-quality conditions demonstrate the relatively undisturbed nature of Lake Maumelle and the Maumelle River. Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were low, one to two orders of magnitude lower than estimates of national background nutrient concentrations. Phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations in Lake Maumelle demonstrate its oligotrophic/mesotrophic condition. However, concentrations of chlorophyll a appeared to increase since 1990 within the upper and middle reaches of the reservoir.</p><p>A two-dimensional, laterally averaged hydrodynamic and water-quality model developed and calibrated for Lake Maumelle simulates water level, currents, heat transport and temperature distribution, conservative material transport, and the transport and transformation of 11 chemical constituents. Simulations included the movement and dispersion of spills or releases in the reservoir during stratified and unstratified conditions, release of the fish nursery pond off the southern shore of Lake Maumelle, and algal responses to changes in external loading.</p><p>The model was calibrated using 1991 data and verified using 1992 data. Simulated temperature and dissolved oxygen concentrations related well when compared to measured values. Simulated nutrient and algal biomass also related reasonably well when compared to measured values. A simulated spill of conservative material at the upper end of Lake Maumelle during a major storm event took less than 102 hours to disperse the entire length of the reservoir. Simulation of a nursery pond release into a tributary to Lake Maumelle demonstrated how the released water plunges within the receiving embayment and enters the main stem of the reservoir at mid depths. Simulations of algal response to increases of nitrogen and phosphorus loads demonstrate the phosphorus limiting condition in Lake Maumelle.</p><p>Results from this study will provide water-resource management with information to better understand how changes in hydrology and water quality in the basin affects water quality in the reservoir. With this information, managers will be able to more effectively manage their drinking-water source supply.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri014045","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Little Rock Municipal Water Works","usgsCitation":"Green, W.R., 2001, Analysis of ambient conditions and simulation of hydrodynamics, constituent transport, and water-quality characteristics in Lake Maumelle, Arkansas, 1991-92: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4045, vi, 60 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014045.","productDescription":"vi, 60 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":403213,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4045/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":400775,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_42702.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":161916,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4045/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Lake Maumelle","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -92.67860412597655,\n              34.83691357851903\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.47604370117186,\n              34.83691357851903\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.47604370117186,\n              34.920282010051096\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.67860412597655,\n              34.920282010051096\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.67860412597655,\n              34.83691357851903\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad0e4b07f02db680a53","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Green, W. Reed","contributorId":87886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Reed","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70023453,"text":"70023453 - 2001 - A geostatistical approach to predicting sulfur content in the Pittsburgh coal bed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:10","indexId":"70023453","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A geostatistical approach to predicting sulfur content in the Pittsburgh coal bed","docAbstract":"The US Geological Survey (USGS) is completing a national assessment of coal resources in the five top coal-producing regions in the US. Point-located data provide measurements on coal thickness and sulfur content. The sample data and their geologic interpretation represent the most regionally complete and up-to-date assessment of what is known about top-producing US coal beds. The sample data are analyzed using a combination of geologic and Geographic Information System (GIS) models to estimate tonnages and qualities of the coal beds. Traditionally, GIS practitioners use contouring to represent geographical patterns of \"similar\" data values. The tonnage and grade of coal resources are then assessed by using the contour lines as references for interpolation. An assessment taken to this point is only indicative of resource quantity and quality. Data users may benefit from a statistical approach that would allow them to better understand the uncertainty and limitations of the sample data. To develop a quantitative approach, geostatistics were applied to the data on coal sulfur content from samples taken in the Pittsburgh coal bed (located in the eastern US, in the southwestern part of the state of Pennsylvania, and in adjoining areas in the states of Ohio and West Virginia). Geostatistical methods that account for regional and local trends were applied to blocks 2.7 mi (4.3 km) on a side. The data and geostatistics support conclusions concerning the average sulfur content and its degree of reliability at regional- and economic-block scale over the large, contiguous part of the Pittsburgh outcrop, but not to a mine scale. To validate the method, a comparison was made with the sulfur contents in sample data taken from 53 coal mines located in the study area. The comparison showed a high degree of similarity between the sulfur content in the mine samples and the sulfur content represented by the geostatistically derived contours. Published by Elsevier Science B.V.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Coal Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0166-5162(01)00035-0","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Watson, W., Ruppert, L., Bragg, L.J., and Tewalt, S., 2001, A geostatistical approach to predicting sulfur content in the Pittsburgh coal bed: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 48, no. 1-2, p. 1-22, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-5162(01)00035-0.","startPage":"1","endPage":"22","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207467,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-5162(01)00035-0"},{"id":232445,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e408e4b0c8380cd4636e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watson, W.D.","contributorId":96730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watson","given":"W.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruppert, L.F. 0000-0003-4990-0539","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-0539","contributorId":59043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruppert","given":"L.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bragg, L. J.","contributorId":104055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bragg","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tewalt, S.J.","contributorId":55838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tewalt","given":"S.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70023455,"text":"70023455 - 2001 - Development of a seamless multisource topographic/bathymetric elevation model of Tampa Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-21T16:16:28","indexId":"70023455","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2678,"text":"Marine Technology Society Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of a seamless multisource topographic/bathymetric elevation model of Tampa Bay","docAbstract":"<p>Many applications of geospatial data in coastal environments require knowledge of the nearshore topography and bathymetry. However, because existing topographic and bathymetric data have been collected independently for different purposes, it has been difficult to use them together at the land/water interface owing to differences in format, projection, resolution, accuracy, and datums. As a first step toward solving the problems of integrating diverse coastal datasets, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) are collaborating on a joint demonstration project to merge their data for the Tampa Bay region of Florida. The best available topographic and bathymetric data were extracted from the USGS National Elevation Dataset and the NOAA hydrographic survey database, respectively. Before being merged, the topographic and bathymetric datasets were processed with standard geographic information system tools to place them in a common horizontal reference frame. Also, a key part of the preprocessing was transformation to a common vertical reference through the use of VDatum, a new tool created by NOAA's National Geodetic Survey for vertical datum conversions. The final merged product is a seamless topographic/bathymetric model covering the Tampa Bay region at a grid spacing of 1 arc-second. Topographic LIDAR data were processed and merged with the bathymetry to demonstrate the incorporation of recent third party data sources for several test areas. A primary application of a merged topographic/bathymetric elevation model is for user-defined shoreline delineation, in which the user decides on the tidal condition (for example, low or high water) to be superimposed on the elevation data to determine the spatial position of the water line. Such a use of merged topographic/bathymetric data could lead to the development of a shoreline zone, which could reduce redundant mapping efforts by federal, state, and local agencies by allowing them to customize their portrayals of the shoreline using a standard baseline elevation dataset.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ingenta","doi":"10.4031/002533201788058062","issn":"00253324","usgsCitation":"Gesch, D., and Wilson, R., 2001, Development of a seamless multisource topographic/bathymetric elevation model of Tampa Bay: Marine Technology Society Journal, v. 35, no. 4, p. 58-64, https://doi.org/10.4031/002533201788058062.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"58","endPage":"64","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":478855,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4031/002533201788058062","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":232486,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0043e4b0c8380cd4f68c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gesch, Dean 0000-0002-8992-4933","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8992-4933","contributorId":87098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gesch","given":"Dean","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":397717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, Robert","contributorId":99425,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70023400,"text":"70023400 - 2001 - Fine-scale population structure in Atlantic salmon from Maine's Penobscot River drainage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-02T12:45:46","indexId":"70023400","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1324,"text":"Conservation Genetics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fine-scale population structure in Atlantic salmon from Maine's Penobscot River drainage","docAbstract":"<p>We report a survey of micro satellite DNA variation in Atlantic salmon from the unimpounded lower reaches of Maine's Penobscot River. Our analysis indicates that Atlantic salmon in the Penobscot River are distinct from other populations that have little or no history of human-mediated repopulation, including two of its tributaries, Cove Brook and Kenduskeag Stream, another Maine river, the Ducktrap, and Canada's Miramichi and Gander rivers. Significant heterogeneity was detected in allele frequency among all three subpopulations sampled in the Penobscot drainage. The high resolution of the 12-locus suite was quantified using maximum likelihood assignment tests, which correctly identified the source of 90.4-96.1% of individuals from within the Penobscot drainage. Current populations are clearly isolated from each other, however we are unable to determine from the present data whether the populations in Cove Brook and Kenduskeag Stream are recently diverged from populations stocked into the Penobscot River over the last century, or are aboriginal in origin. The degree of population structure identified in the Penobscot drainage is noteworthy in light of its lengthy history of systematic restocking, the geographic proximity of the subpopulations, and the extent of the differentiation. Similar population structure on this extremely limited geographic scale could exist among Atlantic salmon runs elsewhere in Maine and throughout the species' range and should be taken into account for future management decisions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1011580217381","issn":"15660621","usgsCitation":"Spidle, A., Bane, S.W., Lubinski, B., and King, T., 2001, Fine-scale population structure in Atlantic salmon from Maine's Penobscot River drainage: Conservation Genetics, v. 2, no. 1, p. 11-24, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011580217381.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"24","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":232247,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":207356,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1011580217381"}],"volume":"2","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1026e4b0c8380cd53b50","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spidle, A.P.","contributorId":93429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spidle","given":"A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bane, Schill W.","contributorId":66448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bane","given":"Schill","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lubinski, B.A.","contributorId":58598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lubinski","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"King, T.L.","contributorId":93416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70023399,"text":"70023399 - 2001 - Measurement of 224Ra and 226Ra activities in natural waters using a radon-in-air monitor","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:59","indexId":"70023399","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Measurement of 224Ra and 226Ra activities in natural waters using a radon-in-air monitor","docAbstract":"We report a simple new technique for measuring low-level radium isotopes (224Ra and 226Ra) in natural waters. The radium present in natural waters is first preconcentrated onto MnO2-coated acrylic fiber (Mn fiber) in a column mode. The radon produced from the adsorbed radium is then circulated through a closed air-loop connected to a commercial radon-in-air monitor. The monitor counts alpha decays of radon daughters (polonium isotopes) which are electrostatically collected onto a silicon semiconductor detector. Count data are collected in energy-specific windows, which eliminate interference and maintain very low backgrounds. Radium-224 is measured immediately after sampling via 220Rn (216Po), and 226Ra is measured via 222Rn (218Po) after a few days of ingrowth of 222Rn. This technique is rapid, simple, and accurate for measurements of low-level 224Ra and 226Ra activities without requiring any wet chemistry. Rapid measurements of short-lived 222Rn and 224Ra, along with long-lived 226Ra, may thus be made in natural waters using a single portable system for environmental monitoring of radioactivity as well as tracing of various geochemical and geophysical processes. The technique could be especially useful for the on-site rapid determination of 224Ra which has recently been found to occur at elevated activities in some groundwater wells.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Science and Technology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1021/es010804u","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Kim, G., Burnett, W.C., Dulaiova, H., Swarzenski, P., and Moore, W., 2001, Measurement of 224Ra and 226Ra activities in natural waters using a radon-in-air monitor: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 35, no. 23, p. 4680-4683, https://doi.org/10.1021/es010804u.","startPage":"4680","endPage":"4683","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207355,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es010804u"},{"id":232246,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-10-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a52efe4b0c8380cd6c787","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kim, G.","contributorId":102237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burnett, W. C.","contributorId":39779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burnett","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dulaiova, H.","contributorId":35507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dulaiova","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Swarzenski, P.W. 0000-0003-0116-0578","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0116-0578","contributorId":29487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swarzenski","given":"P.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moore, W.S.","contributorId":90875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"W.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70024037,"text":"70024037 - 2001 - Linking hyporheic flow and nitrogen cycling near the Willamette River: A large river in Oregon, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-03T09:55:55","indexId":"70024037","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking hyporheic flow and nitrogen cycling near the Willamette River: A large river in Oregon, USA","docAbstract":"Several approaches were used to characterize ground water/surface water interactions near the Willamette River - A large (ninth order) river in Oregon, USA. A series of potentiometric surface maps demonstrated the presence of highly dynamic hydraulic gradients between rivers and the adjacent aquifer. Hyporheic zone gradients extended on the order of hundreds of meters. River gains and losses at the river stretch scale (tens of kilometers) were consistent with fluxes implied by the potentiometric surface maps, and apparently reflect regional ground water/surface water interactions. Gains and losses of up to 5-10% of streamflow were observed at this scale. On the river reach scale (1-2 km), gains and losses on the order of 5% of streamflow were interpreted as representing primarily local hyporheic exchange. Isotopic and chemical data collected from shallow hyporheic zone wells demonstrated interaction between regional ground water and river water. The origin of sampled hyporheic zone water ranged from a mixture dominated by regional ground water to water containing 100% river water. The common assumption that ground and river water mix primarily in the river channel is not applicable in this system. Isotopic and chemical data also indicated that significant (nearly complete) vegetative nitrate uptake and/or nitrate reduction occurred in water from 4 of 12 hyporheic zone sites. In these cases, it was primarily nitrate transported to the hyporheic zone in regional ground water that was removed from solution. Isotopes of water and nitrate indicated that hyporheic zone water sampled at two sites was composed of water originating as river water and demonstrated that significant vegetative nitrate uptake and nitrate reduction occurred along these hyporheic zone flowpaths. Thus, the hyporheic zone may, in some instances, serve to remove nitrate from river water. Additional investigations with chemical tools and microbial enzyme assays were conducted at one hyporheic site. A strong vertical redox gradient was observed, with nitrate-limited denitrification potential in deeper sediment and both nitrification and denitrification potential in shallower sediment. Since nitrogen cycling is strongly affected by redox conditions, nitrogen cycling in the hyporheic zone of this large-river system likely is affected by dynamics of ground water/surface water interactions that control fluxes of nitrogen and other redox species to hyporheic zone sediment.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0022-1694(01)00335-3","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Hinkle, S., Duff, J., Triska, F., Laenen, A., Gates, E., Bencala, K., Wentz, D., and Silva, S.R., 2001, Linking hyporheic flow and nitrogen cycling near the Willamette River: A large river in Oregon, USA: Journal of Hydrology, v. 244, no. 3-4, p. 157-180, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(01)00335-3.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"157","endPage":"180","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231523,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206997,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(01)00335-3"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Willamette River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124,\n              43.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.75,\n              43.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.75,\n              45.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -124,\n              45.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -124,\n              43.25\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"244","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a47d4e4b0c8380cd679e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hinkle, S.R.","contributorId":74778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinkle","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duff, J.H.","contributorId":60377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duff","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Triska, F.J.","contributorId":69560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Triska","given":"F.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Laenen, A.","contributorId":92827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laenen","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gates, E.B.","contributorId":24955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gates","given":"E.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bencala, K.E.","contributorId":105312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wentz, D.A.","contributorId":85206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wentz","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Silva, S. R.","contributorId":27474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silva","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":399762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70023706,"text":"70023706 - 2001 - Petrographic and geochemical evidence for the formation of primary, bacterially induced lacustrine dolomite: La Roda 'white earth' (Pliocene, Central Spain)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:12","indexId":"70023706","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3369,"text":"Sedimentology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Petrographic and geochemical evidence for the formation of primary, bacterially induced lacustrine dolomite: La Roda 'white earth' (Pliocene, Central Spain)","docAbstract":"Upper Pliocene dolomites ('white earth') from La Roda, Spain, offer a good opportunity to evaluate the process of dolomite formation in lakes. The relatively young nature of the deposits could allow a link between dolomites precipitated in modern lake systems and those present in older lacustrine formations. The La Roda Mg-carbonates (dolomite unit) occur as a 3??5- to 4-m- thick package of poorly indurated, white, massive dolomite beds with interbedded thin deposits of porous carbonate displaying root and desiccation traces as well as local lenticular gypsum moulds. The massive dolomite beds consist mainly of loosely packed 1- to 2-??m-sized aggregates of dolomite crystals exhibiting poorly developed faces, which usually results in a subrounded morphology of the crystals. Minute rhombs of dolomite are sparse within the aggregates. Both knobbly textures and clumps of spherical bodies covering the crystal surfaces indicate that bacteria were involved in the formation of the dolomites. In addition, aggregates of euhedral dolomite crystals are usually present in some more clayey (sepiolite) interbeds. The thin porous carbonate (mostly dolomite) beds exhibit both euhedral and subrounded, bacterially induced dolomite crystals. The carbonate is mainly Ca-dolomite (51-54 mol% CaCO3), showing a low degree of ordering (degree of ordering ranges from 0??27 to 0??48). Calcite is present as a subordinate mineral in some samples. Sr, Mn and Fe contents show very low correlation coefficients with Mg/Ca ratios, whereas SiO2 and K contents are highly correlated. ??18O- and ??13C-values in dolomites range from -3??07??? to 5??40??? PDB (mean = 0??06, ?? = 1??75) and from -6??34??? to -0??39??? PDB (mean = -3??55, ?? = 1??33) respectively. Samples containing significant amounts of both dolomite and calcite do not in general show significant enrichment or depletion in 18O and 13C between the two minerals. The correlation coefficient between ??18O and ??13C for dolomite is extremely low and negative (r = -0??05), whereas it is higher and positive (r = 0??47) for calcite. The lacustrine dolomite deposit from La Roda is interpreted mainly as a result of primary precipitation of dolomite in a shallow, hydrologically closed perennial lake. The lake was supplied by highly saturated HCO3-/CO32- groundwater that leached dolomitic Mesozoic formations. Precipitation of dolomite from alkaline lake waters took place under a semi-arid to arid climate. However, according to our isotopic data, strong evaporative conditions were not required for the formation of the La Roda dolomite. A significant contribution by bacteria to the formation of the dolomites is assumed in view of both petrographic and geochemical evidence.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sedimentology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-3091.2001.00388.x","issn":"00370746","usgsCitation":"Garcia, D., Cura, M., Calvo, J.P., Ordonez, S., Jones, B., and Canaveras, J., 2001, Petrographic and geochemical evidence for the formation of primary, bacterially induced lacustrine dolomite: La Roda 'white earth' (Pliocene, Central Spain): Sedimentology, v. 48, no. 4, p. 897-915, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3091.2001.00388.x.","startPage":"897","endPage":"915","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":478922,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3091.2001.00388.x","text":"External Repository"},{"id":207545,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3091.2001.00388.x"},{"id":232582,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-12-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7791e4b0c8380cd7851a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garcia, Del","contributorId":72169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garcia","given":"Del","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cura, M.A.","contributorId":92017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cura","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Calvo, J. P.","contributorId":24136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Calvo","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ordonez, S.","contributorId":100156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ordonez","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jones, B.F.","contributorId":52156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Canaveras, J.C.","contributorId":66885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Canaveras","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":1016203,"text":"1016203 - 2001 - Myrmecophagy by Yellowstone grizzly bears","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-24T16:43:52.108766","indexId":"1016203","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Myrmecophagy by Yellowstone grizzly bears","docAbstract":"<p><span>I used data collected during a study of radio-marked grizzly bears (</span><i>Ursus arctos horribilis</i><span>) in the Yellowstone region from 1977 to 1992 to investigate myrmecophagy by this population. Although generally not an important source of energy for the bears (averaging &lt;5% of fecal volume at peak consumption), ants may have been an important source of protein during midsummer and were heavily consumed during some years. Myrmecophagy was most common annually when known high-quality foods were scarce, as well as during the warmest months of the study, when regional average temperatures exceeded 12–15°C. Bears tended to select large ants (&gt;8 mm long) nested in logs over small ants (</span><span class=\"inline-graphic\"><img src=\"https://cdnsciencepub.com/cms/10.1139/z01-034/asset/images/ls.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"8\" height=\"9\" data-mce-src=\"https://cdnsciencepub.com/cms/10.1139/z01-034/asset/images/ls.gif\"></span><span>6 mm long) nested under stones. Optimal conditions for consumption of ants occurred on the warmest sites with ample substrate suitable for ant nests. For ants in mounds, this occurred at low elevations at non-forested sites. For ants in logs, this occurred at low elevations or on southerly aspects where there was abundant, large-diameter, well-decomposed woody debris under an open forest canopy. Grizzly bears selected moderately decomposed logs 4–5 dm in diameter at midpoint. Ants will likely become a more important food for Yellowstone's grizzly bears as currently important foods decline, owing to disease and warming of the regional climate.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/z01-034","usgsCitation":"Mattson, D.J., 2001, Myrmecophagy by Yellowstone grizzly bears: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 79, no. 5, p. 779-793, https://doi.org/10.1139/z01-034.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"779","endPage":"793","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132861,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.09100341796875,\n              44.12702800650004\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.95391845703125,\n              44.12702800650004\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.95391845703125,\n              45.03859654645257\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.09100341796875,\n              45.03859654645257\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.09100341796875,\n              44.12702800650004\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"79","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b4914","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mattson, David J. david_mattson@usgs.gov","contributorId":3662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattson","given":"David","email":"david_mattson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70023645,"text":"70023645 - 2001 - Aerogeophysical measurements of collapse-prone hydrothermally altered zones at Mount Rainier volcano","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:02","indexId":"70023645","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aerogeophysical measurements of collapse-prone hydrothermally altered zones at Mount Rainier volcano","docAbstract":"Hydrothermally altered rocks can weaken volcanoes, increasing the potential for catastrophic sector collapses that can lead to destructive debris flows1. Evaluating the hazards associated with such alteration is difficult because alteration has been mapped on few active volcanoes1-4 and the distribution and severity of subsurface alteration is largely unknown on any active volcano. At Mount Rainier volcano (Washington, USA), collapses of hydrothermally altered edifice flanks have generated numerous extensive debris flows5,6 and future collapses could threaten areas that are now densely populated7. Preliminary geological mapping and remote-sensing data indicated that exposed alteration is contained in a dyke-controlled belt trending east-west that passes through the volcano's summit3-5,8. But here we present helicopter-borne electromagnetic and magnetic data, combined with detailed geological mapping, to show that appreciable thicknesses of mostly buried hydrothermally altered rock lie mainly in the upper west flank of Mount Rainier. We identify this as the likely source for future large debris flows. But as negligible amounts of highly altered rock lie in the volcano's core, this might impede collapse retrogression and so limit the volumes and inundation areas of future debris flows. Our results demonstrate that high-resolution geophysical and geological observations can yield unprecedented views of the three-dimensional distribution of altered rock.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/35054533","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Finn, C., Sisson, T.W., and Deszcz-Pan, M., 2001, Aerogeophysical measurements of collapse-prone hydrothermally altered zones at Mount Rainier volcano: Nature, v. 409, no. 6820, p. 600-603, https://doi.org/10.1038/35054533.","startPage":"600","endPage":"603","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207388,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35054533"},{"id":232301,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"409","issue":"6820","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e71fe4b0c8380cd47876","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Finn, C. A. 0000-0002-6178-0405","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6178-0405","contributorId":93917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"C. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sisson, T. W.","contributorId":108120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sisson","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Deszcz-Pan, M.","contributorId":102422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deszcz-Pan","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":398319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70023495,"text":"70023495 - 2001 - Interoperability and information discovery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-22T19:28:00.873662","indexId":"70023495","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2864,"text":"New Review of Information Networking","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interoperability and information discovery","docAbstract":"<p>In the context of information systems, there is interoperability when the distinctions between separate information systems are not a barrier to accomplishing a task that spans those systems. Interoperability so defined implies that there are commonalities among the systems involved and that one can exploit such commonalities to achieve interoperability. The challenge of a particular interoperability task is to identify relevant commonalities among the systems involved and to devise mechanisms that exploit those commonalities.</p><p>The present paper focuses on the particular interoperability task of information discovery. The Global Information Locator Service (GILS) is described as a policy, standards, and technology framework for addressing interoperable information discovery on a global and long‐term basis. While there are many mechanisms for people to discover and use all manner of data and information resources, GILS initiatives exploit certain key commonalities that seem to be sufficient to realize useful information discovery interoperability at a global, long‐term scale.</p><p>This paper describes ten of the specific commonalities that are key to GILS initiatives. It presents some of the practical implications for organizations in various roles: content provider, system engineer, intermediary, and searcher. The paper also provides examples of interoperable information discovery as deployed using GILS in four types of information communities: bibliographic, geographic, environmental, and government.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/13614570109516966","issn":"13614576","usgsCitation":"Christian, E., 2001, Interoperability and information discovery: New Review of Information Networking, v. 7, p. 5-26, https://doi.org/10.1080/13614570109516966.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"5","endPage":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232448,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3d4ee4b0c8380cd63478","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christian, E.","contributorId":99318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christian","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70023352,"text":"70023352 - 2001 - Determination of the sources of nitrate contamination in karst springs using isotopic and chemical indicators","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:14","indexId":"70023352","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of the sources of nitrate contamination in karst springs using isotopic and chemical indicators","docAbstract":"The sources of nitrate (NO-3) in groundwater of the shallow karst aquifer in southwestern Illinois' sinkhole plain were investigated using chemical and isotopic techniques. The groundwater in this aquifer is an important source of potable water for about half of the residents of the sinkhole plain area. Previous work has shown that groundwater from approximately 18% of the wells in the sinkhole plain has NO-3 concentrations in excess of the USEPA's drinking water standard of 10 mg N/1. Relative to background levels, the NO-3 concentrations in water from 52% of the wells, and probably all of the springs in the study area, are anomalously high, suggesting that sources other than naturally occurring soil organic matter have contributed additional NO-3 to groundwater in the shallow karst aquifer. This information, and the dominance of agriculture in the study area, suggest that agrichemical contributions may be significant. To test this hypothesis, water samples from 10 relatively large karst springs were collected during four different seasons and analyzed for inorganic constituents, dissolved organic carbon, atrazine, and ??15N and ??18O of the NO-3 ions. The isotopic data were most definitive and suggested that the sources of NO-3 in spring water are dominated by N-fertilizer with some possible influence of atmospheric NO-3 and, to a much lesser extent, human and/or animal waste. Differences in the isotopic composition of NO-3 and some of the chemical characteristics were observed during the four consecutive seasons in which spring water samples were collected. Isotopic values for ??15N and ??18O of the NO-3 ranged from 3.2??? to 19.1??? and from 7.2??? to 18.7???, respectively. The trend of ??15N and ??18O data for NO-3 also indicated that a significant degree of denitrification is occurring in the shallow karst hydrologic system (within the soil zone, the epikarst and the shallow karst aquifer) prior to discharging to springs. ?? 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0009-2541(01)00318-7","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Panno, S., Hackley, K.C., Hwang, H., and Kelly, W., 2001, Determination of the sources of nitrate contamination in karst springs using isotopic and chemical indicators: Chemical Geology, v. 179, no. 1-4, p. 113-128, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(01)00318-7.","startPage":"113","endPage":"128","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207599,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2541(01)00318-7"},{"id":232683,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"179","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ffdae4b0c8380cd4f423","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Panno, S.V.","contributorId":102990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Panno","given":"S.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hackley, Keith C.","contributorId":12166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hackley","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hwang, H.-H.","contributorId":6981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hwang","given":"H.-H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kelly, W.R.","contributorId":74120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70023351,"text":"70023351 - 2001 - Carbon dynamics within agricultural and native sites in the loess region of Western lowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:15","indexId":"70023351","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbon dynamics within agricultural and native sites in the loess region of Western lowa","docAbstract":"In order to quantify the historical changes in carbon storage that result from agricultural conversion, this study compared the carbon dynamics of two sites in the loess region of Iowa: a native prairie and a cropland. Field data were obtained to determine present-day carbon storage and its variability within a landscape (a stable ridgetop vs. eroding upper-midslope vs. depositional lower slope). Models were used to recreate the historical carbon budget of these sites and determine the cropland's potential to be a net CO2 source or sink, relative to the atmosphere. Regardless of slope position, the cropland site contains approximately half the amount of carbon as prairie. Variability in soil carbon storage within a site as a consequence of slope position is as large or larger (variations of 200-300%) than temporal variation (???200% at all slope positions). The most extreme difference in soil carbon storage between the cropland and prairie sites is found in the soil at the upper-midslope, which is the area of greatest erosion. The models estimate that 93-172% of the carbon in the original topsoil has been lost from the cropland's eroding midslope. Much of this carbon is derived from deeper soil horizons. Either a small sink or strong source of carbon to the atmosphere is created, depending on the fate of the eroded sediment and its associated carbon.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global Change Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1046/j.1354-1013.2001.00427.x","issn":"13541013","usgsCitation":"Manies, K., Harden, J., Kramer, L., and Parton, W., 2001, Carbon dynamics within agricultural and native sites in the loess region of Western lowa: Global Change Biology, v. 7, no. 5, p. 545-555, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1354-1013.2001.00427.x.","startPage":"545","endPage":"555","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":207577,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1354-1013.2001.00427.x"},{"id":232641,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-12-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f362e4b0c8380cd4b785","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Manies, K.L.","contributorId":23228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manies","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harden, J.W. 0000-0002-6570-8259","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":38585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kramer, L.","contributorId":14365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kramer","given":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Parton, W.J.","contributorId":89685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parton","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":397346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70023640,"text":"70023640 - 2001 - Olivine-liquid relations of lava erupted by Kilauea volcano from 1994 to 1998: Implications for shallow magmatic processes associated with the ongoing east-rift-zone eruption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-24T16:47:22.112866","indexId":"70023640","displayToPublicDate":"2001-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1177,"text":"Canadian Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Olivine-liquid relations of lava erupted by Kilauea volcano from 1994 to 1998: Implications for shallow magmatic processes associated with the ongoing east-rift-zone eruption","docAbstract":"<p><span>From 1994 through 1998, the eruption of Kîlauea, in Hawai’i, was dominated by steady-state effusion at Pu‘u ‘Ô‘ô that was briefly disrupted by an eruption 4 km uprift at Nāpau Crater on January 30, 1997. In this paper, I describe the systematic relations of whole-rock, glass, olivine, and olivine-inclusion compositions of lava samples collected throughout this interval. This suite comprises vent samples and tube-contained flows collected at variable distances from the vent. The glass composition of tube lava varies systematically with distance and allows for the “vent-correction” of glass thermometry and olivine–liquid&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><sub><i>D</i></sub><span>&nbsp;as a function of tube-transport distance. Combined olivine–liquid data for vent samples and “vent-corrected” lava-tube samples are used to document pre-eruptive magmatic conditions.&nbsp;</span><i>K</i><sub><i>D</i></sub><span>&nbsp;values determined for matrix glasses and forsterite cores define three types of olivine phenocrysts: type A (in equilibrium with host glass), type B (Mg-rich relative to host glass) and type C (Mg-poor relative to host glass). All three types of olivine have a cognate association with melts that are present within the shallow magmatic plumbing system during this interval. During steady-state eruptive activity, the compositions of whole-rock, glass and most olivine phenocrysts (type A) all vary sympathetically over time and as influenced by changes of magmatic pressure within the summit-rift-zone plumbing system. Type-A olivine is interpreted as having grown during passage from the summit magma-chamber along the east-rift-zone conduit. Type-B olivine (high Fo) is consistent with equilibrium crystallization from bulk-rock compositions and is likely to have grown within the summit magma-chamber. Lower-temperature, fractionated lava was erupted during non-steady-state activity of the Nāpau Crater eruption. Type-A and type-B olivine–liquid relations indicate that this lava is a mixture of rift-stored and summit-derived magmas. Post- Nāpau lava (at Pu‘u ‘Ô‘ô) gradually increases in temperature and MgO content, and contains type-C olivine with complex zoning, indicating magma hybridization associated with the flushing of rift-stored components through the eruption conduit.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Mineralogical Association of Canada","doi":"10.2113/gscanmin.39.2.239","usgsCitation":"Thornber, C.R., 2001, Olivine-liquid relations of lava erupted by Kilauea volcano from 1994 to 1998: Implications for shallow magmatic processes associated with the ongoing east-rift-zone eruption: Canadian Mineralogist, v. 39, no. 2, p. 239-266, https://doi.org/10.2113/gscanmin.39.2.239.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"239","endPage":"266","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":232224,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.401611328125,\n              19.169815723556237\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.01434326171872,\n              19.321511226817176\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.137939453125,\n              19.469181787843322\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.30548095703125,\n              19.43421929772403\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.40298461914062,\n              19.338357615423384\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.47164916992188,\n              19.233363381183896\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.401611328125,\n              19.169815723556237\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6d6ce4b0c8380cd75125","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thornber, Carl R. cthornber@usgs.gov","contributorId":2016,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thornber","given":"Carl","email":"cthornber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":398294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}