The U.S. Geological Survey estimated a mean of 220 million pounds of recoverable uranium oxide (U3O8 ) remaining as potential undiscovered resources in southern Texas. This estimate used a geology-based assessment method for Tertiary sandstone-hosted uranium deposits in the Texas Coastal Plain sedimentary strata (fig.1).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153069","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey Assessment Team, 2015, Assessment of undiscovered sandstone-hosted uranium resources in the Texas Coastal Plain, 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015–3069, 4 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20153069.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066466","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311278,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3069/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":311279,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3069/fs20153069.pdf","text":"Report","size":"12.0 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2015-3069"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.1630859375,\n 26.15543796871355\n ],\n [\n -97.55859375,\n 25.760319754713887\n ],\n [\n -97.998046875,\n 26.07652055985697\n ],\n [\n -98.4375,\n 26.115985925333536\n ],\n [\n -99.0966796875,\n 26.509904531413927\n ],\n [\n -99.5361328125,\n 27.21555620902969\n ],\n [\n -100.2392578125,\n 27.839076094777816\n ],\n [\n -100.8544921875,\n 29.113775395114416\n ],\n [\n -101.2060546875,\n 29.53522956294847\n ],\n [\n -101.0302734375,\n 30.524413269923986\n ],\n [\n -99.052734375,\n 30.93992433102347\n ],\n [\n -97.2509765625,\n 31.57853542647338\n ],\n [\n -96.416015625,\n 32.58384932565662\n ],\n [\n -95.4052734375,\n 33.61461929233378\n ],\n [\n -95.361328125,\n 33.94335994657882\n ],\n [\n -94.5703125,\n 33.687781758439364\n ],\n [\n -93.955078125,\n 33.137551192346145\n ],\n [\n -94.1748046875,\n 31.615965936476076\n ],\n [\n -93.515625,\n 31.015278981711266\n ],\n [\n -93.8232421875,\n 30.372875188118016\n ],\n [\n -93.603515625,\n 30.14512718337613\n ],\n [\n -93.8232421875,\n 29.611670115197377\n ],\n [\n -94.7900390625,\n 29.458731185355344\n ],\n [\n -95.09765625,\n 29.152161283318915\n ],\n [\n -95.6689453125,\n 28.69058765425071\n ],\n [\n -96.1083984375,\n 28.459033019728043\n ],\n [\n -96.8994140625,\n 27.800209937418252\n ],\n [\n -97.3388671875,\n 27.0982539061379\n ],\n [\n -97.3388671875,\n 26.58852714730864\n ],\n [\n -97.1630859375,\n 26.15543796871355\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-939
Denver Federal Center
Denver, CO 80225-0046
http://energy.usgs.gov/
The Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys (DGGS) and Division of Oil & Gas (DOG) are currently conducting a study of the hydrocarbon potential of Cook Inlet basin (LePain and others, 2011). The Tertiary stratigraphic section of the basin includes coal-bearing units that are prolific gas reservoirs, particularly the Neogene sandstones. The Paleogene sandstones are locally prolific oil reservoirs that are sourced largely from the underlying Middle Jurassic Tuxedni Group. Several large structures act as hydrocarbon traps and the possibility exists for stratigraphic traps although this potential has not been fully exploited. As part of this study a significant number of Tertiary sandstones from the basin have been already collected and analyzed (Helmold and others, 2013). Recent field programs have shifted attention to the Mesozoic stratigraphic section to ascertain whether it contains potential hydrocarbon reservoirs. During the 2013 Cook Inlet field season, two days were spent on the Iniskin Peninsula examining outcrops of the Middle Jurassic Gaikema Sandstone along the south shore of Chinitna Bay (fig. 7-1). A stratigraphic section approximately 34 m in thickness was measured and a detailed description was initiated (Stanley and others, 2015), but due to deteriorating weather it was not possible to complete the description. During the 2014 field season two additional days were spent completing work on the Gaikema section. Analyses of thin sections from six of the samples collected in 2013 are available for incorporation in this report (table 7-1). Data from samples collected during the 2014 field season will be included in future reports.
","language":"English","publisher":"Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys","publisherLocation":"Anchorage, AK","doi":"10.14509/29462","usgsCitation":"Helmold, K.P., and Stanley, R.G., 2015, Petrology and reservoir quality of the Gaikema Sandstone: Initial impressions: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Preliminary Interpretive Report, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.14509/29462.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"48","ipdsId":"IP-062972","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471585,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.14509/29462","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342211,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Chinitna Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -153.27,\n 59.8\n ],\n [\n -153.05,\n 59.8\n ],\n [\n -153.05,\n 59.875\n ],\n [\n -153.27,\n 59.875\n ],\n [\n -153.27,\n 59.8\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593910afe4b0764e6c5e8874","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Helmold, Kenneth P.","contributorId":69456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helmold","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stanley, Richard G. 0000-0001-6192-8783 rstanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-8783","contributorId":1832,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stanley","given":"Richard","email":"rstanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70157159,"text":"70157159 - 2015 - Rapid characterization of the 2015 Mw 7.8 Gorkha, Nepal, earthquake sequence and its seismotectonic context","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-23T16:03:33","indexId":"70157159","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T17:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid characterization of the 2015 Mw 7.8 Gorkha, Nepal, earthquake sequence and its seismotectonic context","docAbstract":"Earthquake response and related information products are important for placing recent seismic events into context and particularly for understanding the impact earthquakes can have on the regional community and its infrastructure. These tools are even more useful if they are available quickly, ahead of detailed information from the areas affected by such earthquakes. Here we provide an overview of the response activities and related information products generated and provided by the U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Information Center in association with the 2015 M 7.8 Gorkha, Nepal, earthquake. This group monitors global earthquakes 24 hrs/day and 7 days/week to provide rapid information on the location and size of recent events and to characterize the source properties, tectonic setting, and potential fatalities and economic losses associated with significant earthquakes. We present the timeline over which these products became available, discuss what they tell us about the seismotectonics of the Gorkha earthquake and its aftershocks, and examine how their information is used today, and might be used in the future, to help mitigate the impact of such natural disasters.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA","doi":"10.1785/0220150145","usgsCitation":"Hayes, G.P., Briggs, R.W., Barnhart, W.D., Yeck, W.L., McNamara, D.E., Wald, D.J., Nealy, J., Benz, H.M., Gold, R.D., Jaiswal, K.S., Marano, K., Earle, P.S., Hearne, M., Smoczyk, G.M., Wald, L.A., and Samsonov, S., 2015, Rapid characterization of the 2015 Mw 7.8 Gorkha, Nepal, earthquake sequence and its seismotectonic context: Seismological Research Letters, v. 86, no. 6, p. 1557-1567, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220150145.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1557","endPage":"1567","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068573","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312846,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Nepal","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": 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We analyze results and changes for the eastern part of the region. Ratio maps are presented, along with tables of ground motions and deaggregations for selected cities. The Charleston fault model was revised, and a new fault source for Charlevoix was added. Background seismicity sources utilized an updated catalog, revised completeness and recurrence models, and a new adaptive smoothing procedure. Maximum-magnitude models and ground motion models were also updated. Broad, regional hazard reductions of 5%–20% are mostly attributed to new ground motion models with stronger near-source attenuation. The revised Charleston fault geometry redistributes local hazard, and the new Charlevoix source increases hazard in northern New England. Strong increases in mid- to high-frequency hazard at some locations—for example, southern New Hampshire, central Virginia, and eastern Tennessee—are attributed to updated catalogs and/or smoothing.
","language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Engineering Research Institute","publisherLocation":"Berkeley","doi":"10.1193/110414EQS182M","usgsCitation":"Mueller, C., Boyd, O.S., Petersen, M.D., Moschetti, M.P., Rezaeian, S., and Shumway, A., 2015, Seismic hazard in the eastern United States: Earthquake Spectra, v. 31, no. 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The Integrated Waterbird Management and Monitoring programme (IWMM) represents one of the few attempts to monitor migrating waterbirds across entire flyways using targeted local surveys. This dataset included 13,208,785 waterfowl (eight Anas species) counted during 28,000 surveys at nearly 1,000 locations across the eastern United States between autumn 2010 and spring 2013 and was used to evaluate potential predictors of waterfowl abundance at the wetland scale. Mixed-effects, log-linear models of local abundance were built for the Atlantic and Mississippi flyways during spring and autumn migration to identify factors relating to habitat structure, forage availability, and migration timing that influence target dabbling duck species abundance. Results indicated that migrating dabbling ducks responded differently to environmental factors. While the factors identified demonstrated a high degree of importance, they were inconsistent across species, flyways and seasons. 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We observed a high degree of spatial variability in Cladophora deposition among beaches on Lake Michigan, even within local regions, with no clear regional pattern in the intensity of Cladophora deposition. A strong seasonal pattern in Cladophora deposition was observed, with the heaviest deposition occurring during mid-summer. Several beaches exhibited high temporal variability in Cladophora deposition over short time scales, suggesting that drifting algal mats may be extremely dynamic in nearshore environments of the Great Lakes. Cladophora deposition on Lake Michigan beaches was primarily related to the presence of nearshore structures, local population density, and nearshore bathymetry. There was relatively little evidence that waves, winds, or currents were associated with Cladophora deposition on beaches, but this may be due to the relatively poor resolution of existing nearshore hydrodynamic data. Developing a predictive understanding of beach-cast Cladophora dynamics in Great Lakes environments may require both intensive Cladophora monitoring and fine-scale local hydrodynamic modeling efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","publisherLocation":"Toronto","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2015.09.008","collaboration":"CSS-Dynamac; USGS Michigan Water Science Center; National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Riley, S.C., Tucker, T.R., Adams, J.V., Fogarty, L.R., and Lafrancois, B.M., 2015, Factors associated with the deposition of Cladophora on Lake Michigan beaches in 2012: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 41, no. 4, p. 1094-1105, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2015.09.008.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1094","endPage":"1105","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063264","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312650,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Lake Michigan beaches","volume":"41","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"567930c7e4b0da412f4fb561","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riley, Stephen C. 0000-0002-8968-8416 sriley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8968-8416","contributorId":2661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riley","given":"Stephen","email":"sriley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":571125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tucker, Taaja R. 0000-0003-1534-4677 trtucker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1534-4677","contributorId":5172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tucker","given":"Taaja","email":"trtucker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571126,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, Jean V. 0000-0002-9101-068X jvadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-068X","contributorId":3140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Jean","email":"jvadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fogarty, Lisa R. 0000-0003-0329-3251 lrfogart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0329-3251","contributorId":2053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fogarty","given":"Lisa","email":"lrfogart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":571128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lafrancois, Brenda Moraska","contributorId":68559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafrancois","given":"Brenda","email":"","middleInitial":"Moraska","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70186222,"text":"70186222 - 2015 - Forty years of grizzly bear recovery in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-29T21:03:34.152851","indexId":"70186222","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T16:00:27","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3802,"text":"Yellowstone Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Forty years of grizzly bear recovery in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
Lakes are prevalent in the Arctic and thus play a key role in regional hydrology. Since many Arctic lakes are shallow and ice grows thick (historically 2-m or greater), seasonal ice commonly freezes to the lake bed (bedfast ice) by winter's end. Bedfast ice fundamentally alters lake energy balance and melt-out processes compared to deeper lakes that exceed the maximum ice thickness (floating ice) and maintain perennial liquid water below floating ice. Our analysis of lakes in northern Alaska indicated that ice-out of bedfast ice lakes occurred on average 17 days earlier (22-June) than ice-out on adjacent floating ice lakes (9-July). Earlier ice-free conditions in bedfast ice lakes caused higher open-water evaporation, 28% on average, relative to floating ice lakes and this divergence increased in lakes closer to the coast and in cooler summers. Water isotopes (18O and 2H) indicated similar differences in evaporation between these lake types. Our analysis suggests that ice regimes created by the combination of lake depth relative to ice thickness and associated ice-out timing currently cause a strong hydrologic divergence among Arctic lakes. Thus understanding the distribution and dynamics of lakes by ice regime is essential for predicting regional hydrology. An observed regime shift in lakes to floating ice conditions due to thinner ice growth may initially offset lake drying because of lower evaporative loss from this lake type. This potential negative feedback caused by winter processes occurs in spite of an overall projected increase in evapotranspiration as the Arctic climate warms.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2015WR017362","usgsCitation":"Arp, C.D., Jones, B.M., Liljedahl, A.K., Hinkel, K., and Welker, J.A., 2015, Depth, ice thickness, and ice-out timing cause divergent hydrologic responses among Arctic lakes: Water Resources Research, v. 51, no. 12, p. 9379-9401, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017362.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"9379","endPage":"9401","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064849","costCenters":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471586,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015wr017362","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311769,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -158.18115234375,\n 68.4072675680943\n ],\n [\n -158.18115234375,\n 72.22210088942214\n ],\n [\n -147.8759765625,\n 72.22210088942214\n ],\n [\n -147.8759765625,\n 68.4072675680943\n ],\n [\n -158.18115234375,\n 68.4072675680943\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"51","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565ec4afe4b071e7ea54440b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arp, Christopher D.","contributorId":17330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arp","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Benjamin M. 0000-0002-1517-4711 bjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1517-4711","contributorId":2286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Benjamin","email":"bjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liljedahl, Anna K. 0000-0001-7114-6443","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7114-6443","contributorId":150135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liljedahl","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":6695,"text":"UAF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hinkel, Kenneth M.","contributorId":64170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinkel","given":"Kenneth M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Welker, Jeffery A.","contributorId":150136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Welker","given":"Jeffery","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12492,"text":"UAA Alaska Natural Heritage Program & Biological Sciences Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70160657,"text":"70160657 - 2015 - Non-invasive flow path characterization in a mining-impacted wetland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T15:29:32","indexId":"70160657","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Non-invasive flow path characterization in a mining-impacted wetland","docAbstract":"Time-lapse electrical resistivity (ER) was used to capture the dilution of a seasonal pulse of acid mine drainage (AMD) contamination in the subsurface of a wetland downgradient of the abandoned Pennsylvania mine workings in central Colorado. Data were collected monthly from mid-July to late October of 2013, with an additional dataset collected in June of 2014. Inversion of the ER data shows the development through time of multiple resistive anomalies in the subsurface, which corroborating data suggest are driven by changes in total dissolved solids (TDS) localized in preferential flow pathways. Sensitivity analyses on a synthetic model of the site suggest that the anomalies would need to be at least several meters in diameter to be adequately resolved by the inversions. The existence of preferential flow paths would have a critical impact on the extent of attenuation mechanisms at the site, and their further characterization could be used to parameterize reactive transport models in developing quantitative predictions of remediation strategies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"New York","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2015.10.002","usgsCitation":"Bethune, J., Randell, J., Runkel, R.L., and Singha, K., 2015, Non-invasive flow path characterization in a mining-impacted wetland: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 183, p. 29-39, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2015.10.002.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"39","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066981","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471587,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2015.10.002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":312932,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.24603271484375,\n 39.257778150283336\n ],\n [\n -106.24603271484375,\n 39.85915479295669\n ],\n [\n -105.08697509765625,\n 39.85915479295669\n ],\n [\n -105.08697509765625,\n 39.257778150283336\n ],\n [\n -106.24603271484375,\n 39.257778150283336\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"183","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56826b46e4b0a04ef4925b88","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bethune, James","contributorId":150889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bethune","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Randell, Jackie","contributorId":150890,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Randell","given":"Jackie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Runkel, Robert L. 0000-0003-3220-481X runkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-481X","contributorId":685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Robert","email":"runkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Singha, Kamini","contributorId":76733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singha","given":"Kamini","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70160877,"text":"70160877 - 2015 - A new record of the late Pleistocene coral Pocillopora palmata from the Dry Tortugas, Florida reef tract, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-04T13:31:13","indexId":"70160877","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3000,"text":"Palaios","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A new record of the late Pleistocene coral Pocillopora palmata from the Dry Tortugas, Florida reef tract, USA","docAbstract":"Pocilloporid corals dominated shallow-water environments in the Caribbean during much of the Cenozoic; however, the regional diversity of this family declined over the last 15 My, culminating with the extinction of its final member, Pocillopora palmata, during the latest Pleistocene. Here we present a new record of P. palmata from Dry Tortugas National Park in the Florida Keys and infer its likely age. Although most existing records of P. palmata are from the sub-aerial reef deposits of MIS5e (∼ 125 ka), the presently submerged reef in the Dry Tortugas was too deep (> 18 m) during this period to support significant reef growth. In contrast, the maximum water depth during MIS5a (∼ 82 ka) was only ∼ 5.6 m, which would have been ideal for P. palmata. Diagenetic alteration prevented direct dating of the samples; however, the similarity between the depths of the Pleistocene bedrock in the Dry Tortugas and other reefs in the Florida Keys, which have been previously dated to MIS5a, support the conclusion that P. palmata likely grew in the Dry Tortugas during this period. Our study provides important new information on the history of P. palmata, but it also highlights the vital need for more comprehensive studies of the Quaternary history of Caribbean reef development. With modern reef degradation already driving yet another restructuring of Caribbean coral assemblages, insights from past extinctions may prove critical in determining the prognosis of Caribbean reefs in the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM)","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK","doi":"10.2110/palo.2015.030","collaboration":"Ilsa B. Kuffner (USGS), Hai Cheng (U. Minnesota), and R. Lawrence Edwards (U. Minnesota)","usgsCitation":"Toth, L., Kuffner, I.B., Cheng, H., and Edwards, R.L., 2015, A new record of the late Pleistocene coral Pocillopora palmata from the Dry Tortugas, Florida reef tract, USA: Palaios, v. 30, no. 12, p. 827-835, https://doi.org/10.2110/palo.2015.030.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"827","endPage":"835","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065691","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313208,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Dry Tortugas National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.8618049621582,\n 24.631023880670345\n ],\n [\n -82.86755561828613,\n 24.633286469281998\n ],\n [\n -82.8742504119873,\n 24.633754585948758\n ],\n [\n -82.88128852844238,\n 24.63110190164926\n ],\n [\n -82.8823184967041,\n 24.62610846080021\n ],\n [\n -82.88008689880371,\n 24.621114820458505\n ],\n [\n -82.86961555480957,\n 24.620958765983687\n ],\n [\n -82.86043167114258,\n 24.619944407149372\n ],\n [\n -82.85313606262206,\n 24.623299562653035\n ],\n [\n -82.85511016845702,\n 24.627590909374685\n ],\n [\n -82.8618049621582,\n 24.631023880670345\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"568ba5bee4b0e7594ee77644","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Toth, Lauren T. ltoth@usgs.gov","contributorId":151036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toth","given":"Lauren T.","email":"ltoth@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":584128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kuffner, Ilsa B. 0000-0001-8804-7847 ikuffner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8804-7847","contributorId":3105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuffner","given":"Ilsa","email":"ikuffner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":584129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cheng, Hai","contributorId":85896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheng","given":"Hai","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":584130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Edwards, R. Lawrence","contributorId":69760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Lawrence","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":584131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159835,"text":"70159835 - 2015 - Quantifying soil carbon loss and uncertainty from a peatland wildfire using multi-temporal LiDAR","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-01T12:46:29","indexId":"70159835","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T13:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying soil carbon loss and uncertainty from a peatland wildfire using multi-temporal LiDAR","docAbstract":"Peatlands are a major reservoir of global soil carbon, yet account for just 3% of global land cover. Human impacts like draining can hinder the ability of peatlands to sequester carbon and expose their soils to fire under dry conditions. Estimating soil carbon loss from peat fires can be challenging due to uncertainty about pre-fire surface elevations. This study uses multi-temporal LiDAR to obtain pre- and post-fire elevations and estimate soil carbon loss caused by the 2011 Lateral West fire in the Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge, VA, USA. We also determine how LiDAR elevation error affects uncertainty in our carbon loss estimate by randomly perturbing the LiDAR point elevations and recalculating elevation change and carbon loss, iterating this process 1000 times. We calculated a total loss using LiDAR of 1.10 Tg C across the 25 km2 burned area. The fire burned an average of 47 cm deep, equivalent to 44 kg C/m2, a value larger than the 1997 Indonesian peat fires (29 kg C/m2). Carbon loss via the First-Order Fire Effects Model (FOFEM) was estimated to be 0.06 Tg C. Propagating the LiDAR elevation error to the carbon loss estimates, we calculated a standard deviation of 0.00009 Tg C, equivalent to 0.008% of total carbon loss. We conclude that LiDAR elevation error is not a significant contributor to uncertainty in soil carbon loss under severe fire conditions with substantial peat consumption. However, uncertainties may be more substantial when soil elevation loss is of a similar or smaller magnitude than the reported LiDAR error.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2015.09.017","usgsCitation":"Reddy, A.D., Hawbaker, T., Wurster, F., Zhu, Z., Ward, S., Newcomb, D., and Murray, R., 2015, Quantifying soil carbon loss and uncertainty from a peatland wildfire using multi-temporal LiDAR: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 170, p. 306-316, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2015.09.017.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"306","endPage":"316","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058007","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471590,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2015.09.017","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311766,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.52286529541016,\n 36.54522526304657\n ],\n [\n -76.52286529541016,\n 36.60726008752079\n ],\n [\n -76.46724700927734,\n 36.60726008752079\n ],\n [\n -76.46724700927734,\n 36.54522526304657\n ],\n [\n -76.52286529541016,\n 36.54522526304657\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"170","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565ec4b2e4b071e7ea544415","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2015.09.017","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2015.09.017","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Reddy A.D., Hawbaker T.J., Wurster F., Zhu Z., Ward S., Newcomb D., Murray R.","journalName":"Remote Sensing of Environment","publicationDate":"12/2015","auditedOn":"3/22/2016","publiclyAccessibleDate":"10/2/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reddy, Ashwan D. areddy@usgs.gov","contributorId":5347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reddy","given":"Ashwan","email":"areddy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hawbaker, Todd 0000-0003-0930-9154 tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-9154","contributorId":568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawbaker","given":"Todd","email":"tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wurster, F.","contributorId":150077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wurster","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17901,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service, Suffolk, VA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zhu, Zhiliang 0000-0002-6860-6936 zzhu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-6936","contributorId":150078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhiliang","email":"zzhu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ward, S.","contributorId":150079,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ward","given":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":17902,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service, Raleigh, NC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Newcomb, Doug","contributorId":150080,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Newcomb","given":"Doug","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17902,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service, Raleigh, NC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Murray, R.","contributorId":150081,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murray","given":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":17901,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service, Suffolk, VA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70159832,"text":"70159832 - 2015 - Challenges to a molecular approach to prey identification in the Burmese python, Python molurus bivittatus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-01T12:50:18","indexId":"70159832","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T13:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3840,"text":"PeerJ","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Challenges to a molecular approach to prey identification in the Burmese python, Python molurus bivittatus","docAbstract":"Molecular approaches to prey identification are increasingly useful in elucidating predator–prey relationships, and we aimed to investigate the feasibility of these methods to document the species identities of prey consumed by invasive Burmese pythons in Florida. We were particularly interested in the diet of young snakes, because visual identification of prey from this size class has proven difficult. We successfully extracted DNA from the gastrointestinal contents of 43 young pythons, as well as from several control samples, and attempted amplification of DNA mini-barcodes, a 130-bp region of COX1. Using a PNA clamp to exclude python DNA, we found that prey DNA was not present in sufficient quality for amplification of this locus in 86% of our samples. All samples from the GI tracts of young pythons contained only hair, and the six samples we were able to identify to species were hispid cotton rats. This suggests that young Burmese pythons prey predominantly on small mammals and that prey diversity among snakes of this size class is low. We discuss prolonged gastrointestinal transit times and extreme gastric breakdown as possible causes of DNA degradation that limit the success of a molecular approach to prey identification in Burmese pythons
","language":"English","publisher":"PeerJ","doi":"10.7717/peerj.1445","usgsCitation":"Falk, B., and Reed, R., 2015, Challenges to a molecular approach to prey identification in the Burmese python, Python molurus bivittatus: PeerJ, v. 3, e1445; 9 p., https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1445.","productDescription":"e1445; 9 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068526","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471588,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1445","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311767,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565ec4aee4b071e7ea544407","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Falk, Bryan 0000-0002-9690-5626 bfalk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9690-5626","contributorId":150075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falk","given":"Bryan","email":"bfalk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, Robert N. reedr@usgs.gov","contributorId":149307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Robert N.","email":"reedr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70159819,"text":"fs20153080 - 2015 - U.S. Geological Survey National Water Census: Colorado River Basin Geographic Focus Area Study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-12T13:28:19","indexId":"fs20153080","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T13:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-3080","title":"U.S. Geological Survey National Water Census: Colorado River Basin Geographic Focus Area Study","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey’s (USGS) concept of a national census (or accounting) of water resources has evolved over the last several decades as the Nation has experienced increasing concern over water availability for multiple competing uses. The implementation of a USGS National Water Census was described in the USGS 2007 science strategy document that identified the highest priority science topics for the decade 2007–17. In 2009, the SECURE Water Act (Public Law 111–11, subtitle F) authorized the USGS to create a Water Availability and Use Assessment Program for the Nation, and in 2012, the Department of the Interior WaterSMART initiative provided funding to begin implementation of the USGS National Water Census (NWC).
\nGenerally, the USGS NWC approaches water-availability assessment in terms of a “water budget.” The water-budget approach seeks to better quantify the inflows and outflows of water, as well as the change in storage volume, both nationally and at a regional scale and, by doing so, provides critical information to managers and stakeholders responsible for making water-availability decisions. The NWC has two primary components: Topical Studies and Geographic Focus Area Studies. Topical Studies do research on methods that can provide nationwide estimates of particular water-budget components at the subwatershed scale. Some examples of NWC Topical Studies include estimation of streamflow at ungaged locations; periodic quantification of evapotranspiration; and water use related to development of unconventional oil and gas. These efforts are planned to include additional topics in the future. Geographic Focus Area Studies (FASs) assess water availability and use within a defined geographic area, typically a surface-water drainage basin, to increase the understanding of factors affecting water availability in the region. In the FASs, local stakeholder input helps the USGS identify what components of the water budget are in most need of additional understanding or quantification. Focus Area Studies are planned as 3-year efforts and, typically, three FASs are ongoing in different parts of the country at any given time.
\nThe Colorado River Basin (CRB) and the Delaware and Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint (ACF) River Basins were selected by the Department of the Interior for the first round of FASs because of the perceived water shortages in the basins and potential conflicts over water supply and allocations. After gathering input from numerous stakeholders in the CRB, the USGS determined that surface-water resources in the basin were already being closely monitored and that the most important scientific contribution could be made by helping to improve estimates of four water-budget components: evapotranspiration losses, snowpack hydrodynamics, water-use information, and the relative importance of groundwater discharge in supporting streamflow across the basin. The purpose of this fact sheet is to provide a brief summary of the CRB FAS results as the study nears completion. Although some project results are still in the later stages of review and publication, this fact sheet provides an overall description of the work completed and cites the publications in which additional information can be found.
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National Water Availability and Use
Science Program
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
988 National Center
Reston, VA 20192
http://water.usgs.gov/watercensus/
The 21 October 1868 Hayward, California, earthquake is among the best-characterized historical earthquakes in California. In contrast to many other moderate-to-large historical events, the causative fault is clearly established. Published magnitude estimates have been fairly consistent, ranging from 6.8 to 7.2, with 95% confidence limits including values as low as 6.5. The magnitude is of particular importance for assessment of seismic hazard associated with the Hayward fault and, more generally, to develop appropriate magnitude–rupture length scaling relations for partially creeping faults. The recent reevaluation of archival accounts by Boatwright and Bundock (2008), together with the growing volume of well-calibrated intensity data from the U.S. Geological Survey “Did You Feel It?” (DYFI) system, provide an opportunity to revisit and refine the magnitude estimate. In this study, we estimate the magnitude using two different methods that use DYFI data as calibration. Both approaches yield preferred magnitude estimates of 6.3–6.6, assuming an average stress drop. A consideration of data limitations associated with settlement patterns increases the range to 6.3–6.7, with a preferred estimate of 6.5. Although magnitude estimates for historical earthquakes are inevitably uncertain, we conclude that, at a minimum, a lower-magnitude estimate represents a credible alternative interpretation of available data. We further discuss implications of our results for probabilistic seismic-hazard assessment from partially creeping faults.
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We determined daytime fish-habitat use and available habitat during August and October of the same year and observed differences in habitat selection among year classes. Water depth and cover played the greatest role in Steelhead habitat use. During summer and autumn, we found yearling Steelhead in areas with deeper water and more cover than where we observed subyearling Steelhead. Both year classes sought out areas with abundant cover during both seasons; this habitat was limited within the stream reach. Subyearling Steelhead were associated with more cover during autumn, even though available cover within the stream reach was greater during summer. Principal component analysis showed that variation in seasonal-habitat use was most pronounced for subyearling Steelhead and that yearling Steelhead were more selective in their habitat use than subyearling Steelhead. The results of this study contribute to a greater understanding of how this popular sportfish is adapting to a new environment and the factors that may limit juvenile Steelhead survival. Our findings provide valuable new insights into the seasonal-habitat requirements of subyearling and yearling Steelhead that can be used by fisheries managers to enhance and protect the species throughout the Great Lakes region.
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","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Washington D.C.","doi":"10.1890/ES15-00237.1","usgsCitation":"DuFour, M., May, C.J., Roseman, E., Ludsin, S.A., Vandergoot, C.S., Pritt, J., Fraker, M.E., Davis, J.J., Tyson, J.T., Miner, J.G., Marschall, E.A., and Mayer, C.M., 2015, Portfolio theory as a management tool to guide conservation and restoration of multi-stock fish populations: Ecosphere, v. 6, no. 12, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1890/ES15-00237.1.","productDescription":"21 p.","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066936","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471591,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/es15-00237.1","text":"Publisher Index 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sandvicensis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-08T10:32:37","indexId":"70159861","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mortality patterns in endangered Hawaiian geese (Nene; Branta sandvicensis)","docAbstract":"Understanding causes of death can aid management and recovery of endangered bird populations. Toward those ends, we systematically examined 300 carcasses of endangered Hawaiian Geese (Nene; Branta sandvicensis) from Hawaii, Maui, Molokai, and Kauai between 1992 and 2013. The most common cause of death was emaciation, followed by trauma (vehicular strikes and predation), and infectious/inflammatory diseases of which toxoplasmosis (infection with Toxoplasma gondii) predominated. Toxicoses were less common and were dominated by lead poisoning or botulism. For captive birds, inflammatory conditions predominated, whereas emaciation, trauma, and inflammation were common in free-ranging birds. Mortality patterns were similar for males and females. Trauma predominated for adults, whereas emaciation was more common for goslings. Causes of death varied among islands, with trauma dominating on Molokai, emaciation and inflammation on Kauai, emaciation on Hawaii, and inflammation and trauma on Maui. Understanding habitat or genetic-related factors that predispose Nene (particularly goslings) to emaciation might reduce the impact of this finding. In addition, trauma and infection with T. gondii are human-related problems that may be attenuated if effectively managed (e.g., road signs, enforcement of speed limits, feral cat [Felis catus] control). Such management actions might serve to enhance recovery of this endangered species.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.7589/2014-11-256","usgsCitation":"Work, T.M., Dagenais, J., Rameyer, R., and Breeden, R., 2015, Mortality patterns in endangered Hawaiian geese (Nene; Branta sandvicensis): Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 51, no. 3, p. 688-695, https://doi.org/10.7589/2014-11-256.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"688","endPage":"695","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1992-01-01","temporalEnd":"2013-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-062090","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311762,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"51","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565ec4b0e4b071e7ea544413","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Work, Thierry M. 0000-0002-4426-9090 thierry_work@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-9090","contributorId":1187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"Thierry","email":"thierry_work@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dagenais, Julie 0000-0001-5560-9946 jdagenais@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5560-9946","contributorId":5955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dagenais","given":"Julie","email":"jdagenais@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rameyer, Robert 0000-0002-2145-1746 bob_rameyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2145-1746","contributorId":150128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rameyer","given":"Robert","email":"bob_rameyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Breeden, Renee 0000-0001-5910-3627 rbreeden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5910-3627","contributorId":149679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breeden","given":"Renee","email":"rbreeden@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159860,"text":"70159860 - 2015 - Increased land use by Chukchi Sea polar bears in relation to changing sea ice conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-30T14:24:46","indexId":"70159860","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Increased land use by Chukchi Sea polar bears in relation to changing sea ice conditions","docAbstract":"Recent observations suggest that polar bears (Ursus maritimus) are increasingly using land habitats in some parts of their range, where they have minimal access to their preferred prey, likely in response to loss of their sea ice habitat associated with climatic warming. We used location data from female polar bears fit with satellite radio collars to compare land use patterns in the Chukchi Sea between two periods (1986–1995 and 2008–2013) when substantial summer sea-ice loss occurred. In both time periods, polar bears predominantly occupied sea-ice, although land was used during the summer sea-ice retreat and during the winter for maternal denning. However, the proportion of bears on land for > 7 days between August and October increased between the two periods from 20.0% to 38.9%, and the average duration on land increased by 30 days. The majority of bears that used land in the summer and for denning came to Wrangel and Herald Islands (Russia), highlighting the importance of these northernmost land habitats to Chukchi Sea polar bears. Where bears summered and denned, and how long they spent there, was related to the timing and duration of sea ice retreat. Our results are consistent with other studies supporting increased land use as a common response of polar bears to sea-ice loss. Implications of increased land use for Chukchi Sea polar bears are unclear, because a recent study observed no change in body condition or reproductive indices between the two periods considered here. This result suggests that the ecology of this region may provide a degree of resilience to sea ice loss. However, projections of continued sea ice loss suggest that polar bears in the Chukchi Sea and other parts of the Arctic may increasingly use land habitats in the future, which has the potential to increase nutritional stress and human-polar bear interactions.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0142213","usgsCitation":"Rode, K.D., Wilson, R.H., Regehr, E.V., St. Martin, M., Douglas, D., and Olson, J., 2015, Increased land use by Chukchi Sea polar bears in relation to changing sea ice conditions: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 11, e0142213; 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0142213.","productDescription":"e0142213; 18 p.","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064932","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471592,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0142213","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438661,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7BZ643N","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Chukchi Sea Polar Bear Locations, 1985-1996"},{"id":311761,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chukchi Sea","volume":"10","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565ec4b0e4b071e7ea544411","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rode, Karyn D. 0000-0002-3328-8202 krode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3328-8202","contributorId":5053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rode","given":"Karyn","email":"krode@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, Ryan H. 0000-0001-7740-7771","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7740-7771","contributorId":130989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Regehr, Eric V. 0000-0003-4487-3105","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4487-3105","contributorId":66364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regehr","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":12428,"text":"U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"St. Martin, Michelle","contributorId":150114,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"St. Martin","given":"Michelle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":150115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David C.","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Olson, Jay","contributorId":150116,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olson","given":"Jay","affiliations":[{"id":6681,"text":"Brigham Young University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70160371,"text":"70160371 - 2015 - Evaluation of the U.S. Geological Survey standard elevation products in a two-dimensional hydraulic modeling application for a low relief coastal floodplain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-23T11:00:01","indexId":"70160371","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of the U.S. Geological Survey standard elevation products in a two-dimensional hydraulic modeling application for a low relief coastal floodplain","docAbstract":"Growing use of two-dimensional (2-D) hydraulic models has created a need for high resolution data to support flood volume estimates, floodplain specific engineering data, and accurate flood inundation scenarios. Elevation data are a critical input to these models that guide the flood-wave across the landscape allowing the computation of valuable engineering specific data that provides a better understanding of flooding impacts on structures, debris movement, bed scour, and direction. High resolution elevation data are becoming publicly available that can benefit the 2-D flood modeling community. Comparison of these newly available data with legacy data suggests that better modeling outcomes are achieved by using 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) lidar point data and the derived 1 m Digital Elevation Model (DEM) product relative to the legacy 3 m, 10 m, or 30 m products currently available in the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Elevation Dataset. Within the low topographic relief of a coastal floodplain, the newer 3DEP data better resolved elevations within the forested and swampy areas achieving simulations that compared well with a historic flooding event. Results show that the 1 m DEM derived from 3DEP lidar source provides a more conservative estimate of specific energy, static pressure, and impact pressure for grid elements at maximum flow relative to the legacy DEM data. Better flood simulations are critically important in coastal floodplains where climate change driven storm frequency and sea level rise will contribute to more frequent flooding events.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.10.051","usgsCitation":"Witt, E.C., 2015, Evaluation of the U.S. Geological Survey standard elevation products in a two-dimensional hydraulic modeling application for a low relief coastal floodplain: Journal of Hydrology, v. 531, no. 3, p. 759-767, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.10.051.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"759","endPage":"767","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066431","costCenters":[{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312794,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","city":"Greenville","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.3298454284668,\n 35.628488848361336\n ],\n [\n -77.32804298400879,\n 35.60330002507124\n ],\n [\n -77.36005783081055,\n 35.604346810028304\n ],\n [\n -77.37645149230957,\n 35.61174370007563\n ],\n [\n -77.37722396850586,\n 35.62583776685229\n ],\n [\n -77.3298454284668,\n 35.628488848361336\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"531","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"567bd3bbe4b0a04ef491a1f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Witt, Emitt C. III 0000-0002-1814-7807 ecwitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1814-7807","contributorId":1612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witt","given":"Emitt","suffix":"III","email":"ecwitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5074,"text":"Center for Geospatial Information Science (CEGIS)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":582830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70170986,"text":"70170986 - 2015 - Probabilistic 3-D time-lapse inversion of magnetotelluric data: Application to an enhanced geothermal system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-17T10:44:52","indexId":"70170986","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Probabilistic 3-D time-lapse inversion of magnetotelluric data: Application to an enhanced geothermal system","docAbstract":"Surface-based monitoring of mass transfer caused by injections and extractions in deep boreholes is crucial to maximize oil, gas and geothermal production. Inductive electromagnetic methods, such as magnetotellurics, are appealing for these applications due to their large penetration depths and sensitivity to changes in fluid conductivity and fracture connectivity. In this work, we propose a 3-D Markov chain Monte Carlo inversion of time-lapse magnetotelluric data to image mass transfer following a saline fluid injection. The inversion estimates the posterior probability density function of the resulting plume, and thereby quantifies model uncertainty. To decrease computation times, we base the parametrization on a reduced Legendre moment decomposition of the plume. A synthetic test shows that our methodology is effective when the electrical resistivity structure prior to the injection is well known. The centre of mass and spread of the plume are well retrieved.We then apply our inversion strategy to an injection experiment in an enhanced geothermal system at Paralana, South Australia, and compare it to a 3-D deterministic time-lapse inversion. The latter retrieves resistivity changes that are more shallow than the actual injection interval, whereas the probabilistic inversion retrieves plumes that are located at the correct depths and oriented in a preferential north-south direction. To explain the time-lapse data, the inversion requires unrealistically large resistivity changes with respect to the base model. We suggest that this is partly explained by unaccounted subsurface heterogeneities in the base model from which time-lapse changes are inferred.
","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1093/gji/ggv406","usgsCitation":"Rosas-Carbajal, M., Linde, N., Peacock, J.R., Zyserman, F.I., Kalscheuer, T., and Thiel, S., 2015, Probabilistic 3-D time-lapse inversion of magnetotelluric data: Application to an enhanced geothermal system: Geophysical Journal International, v. 203, no. 3, p. 1946-1960, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggv406.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1946","endPage":"1960","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068406","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471594,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggv406","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":321296,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"203","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574d661fe4b07e28b6684bbd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosas-Carbajal, Marina","contributorId":169322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosas-Carbajal","given":"Marina","affiliations":[{"id":25473,"text":"Applied and Environmental Group, University of Lausanne, Switzerland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Linde, Nicolas","contributorId":169323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Linde","given":"Nicolas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25474,"text":"Institut de Physique du Globe, Paris, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peacock, Jared R. 0000-0002-0439-0224 jpeacock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0439-0224","contributorId":4996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peacock","given":"Jared","email":"jpeacock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zyserman, F. I.","contributorId":169324,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zyserman","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":25475,"text":"CONICET-Facultad de Ciencias Astronomicas y Geofisicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kalscheuer, Thomas","contributorId":169325,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kalscheuer","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25476,"text":"Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Thiel, Stephan","contributorId":169326,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thiel","given":"Stephan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25477,"text":"Geological Survey of South Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70160278,"text":"70160278 - 2015 - Validation of mercury tip-switch and accelerometer activity sensors for identifying resting and active behavior in bears","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-17T17:35:23","indexId":"70160278","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3671,"text":"Ursus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Validation of mercury tip-switch and accelerometer activity sensors for identifying resting and active behavior in bears","docAbstract":"Activity sensors are often included in wildlife transmitters and can provide information on the behavior and activity patterns of animals remotely. However, interpreting activity-sensor data relative to animal behavior can be difficult if animals cannot be continuously observed. In this study, we examined the performance of a mercury tip-switch and a tri-axial accelerometer housed in collars to determine whether sensor data can be accurately classified as resting and active behaviors and whether data are comparable for the 2 sensor types. Five captive bears (3 polar [Ursus maritimus] and 2 brown [U. arctos horribilis]) were fitted with a collar specially designed to internally house the sensors. The bears’ behaviors were recorded, classified, and then compared with sensor readings. A separate tri-axial accelerometer that sampled continuously at a higher frequency and provided raw acceleration values from 3 axes was also mounted on the collar to compare with the lower resolution sensors. Both accelerometers more accurately identified resting and active behaviors at time intervals ranging from 1 minute to 1 hour (≥91.1% accuracy) compared with the mercury tip-switch (range = 75.5–86.3%). However, mercury tip-switch accuracy improved when sampled at longer intervals (e.g., 30–60 min). Data from the lower resolution accelerometer, but not the mercury tip-switch, accurately predicted the percentage of time spent resting during an hour. Although the number of bears available for this study was small, our results suggest that these activity sensors can remotely identify resting versus active behaviors across most time intervals. We recommend that investigators consider both study objectives and the variation in accuracy of classifying resting and active behaviors reported here when determining sampling interval.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Bear Research and Management","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.2192/URSUS-D-14-00031.1","usgsCitation":"Jasmine Ware, Rode, K.D., Pagano, A.M., Bromaghin, J.F., Robbins, C.T., Erlenbach, J., Jensen, S., Amy Cutting, Nicassio-Hiskey, N., Amy Hash, Owen, M.A., and Heiko Jansen, 2015, Validation of mercury tip-switch and accelerometer activity sensors for identifying resting and active behavior in bears: Ursus, v. 26, no. 2, p. 8-18, https://doi.org/10.2192/URSUS-D-14-00031.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"8","endPage":"18","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059830","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312353,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5672994ae4b01a7f82451dc6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jasmine Ware","contributorId":150612,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jasmine Ware","affiliations":[{"id":5127,"text":"Washington State University, P.O. Box 644236, Pullman, WA 99164","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rode, Karyn D. 0000-0002-3328-8202 krode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3328-8202","contributorId":5053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rode","given":"Karyn","email":"krode@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":582413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pagano, Anthony M. 0000-0003-2176-0909 apagano@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2176-0909","contributorId":3884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pagano","given":"Anthony","email":"apagano@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":582415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bromaghin, Jeffrey F. 0000-0002-7209-9500 jbromaghin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7209-9500","contributorId":139899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bromaghin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jbromaghin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":582421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Robbins, Charles T.","contributorId":32436,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robbins","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5132,"text":"Washington State University, Pullman","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Erlenbach, Joy","contributorId":150614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Erlenbach","given":"Joy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5127,"text":"Washington State University, P.O. Box 644236, Pullman, WA 99164","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jensen, Shannon","contributorId":150619,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jensen","given":"Shannon","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18051,"text":"Alaska Zoo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Amy Cutting","contributorId":150615,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amy Cutting","affiliations":[{"id":18050,"text":"Oregon Zoo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Nicassio-Hiskey, Nicole","contributorId":150616,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicassio-Hiskey","given":"Nicole","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18050,"text":"Oregon Zoo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Amy Hash","contributorId":150617,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amy Hash","affiliations":[{"id":18050,"text":"Oregon Zoo","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Owen, Megan A.","contributorId":138918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Owen","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Heiko Jansen","contributorId":150618,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heiko Jansen","affiliations":[{"id":5127,"text":"Washington State University, P.O. Box 644236, Pullman, WA 99164","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70159871,"text":"70159871 - 2015 - Alpine biodiversity and assisted migration: The case of the American pika (Ochotona princeps)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-25T12:34:42","indexId":"70159871","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1004,"text":"Biodiversity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Alpine biodiversity and assisted migration: The case of the American pika (Ochotona princeps)","docAbstract":"Alpine mammals are predicted to be among the species most threatened by climate change, due to the projected loss and further fragmentation of alpine habitats. As temperature or precipitation regimes change, alpine mammals may also be faced with insurmountable barriers to dispersal. The slow rate or inability to adjust to rapidly shifting environmental conditions may cause isolated alpine species to become locally extirpated, resulting in reduced biodiversity. One proposed method for mitigating the impacts of alpine species loss is assisted migration. This method, which involves translocating a species to an area with more favourable climate and habitat characteristics, has become the subject of debate and controversy in the conservation community. The uncertainty associated with climate change projections, coupled with the thermal sensitivity of many alpine mammals, makes it difficult to a priori assess the efficacy of this technique as a conservation management tool. Here we present the American pika (Ochotona princeps) as a case study. American pikas inhabit rocky areas throughout the western US, and populations in some mountainous areas have become locally extirpated in recent years. We review known climatic and habitat requirements for this species, and also propose protocols designed to reliably identify favourable relocation areas. We present data related to the physiological constraints of this species and outline specific requirements which must be addressed for translocation of viable populations, including wildlife disease and genetic considerations. Finally, we discuss potential impacts on other alpine species and alpine communities, and overall implications for conserving alpine biodiversity in a changing climate.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.1080/14888386.2015.1112304","usgsCitation":"Wilkening, J.L., Ray, C., Ramsay, N.G., and Klingler, K., 2015, Alpine biodiversity and assisted migration: The case of the American pika (Ochotona princeps): Biodiversity, v. 16, no. 4, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1080/14888386.2015.1112304.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067134","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311784,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.04687499999999,\n 49.095452162534826\n ],\n [\n -105.29296874999999,\n 49.095452162534826\n ],\n [\n -104.23828125,\n 44.902577996288876\n ],\n [\n -103.88671875,\n 40.979898069620155\n ],\n [\n -103.798828125,\n 38.548165423046584\n ],\n [\n -103.271484375,\n 36.24427318493909\n ],\n [\n -103.095703125,\n 34.379712580462204\n ],\n [\n -103.0078125,\n 32.10118973232094\n ],\n [\n -104.4140625,\n 31.50362930577303\n ],\n [\n -106.34765625,\n 31.57853542647338\n ],\n [\n -108.19335937499999,\n 31.728167146023935\n ],\n [\n -111.357421875,\n 31.353636941500987\n ],\n [\n -114.78515624999999,\n 32.694865977875075\n ],\n [\n -117.42187500000001,\n 32.694865977875075\n ],\n [\n -118.125,\n 33.211116472416855\n ],\n [\n -119.44335937499999,\n 33.94335994657882\n ],\n [\n -121.025390625,\n 34.161818161230386\n ],\n [\n -121.81640624999999,\n 35.24561909420681\n ],\n [\n -123.22265625000001,\n 37.16031654673677\n ],\n [\n -124.365234375,\n 38.61687046392973\n ],\n [\n -124.45312499999999,\n 39.774769485295465\n ],\n [\n -125.15625000000001,\n 41.244772343082076\n ],\n [\n -124.892578125,\n 41.902277040963696\n ],\n [\n -125.24414062499999,\n 43.51668853502909\n ],\n [\n -124.71679687499999,\n 45.27488643704894\n ],\n [\n -124.71679687499999,\n 47.2195681123155\n ],\n [\n -125.068359375,\n 48.574789910928864\n ],\n [\n -123.31054687499999,\n 48.3416461723746\n ],\n [\n -123.04687499999999,\n 49.095452162534826\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5660243ae4b071e7ea544ca5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilkening, Jennifer L. 0000-0001-8748-4578","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8748-4578","contributorId":127685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilkening","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7111,"text":"U. 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We used a system to monitor the presence during the day of two radio-collared Gray Wolves within 2 km of a radio-collared White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) with a fawn or fawns in August 2013 in the Superior National Forest of northeastern Minnesota. We concluded that the fawn or fawns were at risk of predation by at least one wolf at least daily.
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David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morris, Aaron","contributorId":156298,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morris","given":"Aaron","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":20305,"text":"Hamline University, St. Paul, MN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barber-Meyer, Shannon M. 0000-0002-3048-2616 sbarber-meyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3048-2616","contributorId":4422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber-Meyer","given":"Shannon M.","email":"sbarber-meyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":597371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70160012,"text":"70160012 - 2015 - On the prediction of threshold friction velocity of wind erosion using soil reflectance spectroscopy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-09T09:56:53","indexId":"70160012","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":666,"text":"Aeolian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the prediction of threshold friction velocity of wind erosion using soil reflectance spectroscopy","docAbstract":"Current approaches to estimate threshold friction velocity (TFV) of soil particle movement, including both experimental and empirical methods, suffer from various disadvantages, and they are particularly not effective to estimate TFVs at regional to global scales. Reflectance spectroscopy has been widely used to obtain TFV-related soil properties (e.g., moisture, texture, crust, etc.), however, no studies have attempted to directly relate soil TFV to their spectral reflectance. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between soil TFV and soil reflectance in the visible and near infrared (VIS–NIR, 350–2500 nm) spectral region, and to identify the best range of wavelengths or combinations of wavelengths to predict TFV. Threshold friction velocity of 31 soils, along with their reflectance spectra and texture were measured in the Mojave Desert, California and Moab, Utah. A correlation analysis between TFV and soil reflectance identified a number of isolated, narrow spectral domains that largely fell into two spectral regions, the VIS area (400–700 nm) and the short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) area (1100–2500 nm). A partial least squares regression analysis (PLSR) confirmed the significant bands that were identified by correlation analysis. The PLSR further identified the strong relationship between the first-difference transformation and TFV at several narrow regions around 1400, 1900, and 2200 nm. The use of PLSR allowed us to identify a total of 17 key wavelengths in the investigated spectrum range, which may be used as the optimal spectral settings for estimating TFV in the laboratory and field, or mapping of TFV using airborne/satellite sensors.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Society of Aeolian Research","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2015.10.001","usgsCitation":"Li, J., Flagg, C.B., Okin, G.S., Painter, T.H., Dintwe, K., and Belnap, J., 2015, On the prediction of threshold friction velocity of wind erosion using soil reflectance spectroscopy: Aeolian Research, v. 19, no. A, p. 129-136, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeolia.2015.10.001.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"136","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066251","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471596,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeolia.2015.10.001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":312061,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"A","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56695edae4b08895842a1c91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Li, Junran","contributorId":23418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Junran","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flagg, Cody B. cflagg@usgs.gov","contributorId":4573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flagg","given":"Cody","email":"cflagg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Okin, Gregory S.","contributorId":50025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okin","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Painter, Thomas H.","contributorId":12378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Painter","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dintwe, Kebonye","contributorId":150409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dintwe","given":"Kebonye","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18017,"text":"Department of Geography, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70175000,"text":"70175000 - 2015 - Western water and climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-27T11:37:12","indexId":"70175000","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Western water and climate change","docAbstract":"The western United States is a region long defined by water challenges. Climate change adds to those historical challenges, but does not, for the most part, introduce entirely new challenges; rather climate change is likely to stress water supplies and resources already in many cases stretched to, or beyond, natural limits. Projections are for continued and, likely, increased warming trends across the region, with a near certainty of continuing changes in seasonality of snowmelt and streamflows, and a strong potential for attendant increases in evaporative demands. Projections of future precipitation are less conclusive, although likely the northernmost West will see precipitation increases while the southernmost West sees declines. However, most of the region lies in a broad area where some climate models project precipitation increases while others project declines, so that only increases in precipitation uncertainties can be projected with any confidence. Changes in annual and seasonal hydrographs are likely to challenge water managers, users, and attempts to protect or restore environmental flows, even where annual volumes change little. Other impacts from climate change (e.g., floods and water-quality changes) are poorly understood and will likely be location dependent.
\nIn this context, four iconic river basins offer glimpses into specific challenges that climate change may bring to the West. The Colorado River is a system in which overuse and growing demands are projected to be even more challenging than climate-change-induced flow reductions. The Rio Grande offers the best example of how climate-change-induced flow declines might sink a major system into permanent drought. The Klamath is currently projected to face the more benign precipitation future, but fisheries and irrigation management may face dire straits due to warming air temperatures, rising irrigation demands, and warming waters in a basin already hobbled by tensions between endangered fisheries and agricultural demands. Finally, California's Bay-Delta system is a remarkably localized and severe weakness at the heart of the region's trillion-dollar economy. It is threatened by the full range of potential climate-change impacts expected across the West, along with major vulnerabilities to increased flooding and rising sea levels.
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