{"pageNumber":"1138","pageRowStart":"28425","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46734,"records":[{"id":44877,"text":"wri20014267 - 2001 - Surface-water, water-quality, and ground-water assessment of the Municipio of Carolina, Puerto Rico, 1997-99","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:14","indexId":"wri20014267","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4267","title":"Surface-water, water-quality, and ground-water assessment of the Municipio of Carolina, Puerto Rico, 1997-99","docAbstract":"To meet the increasing need for a safe and adequate supply of water in the municipio of Carolina, an integrated surface-water, water-quality, and ground-water assessment of the area was conducted. The major results of this study and other important hydrologic and water-quality features were compiled in a Geographic Information System and are presented in two 1:30,000-scale map plates to facilitate interpretation and use of the diverse water-resources data. \r\n\r\nBecause the supply of safe drinking water was a critical issue during recent dry periods, the surface-water assessment portion of this study focused on analysis of low-flow characteristics in local streams and rivers. Low-flow characteristics were evaluated for one continuous-record gaging station, based on graphical curve-fitting techniques and log-Pearson Type III frequency analysis. Estimates of low-flow characteristics for seven partial-record stations were generated using graphical-correlation techniques. Flow-duration characteristics were computed for the one continuous-record gaging station and were estimated for the partial-record stations using the relation curves developed from the low-flow study. Stream low-flow statistics document the general hydrology under current land and water use. Low-flow statistics may substantially change as a result of streamflow diversions for public supply, and an increase in ground-water development, waste-water discharges, and flood-control measures; the current analysis provides baseline information to evaluate these impacts and develop water budgets. \r\n\r\nA sanitary quality survey of streams utilized 29 sampling stations to evaluate the sanitary quality of about 87 miles of stream channels. River and stream samples were collected on two occasions during base-flow conditions and were analyzed for fecal coliform and fecal streptococcus. Bacteriological analyses indicate that a significant portion of the stream reaches within the municipio of Carolina may have fecal coliform concentrations above the water-quality goal established by the Puerto Rico Environmental Quality Board (Junta de Calidad Ambiental de Puerto Rico) for inland surface waters. Sources of fecal contamination may include: illegal discharge of sewage to storm-water drains, malfunctioning sanitary sewer ejectors, clogged and leaking sewage pipes, septic tank leakage, unfenced livestock, and runoff from livestock pens. Long-term fecal coliform data at two sampling stations, Quebrada Blasina in Carolina and the Rio Grande de Loiza, downstream from the town of Trujillo Alto, indicate that the sanitary quality of Quebrada Blasina is and has generally been poor for more than a decade. The sanitary quality of the Rio Grande de Loiza has generally been in compliance with the water-quality goal standard fecal coliform concentrations established in July 1990 by the Puerto Rico Environmental Quality Board. \r\n\r\nGeologic, topographic, soil, hydrogeologic, and streamflow data were used to divide the municipio of Carolina into five hydrogeologic terranes. This integrated database was then used to evaluate the ground-water potential of each hydrogeologic terrane. Analysis suggests that areas with slopes greater than 15 degrees have relatively low ground-water development potential. Fractures may be locally important in enhancing the water-bearing properties in the hydrogeologic terranes containing igneous rocks. Potentiometric-surface elevations recorded in piezometers installed in the coastal area during this study were used to define ground-water flow directions in the hydrogeologic terranes composed of coastal plain clastic and limestone units. The resultant potentiometric map indicates that the coastal plain aquifer and streams in the lowland parts of the municipio of Carolina are hydraulically connected. The potentiometric map also indicates that ground-water discharge to the Rio Grande de Loiza, downstream from highway PR-3, has been enhanced by dredging of the streambed for ","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri20014267","collaboration":"In cooperation with the\r\nMUNICIPIO AUTONOMO DE CAROLINA, PUERTO RICO\r\nOFFICE OF THE MAYOR","usgsCitation":"Rodríguez-Martínez, J., Gómez-Gómez, F., Santiago-Rivera, L., and Oliveras-Feliciano, M., 2001, Surface-water, water-quality, and ground-water assessment of the Municipio of Carolina, Puerto Rico, 1997-99: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4267, v, 45 p. : col. ill., maps (some col.) ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20014267.","productDescription":"v, 45 p. : col. ill., maps (some col.) ; 28 cm.","temporalStart":"1997-01-01","temporalEnd":"1999-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134788,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9211,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri01-4267/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 66.00,18.29 ], [ 66.00,18.46 ], [ 65.88,18.46 ], [ 65.88,18.29 ], [ 66.00,18.29 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a61a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rodríguez-Martínez, Jesús","contributorId":48149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodríguez-Martínez","given":"Jesús","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gómez-Gómez, Fernando","contributorId":31366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gómez-Gómez","given":"Fernando","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Santiago-Rivera, Luis","contributorId":83888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Santiago-Rivera","given":"Luis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oliveras-Feliciano, M. L.","contributorId":54959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oliveras-Feliciano","given":"M. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":26484,"text":"wri004284 - 2001 - Selected data from field studies of pesticide runoff to surface waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:31","indexId":"wri004284","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4284","title":"Selected data from field studies of pesticide runoff to surface waters","docAbstract":"Citations from the scientific literature for studies that quantified selected pesticides in field runoff or streams were obtained from two computerized bibliographic databases: Chemical Abstracts and AGRICOLA. Selected data were extracted from studies in field environments that lasted longer than a day and are summarized here. The data extracted from each article, if available, include pesticide information, environmental setting, year of study, and the mass of the pesticide in runoff as a percent of the mass applied. Data from two national studies of pesticides in surface waters done by the U.S. Geological Survey (National Water-Quality Assessment Program, 1992?1995, and National Stream-Quality Accounting Network, 1996-1998) also are summarized.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri004284","usgsCitation":"Capel, P.D., Winterstein, T.A., and Larson, S., 2001, Selected data from field studies of pesticide runoff to surface waters: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4284, v, 70 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004284.","productDescription":"v, 70 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95603,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4284/report.pdf","size":"4986","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158050,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2000/4284/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa601","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Capel, Paul D. 0000-0003-1620-5185 capel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1620-5185","contributorId":1002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capel","given":"Paul","email":"capel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":196467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winterstein, Thomas A.","contributorId":25971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winterstein","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Larson, Steven J.","contributorId":29845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Steven J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":54913,"text":"wdrOR011 - 2001 - Water resources data, Oregon, water year 2001","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-29T20:45:27.291394","indexId":"wdrOR011","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"OR-01-1","title":"Water resources data, Oregon, water year 2001","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wdrOR011","usgsCitation":"Herrett, T., Hess, G.W., House, J., Ruppert, G., and Courts, M., 2001, Water resources data, Oregon, water year 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report OR-01-1, xxviii, 430 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrOR011.","productDescription":"xxviii, 430 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,{"id":55160,"text":"wdrNE001 - 2001 - Water resources data, Nebraska, water year 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-30T14:02:44","indexId":"wdrNE001","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"NE-00-1","title":"Water resources data, Nebraska, water year 2000","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wdrNE001","usgsCitation":"Engel, G., 2001, Water resources data, Nebraska, water year 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report NE-00-1, 428 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrNE001.","productDescription":"428 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,{"id":54928,"text":"wdrPA003 - 2001 - Water resources data, Pennsylvania, water year 2000. Volume 3. Ohio and St. Lawrence River Basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-15T10:11:55","indexId":"wdrPA003","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"PA-00-3","title":"Water resources data, Pennsylvania, water year 2000. Volume 3. Ohio and St. Lawrence River Basins","docAbstract":"<h1>Introduction</h1><p>The Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with State, municipal, and Federal agencies, collects a large amount of data pertaining to the water resources of Pennsylvania each water year. These data, accumulated during many water years, constitute a valuable data base for developing an improved understanding of the water resources of the State. To make these data readily available to interested parties outside the Geological Survey, these data are published annually in this report series entitled \"Water Resources Data - Pennsylvania, Volumes 1, 2, and 3.\" Volume 1 contains data for the Delaware River Basin; Volume 2, the Susquehanna and Potomac River Basins; and Volume 3, the Ohio and St. Lawrence River Basins.</p><p>This report, Volume 3, contains: (1) discharge records for 58 continuous-record streamflow-gaging stations, 5 partial-record stations, and 12 special study and miscellaneous streamflow sites; (2) elevation and contents records for 11 lakes and reservoirs; (3) water-quality records for 1 streamflow gaging station and 8 ungaged streamsites; and (4) water-level records for 15 ground-water network observation wells and. Additional water data collected at various sites not involved in the systematic data-collection program may also be presented.</p><p>Publications similar to this report are published annually by the Geological Survey for all States. For the purpose of archiving, these official reports have an identification number consisting of the two-letter State abbreviation, the last two digits of the water year, and the volume number. For example, this volume is identified as \"U.S. Geological Survey Water-Data Report PA-00-3.\" These water-data reports, beginning with the 1971 water year, are for sale as paper copy or microfiche by the National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, Springfield, VA 22161.</p><p>The annual series of Water Data Reports for Pennsylvania began with the 1961 water-year report and contained only data relating to quantities of surface water. With the 1964 water year, a companion report (part 2) was introduced that contained only data relating to water quality. Beginning with the 1975 water year the report was changed to three volumes (by river basin), with each volume containing data on quantities of surface water, quality of surface and ground water, and ground-water levels.</p><p>Prior to the introduction of this series and for several years concurrent with it, water-resources data for Pennsylvania were published in U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Papers. Data on stream discharge and stage, and on lake or reservoir contents and stage, through September 1960, were published annually under the title \"Surface-Water Supply of the United States,\" which was released in numbered parts as determined by natural drainage basins. For the 1961-70 water years, these data were published in two 5-year reports. Data prior to 1961 are included in two reports: \"Compilation of Records of Surface Waters of the United States through 1950,\" and \"Compilation of Records of Surface Waters of the United States, October 1950 to September 1960.\" Data for Pennsylvania are published in Parts 1, 3, and 4. Data on chemical quality, temperature, and suspended sediment for the 1941-70 water years were published annually under the title \"Quality of Surface Waters of the United States,\" and ground-water levels for the 1935-74 water years were published annually under the title \"Ground-Water Levels in the United States.\" The above mentioned Water-Supply Papers may be consulted in the libraries of the principal cities of the United States and may be purchased from the U.S. Geological Survey, Information Services, Box 25286, Denver, CO 80225.</p><p>Information for ordering specific reports may be obtained from the Pennsylvania District Office at the address on the back of the title page or by phoning the Scientific and Technical Products Section at (717) 730-6940. Information on the availability of unpublished data or statistical analyses may be obtained from the District Information Specialist by telephone at (717) 730-6916 or by FAX at (717) 730-6997.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wdrPA003","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, the Pittsburgh District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and with other State, municipal, and Federal agencies.","usgsCitation":"Siwicki, R.W., 2001, Water resources data, Pennsylvania, water year 2000. Volume 3. Ohio and St. Lawrence River Basins: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report PA-00-3, 226 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrPA003.","productDescription":"226 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":5535,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/2000/oh-00/wdroh2000.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"WDR PA-00-3"},{"id":177449,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/2000/oh-00/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_pa@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_pa@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"https://pa.water.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"https://pa.water.usgs.gov/\">Pennsylvania Water Science Center</a><br> U.S. Geological Survey <br> 215 Limekiln Road <br> New Cumberland, PA 17070</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Preface</li><li>List of surface-water stations, in downstream order, for which records are published in this volume</li><li>List of ground-water wells, by county, for which records are published in this volume</li><li>List of discontinued continuous-record surface-water discharge stations</li><li>List of discontinued continuous-record surface-water-quality stations</li><li>Pennsylvania District office locations and addresses</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Cooperation</li><li>Summary of hydrologic conditions</li><li>Special networks and programs</li><li>Explanation of the records&nbsp;</li><li>Access to USGS Water Data</li><li>Definition of terms</li><li>Publications on Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations</li><li>Special Notes, Remark Codes, and Selected Constituent Definitions</li><li>Station records, surface water</li><li>Special Notes, Remark Codes, and Selected Constituent Definitions</li><li>Station records, ground water</li><li>Index&nbsp;</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fac38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Siwicki, Raymond W.","contributorId":12548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siwicki","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":252058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30769,"text":"fs11801 - 2001 - The National Map - Utah Transportation Pilot Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:08","indexId":"fs11801","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"118-01","title":"The National Map - Utah Transportation Pilot Project","docAbstract":"Governments depend on a common set of geographic base information as a tool for economic and community development, land and natural resource management, and health and safety services. Emergency management and defense operations rely on this information. Private industry, nongovernmental organizations, and individual citizens use the same geographic data. Geographic information underpins an increasingly large part of the Nation's economy.\r\n\r\nAvailable geographic data often have the following problems:\r\n* They do not align with each other because layers are frequently created or revised separately,\r\n* They do not match across administrative boundaries because each producing organization uses different methods and standards, and\r\n* They are not up to date because of the complexity and cost of revision.\r\n\r\n\r\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is developing The National Map to be a seamless, continuously maintained, and nationally consistent set of online, public domain, geographic base information to address these issues. The National Map will serve as a foundation for integrating, sharing, and using other data easily and consistently.\r\n\r\n\r\nIn collaboration with other government agencies, the private sector, academia, and volunteer groups, the USGS will coordinate, integrate, and, where needed, produce and maintain base geographic data.\r\n\r\n\r\nThe National Map will include digital orthorectified imagery; elevation data; vector data for hydrography, transportation, boundary, and structure features; geographic names; and land cover information. The data will be the source of revised paper topographic maps.\r\n\r\n\r\nMany technical and institutional issues must be resolved as The National Map is implemented. To begin the refinement of this new paradigm, pilot projects are being designed to identify and investigate these issues. The pilots are the foundation upon which future partnerships for data sharing and maintenance will be built.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs11801","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001, The National Map - Utah Transportation Pilot Project: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 118-01, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs11801.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160528,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2001/0118/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59491,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2001/0118/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67afc1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":44910,"text":"wri20014054 - 2001 - User's Guide for Mixed-Size Sediment Transport Model for Networks of One-Dimensional Open Channels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:11","indexId":"wri20014054","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4054","title":"User's Guide for Mixed-Size Sediment Transport Model for Networks of One-Dimensional Open Channels","docAbstract":"This user's guide describes a mathematical model for predicting the transport of mixed sizes of sediment by flow in networks of one-dimensional open channels. The simulation package is useful for general sediment routing problems, prediction of erosion and deposition following dam removal, and scour in channels at road embankment crossings or other artificial structures. The model treats input hydrographs as stepwise steady-state, and the flow computation algorithm automatically switches between sub- and supercritical flow as dictated by channel geometry and discharge. A variety of boundary conditions including weirs and rating curves may be applied both external and internal to the flow network. The model may be used to compute flow around islands and through multiple openings in embankments, but the network must be 'simple' in the sense that the flow directions in all channels can be specified before simulation commences. The location and shape of channel banks are user specified, and all bedelevation changes take place between these banks and above a user-specified bedrock elevation. Computation of sediment-transport emphasizes the sand-size range (0.0625-2.0 millimeter) but the user may select any desired range of particle diameters including silt and finer (<0.0625 millimeter). As part of data input, the user may set the original bed-sediment composition of any number of layers of known thickness. The model computes the time evolution of total transport and the size composition of bed- and suspended-load sand through any cross section of interest. It also tracks bed -surface elevation and size composition. The model is written in the FORTRAN programming language for implementation on personal computers using the WINDOWS operating system and, along with certain graphical output display capability, is accessed from a graphical user interface (GUI). The GUI provides a framework for selecting input files and parameters of a number of components of the sediment-transport process. There are no restrictions in the use of the model as to numbers of channels, channel junctions, cross sections per channel, or points defining the cross sections. Following completion of the simulation computations, the GUI accommodates display of longitudinal plots of either bed elevation and size composition, or of transport rate and size composition of the various components, for individual channels and selected times during the simulation period. For individual cross sections, the GUI also allows display of time series of transport rate and size composition of the various components and of bed elevation and size composition.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/wri20014054","usgsCitation":"Bennett, J.P., 2001, User's Guide for Mixed-Size Sediment Transport Model for Networks of One-Dimensional Open Channels: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4054, iv, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20014054.","productDescription":"iv, 33 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":162704,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4054/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":82248,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4054/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db60423c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bennett, James P.","contributorId":100323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":50061,"text":"fs05001 - 2001 - Water quality in the Yukon River basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-23T17:02:13","indexId":"fs05001","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"050-01","displayTitle":"Water Quality in the Yukon River Basin","title":"Water quality in the Yukon River basin","docAbstract":"The Yukon River Basin, which encompasses 330,000 square miles in northwestern Canada and central Alaska (Fig. 1), is one of the largest and most diverse ecosystems in North America. The Yukon River is also fundamental to the ecosystems of the eastern Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea, providing most of the freshwater runoff, sediments, and dissolved solutes. Despite its remoteness and perceived invulnerability, the Yukon River Basin is changing. For example, records of air temperature during 1961-1990 indicate a warming trend of about 0.75 deg C per decade at latitudes where the Yukon River is located. Increases in temperature will have wide-ranging effects on permafrost distribution, glacial runoff and the movement of carbon and nutrients within and from the basin. In addition, Alaska has many natural resources such as timber, minerals, gas, and oil that may be developed in future years. As a consequence of these changes, several issues of scientific and cultural concern have come to the forefront. At present, water quality data for the Yukon River Basin are very limited. This fact sheet describes a program to provide the data that are needed to address these issues.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs05001","usgsCitation":"Brabets, T.P., Hooper, R., and Landa, E., 2001, Water quality in the Yukon River basin: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 050-01, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs05001.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":120576,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_050_01.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -168,58 ], [ -168,70 ], [ -128,70 ], [ -128,58 ], [ -168,58 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa112","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brabets, Timothy P. tbrabets@usgs.gov","contributorId":2087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brabets","given":"Timothy","email":"tbrabets@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":240711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hooper, Rick","contributorId":75213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"Rick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":240712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landa, Ed","contributorId":83594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landa","given":"Ed","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":240713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":54208,"text":"wdrTX001 - 2001 - Water resources data Texas, water year 2000, volume 1. Arkansas River basin, Red River basin, Sabine River basin, Neches River basin, and intervening coastal basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T11:15:53","indexId":"wdrTX001","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"TX-00-1","title":"Water resources data Texas, water year 2000, volume 1. Arkansas River basin, Red River basin, Sabine River basin, Neches River basin, and intervening coastal basins","docAbstract":"Water-resources data for the 2000 water year for Texas are presented in six volumes, and consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams and canals; stage, contents, and water-quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of ground-water wells. Volume 1 contains records for water discharge at 68 gaging stations; stage only at 3 gaging stations; stage and contents at 37 lakes and reservoirs; water quality at 39 gaging stations; and data for 9 partial-record stations comprised of 6 flood-hydrograph and 3 low-flow stations. Also included are lists of discontinued surface-water discharge or stage-only stations and discontinued surface-water-quality stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites, not part of the systematic data-collection program, and are published as miscellaneous measurements. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating Federal, State, and local agencies in Texas. Records for a few pertinent stations in the bordering States also are included.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrTX001","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Texas and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Gandara, S., Gibbons, W., and Barbie, D., 2001, Water resources data Texas, water year 2000, volume 1. Arkansas River basin, Red River basin, Sabine River basin, Neches River basin, and intervening coastal basins: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report TX-00-1, HTML Document; Report: xxxi, 445 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrTX001.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Report: xxxi, 445 p.","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":181107,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":334545,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/WDR-TX-00-1/pdf/VOL1-2000.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.87 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":5321,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wdrtx001/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      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C.","contributorId":81116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gandara","given":"S. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gibbons, W.J.","contributorId":29847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibbons","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barbie, D.L.","contributorId":61459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barbie","given":"D.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":249526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":53001,"text":"ofr01490 - 2001 - Watershed characteristics rating for North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-05T13:56:26.412451","indexId":"ofr01490","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"01-490","displayTitle":"Watershed Characteristics Rating for North Carolina","title":"Watershed characteristics rating for North Carolina","docAbstract":"This web site contains the Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata (documentation) for digital data produced for the North Carolina, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Public Water Supply Section, Source Water Assessment Program. The metadata are for 11 individual Geographic Information System data sets. An overlay and indexing method was used with the data to derive a rating for unsaturated zone and watershed characteristics for use by the State of North Carolina in assessing more than 11,000 public water-supply wells and approximately 245 public surface-water intakes for susceptibility to contamination. For ground-water supplies, the digital data sets used in the assessment included unsaturated zone rating, vertical series hydraulic conductance, land-surface slope, and land cover. For assessment of public surface-water intakes, the data sets included watershed characteristics rating, average annual precipitation, land-surface slope, land cover, and ground-water contribution. Documentation for the land-use data set applies to both the unsaturated zone and watershed characteristics ratings. Documentation for the estimated depth-to-water map used in the calculation of the vertical series hydraulic conductance also is included.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr01490","usgsCitation":"Terziotti, S., Eimers, J., and Weaver, J., 2001, Watershed characteristics rating for North Carolina (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 01-490, HTML Document; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr01490.","productDescription":"HTML Document; Metadata","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":179128,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":5112,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0490/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North 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Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","edition":"Version 1.0","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_sc@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_sc@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/sawsc\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/sawsc\">South Atlantic Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>720 Gracern Road<br>Columbia, SC 29210</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Purpose</li><li>Contents</li><li>Links to Metadata</li><li>References</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4b53","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Terziotti, Silvia 0000-0003-3559-5844 seterzio@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3559-5844","contributorId":1613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terziotti","given":"Silvia","email":"seterzio@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":476,"text":"North Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":246356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eimers, Jo Leslie","contributorId":52946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eimers","given":"Jo Leslie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Weaver, J. Curtis","contributorId":42260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weaver","given":"J. Curtis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":246357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":30764,"text":"fs10101 - 2001 - The National Map: Topographic Maps for the 21st Century","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-16T17:16:06","indexId":"fs10101","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"101-01","title":"The National Map: Topographic Maps for the 21st Century","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is committed to meeting the Nation's needs for current base geographic data and maps. Our vision is that, by working with partners, we will provide the Nation with access to current, accurate, and nationally consistent digital data and topographic maps derived from those data. This synthesis of information, products, and capabilities, The National Map, will be a seamless, continuously maintained set of geographic base information that will serve as a foundation for integrating, sharing, and using other data easily and consistently.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs10101","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001, The National Map: Topographic Maps for the 21st Century (Superseded by 018-02): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 101-01, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs10101.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":161354,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2001/0101/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59486,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2001/0101/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"Superseded by 018-02","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b013","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":45051,"text":"wri20014095 - 2001 - Isotopic and chemical composition of inorganic and organic water-quality samples from the Mississippi River Basin, 1997-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-23T17:04:31","indexId":"wri20014095","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4095","title":"Isotopic and chemical composition of inorganic and organic water-quality samples from the Mississippi River Basin, 1997-98","docAbstract":"<p>Nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub>) and other nutrients discharged by the Mississippi River combined with seasonal stratification of the water column are known to cause a zone of depleted dissolved oxygen (hypoxic zone) in the Gulf of Mexico each summer. About 120 water and suspended sediment samples collected in 1997 and 1998 from 24 locations in the Mississippi River Basin were analyzed for the isotope ratios δ<sup>15</sup>N and δ<sup>18</sup>O of dissolved NO<sub>3</sub>, and δ<sup>15</sup>N and δ<sup>13</sup>C of suspended particulate organic material (POM). Sampling stations include both large rivers (drainage areas more than 30,000 square kilometers) that integrate the effects of many land uses, and smaller streams (drainage areas less than 2,500 square kilometers) that have relatively uniform land use within their drainage areas. The data are used to determine sources and transformations of NO<sub>3</sub> in the Mississippi River.</p><p>Results of this study demonstrate that much of the NO<sub>3</sub> in the Mississippi River originates in the agriculturally dominated basins of the upper midwestern United States and is transported without significant transformation or other loss to the Gulf of Mexico. Results from major tributaries that drain into the Mississippi River suggest that NO<sub>3</sub> is not significantly altered by denitrification in its journey, ultimately, to the Gulf of Mexico. The spatial variability of isotope ratios among the smaller streams appears to be related to the dominant nitrogen source in the basins. There are some distinct isotope differences among land-use types. For example, for both NO<sub>3</sub> and POM, the majority of δ<sup>15</sup>N isotope ratio values from basins dominated by urban and undeveloped land are less than +5 per mil, whereas the majority of values from basins dominated by row crops and row crops and/or livestock production are greater than +5 per mil. Also, the median δ<sup>18</sup>O of NO<sub>3</sub> isotope ratio value (+14.0 per mil) from undeveloped basins is more than 6 per mil higher than the median value (+7.3 per mil) from the row crop dominated basins and 5 per mil higher than the median value (+9.0 per mil) from the row crop and/or livestock production dominated basins. The median δ<sup>18</sup>O of NO<sub>3</sub> isotope ratio value (+21.5 per mil) from urban basins is 6.5 per mil higher than the median value (+14.0 per mil) from the undeveloped basins. The majority of NO<sub>3</sub> concentrations are greater than 3 milligrams per liter (mg/L) in basins dominated by row crops and row crops and/or livestock production, whereas all NO<sub>3</sub> concentrations are less than 2 mg/L in basins dominated by urban and undeveloped land.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Denver, CO","doi":"10.3133/wri20014095","usgsCitation":"Battaglin, W.A., Kendall, C., Chang, C., Silva, S., and Campbell, D.H., 2001, Isotopic and chemical composition of inorganic and organic water-quality samples from the Mississippi River Basin, 1997-98: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4095, v, 57 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri20014095.","productDescription":"v, 57 p.","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":11573,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4095/wri20014095.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 2001-4095"},{"id":123453,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4095/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -95.49316406249999,\n              46.58906908309182\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.328125,\n              46.86019101567027\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.2841796875,\n              46.042735653846506\n            ],\n            [\n         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        ],\n            [\n              -92.5048828125,\n              30.334953881988564\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.14257812499999,\n              29.075375179558346\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.857421875,\n              29.649868677972304\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.033203125,\n              30.44867367928756\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.3515625,\n              31.50362930577303\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.087890625,\n              33.211116472416855\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.857421875,\n              35.10193405724606\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.802734375,\n              37.3002752813443\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.296875,\n              38.89103282648846\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.17578124999999,\n              40.07807142745009\n            ],\n            [\n              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ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chang, Cecily C.Y.","contributorId":62668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chang","given":"Cecily C.Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Silva, Steven R.","contributorId":59102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silva","given":"Steven R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Campbell, Donald H. dhcampbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Donald","email":"dhcampbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":230997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":30767,"text":"fs11601 - 2001 - The National Map - Delaware Pilot Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-15T17:28:14","indexId":"fs11601","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"116-01","title":"The National Map - Delaware Pilot Project","docAbstract":"Governments depend on a common set of geographic base information as a tool for economic and community development, land and natural resource management, and health and safety services. Emergency management and defense operations rely on this information. Private industry, nongovernmental organizations, and individual citizens use the same geographic data. Geographic information underpins an increasingly large part of the Nation's economy.\r\n\r\nAvailable geographic data often have the following problems:\r\n* They do not align with each other because layers are frequently created or revised separately,\r\n* They do not match across administrative boundaries because each producing organization uses different methods and standards, and\r\n* They are not up to date because of the complexity and cost of revision.\r\n\r\n\r\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is developing The National Map to be a seamless, continuously maintained, and nationally consistent set of online, public domain, geographic base information to address these issues. The National Map will serve as a foundation for integrating, sharing, and using other data easily and consistently.\r\n\r\n\r\nIn collaboration with other government agencies, the private sector, academia, and volunteer groups, the USGS will coordinate, integrate, and, where needed, produce and maintain base geographic data.\r\n\r\n\r\nThe National Map will include digital orthorectified imagery; elevation data; vector data for hydrography, transportation, boundary, and structure features; geographic names; and land cover information. The data will be the source of revised paper topographic maps.\r\n\r\n\r\nMany technical and institutional issues must be resolved as The National Map is implemented. To begin the refinement of this new paradigm, pilot projects are being designed to identify and investigate these issues. The pilots are the foundation upon which future partnerships for data sharing and maintenance will be built.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs11601","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001, The National Map - Delaware Pilot Project: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 116-01, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs11601.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160526,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2001/0116/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59489,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2001/0116/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b0a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":44905,"text":"wri994270 - 2001 - Gore Creek watershed, Colorado — Assessment of historical and current water quantity, water quality, and aquatic ecology, 1968–98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-02T21:28:24.334817","indexId":"wri994270","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4270","title":"Gore Creek watershed, Colorado — Assessment of historical and current water quantity, water quality, and aquatic ecology, 1968–98","docAbstract":"<p>The historical and current (1998) water-quantity, water-quality, and aquatic-ecology conditions in the Gore Creek watershed are described as part of a study by the U.S. Geological Survey, done in cooperation with the Town of Vail, the Eagle River Water and Sanitation District, and the Upper Eagle Regional Water Authority. Interpretation of the available water-quantity, water-quality, and aquatic-ecology data collected by various agencies since 1968 showed that background geology and land use in the watershed influence the water quality and stream biota.</p><p>Surface-water nutrient concentrations generally increased as water moved downstream through the Town of Vail, but concentrations at the mouth of Gore Creek were typical when compared with national data for urban/undeveloped sites. Nitrate concentrations in Gore Creek were highest just downstream from a wastewater-treatment plant discharge, but concentrations decreased at sites farther downstream because of dilution and nitrogen uptake by algae. Recent total phosphorus concentrations were somewhat elevated when compared to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recommended level of 0.10 milligram per liter for control of eutrophication in flowing water. However, total phosphorus concentrations at the mouth of Gore Creek were relatively low when compared to a national study of phosphorus in urban land-use areas.</p><p>Historically, suspended sediment associated with construction of Interstate 70 in the early 1970's has been of primary concern; however, recent data indicate that streambed aggradation of sediment originating from Interstate 70 traction sanding currently is a greater concern. About 4,000 tons of coarse sand and fine gravel is washed into Black Gore Creek each year following application of traction materials to Interstate 70 during adverse winter driving conditions. Suspended-sediment concentrations were low in Black Gore Creek; however, bedload-transport rates of as much as 4 tons per day have been measured.</p><p>Water samples were collected during spring and fall of 1997 from five alluvial monitoring wells located throughout the Town of Vail. Nutrient concentrations generally were low in the alluvial monitoring wells. Specific-conductance values ranged from 265 to 557 microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius. Concentrations of radon in monitoring-well samples exceeded the 300-picocuries-per-liter U.S. Environmental Protection Agency proposed maximum contaminant level (which has been suspended pending further review). Low levels of bacteria and methylene blue active substances indicate there is little or no wastewater contamination of shallow ground water in the vicinity of the monitoring wells and one of the municipal water-supply wells. Ground-water ages in the alluvial aquifer ranged from about 2 to about 50 years old. These ages indicate that changes in land-management practices may not have an effect on ground-water quality for many years.</p><p>Differences in macroinvertebrate-community structure were found among sites in Gore Creek by evaluating changes in relative abundance, total abundance, and dominant functional feeding groups of the major macroinvertebrate groups. Ephemeroptera (mayflies), Plecoptera (stoneflies), Trichoptera (caddisflies), and Coleoptera (beetles) exhibited relatively low tolerance to water-quality degradation when compared with Diptera (midges) and non-insects (sludge worms). More than 80 percent of the macroinvertebrate community at sites located farthest upstream was composed of mayflies, stoneflies, and caddisflies, indicating favorable water-quality and habitat conditions. The relative percentages of midges and sludge worms greatly increased in the downstream reaches of Gore Creek, which drain relatively larger areas of urban and recreation land uses, indicating the occurrence of nutrient and organic enrichment in Gore Creek.</p><p>The macroinvertebrate community in Black Gore Creek indicated adverse effects from sediment deposition. Macroinvertebrate abundance was considerably reduced at the two sites where streambed sediment was more prevalent; however, differences in abundance also may have been related to differences in habitat and availability of food resources.</p><p>The lower 4 miles of Gore Creek, downstream from Red Sandstone Creek, have been designated a Gold Medal fishery in recognition of the high recreational value of the abundant brown trout community. Gore Creek contained twice as many trout as a reference site with similar habitat characteristics in Rocky Mountain National Park.</p><p>Moderate increases in nutrient concentrations above background conditions have increased the growth and abundance potential for aquatic life in Gore Creek, while at the same time, esthetic and water-quality conditions have remained favorable. The spatial distribution of nitrate concentrations was consistent with the observed spatial distribution of algal biomass and macroinvertebrate-community characteristics. Algal biomass was limited by available resources (sunlight and nutrients) in the upstream reaches of Gore Creek and limited by macroinvertebrate grazing and water-quality conditions in the downstream reaches. The fish community has benefited from enhanced biological production in the downstream reach of Gore Creek. Increases in algal biomass and macroinvertebrate abundance, in response to higher nutrient concentrations, provide ample food resources necessary to support the abundant fish community.</p><p>Trace-element data for surface water, ground water, streambed sediment, fish tissue, and macroinvertebrate tissue indicate that concentrations are generally low in the Gore Creek watershed. In streambed-sediment samples, cadmium, copper, and zinc concentrations were below background levels reported for the Upper Colorado River Basin in Colorado. Concentrations of cadmium, copper, iron, and silver in surface water have occasionally exceeded stream standards in the past, but recent surface-water data indicate these trace elements currently are not of concern. Manganese concentrations commonly exceeded the 50-microgram-per-liter stream standard in Black Gore Creek. Elevated manganese concentrations were primarily attributable to the sedimentary geology of the area.</p><p>Concentrations of organic constituents are low in the Gore Creek watershed. Pesticides were detected infrequently and at low concentrations in surface-water, ground-water, bed-sediment, and whole-body fish-tissue samples. Volatile organic compounds also were detected at low concentrations in surface- and ground-water samples.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri994270","usgsCitation":"Wynn, K.H., Bauch, N.J., and Driver, N.E., 2001, Gore Creek watershed, Colorado — Assessment of historical and current water quantity, water quality, and aquatic ecology, 1968–98: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4270, v, 72 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994270.","productDescription":"v, 72 p.","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":162164,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":395310,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_43712.htm"},{"id":3788,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri994270","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Gore Creek watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.45,\n              39.532\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.176,\n              39.532\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.176,\n              39.716\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.45,\n              39.716\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.45,\n              39.532\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abbe4b07f02db6728bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wynn, Kirby H.","contributorId":37316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wynn","given":"Kirby","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bauch, Nancy J. 0000-0002-0302-2892 njbauch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0302-2892","contributorId":1297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauch","given":"Nancy","email":"njbauch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Driver, Nancy E.","contributorId":67858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Driver","given":"Nancy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":30765,"text":"fs11401 - 2001 - The National Map - Washington-Idaho Pilot Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-15T17:28:14","indexId":"fs11401","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"114-01","title":"The National Map - Washington-Idaho Pilot Project","docAbstract":"Governments depend on a common set of geographic base information as a tool for economic and community development, land and natural resource management, and health and safety services. Emergency management and defense operations rely on this information. Private industry, nongovernmental organizations, and individual citizens use the same geographic data. Geographic information underpins an increasingly large part of the Nation's economy.\r\n\r\nAvailable geographic data often have the following problems:\r\n* They do not align with each other because layers are frequently created or revised separately,\r\n* They do not match across administrative boundaries because each producing organization uses different methods and standards, and\r\n* They are not up to date because of the complexity and cost of revision.\r\n\r\n\r\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is developing The National Map to be a seamless, continuously maintained, and nationally consistent set of online, public domain, geographic base information to address these issues. The National Map will serve as a foundation for integrating, sharing, and using other data easily and consistently.\r\n\r\n\r\nIn collaboration with other government agencies, the private sector, academia, and volunteer groups, the USGS will coordinate, integrate, and, where needed, produce and maintain base geographic data.\r\n\r\n\r\nThe National Map will include digital orthorectified imagery; elevation data; vector data for hydrography, transportation, boundary, and structure features; geographic names; and land cover information. The data will be the source of revised paper topographic maps.\r\n\r\n\r\nMany technical and institutional issues must be resolved as The National Map is implemented. To begin the refinement of this new paradigm, pilot projects are being designed to identify and investigate these issues. The pilots are the foundation upon which future partnerships for data sharing and maintenance will be built.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs11401","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001, The National Map - Washington-Idaho Pilot Project: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 114-01, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs11401.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124530,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2001/0114/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59487,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2001/0114/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67afe5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30766,"text":"fs11501 - 2001 - The National Map - Missouri Pilot Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-15T17:28:14","indexId":"fs11501","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"115-01","title":"The National Map - Missouri Pilot Project","docAbstract":"Governments depend on a common set of geographic base information as a tool for economic and community development, land and natural resource management, and health and safety services. Emergency management and defense operations rely on this information. Private industry, nongovernmental organizations, and individual citizens use the same geographic data. Geographic information underpins an increasingly large part of the Nation's economy.\r\n\r\nAvailable geographic data often have the following problems:\r\n* They do not align with each other because layers are frequently created or revised separately,\r\n* They do not match across administrative boundaries because each producing organization uses different methods and standards, and\r\n* They are not up to date because of the complexity and cost of revision.\r\n\r\n\r\nThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is developing The National Map to be a seamless, continuously maintained, and nationally consistent set of online, public domain, geographic base information to address these issues. The National Map will serve as a foundation for integrating, sharing, and using other data easily and consistently.\r\n\r\n\r\nIn collaboration with other government agencies, the private sector, academia, and volunteer groups, the USGS will coordinate, integrate, and, where needed, produce and maintain base geographic data.\r\n\r\n\r\nThe National Map will include digital orthorectified imagery; elevation data; vector data for hydrography, transportation, boundary, and structure features; geographic names; and land cover information. The data will be the source of revised paper topographic maps.\r\n\r\n\r\nMany technical and institutional issues must be resolved as The National Map is implemented. To begin the refinement of this new paradigm, pilot projects are being designed to identify and investigate these issues. The pilots are the foundation upon which future partnerships for data sharing and maintenance will be built.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs11501","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001, The National Map - Missouri Pilot Project: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 115-01, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs11501.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":160509,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2001/0115/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59488,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2001/0115/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b041","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":50443,"text":"ofr2001368 - 2001 - The Evolution of the Lower Missouri River: Preliminary Results of NMD Research at Lisbon Bottom","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-06T14:23:15","indexId":"ofr2001368","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-368","title":"The Evolution of the Lower Missouri River: Preliminary Results of NMD Research at Lisbon Bottom","docAbstract":"The purpose of this investigation is to determine the relationship between the geomorphology of Lisbon Bottom and the spatial and temporal distribution of its wetlands. The project is focused specifically on the Quaternary geology of the river valley and the relationship between the valley's alluvial architecture and the hydrogeology of its wetlands. The Quaternary geology of the river valley has been determined through a field reconnaissance and visual inspection of topographic maps and digital elevation data. Data describing the morphology of the main channel and the physical properties of Lisbon Bottom have been collected. On the basis of these data, a preliminary model of the alluvial architecture of Lisbon Bottom has been developed, but it lacks subsurface verification owing to equipment failures and unseasonable high water. To date, the publications and presentations describing the project include a U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report (OFR 01-176), two seminars hosted by the University of Missouri - Rolla, and an abstract that was submitted and accepted by the Geological Society of America for its annual fall meeting in November 2001.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr2001368","usgsCitation":"Spooner, J., 2001, The Evolution of the Lower Missouri River: Preliminary Results of NMD Research at Lisbon Bottom: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2001-368, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr2001368.","productDescription":"13 p.","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":175849,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0368/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":345475,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/0368/ofr01368.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Lisbon Bottom, Missouri River","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67aff4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Spooner, Jeffrey","contributorId":49010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spooner","given":"Jeffrey","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":241468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":58065,"text":"wri014162 - 2001 - Nutrient and suspended-sediment concentrations and loads and benthic-invertebrate data for tributaries to the St. Croix River, Wisconsin and Minnesota, 1997-99","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:32:16","indexId":"wri014162","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4162","title":"Nutrient and suspended-sediment concentrations and loads and benthic-invertebrate data for tributaries to the St. Croix River, Wisconsin and Minnesota, 1997-99","docAbstract":"<p>Nutrient and suspended-sediment data were collected on major tributaries to the St. Croix River during 1997-99 as part of three studies. The first study, done in 1997 as part of the U.S. Geological Survey?s National Water-Quality Assessment Program Upper Mississippi Study Unit, was a widespread synoptic survey of nutrient and suspended-sediment concentrations, loads, and yields during snowmelt. Runoff from snowmelt in agricultural areas and other areas with low permeability soils had significantly greater nutrient concentrations than forested areas, whereas differences in suspended-sediment loading were not detected. In 1998, synoptic samplings of 11 tributaries were done during snowmelt, base-flow, and storm-runoff periods. These studies showed that the Apple, Willow, and Kinnickinnic Rivers were major contributors of suspended sediments and nutrients to the St. Croix River during base flow and storm-runoff events. Nitrate concentrations were high during base flow in the agricultural tributaries?specifically, the Kinnickinnic (4.83 mg/L), Willow (1.53 mg/L), and Apple (0.79 mg/L) Rivers?possibly from ground-water recharge or point-source contributions. Extensive water-quality sampling was done monthly and during high-flow events in water year 1999 (October 1, 1998 to September 30, 1999) in coordination with continuous streamflow monitoring at 12 sites in the St. Croix River Basin. These data were used to compute annual nutrient and suspended-sediment loads and yields at the monitored sites for water year 1999. Relations among environmental characteristics and calculated annual nutrient and suspended-sediment yields were used to estimate loading from unmonitored parts of the basin. The environmental characteristics found to best estimate annual yields were soil characteristics (clay, permeability of soil, and erodibility), basin slope and area, and the percentages of wetland and urban areas in the basins. Variability in 1999 rainfall intensity resulted in annual yields from several northern, forested basins being higher than those from the southern, agricultural basins. The Sunrise River had the highest annual suspended-sediment and nutrient yields in the basin in 1999. Concentrations and instantaneous loading rates varied as much among various flow conditions at individual sites as among sites during the three years of study.</p>\n<p>Benthic invertebrates were sampled and indices of water quality were calculated at 16 tributaries in fall 1999. Benthic invertebrate indices indicated excellent to good water quality at all tributaries except Valley Creek, Willow River, and Kettle River. No relations were found between benthic invertebrate indices and the calculated and estimated 1999 annual tributary loads and yields.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri014162","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service, Minnesota-Wisconsin Boundary Area Commission, St. Croix County, and Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Lenz, B.N., Robertson, D.M., Fallon, J.D., and Ferrin, R., 2001, Nutrient and suspended-sediment concentrations and loads and benthic-invertebrate data for tributaries to the St. Croix River, Wisconsin and Minnesota, 1997-99: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4162, vi, 57 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014162.","productDescription":"vi, 57 p.","numberOfPages":"70","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123450,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4162/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":5992,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wi.water.usgs.gov/pubs/wrir-01-4162/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":88305,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4162/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"St. Croix River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.834228515625,\n              44.040218713142146\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.834228515625,\n              46.057985244793024\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.12060546875,\n              46.057985244793024\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.12060546875,\n              44.040218713142146\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.834228515625,\n              44.040218713142146\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b19e4b07f02db6a7edd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lenz, Bernard N.","contributorId":85170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lenz","given":"Bernard","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":258260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robertson, Dale M. 0000-0001-6799-0596 dzrobert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6799-0596","contributorId":150760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Dale","email":"dzrobert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":258258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fallon, James D. jfallon@usgs.gov","contributorId":3417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fallon","given":"James","email":"jfallon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":258259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ferrin, Randy","contributorId":100688,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrin","given":"Randy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":258261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":44118,"text":"ofr00447 - 2001 - Use of InSAR to identify land-surface displacements caused by aquifer-system compaction in the Paso Robles area, San Luis Obispo County, California, March to August 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-12-11T14:29:26.205791","indexId":"ofr00447","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-447","title":"Use of InSAR to identify land-surface displacements caused by aquifer-system compaction in the Paso Robles area, San Luis Obispo County, California, March to August 1997","docAbstract":"The population in San Luis Obispo County has grown steadily during the 1990s, and some land use has been converted from dry farming to grazing to irrigated vineyards and urban areas. Because insufficient surface-water supplies are available to meet the growing demand, ground-water pumpage has increased and the resulting water-level declines have raised concern that this water resource may become overstressed. One particular concern is whether the larger ground-water basins within the county function as large individual basins or whether subsurface structures divide these large basins into smaller subbasins, as differences in ground-water-level data suggest. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is used in locating land-surface displacement, which may indicate subsurface structures in ground-water basins by determining seasonal and historical land-surface changes. Owing to the high spatial detail of InSAR imagery, the InSAR-derived displacement maps can be used with ground-water-level data to reveal differential aquifer-system compaction related to the presence of geological structures or the distribution of compressible sediments that may define subbasin boundaries. This report describes InSAR displacement maps of the Paso Robles area of San Luis Obispo County and compares them to maps of seasonal changes in ground-water levels to detect the presence of aquifer-system compaction.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr00447","issn":"ma","usgsCitation":"Valentine, D.W., Densmore, J., Galloway, D.L., and Amelung, F., 2001, Use of InSAR to identify land-surface displacements caused by aquifer-system compaction in the Paso Robles area, San Luis Obispo County, California, March to August 1997 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2000-447, 1 Plate: 48.00 x 36.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr00447.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 48.00 x 36.00 inches","costCenters":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":162335,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3777,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2000/ofr00-447/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Luis Obispo County","otherGeospatial":"Paso Robles area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.90250108973157,\n              35.83105162842442\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.2945224818991,\n              35.26919561747786\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.66625104994506,\n              34.95701123308939\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.25216227277078,\n              35.642445852263236\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.90250108973157,\n              35.83105162842442\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db6051b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Valentine, David W.","contributorId":47427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Densmore, Jill N. 0000-0002-5345-6613","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5345-6613","contributorId":89179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Densmore","given":"Jill N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Galloway, Devin L. 0000-0003-0904-5355 dlgallow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0904-5355","contributorId":679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galloway","given":"Devin","email":"dlgallow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5078,"text":"Southwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5058,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":229182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Amelung, Falk","contributorId":83569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amelung","given":"Falk","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":45058,"text":"wri004186 - 2001 - Assessment of water quality, road runoff, and bulk atmospheric deposition, Guanella Pass area, Clear Creek and Park Counties, Colorado, water years 1995-97","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:48","indexId":"wri004186","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2000-4186","title":"Assessment of water quality, road runoff, and bulk atmospheric deposition, Guanella Pass area, Clear Creek and Park Counties, Colorado, water years 1995-97","docAbstract":"The Guanella Pass road, located about 40 miles west of Denver, Colorado, between the towns of Georgetown and Grant, has been designated a scenic byway and is being considered for reconstruction. The purpose of this report is to present an assessment of hydrologic and water-quality conditions in the Guanella Pass area and provide baseline data for evaluation of the effects of the proposed road reconstruction. The data were collected during water years 1995-97 (October 1, 1995, to September 30, 1997).Based on Colorado water-quality standards, current surface-water quality near Guanella Pass road was generally acceptable for specified use classifications of recreation, water supply, agriculture, and aquatic life. Streams had small concentrations of dissolved solids, nutrients, trace elements, and suspended sediment. An exception was upper Geneva Creek, which was acidic and had relatively large concentrations of iron, zinc, and other trace elements related to acid-sulfate weathering. Concentrations of many water-quality constituents, especially particle-related phases and suspended sediment, increased during peak snowmelt and rainstorm events and decreased to prerunoff concentrations at the end of runoff periods. Some dissolved (filtered) trace-element loads in Geneva Creek decreased during rainstorms when total recoverable loads remained generally static or increased, indicating a phase change that might be explained by adsorption of trace elements to suspended sediment during storm runoff.Total recoverable iron and dissolved zinc exceeded Colorado stream-water-quality standards most frequently. Exceedances for iron generally occurred during periods of high suspended-sediment transport in several streams. Zinc standards were exceeded in about one-half the samples collected in Geneva Creek 1.5 miles upstream from Grant.Lake-water quality was generally similar to that of area streams. Nitrogen and phosphorus ratios calculated for Clear and Duck Lakes indicated that phytoplankton in the lakes were probably phosphorus-limited. Measures of trophic status (secchi depth, total phosphorus, and chlorophyll-a) indicated that Duck and Clear Lakes were oligotrophic in 1997.Ground water had relatively low specific conductance (range 24 to 584 microsiemens per centimeter) and did not exceed U.S. Environmental Protection Agency drinking-water standards, except for samples collected from a single well, which exceeded the Proposed Maximum Contaminant Level for uranium.Runoff from the Guanella Pass road enters streams through surface channels connected to culverts and roadside ditches. Fifty-six percent of the total number of culvert and roadside-ditch drainage features on the Guanella Pass road showed evidence of recent surface runoff connection to an adjacent stream. Road runoff is generated during snowmelt and during summer rainstorms.At a road cross-drain culvert monitored continuously for discharge (water years 1996-97), most runoff (77 to 96 percent) was a result of snowmelt, and runoff from the road preceded the basinwide peak streamflow, resulting in sediment and water-quality constituent inputs to the stream when the stream?s capacity for dilution of the road runoff was low. Specific conductance of road-runoff samples ranged from 14 to 468 microsiemens per centimeter. Major-ion composition of some samples indicated effects from deicing salt (sodium chloride) and dust inhibitor (magnesium chloride) applied to sections of the road, but changes in the stream concentrations that might be attributed to the runoff were brief and relatively small.Nutrients were commonly measured in road-runoff samples at larger concentrations than in streamflow. Concentrations of nitrate and ammonia, especially during rainfall-generated road runoff, were more similar to the concentrations in precipitation than to the concentrations in stream water. Concentrations of ammonia plus organic nitrogen (total as N) (range less than 0.2 to 24 milligrams per liter) and t","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri004186","usgsCitation":"Stevens, M.R., 2001, Assessment of water quality, road runoff, and bulk atmospheric deposition, Guanella Pass area, Clear Creek and Park Counties, Colorado, water years 1995-97: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2000-4186, viii, 183 p. : ill. (some col.), maps ; 28 cm.; 50 figs., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri004186.","productDescription":"viii, 183 p. : ill. (some col.), maps ; 28 cm.; 50 figs.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":171847,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3912,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri004186","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cf11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stevens, Michael R. 0000-0002-9476-6335 mrsteven@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9476-6335","contributorId":769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Michael","email":"mrsteven@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":231017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":44999,"text":"wri014278 - 2001 - Effects of urbanization on benthic macroinvertebrate communities in streams, Anchorage, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-07T18:17:27","indexId":"wri014278","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4278","title":"Effects of urbanization on benthic macroinvertebrate communities in streams, Anchorage, Alaska","docAbstract":"The effect of urbanization on stream macroinvertebrate communities was examined by using data gathered during a 1999 reconnaissance of 14 sites in the Municipality of Anchorage, Alaska. Data collected included macroinvertebrate abundance, water chemistry, and trace elements in bed sediments. Macroinvertebrate relative-abundance data were edited and used in metric and index calculations. Population density was used as a surrogate for urbanization. Cluster analysis (unweighted-paired-grouping method) using arithmetic means of macroinvertebrate presence-absence data showed a well-defined separation between urbanized and nonurbanized sites as well as extracted sites that did not cleanly fall into either category. Water quality in Anchorage generally declined with increasing urbanization (population density). Of 59 variables examined, 31 correlated with urbanization. Local regression analysis extracted 11 variables that showed a significant impairment threshold response and 6 that showed a significant linear response. Significant biological variables for determining the impairment threshold in this study were the Margalef diversity index, Ephemeroptera-Plecoptera-Trichoptera taxa richness, and total taxa richness. Significant thresholds were observed in the water-chemistry variables conductivity, dissolved organic carbon, potassium, and total dissolved solids. Significant thresholds in trace elements in bed sediments included arsenic, iron, manganese, and lead. Results suggest that sites in Anchorage that have ratios of population density to road density greater than 70, storm-drain densities greater than 0.45 miles per square mile, road densities greater than 4 miles per square mile, or population densities greater than 125-150 persons per square mile may require further monitoring to determine if the stream has become impaired. This population density is far less than the 1,000 persons per square mile used by the U.S. Census Bureau to define an urban area.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri014278","usgsCitation":"Ourso, R.T., 2001, Effects of urbanization on benthic macroinvertebrate communities in streams, Anchorage, Alaska (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4278, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014278.","productDescription":"38 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161627,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3868,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri014278","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a27e4b07f02db60ff53","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ourso, Robert T. 0000-0002-5952-8681 rtourso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5952-8681","contributorId":203207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ourso","given":"Robert","email":"rtourso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":230884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":44990,"text":"wri014230 - 2001 - Hydrology of the coastal springs ground-water basin and adjacent parts of Pasco, Hernando, and Citrus Counties, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:12","indexId":"wri014230","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4230","title":"Hydrology of the coastal springs ground-water basin and adjacent parts of Pasco, Hernando, and Citrus Counties, Florida","docAbstract":"The coastal springs in Pasco, Hernando, and Citrus Counties, Florida consist of three first-order magnitude springs and numerous smaller springs, which are points of substantial ground-water discharge from the Upper Floridan aquifer. Spring flow is proportional to the water-level altitude in the aquifer and is affected primarily by the magnitude and timing of rainfall. Ground-water levels in 206 Upper Floridan aquifer wells, and surface-water stage, flow, and specific conductance of water from springs at 10 gaging stations were measured to define the hydrologic variability (temporally and spatially) in the Coastal Springs Ground-Water Basin and adjacent parts of Pasco, Hernando, and Citrus Counties. Rainfall at 46 stations and ground-water withdrawals for three counties, were used to calculate water budgets, to evaluate long-term changes in hydrologic conditions, and to evaluate relations among the hydrologic components. \r\n\r\nPredictive equations to estimate daily spring flow were developed for eight gaging stations using regression techniques. Regression techniques included ordinary least squares and multiple linear regression techniques. The predictive equations indicate that ground-water levels in the Upper Floridan aquifer are directly related to spring flow. At tidally affected gaging stations, spring flow is inversely related to spring-pool altitude. The springs have similar seasonal flow patterns throughout the area. \r\n\r\nWater-budget analysis provided insight into the relative importance of the hydrologic components expected to influence spring flow. Four water budgets were constructed for small ground-water basins that form the Coastal Springs Ground-Water Basin. Rainfall averaged 55 inches per year and was the only source of inflow to the Basin. The pathways for outflow were evapotranspiration (34 inches per year), runoff by spring flow (8 inches per year), ground-water outflow from upward leakage (11 inches per year), and ground-water withdrawal (2 inches per year). Recharge (rainfall minus evapotranspiration) to the Upper Floridan aquifer consists of vertical leakage through the surficial deposits. Discharge is primarily through springs and diffuse upward leakage that maintains the extensive swamps along the Gulf of Mexico. The ground-water basins had slightly different partitioning of hydrologic components, reflecting variation among the regions. \r\n\r\nTrends in hydrologic data were identified using nonparametric statistical techniques to infer long-term changes in hydrologic conditions, and yielded mixed results. No trend in rainfall was detected during the past century. No trend in spring flow was detected in 1931-98. Although monotonic trends were not detected, rainfall patterns are naturally variable from month to month and year to year; this variability is reflected in ground-water levels and spring flows. A decreasing trend in ground-water levels was detected in the Weeki Wachee well (1966-98), but the trend was statistically weak. At current ground-water withdrawal rates, there is no discernible affect on ground-water levels and spring flows. Sporadic data records, lack of continuous data, and inconsistent periods of record among the hydrologic components impeded analysis of long-term changes to the hydrologic system and interrelations among components. The ongoing collection of hydrologic data from index sites could provide much needed information to assess the hydrologic factors affecting the quantity and quality of spring flow in the Coastal Springs Ground-Water Basin.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri014230","usgsCitation":"Knochenmus, L.A., and Yobbi, D.K., 2001, Hydrology of the coastal springs ground-water basin and adjacent parts of Pasco, Hernando, and Citrus Counties, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4230, vi, 88 p. : col. ill., col. maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014230.","productDescription":"vi, 88 p. : col. ill., col. maps ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":162806,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":3864,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fl.water.usgs.gov/Abstracts/wri01_4230_knochenmus.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb899","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knochenmus, Lari A. lari@usgs.gov","contributorId":301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knochenmus","given":"Lari","email":"lari@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":230862,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yobbi, Dann K.","contributorId":15247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yobbi","given":"Dann","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":44988,"text":"wri014227 - 2001 - Simulated effects of pumping irrigation wells on ground-water levels in western Saginaw County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-08T12:33:49","indexId":"wri014227","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2001-4227","title":"Simulated effects of pumping irrigation wells on ground-water levels in western Saginaw County, Michigan","docAbstract":"<p>Success of agriculture in many areas of Michigan relies on withdrawal of large quantities of ground water for irrigation. In some areas of the State, water-level declines associated with large ground-water withdrawals may adversely affect nearby residential wells. Residential wells in several areas of Saginaw County, in Michigan's east-central Lower Peninsula, recently went dry shortly after irrigation of crop lands commenced; many of these wells also went dry during last year's agricultural cycle (summer 2000). In September 2000, residential wells that had been dry returned to function after cessation of pumping from large-capacity irrigation wells. </p><p>To evaluate possible effects of groundwater withdrawals from irrigation wells on residential wells, the U.S. Geological Survey used hydrogeologic data including aquifer tests, water-level records, geologic logs, and numerical models to determine whether water-level declines and the withdrawal of ground water for agricultural irrigation are related. Numerical simulations based on representative irrigation well pumping volumes and a 3-month irrigation period indicate water-level declines that range from 5.3 to 20 feet, 2.8 to 12 feet and 1.7 to 6.9 feet at distances of about 0.5, 1.5 and 3 miles from irrigation wells, respectively. Residential wells that are equipped with shallow jet pumps and that are within 0.5 miles of irrigation wells would likely experience reduced yield or loss of yield during peak periods of irrigation. The actual 1 extent that irrigation pumping cause reduced function of residential wells, however, cannot be fully predicted on the basis of the data analyzed because many _other factors may be adversely affecting the yield of residential wells. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/wri014227","collaboration":"In cooperation with the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"Hoard, C.J., and Westjohn, D.B., 2001, Simulated effects of pumping irrigation wells on ground-water levels in western Saginaw County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4227, vi, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri014227.","productDescription":"vi, 25 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":113836,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4227/report.pdf","size":"3687","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":162709,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/2001/4227/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":3863,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri014227","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Saginaw County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84.330833,\n              43.433889\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.330833,\n              43.352222\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.229167,\n              43.352222\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.229167,\n              43.433889\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.330833,\n              43.433889\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f9e4b07f02db5f33e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoard, Christopher J. 0000-0003-2337-506X cjhoard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2337-506X","contributorId":191767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoard","given":"Christopher","email":"cjhoard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":230857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Westjohn, David B.","contributorId":84401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westjohn","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":54989,"text":"wdrTN001 - 2001 - Water resources data, Tennessee, water year 2000","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-05T21:54:22.658016","indexId":"wdrTN001","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"TN-00-1","title":"Water resources data, Tennessee, water year 2000","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wdrTN001","usgsCitation":"Flohr, D., Hamilton, J., Phillips, T., and Thomas, L., 2001, Water resources data, Tennessee, water year 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report TN-00-1, xxii, 356 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrTN001.","productDescription":"xxii, 356 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L.B.","contributorId":49857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"L.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":252236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":54926,"text":"wdrPA001 - 2001 - Water resources data, Pennsylvania, water year 2000, Volume 1. Delaware River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-16T15:21:18","indexId":"wdrPA001","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2001","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"PA-00-1","title":"Water resources data, Pennsylvania, water year 2000, Volume 1. Delaware River Basin","docAbstract":"<p>The Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with State, municipal, and Federal agencies, collects a large amount of data pertaining to the water resources of Pennsylvania each water year. These data, accumulated during many water years, constitute a valuable data base for developing an improved understanding of the water resources of the State. To make these data readily available to interested parties outside the Geological Survey, these data are published annually in this report series entitled \"Water Resources Data - Pennsylvania, Volumes 1, 2, and 3.\" Volume 1 contains data for the Delaware River Basin; Volume 2, the Susquehanna and Potomac River Basins; and Volume 3, the Ohio River and St. Lawrence River Basins.</p><p>This report, Volume 1, contains: (1) discharge records for 76 continuous-record streamflow-gaging stations, 7 partial-record stations, and 13 special study and miscellaneous streamflow sites; (2) elevation and contents records for 14 lakes and reservoirs; (3) water-quality records for 28 gaging stations and 14 ungaged streamsites; (4) water-quality records for 77 special-study stations; (5) water-level records for 53 network observation wells; and (6) water-quality analyses of ground water from 101 ground-water wells. Additional water data collected at various sites not involved in the systematic data-collection program may also be presented.</p><p>Publications similar to this report are published annually by the Geological Survey for all States. For the purpose of archiving, these official reports have an identification number consisting of the two-letter State abbreviation, the last two digits of the water year, and the volume number. For example, this volume is identified as \"U.S. Geological Survey Water-Data Report PA-00-1.\" These water data reports, beginning with the 1971 water year, are for sale as paper copy or microfiche by the National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, Springfield, VA 22161.</p><p>The annual series of Water Data Reports for Pennsylvania began with the 1961 water-year report and contained only data relating to quantities of surface water. With the 1964 water year, a companion report (part 2) was introduced that contained only data relating to water quality. Beginningwith the 1975 water year the report was changed to its present format of three volumes (by river basin), with each volume containing data on quantities of surface water, quality of surface and ground water, and ground-water levels.</p><p>Prior to the introduction of this series and for several years concurrent with it, water-resources data for Pennsylvania were published in U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Papers. Data on stream discharge and stage, and on lake or reservoir contents and stage, through September 1960, were published annually under the title \"Surface-Water Supply of the United States,\" which was released in numbered parts as determined by natural drainage basins. For the 1961-70 water years, these data were published in two 5-year reports. Data prior to 1961 are included in two reports: \"Compilation of Records of Surface Waters of the United States through 1950,\" and \"Compilation of Records of Surface Waters of the United States, October 1950 to September 1960.\" Data for Pennsylvania are published in Parts 1, 3, and 4. Data on chemical quality, temperature, and suspended sediment for the 1941-70 water years were published annually under the title \"Quality of Surface Waters of the United States,\" and ground-water levels for the 1935-74 water years were published under the title \"Ground-Water Levels in the United States.\" The above mentioned Water-Supply Papers may be consulted in the libraries of the principal cities of the United States and may be purchased from the U.S. Geological Survey, Information Services, Box 25286, Denver, CO 80225.</p><p>Information for ordering specific reports may be obtained from the Pennsylvania District Office at the address given on the back of the title page or by phoning the Scientific and Technical Products Section, at (717) 730-6940. Information on the availability of unpublished data or statistical analyses may be obtained from the District Information Specialist by telephone at (717) 730-6916 or by FAX at (717) 730-6997.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wdrPA001","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, the Philadelphia District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the Chester County Water Resources Authority, and with other State, municipal, and Federal agencies","usgsCitation":"Durlin, R., and Schaffstall, W., 2001, Water resources data, Pennsylvania, water year 2000, Volume 1. Delaware River Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report PA-00-1, 676 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrPA001.","productDescription":"676 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352211,"rank":3,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/2000/dela-00/wdr2000.html","description":"WDR Delaware 2000"},{"id":177447,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/2000/dela-00/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:dc_pa@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:dc_pa@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"https://pa.water.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"https://pa.water.usgs.gov/\">Pennsylvania Water Science Center</a><br> U.S. Geological Survey <br> 215 Limekiln Road <br> New Cumberland, PA 17070</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Preface</li><li>List of surface-water stations, in downstream order, for which records are published in this volume </li><li>List of ground-water wells, by county, for which records are published in this volume</li><li>List of discontinued continuous-record surface-water discharge stations</li><li>List of discontinued continuous-record surface-water-quality stations</li><li>Pennsylvania District office locations and addresses</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Cooperation</li><li>Summary of hydrologic conditions</li><li>Special networks and programs</li><li>Explanation of the record</li><li>Access to USGS Water Data</li><li>Definition of terms</li><li>Publications on Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations</li><li>Special Notes, Remark Codes, and Selected Constituent Definition</li><li>Station records, surface water</li><li>Special Notes, Remark Codes, and Selected Constituent Definitions </li><li>Station records, ground water</li><li>Index</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fac89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Durlin, R.R.","contributorId":67116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durlin","given":"R.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":252055,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schaffstall, W.P.","contributorId":20010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaffstall","given":"W.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":252054,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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