Groundwater seeps in upland catchments are often enriched relative to stream waters, higher in pH, Ca2+ and sometimes NO3¯. These seeps could be a NO3¯ sink because of increased denitrification potential but may also be ‘hotspots’ for nitrification because of the relative enrichment. We compared seep soils with nearby well-drained soils in two upland forested watersheds in Vermont that are sites of ongoing biogeochemical studies. Gross N transformation rates were measured over three years along with denitrification rates in the third year. Gross ammonification rates were not different between the seep and upland soils but gross nitrification rates were about 3 × higher in the seep soils. Net nitrification rates trended higher in the upland soils and NO3¯ consumption (gross—net) was 8 times higher in the seep soils. The average denitrification rate for seep soils was about equal to the difference in NO3¯ consumption between seep and upland soils, suggesting denitrification can make up the difference. Temporal variation in seep water NO3¯ concentration was correlated with watershed outlet NO3¯ concentration. However, it is not clear that in-seep processes greatly altered seep water NO3¯ contribution to the streams. Seep soils appear to be hotspots of both nitrification and denitrification.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s13157-016-0733-z","usgsCitation":"Kaur, A.J., Ross, D., Shanley, J.B., and Yatzor, A.R., 2016, Enriched groundwater seeps in two Vermont headwater catchments are hotspots of nitrate turnover: Wetlands, v. 36, no. 2, p. 237-249, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-016-0733-z.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"249","ipdsId":"IP-070374","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347511,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","volume":"36","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f83a3ce4b063d5d309810a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kaur, Amninder J.","contributorId":198364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaur","given":"Amninder","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ross, Donald S.","contributorId":178218,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Donald S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shanley, James B. 0000-0002-4234-3437 jshanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3437","contributorId":1953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"James","email":"jshanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yatzor, Anna R.","contributorId":198365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yatzor","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70168454,"text":"70168454 - 2016 - Tidal hydrodynamics under future sea level rise and coastal morphology in the Northern Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-20T20:16:50.967348","indexId":"70168454","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5053,"text":"Earth's Future","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tidal hydrodynamics under future sea level rise and coastal morphology in the Northern Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"This study examines the integrated influence of sea level rise (SLR) and future morphology on tidal hydrodynamics along the Northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM) coast including seven embayments and three ecologically and economically significant estuaries. A large-domain hydrodynamic model was used to simulate astronomic tides for present and future conditions (circa 2050 and 2100). Future conditions were simulated by imposing four SLR scenarios to alter hydrodynamic boundary conditions and updating shoreline position and dune heights using a probabilistic model that is coupled to SLR. Under the highest SLR scenario, tidal amplitudes within the bays increased as much as 67% (10.0 cm) because of increases in the inlet cross-sectional area. Changes in harmonic constituent phases indicated that tidal propagation was faster in the future scenarios within most of the bays. Maximum tidal velocities increased in all of the bays, especially in Grand Bay where velocities doubled under the highest SLR scenario. In addition, the ratio of the maximum flood to maximum ebb velocity decreased in the future scenarios (i.e., currents became more ebb dominant) by as much as 26% and 39% in Weeks Bay and Apalachicola, respectively. In Grand Bay, the flood-ebb ratio increased (i.e., currents became more flood dominant) by 25% under the lower SLR scenarios, but decreased by 16% under the higher SLR as a result of the offshore barrier islands being overtopped, which altered the tidal prism. Results from this study can inform future storm surge and ecological assessments of SLR, and improve monitoring and management decisions within the NGOM.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015EF000332","usgsCitation":"Passeri, D., Hagen, S.C., Plant, N.G., Bilskie, M.V., Medeiros, S.C., and Alizad, K., 2016, Tidal hydrodynamics under future sea level rise and coastal morphology in the Northern Gulf of Mexico: Earth's Future, v. 4, no. 5, p. 159-176, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015EF000332.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"176","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070344","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471092,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015ef000332","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323953,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida, Louisiana","city":"Apalachicola","otherGeospatial":"Apalachicola Bay, Chandeleur Islands, Choctawatchee Bay, Gulf of Mexico, Mississippi Sound, Mobile Bay, Pensacola Bay, Perdido Bay, St. Andrew Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.923095703125,\n 27.537500308359462\n ],\n [\n -84.627685546875,\n 27.537500308359462\n ],\n [\n -84.627685546875,\n 30.458144351018078\n ],\n [\n -89.923095703125,\n 30.458144351018078\n ],\n [\n -89.923095703125,\n 27.537500308359462\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-05-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913ece4b07657d19ff29c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Passeri, Davina 0000-0002-9760-3195 dpasseri@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9760-3195","contributorId":166889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Passeri","given":"Davina","email":"dpasseri@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hagen, Scott C.","contributorId":166890,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hagen","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":16154,"text":"LSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plant, Nathaniel G. 0000-0002-5703-5672 nplant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-5672","contributorId":3503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nplant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bilskie, Matthew V.","contributorId":166891,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bilskie","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":16154,"text":"LSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Medeiros, Stephen C.","contributorId":166892,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Medeiros","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":24567,"text":"UCF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Alizad, Karim","contributorId":166893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alizad","given":"Karim","affiliations":[{"id":24567,"text":"UCF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70169099,"text":"70169099 - 2016 - Movement and survival of an amphibian in relation to sediment and culvert design","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-27T08:11:41","indexId":"70169099","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-02T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movement and survival of an amphibian in relation to sediment and culvert design","docAbstract":"Habitat disturbance from stream culverts can affect aquatic organisms by increasing sedimentation or forming barriers to movement. Land managers are replacing many culverts to reduce these negative effects, primarily for stream fishes. However, these management actions are likely to have broad implications for many organisms, including amphibians in small streams. To assess the effects of culverts on movement and survival of the Idaho giant salamander (Dicamptodon aterrimus), we used capture-mark-recapture surveys and measured sediment in streams with 2 culvert types (i.e., unimproved culverts, improved culverts) and in streams without culverts (i.e., reference streams). We predicted culverts would increase stream sediment levels, limit movement, and reduce survival of Idaho giant salamanders. We also determined the effect of sediment levels on survival of salamanders because although sediment is often associated with distribution and abundance of stream amphibians, links with vital rates remain unclear. To estimate survival, we used a spatial Cormack–Jolly–Seber (CJS) model that explicitly incorporated information on movement, eliminating bias in apparent survival estimated from traditional (i.e., non-spatial) CJS models caused by permanent emigration beyond the study area. To demonstrate the importance of using spatial data in studies of wildlife populations, we compared estimates from the spatial CJS to estimates of apparent survival from a traditional CJS model. Although high levels of sediment reduced survival of salamanders, culvert type was unrelated to sediment levels or true survival of salamanders. Across all streams, we documented only 15 movement events between study reaches. All movement events were downstream, and they occurred disproportionately in 1 stream, which precluded measuring the effect of culvert design on movement. Although movement was low overall, the variance among streams was high enough to bias estimates of apparent survival compared to true survival. Our results suggest that where sedimentation occurs from roads and culverts, survival of the Idaho giant salamander could be reduced. Though culverts clearly do not completely block downstream movements of Idaho giant salamanders, the degree to which culvert improvements affect movements under roads in comparison to unimproved culverts remains unclear, especially for rare, but potentially important, upstream movements.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.1056","usgsCitation":"Honeycutt, R., Lowe, W., and Hossack, B.R., 2016, Movement and survival of an amphibian in relation to sediment and culvert design: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 80, no. 4, p. 761-770, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.1056.","startPage":"761","endPage":"770","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065843","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321812,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.510009765625,\n 45.75219336063106\n ],\n [\n -116.510009765625,\n 48.125767833701666\n ],\n [\n -113.97766113281249,\n 48.125767833701666\n ],\n [\n -113.97766113281249,\n 45.75219336063106\n ],\n [\n -116.510009765625,\n 45.75219336063106\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"80","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-04-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57496fb1e4b07e28b665cc7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Honeycutt, R.K","contributorId":167621,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Honeycutt","given":"R.K","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24785,"text":"Wildlife Biology Program, University of Montana, 32 Campus","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":622926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lowe, W.H.","contributorId":91961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowe","given":"W.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hossack, Blake R. 0000-0001-7456-9564 blake_hossack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-9564","contributorId":1177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hossack","given":"Blake","email":"blake_hossack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70174881,"text":"70174881 - 2016 - Evaluating potential artefacts of photo-reversal on behavioral studies with nocturnal invasive sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-20T11:35:47","indexId":"70174881","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-01T18:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating potential artefacts of photo-reversal on behavioral studies with nocturnal invasive sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)","docAbstract":"Sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus L., 1758) are nocturnal, so experiments evaluating their behaviour to chemosensory cues have typically been conducted at night. However, given the brief timeframe each year that adult P. marinus are available for experimentation, we investigated whether P. marinus exposed to a 12 h shifted diurnal cycle (reversed photoperiod) could be tested in a darkened arena during the day and show the same response to chemosensory cues as natural photoperiod P. marinus that were tested during the night. Ten replicates of 10 P. marinus, from each photoperiod, were exposed to deionized water (negative control), 2-phenylethylamine hydrochloride (PEA HCl, putative predator cue), or P. marinus whole-body extract (conspecific alarm cue). All P. marinus demonstrated a significant avoidance response to both cues. No significant differences were found in avoidance to PEA HCl between photoperiods. Avoidance of P. marinus whole-body extract was significantly stronger in natural compared with reversed photoperiod P. marinus. The use of reversed photoperiod subjects is suitable for examining the presence or absence of avoidance in response to novel chemosensory alarm cues, or the change in the magnitude of antipredator response. Studies investigating the natural magnitude of antipredator response should use natural photoperiod experimental subjects.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjz-2015-0254","collaboration":"Matthew Barnett; R.T. Di Rocco; Grant E. Brown; C. Michael Wager","usgsCitation":"Barnett, M., Imre, I., Wagner, C., Di Rocco, R.T., Johnson, N., and Brown, G.E., 2016, Evaluating potential artefacts of photo-reversal on behavioral studies with nocturnal invasive sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus): Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 94, no. 6, p. 405-410, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2015-0254.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"405","endPage":"410","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-073715","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325474,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5790a17ee4b030378fb47428","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnett, Matthew","contributorId":173003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnett","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6585,"text":"Algoma University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Imre, Istvan","contributorId":150985,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Imre","given":"Istvan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6585,"text":"Algoma University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wagner, C. Michael","contributorId":173006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wagner","given":"C. Michael","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Di Rocco, Richard T.","contributorId":173004,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Di Rocco","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6585,"text":"Algoma University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, Nicholas S. 0000-0002-7419-6013 njohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-6013","contributorId":150983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Nicholas S.","email":"njohnson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Brown, Grant E.","contributorId":173005,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Grant","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6586,"text":"Concordia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70202369,"text":"70202369 - 2016 - Managing nutrients, water, and energy for producing more food with low pollution (MoFoLoPo); What would success look like?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-26T14:56:18","indexId":"70202369","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-01T14:56:09","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1532,"text":"Environmental Development","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Managing nutrients, water, and energy for producing more food with low pollution (MoFoLoPo); What would success look like?","docAbstract":"Synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizer has enabled modern agriculture to greatly improve human nutrition during the 20th century, but it has also created unintended human health and environmental pollution challenges for the 21st century. Averaged globally, about half of the fertilizer N applied to farms is removed with the crops, while the other half remains in the soil or is lost from farmers’ fields, resulting in water and air pollution. As human population continues to grow and food security improves in the developing world, the dual development goals of producing more nutritious food with low pollution will require both technological and socio-economic innovations in agriculture.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envdev.2016.03.002","usgsCitation":"Baron, J., 2016, Managing nutrients, water, and energy for producing more food with low pollution (MoFoLoPo); What would success look like?: Environmental Development, v. 18, p. 52-53, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envdev.2016.03.002.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"52","endPage":"53","ipdsId":"IP-073940","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":361558,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baron, Jill 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":194124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":758047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70199158,"text":"70199158 - 2016 - Multi-laboratory survey of qPCR enterococci analysis method performance in U.S. coastal and inland surface waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-07T11:06:31","indexId":"70199158","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-01T11:06:23","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2390,"text":"Journal of Microbiological Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multi-laboratory survey of qPCR enterococci analysis method performance in U.S. coastal and inland surface waters","docAbstract":"Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) has become a frequently used technique for quantifying enterococci in recreational surface waters, but there are several methodological options. Here we evaluated how three method permutations, type of mastermix, sample extract dilution and use of controls in results calculation, affect method reliability among multiple laboratories with respect to sample interference. Multiple samples from each of 22 sites representing an array of habitat types were analyzed using EPA Method 1611 and 1609 reagents with full strength and five-fold diluted extracts. The presence of interference was assessed three ways: using sample processing and PCR amplifications controls; consistency of results across extract dilutions; and relative recovery of target genes from spiked enterococci in water sample compared to control matrices with acceptable recovery defined as 50 to 200%. Method 1609, which is based on an environmental mastermix, was found to be superior to Method 1611, which is based on a universal mastermix. Method 1611 had over a 40% control assay failure rate with undiluted extracts and a 6% failure rate with diluted extracts. Method 1609 failed in only 11% and 3% of undiluted and diluted extracts analyses. Use of sample processing control assay results in the delta–delta Ct method for calculating relative target gene recoveries increased the number of acceptable recovery results. Delta–delta tended to bias recoveries from apparent partially inhibitory samples on the high side which could help in avoiding potential underestimates of enterococci — an important consideration in a public health context. Control assay and delta–delta recovery results were largely consistent across the range of habitats sampled, and among laboratories. The methodological option that best balanced acceptable estimated target gene recoveries with method sensitivity and avoidance of underestimated enterococci densities was Method 1609 without extract dilution and using the delta–delta calculation method. The applicability of this method can be extended by the analysis of diluted extracts to sites where interference is indicated but, particularly in these instances, should be confirmed by augmenting the control assays with analyses for target gene recoveries from spiked target organisms.
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The cyanobacteria Microcystis produces toxins that pose serious threats to animal and human health, resulting in beach closures and impaired water supplies, and have even forced a “do not drink” advisory for the City of Toledo water system for several days in the summer of 2014. The main driver of Lake Erie HABs is elevated phosphorus loading from watersheds draining to the western basin, particularly from the Maumee River watershed (Obenour et al. 2014). Through the 2012 Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (GLWQA), the U.S. and Canadian governments agreed to revise Lake Erie phosphorus loading targets to decrease HAB severity below levels representing a hazard to ecosystem and human health. New targets limit March-July loadings from the Maumee River to 186 metric tonnes of dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) and 860 metric tonnes of total phosphorus (TP) – a 40% reduction from 2008 loads (GLWQA 2016).
\nThe Great Lakes region must now determine what policy options are most effective and feasible for meeting those targets. While all sources are important, our focus is on agriculture because it overwhelms other sources. In a conservative ballpark estimate we found that 85% of the Maumee River’s load to Lake Erie comes from farm fertilizers and manures, even though this is only 10% of farmland fertilizer applications (Figure 1). Load targets will not be met without reductions from agriculture.
\nTherefore, the overall goal of this study was to identify potential options for agricultural management to reduce phosphorus loads and lessen future HABs in Lake Erie. We applied multiple watershed models to test the ability of a series of land management scenarios, developed in consultation with agricultural and environmental stakeholders, to reach the proposed targets.
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Only a small percentage (<10%) of the region had been mapped in the subsurface, and there was recognition that no single agency had the financial, intellectual, or physical resources to conduct such a massive geologic mapping effort at a detailed scale over a wide jurisdiction. The GLGMC provides a strategy for generating financial and stakeholder support for three-dimensional (3-D) geologic mapping, pooling of physical and personnel resources, and sharing of mapping and technological expertise to characterize the thick cover of glacial sediments. Since its inception in 1997, the GLGMC partners have conducted detailed surficial and 3-D geologic mapping within all jurisdictions, and concurrent significant scientific advancements have been made to increase understanding of the history and framework of geologic processes. More importantly, scientific information has been provided to public policymakers in understandable formats, emphasis has been placed on training early-career scientists in new mapping techniques and emerging technologies, and a successful model has been developed of state/provincial and federal collaboration focused on geologic mapping, as evidenced by this program's unprecedented and long-term successful experiment of 10 geological surveys working together to address common issues.
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F.","contributorId":192832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bajc","given":"Andy","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Burt, Abigail K.","contributorId":192833,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burt","given":"Abigail","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Fleeger, Gary M.","contributorId":192834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fleeger","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Carson, Eric C.","contributorId":192835,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carson","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}} ,{"id":70188066,"text":"70188066 - 2016 - The power of remote sensing: Global monitoring of weather, water, and crops with satellites and data integration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-21T16:00:29.132398","indexId":"70188066","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5406,"text":"Resource: Engineering and Technology for a Sustainable World","printIssn":"1076-3333","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The power of remote sensing: Global monitoring of weather, water, and crops with satellites and data integration","docAbstract":"Imagine a family of six whose livelihood is based on subsistence farming on a small, maybe one hectare, parcel of land somewhere in Africa. The seasonal rainfall varies greatly, from 500 to 800 mm per year, and the land is degraded. Thus, the parcel’s total productivity is not more than 1.5 tonnes in a good year, hardly meeting the family’s food requirements. The lack of surplus grain eliminates the need for grain storage structures, and due to the high rainfall variability, drought hazard is always looming, with an average recurrence interval of five to ten years.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers","usgsCitation":"Senay, G., 2016, The power of remote sensing: Global monitoring of weather, water, and crops with satellites and data integration: Resource: Engineering and Technology for a Sustainable World, v. 23, no. 2, p. 6-9.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"6","endPage":"9","ipdsId":"IP-069936","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341855,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341853,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://elibrary.asabe.org/abstract.asp?aid=46628"}],"volume":"23","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"592e84b9e4b092b266f10d32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":166812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70193152,"text":"70193152 - 2016 - Occupancy dynamics in human-modified landscapes in a tropical island: implications for conservation design","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T12:36:29","indexId":"70193152","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1399,"text":"Diversity and Distributions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Occupancy dynamics in human-modified landscapes in a tropical island: implications for conservation design","docAbstract":"Aim
Avian communities in human-modified landscapes exhibit varying patterns of local colonization and extinction rates, determinants of species occurrence. Our objective was to model these processes to identify habitat features that might enable movements and account for occupancy patterns in habitat matrices between the Guanica and Susua forest reserves. This knowledge is central to conservation design, particularly in ever changing insular landscapes.
Location
South-western Puerto Rico.
Methods
We used a multiseason occupancy modelling approach to quantify seasonal estimates of occupancy, and colonization and extinction rates of seven resident avian species surveyed over five seasons from January 2010 to June 2011. We modelled parameters by matrix type, expressions of survey station isolation, quality, amount of forest cover and context (embedded in forest patch).
Results
Seasonal occupancy remained stable throughout the study for all species, consistent with seasonally constant colonization and extinction probabilities. Occupancy was mediated by matrix type, higher in reserves and forested matrix than in the urban and agricultural matrices. This pattern is in accord with the forest affinities of all but an open-habitat specialist. Puerto Rican Spindalis (Spindalis portoricensis) exhibited high occupancy in the urban matrix, highlighting the adaptability of some insular species to novel environments. Highest colonization rates occurred when perching structures were at ≤ 500 m. Survey stations with at least three fruiting tree species and 61% forest cover exhibited lowest seasonal extinction rates.
Main conclusions
Our work identified habitat features that influenced seasonal probabilities of colonization and extinction in a human-modified landscape. Conservation design decisions are better informed with increased knowledge about interpatch distances to improve matrix permeability, and habitat features that increase persistence or continued use of habitat stepping stones. A focus on dynamic processes is valuable because conservation actions directly influence colonization and extinction rates, and thus, a quantitative means to gauge their benefit.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ddi.12415","usgsCitation":"Irizarry, J.I., Collazo, J., and Dinsmore, S., 2016, Occupancy dynamics in human-modified landscapes in a tropical island: implications for conservation design: Diversity and Distributions, v. 22, no. 4, p. 410-421, https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12415.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"410","endPage":"421","ipdsId":"IP-065011","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488016,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12415","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":349195,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -66.99943542480469,\n 17.960444861640777\n ],\n [\n -66.80477142333984,\n 17.960444861640777\n ],\n [\n -66.80477142333984,\n 18.10865552119356\n ],\n [\n -66.99943542480469,\n 18.10865552119356\n ],\n [\n -66.99943542480469,\n 17.960444861640777\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fd5ae4b06e28e9c24b9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Irizarry, Julissa I.","contributorId":141056,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Irizarry","given":"Julissa","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collazo, Jaime A. 0000-0002-1816-7744 jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1816-7744","contributorId":173448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collazo","given":"Jaime A.","email":"jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":718100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dinsmore, Stephen J.","contributorId":61718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dinsmore","given":"Stephen J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70182738,"text":"70182738 - 2016 - Seeded amplification of chronic wasting disease prions in nasal brushings and recto-anal mucosal associated lymphoid tissues from elk by real time quaking-induced conversion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-28T10:52:14","indexId":"70182738","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2218,"text":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seeded amplification of chronic wasting disease prions in nasal brushings and recto-anal mucosal associated lymphoid tissues from elk by real time quaking-induced conversion","docAbstract":"Chronic wasting disease (CWD), a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of cervids, was first documented nearly 50 years ago in Colorado and Wyoming and has since been detected across North America and the Republic of Korea. The expansion of this disease makes the development of sensitive diagnostic assays and antemortem sampling techniques crucial for the mitigation of its spread; this is especially true in cases of relocation/reintroduction or prevalence studies of large or protected herds, where depopulation may be contraindicated. This study evaluated the sensitivity of the real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) assay of recto-anal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (RAMALT) biopsy specimens and nasal brushings collected antemortem. These findings were compared to results of immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis of ante- and postmortem samples. RAMALT samples were collected from populations of farmed and free-ranging Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni; n = 323), and nasal brush samples were collected from a subpopulation of these animals (n = 205). We hypothesized that the sensitivity of RT-QuIC would be comparable to that of IHC analysis of RAMALT and would correspond to that of IHC analysis of postmortem tissues. We found RAMALT sensitivity (77.3%) to be highly correlative between RT-QuIC and IHC analysis. Sensitivity was lower when testing nasal brushings (34%), though both RAMALT and nasal brush test sensitivities were dependent on both the PRNP genotype and disease progression determined by the obex score. These data suggest that RT-QuIC, like IHC analysis, is a relatively sensitive assay for detection of CWD prions in RAMALT biopsy specimens and, with further investigation, has potential for large-scale and rapid automated testing of antemortem samples for CWD.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Microbiology ","doi":"10.1128/JCM.02700-15","usgsCitation":"Haley, N.J., Siepker, C., Hoon-Hanks, L.L., Mitchell, G., Walter, W.D., Manca, M., Monello, R.J., Powers, J.G., Wild, M., Hoover, E.A., Caughey, B., and Richt, J.A., 2016, Seeded amplification of chronic wasting disease prions in nasal brushings and recto-anal mucosal associated lymphoid tissues from elk by real time quaking-induced conversion: Journal of Clinical Microbiology, v. 54, no. 4, p. 1117-1126, https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.02700-15.","productDescription":"10 p. ","startPage":"1117","endPage":"1126","ipdsId":"IP-068664","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471102,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.02700-15","text":"External Repository"},{"id":336318,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b69a41e4b01ccd54ff3f9a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Fenwick, B.W.","contributorId":184145,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fenwick","given":"B.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673643,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Haley, Nicholas J.","contributorId":171814,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haley","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Siepker, Chris","contributorId":171815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siepker","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoon-Hanks, Laura L.","contributorId":184140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoon-Hanks","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mitchell, Gordon","contributorId":184141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Gordon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Walter, W. David 0000-0003-3068-1073 wwalter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3068-1073","contributorId":5083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"W.","email":"wwalter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Manca, Matteo","contributorId":184142,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Manca","given":"Matteo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Monello, Ryan J.","contributorId":184143,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Monello","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Powers, Jenny G.","contributorId":10710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"Jenny","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wild, Margaret A.","contributorId":26976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wild","given":"Margaret A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hoover, Edward A.","contributorId":52316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoover","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Caughey, Byron","contributorId":184144,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caughey","given":"Byron","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Richt, Jurgen a.","contributorId":171819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richt","given":"Jurgen","email":"","middleInitial":"a.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70178855,"text":"70178855 - 2016 - Landscape composition creates a threshold influencing Lesser Prairie-Chicken population resilience to extreme drought","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-09T14:05:54","indexId":"70178855","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3871,"text":"Global Ecology and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape composition creates a threshold influencing Lesser Prairie-Chicken population resilience to extreme drought","docAbstract":"Habitat loss and degradation compound the effects of climate change on wildlife, yet responses to climate and land cover change are often quantified independently. The interaction between climate and land cover change could be intensified in the Great Plains region where grasslands are being converted to row-crop agriculture concurrent with increased frequency of extreme drought events. We quantified the combined effects of land cover and climate change on a species of conservation concern in the Great Plains, the Lesser Prairie-Chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus ). We combined extreme drought events and land cover change with lek count surveys in a Bayesian hierarchical model to quantify changes in abundance of male Lesser Prairie-Chickens from 1978 to 2014 in Kansas, the core of their species range. Our estimates of abundance indicate a gradually decreasing population through 2010 corresponding to drought events and reduced grassland areas. Decreases in Lesser Prairie-Chicken abundance were greatest in areas with increasing row-crop to grassland land cover ratio during extreme drought events, and decreased grassland reduces the resilience of Lesser Prairie-Chicken populations to extreme drought events. A threshold exists for Lesser Prairie-Chickens in response to the gradient of cropland:grassland land cover. When moving across the gradient of grassland to cropland, abundance initially increased in response to more cropland on the landscape, but declined in response to more cropland after the threshold (δ=0.096, or 9.6% cropland). Preservation of intact grasslands and continued implementation of initiatives to revert cropland to grassland should increase Lesser Prairie-Chicken resilience to extreme drought events due to climate change.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2016.03.003","usgsCitation":"Ross, B., Haukos, D.A., Hagen, C.A., and Pitman, J.C., 2016, Landscape composition creates a threshold influencing Lesser Prairie-Chicken population resilience to extreme drought: Global Ecology and Conservation, v. 6, p. 179-188, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2016.03.003.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"188","ipdsId":"IP-071351","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471105,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2016.03.003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":331807,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.0465087890625,\n 36.99377838872517\n ],\n [\n -102.0465087890625,\n 39.198205348894795\n ],\n [\n -98.69018554687499,\n 39.198205348894795\n ],\n [\n -98.69018554687499,\n 36.99377838872517\n ],\n [\n -102.0465087890625,\n 36.99377838872517\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"584bd0dfe4b077fc20250e14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ross, Beth E.","contributorId":56124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ross","given":"Beth E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":655320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hagen, Christian A.","contributorId":107574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hagen","given":"Christian","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pitman, James C.","contributorId":40529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitman","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70192938,"text":"70192938 - 2016 - Role of large- and fine-scale variables in predicting catch rates of larval Pacific lamprey in the Willamette Basin, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-07T12:50:32","indexId":"70192938","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Role of large- and fine-scale variables in predicting catch rates of larval Pacific lamprey in the Willamette Basin, Oregon","docAbstract":"Pacific lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus is an anadromous fish native to the Pacific Northwest of the USA. That has declined substantially over the last 40 years. Effective conservation of this species will require an understanding of the habitat requirements for each life history stage. Because its life cycle contains extended freshwater rearing (3–8 years), the larval stage may be a critical factor limiting abundance of Pacific lamprey. The objective of our study was to estimate the influence of barriers and habitat characteristics on the catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) of larval Pacific lamprey in the Willamette River Basin, Oregon, USA. We sampled lampreys at multiple locations in wadeable streams throughout the basin in 2011–13 and used an information theoretic approach to examine the relative influence of fine- and large-scale predictors of CPUE. Pacific lamprey was observed across the basin, but its relative abundance appeared to be limited by the presence of natural and artificial barriers in some sub-basins. Lower velocity habitats such as off-channel areas and pools contained higher densities of larval lamprey; mean Pacific lamprey CPUE in off-channel habitats was 4 and 32 times greater than in pools and riffles respectively. Restoration and conservation strategies that improve fish passage, enhance natural hydrologic and depositional processes and increase habitat heterogeneity will likely benefit larval Pacific lamprey.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eff.12207","usgsCitation":"Schultz, L., Mayfield, M.P., Sheoships, G.T., Wyss, L.A., Clemens, B.J., Whitlock, S.L., and Schreck, C.B., 2016, Role of large- and fine-scale variables in predicting catch rates of larval Pacific lamprey in the Willamette Basin, Oregon: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 25, no. 2, p. 261-271, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12207.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"261","endPage":"271","ipdsId":"IP-056803","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348380,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Willamette River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.50280761718751,\n 43.97700467496408\n ],\n [\n -122.01416015625,\n 43.97700467496408\n ],\n [\n -122.01416015625,\n 45.7176863579072\n ],\n [\n -123.50280761718751,\n 45.7176863579072\n ],\n [\n -123.50280761718751,\n 43.97700467496408\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07ea50e4b09af898c8cc75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schultz, Luke 0000-0002-6751-4626 lschultz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6751-4626","contributorId":193171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"Luke","email":"lschultz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mayfield, Mariah P.","contributorId":200089,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mayfield","given":"Mariah","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sheoships, Gabe T.","contributorId":200090,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sheoships","given":"Gabe","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wyss, Lance A.","contributorId":195114,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wyss","given":"Lance","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clemens, Benjamin J.","contributorId":195098,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clemens","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Whitlock, Steven L.","contributorId":171705,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitlock","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schreck, Carl B. 0000-0001-8347-1139 carl.schreck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-1139","contributorId":878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreck","given":"Carl","email":"carl.schreck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70186184,"text":"70186184 - 2016 - Late Holocene expansion of Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) in the Central Rocky Mountains, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-31T10:27:47","indexId":"70186184","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2193,"text":"Journal of Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Holocene expansion of Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) in the Central Rocky Mountains, USA","docAbstract":"\"Aim: Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) experienced one of the most extensive and rapid post-glacial plant migrations in western North America. We used plant macrofossils from woodrat (Neotoma) middens to reconstruct its spread in the Central Rocky Mountains, identify other vegetation changes coinciding with P. ponderosa expansion at the same sites, and relate P. ponderosa migrational history to both its modern phylogeography and to a parallel expansion by Utah juniper (Juniperus osteosperma).\nLocation: Central Rocky Mountains, Wyoming and Montana, and Black Hills, Wyoming and South Dakota, USA.\nMethods: Plant macrofossils were analyzed in 90 middens collected at 14 widely separated sites in the northern part of the range of P. ponderosa var. scopulorum. Middens with and without P. ponderosa were 14C dated to pinpoint time of appearance at each site. Sensitivity experiments using a bioclimatic model were used to evaluate potential climatic drivers of late Holocene expansion.\nResults: P. ponderosa colonized the Black Hills region by at least 3850 yr BP (all ages given in calendar years before present). It expanded into the eastern Bighorn Mountains of northern Wyoming by 2630 yr BP, quickly spreading north in the western Bighorns from 1400 to 1000 yr BP. Concurrent with the latter expansion, P. ponderosa spread c. ~350 km to the Little Belt and Big Belt Mountains in western Montana, establishing its northern limit and the modern introgression zone between var. scopulorum and var. ponderosa. Expansion in the Central Rockies of P. ponderosa involved two known haplotypes.\nMain conclusions: P. ponderosa expanded its range across large parts of northern Wyoming and central Montana during the late Holocene, probably in response to both northward and westward increases in summer temperature and rainfall. The underlying climatic driver may be the same as for the contemporaneous expansion of J. osteosperma, but will remain undetermined without focused development and integration of independent palaeoclimate records in the region.\"","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jbi.12670","usgsCitation":"Norris, J.R., Betancourt, J.L., and Jackson, S., 2016, Late Holocene expansion of Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) in the Central Rocky Mountains, USA: Journal of Biogeography, v. 43, no. 4, p. 778-790, https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12670.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"778","endPage":"790","ipdsId":"IP-065920","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338933,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":338875,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jbi.12670/full"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, South Dakota, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Central Rocky Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.150390625,\n 47.18971246448421\n ],\n [\n -104.501953125,\n 47.21956811231547\n ],\n [\n -112.2802734375,\n 49.06666839558117\n ],\n [\n -121.86035156249999,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -124.541015625,\n 47.635783590864854\n ],\n [\n -124.8486328125,\n 43.644025847699496\n ],\n [\n -123.22265625000001,\n 36.80928470205937\n ],\n [\n -116.93847656250001,\n 32.69486597787505\n ],\n [\n -115.09277343749999,\n 32.731840896865684\n ],\n [\n -103.095703125,\n 32.58384932565662\n ],\n [\n -103.271484375,\n 36.94989178681327\n ],\n [\n -101.162109375,\n 40.1452892956766\n ],\n [\n -101.29394531249999,\n 47.07012182383309\n ],\n [\n -104.150390625,\n 47.18971246448421\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58df6ac1e4b02ff32c6aea3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Norris, Jodi R.","contributorId":190196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Norris","given":"Jodi","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Betancourt, Julio L. 0000-0002-7165-0743 jlbetanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":3376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"Julio","email":"jlbetanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":687783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jackson, Stephen T.","contributorId":127411,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jackson","given":"Stephen T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70179637,"text":"70179637 - 2016 - Basin scale controls on CO2 and CH4 emissions from the Upper Mississippi River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-09T11:30:46","indexId":"70179637","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Basin scale controls on CO2 and CH4 emissions from the Upper Mississippi River","docAbstract":"The Upper Mississippi River, engineered for river navigation in the 1930s, includes a series of low-head dams and navigation pools receiving elevated sediment and nutrient loads from the mostly agricultural basin. Using high-resolution, spatially resolved water quality sensor measurements along 1385 river kilometers, we show that primary productivity and organic matter accumulation affect river carbon dioxide and methane emissions to the atmosphere. Phytoplankton drive CO2to near or below atmospheric equilibrium during the growing season, while anaerobic carbon oxidation supports a large proportion of the CO2 and CH4 production. Reductions of suspended sediment load, absent of dramatic reductions in nutrients, will likely further reduce net CO2emissions from the river. Large river pools, like Lake Pepin, which removes the majority of upstream sediments, and large agricultural tributaries downstream that deliver significant quantities of sediments and nutrients, are likely to persist as major geographical drivers of greenhouse gas emissions.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2015GL067599","usgsCitation":"Crawford, J.T., Loken, L., Stanley, E.H., Stets, E., Dornblaser, M.M., and Striegl, R.G., 2016, Basin scale controls on CO2 and CH4 emissions from the Upper Mississippi River: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 43, no. 5, p. 1973-1979, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL067599.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1973","endPage":"1979","ipdsId":"IP-071715","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471101,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015gl067599","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":332986,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.12109375,\n 37.055177106660814\n ],\n [\n -89.5166015625,\n 37.77071473849609\n ],\n [\n -90.263671875,\n 38.272688535980976\n ],\n [\n -89.9560546875,\n 38.87392853923629\n ],\n [\n -90.52734374999999,\n 39.07890809706475\n ],\n [\n -90.81298828125,\n 39.41922073655956\n ],\n [\n -91.40625,\n 39.977120098439634\n ],\n [\n -91.2744140625,\n 40.56389453066509\n ],\n [\n -90.8349609375,\n 40.94671366508002\n ],\n [\n -90.85693359375,\n 41.376808565702355\n ],\n [\n -90.15380859375,\n 41.72213058512578\n ],\n [\n -90.10986328125,\n 42.13082130188811\n ],\n [\n -90.50537109375,\n 42.52069952914966\n ],\n [\n -90.72509765625,\n 42.76314586689492\n ],\n [\n -90.98876953125,\n 42.8115217450979\n ],\n [\n -90.98876953125,\n 43.32517767999296\n ],\n [\n -91.25244140624999,\n 43.94537239244209\n ],\n [\n -91.58203125,\n 44.134913443750726\n ],\n [\n -91.95556640625,\n 44.41808794374846\n ],\n [\n -92.373046875,\n 44.63739123445585\n ],\n [\n -92.724609375,\n 44.793530904744074\n ],\n [\n -92.900390625,\n 44.69989765840318\n ],\n [\n -92.17529296875,\n 44.35527821160296\n ],\n [\n -91.49414062499999,\n 43.8186748554532\n ],\n [\n -91.3623046875,\n 43.30919109985686\n ],\n [\n -91.29638671875,\n 42.89206418807337\n ],\n [\n -90.98876953125,\n 42.601619944327965\n ],\n [\n -90.72509765625,\n 42.391008609205045\n ],\n [\n -90.37353515625,\n 42.114523952464246\n ],\n [\n -90.46142578125,\n 41.705728515237524\n ],\n [\n -90.90087890624999,\n 41.49212083968776\n ],\n [\n -91.1865234375,\n 41.47566020027821\n ],\n [\n -91.2744140625,\n 41.1290213474951\n ],\n [\n -91.0986328125,\n 40.96330795307353\n ],\n [\n -91.42822265625,\n 40.68063802521456\n ],\n [\n -91.69189453125,\n 40.34654412118006\n ],\n [\n -91.69189453125,\n 39.8928799002948\n ],\n [\n -91.29638671875,\n 39.50404070558415\n ],\n [\n -90.85693359375,\n 39.18117526158749\n ],\n [\n -90.46142578125,\n 38.77121637244273\n ],\n [\n -90.3076171875,\n 38.788345355085625\n ],\n [\n -90.50537109375,\n 38.42777351132902\n ],\n [\n -90.52734374999999,\n 38.20365531807149\n ],\n [\n -90.17578124999999,\n 37.90953361677018\n ],\n [\n -89.75830078125,\n 37.50972584293751\n ],\n [\n -89.5166015625,\n 37.03763967977139\n ],\n [\n -89.31884765624999,\n 36.82687474287728\n ],\n [\n -89.12109375,\n 37.055177106660814\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-03-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5874b0aee4b0a829a320bb6b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crawford, John T. 0000-0003-4440-6945 jtcrawford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4440-6945","contributorId":4081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"John","email":"jtcrawford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loken, Luke C. lloken@usgs.gov","contributorId":169218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loken","given":"Luke C.","email":"lloken@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":657994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stanley, Emily H.","contributorId":55725,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stanley","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":12951,"text":"Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":657996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stets, Edward G. estets@usgs.gov","contributorId":174182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stets","given":"Edward G.","email":"estets@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":657997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dornblaser, Mark M. 0000-0002-6298-3757 mmdornbl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6298-3757","contributorId":1636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dornblaser","given":"Mark","email":"mmdornbl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Striegl, Robert G. 0000-0002-8251-4659 rstriegl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-4659","contributorId":1630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Striegl","given":"Robert","email":"rstriegl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":657999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70160859,"text":"70160859 - 2016 - Seismic site characterization of an urban dedimentary basin, Livermore Valley, California: Site tesponse, basin-edge-induced surface waves, and 3D simulations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-29T11:05:08","indexId":"70160859","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic site characterization of an urban dedimentary basin, Livermore Valley, California: Site tesponse, basin-edge-induced surface waves, and 3D simulations","docAbstract":"Thirty‐two accelerometers were deployed in the Livermore Valley, California, for approximately one year to study sedimentary basin effects. Many local and near‐regional earthquakes were recorded, including the 24 August 2014 Mw 6.0 Napa, California, earthquake. The resulting ground‐motion data set is used to quantify the seismic response of the Livermore basin, a major structural depression in the California Coast Range Province bounded by active faults. Site response is calculated by two methods: the reference‐site spectral ratio method and a source‐site spectral inversion method. Longer‐period (≥1 s) amplification factors follow the same general pattern as Bouguer gravity anomaly contours. Site response spectra are inverted for shallow shear‐wave velocity profiles, which are consistent with independent information. Frequency–wavenumber analysis is used to analyze plane‐wave propagation across the Livermore Valley and to identify basin‐edge‐induced surface waves with back azimuths different from the source back azimuth. Finite‐element simulations in a 3D velocity model of the region illustrate the generation of basin‐edge‐induced surface waves and point out strips of elevated ground velocities along the margins of the basin.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120150289","usgsCitation":"Hartzell, S.H., Leeds, A.L., Ramirez-Guzman, L., Allen, J.P., and Schmitt, R.G., 2016, Seismic site characterization of an urban dedimentary basin, Livermore Valley, California: Site tesponse, basin-edge-induced surface waves, and 3D simulations: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 103, no. 2, p. 609-631, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120150289.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"609","endPage":"631","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071579","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324604,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"103","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-04-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5774f2c6e4b07dd077c6aa3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hartzell, Stephen H. 0000-0003-0858-9043 shartzell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0858-9043","contributorId":2594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartzell","given":"Stephen","email":"shartzell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":584071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leeds, Alena L. 0000-0002-8756-3687 aleeds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8756-3687","contributorId":4077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leeds","given":"Alena","email":"aleeds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":584072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ramirez-Guzman, Leonardo","contributorId":151026,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramirez-Guzman","given":"Leonardo","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":584073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Allen, James P. jallen@usgs.gov","contributorId":4797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"James","email":"jallen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":584074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schmitt, Robert G. 0000-0001-8060-1954 rschmitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8060-1954","contributorId":5611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"Robert","email":"rschmitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":584075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70184450,"text":"70184450 - 2016 - RMT focal plane sensitivity to seismic network geometry and faulting style","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-09T11:35:11","indexId":"70184450","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"RMT focal plane sensitivity to seismic network geometry and faulting style","docAbstract":"Modern tectonic studies often use regional moment tensors (RMTs) to interpret the seismotectonic framework of an earthquake or earthquake sequence; however, despite extensive use, little existing work addresses RMT parameter uncertainty. Here, we quantify how network geometry and faulting style affect RMT sensitivity. We examine how data-model fits change with fault plane geometry (strike and dip) for varying station configurations. We calculate the relative data fit for incrementally varying geometries about a best-fitting solution, applying our workflow to real and synthetic seismograms for both real and hypothetical station distributions and earthquakes. Initially, we conduct purely observational tests, computing RMTs from synthetic seismograms for hypothetical earthquakes and a series of well-behaved network geometries. We then incorporate real data and station distributions from the International Maule Aftershock Deployment (IMAD), which recorded aftershocks of the 2010 MW 8.8 Maule earthquake, and a set of regional stations capturing the ongoing earthquake sequence in Oklahoma and southern Kansas. We consider RMTs computed under three scenarios: (1) real seismic records selected for high data quality; (2) synthetic seismic records with noise computed for the observed source-station pairings and (3) synthetic seismic records with noise computed for all possible station-source pairings. To assess RMT sensitivity for each test, we observe the ‘fit falloff’, which portrays how relative fit changes when strike or dip varies incrementally; we then derive the ranges of acceptable strikes and dips by identifying the span of solutions with relative fits larger than 90 per cent of the best fit. For the azimuthally incomplete IMAD network, Scenario 3 best constrains fault geometry, with average ranges of 45° and 31° for strike and dip, respectively. In Oklahoma, Scenario 3 best constrains fault dip with an average range of 46°; however, strike is best constrained by Scenario 1, with a range of 26°. We draw two main conclusions from this study. (1) Station distribution impacts our ability to constrain RMTs using waveform time-series; however, in some tectonic settings, faulting style also plays a significant role and (2) increasing station density and data quantity (both the number of stations and the number of individual channels) does not necessarily improve RMT constraint. These results may be useful when organizing future seismic deployments (e.g. by concentrating stations in alignment with anticipated nodal planes), and in computing RMTs, either by guiding a more rigorous data selection process for input data or informing variable weighting among the selected data (e.g. by eliminating the transverse component when strike-slip mechanisms are expected).
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/gji/ggw141","usgsCitation":"Johnson, K.L., Hayes, G.P., Herrmann, R., Benz, H.M., McNamara, D.E., and Bergman, E.A., 2016, RMT focal plane sensitivity to seismic network geometry and faulting style: Geophysical Journal International, v. 206, no. 1, p. 525-556, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggw141.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"525","endPage":"556","ipdsId":"IP-075457","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471100,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggw141","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337167,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"206","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-04-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c277dce4b014cc3a3e76d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Kendra L. kljohnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":4908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Kendra","email":"kljohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayes, Gavin P. 0000-0003-3323-0112 ghayes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3323-0112","contributorId":147556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Gavin","email":"ghayes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Herrmann, Robert B.","contributorId":80255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Herrmann","given":"Robert B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Benz, Harley M. 0000-0002-6860-2134 benz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-2134","contributorId":794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benz","given":"Harley","email":"benz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McNamara, Daniel E. 0000-0001-6860-0350 mcnamara@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6860-0350","contributorId":402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McNamara","given":"Daniel","email":"mcnamara@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bergman, Eric A. 0000-0002-7069-8286","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7069-8286","contributorId":84513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bergman","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":681571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70174974,"text":"70174974 - 2016 - Detailed mapping and rupture implications of the 1 km releasing bend in the Rodgers Creek Fault at Santa Rosa, northern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-21T17:14:50.19961","indexId":"70174974","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detailed mapping and rupture implications of the 1 km releasing bend in the Rodgers Creek Fault at Santa Rosa, northern California","docAbstract":"Airborne light detection and ranging (lidar) topography reveals for the first time the trace of the Rodgers Creek fault (RCF) through the center of Santa Rosa, the largest city in the northern San Francisco Bay area. Vertical deformation of the Santa Rosa Creek floodplain expresses a composite pull‐apart basin beneath the urban cover that is part of a broader 1‐km‐wide right‐releasing bend in the fault. High‐resolution geophysical data illuminate subsurface conditions that may be responsible for the complex pattern of surface faulting, as well as for the distribution of seismicity and possibly for creep behavior. We identify a dense, magnetic basement body bounded by the RCF beneath Santa Rosa that we interpret as a strong asperity, likely part of a larger locked patch of the fault to the south. A local increase in frictional resistance associated with the basement body appears to explain (1) distributed fault‐normal extension above where the RCF intersects the body; (2) earthquake activity around the northern end of the body, notably the 1969 ML 5.6 and 5.7 events and aftershocks; and (3) creep rates on the RCF that are higher to the north of Santa Rosa than to the south. There is a significant probability of a major earthquake on the RCF in the coming decades, and earthquakes associated with the proposed asperity have the potential to release seismic energy into the Cotati basin beneath Santa Rosa, already known from damaging historical earthquakes to produce amplified ground shaking.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120150152","usgsCitation":"Hecker, S., Langenheim, V., Williams, R., Hitchcock, C.S., and DeLong, S.B., 2016, Detailed mapping and rupture implications of the 1 km releasing bend in the Rodgers Creek Fault at Santa Rosa, northern California: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 106, no. 2, p. 575-594, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120150152.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"575","endPage":"594","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062016","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325596,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Santa Rosa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.84637451171874,\n 38.33088431959968\n ],\n [\n -122.84637451171874,\n 38.52453288748689\n ],\n [\n -122.55249023437501,\n 38.52453288748689\n ],\n [\n -122.55249023437501,\n 38.33088431959968\n ],\n [\n -122.84637451171874,\n 38.33088431959968\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"106","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5797382fe4b021cadec8ff2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hecker, Suzanne 0000-0002-5054-372X shecker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-372X","contributorId":3553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hecker","given":"Suzanne","email":"shecker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":643469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Langenheim, Victoria E. 0000-0003-2170-5213 zulanger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":151042,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"Victoria E.","email":"zulanger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":643470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, Robert 0000-0002-2973-8493 rawilliams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2973-8493","contributorId":140741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Robert","email":"rawilliams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":643471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hitchcock, Christopher S.","contributorId":173160,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hitchcock","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":27167,"text":"InfraTerra, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"DeLong, Stephen B. 0000-0002-0945-2172 sdelong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0945-2172","contributorId":5240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLong","given":"Stephen","email":"sdelong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":643473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70177963,"text":"70177963 - 2016 - Municipal solid waste landfills harbor distinct microbiomes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T11:52:05","indexId":"70177963","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1702,"text":"Frontiers in Microbiology","onlineIssn":"1664-302X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Municipal solid waste landfills harbor distinct microbiomes","docAbstract":"Landfills are the final repository for most of the discarded material from human society and its “built environments.” Microorganisms subsequently degrade this discarded material in the landfill, releasing gases (largely CH4 and CO2) and a complex mixture of soluble chemical compounds in leachate. Characterization of “landfill microbiomes” and their comparison across several landfills should allow the identification of environmental or operational properties that influence the composition of these microbiomes and potentially their biodegradation capabilities. To this end, the composition of landfill microbiomes was characterized as part of an ongoing USGS national survey studying the chemical composition of leachates from 19 non-hazardous landfills across 16 states in the continental U.S. The landfills varied in parameters such as size, waste composition, management strategy, geography, and climate zone. The diversity and composition of bacterial and archaeal populations in leachate samples were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, and compared against a variety of physical and chemical parameters in an attempt to identify their impact on selection. Members of the Epsilonproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Clostridia, and candidate division OP3 were the most abundant. The distribution of the observed phylogenetic diversity could best be explained by a combination of variables and was correlated most strongly with the concentrations of chloride and barium, rate of evapotranspiration, age of waste, and the number of detected household chemicals. This study illustrates how leachate microbiomes are distinct from those of other natural or built environments, and sheds light on the major selective forces responsible for this microbial diversity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2016.00534","usgsCitation":"Stamps, B.W., Lyles, C.N., Suflita, J.M., Masoner, J.R., Cozzarelli, I.M., Kolpin, D.W., and Stevenson, B.S., 2016, Municipal solid waste landfills harbor distinct microbiomes: Frontiers in Microbiology, v. 7, p. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00534.","productDescription":"Article 534; 11 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"11","ipdsId":"IP-062988","costCenters":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471095,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00534","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":330574,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-04-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5818582fe4b0bb36a4c6fa13","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stamps, Blake W.","contributorId":176485,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stamps","given":"Blake","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyles, Christopher N.","contributorId":176484,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lyles","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Suflita, Joseph M.","contributorId":82997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suflita","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Masoner, Jason R. 0000-0002-4829-6379 jmasoner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4829-6379","contributorId":3193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masoner","given":"Jason","email":"jmasoner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cozzarelli, Isabelle M. 0000-0002-5123-1007 icozzare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":1693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"Isabelle","email":"icozzare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505 dwkolpin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":1239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana","email":"dwkolpin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stevenson, Bradley S.","contributorId":176491,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stevenson","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70178868,"text":"70178868 - 2016 - Increased temperatures combined with lowered salinities differentially impact oyster size class growth and mortality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-09T15:46:38","indexId":"70178868","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2455,"text":"Journal of Shellfish Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Increased temperatures combined with lowered salinities differentially impact oyster size class growth and mortality","docAbstract":"Changes in the timing and interaction of seasonal high temperatures and low salinities as predicted by climate change models could dramatically alter oyster population dynamics. Little is known explicitly about how low salinity and high temperature combinations affect spat (<25mm), seed (25–75mm), andmarket (>75mm) oyster growth and mortality. Using field and laboratory studies, this project quantified the combined effects of extremely low salinities (<5) and high temperatures (>30°C) on growth and survival of spat, seed, andmarket-sized oysters. In 2012 and 2013, hatchery-produced oysters were placed in open and closed cages at three sites in Breton Sound, LA, along a salinity gradient that typically ranged from 5 to 20. Growth and mortality were recorded monthly. Regardless of size class, oysters at the lowest salinity site (annualmean = 4.8) experienced significantly highermortality and lower growth than oysters located in higher salinity sites (annual means = 11.1 and 13.0, respectively); furthermore, all oysters in open cages at the two higher salinity sites experienced higher mortality than in closed cages, likely due to predation. To explicitly examine oyster responses to extreme low salinity and high temperature combinations, a series of laboratory studies were conducted. Oysters were placed in 18 tanks in a fully crossed temperature (25°C, 32°C) by salinity (1, 5, and 15) study with three replicates, and repeated at least twice for each oyster size class. Regardless of temperature, seed and market oysters held in low salinity tanks (salinity 1) experienced 100% mortality within 7 days. In contrast, at salinity 5, temperature significantly affected mortality; oysters in all size classes experienced greater than 50%mortality at 32°C and less than 40%mortality at 25°C. At the highest salinity tested (15), only market-sized oysters held at 32°C experienced significant mortality (>60%). These studies demonstrate that high water temperatures (>30°C) and low salinities (<5) negatively impact oyster growth and survival differentially and that high temperatures alone may negatively impact market-sized oysters. It is critical to understand the potential impacts of climate and anthropogenic changes on oyster resources to better adapt and manage for long-term sustainability.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Shellfisheries Association","doi":"10.2983/035.035.0112","usgsCitation":"LaPeyre, M.K., Rybovich, M., Hall, S., and La Peyre, J.F., 2016, Increased temperatures combined with lowered salinities differentially impact oyster size class growth and mortality: Journal of Shellfish Research, v. 35, no. 1, p. 101-113, https://doi.org/10.2983/035.035.0112.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"113","ipdsId":"IP-070396","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331826,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","city":"Breton Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.9945068359375,\n 29.501768632523262\n ],\n [\n -89.9945068359375,\n 29.878755346037977\n ],\n [\n -89.39849853515625,\n 29.878755346037977\n ],\n [\n -89.39849853515625,\n 29.501768632523262\n ],\n [\n -89.9945068359375,\n 29.501768632523262\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"584bd0dfe4b077fc20250e12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LaPeyre, Megan K. 0000-0001-9936-2252 mlapeyre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9936-2252","contributorId":585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaPeyre","given":"Megan","email":"mlapeyre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":655385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rybovich, Molly","contributorId":177344,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rybovich","given":"Molly","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hall, Steven G.","contributorId":177345,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"Steven G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"La Peyre, Jerome F.","contributorId":34697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"La Peyre","given":"Jerome","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70179162,"text":"70179162 - 2016 - 2015 National Park visitor spending effects: Economic contributions to local communities, states, and the nation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-20T12:55:05","indexId":"70179162","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":53,"text":"Natural Resource Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"NPS/NRSS/EQD/NRR—2016/1200","title":"2015 National Park visitor spending effects: Economic contributions to local communities, states, and the nation","docAbstract":"The National Park Service (NPS) manages the Nation’s most iconic destinations that attract millions of visitors from across the Nation and around the world. Trip-related spending by NPS visitors generates and supports a considerable amount of economic activity within park gateway communities. This economic effects analysis measures how NPS visitor spending cycles through local economies, generating business sales and supporting jobs and income.
In 2015, the National Park System received over 307.2 million recreation visits. NPS visitors spent \\$16.9 billion in local gateway regions (defined as communities within 60 miles of a park). The contribution of this spending to the national economy was 295 thousand jobs, \\$11.1 billion in labor income, \\$18.4 billion in value added, and \\$32.0 billion in economic output. The lodging sector saw the highest direct contributions with \\$5.2 billion in economic output directly contributed to local gateway economies nationally. The sector with the next greatest direct contributions was the restaurants and bar sector, with \\$3.4 billion in economic output directly contributed to local gateway economies nationally.
Results from the Visitor Spending Effects report series are available online via an interactive tool. Users can view year-by-year trend data and explore current year visitor spending, jobs, labor income, value added, and economic output effects by sector for national, state, and local economies. This interactive tool is available at http://go.nps.gov/vse.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Cullinane Thomas, C., and Koontz, L., 2016, 2015 National Park visitor spending effects: Economic contributions to local communities, states, and the nation: Natural Resource Report NPS/NRSS/EQD/NRR—2016/1200, v, 53 p.","productDescription":"v, 53 p.","numberOfPages":"62","ipdsId":"IP-074337","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332338,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":332309,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nps.gov/subjects/socialscience/vse.htm"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"585a51bee4b01224f329b5eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cullinane Thomas, Catherine M. 0000-0001-8168-1271 ccullinanethomas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8168-1271","contributorId":5281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cullinane Thomas","given":"Catherine M.","email":"ccullinanethomas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":656250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koontz, Lynne koontzl@usgs.gov","contributorId":2174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koontz","given":"Lynne","email":"koontzl@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":7016,"text":"Environmental Quality Division, National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":656251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70162313,"text":"70162313 - 2016 - Does urban sprawl hold down upward mobility?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-11T15:46:08","indexId":"70162313","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2603,"text":"Landscape and Urban Planning","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does urban sprawl hold down upward mobility?","docAbstract":"Contrary to the general perception, the United States has a much more class-bound society than other wealthy countries. The chance of upward mobility for Americans is just half that of the citizens of the Denmark and many other European countries. In addition to other influences, the built environment may contribute to the low rate of upward mobility in the U.S. This study tests the relationship between urban sprawl and upward mobility for commuting zones in the U.S. We examine potential pathways through which sprawl may have an effect on mobility. We use structural equation modeling to account for both direct and indirect effects of sprawl on upward mobility. We find that upward mobility is significantly higher in compact areas than sprawling areas. The direct effect, which we attribute to better job accessibility in more compact commuting zones, is stronger than the indirect effects. Of the indirect effects, only one, through the mediating variable income segregation, is significant.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.11.012","collaboration":"Ewing, R. University of Utah; Shima Hamidi, University of Utah","usgsCitation":"Ewing, R., Hamidi, S., Grace, J.B., and Wei, Y., 2016, Does urban sprawl hold down upward mobility?: Landscape and Urban Planning, v. 148, p. 80-88, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.11.012.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"80","endPage":"88","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057604","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471096,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.11.012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":314696,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"148","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a360bbe4b0b28f1183bbef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ewing, R.","contributorId":69947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ewing","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hamidi, Shima","contributorId":30909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamidi","given":"Shima","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grace, James B. 0000-0001-6374-4726 gracej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","email":"gracej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wei, Y.","contributorId":9502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wei","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70177888,"text":"70177888 - 2016 - Effects of urban land-use on largescale stonerollers in the Mobile River Basin, Birmingham, AL","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-26T14:27:33","indexId":"70177888","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of urban land-use on largescale stonerollers in the Mobile River Basin, Birmingham, AL","docAbstract":"During the spring and fall of 2001 and the spring of 2002 a study was conducted to evaluate the health of the largescale stoneroller (Campostoma oligolepis) populations in streams along an urban land-use gradient. Sites were selected from a pool of naturally similar sub-basins (eco-region, basin size, and geology) of the Mobile River basin (MRB), using an index of urban intensity derived from infrastructure, socioeconomic, and land-use data. This urban land-use gradient (ULUG) is a multimetric indicator of urban intensity, ranging from 0 (background) to 100 (intense urbanization). Campostoma sp. have been used previously as indicators of stream health and are common species found in all sites within the MRB. Endpoints used to determine the effects of urban land-use on the largescale stoneroller included total glutathione, histology, hepatic apoptosis, condition factor and external lesions. Liver glutathione levels were positively associated with increasing urban land-use (r2 = 0.94). Histopathological examination determined that some abnormalities and lesions were correlated with the ULUG and generally increased in prevalence or severity with increasing urbanization. Liver macrophage aggregates were positively correlated to the ULUG. The occurrence of nucleosomal ladders (indicating apoptotic cell death) did not correspond with urban intensity in a linear fashion. Apoptosis, as well as prevalence and severity of a myxozoan parasite, appeared to have a hormetic dose–response relationship. The majority of the biomarkers suggested fish health was compromised in areas where the ULUG ≥ 36.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10646-016-1620-3","usgsCitation":"Iwanowicz, D.D., Black, M., Blazer, V., Zappia, H., and Bryant, W., 2016, Effects of urban land-use on largescale stonerollers in the Mobile River Basin, Birmingham, AL: Ecotoxicology, v. 25, no. 3, p. 608-621, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-016-1620-3.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"608","endPage":"621","ipdsId":"IP-052558","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330425,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","otherGeospatial":"Mobile River Basin","volume":"25","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5811c0f2e4b0f497e79a5a75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iwanowicz, Deborah D. 0000-0002-9613-8594 diwanowicz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9613-8594","contributorId":2253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"Deborah","email":"diwanowicz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Black, M.C.","contributorId":89091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Black","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blazer, Vicki S. 0000-0001-6647-9614 vblazer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":150384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"Vicki S.","email":"vblazer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zappia, H.","contributorId":94474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zappia","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bryant, Wade L. Jr. wbbryant@usgs.gov","contributorId":1777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bryant","given":"Wade L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"wbbryant@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":652035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70189237,"text":"70189237 - 2016 - Evidence for partial melt in the crust beneath Mt. Paektu (Changbaishan), Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and China","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-06T13:21:12","indexId":"70189237","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5010,"text":"Science Advances","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for partial melt in the crust beneath Mt. Paektu (Changbaishan), Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and China","docAbstract":"Mt. Paektu (also known as Changbaishan) is an enigmatic volcano on the border between the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) and China. Despite being responsible for one of the largest eruptions in history, comparatively little is known about its magmatic evolution, geochronology, or underlying structure. We present receiver function results from an unprecedented seismic deployment in the DPRK. These are the first estimates of the crustal structure on the DPRK side of the volcano and, indeed, for anywhere beneath the DPRK. The crust 60 km from the volcano has a thickness of 35 km and a bulk VP/VS of 1.76, similar to that of the Sino-Korean craton. The VP/VS ratio increases ~20 km from the volcano, rising to >1.87 directly beneath the volcano. This shows that a large region of the crust has been modified by magmatism associated with the volcanism. Such high values of VP/VS suggest that partial melt is present in the crust beneath Mt. Paektu. This region of melt represents a potential source for magmas erupted in the last few thousand years and may be associated with an episode of volcanic unrest observed between 2002 and 2005.
","language":"English","publisher":"AAAS","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.1501513","usgsCitation":"Kyong-Song, R., Hammond, J., Chol-Nam, K., Hyok, K., Yong-Gun, Y., Gil-Jong, P., Chong-Song, R., Oppenheimer, C., Liu, K.W., Iacovino, K.D., and Kum-Ran, R., 2016, Evidence for partial melt in the crust beneath Mt. Paektu (Changbaishan), Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and China: Science Advances, v. 2, no. 4, e1501513; 6 p., https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501513.","productDescription":"e1501513; 6 p.","ipdsId":"IP-071512","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471104,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501513","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":343418,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea","otherGeospatial":"Mt. Paektu","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 129,\n 41.8\n ],\n [\n 127.8,\n 41.8\n ],\n [\n 127.8,\n 42.2\n ],\n [\n 129,\n 42.2\n ],\n [\n 129,\n 41.8\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595f4c3fe4b0d1f9f057e34c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kyong-Song, Ri","contributorId":194279,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kyong-Song","given":"Ri","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hammond, James O. S.","contributorId":194280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hammond","given":"James O. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chol-Nam, Ko","contributorId":194281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chol-Nam","given":"Ko","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hyok, Kim","contributorId":194282,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hyok","given":"Kim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yong-Gun, Yun","contributorId":194283,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yong-Gun","given":"Yun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gil-Jong, Pak","contributorId":194284,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gil-Jong","given":"Pak","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Chong-Song, Ri","contributorId":194285,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chong-Song","given":"Ri","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Oppenheimer, Clive","contributorId":174445,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oppenheimer","given":"Clive","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27136,"text":"University of Cambridge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":703658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Liu, Kosima W.","contributorId":194287,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Kosima","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Iacovino, Kayla D. kiacovino@usgs.gov","contributorId":5737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iacovino","given":"Kayla","email":"kiacovino@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":703650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Kum-Ran, Ryu","contributorId":194288,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kum-Ran","given":"Ryu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70182745,"text":"70182745 - 2016 - Off-road vehicles affect nesting behaviour and reproductive success of American Oystercatchers Haematopus palliatus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-28T11:22:29","indexId":"70182745","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5306,"text":"International Journal of Avian Science ","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Off-road vehicles affect nesting behaviour and reproductive success of American Oystercatchers Haematopus palliatus","docAbstract":"As human populations and associated development increase, interactions between humans and wildlife are occurring with greater frequency. The effects of these interactions, particularly on species whose populations are declining, are of great interest to ecologists, conservationists, land managers and natural resource policy-makers. The American Oystercatcher Haematopus palliatus, a species of conservation concern in the USA, nests on coastal beaches subject to various forms of anthropogenic disturbance, including aircraft overflights, off-road vehicles and pedestrians. This study assessed the effects of these human disturbances on the incubation behaviour and reproductive success of nesting American Oystercatchers at Cape Lookout National Seashore, on the Atlantic coast of the USA. We expanded on-going monitoring of Oystercatchers at Cape Lookout National Seashore by supplementing periodic visual observations with continuous 24-h video and audio recording at nests. Aircraft overflights were not associated with changes in Oystercatcher incubation behaviour, and we found no evidence that aircraft overflights influenced Oystercatcher reproductive success. However, Oystercatchers were on their nests significantly less often during off-road vehicle and pedestrian events than they were during control periods before the events, and an increase in the number of off-road vehicles passing a nest during incubation was consistently associated with significant reductions in daily nest survival (6% decrease in daily nest survival for a one-vehicle increase in the average number of vehicles passing a nest each day; odds ratio = 0.94; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.90, 0.98) and hatching success (12% decrease in hatching success for a one-vehicle increase in the average number of vehicles passing a nest each day; odds ratio = 0.88; 95% CI 0.76, 0.97). Management of vehicles and pedestrians in areas of Oystercatcher breeding is important for the conservation of American Oystercatchers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ibi.12358","collaboration":"National Park Service;","usgsCitation":"Borneman, T.E., Rose, E., and Simons, T.R., 2016, Off-road vehicles affect nesting behaviour and reproductive success of American Oystercatchers Haematopus palliatus: International Journal of Avian Science , v. 158, no. 2, p. 261-278, https://doi.org/10.1111/ibi.12358.","productDescription":"18 p. ","startPage":"261","endPage":"278","ipdsId":"IP-059555","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336326,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"158","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b69a40e4b01ccd54ff3f98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Borneman, Tracy E.","contributorId":145698,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Borneman","given":"Tracy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rose, Eli T.","contributorId":145699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rose","given":"Eli T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Simons, Theodore R. 0000-0002-1884-6229 tsimons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1884-6229","contributorId":2623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simons","given":"Theodore","email":"tsimons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}