{"pageNumber":"1141","pageRowStart":"28500","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165355,"records":[{"id":70184232,"text":"70184232 - 2015 - Hydrologic implications of GRACE satellite data in the Colorado River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T18:44:55","indexId":"70184232","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic implications of GRACE satellite data in the Colorado River Basin","docAbstract":"<p><span>Use of GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) satellites for assessing global water resources is rapidly expanding. Here we advance application of GRACE satellites by reconstructing long-term total water storage (TWS) changes from ground-based monitoring and modeling data. We applied the approach to the Colorado River Basin which has experienced multiyear intense droughts at decadal intervals. Estimated TWS declined by 94 km</span><sup>3</sup><span> during 1986–1990 and by 102 km</span><sup>3</sup><span> during 1998–2004, similar to the TWS depletion recorded by GRACE (47 km</span><sup>3</sup><span>) during 2010–2013. Our analysis indicates that TWS depletion is dominated by reductions in surface reservoir and soil moisture storage in the upper Colorado basin with additional reductions in groundwater storage in the lower basin. Groundwater storage changes are controlled mostly by natural responses to wet and dry cycles and irrigation pumping outside of Colorado River delivery zones based on ground-based water level and gravity data. Water storage changes are controlled primarily by variable water inputs in response to wet and dry cycles rather than increasing water use. Surface reservoir storage buffers supply variability with current reservoir storage representing ∼2.5 years of available water use. This study can be used as a template showing how to extend short-term GRACE TWS records and using all available data on storage components of TWS to interpret GRACE data, especially within the context of droughts.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2015WR018090","usgsCitation":"Scanlon, B., Zhang, Z., Reedy, R.C., Pool, D.R., Save, H., Long, D., Chen, J., Wolock, D.M., Conway, B.D., and Winester, D., 2015, Hydrologic implications of GRACE satellite data in the Colorado River Basin: Water Resources Research, v. 51, no. 12, p. 9891-9903, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR018090.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"9891","endPage":"9903","ipdsId":"IP-070650","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471613,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015wr018090","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":336855,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Colorado River Basin","volume":"51","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58be833ce4b014cc3a3a99f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scanlon, Bridget R.","contributorId":74093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scanlon","given":"Bridget R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhang, Zizhan","contributorId":187508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Zizhan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reedy, Robert C.","contributorId":187509,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reedy","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pool, Donald R. drpool@usgs.gov","contributorId":1121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pool","given":"Donald","email":"drpool@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Save, Himanshu","contributorId":187510,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Save","given":"Himanshu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Long, Di","contributorId":187511,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Long","given":"Di","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Chen, Jianli","contributorId":187512,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Jianli","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wolock, David M. 0000-0002-6209-938X dwolock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"David","email":"dwolock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Conway, Brian D.","contributorId":187513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conway","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Winester, Daniel","contributorId":187514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Winester","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70184226,"text":"70184226 - 2015 - Ground motion models used in the 2014 U.S. National Seismic Hazard Maps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-06T11:18:18","indexId":"70184226","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground motion models used in the 2014 U.S. National Seismic Hazard Maps","docAbstract":"<p><span>The National Seismic Hazard Maps (NSHMs) are an important component of seismic design regulations in the United States. This paper compares hazard using the new suite of ground motion models (GMMs) relative to hazard using the suite of GMMs applied in the previous version of the maps. The new source characterization models are used for both cases. A previous paper (</span><a class=\"ref NLM_xref-bibr\">Rezaeian et al. 2014</a><span>) discussed the five NGA-West2 GMMs used for shallow crustal earthquakes in the Western United States (WUS), which are also summarized here. Our focus in this paper is on GMMs for earthquakes in stable continental regions in the Central and Eastern United States (CEUS), as well as subduction interface and deep intraslab earthquakes. We consider building code hazard levels for peak ground acceleration (PGA), 0.2-s, and 1.0-s spectral accelerations (SAs) on uniform firm-rock site conditions. The GMM modifications in the updated version of the maps created changes in hazard within 5% to 20% in WUS; decreases within 5% to 20% in CEUS; changes within 5% to 15% for subduction interface earthquakes; and changes involving decreases of up to 50% and increases of up to 30% for deep intraslab earthquakes for most U.S. sites. These modifications were combined with changes resulting from modifications in the source characterization models to obtain the new hazard maps.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Engineering Research Institute","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA","doi":"10.1193/111714EQS194M","usgsCitation":"Rezaeian, S., Petersen, M.D., and Moschetti, M.P., 2015, Ground motion models used in the 2014 U.S. National Seismic Hazard Maps: Earthquake Spectra, v. 31, no. S1, p. 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States\"}}]}","volume":"31","issue":"S1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58be833de4b014cc3a3a99fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rezaeian, Sanaz 0000-0001-7589-7893 srezaeian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7589-7893","contributorId":4395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rezaeian","given":"Sanaz","email":"srezaeian@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Petersen, Mark D. 0000-0001-8542-3990 mpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8542-3990","contributorId":1163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Mark","email":"mpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science 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,{"id":70184219,"text":"70184219 - 2015 - Updates to building-code maps for the 2015 NEHRP recommended seismic provisions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-06T11:25:59","indexId":"70184219","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Updates to building-code maps for the 2015 NEHRP recommended seismic provisions","docAbstract":"<p><span>With the 2014 update of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) as a basis, the Building Seismic Safety Council (BSSC) has updated the earthquake ground motion maps in the </span><i>National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) Recommended Seismic Provisions for New Buildings and Other Structures</i><span>, with partial funding from the Federal Emergency Management Agency. Anticipated adoption of the updated maps into the </span><i>American Society of Civil Engineers Minimum Design Loads for Building and Other Structures</i><span> and the </span><i>International Building and Residential Codes</i><span> is underway. Relative to the ground motions in the prior edition of each of these documents, most of the updated values are within a ±20% change. The larger changes are, in most cases, due to the USGS NSHM updates, reasons for which are given in companion publications. In some cases, the larger changes are partly due to a BSSC update of the slope of the fragility curve that is used to calculate the risk-targeted ground motions, and/or the introduction by BSSC of a quantitative definition of “active faults” used to calculate deterministic ground motions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"EERI","doi":"10.1193/042015EQS058M","usgsCitation":"Luco, N., Bachman, R., Crouse, C., Harris, J.R., Hooper, J.D., Kircher, C.A., Caldwell, P., and Rukstales, K.S., 2015, Updates to building-code maps for the 2015 NEHRP recommended seismic provisions: Earthquake Spectra, v. 31, no. S1, p. S245-S271, https://doi.org/10.1193/042015EQS058M.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"S245","endPage":"S271","ipdsId":"IP-070778","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438662,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NT3NRE","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Gridded earthquake ground motions for the 2015 NEHRP Recommended Seismic Provisions and 2016 ASCE/SEI 7 Standard"},{"id":336870,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"S1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58be833de4b014cc3a3a99fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luco, Nico 0000-0002-5763-9847 nluco@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5763-9847","contributorId":145730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luco","given":"Nico","email":"nluco@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bachman, Robert","contributorId":187485,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bachman","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crouse, C.B","contributorId":187486,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crouse","given":"C.B","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harris, James R.","contributorId":187541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harris","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hooper, John D.","contributorId":7601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kircher, Charles A.","contributorId":106596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kircher","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Caldwell, Phillp","contributorId":187488,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Phillp","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rukstales, Kenneth S. 0000-0003-2818-078X rukstales@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2818-078X","contributorId":775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rukstales","given":"Kenneth","email":"rukstales@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70184995,"text":"70184995 - 2015 - Influence of grazing and land use on stream-channel characteristics among small dairy farms in the Eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-13T12:52:54","indexId":"70184995","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5316,"text":"Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of grazing and land use on stream-channel characteristics among small dairy farms in the Eastern United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>Rotational grazing (RG) is a livestock management practice that rotates grazing cattle on a scale of hours to days among small pastures termed paddocks. It may beneficially affect stream channels, relative to other livestock management practices. Such effects and other beneficial effects on hydrology are important to RG's potential to provide a highly multifunctional mode of livestock farming. Previous comparisons of effects of RG and confinement dairy (CD) on adjoining streams have been restricted in scale and scope. We examined 11 stream-channel characteristics on a representative sample of 37 small dairy farms that used either RG or CD production methods. Our objectives were: (1) to compare channel characteristics on RG and CD farms, as these production methods are implemented in practice, in New York, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin, USA; and (2) to examine land use on these farms that may affect stream-channel characteristics. To help interpret channel characteristic findings, we examined on-farm land use in riparian areas 50 m in width along both sides of stream reaches and whole-farm land use. In all states, stream-channel characteristics on RG and CD farms did not differ. Whole-farm land use differed significantly between farm types; CD farms allocated more land to annual row crops, whereas RG farms allocated more land to pasture and grassland. However, land cover in 50 m riparian areas was not different between farm types within states; in particular, many RG and CD farms had continuously grazed pastures in riparian areas, typically occupied by juvenile and non-lactating cows, which may have contributed sediment and nutrients to streams. This similarity in riparian management practices may explain the observed similarity of farm types with respect to stream-channel characteristics. To realize the potential benefits of RG on streams, best management practices that affect stream-channel characteristics, such as protection of riparian areas, may improve aggregate effects of RG on stream quality and also enhance other environment, economic and social benefits of RG.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S1742170514000362","usgsCitation":"Brand, G., Vondracek, B.C., and Jordan, N.R., 2015, Influence of grazing and land use on stream-channel characteristics among small dairy farms in the Eastern United States: Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, v. 30, no. 6, p. 524-536, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742170514000362.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"524","endPage":"536","ipdsId":"IP-040573","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337427,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c7afa4e4b0849ce9795eb8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brand, Genevieve","contributorId":189126,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brand","given":"Genevieve","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vondracek, Bruce C. bcv@usgs.gov","contributorId":904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vondracek","given":"Bruce","email":"bcv@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jordan, Nicholas R.","contributorId":39629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70182765,"text":"70182765 - 2015 - Low resistivity and permeability in actively deforming shear zones on the San Andreas Fault at SAFOD","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-28T12:59:39","indexId":"70182765","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Low resistivity and permeability in actively deforming shear zones on the San Andreas Fault at SAFOD","docAbstract":"The San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) scientific drillhole near Parkfield, California crosses the San Andreas Fault at a depth of 2.7 km.  Downhole measurements and analysis of core retrieved from Phase 3 drilling reveal two narrow, actively deforming zones of smectite-clay gouge within a roughly 200 m-wide fault damage zone of sandstones, siltstones and mudstones.  Here we report electrical resistivity and permeability measurements on core samples from all of these structural units at effective confining pressures up to 120 MPa.  Electrical resistivity (~10 ohm-m) and permeability (10-21 to 10-22 m2) in the actively deforming zones were one to two orders of magnitude lower than the surrounding damage zone material, consistent with broader-scale observations from the downhole resistivity and seismic velocity logs.  The higher porosity of the clay gouge, 2 to 8 times greater than that in the damage zone rocks, along with surface conduction were the principal factors contributing to the observed low resistivities.  The high percentage of fine-grained clay in the deforming zones also greatly reduced permeability to values low enough to create a barrier to fluid flow across the fault.  Together, resistivity and permeability data can be used to assess the hydrogeologic characteristics of the fault, key to understanding fault structure and strength. The low resistivities and strength measurements of the SAFOD core are consistent with observations of low resistivity clays that are often found in the principal slip zones of other active faults making resistivity logs a valuable tool for identifying these zones.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015JB012214","usgsCitation":"Morrow, C.A., Lockner, D.A., and Hickman, S.H., 2015, Low resistivity and permeability in actively deforming shear zones on the San Andreas Fault at SAFOD: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 120, no. 12, p. 8240-8258, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JB012214.","productDescription":"18 p. ","startPage":"8240","endPage":"8258","ipdsId":"IP-063635","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471607,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jb012214","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":336346,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"120","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b69a42e4b01ccd54ff3faa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morrow, Carolyn A. 0000-0003-3500-6181 cmorrow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3500-6181","contributorId":3206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrow","given":"Carolyn","email":"cmorrow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lockner, David A. 0000-0001-8630-6833 dlockner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8630-6833","contributorId":567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockner","given":"David","email":"dlockner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hickman, Stephen H. 0000-0003-2075-9615 hickman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-9615","contributorId":2705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"Stephen","email":"hickman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70184230,"text":"70184230 - 2015 - 2014 Update of the Pacific Northwest portion of the U.S. National Seismic Hazard Maps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-15T11:27:04","indexId":"70184230","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"2014 Update of the Pacific Northwest portion of the U.S. National Seismic Hazard Maps","docAbstract":"<p><span>Several aspects of the earthquake characterization were changed for the Pacific Northwest portion of the 2014 update of the national seismic hazard maps, reflecting recent scientific findings. New logic trees were developed for the recurrence parameters of M8-9 earthquakes on the Cascadia subduction zone (CSZ) and for the eastern edge of their rupture zones. These logic trees reflect recent findings of additional M8 CSZ earthquakes using offshore deposits of turbidity flows and onshore tsunami deposits and subsidence. These M8 earthquakes each rupture a portion of the CSZ and occur in the time periods between M9 earthquakes that have an average recurrence interval of about 500 years. The maximum magnitude was increased for deep intraslab earthquakes. An areal source zone to account for the possibility of deep earthquakes under western Oregon was expanded. The western portion of the Tacoma fault was added to the hazard maps.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Engineering Research Institute","doi":"10.1193/111314EQS193M","usgsCitation":"Frankel, A.D., Chen, R., Petersen, M.D., Moschetti, M.P., and Sherrod, B.L., 2015, 2014 Update of the Pacific Northwest portion of the U.S. National Seismic Hazard Maps: Earthquake Spectra, v. 31, no. S1, p. S131-S148, https://doi.org/10.1193/111314EQS193M.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"S131","endPage":"S148","ipdsId":"IP-061661","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336859,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Pacific Northwest","volume":"31","issue":"S1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58be833ce4b014cc3a3a99f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frankel, Arthur D. 0000-0001-9119-6106 afrankel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9119-6106","contributorId":146285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankel","given":"Arthur","email":"afrankel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chen, Rui","contributorId":78250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Rui","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Petersen, Mark D. 0000-0001-8542-3990 mpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8542-3990","contributorId":1163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Mark","email":"mpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moschetti, Morgan P. 0000-0001-7261-0295 mmoschetti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7261-0295","contributorId":1662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moschetti","given":"Morgan","email":"mmoschetti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sherrod, Brian L. 0000-0002-4492-8631 bsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4492-8631","contributorId":2834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"Brian","email":"bsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70184229,"text":"70184229 - 2015 - The 2014 United States National Seismic Hazard Model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-06T10:59:13","indexId":"70184229","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 2014 United States National Seismic Hazard Model","docAbstract":"<p><span>New seismic hazard maps have been developed for the conterminous United States using the latest data, models, and methods available for assessing earthquake hazard. The hazard models incorporate new information on earthquake rupture behavior observed in recent earthquakes; fault studies that use both geologic and geodetic strain rate data; earthquake catalogs through 2012 that include new assessments of locations and magnitudes; earthquake adaptive smoothing models that more fully account for the spatial clustering of earthquakes; and 22 ground motion models, some of which consider more than double the shaking data applied previously. Alternative input models account for larger earthquakes, more complicated ruptures, and more varied ground shaking estimates than assumed in earlier models. The ground motions, for levels applied in building codes, differ from the previous version by less than ±10% over 60% of the country, but can differ by ±50% in localized areas. The models are incorporated in insurance rates, risk assessments, and as input into the U.S. building code provisions for earthquake ground shaking.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"EERI","doi":"10.1193/120814EQS210M","usgsCitation":"Petersen, M.D., Moschetti, M.P., Powers, P.M., Mueller, C., Haller, K., Frankel, A.D., Zeng, Y., Rezaeian, S., Harmsen, S., Boyd, O.S., Field, E., Chen, R., Rukstales, K.S., Luco, N., Wheeler, R., Williams, R., and Olsen, A.H., 2015, The 2014 United States National Seismic Hazard Model: Earthquake Spectra, v. 31, no. S!, p. S1-S30, https://doi.org/10.1193/120814EQS210M.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"S1","endPage":"S30","ipdsId":"IP-066439","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336857,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"S!","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58be833ce4b014cc3a3a99f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, Mark D. 0000-0001-8542-3990 mpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8542-3990","contributorId":1163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Mark","email":"mpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mueller, Charles 0000-0002-1868-9710 cmueller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1868-9710","contributorId":140380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"Charles","email":"cmueller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Haller, Kathleen 0000-0001-8847-7302 haller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8847-7302","contributorId":172556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haller","given":"Kathleen","email":"haller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science 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,{"id":70178476,"text":"70178476 - 2015 - SPARROW modeling of nitrogen sources and transport in rivers and streams of California and adjacent states, U.S.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-21T13:09:04","indexId":"70178476","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"SPARROW modeling of nitrogen sources and transport in rivers and streams of California and adjacent states, U.S.","docAbstract":"<p><span>The SPARROW (SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes) model was used to evaluate the spatial distribution of total nitrogen (TN) sources, loads, watershed yields, and factors affecting transport and decay in the stream network of California and portions of adjacent states for the year 2002. The two major TN sources to local catchments on a mass basis were fertilizers and manure (51.7%) and wastewater discharge (15.9%). Other sources contributed &lt;&nbsp;12%. Fertilizer use is widespread in the Central Valley region of California, and also important in several other regions because of the diversity of California agriculture. Precipitation, sand content of surficial soils, wetlands, and tile drains were important for TN movement to stream reaches. Median streamflow in the study area is about 0.04&nbsp;m</span><sup>3</sup><span>/s. Aquatic losses of nitrogen were found to be most important in intermittent and small to medium sized streams (0.2-14&nbsp;m</span><sup>3</sup><span>/s), while larger streams showed less loss, and therefore are important for TN transport. Nitrogen loss in reservoirs was found to be insignificant, possibly because most of the larger ones are located upstream of nitrogen sources. The model was used to show loadings, sources, and tributary inputs to several major rivers. The information provided by the SPARROW model is useful for determining both the major sources contributing nitrogen to streams and the specific tributaries that transport the load.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.12325","usgsCitation":"Saleh, D., and Domagalski, J.L., 2015, SPARROW modeling of nitrogen sources and transport in rivers and streams of California and adjacent states, U.S.: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 51, no. 6, p. 1487-1507, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12325.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1487","endPage":"1507","ipdsId":"IP-044910","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331159,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70176400,"text":"70176400 - 2015 - Quantifying the residence time and flushing characteristics of a shallow, back-barrier estuary: Application of hydrodynamic and particle tracking models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-13T09:39:55","indexId":"70176400","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying the residence time and flushing characteristics of a shallow, back-barrier estuary: Application of hydrodynamic and particle tracking models","docAbstract":"<p><span>Estuarine residence time is a major driver of eutrophication and water quality. Barnegat Bay-Little Egg Harbor (BB-LEH), New Jersey, is a lagoonal back-barrier estuary that is subject to anthropogenic pressures including nutrient loading, eutrophication, and subsequent declines in water quality. A combination of hydrodynamic and particle tracking modeling was used to identify the mechanisms controlling flushing, residence time, and spatial variability of particle retention. The models demonstrated a pronounced northward subtidal flow from Little Egg Inlet in the south to Pt. Pleasant Canal in the north due to frictional effects in the inlets, leading to better flushing of the southern half of the estuary and particle retention in the northern estuary. Mean residence time for BB-LEH was 13&nbsp;days but spatial variability was between ∼0 and 30&nbsp;days depending on the initial particle location. Mean residence time with tidal forcing alone was 24&nbsp;days (spatial variability between ∼0 and 50&nbsp;days); the tides were relatively inefficient in flushing the northern end of the Bay. Scenarios with successive exclusion of physical processes from the models revealed that meteorological and remote offshore forcing were stronger drivers of exchange than riverine inflow. Investigations of water quality and eutrophication should take into account spatial variability in hydrodynamics and residence time in order to better quantify the roles of nutrient loading, production, and flushing.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-014-9885-3","usgsCitation":"Defne, Z., and Ganju, N., 2015, Quantifying the residence time and flushing characteristics of a shallow, back-barrier estuary: Application of hydrodynamic and particle tracking models: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 38, no. 5, p. 1719-1734, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-014-9885-3.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1719","endPage":"1734","ipdsId":"IP-057196","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/7506","text":"External Repository"},{"id":328587,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d92340e4b090824ffa1b23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Defne, Zafer 0000-0003-4544-4310 zdefne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4544-4310","contributorId":5520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Defne","given":"Zafer","email":"zdefne@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ganju, Neil K. 0000-0002-1096-0465 nganju@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-0465","contributorId":149613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganju","given":"Neil K.","email":"nganju@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":648604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70176704,"text":"70176704 - 2015 - Seismic hazard in the Intermountain West","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-03T16:29:05","indexId":"70176704","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic hazard in the Intermountain West","docAbstract":"The 2014 national seismic-hazard model for the conterminous United States incorporates new scientific results and important model adjustments. The current model includes updates to the historical catalog, which is spatially smoothed using both fixed-length and adaptive-length smoothing kernels. Fault-source characterization improved by adding faults, revising rates of activity, and incorporating new results from combined inversions of geologic and geodetic data. The update also includes a new suite of published ground motion models. Changes in probabilistic ground motion are generally less than 10% in most of the Intermountain West compared to the prior assessment, and ground-motion hazard in four Intermountain West cities illustrates the range and magnitude of change in the region. Seismic hazard at reference sites in Boise and Reno increased as much as 10%, whereas hazard in Salt Lake City decreased 5–6%. The largest change was in Las Vegas, where hazard increased 32–35%.","language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Engineering Research Institute","doi":"10.1193/103114EQS173M","usgsCitation":"Haller, K., Moschetti, M.P., Mueller, C., Rezaeian, S., Petersen, M.D., and Zeng, Y., 2015, Seismic hazard in the Intermountain West: Earthquake Spectra, v. 31, no. S1, p. S149-S176, https://doi.org/10.1193/103114EQS173M.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"S149","endPage":"S176","ipdsId":"IP-069065","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329245,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"S1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7ee24e4b0bc0bec09e8ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haller, Kathleen 0000-0001-8847-7302 haller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8847-7302","contributorId":172556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haller","given":"Kathleen","email":"haller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moschetti, Morgan P. 0000-0001-7261-0295 mmoschetti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7261-0295","contributorId":1662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moschetti","given":"Morgan","email":"mmoschetti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mueller, Charles 0000-0002-1868-9710 cmueller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1868-9710","contributorId":140380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"Charles","email":"cmueller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rezaeian, Sanaz 0000-0001-7589-7893 srezaeian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7589-7893","contributorId":4395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rezaeian","given":"Sanaz","email":"srezaeian@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Petersen, Mark D. 0000-0001-8542-3990 mpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8542-3990","contributorId":1163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Mark","email":"mpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zeng, Yuehua 0000-0003-1161-1264 zeng@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1161-1264","contributorId":145693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeng","given":"Yuehua","email":"zeng@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70175500,"text":"70175500 - 2015 - Long Valley caldera and the UCERF depiction of Sierra Nevada range-front faults","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-15T16:00:14","indexId":"70175500","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long Valley caldera and the UCERF depiction of Sierra Nevada range-front faults","docAbstract":"<p><span>Long Valley caldera lies within a left-stepping offset in the north-northwest-striking Sierra Nevada range-front normal faults with the Hilton Creek fault to the south and Hartley Springs fault to the north. Both Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast (UCERF) 2 and its update, UCERF3, depict slip on these major range-front normal faults as extending well into the caldera, with significant normal slip on overlapping, subparallel segments separated by &sim;10&thinsp;&thinsp;km. This depiction is countered by (1)&nbsp;geologic evidence that normal faulting within the caldera consists of a series of graben structures associated with postcaldera magmatism (intrusion and tumescence) and not systematic down-to-the-east displacements consistent with distributed range-front faulting and (2)&nbsp;the lack of kinematic evidence for an evolving, postcaldera relay ramp structure between overlapping strands of the two range-front normal faults. The modifications to the UCERF depiction described here reduce the predicted shaking intensity within the caldera, and they are in accord with the tectonic influence that underlapped offset range-front faults have on seismicity patterns within the caldera associated with ongoing volcanic unrest.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120150149","usgsCitation":"Hill, D.P., and Montgomery-Brown, E.K., 2015, Long Valley caldera and the UCERF depiction of Sierra Nevada range-front faults: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 105, no. 6, p. 3189-3195, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120150149.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"3189","endPage":"3195","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066077","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326504,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"105","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b2e7bfe4b03bcb0102e90e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, David P. hill@usgs.gov","contributorId":2600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"David","email":"hill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":645508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Montgomery-Brown, Emily K. emontgomery-brown@usgs.gov","contributorId":5300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery-Brown","given":"Emily","email":"emontgomery-brown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70160354,"text":"70160354 - 2015 - Tidal marsh susceptibility to sea-level rise: importance of local-scale models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-19T15:43:12","indexId":"70160354","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tidal marsh susceptibility to sea-level rise: importance of local-scale models","docAbstract":"<p>Increasing concern over sea-level rise impacts to coastal tidal marsh ecosystems has led to modeling efforts to anticipate outcomes for resource management decision making. Few studies on the Pacific coast of North America have modeled sea-level rise marsh susceptibility at a scale relevant to local wildlife populations and plant communities. Here, we use a novel approach in developing an empirical sea-level rise ecological response model that can be applied to key management questions. Calculated elevation change over 13 y for a 324-ha portion of San Pablo Bay National Wildlife Refuge, California, USA, was used to represent local accretion and subsidence processes. Next, we coupled detailed plant community and elevation surveys with measured rates of inundation frequency to model marsh state changes to 2100. By grouping plant communities into low, mid, and high marsh habitats, we were able to assess wildlife species vulnerability and to better understand outcomes for habitat resiliency. Starting study-site conditions were comprised of 78% (253-ha) high marsh, 7% (30-ha) mid marsh, and 4% (18-ha) low marsh habitats, dominated by pickleweed <i>Sarcocornia pacifica</i> and cordgrass <i>Spartina</i> spp. Only under the low sea-level rise scenario (44 cm by 2100) did our models show persistence of some marsh habitats to 2100, with the area dominated by low marsh habitats. Under mid (93 cm by 2100) and high sea-level rise scenarios (166 cm by 2100), most mid and high marsh habitat was lost by 2070, with only 15% (65 ha) remaining, and a complete loss of these habitats by 2080. Low marsh habitat increased temporarily under all three sea-level rise scenarios, with the peak (286 ha) in 2070, adding habitat for the endemic endangered California Ridgway&rsquo;s rail <i>Rallus obsoletus obsoletus</i>. Under mid and high sea-level rise scenarios, an almost complete conversion to mudflat occurred, with most of the area below mean sea level. Our modeling assumed no marsh migration upslope due to human levee and infrastructure preventing these types of processes. Other modeling efforts done for this area have projected marsh persistence to 2100, but our modeling effort with site-specific datasets allowed us to model at a finer resolution with much higher local confidence, resulting in different results for management. Our results suggest that projected sea-level rise will have significant impacts on marsh plant communities and obligate wildlife, including those already under federal and state protection. Comprehensive modeling as done here improves the potential to implement adaptive management strategies and prevent marsh habitat and wildlife loss in the future.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington D.C.","doi":"10.3996/062014-JFWM-048","usgsCitation":"Thorne, K.M., Buffington, K., Elliott-Fisk, D., and Takekawa, J.Y., 2015, Tidal marsh susceptibility to sea-level rise: importance of local-scale models: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 3, no. 2, p. 290-304, https://doi.org/10.3996/062014-JFWM-048.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"290","endPage":"304","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063637","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488825,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/062014-jfwm-048","text":"Publisher Index 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kbuffington@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9741-1241","contributorId":4775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buffington","given":"Kevin","email":"kbuffington@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":582732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elliott-Fisk, Deborah L.","contributorId":46859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott-Fisk","given":"Deborah L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582733,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research 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,{"id":70155862,"text":"70155862 - 2015 - Book review: Natural resources in Afghanistan: Geographic and geologic perspectives on centuries of conflict","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-11T14:19:06","indexId":"70155862","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-30T23:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Book review: Natural resources in Afghanistan: Geographic and geologic perspectives on centuries of conflict","docAbstract":"<p><span>This book is the outcome of four decades of work in Afghanistan by the author, John (Jack) Shroder. His travels and research throughout Afghanistan and his understanding of its place in regional and world history provide the foundation for this comprehensive 572-page reference. The book describes the interrelated nature of Afghanistan&rsquo;s physical and political landscape over time and the role resources have, and have not, played in Afghanistan&rsquo;s past and could play in its future.</span></p>\n<p>Review info: Natural resources in Afghanistan: Geographic and geologic perspectives on centuries of conflict&nbsp;by John F. Shroder, 2014. ISBN 978-01280013356, 572 pp.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geology","doi":"10.2113/econgeo.110.7.1907","usgsCitation":"Doebrich, J.L., 2015, Book review: Natural resources in Afghanistan: Geographic and geologic perspectives on centuries of conflict: Economic Geology, v. 110, no. 7, p. 1907-1908, https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.110.7.1907.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1907","endPage":"1908","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067097","costCenters":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325036,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"110","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5784c338e4b0e02680be5913","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Doebrich, Jeff L. 0009-0009-3427-0985 jdoebric@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3427-0985","contributorId":288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doebrich","given":"Jeff","email":"jdoebric@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70159816,"text":"70159816 - 2015 - Evaluating potential conservation conflicts between two listed species: Sea otters and black abalone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-30T11:51:28","indexId":"70159816","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-30T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3835,"text":"Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating potential conservation conflicts between two listed species: Sea otters and black abalone","docAbstract":"<p><span>Population consequences of endangered species interacting as predators and prey have been considered theoretically and legally, but rarely investigated in the field. We examined relationships between spatially variable populations of a predator, the California sea otter,&nbsp;</span><i>Enhydra lutris nereis</i><span>, and a prey species, the black abalone,&nbsp;</span><i>Haliotis cracherodii</i><span>. Both species are federally listed under the Endangered Species Act and co-occur along the coast of California. We compared the local abundance and habitat distribution of black abalone at 12 sites with varying densities of sea otters. All of the populations of abalone we examined were in the geographic area currently unaffected by withering disease, which has decimated populations south of the study area. Surprisingly, our findings indicate that sea otter density is positively associated with increased black abalone density. The presence of sea otters also correlated with a shift in black abalone to habitat conferring greater refuge, which could decrease illegal human harvest. These results highlight the need for a multi-species approach to conservation management of the two species, and demonstrate the importance of using field-collected data rather than simple trophic assumptions to understand relationships between jointly vulnerable predator and prey populations.</span><span><br /></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Brooklyn Botanic Garden","publisherLocation":"Brooklyn, NY","doi":"10.1890/15-0158.1","usgsCitation":"Raimondi, P.T., Jurgens, L.J., and Tinker, M.T., 2015, Evaluating potential conservation conflicts between two listed species: Sea otters and black abalone: Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, v. 96, no. 11, p. 3102-3108, https://doi.org/10.1890/15-0158.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"3102","endPage":"3108","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065598","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research 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J.","contributorId":150059,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jurgens","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tinker, M. Tim 0000-0002-3314-839X ttinker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-839X","contributorId":2796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tinker","given":"M.","email":"ttinker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Tim","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70159578,"text":"70159578 - 2015 - Powell Center Newsletter, Volume 2, Issue 1","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-03T14:57:26.256177","indexId":"70159578","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-30T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Powell Center Newsletter, Volume 2, Issue 1","docAbstract":"<p>Bi-annual newsletter for the John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis, covering news through July of 2015</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Baron, J., and Goldhaber, M., 2015, Powell Center Newsletter, Volume 2, Issue 1, 2 p.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067592","costCenters":[{"id":208,"text":"Core Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311740,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":311739,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://powellcenter.usgs.gov/newsletter"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565d732ce4b071e7ea54344d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baron, Jill S. 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill S.","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goldhaber, Marty","contributorId":49657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldhaber","given":"Marty","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70159483,"text":"70159483 - 2015 - Book review: Bats: A world of science and mystery.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-11T12:11:15","indexId":"70159483","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-30T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Book review: Bats: A world of science and mystery.","docAbstract":"<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">This book has something for everyone, from casual seekers of fascinating eye candy to professional scientists interested in the latest discoveries. Without losing sight of how mysterious bats remain despite decades of research, the authors deftly introduce readers to bats and the people who study them. The book is nice to look at, easy to understand, and interesting in many ways. These stories stick in the reader's memory long after being read&mdash;a sign of great scientific communication.</span></p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">Review info:&nbsp;</span><i>Bats: A world of science and mystery. </i>By&nbsp;M. Brock Fenton, Nancy B. Simmons (Eds.), 2015. ISBN 978-0226065120,&nbsp;240 pp.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science Ltd.","publisherLocation":"Kidlington, Oxford","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2015.10.005","usgsCitation":"Cryan, P.M., 2015, Book review: Bats: A world of science and mystery.: Biological Conservation, v. 192, p. 323-323, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.10.005.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"323","endPage":"323","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069570","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311738,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"192","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565d7328e4b071e7ea543449","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cryan, Paul M. 0000-0002-2915-8894 cryanp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2915-8894","contributorId":147942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cryan","given":"Paul","email":"cryanp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70220207,"text":"70220207 - 2015 - A comparison of thermal infrared to fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing for evaluation of groundwater discharge to surface water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-27T14:29:52.674829","indexId":"70220207","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-30T08:31:30","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of thermal infrared to fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing for evaluation of groundwater discharge to surface water","docAbstract":"Groundwater has a predictable thermal signature that can be used to locate discrete zones of discharge to surface water. As climate warms, surface water with strong groundwater influence will provide habitat stability and refuge for thermally stressed aquatic species, and is therefore critical to locate and protect. Alternatively, these discrete seepage locations may serve as potential point sources of contaminants from polluted aquifers. This study compares two increasingly common heat tracing methods to locate discrete groundwater discharge: direct-contact measurements made with fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS) and remote sensing measurements collected with thermal infrared (TIR) cameras. FO-DTS is used to make high spatial resolution (typically m) thermal measurements through time within the water column using temperature-sensitive cables. The spatialtemporal data can be analyzed with statistical measures to reveal zones of groundwater influence, however, the personnel requirements, time to install, and time to georeference the cables can be burdensome, and the control units need constant calibration. In contrast, TIR data collection, either from handheld, airborne, or satellite platforms, can quickly capture point-in-time evaluations of groundwater seepage zones across large scales. However the remote nature of TIR measurements means they can be adversely influenced by a number of environmental and physical factors, and the measurements are limited to the surface skin temperature of water features. We present case studies from a range of lentic to lotic aquatic systems to identify capabilities and limitations of both technologies and highlight situations in which one or the other might be a better instrument choice for locating groundwater discharge. FO-DTS performs well in all systems across seasons, but data collection was limited spatially by practical considerations of cable installation. TIR is found to consistently locate groundwater seepage zones above and along the streambank, but submerged seepage zones are only well identified in shallow systems (e.g. <0.5 m depth) with moderate flow. Winter data collection, when groundwater is relatively warm and buoyant, increases the water surface expression of discharge zones in shallow systems.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.09.059","usgsCitation":"Hare, D.K., Briggs, M., Rosenberry, D., Boutt, D., and Lane, J., 2015, A comparison of thermal infrared to fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing for evaluation of groundwater discharge to surface water: Journal of Hydrology, v. 530, p. 153-166, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.09.059.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"153","endPage":"166","ipdsId":"IP-068976","costCenters":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471620,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.09.059","text":"Publisher Index 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K","contributorId":257636,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hare","given":"Danielle","email":"","middleInitial":"K","affiliations":[{"id":34616,"text":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Briggs, Martin A. 0000-0003-3206-4132","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-4132","contributorId":257637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Martin A.","affiliations":[{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":814762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":257638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald O.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":814763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boutt, Dave","contributorId":257639,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boutt","given":"Dave","affiliations":[{"id":52076,"text":"University  of Massachusetts Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":814764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lane, John W. Jr. 0000-0002-3558-243X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-243X","contributorId":210076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"John W.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":814766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70164514,"text":"70164514 - 2015 - What is the Anthropocene?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-09T12:09:27","indexId":"70164514","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3879,"text":"Eos, Earth and Space Science News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"What is the Anthropocene?","docAbstract":"<p>Since Paul Crutzen and Eugene Stoermer introduced the word &ldquo;Anthropocene&rdquo; in 2000, scientists and nonscientists alike have used the word to highlight the concept that we are now living in a time when the global environment, at some level, is shaped by humankind rather than vice versa. Humans have significantly altered Earth&rsquo;s land surface, oceans, rivers, atmosphere, flora, and fauna.&nbsp; By its emphasis on the here and now and on what humans have done and can do in the future, the word &ldquo;Anthropocene&rdquo; has served as a call to action for environmental sustainability and responsibility [<i>Crutzen and Stoermer</i>, 2000;&nbsp;<i>Waters et al.</i>, 2014;&nbsp;<i>Ruddiman et al.</i>, 2015].</p>\n<p>So far, however, the term &ldquo;Anthropocene&rdquo; has not been integrated into the official Geologic Time Scale, which geologists use to divide the past into named blocks based on the rock record. In 2016 or thereabouts, the International Commission on Stratigraphy&mdash;the scientific body that maintains the official Geologic Time Scale&mdash;will consider a proposal to formalize a definition of this term. It&rsquo;s a decision that has both semantic and scientific implications and may have legal implications as well.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2015EO040297","usgsCitation":"Edwards, L.E., 2015, What is the Anthropocene?: Eos, Earth and Space Science News, v. 97, no. 2, p. 6-7, https://doi.org/10.1029/2015EO040297.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"6","endPage":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065862","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471623,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2015eo040297","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":316736,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bb1bd4e4b08d617f654e8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70164522,"text":"70164522 - 2015 - Observed decrease in atmospheric mercury explained by global decline in anthropogenic emissions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:27:41","indexId":"70164522","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3164,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observed decrease in atmospheric mercury explained by global decline in anthropogenic emissions","docAbstract":"<p>Observations of elemental mercury (Hg<sup>0</sup>) at sites in North America and Europe show large decreases (&sim;1&ndash;2% y<sup>&minus;1</sup>) from 1990 to present. Observations in background northern hemisphere air, including Mauna Loa Observatory (Hawaii) and CARIBIC (Civil Aircraft for the Regular Investigation of the atmosphere Based on an Instrument Container) aircraft flights, show weaker decreases (&lt;1% y<sup>&minus;1</sup>). These decreases are inconsistent with current global emission inventories indicating flat or increasing emissions over that period. However, the inventories have three major flaws: (<i>i</i>) they do not account for the decline in atmospheric release of Hg from commercial products; (<i>ii</i>) they are biased in their estimate of artisanal and small-scale gold mining emissions; and (<i>iii</i>) they do not properly account for the change in Hg<sup>0</sup>/Hg<sup>II</sup>&nbsp;speciation of emissions from coal-fired utilities after implementation of emission controls targeted at SO<sub>2</sub>&nbsp;and NO<sub>x</sub>. We construct an improved global emission inventory for the period 1990 to 2010 accounting for the above factors and find a 20% decrease in total Hg emissions and a 30% decrease in anthropogenic Hg<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;emissions, with much larger decreases in North America and Europe offsetting the effect of increasing emissions in Asia. Implementation of our inventory in a global 3D atmospheric Hg simulation [GEOS-Chem (Goddard Earth Observing System-Chemistry)] coupled to land and ocean reservoirs reproduces the observed large-scale trends in atmospheric Hg<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;concentrations and in Hg<sup>II</sup>&nbsp;wet deposition. The large trends observed in North America and Europe reflect the phase-out of Hg from commercial products as well as the cobenefit from SO<sub>2</sub>&nbsp;and NO<sub>x</sub>&nbsp;emission controls on coal-fired utilities.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Academy","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1516312113","usgsCitation":"Zhang, Y., Jacob, D.J., Horowitz, H.M., Chen, L., Amos, H.M., Krabbenhoft, D.P., Slemr, F., St. Louis, V.L., and Elsie M. Sunderland, 2015, Observed decrease in atmospheric mercury explained by global decline in anthropogenic emissions: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 133, no. 3, p. 526-531, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1516312113.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"526","endPage":"531","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070993","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471622,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1516312113","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":316735,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"133","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bb1bc8e4b08d617f654e36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Yanxu","contributorId":156387,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Yanxu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16811,"text":"Harvard University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacob, Daniel J.","contributorId":156388,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jacob","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16811,"text":"Harvard University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Horowitz, Hannah M.","contributorId":156389,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horowitz","given":"Hannah","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16811,"text":"Harvard University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chen, Long","contributorId":156390,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Long","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16811,"text":"Harvard University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Amos, Helen M.","contributorId":156391,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amos","given":"Helen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16811,"text":"Harvard University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Slemr, Franz","contributorId":156392,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Slemr","given":"Franz","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12534,"text":"Max-Planck-Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"St. Louis, Vincent L.","contributorId":156393,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"St. Louis","given":"Vincent","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":12980,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Elsie M. Sunderland","contributorId":156394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elsie M. Sunderland","affiliations":[{"id":16811,"text":"Harvard University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70187177,"text":"70187177 - 2015 - Exploring drought controls on spring phenology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-13T09:16:10","indexId":"70187177","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-26T14:39:43","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Exploring drought controls on spring phenology","docAbstract":"<p>The timing of spring phenology can be influenced by several drivers. Many studies have shown the effect of temperature on spring vegetation growth, but the role of moisture is complex and not as well researched. We explored drivers for aspen spring phenology in the mountains of the western U.S. While temperature exerted control over the timing of aspen green-up in the spring, snow moisture as measured by April 1 snow water equivalent (SWE), played a significant role especially in southern locations bordering the Colorado Plateau. Maximum spring temperatures (March-May) were significantly (p&lt;0.01) correlated with the start of the growing season across the entire Wasatch and Uinta Mountains and most of the western and northern Southern Rocky Mountains. Spring SWE was significantly (p&lt;0.01) correlated with the growing season start across all of the Wasatch and Uinta Mountains and more than half of the Southern Rockies. The locations that experienced a larger snow influence, given by linear regression and R2 values, were located adjacent to the drier Colorado Plateau and south of 40oN latitude. Historical spatial patterns of regional snow accumulations and anomalies in the western U.S. have been chiefly explained by decadal antiphasing patterns across a north-south dipole. Anomalously low SWE co-occurs with a Pacific/North American teleconnection winter circulation associated with strong high pressure over the Pacific Northwest. The pattern shown in aspen phenology in this study, where the timing of spring green-up in the southern half of the intermountain West (south of a zone from 40oN - 42oN and mainly west of the continental divide in Colorado) showed higher sensitivity to winter snow moisture, and this spatial pattern was supported by other studies. Although winter moisture was not as consistent a factor as temperature in driving the start of the season, this study shows evidence that possible future winter drought could shift the growing season earlier than temperature increases alone.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Evaluation of drought and drought impacts through interdisciplinary methods","language":"English","publisher":" Global Change Research Centre","isbn":"9788087902127","usgsCitation":"Brown, J.F., and Meier, G., 2015, Exploring drought controls on spring phenology, chap. <i>of</i> Evaluation of drought and drought impacts through interdisciplinary methods, p. 92-96.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"92","endPage":"96","ipdsId":"IP-066844","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":359677,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5bfd1472e4b0815414ca390a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hayes, M.","contributorId":68138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752020,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Trnka, M.","contributorId":210803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trnka","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752022,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Jesslyn F. 0000-0002-9976-1998 jfbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9976-1998","contributorId":176609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Jesslyn","email":"jfbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meier, Gretchen","contributorId":191405,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meier","given":"Gretchen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70168434,"text":"70168434 - 2015 - Observations of net soil exchange of CO<sub>2</sub> in a dryland show experimental warming increases carbon losses in biocrust soils","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-12T13:23:36","indexId":"70168434","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-26T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observations of net soil exchange of CO<sub>2</sub> in a dryland show experimental warming increases carbon losses in biocrust soils","docAbstract":"<p>Many arid and semiarid ecosystems have soils covered with well-developed biological soil crust communities (biocrusts) made up of mosses, lichens, cyanobacteria, and heterotrophs living at the soil surface. These communities are a fundamental component of dryland ecosystems, and are critical to dryland carbon (C) cycling. To examine the effects of warming temperatures on soil C balance in a dryland ecosystem, we used infrared heaters to warm biocrust-dominated soils to 2 &deg;C above control conditions at a field site on the Colorado Plateau, USA. We monitored net soil exchange (NSE) of CO<sub>2</sub> every hour for 21 months using automated flux chambers (5 control and 5 warmed chambers), which included the CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes of the biocrusts and the soil beneath them. We observed measurable photosynthesis in biocrust soils on 12 % of measurement days, which correlated well with precipitation events and soil wet-up. These days included several snow events, providing what we believe to be the first evidence of substantial photosynthesis underneath snow by biocrust organisms in drylands. Overall, biocrust soils in both control and warmed plots were net CO<sub>2</sub> sources to the atmosphere, with control plots losing 62 &plusmn; 8 g C m<sup>&minus;2</sup> (mean &plusmn; SE) over the first year of measurement and warmed plots losing 74 &plusmn; 9 g C m<sup>&minus;2</sup>. Between control and warmed plots, the difference in soil C loss was uncertain over the course of the entire year due to large and variable rates in spring, but on days during which soils were wet and crusts were actively photosynthesizing, biocrusts that were warmed by 2 &deg;C had a substantially more negative C balance (i.e., biocrust soils took up less C and/or lost more C in warmed plots). Taken together, our data suggest a substantial risk of increased C loss from biocrust soils with higher future temperatures, and highlight a robust capacity to predict CO<sub>2</sub> exchange in biocrust soils using easily measured environmental parameters.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Biogeochemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer Science","publisherLocation":"New York","doi":"10.1007/s10533-015-0163-7","usgsCitation":"Darrouzet-Nardi, A., Reed, S.C., Grote, E.E., and Belnap, J., 2015, Observations of net soil exchange of CO<sub>2</sub> in a dryland show experimental warming increases carbon losses in biocrust soils: Biogeochemistry, p. 363-378, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-015-0163-7.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"378","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059610","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest 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,{"id":70160826,"text":"70160826 - 2015 - Aerial-broadcast application of diphacinone bait for rodent control in Hawai`i: Efficacy and non-target species risk assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T12:41:35","indexId":"70160826","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-26T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":414,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"seriesNumber":"HCSU-071","title":"Aerial-broadcast application of diphacinone bait for rodent control in Hawai`i: Efficacy and non-target species risk assessment","docAbstract":"<p>Introduced rats (<i>Rattus rattus, R. exulans</i>, and <i>R. norvegicus</i>) have been implicated in the decline or extinction of numerous species of plants and animals in Hawai&lsquo;i. This study investigated the efficacy of aerial-broadcast application of Ramik&reg; Green baits containing 50 ppm (0.005%) diphacinone in reducing rat and mouse populations and the risk to non-target species. The study was undertaken in paired 45.56-ha treatment and non-treatment plots in Hawai&lsquo;i Volcanoes National Park. All 21 radio-collared rats in the treatment plot died within nine days of bait application, whereas none of the 18 radio-collared rats in the non-treatment plot died. There was a 99% drop in both the rat capture rate and percentage of non-toxic census bait blocks gnawed by rats in the treatment plot relative to the non-treatment plot three weeks after bait application. The only rat captured in the treatment plot three weeks after bait application was not ear-tagged (i.e., it was not a recapture), whereas 44% of the 52 rats captured in the non-treatment plot were ear-tagged. Most of the bait had disappeared from the forest floor within about one month of application. No birds likely to have eaten bait were found dead, although residues of diphacinone were found in the livers of three species of introduced seed-eating/omnivorous birds captured alive after bait application. No predatory birds were found dead one month or three months after bait application. The remains of a Hawaiian hawk (Buteo solitarius) were found six months after bait application, but it was not possible to determine the cause of death. This study demonstrated the efficacy of aerially broadcast diphacinone bait for control of rats and mice in Hawaiian montane forests, and was part of the dataset submitted to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for the national registration of a diphacinone bait for the control of rat populations in conservation areas.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","publisherLocation":"Hilo, HI","usgsCitation":"Foote, D., Spurr, E.B., Lindsey, G.D., and Forbes Perry, C., 2015, Aerial-broadcast application of diphacinone bait for rodent control in Hawai`i: Efficacy and non-target species risk assessment: Technical Report HCSU-071, Report: iii, 24 p.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 24 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"24","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070629","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326260,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a9ad2de4b05e859bdfb7c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foote, David dfoote@usgs.gov","contributorId":375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foote","given":"David","email":"dfoote@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":584018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spurr, Eric B.","contributorId":151021,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spurr","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12679,"text":"Landcare Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":584019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lindsey, Gerald D.","contributorId":102534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindsey","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":584020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Forbes Perry, Charlotte","contributorId":151022,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Forbes Perry","given":"Charlotte","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13351,"text":"University of Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":584021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70175780,"text":"70175780 - 2015 - Habitat influences distribution of chronic wasting disease in white-tailed deer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-19T10:01:15","indexId":"70175780","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-26T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat influences distribution of chronic wasting disease in white-tailed deer","docAbstract":"<p><span>Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy that was first detected in 1967 in a captive research facility in Colorado. In the northeastern United States, CWD was first confirmed in white-tailed deer (</span><i>Odocoileus virginianus</i><span>) in 2005. Because CWD is a new and emerging disease with a spatial distribution that had yet to be assessed in the Northeast, we examined demographic, environmental, and spatial effects to determine how each related to this spatial distribution. The objectives of our study were to identify environmental and spatial effects that best described the spatial distribution of CWD in free-ranging white-tailed deer and identify areas that support deer that are at risk for CWD infection in the Northeast. We used Bayesian hierarchical modeling that incorporated demographic covariates, such as sex and age, along with environmental covariates, which included elevation, slope, riparian corridor, percent clay, and 3 landscapes (i.e., developed, forested, open). The model with the most support contained landscape covariates and spatial effects that represented clustering of CWD in adjacent grid cells. Forested landscapes had the strongest relationship with the distribution of CWD, with increased risk of CWD occurring in areas that had lesser amounts of forest. Our results will assist resource managers in understanding the spatial distribution of CWD within the study area, and in surrounding areas where CWD has yet to be found. Efficiency of disease surveillance and containment efforts can be improved by allocating resources used for surveillance in areas with deer populations that are at greatest risk for infection.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.1004","usgsCitation":"Evans, T.S., Kirchgessner, M.S., Eyler, B., Ryan, C.W., and Walter, W.D., 2015, Habitat influences distribution of chronic wasting disease in white-tailed deer: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 80, no. 2, p. 284-291, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.1004.","startPage":"284","endPage":"291","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058818","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326911,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b82dc7e4b03fd6b7da377f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, Tyler S.","contributorId":172196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"Tyler","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirchgessner, Megan S.","contributorId":173866,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirchgessner","given":"Megan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eyler, B.","contributorId":48674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eyler","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ryan, Christopher W.","contributorId":173867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Walter, W. David 0000-0003-3068-1073 wwalter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3068-1073","contributorId":5083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"W.","email":"wwalter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":646340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70168478,"text":"70168478 - 2015 - A broader definition of occupancy: A reply to Hayes and Monofils","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-16T14:09:30","indexId":"70168478","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A broader definition of occupancy: A reply to Hayes and Monofils","docAbstract":"<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 1\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p><span>Occupancy models are widely used to analyze presence&ndash;absence data for a variety of taxa while accounting for observation error (MacKenzie et al. 2002, 2006; Tyre et al. 2003; Royle and Dorazio 2008). Hayes and Monfils (2015) question their use for analyzing avian point count data based on purported violations of model assumptions incurred by avian mobility. Animal mobility is an important consideration, not just for occupancy models, but for a variety of population and habitat models (Boyce 2006, Royle et al. 2009, Manning and Goldberg 2010, Dormann et al. 2013, Renner et al. 2015). Nevertheless, we believe the ultimate conclusions of Hayes and Monfils are shortsighted mainly due to a narrow interpretation of occupancy. Rather than turn away from the use of occupancy models, we believe they remain an appropriate method for analyzing many data sets collected from avian point count surveys. Further, we suggest that there is value in having a broader and more nuanced interpretation of occupancy that incorporates the potential for animal movement.&nbsp;</span></p>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.1022","usgsCitation":"Fatif, Q., Ellis, M.M., and Amundson, C.L., 2015, A broader definition of occupancy: A reply to Hayes and Monofils: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 80, no. 2, p. 192-194, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.1022.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"192","endPage":"194","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068803","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318080,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c4563ae4b0946c652184d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fatif, Quresh","contributorId":166949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fatif","given":"Quresh","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6679,"text":"US Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ellis, Martha M.","contributorId":55677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"Martha","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Amundson, Courtney L. 0000-0002-0166-7224 camundson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0166-7224","contributorId":4833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amundson","given":"Courtney","email":"camundson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70188814,"text":"70188814 - 2015 - Rare earth elements in sedimentary phosphate deposits: Solution to the global REE crisis?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-27T18:18:05.424509","indexId":"70188814","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1848,"text":"Gondwana Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rare earth elements in sedimentary phosphate deposits: Solution to the global REE crisis?","docAbstract":"<p><span>The critical role of rare earth elements (REEs), particularly heavy REEs (HREEs), in high-tech industries has created a surge in demand that is quickly outstripping known global supply and has triggered a worldwide scramble to discover new sources. The chemical analysis of 23 sedimentary phosphate deposits (phosphorites) in the United States demonstrates that they are significantly enriched in REEs. Leaching experiments using dilute H</span><sub>2</sub><span>SO</span><sub>4</sub><span> and HCl, extracted nearly 100% of their total REE content and show that the extraction of REEs from phosphorites is not subject to the many technological and environmental challenges that vex the exploitation of many identified REE deposits. Our data suggest that phosphate rock currently mined in the United States has the potential to produce a significant proportion of the world's REE demand as a byproduct. Importantly, the size and concentration of HREEs in some unmined phosphorites dwarf the world's richest REE deposits. Secular variation in phosphate REE contents identifies geologic time periods favorable for the formation of currently unrecognized high-REE phosphates. The extraordinary endowment, combined with the ease of REE extraction, indicates that such phosphorites might be considered as a primary source of REEs with the potential to resolve the global REE (particularly for HREE) supply shortage.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2014.10.008","usgsCitation":"Emsbo, P., McLaughlin, P.I., Breit, G.N., du Bray, E.A., and Koenig, A.E., 2015, Rare earth elements in sedimentary phosphate deposits: Solution to the global REE crisis?: Gondwana Research, v. 27, no. 2, p. 776-785, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2014.10.008.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"776","endPage":"785","ipdsId":"IP-053368","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471624,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2014.10.008","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342853,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59521d20e4b062508e3c3676","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Emsbo, Poul 0000-0001-9421-201X pemsbo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-201X","contributorId":997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emsbo","given":"Poul","email":"pemsbo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McLaughlin, Patrick I.","contributorId":105165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Breit, George N. 0000-0003-2188-6798 gbreit@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2188-6798","contributorId":1480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breit","given":"George","email":"gbreit@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"du Bray, Edward A. 0000-0002-4383-8394 edubray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4383-8394","contributorId":755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"du Bray","given":"Edward","email":"edubray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Koenig, Alan E. 0000-0002-5230-0924 akoenig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5230-0924","contributorId":1564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koenig","given":"Alan","email":"akoenig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
]}