The ability to infect a host is a key trait of a virus, and differences in infectivity could put one virus at an evolutionary advantage over another. In this study we have quantified the infectivity of two strains of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) that are known to differ in fitness and virulence. By exposing juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) hosts to a wide range of virus doses, we were able to calculate the infectious dose in terms of ID50 values for the two genotypes. Lethal dose experiments were also conducted to confirm the virulence difference between the two virus genotypes, using a range of virus doses and holding fish either in isolation or in batch so as to calculate LD50values. We found that infectivity is positively correlated with virulence, with the more virulent genotype having higher infectivity. Additionally, infectivity increases more steeply over a short range of doses compared to virulence, which has a shallower increase. We also examined the data using models of virion interaction and found no evidence to suggest that virions have either an antagonistic or a synergistic effect on each other, supporting the independent action hypothesis in the process of IHNV infection of rainbow trout.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.virusres.2015.12.020","usgsCitation":"McKenney, D., Kurath, G., and Wargo, A., 2016, Characterization of infectious dose and lethal dose of two strains of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV): Virus Research, v. 214, p. 80-89, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2015.12.020.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"80","endPage":"89","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068876","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471260,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://scholarworks.wm.edu/vimsarticles/810","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":316512,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"214","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b324a9e4b0cc79997f04d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKenney, Douglas dmckenney@usgs.gov","contributorId":156278,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKenney","given":"Douglas","email":"dmckenney@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":597135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":2629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wargo, Andrew","contributorId":73480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wargo","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70164377,"text":"70164377 - 2016 - Timing of translocation influences birth rate and population dynamics in a forest carnivore","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T17:33:16","indexId":"70164377","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-03T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Timing of translocation influences birth rate and population dynamics in a forest carnivore","docAbstract":"Timing can be critical for many life history events of organisms. Consequently, the timing of management activities may affect individuals and populations in numerous and unforeseen ways. Translocations of organisms are used to restore or expand populations but the timing of translocations is largely unexplored as a factor influencing population success. We hypothesized that the process of translocation negatively influences reproductive rates of individuals that are moved just before their birthing season and, therefore, the timing of releases could influence translocation success. Prior to reintroducing fishers (Pekania pennanti) into northern California and onto the Olympic Peninsula of Washington, we predicted that female fishers released in November and December (early) would have a higher probability of giving birth to kits the following March or April than females released in January, February, and March (late), just prior to or during the period of blastocyst implantation and gestation. Over four winters (2008–2011), we translocated 56 adult female fishers that could have given birth in the spring immediately after release. Denning rates, an index of birth rate, for females released early were 92% in California and 38% in Washington. In contrast, denning rates for females released late were 40% and 11%, in California and Washington, a net reduction in denning rate of 66% across both sites. To understand how releasing females nearer to parturition could influence population establishment and persistence, we used stochastic population simulations using three-stage Lefkovitch matrices. These simulations showed that translocating female fishers early had long-term positive influences on the mean population size and on quasi-extinction thresholds compared to populations where females were released late. The results from both empirical data and simulations show that the timing of translocation, with respect to life history events, should be considered during planning of translocations and implemented before the capture, movement, and release of organisms for translocation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1223","usgsCitation":"Facka, A., Lewis, J.C., Happe, P., Jenkins, K.J., Callas, R., and Powell, R.A., 2016, Timing of translocation influences birth rate and population dynamics in a forest carnivore: Ecosphere, v. 7, no. 1, e01223; 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1223.","productDescription":"e01223; 18 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068426","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471259,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1223","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":316513,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b324ade4b0cc79997f04ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Facka, Aaron N","contributorId":156275,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Facka","given":"Aaron N","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lewis, Jeffrey C.","contributorId":141090,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewis","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13674,"text":"WDFW","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Happe, Patricia","contributorId":83248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Happe","given":"Patricia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jenkins, Kurt J. 0000-0003-1415-6607 kurt_jenkins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1415-6607","contributorId":3415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Kurt","email":"kurt_jenkins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Callas, Richard","contributorId":156276,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Callas","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6952,"text":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Powell, Roger A.","contributorId":9163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70161652,"text":"fs20163002 - 2016 - New insights into the Edwards Aquifer—Brackish-water simulation, drought, and the role of uncertainty analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-03T11:08:03","indexId":"fs20163002","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-03T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-3002","title":"New insights into the Edwards Aquifer—Brackish-water simulation, drought, and the role of uncertainty analysis","docAbstract":"The Edwards aquifer is an important water resource in south-central Texas, providing water for residents, businesses, and ecosystems. The aquifer is a highly complex karst system characterized by areas of rapid groundwater flow, faulted and fractured Cretaceous-age rocks, and multiple water-quality zones. Karst aquifer systems include soluble rocks such as limestone and dolomite that can convey tremendous amounts of water through dissolution-enhanced faults and fractures. Recent sustained droughts (2011–15) have heightened concerns about the possible effects of drought on this vital water resource.
\nThe Edwards aquifer consists of three water-quality zones. The freshwater zone of the Edwards aquifer is bounded to the south by a zone of brackish water (transition zone) where the aquifer transitions from fresh to saline water. The saline zone is downdip from the transition zone. There is concern that a recurrence of extreme drought, such as the 7-year drought from 1950 through 1956, could cause the transition zone to move toward (encroach upon) the freshwater zone, causing production wells near the transition zone to pump saltier water. There is also concern of drought effects on spring flows from Comal and San Marcos Springs. These concerns were evaluated through the development of a new numerical model of the Edwards aquifer.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20163002","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System","usgsCitation":"Foster, L.K., and White, J.T., 2016, New insights into the Edwards aquifer—Brackish-water simulation, drought, and the role of uncertainty analysis: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2016–3002, 6 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20163002.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070683","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316352,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3002/coverthbr.jpg"},{"id":316353,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3002/fs20163002.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.11 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2016-3002"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Edwards Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.1298828125,\n 30.774878871959746\n ],\n [\n -100.62377929687499,\n 29.080175989623203\n ],\n [\n -99.82177734375,\n 27.994401411046173\n ],\n [\n -96.866455078125,\n 29.864465259258\n ],\n [\n -98.1298828125,\n 30.774878871959746\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Texas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1505 Ferguson Lane
Austin, TX 78754
http://tx.usgs.gov
Animal telemetry is the science of elucidating the movements and behavior of animals in relation to their environment or habitat. Here, we focus on telemetry of aquatic species (marine mammals, sharks, fish, sea birds and turtles) and so are concerned with animal movements and behavior as they move through and above the world’s oceans, coastal rivers, estuaries and great lakes. Animal telemetry devices (“tags”) yield detailed data regarding animal responses to the coupled ocean–atmosphere and physical environment through which they are moving. Animal telemetry has matured and we describe a developing US Animal Telemetry Network (ATN) observing system that monitors aquatic life on a range of temporal and spatial scales that will yield both short- and long-term benefits, fill oceanographic observing and knowledge gaps and advance many of the U.S. National Ocean Policy Priority Objectives. ATN has the potential to create a huge impact for the ocean observing activities undertaken by the U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) and become a model for establishing additional national-level telemetry networks worldwide.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioMed Central","doi":"10.1186/s40317-015-0092-1","usgsCitation":"Block, B.A., Holbrook, C., Simmons, S.E., Holland, K.N., Ault, J.S., Costa, D.P., Mate, B., Seitz, A.C., Arendt, M.D., Payne, J., Mahmoudi, B., Moore, P.L., Price, J., Levenson, J.J., Wilson, D., and Kochevar, R.E., 2016, Toward a national animal telemetry network for aquatic observations in the United States: Animal Biotelemetry, v. 4, no. 6, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-015-0092-1.","productDescription":"8 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069947","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471261,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-015-0092-1","text":"Publisher Index 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cholbrook@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8203-6856","contributorId":139681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holbrook","given":"Christopher","email":"cholbrook@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Simmons, Samantha E.","contributorId":156320,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simmons","given":"Samantha","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":20313,"text":"Marine Mammal Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holland, Kim N","contributorId":156321,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holland","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"N","affiliations":[{"id":20314,"text":"Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ault, Jerald S.","contributorId":59286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ault","given":"Jerald","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Costa, Daniel P.","contributorId":141212,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Costa","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mate, Bruce R","contributorId":156323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mate","given":"Bruce R","affiliations":[{"id":20316,"text":"Oregon State University Marine Mammal Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Seitz, Andrew C.","contributorId":156324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seitz","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":597425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Arendt, Michael D.","contributorId":105639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arendt","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Payne, John","contributorId":146663,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Payne","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Mahmoudi, Behzad","contributorId":156325,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mahmoudi","given":"Behzad","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":20317,"text":"Florida Fish and Wildlife Research Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Moore, Peter L.","contributorId":54504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Price, James","contributorId":156327,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Price","given":"James","affiliations":[{"id":20318,"text":"Bureau of Ocean Energy Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Levenson, J. J.","contributorId":156326,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Levenson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":20318,"text":"Bureau of Ocean Energy Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Wilson, Doug","contributorId":7581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Doug","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Kochevar, Randall E","contributorId":156328,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kochevar","given":"Randall","email":"","middleInitial":"E","affiliations":[{"id":16719,"text":"Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 909350, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}} ,{"id":70168507,"text":"70168507 - 2016 - Plastic pikas: Behavioural flexibility in low-elevation pikas (Ochotona princeps)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-16T21:51:09","indexId":"70168507","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":987,"text":"Behavioural Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Plastic pikas: Behavioural flexibility in low-elevation pikas (Ochotona princeps)","docAbstract":"Behaviour is an important mechanism for accommodating rapid environmental changes. Understanding a species’ capacity for behavioural plasticity is therefore a key, but understudied, aspect of developing tractable conservation and management plans under climate-change scenarios. Here, we quantified behavioural differences between American pikas (Ochotona princeps) living in an atypical, low-elevation habitat versus those living in a more-typical, alpine habitat. With respect to foraging strategy, low-elevation pikas spent more time consuming vegetation and less time caching food for winter, compared to high-elevation pikas. Low-elevation pikas were also far more likely to be detected in forested microhabitats off the talus than their high-elevation counterparts at midday. Finally, pikas living in the atypical habitat had smaller home range sizes compared to those in typical habitat or any previously published home ranges for this species. Our findings indicate that behavioural plasticity likely allows pikas to accommodate atypical conditions in this low-elevation habitat, and that they may rely on critical habitat factors such as suitable microclimate refugia to behaviourally thermoregulate. Together, these results suggest that behavioural adjustments are one important mechanism by which pikas can persist outside of their previously appreciated dietary and thermal niches.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science Pub. Co.","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.beproc.2016.01.009","usgsCitation":"Varner, J., Horns, J.J., Lambert, M.S., Westberg, E., Ruff, J., Wolfenberger, K., Beever, E., and Dearing, M.D., 2016, Plastic pikas: Behavioural flexibility in low-elevation pikas (Ochotona princeps): Behavioural Processes, v. 125, p. 63-71, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2016.01.009.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"71","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065677","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471262,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2016.01.009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":318101,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River Gorge, Mt. Hood","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.43713378906249,\n 45.07352060670971\n ],\n [\n -122.43713378906249,\n 45.767522962149904\n ],\n [\n -121.53625488281249,\n 45.767522962149904\n ],\n [\n -121.53625488281249,\n 45.07352060670971\n ],\n [\n -122.43713378906249,\n 45.07352060670971\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"125","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c45652e4b0946c65218587","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Varner, Johanna","contributorId":147700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Varner","given":"Johanna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16911,"text":"Dept. of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horns, Joshua J.","contributorId":147702,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horns","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16911,"text":"Dept. of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lambert, Mallory S.","contributorId":147701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lambert","given":"Mallory","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":16911,"text":"Dept. of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Westberg, Elizabeth","contributorId":166987,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Westberg","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24590,"text":"University of Utah, Department of Biology, Salt Lake City, UT, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ruff, James","contributorId":166988,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruff","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24590,"text":"University of Utah, Department of Biology, Salt Lake City, UT, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wolfenberger, Katelyn","contributorId":166989,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolfenberger","given":"Katelyn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24590,"text":"University of Utah, Department of Biology, Salt Lake City, UT, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Beever, Erik A. 0000-0002-9369-486X ebeever@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-486X","contributorId":147685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beever","given":"Erik A.","email":"ebeever@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5072,"text":"Office of Communication and Publishing","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dearing, M. Denise","contributorId":147705,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dearing","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Denise","affiliations":[{"id":16911,"text":"Dept. of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70161858,"text":"ofr20161002 - 2016 - Quality of surface-water supplies in the Triangle area of North Carolina, water years 2010-11","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-08T17:09:07","indexId":"ofr20161002","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-02T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1002","title":"Quality of surface-water supplies in the Triangle area of North Carolina, water years 2010-11","docAbstract":"Surface-water supplies are important sources of drinking water for residents in the Triangle area of North Carolina, which is located within the upper Cape Fear and Neuse River Basins. Since 1988, the U.S. Geological Survey and a consortium of local governments have tracked water-quality conditions and trends in several of the area’s water-supply lakes and streams. This report summarizes data collected through this cooperative effort, known as the Triangle Area Water Supply Monitoring Project, during October 2009 through September 2010 (water year 2010) and October 2010 through September 2011 (water year 2011). Major findings for this data-collection effort include
\nDirector, South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Columbia, SC 29210
http://www.usgs.gov/water/southatlantic/
Light availability is of primary importance to the ecological function of shallow estuaries. For example, benthic primary production by submerged aquatic vegetation is contingent upon light penetration to the seabed. A major component that attenuates light in estuaries is colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM). CDOM is often measured via a proxy, fluorescing dissolved organic matter (fDOM), due to the ease of in situ fDOM sensor measurements. Fluorescence must be converted to CDOM absorbance for use in light attenuation calculations. However, this CDOM–fDOM relationship varies among and within estuaries. We quantified the variability in this relationship within three estuaries along the mid-Atlantic margin of the eastern United States: West Falmouth Harbor (MA), Barnegat Bay (NJ), and Chincoteague Bay (MD/VA). Land use surrounding these estuaries ranges from urban to developed, with varying sources of nutrients and organic matter. Measurements of fDOM (excitation and emission wavelengths of 365 nm (±5 nm) and 460 nm (±40 nm), respectively) and CDOM absorbance were taken along a terrestrial-to-marine gradient in all three estuaries. The ratio of the absorption coefficient at 340 nm (m−1) to fDOM (QSU) was higher in West Falmouth Harbor (1.22) than in Barnegat Bay (0.22) and Chincoteague Bay (0.17). The CDOM : fDOM absorption ratio was variable between sites within West Falmouth Harbor and Barnegat Bay, but consistent between sites within Chincoteague Bay. Stable carbon isotope analysis for constraining the source of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in West Falmouth Harbor and Barnegat Bay yielded δ13C values ranging from −19.7 to −26.1 ‰ and −20.8 to −26.7 ‰, respectively. Concentration and stable carbon isotope mixing models of DOC (dissolved organic carbon) indicate a contribution of 13C-enriched DOC in the estuaries. The most likely source of 13C-enriched DOC for the systems we investigated is Spartina cordgrass. Comparison of DOC source to CDOM : fDOM absorption ratios at each site demonstrates the relationship between source and optical properties. Samples with 13C-enriched carbon isotope values, indicating a greater contribution from marsh organic material, had higher CDOM : fDOM absorption ratios than samples with greater contribution from terrestrial organic material. Applying a uniform CDOM : fDOM absorption ratio and spectral slope within a given estuary yields errors in modeled light attenuation ranging from 11 to 33 % depending on estuary. The application of a uniform absorption ratio across all estuaries doubles this error. This study demonstrates that light attenuation coefficients for CDOM based on continuous fDOM records are highly dependent on the source of DOM present in the estuary. Thus, light attenuation models for estuaries would be improved by quantification of CDOM absorption and DOM source identification.
","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/bg-13-583-2016","usgsCitation":"Oestreich, W., Ganju, N.K., Pohlman, J.W., and Suttles, S., 2016, Colored dissolved organic matter in shallow estuaries: relationships between carbon sources and light attenuation: Biogeosciences, v. 13, no. 2, p. 583-595, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-583-2016.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"583","endPage":"595","ipdsId":"IP-065243","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471265,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-583-2016","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328840,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7c6cfe4b0bc0bec09cb74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oestreich, W.K.","contributorId":174765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oestreich","given":"W.K.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27509,"text":"Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":649224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ganju, Neil K. 0000-0002-1096-0465 nganju@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-0465","contributorId":174763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganju","given":"Neil","email":"nganju@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":649223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pohlman, John W. 0000-0002-3563-4586 jpohlman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3563-4586","contributorId":145771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pohlman","given":"John","email":"jpohlman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Suttles, Steven E. 0000-0002-4119-8370 ssuttles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4119-8370","contributorId":174766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suttles","given":"Steven E. ","email":"ssuttles@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":649226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70178533,"text":"70178533 - 2016 - Life history of the vulnerable endemic crayfish Cambarus (Erebicambarus) maculatus Hobbs and Pflieger, 1988 (Decapoda: Astacoidea: Cambaridae) in Missouri, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-30T15:24:53","indexId":"70178533","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2235,"text":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Life history of the vulnerable endemic crayfish Cambarus (Erebicambarus) maculatus Hobbs and Pflieger, 1988 (Decapoda: Astacoidea: Cambaridae) in Missouri, USA","docAbstract":"A recent near-complete phylogeny of the avian family Furnariidae (Derryberry et al. 2011) found a number of discrepancies between the phylogeny and the then-current taxonomy of the group, and several changes were proposed to reconcile the taxonomy of the family with the phylogeny. Among these was the merging of the genus Schizoeaca Cabanis 1873 into Asthenes Reichenbach 1853 (Derryberry et al. 2010). This change has now been generally adopted. The Committee on Classification and Nomenclature (South America) of the American Ornithologists’ Union (Remsen et al. 2015) passed a proposal to merge the genera in 2010, and recent global reference works (e.g., Dickinson & Christidis 2014) have likewise adopted the lumping of these genera.
","language":"English","publisher":"Magnolia Press","publisherLocation":"Auckland, New Zealand","doi":"10.11646/zootaxa.4067.5.9","usgsCitation":"Chesser, R., 2016, A replacement name for Asthenes wyatti perijanus Phelps 1977: Zootaxa, v. 4067, no. 5, https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4067.5.9.","startPage":"599","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071575","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316422,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4067","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b081b6e4b010e2af2a1163","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chesser, R. Terry 0000-0003-4389-7092 tchesser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4389-7092","contributorId":894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chesser","given":"R. Terry","email":"tchesser@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":596907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70164327,"text":"70164327 - 2016 - From tails to toes: developing nonlethal tissue indicators of mercury exposure in five amphibian species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-06T13:12:00","indexId":"70164327","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T16:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"From tails to toes: developing nonlethal tissue indicators of mercury exposure in five amphibian species","docAbstract":"Exposure to environmental contaminants has been implicated as a factor in global amphibian decline. Mercury (Hg) is a particularly widespread contaminant that biomagnifies in amphibians and can cause a suite of deleterious effects. However, monitoring contaminant exposure in amphibian tissues may conflict with conservation goals if lethal take is required. Thus, there is a need to develop non-lethal tissue sampling techniques to quantify contaminant exposure in amphibians. Some minimally invasive sampling techniques, such as toe-clipping, are common in population-genetic research, but it is unclear if these methods can adequately characterize contaminant exposure. We examined the relationships between mercury (Hg) concentrations in non-lethally sampled tissues and paired whole-bodies in five amphibian species. Specifically, we examined the utility of three different tail-clip sections from four salamander species and toe-clips from one anuran species. Both tail and toe-clips accurately predicted whole-body THg concentrations, but the relationships differed among species and the specific tail-clip section or toe that was used. Tail-clips comprised of the distal 0–2 cm segment performed the best across all salamander species, explaining between 82 and 92 % of the variation in paired whole-body THg concentrations. Toe-clips were less effective predictors of frog THg concentrations, but THg concentrations in outer rear toes accounted for up to 79 % of the variability in frog whole-body THg concentrations. These findings suggest non-lethal sampling of tails and toes has potential applications for monitoring contaminant exposure and risk in amphibians, but care must be taken to ensure consistent collection and interpretation of samples.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10646-016-1616-z","usgsCitation":"Pfleeger, A.Z., Eagles-Smith, C.A., Kowalski, B.M., Herring, G., Willacker, J.J., Jackson, A., and Pierce, J., 2016, From tails to toes: developing nonlethal tissue indicators of mercury exposure in five amphibian species: Ecotoxicology, v. 25, no. 3, p. 574-583, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-016-1616-z.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"574","endPage":"583","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070128","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316419,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b081bce4b010e2af2a1195","chorus":{"doi":"10.1007/s10646-016-1616-z","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-016-1616-z","publisher":"Springer Nature","authors":"Pfleeger Adam Z., Eagles-Smith Collin A., Kowalski Brandon M., Herring Garth, Willacker James J., Jackson Allyson K., Pierce John R.","journalName":"Ecotoxicology","publicationDate":"1/29/2016","auditedOn":"7/29/2016","publiclyAccessibleDate":"1/29/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pfleeger, Adam Z.","contributorId":156247,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pfleeger","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kowalski, Brandon M. bkowalski@usgs.gov","contributorId":5867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kowalski","given":"Brandon","email":"bkowalski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Herring, Garth 0000-0003-1106-4731 gherring@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1106-4731","contributorId":4403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herring","given":"Garth","email":"gherring@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Willacker, James J. jwillacker@usgs.gov","contributorId":5614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willacker","given":"James","email":"jwillacker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jackson, Allyson K.","contributorId":156248,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jackson","given":"Allyson K.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pierce, John 0000-0003-1148-6889 jpierce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1148-6889","contributorId":156249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierce","given":"John","email":"jpierce@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70164304,"text":"70164304 - 2016 - Life history differences between fat and lean morphs of lake charr (Salvelinus namaycush) in Great Slave Lake, Northwest Territories, Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-03T16:36:45","indexId":"70164304","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T16:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Life history differences between fat and lean morphs of lake charr (Salvelinus namaycush) in Great Slave Lake, Northwest Territories, Canada","docAbstract":"Life history characteristics (size, age, plumpness, buoyancy, survival, growth, and maturity) were compared between fat and lean morphs of lake charr Salvelinus namaycush in Great Slave Lake, Canada, to determine if differences may reflect effects of resource polymorphism. Lake charr were sampled using graded-mesh gill nets set in three depth strata. Of 236 lake charr captured, 122 were a fat morph and 114 were a lean morph. Males and females did not differ from each other in any attributes for either fat or lean morphs. The fat morph averaged 15 mm longer, 481 g heavier, and 4.7 years older than the lean morph. The fat morph averaged 26% heavier and 48% more buoyant at length than the lean morph. Survival of the fat morph was 1.7% higher than that of the lean morph. The fat morph grew at a slower annual rate to a shorter asymptotic length than the lean morph. Fat and lean morphs matured at similar lengths and ages. We concluded that the connection between resource polymorphism and life histories in lean versus fat lake charr suggests that morph-specific restoration objectives may be needed in lakes where lake charr diversity is considered to be a restoration goal.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10750-015-2633-2","usgsCitation":"Hansen, M.J., Nate, N.A., Chavarie, L., Muir, A., Zimmerman, M.S., and Krueger, C., 2016, Life history differences between fat and lean morphs of lake charr (Salvelinus namaycush) in Great Slave Lake, Northwest Territories, Canada: Hydrobiologia, v. 783, no. 1, p. 21-35, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-015-2633-2.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"35","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070319","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316417,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"Northwest Territories","otherGeospatial":"Great Slave Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.02636718749999,\n 60.694695372877476\n ],\n [\n -117.02636718749999,\n 63.213829705155625\n ],\n [\n -108.9404296875,\n 63.213829705155625\n ],\n [\n -108.9404296875,\n 60.694695372877476\n ],\n [\n -117.02636718749999,\n 60.694695372877476\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"783","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b081bde4b010e2af2a11a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, Michael J. 0000-0001-8522-3876 michaelhansen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8522-3876","contributorId":5006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Michael","email":"michaelhansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":596908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nate, Nancy A.","contributorId":26626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nate","given":"Nancy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chavarie, Louise","contributorId":156227,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chavarie","given":"Louise","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":596910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Muir, Andrew M.","contributorId":103933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Muir","given":"Andrew M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zimmerman, Mara S.","contributorId":152687,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Mara","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":13269,"text":"Washington Department of Fish & Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":596912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Krueger, Charles C.","contributorId":73131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krueger","given":"Charles C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70168723,"text":"70168723 - 2016 - Identification and dating of indigenous water storage reservoirs along the Rio San José at Laguna Pueblo, western New Mexico, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-26T13:35:08","indexId":"70168723","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identification and dating of indigenous water storage reservoirs along the Rio San José at Laguna Pueblo, western New Mexico, USA","docAbstract":"An investigation into indigenous water storage on the Rio San José in western New Mexico was conducted in support of efforts by the Pueblo of Laguna to adjudicate their water rights. Here we focus on stratigraphy and geochronology of two Native American-constructed reservoirs. One reservoir located near the community of Casa Blanca was formed by a ∼600 m (2000 feet) long stone masonry dam that impounded ∼1.6 × 106 m3 (∼1300 acre-feet) of stored water. Four optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages obtained on reservoir deposits indicate that the dam was constructed prior to AD 1825. The other reservoir is located adjacent to Old Laguna Pueblo and contains only a small remnant of its former earthen dam. The depth and distribution of reservoir deposits and a photogrammetric analyses of relict shorelines indicate a storage capacity of ∼6.5 × 106 m3 (∼5300 ac-ft). OSL ages from above and below the base of the reservoir indicate that the reservoir was constructed sometime after AD 1370 but before AD 1750. The results of our investigation are consistent with Laguna oral history and Spanish accounts demonstrating indigenous construction of significant water-storage reservoirs on the Rio San José prior to the late nineteenth century.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Arid Environments","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.11.004","collaboration":"University of Arizona-Tucson; Utah State University; Bureau of Indian Affairs","usgsCitation":"Huckleberry, G., Ferguson, T., Rittenour, T.M., Banet, C., and Mahan, S.A., 2016, Identification and dating of indigenous water storage reservoirs along the Rio San José at Laguna Pueblo, western New Mexico, USA: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 127, p. 171-186, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.11.004.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"171","endPage":"186","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064462","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318394,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","city":"Laguna Pueblo","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.4188232421875,\n 35.02704444650624\n ],\n [\n -107.4188232421875,\n 35.057542504555414\n ],\n [\n -107.35633850097656,\n 35.057542504555414\n ],\n [\n -107.35633850097656,\n 35.02704444650624\n ],\n [\n -107.4188232421875,\n 35.02704444650624\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"127","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56d1853de4b015c306ef2d1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huckleberry, Gary","contributorId":167216,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huckleberry","given":"Gary","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ferguson, T.J.","contributorId":167217,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferguson","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rittenour, Tammy M.","contributorId":140755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rittenour","given":"Tammy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Banet, Chris","contributorId":167218,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Banet","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24647,"text":"Bureau of Indian affairs, Alburquerque Office","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon A. 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":147159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70168426,"text":"70168426 - 2016 - Extending the MODPATH algorithm to rectangular unstructured grids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-12T13:08:03","indexId":"70168426","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T14:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extending the MODPATH algorithm to rectangular unstructured grids","docAbstract":"The recent release of MODFLOW-USG, which allows model grids to have irregular, unstructured connections, requires a modification of the particle-tracking algorithm used by MODPATH. This paper describes a modification of the semi-analytical particle-tracking algorithm used by MODPATH that allows it to be extended to rectangular-based unstructured grids by dividing grid cells with multi-cell face connections into sub-cells. The new method will be incorporated in the next version of MODPATH which is currently under development.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Water Well Journal Pub. Co.","publisherLocation":"Worthington, OH","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12328","usgsCitation":"Pollock, D.W., 2016, Extending the MODPATH algorithm to rectangular unstructured grids: Ground Water, v. 54, no. 1, p. 121-125, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12328.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"121","endPage":"125","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058252","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":317992,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bf1051e4b06458514b68fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pollock, David W. dwpolloc@usgs.gov","contributorId":4248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollock","given":"David","email":"dwpolloc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70168424,"text":"70168424 - 2016 - PHT3D-UZF: A reactive transport model for variably-saturated porous media","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-12T13:13:35","indexId":"70168424","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T14:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"PHT3D-UZF: A reactive transport model for variably-saturated porous media","docAbstract":"A modified version of the MODFLOW/MT3DMS-based reactive transport model PHT3D was developed to extend current reactive transport capabilities to the variably-saturated component of the subsurface system and incorporate diffusive reactive transport of gaseous species. Referred to as PHT3D-UZF, this code incorporates flux terms calculated by MODFLOW's unsaturated-zone flow (UZF1) package. A volume-averaged approach similar to the method used in UZF-MT3DMS was adopted. The PHREEQC-based computation of chemical processes within PHT3D-UZF in combination with the analytical solution method of UZF1 allows for comprehensive reactive transport investigations (i.e., biogeochemical transformations) that jointly involve saturated and unsaturated zone processes. Intended for regional-scale applications, UZF1 simulates downward-only flux within the unsaturated zone. The model was tested by comparing simulation results with those of existing numerical models. The comparison was performed for several benchmark problems that cover a range of important hydrological and reactive transport processes. A 2D simulation scenario was defined to illustrate the geochemical evolution following dewatering in a sandy acid sulfate soil environment. Other potential applications include the simulation of biogeochemical processes in variably-saturated systems that track the transport and fate of agricultural pollutants, nutrients, natural and xenobiotic organic compounds and micropollutants such as pharmaceuticals, as well as the evolution of isotope patterns.
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Ursula","contributorId":166765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Salmon","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ursula","affiliations":[{"id":24500,"text":"School of Earth and Environment, Univ. of Western Austrailia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morway, Eric D. 0000-0002-8553-6140 emorway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8553-6140","contributorId":4320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morway","given":"Eric","email":"emorway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Prommer, H.","contributorId":12264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prommer","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70168668,"text":"70168668 - 2016 - Climate variables explain neutral and adaptive variation within salmonid metapopulations: The importance of replication in landscape genetics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-13T09:09:12","indexId":"70168668","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate variables explain neutral and adaptive variation within salmonid metapopulations: The importance of replication in landscape genetics","docAbstract":"Understanding how environmental variation influences population genetic structure is important for conservation management because it can reveal how human stressors influence population connectivity, genetic diversity and persistence. We used riverscape genetics modelling to assess whether climatic and habitat variables were related to neutral and adaptive patterns of genetic differentiation (population-specific and pairwise FST) within five metapopulations (79 populations, 4583 individuals) of steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the Columbia River Basin, USA. Using 151 putatively neutral and 29 candidate adaptive SNP loci, we found that climate-related variables (winter precipitation, summer maximum temperature, winter highest 5% flow events and summer mean flow) best explained neutral and adaptive patterns of genetic differentiation within metapopulations, suggesting that climatic variation likely influences both demography (neutral variation) and local adaptation (adaptive variation). However, we did not observe consistent relationships between climate variables and FST across all metapopulations, underscoring the need for replication when extrapolating results from one scale to another (e.g. basin-wide to the metapopulation scale). Sensitivity analysis (leave-one-population-out) revealed consistent relationships between climate variables and FST within three metapopulations; however, these patterns were not consistent in two metapopulations likely due to small sample sizes (N = 10). These results provide correlative evidence that climatic variation has shaped the genetic structure of steelhead populations and highlight the need for replication and sensitivity analyses in land and riverscape genetics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/mec.13517","usgsCitation":"Hand, B., Muhlfeld, C.C., Wade, A., Kovach, R., Whited, D.C., Narum, S.R., Matala, A.P., Ackerman, M.W., Garner, B.A., Kimball, J., Stanford, J.A., and Luikart, G., 2016, Climate variables explain neutral and adaptive variation within salmonid metapopulations: The importance of replication in landscape genetics: Molecular Ecology, v. 25, no. 3, p. 689-705, https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13517.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"689","endPage":"705","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059706","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488408,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1804948","text":"External Repository"},{"id":318363,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.45312499999999,\n 42.61779143282346\n ],\n [\n -112.9833984375,\n 42.61779143282346\n ],\n [\n -112.9833984375,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -124.45312499999999,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -124.45312499999999,\n 42.61779143282346\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56cee252e4b015c306ec5e8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hand, Brian K.","contributorId":139248,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hand","given":"Brian K.","affiliations":[{"id":12707,"text":"Flathead Lake Biological Station, Fish and Wildlife Genomics Group, University of Montana, Polson, MT 59860","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muhlfeld, Clint C. 0000-0002-4599-4059 cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4599-4059","contributorId":924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhlfeld","given":"Clint","email":"cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wade, Alisa A.","contributorId":145917,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wade","given":"Alisa A.","affiliations":[{"id":16296,"text":"University of Montana, Polson Montana 59860 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kovach, Ryan 0000-0001-5402-2123 rkovach@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5402-2123","contributorId":145914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kovach","given":"Ryan","email":"rkovach@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Whited, Diane C.","contributorId":145916,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whited","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":16296,"text":"University of Montana, Polson Montana 59860 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Narum, Shawn R.","contributorId":167146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Narum","given":"Shawn","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13314,"text":"Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Matala, Andrew P.","contributorId":167147,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matala","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":13314,"text":"Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ackerman, Michael W.","contributorId":167163,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Garner, B. 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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20163001","usgsCitation":"Schenk, C.J., Klett, T.R., Tennyson, M.E., Pitman, J.K., Gaswirth, S.B., Le, P.A., Leathers-Miller, H.M., Mercier, T.J., Marra, K.R., Hawkins, S.J., and Brownfield, M.E., 2016, Assessment of undiscovered gas resources of the Thrace Basin, Turkey, 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2016–3001, 2 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20163001.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070442","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314887,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3001/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":314888,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3001/fs20163001.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.53 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2016-3001"}],"country":"Turkey","otherGeospatial":"Thrace Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 26.597900390625,\n 40.49709237269567\n ],\n [\n 26.597900390625,\n 41.95949009892465\n ],\n [\n 29.102783203125,\n 41.95949009892465\n ],\n [\n 29.102783203125,\n 40.49709237269567\n ],\n [\n 26.597900390625,\n 40.49709237269567\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-939
Denver Federal Center
Denver, CO 80225-0046
http://energy.usgs.gov
Lowland boreal forest ecosystems in Alaska are dominated by wetlands comprised of a complex mosaic of fens, collapse-scar bogs, low shrub/scrub, and forests growing on elevated ice-rich permafrost soils. Thermokarst has affected the lowlands of the Tanana Flats in central Alaska for centuries, as thawing permafrost collapses forests that transition to wetlands. Located within the discontinuous permafrost zone, this region has significantly warmed over the past half-century, and much of these carbon-rich permafrost soils are now within ~0.5 °C of thawing. Increased permafrost thaw in lowland boreal forests in response to warming may have consequences for the climate system. This study evaluates the trajectories and potential drivers of 60 years of forest change in a landscape subjected to permafrost thaw in unburned dominant forest types (paper birch and black spruce) associated with location on elevated permafrost plateau and across multiple time periods (1949, 1978, 1986, 1998, and 2009) using historical and contemporary aerial and satellite images for change detection. We developed (i) a deterministic statistical model to evaluate the potential climatic controls on forest change using gradient boosting and regression tree analysis, and (ii) a 30 × 30 m land cover map of the Tanana Flats to estimate the potential landscape-level losses of forest area due to thermokarst from 1949 to 2009. Over the 60-year period, we observed a nonlinear loss of birch forests and a relatively continuous gain of spruce forest associated with thermokarst and forest succession, while gradient boosting/regression tree models identify precipitation and forest fragmentation as the primary factors controlling birch and spruce forest change, respectively. Between 1950 and 2009, landscape-level analysis estimates a transition of ~15 km² or ~7% of birch forests to wetlands, where the greatest change followed warm periods. This work highlights that the vulnerability and resilience of lowland ice-rich permafrost ecosystems to climate changes depend on forest type.
","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","doi":"10.1111/gcb.13124","usgsCitation":"Lara, M., Genet, H., McGuire, A.D., Euskirchen, E., Zhang, Y., Brown, D.R., Jorgenson, M., Romanovsky, V., Breen, A.L., and Bolton, W., 2016, Thermokarst rates intensify due to climate change and forest fragmentation in an Alaskan boreal forest lowland: Global Change Biology, v. 22, no. 2, p. 816-829, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13124.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"816","endPage":"829","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067107","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487093,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1401401","text":"External Repository"},{"id":319360,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Tanana Flats","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -146.7279052734375,\n 64.29705772139192\n ],\n [\n -146.7718505859375,\n 64.31849111981204\n ],\n [\n -146.85974121093747,\n 64.33039136366138\n ],\n [\n -146.9586181640625,\n 64.39931146138198\n ],\n [\n -147.0135498046875,\n 64.42777961851408\n ],\n [\n -146.964111328125,\n 64.49882087569566\n ],\n [\n -147.0355224609375,\n 64.51773408905306\n ],\n [\n -147.06298828125,\n 64.55316108653571\n ],\n [\n -147.1453857421875,\n 64.60268165499696\n ],\n [\n -147.227783203125,\n 64.62858508010181\n ],\n [\n -147.2882080078125,\n 64.68736477621857\n ],\n [\n -147.403564453125,\n 64.73195224826483\n ],\n [\n -147.535400390625,\n 64.76944266707025\n ],\n [\n -147.7496337890625,\n 64.79518717004242\n ],\n [\n -147.90344238281247,\n 64.78582837449026\n ],\n [\n -148.0023193359375,\n 64.77880714659877\n ],\n [\n -148.1341552734375,\n 64.72491700255974\n ],\n [\n -148.271484375,\n 64.68031793418317\n ],\n [\n -148.38684082031247,\n 64.65681522497661\n ],\n [\n -148.480224609375,\n 64.65211223878967\n ],\n [\n -148.5845947265625,\n 64.64740843756522\n ],\n [\n -148.6724853515625,\n 64.63799838956571\n ],\n [\n -148.656005859375,\n 64.58382729385322\n ],\n [\n -148.60107421875,\n 64.61445899874353\n ],\n [\n -148.5076904296875,\n 64.6168138555028\n ],\n [\n -148.458251953125,\n 64.58146958015028\n ],\n [\n -148.40332031249997,\n 64.543718384468\n ],\n [\n -148.30993652343747,\n 64.51773408905306\n ],\n [\n -148.2110595703125,\n 64.45384948864441\n ],\n [\n -148.1396484375,\n 64.37794095121995\n ],\n [\n -147.98583984375,\n 64.32563188307633\n ],\n [\n -147.7880859375,\n 64.26606893454858\n ],\n [\n -147.601318359375,\n 64.19442343702703\n ],\n [\n -147.5628662109375,\n 64.12019460255497\n ],\n [\n -147.568359375,\n 64.05297838071347\n ],\n [\n -147.469482421875,\n 64.0914075226231\n ],\n [\n -147.41455078125,\n 64.08660677881706\n ],\n [\n -147.2552490234375,\n 64.06499318301724\n ],\n [\n -147.0904541015625,\n 64.0914075226231\n ],\n [\n -146.9476318359375,\n 64.08180520696276\n ],\n [\n -146.7938232421875,\n 64.0890072542193\n ],\n [\n -146.76635742187497,\n 64.16092532332391\n ],\n [\n -146.7388916015625,\n 64.2231039063906\n ],\n [\n -146.7279052734375,\n 64.29705772139192\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f50fd4e4b0f59b85e1ebe5","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/gcb.13124","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13124","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Lara Mark J., Genet Hélène, McGuire Anthony D., Euskirchen Eugénie S., Zhang Yujin, Brown Dana R. N., Jorgenson Mark T., Romanovsky Vladimir, Breen Amy, Bolton William R.","journalName":"Global Change Biology","publicationDate":"1/6/2016","auditedOn":"1/7/2017"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lara, M.","contributorId":17167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lara","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Genet, Helene","contributorId":95370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Genet","given":"Helene","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGuire, A. 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N.","contributorId":140386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"R. N.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":623610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jorgenson, M.T.","contributorId":26889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgenson","given":"M.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Romanovsky, V.","contributorId":86934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanovsky","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Breen, Amy L.","contributorId":81396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breen","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Bolton, W.R.","contributorId":90531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolton","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70117462,"text":"70117462 - 2016 - Spatial variations in immediate greenhouse gases and aerosol emissions and resulting radiative forcing from wildfires in interior Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-17T19:18:05","indexId":"70117462","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5175,"text":"Theoretical and Applied Climatology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial variations in immediate greenhouse gases and aerosol emissions and resulting radiative forcing from wildfires in interior Alaska","docAbstract":"Boreal fires can cool the climate; however, this conclusion came from individual fires and may not represent the whole story. We hypothesize that the climatic impact of boreal fires depends on local landscape heterogeneity such as burn severity, prefire vegetation type, and soil properties. To test this hypothesis, spatially explicit emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and aerosols and their resulting radiative forcing are required as an important and necessary component towards a full assessment. In this study, we integrated remote sensing (Landsat and MODIS) and models (carbon consumption model, emission factors model, and radiative forcing model) to calculate the carbon consumption, GHGs and aerosol emissions, and their radiative forcing of 2001–2010 fires at 30 m resolution in the Yukon River Basin of Alaska. Total carbon consumption showed significant spatial variation, with a mean of 2,615 g C m−2 and a standard deviation of 2,589 g C m−2. The carbon consumption led to different amounts of GHGs and aerosol emissions, ranging from 593.26 Tg (CO2) to 0.16 Tg (N2O). When converted to equivalent CO2 based on global warming potential metric, the maximum 20 years equivalent CO2 was black carbon (713.77 Tg), and the lowest 20 years equivalent CO2 was organic carbon (−583.13 Tg). The resulting radiative forcing also showed significant spatial variation: CO2, CH4, and N2O can cause a 20-year mean radiative forcing of 7.41 W m−2 with a standard deviation of 2.87 W m−2. This emission forcing heterogeneity indicates that different boreal fires have different climatic impacts. When considering the spatial variation of other forcings, such as surface shortwave forcing, we may conclude that some boreal fires, especially boreal deciduous fires, can warm the climate.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"New York","doi":"10.1007/s00704-015-1379-0","usgsCitation":"Huang, S., Liu, H., Dahal, D., Jin, S., Li, S., and Liu, S., 2016, Spatial variations in immediate greenhouse gases and aerosol emissions and resulting radiative forcing from wildfires in interior Alaska: Theoretical and Applied Climatology, v. 123, no. 3, p. 581-592, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-015-1379-0.","startPage":"581","endPage":"592","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058246","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326645,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"123","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b58b5de4b03bcb0104bc6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huang, Shengli shuang@usgs.gov","contributorId":1926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"Shengli","email":"shuang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":519096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Heping","contributorId":117909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Heping","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dahal, Devendra 0000-0001-9594-1249 ddahal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9594-1249","contributorId":5622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dahal","given":"Devendra","email":"ddahal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jin, Suming 0000-0001-9919-8077 sjin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9919-8077","contributorId":4397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jin","given":"Suming","email":"sjin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Li, Shuang","contributorId":116219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Shuang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Liu, Shu-Guang sliu@usgs.gov","contributorId":984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Shu-Guang","email":"sliu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70164312,"text":"70164312 - 2016 - Post-eruptive inflation of Okmok Volcano, Alaska, from InSAR, 2008–2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-01T11:00:28","indexId":"70164312","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-eruptive inflation of Okmok Volcano, Alaska, from InSAR, 2008–2014","docAbstract":"Okmok, a ~10-km wide caldera that occupies most of the northeastern end of Umnak Island, is one of the most active volcanoes in the Aleutian arc. The most recent eruption at Okmok during July-August 2008 was by far its largest and most explosive since at least the early 19th century. We investigate post-eruptive magma supply and storage at the volcano during 2008–2014 by analyzing all available synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of Okmok acquired during that time period using the multi-temporal InSAR technique. Data from the C-band Envisat and X-band TerraSAR-X satellites indicate that Okmok started inflating very soon after the end of 2008 eruption at a time-variable rate of 48-130 mm/y, consistent with GPS measurements. The “model-assisted” phase unwrapping method is applied to improve the phase unwrapping operation for long temporal baseline pairs. The InSAR time-series is used as input for deformation source modeling, which suggests magma accumulating at variable rates in a shallow storage zone at ~3.9 km below sea level beneath the summit caldera, consistent with previous studies. The modeled volume accumulation in the 6 years following the 2008 eruption is ~75% of the 1997 eruption volume and ~25% of the 2008 eruption volume.
","language":"English","publisher":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","doi":"10.3390/rs71215839","usgsCitation":"Qu, F., Lu, Z., Poland, M.P., Freymueller, J.T., Zhang, Q., and Jung, H., 2016, Post-eruptive inflation of Okmok Volcano, Alaska, from InSAR, 2008–2014: Remote Sensing, v. 7, no. 12, p. 16778-16794, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs71215839.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"16778","endPage":"16794","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069602","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471268,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs71215839","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":316377,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Okmok Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -168.46572875976562,\n 53.26685566290742\n ],\n [\n -168.46572875976562,\n 53.570491879287\n ],\n [\n -167.772216796875,\n 53.570491879287\n ],\n [\n -167.772216796875,\n 53.26685566290742\n ],\n [\n -168.46572875976562,\n 53.26685566290742\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b081bde4b010e2af2a11ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Qu, Feifei","contributorId":156236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Qu","given":"Feifei","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":20301,"text":"SMU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":596945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lu, Zhong 0000-0001-9181-1818 lu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-1818","contributorId":901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Zhong","email":"lu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":596946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":146118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":596944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Freymueller, Jeffrey T.","contributorId":97458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freymueller","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zhang, Qin","contributorId":156237,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Qin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":20301,"text":"SMU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":596948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jung, Hyung-Sup","contributorId":58382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jung","given":"Hyung-Sup","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70164311,"text":"70164311 - 2016 - Dome growth at Mount Cleveland, Aleutian Arc, quantified by time-series TerraSAR-X imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-01T11:10:02","indexId":"70164311","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dome growth at Mount Cleveland, Aleutian Arc, quantified by time-series TerraSAR-X imagery","docAbstract":"Synthetic aperture radar imagery is widely used to study surface deformation induced by volcanic activity; however, it is rarely applied to quantify the evolution of lava domes, which is important for understanding hazards and magmatic system characteristics. We studied dome formation associated with eruptive activity at Mount Cleveland, Aleutian Volcanic Arc, in 2011–2012 using TerraSAR-X imagery. Interferometry and offset tracking show no consistent deformation and only motion of the crater rim, suggesting that ascending magma may pass through a preexisting conduit system without causing appreciable surface deformation. Amplitude imagery has proven useful for quantifying rates of vertical and areal growth of the lava dome within the crater from formation to removal by explosive activity to rebirth. We expect that this approach can be applied at other volcanoes that host growing lava domes and where hazards are highly dependent on dome geometry and growth rates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Americal Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015GL066784","usgsCitation":"Wang, T., Poland, M.P., and Lu, Z., 2016, Dome growth at Mount Cleveland, Aleutian Arc, quantified by time-series TerraSAR-X imagery: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 42, no. 24, p. 10614-10621, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL066784.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"10614","endPage":"10621","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070279","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316381,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Mount Cleveland","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -170.01651763916016,\n 52.78220817434916\n ],\n [\n -170.01651763916016,\n 52.86063195166758\n ],\n [\n -169.8651123046875,\n 52.86063195166758\n ],\n [\n -169.8651123046875,\n 52.78220817434916\n ],\n [\n -170.01651763916016,\n 52.78220817434916\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"24","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b081bae4b010e2af2a1181","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Teng","contributorId":156235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Teng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":20300,"text":"Southern Methodist University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":596942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":146118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":596941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lu, Zhong 0000-0001-9181-1818 lu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-1818","contributorId":901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Zhong","email":"lu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":596943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70164313,"text":"70164313 - 2016 - The 2014-2015 Pāhoa lava flow crisis at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i: Disaster avoided and lessons learned","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-01T10:53:46","indexId":"70164313","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1728,"text":"GSA Today","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 2014-2015 Pāhoa lava flow crisis at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i: Disaster avoided and lessons learned","docAbstract":"Lava flow crises are nothing new on the Island of Hawai‘i, where their destructive force has been demonstrated repeatedly over the past several hundred years. The 2014–2015 Pāhoa lava flow crisis, however, was unique in terms of its societal impact and volcanological characteristics. Despite low effusion rates, a long-lived lava flow whose extent reached 20 km (the longest at Kīlauea Volcano in the past several hundred years) was poised for months to impact thousands of people, although direct impacts were ultimately minor (thus far). Careful observation of the flow reaffirmed and expanded knowledge of the processes associated with pāhoehoe emplacement, including the direct correlation between summit pressurization and flow advance, the influence of existing geologic structures on flow pathways, and the possible relationship between effusion rate and flow length. Communicating uncertainty associated with lava flow hazards was a challenge throughout the crisis, but online distribution of information and direct contact with residents proved to be effective strategies for keeping the public informed and educated about flow progress and how lava flows work (including forecasting limitations). Volcanological and sociological lessons will be important for inevitable future lava flow crises in Hawai‘i and, potentially, elsewhere in the world.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GSATG262A.1","usgsCitation":"Poland, M.P., Orr, T.R., Kauahikaua, J.P., Brantley, S., Babb, J.L., Patrick, M.R., Neal, C.A., Anderson, K.R., Antolik, L., Burgess, M.K., Elias, T., Fuke, S., Fukunaga, P., Johanson, I.A., Kagimoto, M., Kamibayashi, K.P., Lee, L., Miklius, A., Million, W., Moniz, C.J., Okubo, P.G., Sutton, A., Takahashi, T., Thelen, W.A., Tollett, W., and Trusdell, F., 2016, The 2014-2015 Pāhoa lava flow crisis at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i: Disaster avoided and lessons learned: GSA Today, v. 26, no. 2, p. 4-10, https://doi.org/10.1130/GSATG262A.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"4","endPage":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068957","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316373,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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The increase in mercury deposition to these systems over the past century, coupled with their limited exposure to direct anthropogenic disturbance make them useful indicators for estimating how changes in mercury emissions may propagate to changes in Hg bioaccumulation and ecological risk. We evaluated mercury concentrations in resident fish from 28 high-elevation, sub-alpine lakes in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Fish total mercury (THg) concentrations ranged from 4 to 438 ng/g wet weight, with a geometric mean concentration (±standard error) of 43 ± 2 ng/g ww. Fish THg concentrations were negatively correlated with relative condition factor, indicating that faster growing fish that are in better condition have lower THg concentrations. Across the 28 study lakes, mean THg concentrations of resident salmonid fishes varied as much as 18-fold among lakes. We used a hierarchal statistical approach to evaluate the relative importance of physiological, limnological, and catchment drivers of fish Hg concentrations. Our top statistical model explained 87% of the variability in fish THg concentrations among lakes with four key landscape and limnological variables: catchment conifer density (basal area of conifers within a lake's catchment), lake surface area, aqueous dissolved sulfate, and dissolved organic carbon. Conifer density within a lake's catchment was the most important variable explaining fish THg concentrations across lakes, with THg concentrations differing by more than 400 percent across the forest density spectrum. These results illustrate the importance of landscape characteristics in controlling mercury bioaccumulation in fish.
","language":"English","publisher":"Applied Science Publishers","publisherLocation":"Essex, England","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.049","usgsCitation":"Eagles-Smith, C.A., Herring, G., Johnson, B., and Graw, R., 2016, Conifer density within lake catchments predicts fish mercury concentrations in remote subalpine lakes: Environmental Pollution, v. 212, p. 279-289, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.049.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"279","endPage":"289","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071287","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471270,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.049","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":316722,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"212","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bb1bbde4b08d617f654de4","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.049","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.049","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Eagles-Smith Collin A., Herring Garth, Johnson Branden, Graw Rick","journalName":"Environmental Pollution","publicationDate":"5/2016","publiclyAccessibleDate":"2/5/2017"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herring, Garth 0000-0003-1106-4731 gherring@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1106-4731","contributorId":4403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herring","given":"Garth","email":"gherring@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Branden L. branden_johnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":4168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Branden L.","email":"branden_johnson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graw, Rick","contributorId":77824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graw","given":"Rick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70170547,"text":"70170547 - 2016 - Physical and chemical constraints limit the habitat window for an endangered mussel","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-21T14:34:00","indexId":"70170547","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Physical and chemical constraints limit the habitat window for an endangered mussel","docAbstract":"Development of effective conservation and restoration strategies for freshwater pearly mussels requires identification of environmental constraints on the distributions of individual mussel species. We examined whether the spatial distribution of the endangered Alasmidonta heterodon in Flat Brook, a tributary of the upper Delaware River, was constrained by water chemistry (i.e., calcium availability), bed mobility, or both. Alasmidonta heterodon populations were bracketed between upstream reaches that were under-saturated with respect to aragonite and downstream reaches that were saturated for aragonite during summer baseflow but had steep channels with high bed mobility. Variability in bed mobility and water chemistry along the length of Flat Brook create a “habitat window” for A. heterodon defined by bed stability (mobility index ≤1) and aragonite saturation (saturation index ≥1). We suggest the species may exist in a narrow biogeochemical window that is seasonally near saturation. Alasmidonta heterodon populations may be susceptible to climate change or anthropogenic disturbances that increase discharge, decrease groundwater inflow or chemistry, and thus affect either bed mobility or aragonite saturation. Identifying the biogeochemical microhabitats and requirements of individual mussel species and incorporating this knowledge into management decisions should enhance the conservation and restoration of endangered mussel species.
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2016 - Endangered species management and ecosystem restoration: Finding the common ground","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T09:54:00","indexId":"70168703","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1468,"text":"Ecology and Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Endangered species management and ecosystem restoration: Finding the common ground","docAbstract":"Management actions to protect endangered species and conserve ecosystem function may not always be in precise alignment. Efforts to recover the California Ridgway’s Rail (Rallus obsoletus obsoletus; hereafter, California rail), a federally and state-listed species, and restoration of tidal marsh ecosystems in the San Francisco Bay estuary provide a prime example of habitat restoration that has conflicted with species conservation. On the brink of extinction from habitat loss and degradation, and non-native predators in the 1990s, California rail populations responded positively to introduction of a non-native plant, Atlantic cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora). California rail populations were in substantial decline when the non-native Spartina was initially introduced as part of efforts to recover tidal marshes. Subsequent hybridization with the native Pacific cordgrass (Spartina foliosa) boosted California rail populations by providing greater cover and increased habitat area. The hybrid cordgrass (S. alterniflora × S. foliosa) readily invaded tidal mudflats and channels, and both crowded out native tidal marsh plants and increased sediment accretion in the marsh plain. This resulted in modification of tidal marsh geomorphology, hydrology, productivity, and species composition. Our results show that denser California rail populations occur in invasive Spartina than in native Spartina in San Francisco Bay. Herbicide treatment between 2005 and 2012 removed invasive Spartina from open intertidal mud and preserved foraging habitat for shorebirds. However, removal of invasive Spartina caused substantial decreases in California rail populations. Unknown facets of California rail ecology, undesirable interim stages of tidal marsh restoration, and competing management objectives among stakeholders resulted in management planning for endangered species or ecosystem restoration that favored one goal over the other. We have examined this perceived conflict and propose strategies for moderating harmful effects of restoration while meeting the needs of both endangered species and the imperiled native marsh ecosystem.
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