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Igs in vertebrates comprise equally sized H and L chains, with exceptions such as H chain–only Abs in camels or natural Ag receptors in sharks. In Reptilia, Igs are known as IgYs. Using immunoassays with isotype-specific mAbs, in this study we show that green turtles (Chelonia mydas) have a 5.7S 120-kDa IgY comprising two equally sized H/L chains with truncated Fc and a 7S 200-kDa IgY comprised of two differently sized H chains bound to L chains and apparently often noncovalently associated with an antigenically related 90-kDa moiety. Both the 200- and 90-kDa 7S molecules are made in response to specific Ag, although the 90-kDa molecule appears more prominent after chronic Ag stimulation. Despite no molecular evidence of a hinge, electron microscopy reveals marked flexibility of Fab arms of 7S and 5.7S IgY. Both IgY can be captured with protein G or melon gel, but less so with protein A. Thus, turtle IgY share some characteristics with mammalian IgG. However, the asymmetrical structure of some turtle Ig and the discovery of an Ig class indicative of chronic antigenic stimulation represent striking advances in our understanding of immunology.

","language":"English","publisher":"The American Association of Immunologists","doi":"10.4049/jimmunol.1501332","usgsCitation":"Work, T.M., Dagenais, J., Breeden, R., Schneemann, A., Sung, J., Hew, B., Balazs, G.H., and Berestecky, J.M., 2015, Green turtles (Chelonia mydas) have novel asymmetrical antibodies: Journal of Immunology, v. 195, no. 11, p. 5452-5460, https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1501332.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"5452","endPage":"5460","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065295","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311201,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"195","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5645c649e4b0e2669b30f203","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Work, Thierry M. 0000-0002-4426-9090 thierry_work@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-9090","contributorId":1187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"Thierry","email":"thierry_work@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dagenais, Julie 0000-0001-5560-9946 jdagenais@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5560-9946","contributorId":5955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dagenais","given":"Julie","email":"jdagenais@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Breeden, Renee 0000-0001-5910-3627 rbreeden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5910-3627","contributorId":149679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breeden","given":"Renee","email":"rbreeden@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schneemann, Anette","contributorId":149680,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schneemann","given":"Anette","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17779,"text":"Nano-Imaging Services, Inc., 10835 Road To The Cure, Ste. 150. San Diego, CA 92121, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sung, Joyce","contributorId":149681,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sung","given":"Joyce","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17780,"text":"2. Nano-Imaging Services, Inc., 10835 Road To The Cure, Ste. 150. San Diego, CA 92121, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hew, Brian","contributorId":149682,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hew","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17781,"text":"Microbiology, Math Science Department, Kapiolani Community College, 4303 Diamond Head Road Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96816, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Balazs, George H.","contributorId":88195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balazs","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Berestecky, John M.","contributorId":149683,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berestecky","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17781,"text":"Microbiology, Math Science Department, Kapiolani Community College, 4303 Diamond Head Road Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96816, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70159571,"text":"70159571 - 2015 - Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) dyad monthly association rates by demographic group.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-08T10:20:59","indexId":"70159571","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5015,"text":"Canadian Wildlife Biology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) dyad monthly association rates by demographic group.","docAbstract":"

Preliminary data from GPS-collared wolves (Canis lupus) in the Superior National Forest of northeastern Minnesota indicated wolves had low association rates with packmates during summer. However, aerial-telemetry locations of very high frequency (VHF)-radioed wolves in this same area showed high associations among packmates during winter. We analyzed aerial-telemetry-location data from VHF-collared wolves in several packs (n=18 dyads) in this same area from 1994-2012 by month, and found lowest association rates occurred during June. While other studies have found low association among wolf packmates during summer, information on differences in association patterns depending on the wolf associates’ demographics is sparse. During May-July, association rates were greatest for breeding pairs, followed by sibling dyads, and lowest for parent– offspring dyads. Our findings improve our understanding of how individual wolf relationships affect monthly association rates. We highlight some important remaining questions regarding wolf packmate associations.

","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Wildlife Biology and Management","usgsCitation":"Barber-Meyer, S., and Mech, L.D., 2015, Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) dyad monthly association rates by demographic group.: Canadian Wildlife Biology and Management, v. 4, no. 2, p. 163-168.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"163","endPage":"168","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065091","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323864,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":311109,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://cwbm.name/gray-wolf-canis-lupus-dyad-monthly-association-rates-by-demographic-group/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Superior National Forest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.845703125,\n 47.89148526708789\n ],\n [\n -91.845703125,\n 47.954064687296885\n ],\n [\n -91.73652648925781,\n 47.954064687296885\n ],\n [\n -91.73652648925781,\n 47.89148526708789\n ],\n [\n -91.845703125,\n 47.89148526708789\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57651f35e4b07657d19c78a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barber-Meyer, Shannon M. 0000-0002-3048-2616 sbarber-meyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3048-2616","contributorId":147904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber-Meyer","given":"Shannon M.","email":"sbarber-meyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":579521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70160379,"text":"70160379 - 2015 - Declining acidic deposition begins reversal of forest-soil acidification in the northeastern U.S. and eastern Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-18T14:45:15","indexId":"70160379","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Declining acidic deposition begins reversal of forest-soil acidification in the northeastern U.S. and eastern Canada","docAbstract":"

Decreasing trends in acidic deposition levels over the past several decades have led to partial chemical recovery of surface waters. However, depletion of soil Ca from acidic deposition has slowed surface water recovery and led to the impairment of both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Nevertheless, documentation of acidic deposition effects on soils has been limited, and little is known regarding soil responses to ongoing acidic deposition decreases. In this study, resampling of soils in eastern Canada and the northeastern U.S. was done at 27 sites exposed to reductions in wet SO42– deposition of 5.7–76%, over intervals of 8–24 y. Decreases of exchangeable Al in the O horizon and increases in pH in the O and B horizons were seen at most sites. Among all sites, reductions in SO42– deposition were positively correlated with ratios (final sampling/initial sampling) of base saturation (P < 0.01) and negatively correlated with exchangeable Al ratios (P < 0.05) in the O horizon. However, base saturation in the B horizon decreased at one-third of the sites, with no increases. These results are unique in showing that the effects of acidic deposition on North American soils have begun to reverse.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","publisherLocation":"Easton, PA","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b02904","collaboration":"New York State Energy Research and Development Authority; USGS","usgsCitation":"Lawrence, G.B., Hazlett, P.W., Fernandez, I.J., , O., Bailey, S.W., Shortle, W.C., Smith, K.T., and Antidormi, M.R., 2015, Declining acidic deposition begins reversal of forest-soil acidification in the northeastern U.S. and eastern Canada: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 49, no. 22, p. 13103-13111, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b02904.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"13103","endPage":"13111","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067512","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312540,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":312539,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.acs.org/action/doSearch?text1=declining+acidic+deposition+&=&field1=Title&type=within&publication=40025991"}],"country":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.02685546875,\n 43.8186748554532\n ],\n [\n -67.82958984375,\n 44.49650533109348\n ],\n [\n -68.02734375,\n 45.47554027158593\n ],\n [\n -71.630859375,\n 47.32393057095941\n ],\n [\n -78.3984375,\n 47.97521412341618\n ],\n [\n -84.287109375,\n 48.69096039092549\n ],\n [\n -91.20849609375,\n 50.72254683363231\n ],\n [\n -91.93359375,\n 50.17689812200105\n ],\n [\n -84.72656249999999,\n 47.025206001585396\n ],\n [\n -79.27734374999999,\n 45.85941212790755\n ],\n [\n -80.22216796875,\n 44.41808794374849\n ],\n [\n -81.89208984375,\n 43.992814500489914\n ],\n [\n -81.80419921875,\n 43.30919109985686\n ],\n [\n 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glawrenc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-2350","contributorId":867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Gregory","email":"glawrenc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":582919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hazlett, Paul W.","contributorId":101177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hazlett","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fernandez, Ivan J.","contributorId":80174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fernandez","given":"Ivan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":" Ouimet","contributorId":140810,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"given":"Ouimet","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13582,"text":"Director of Forestry Research, Dept of Natural Resources & Wildlife, Quebec, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bailey, Scott W. 0000-0002-9160-156X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9160-156X","contributorId":36840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shortle, Walter C.","contributorId":64130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shortle","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Smith, Kevin T.","contributorId":58512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Antidormi, Michael R. 0000-0002-3967-1173 mantidormi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3967-1173","contributorId":150722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Antidormi","given":"Michael","email":"mantidormi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":582926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70173836,"text":"70173836 - 2015 - Habitat selection and survival of pronghorn fawns at the Carrizo Plain National Monument, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-24T12:57:04","indexId":"70173836","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-22T18:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat selection and survival of pronghorn fawns at the Carrizo Plain National Monument, California","docAbstract":"On the Carrizo Plain National Monument (CPNM), California, little is\nknown about survival rates and habitat characteristics of pronghorn fawns\n(Antilocapra americana). A marked decline in pronghorn numbers on the\nCPNM (from approximately 200 to <30 individuals from 1989 to 2011)\nprompted a study of fawn habitat use and fawn survival from 2009 to\n2011. Only 45 fawns were born during this period. We attached GPS\ncollars to 44% of these fawns (<5 days-of-age). We then used the locations\nof collared fawns to develop two separate binary logistic regression\nmodels to explore the best combination of micro- and macrohabitat-scale\nenvironmental variables for predicting (1) fawn habitat selection and\n(2) fawn survival. Model results for habitat selection showed that fawn\nlocations were associated with increased concealment at close distances (5\nm and 50 m) and decreased concealment at far distances (100 m). Fawn\nlocations were on lower sloped terrain and closer to available drinking\nwater and saltbush (Atriplex spp.). Model results for fawn survival showed\nthat increased survival time was associated with higher sloped terrain,\nproximity to available drinking water and saltbush, and increased distance\nfrom high-use roads. Collectively, these results demonstrate that fawn\nhabitat selection is scale-dependent and likely influenced by the combined\nspatio-temporal needs of both females and their young. The results of this\nstudy can be used to inform critical management actions on the CPNM.","language":"English","publisher":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","usgsCitation":"Johnson, D.R., Longshore, K.M., Lowrey, C.E., and Thompson, D., 2015, Habitat selection and survival of pronghorn fawns at the Carrizo Plain National Monument, California: California Fish and Game, v. 101, no. 4, p. 267-279.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"267","endPage":"279","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070598","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324368,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":324367,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Publications/Journal/Contents"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Carrizo Plain National 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Longshore, Kathleen M. 0000-0001-6621-1271 longshore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6621-1271","contributorId":2677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longshore","given":"Kathleen","email":"longshore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":638593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lowrey, Chris E. 0000-0001-5084-7275 clowrey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5084-7275","contributorId":3225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowrey","given":"Chris","email":"clowrey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thompson, Daniel B.","contributorId":97829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Daniel B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70157183,"text":"sir20155127 - 2015 - Characteristics of sediment transport at selected sites along the Missouri River, 2011–12","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-22T15:08:55","indexId":"sir20155127","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-22T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5127","title":"Characteristics of sediment transport at selected sites along the Missouri River, 2011–12","docAbstract":"

Extreme flooding in the Missouri River in 2011, followed by a year of more typical streamflows in 2012, allowed the sediment-transport regime to be compared between the unprecedented conditions of 2011 and the year immediately following the flooding. As part of a cooperative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, this report follows up U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2013–5006 by comparing sediment transport between years and among sampling sites spanning the Garrison Segment in North Dakota, the Gavins Point Segment downstream from Lewis and Clark Lake, and a part of the Channelized Segment along the Nebraska-Iowa border. Suspended sediment, bed material, bedload, and streamflow data from June 2011 through November 2012 were designated as “measured” total loads, wash loads, and bed-material loads; and, alternatively, were applied to the Modified-Einstein Procedure to compute sediment loads that were designated as “estimated” total loads.

\n

Beyond the expected result that sediment loads were much lower during typical streamflows than those measured during the flooding, the measured data indicated some localized sediment-transport processes for further examination. Extreme and prolonged flooding can temporarily deplete sediment supplies locally, and evidence indicating such depletion was present at some sites. Unexpectedly high bed-material loads in the Gavins Point Segment may reflect episodic bar erosion just upstream from the sampling site. The relative contribution of bedload was typically 10 percent or less of the total load during the flooding. Following the flooding, this relative amount increased at some sites but not others, the reasons for which are possibly related to differences in stream velocity. Ultimately, the bedload decreased as it entered the Channelized Segment because of increased velocity and the turbulent mixing ability of the river as compared to the Gavins Point Segment. This turbulent mixing may also convert bed-material load into wash load, thereby rendering those sediments unavailable for creating sandbars and other bedforms. Though some of the sampling data support this premise, it was not consistently manifested by differences between the sediment load of the two segments during typical-streamflow conditions.

\n

The Modified-Einstein Procedure tended to predict greater total-sediment loads when compared to measured values. These differences may be the result of sediment deficits in the Missouri River that lead to an overprediction by the Modified-Einstein Procedure, the unsampled zone above the streambed that leads to an underprediction by the suspended sampler, or general uncertainty in the sampling approach. The differences between total-sediment load obtained through measurements and that estimated from applied theoretical procedures such as the Modified-Einstein Procedure pose a challenge for reliably characterizing total-sediment transport. Though it is not clear which of the two techniques is more accurate, the general tendency of the two to be within an order of magnitude of one another may be adequate for many sediment studies.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155127","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District","usgsCitation":"Rus, D.L., Galloway, J.M., and Alexander, J.S., 2015, Characteristics of sediment transport at selected sites along the Missouri River, 2011–12: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5127, 34 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155127.","productDescription":"v, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2011-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-055952","costCenters":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310206,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5127/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":310207,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5127/sir20155127.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.34 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5127"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Missouri River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.087890625,\n 38.685509760012\n ],\n [\n -93.42773437499999,\n 40.613952441166596\n ],\n [\n -95.2734375,\n 43.51668853502909\n ],\n [\n -97.18505859374999,\n 45.90529985724796\n ],\n [\n -101.162109375,\n 47.90161354142077\n ],\n [\n -102.9638671875,\n 47.79839667295524\n ],\n [\n -101.62353515625,\n 43.992814500489914\n ],\n [\n -97.53662109375,\n 41.77131167976407\n ],\n [\n -94.9658203125,\n 38.5825261593533\n ],\n [\n -92.08740234375,\n 38.16911413556086\n ],\n [\n -90,\n 38.444984668894705\n ],\n [\n -90.087890625,\n 38.685509760012\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Nebraska Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5231 South 19th Street
Lincoln, Nebraska 68512
http://ne.water.usgs.gov/

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"publishedDate":"2015-10-22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5629faa3e4b011227bf1fd16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rus, David L. 0000-0003-3538-7826 dlrus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3538-7826","contributorId":881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rus","given":"David","email":"dlrus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Galloway, Joel M. 0000-0002-9836-9724 jgallowa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9836-9724","contributorId":1562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galloway","given":"Joel","email":"jgallowa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alexander, Jason S. 0000-0002-1602-482X jalexand@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1602-482X","contributorId":2802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"Jason","email":"jalexand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":572176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70159298,"text":"70159298 - 2015 - Mapping forest functional type in a forest-shrubland ecotone using SPOT imagery and predictive habitat distribution modelling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-22T10:26:13","indexId":"70159298","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-22T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3251,"text":"Remote Sensing Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping forest functional type in a forest-shrubland ecotone using SPOT imagery and predictive habitat distribution modelling","docAbstract":"

The availability of land cover data at local scales is an important component in forest management and monitoring efforts. Regional land cover data seldom provide detailed information needed to support local management needs. Here we present a transferable framework to model forest cover by major plant functional type using aerial photos, multi-date Système Pour l’Observation de la Terre (SPOT) imagery, and topographic variables. We developed probability of occurrence models for deciduous broad-leaved forest and needle-leaved evergreen forest using logistic regression in the southern portion of the Wyoming Basin Ecoregion. The model outputs were combined into a synthesis map depicting deciduous and coniferous forest cover type. We evaluated the models and synthesis map using a field-validated, independent data source. Results showed strong relationships between forest cover and model variables, and the synthesis map was accurate with an overall correct classification rate of 0.87 and Cohen’s kappa value of 0.81. The results suggest our method adequately captures the functional type, size, and distribution pattern of forest cover in a spatially heterogeneous landscape.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/2150704X.2015.1072289","usgsCitation":"Assal, T.J., Anderson, P.J., and Sibold, J., 2015, Mapping forest functional type in a forest-shrubland ecotone using SPOT imagery and predictive habitat distribution modelling: Remote Sensing Letters, v. 6, no. 10, p. 755-764, https://doi.org/10.1080/2150704X.2015.1072289.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"755","endPage":"764","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066673","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310373,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Wyoming Basin Ecoregion","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.8740234375,\n 40.052847601823984\n ],\n [\n -110.8740234375,\n 41.9921602333763\n ],\n [\n -107.830810546875,\n 41.9921602333763\n ],\n [\n -107.830810546875,\n 40.052847601823984\n ],\n [\n -110.8740234375,\n 40.052847601823984\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5629faa5e4b011227bf1fd18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Assal, Timothy J. 0000-0001-6342-2954 assalt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6342-2954","contributorId":2203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Assal","given":"Timothy","email":"assalt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Patrick J. 0000-0003-2281-389X andersonpj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2281-389X","contributorId":3590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Patrick","email":"andersonpj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sibold, Jason","contributorId":10724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sibold","given":"Jason","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70157435,"text":"ofr20151162 - 2015 - U.S. Geological Survey Chesapeake science strategy, 2015-2025—Informing ecosystem management of America’s largest estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-02T13:51:41.782847","indexId":"ofr20151162","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-22T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1162","title":"U.S. Geological Survey Chesapeake science strategy, 2015-2025—Informing ecosystem management of America’s largest estuary","docAbstract":"

Executive Summary

\n

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has the critical role of providing scientific information to improve the understanding and management of the Chesapeake Bay ecosystem. The USGS works with Federal, State, and academic science partners to provide research and monitoring, and communicate results of these activities to enhance ecosystem management for both the Chesapeake and other National ecosystems. The USGS Chesapeake Science Strategy was prepared to guide science activities to address the Chesapeake Bay Watershed Agreement (2014–2025), to support the Department of the Interior (DOI) involvement in the Bay restoration efforts, and align with the USGS Mission Area (MA) Science strategies.

\n

The Chesapeake Bay is our Nation’s largest estuary, and provides critical goods and services to the people, fish, and wildlife that use the 64,000-square-mile watershed. The Chesapeake Bay watershed contains over 3,600 species of fish, wildlife, and plants and provides spawning grounds for many ecologically and economically important species including striped bass and blue crabs. The Bay watershed lies in the heart of the Atlantic Flyway and has 29 species of waterfowl, about 1 million of which winter in the region. The size of the Chesapeake seafood harvest is third in the Nation, only behind the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Along with agricultural production, tourism, and recreation, the estimated economic value of the services from the Chesapeake Bay watershed is about $100 billion annually. However, the health of the Bay ecosystem began to decline at the beginning of the 20th century due to overfishing and increasing human population and associated land change.

\n

The Chesapeake Bay Program (CBP) is the Federal-State cooperative effort that started in 1983 to restore the Bay and watershed. Given the ecological and economic importance of the Chesapeake ecosystem, President Obama issued an Executive Order (EO) in 2009 for increased Federal leadership in the CBP to enhance the pace of restoration, and the supporting strategy was released in 2010. The EO directed the Federal Government, including the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), represented by the National Park Service (NPS), the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (FWS), and the USGS, to expand its efforts and increase leadership to restore the Bay and its watershed. The USGS and other Federal agencies expanded their activities in 2011 to meet the President’s Chesapeake EO. Since the EO was released, there have been several important changes in the USGS, DOI, and the CBP including: (1) the Chesapeake Bay Watershed Agreement, (2) increased DOI leadership in the CBP, and (3) the release of the USGS MA science strategies. The EO strategy served as a foundation for the Chesapeake Bay Watershed Agreement that was signed in 2014 by the CBP Partners, and has goals and outcomes to be met by 2025.

\n

The USGS developed the Chesapeake Science Strategy to guide our activities to address the Chesapeake Bay Watershed Agreement, DOI leadership in the CBP, and USGS MA strategies. Improving the understanding of fish and wildlife population and health, and the factors affecting their condition is the emphasis of the Strategy. The science focuses on documenting the critical ecosystem connections in the Chesapeake, and providing implications to enhance decision making for restoration and conservation activities.

\n

The revised Strategy has four themes that address 7 of the 10 goals in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed Agreement:

\n\n

The structure and function of biological communities of the Bay and its watershed are extremely complex and are affected by a variety of stressors and conditions. To better define the issues being addressed, the USGS has developed cross-cutting questions that define some of the most important scientific challenges where multiple disciplines and collaborators are needed to address an issue. The initial questions include:

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Chesapeake Bay Coordinator
Northeast Region
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, Mail Stop 953
Reston, VA 20192
http://chesapeake.usgs.gov

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"publishedDate":"2015-10-22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5629faa6e4b011227bf1fd1c","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Phillips, Scott swphilli@usgs.gov","contributorId":3515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Scott","email":"swphilli@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":577982,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blomquist, Joel D. jdblomqu@usgs.gov","contributorId":3774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blomquist","given":"Joel D.","email":"jdblomqu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":577983,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Phillips, Scott swphilli@usgs.gov","contributorId":3515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Scott","email":"swphilli@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":573159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blomquist, Joel D. jdblomqu@usgs.gov","contributorId":3774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blomquist","given":"Joel D.","email":"jdblomqu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":573160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bennett, Mark mrbennet@usgs.gov","contributorId":2147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"Mark","email":"mrbennet@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":573168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Muir, Rachel rmuir@usgs.gov","contributorId":5823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muir","given":"Rachel","email":"rmuir@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Noe, Gregory E. 0000-0002-6661-2646 gnoe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-2646","contributorId":139100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noe","given":"Gregory","email":"gnoe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Phillips, Patrick J. pjphilli@usgs.gov","contributorId":856,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Patrick J.","email":"pjphilli@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":573171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70159328,"text":"70159328 - 2015 - Modeling the development of martian sublimation thermokarst landforms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-01T15:07:43","indexId":"70159328","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-22T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling the development of martian sublimation thermokarst landforms","docAbstract":"

Sublimation-thermokarst landforms result from collapse of the surface when ice is lost from the subsurface. On Mars, scalloped landforms with scales of decameters to kilometers are observed in the mid-latitudes and considered likely thermokarst features. We describe a landscape evolution model that couples diffusive mass movement and subsurface ice loss due to sublimation. Over periods of tens of thousands of Mars years under conditions similar to the present, the model produces scallop-like features similar to those on the Martian surface, starting from much smaller initial disturbances. The model also indicates crater expansion when impacts occur in surfaces underlain by excess ice to some depth, with morphologies similar to observed landforms on the Martian northern plains. In order to produce these landforms by sublimation, substantial quantities of excess ice are required, at least comparable to the vertical extent of the landform, and such ice must remain in adjacent terrain to support the non-deflated surface. We suggest that Martian thermokarst features are consistent with formation by sublimation, without melting, and that significant thicknesses of very clean excess ice (up to many tens of meters, the depth of some scalloped depressions) are locally present in the Martian mid-latitudes. Climate conditions leading to melting at significant depth are not required.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2015.07.033","usgsCitation":"Dundas, C.M., Byrne, S., and McEwen, A.S., 2015, Modeling the development of martian sublimation thermokarst landforms: Icarus, v. 262, p. 154-169, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2015.07.033.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"154","endPage":"169","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059092","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310327,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"262","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5629faa6e4b011227bf1fd1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dundas, Colin M. 0000-0003-2343-7224 cdundas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2343-7224","contributorId":2937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dundas","given":"Colin","email":"cdundas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Byrne, Shane","contributorId":53513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Byrne","given":"Shane","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McEwen, Alfred S.","contributorId":61657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McEwen","given":"Alfred","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70159972,"text":"70159972 - 2015 - Woodland salamander responses to a shelterwood harvest-prescribed burn silvicultural treatment within Appalachian mixed-oak forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-07T11:34:11","indexId":"70159972","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Woodland salamander responses to a shelterwood harvest-prescribed burn silvicultural treatment within Appalachian mixed-oak forests","docAbstract":"

Forest management practices that mimic natural canopy disturbances, including prescribed fire and timber harvests, may reduce competition and facilitate establishment of favorable vegetative species within various ecosystems. Fire suppression in the central Appalachian region for almost a century has contributed to a transition from oak-dominated to more mesophytic, fire-intolerant forest communities. Prescribed fire coupled with timber removal is currently implemented to aid in oak regeneration and establishment but responses of woodland salamanders to this complex silvicultural system is poorly documented. The purpose of our research was to determine how woodland salamanders respond to shelterwood harvests following successive burns in a central Appalachian mixed-oak forest. Woodland salamanders were surveyed using coverboard arrays in May, July, and August–September 2011 and 2012. Surveys were conducted within fenced shelterwood-burn (prescribed fires, shelterwood harvest, and fencing to prevent white-tailed deer [Odocoileus virginianus] herbivory), shelterwood-burn (prescribed fires and shelterwood harvest), and control plots. Relative abundance was modeled in relation to habitat variables measured within treatments for mountain dusky salamanders (Desmognathus ochrophaeus), slimy salamanders (Plethodon glutinosus), and eastern red-backed salamanders (Plethodon cinereus). Mountain dusky salamander relative abundance was positively associated with canopy cover and there were significantly more individuals within controls than either shelterwood-burn or fenced shelterwood-burn treatments. Conversely, habitat variables associated with slimy salamanders and eastern red-backed salamanders did not differ among treatments. Salamander age-class structure within controls did not differ from shelterwood-burn or fenced shelterwood-burn treatments for any species. Overall, the woodland salamander assemblage remained relatively intact throughout the shelterwoodburn silvicultural treatment compared to previous research within the same study area that examined pre-harvest fire effects. However, because of the multi-faceted complexities of this specific silvicultural system, continued research is warranted that evaluates long-term, additive impacts on woodland salamanders within managed central Appalachian deciduous forests.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2015.09.042","usgsCitation":"Ford, W.M., Mahoney, K.R., Russell, K.R., Rodrigue, J.L., Riddle, J.D., Schuler, T.M., and Adams, M.B., 2015, Woodland salamander responses to a shelterwood harvest-prescribed burn silvicultural treatment within Appalachian mixed-oak forests: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 359, p. 277-285, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2015.09.042.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"277","endPage":"285","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064028","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471710,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2015.09.042","text":"External Repository"},{"id":311940,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Fernow Experimental Forest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -79.66529846191406,\n 39.08850195155844\n ],\n [\n -79.67679977416992,\n 39.07331107941456\n ],\n [\n -79.64693069458006,\n 39.06038293728521\n ],\n [\n -79.63800430297852,\n 39.07704247384315\n ],\n [\n -79.64967727661133,\n 39.079974145329246\n ],\n [\n -79.65087890624999,\n 39.08557063444842\n ],\n [\n -79.66323852539062,\n 39.08836871251442\n ],\n [\n -79.66529846191406,\n 39.08850195155844\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"359","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5662c75be4b06a3ea36c67cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ford, W. Mark wford@usgs.gov","contributorId":3858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W.","email":"wford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":581333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mahoney, Kathleen R.","contributorId":150350,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mahoney","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Russell, Kevin R.","contributorId":150351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Russell","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rodrigue, Jane L.","contributorId":150352,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodrigue","given":"Jane","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Riddle, Jason D.","contributorId":146462,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Riddle","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schuler, Thomas M.","contributorId":150353,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schuler","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Adams, Mary Beth","contributorId":150354,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"Beth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70176592,"text":"70176592 - 2015 - Suspended-sediment dynamics in the tidal reach of a San Francisco Bay tributary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-22T09:52:22","indexId":"70176592","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2923,"text":"Ocean Dynamics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Suspended-sediment dynamics in the tidal reach of a San Francisco Bay tributary","docAbstract":"

To better understand suspended-sediment transport in a tidal slough adjacent to a large wetland restoration project, we deployed continuously measuring temperature, salinity, depth, turbidity, and velocity sensors in 2010 at a near-bottom location in Alviso Slough (Alviso, California, USA). Alviso Slough is the downstream reach of the Guadalupe River and flows into the far southern end of San Francisco Bay. River flow is influenced by the Mediterranean climate, with high flows (∼90 m3 s−1) correlated to episodic winter storms and low base flow (∼0.85 m3 s−1) during the summer. Storms and associated runoff have a large influence on sediment flux for brief periods, but the annual peak sediment concentrations in the slough, which occur in April and May, are similar to the rest of this part of the bay and are not directly related to peak discharge events. Strong spring tides promote a large upstream sediment flux as a front associated with the passage of a salt wedge during flood tide. Neap tides do not have flood-directed fronts, but a front seen sometimes during ebb tide appears to be associated with the breakdown of stratification in the slough. During neap tides, stratification likely suppresses sediment transport during weaker flood and ebb tides. The slough is flood dominant during spring tides, and ebb dominant during neap tides. Extreme events in landward (salt wedge) and bayward (rainfall events) suspended-sediment flux account for 5.0 % of the total sediment flux in the slough and only 0.55 % of the samples. The remaining 95 % of the total sediment flux is due to tidal transport, with an imbalance in the daily tidal transport producing net landward flux. Overall, net sediment transport during this study was landward indicating that sediment in the sloughs may not be flushed to the bay and are available for sedimentation in the adjacent marshes and ponds.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Berlin","doi":"10.1007/s10236-015-0876-0","collaboration":"California State Coastal Conservancy; US Army Corps of Engineers; the Regional Monitoring Program for Water Quality in San Francisco Bay; USGS Priority Ecosystems Science Program; Santa Clara Valley Water District","usgsCitation":"Shellenbarger, G., Downing-Kunz, M.A., and Schoellhamer, D., 2015, Suspended-sediment dynamics in the tidal reach of a San Francisco Bay tributary: Ocean Dynamics, v. 65, no. 11, p. 1477-1488, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10236-015-0876-0.","startPage":"1477","endPage":"1488","numberOfPages":"12","ipdsId":"IP-062309","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328852,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Alviso","otherGeospatial":"Alviso Slough","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.05741882324219,\n 37.397846264696724\n ],\n [\n -122.05741882324219,\n 37.47036222875846\n ],\n [\n -121.94412231445314,\n 37.47036222875846\n ],\n [\n -121.94412231445314,\n 37.397846264696724\n ],\n [\n -122.05741882324219,\n 37.397846264696724\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"65","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7ee36e4b0bc0bec09e90d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shellenbarger, Gregory gshellen@usgs.gov","contributorId":174805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shellenbarger","given":"Gregory","email":"gshellen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Downing-Kunz, Maureen A. 0000-0002-4879-0318 mdowning-kunz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4879-0318","contributorId":3690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downing-Kunz","given":"Maureen","email":"mdowning-kunz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70157499,"text":"ds965 - 2015 - Topographic and hydrographic survey data for the São Francisco River near Torrinha, Bahia, Brazil, 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-22T08:25:52","indexId":"ds965","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-21T16:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"965","title":"Topographic and hydrographic survey data for the São Francisco River near Torrinha, Bahia, Brazil, 2014","docAbstract":"

Navigable inland waterways, including lakes, rivers, and reservoirs, are important transportation routes for people and goods in Brazil. Natural and anthropogenic effects coupled with recent severe droughts have led to decreased inland waterway navigation. The Company for Development of the São Francisco and Parnaíba River Valleys (CODEVASF) has recognized the decrease in waterway navigation and is investing resources to help restore selected reaches of the São Francisco River for navigation. In 2011, CODEVASF signed an agreement with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) seeking technical assistance and engineering expertise in waterway navigation and bank stabilization. The Torrinha-Itacoatiara study reach near Torrinha, Bahia was 1 of 12 conceptual waterway navigation improvement feasibility studies and was the focus of this study. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the USACE and CODEVASF, collected topographic and hydrographic data from May 22 to June 12, 2014, to provide baseline data for supporting computational streamflow models.

\n

This report presents the surveying techniques and data-processing methods used to collect, process, and disseminate topographic and hydrographic data. All standard and non‑standard data-collection methods, techniques, and data process methods were documented. Additional discussion describes the quality-assurance and quality-control elements used in this study, along with the limitations for the Torrinha-Itacoatiara study reach data. The topographic and hydrographic geospatial data are published along with associated metadata.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds965","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the Company for Development of the São Francisco and Parnaiba River Valleys","usgsCitation":"Fosness, R.L., and Dietsch, B.J., 2015, Topographic and hydrographic survey data for the São Francisco River near Torrinha, Bahia, Brazil, 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 965, 28 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds965.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 28 p.; GIS Datasets","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2014-05-22","temporalEnd":"2014-06-12","ipdsId":"IP-063788","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310182,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0965/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":310183,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0965/ds0965.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 965 PDF"},{"id":310308,"rank":3,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0965/ds0965_table3.html","text":"GIS Datasets","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"GIS Datasets","linkHelpText":"Metadata, preview illustrations, and compressed geospatial data sets for the Torrinha-Itacoatiara feasibility study, São Francisco River near Torrinha, Bahia, Brazil, 2014."}],"country":"Brazil","state":"Bahia","city":"Torrinha","otherGeospatial":"São Francisco River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -43.385009765625,\n -11.549998444541838\n ],\n [\n -43.385009765625,\n -10.992423823549997\n ],\n [\n -42.9290771484375,\n -10.992423823549997\n ],\n [\n -42.9290771484375,\n -11.549998444541838\n ],\n [\n -43.385009765625,\n -11.549998444541838\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Idaho Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
230 Collins Road
Boise, Idaho 83702
http://id.water.usgs.gov

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"publishedDate":"2015-10-21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5628a91de4b0d158f5926bf7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fosness, Ryan L. 0000-0003-4089-2704 rfosness@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4089-2704","contributorId":2703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fosness","given":"Ryan","email":"rfosness@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dietsch, Benjamin J. 0000-0003-1090-409X bdietsch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1090-409X","contributorId":1346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietsch","given":"Benjamin","email":"bdietsch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70159173,"text":"sir20155149 - 2015 - Particle tracking for selected groundwater wells in the lower Yakima River Basin, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-22T08:17:56","indexId":"sir20155149","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-21T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5149","title":"Particle tracking for selected groundwater wells in the lower Yakima River Basin, Washington","docAbstract":"

The Yakima River Basin in south-central Washington has a long history of irrigated agriculture and a more recent history of large-scale livestock operations, both of which may contribute nutrients to the groundwater system. Nitrate concentrations in water samples from shallow groundwater wells in the lower Yakima River Basin exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency drinking-water standard, generating concerns that current applications of fertilizer and animal waste may be exceeding the rate at which plants can uptake nutrients, and thus contributing to groundwater contamination.

\n

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) recently completed a regional scale transient three-dimensional groundwater-flow model of the Yakima River Basin using MODFLOW-2000. The model was used with the USGS particle-tracking code MODPATH to generate advective flowpaths and associated travel times. Analyses used particle backtracking in time from September 2001 through 504 monthly stress periods to October 1959 or until pathlines terminated at a model boundary. The particle starting locations were assigned to 1,000 foot square computational model cells containing one or more of the 121 sampling locations with measured nitrate concentrations greater than the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency drinking-water standard for nitrate (10 milligrams per liter [mg/L]). Of the 2,403 particles, the simulated pathlines for 2,080 reached the water table within the 42-year simulation period, thus identifying the predicted recharge areas for those particles. The median horizontal straight-line distance was 13,194 feet between starting and ending locations for these particles and the median time-of-travel for particles that intersected the water table was 984 days. Well to water-table travel times for 75.4 percent of the particles were less than the average travel time of 3,749 days. Predicted recharge locations for all particles, including those that did not reach the water table in 42 years, were between 50 feet and 34 miles horizontal distance from their starting locations, with a median distance of less than 3 miles away.

\n

Generalized groundwater-flow directions in unconsolidated basin-fill deposits were towards the Yakima River, which acts as a local sink for shallow groundwater, and roughly parallel to topographic gradients. Particles backtracked from more shallow aquifer locations traveled shorter distances before reaching the water table than particles from deeper locations. Flowpaths for particles starting at wells completed in the basalt units underlying the basin-fill deposits sometimes were different than for wells with similar lateral locations but more shallow depths. In cases where backtracking particles reached geologic structures simulated as flow barriers, abrupt changes in direction in some particle pathlines suggest significant changes in simulated hydraulic gradients that may not accurately reflect actual conditions. Most groundwater wells sampled had associated zones of contribution within the Toppenish/Benton subbasin between the well and the nearest subbasin margin, but interpretation of these results for any specific well is likely to be complicated by the assumptions and simplifications inherent in the model construction process. Delineated zones of contribution for individual wells are sensitive to the depths assigned to the screened interval of the well, resulting in simulated areal extents of the zones of contribution to a discharging well that are elongated in the direction of groundwater flow.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155149","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Bachmann, M.P., 2015, Particle tracking for selected groundwater wells in the lower Yakima River Basin, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5149, 33 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155149.","productDescription":"v, 33 p.","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066526","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310287,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5149/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":310288,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5149/sir20155149.pdf","text":"Report","size":"13.5MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5149 Report PDF"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Yakima River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.95947265624999,\n 45.935870621190546\n ],\n [\n -120.95947265624999,\n 46.58529390583601\n ],\n [\n -119.53125,\n 46.58529390583601\n ],\n [\n -119.53125,\n 45.935870621190546\n ],\n [\n -120.95947265624999,\n 45.935870621190546\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Washington Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
934 Broadway, Suite 300
Tacoma, Washington 98402
http://wa.water.usgs.gov

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"publishedDate":"2015-10-21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5628a91ce4b0d158f5926bf5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bachmann, Matthew P. mbachman@usgs.gov","contributorId":5348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bachmann","given":"Matthew","email":"mbachman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70157347,"text":"ds963 - 2015 - Water-level data for the Albuquerque Basin and adjacent areas, central New Mexico, period of record through September 30, 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-26T14:13:53.707874","indexId":"ds963","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-21T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"963","displayTitle":"Water-Level Data for the Albuquerque Basin and Adjacent Areas, Central New Mexico, Period of Record Through September 30, 2014","title":"Water-level data for the Albuquerque Basin and adjacent areas, central New Mexico, period of record through September 30, 2014","docAbstract":"

The Albuquerque Basin, located in central New Mexico, is about 100 miles long and 25–40 miles wide. The basin is hydrologically defined as the extent of consolidated and unconsolidated deposits of Tertiary and Quaternary age that encompasses the structural Rio Grande Rift. Drinking-water supplies throughout the basin were obtained solely from groundwater resources until December 2008, when treatment and distribution of surface water from the Rio Grande through the San Juan-Chama Drinking Water Project began. A 20-percent population increase in the basin from 1990 to 2000 and a 22-percent population increase from 2000 to 2010 resulted in an increased demand for water.

An initial network of wells was established by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the City of Albuquerque from April 1982 through September 1983 to monitor changes in groundwater levels throughout the basin. This network consisted of 6 wells with analog-to-digital recorders and 27 wells where water levels were measured monthly in 1983. The network currently (2014) consists of 125 wells and piezometers. (A piezometer is a specialized well open to a specific depth in the aquifer, often of small diameter and nested with other piezometers open to different depths.) The USGS, in cooperation with the Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority, currently (2014) measures and reports water levels from the 125 wells and piezometers in the network; this report presents water-level data collected by USGS personnel at those 125 sites through water year 2014 (October 1, 2013, to September 30, 2014).

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds963","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority","usgsCitation":"Beman, J.E., 2015, Water-level data for the Albuquerque Basin and adjacent areas, central New Mexico, period of record through September 30, 2014 (ver. 1.1, August 2021): U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 963, 42 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds963.","productDescription":"iii, 42 p.","numberOfPages":"49","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063333","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388362,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0963/ds963.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.12 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 963"},{"id":388363,"rank":2,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0963/versionHist.txt","text":"Version History","size":"535 B","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"DS 963 Version History"},{"id":388485,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0963/coverthb2.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.03955078125,\n 34.252676117101515\n ],\n [\n -108.03955078125,\n 36.20882309283712\n ],\n [\n -106.23779296875,\n 36.20882309283712\n ],\n [\n -106.23779296875,\n 34.252676117101515\n ],\n [\n -108.03955078125,\n 34.252676117101515\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.1: August 2021","contact":"

Director, New Mexico Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6700 Edith Blvd. NE
Albuquerque, NM 87113

","tableOfContents":"\n

 

","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"publishedDate":"2015-10-21","revisedDate":"2021-08-25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5628a91ee4b0d158f5926bf9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beman, Joseph E. 0000-0002-0689-029X jebeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0689-029X","contributorId":2619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beman","given":"Joseph","email":"jebeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70157556,"text":"tm11B7 - 2015 - 1-Meter Digital Elevation Model specification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-22T09:41:01","indexId":"tm11B7","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-21T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"11-B7","title":"1-Meter Digital Elevation Model specification","docAbstract":"

In January 2015, the U.S. Geological Survey National Geospatial Technical Operations Center began producing the 1-Meter Digital Elevation Model data product. This new product was developed to provide high resolution bare-earth digital elevation models from light detection and ranging (lidar) elevation data and other elevation data collected over the conterminous United States (lower 48 States), Hawaii, and potentially Alaska and the U.S. territories. The 1-Meter Digital Elevation Model consists of hydroflattened, topographic bare-earth raster digital elevation models, with a 1-meter x 1-meter cell size, and is available in 10,000-meter x 10,000-meter square blocks with a 6-meter overlap. This report details the specifications required for the production of the 1-Meter Digital Elevation Model.

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section B: U.S. Geological Survey Standards in Book 11: Collection and Delineation of Spatial Data","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm11B7","usgsCitation":"Arundel, S.T., Archuleta, C.M., Phillips, L.A., Roche, B.L., and Constance, E.W., 2015, 1-meter digital elevation model specification: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, book 11, chap. B7, 25 p. with appendixes, https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/tm11B7.","productDescription":"vi, 25 p.","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066922","costCenters":[{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310105,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/11/b07/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":310106,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/11/b07/tm11-b7.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.35 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"T&M 11–B7"}],"publicComments":"This report is Chapter 7 of Section B: U.S. Geological Survey Standards in Book 11: Collection and Delineation of Spatial Data","contact":"

Director, National Geospatial Technical Operations Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1400 Independence Road
Rolla, MO 65401–2602
http://ngtoc.usgs.gov/

","tableOfContents":"\n

 

","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"publishedDate":"2015-10-21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5628a91ce4b0d158f5926bf3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arundel, Samantha T. sarundel@usgs.gov","contributorId":4920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arundel","given":"Samantha","email":"sarundel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":573588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Archuleta, Christy-Ann M. 0000-0002-4522-8573 carchule@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4522-8573","contributorId":2128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Archuleta","given":"Christy-Ann","email":"carchule@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":573593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Phillips, Lori A. 0000-0002-9299-5134 lphillips@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9299-5134","contributorId":5185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Lori","email":"lphillips@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roche, Brittany L. broche@usgs.gov","contributorId":148003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roche","given":"Brittany L.","email":"broche@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":573590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Constance, Eric W. 0000-0001-9687-7066 econstance@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9687-7066","contributorId":2056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Constance","given":"Eric","email":"econstance@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":404,"text":"NGTOC Rolla","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70168439,"text":"70168439 - 2015 - Projected future vegetation changes for the northwest United States and southwest Canada at a fine spatial resolution using a dynamic global vegetation model.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-17T08:47:53","indexId":"70168439","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Projected future vegetation changes for the northwest United States and southwest Canada at a fine spatial resolution using a dynamic global vegetation model.","docAbstract":"

Future climate change may significantly alter the distributions of many plant taxa. The effects of climate change may be particularly large in mountainous regions where climate can vary significantly with elevation. Understanding potential future vegetation changes in these regions requires methods that can resolve vegetation responses to climate change at fine spatial resolutions. We used LPJ, a dynamic global vegetation model, to assess potential future vegetation changes for a large topographically complex area of the northwest United States and southwest Canada (38.0–58.0°N latitude by 136.6–103.0°W longitude). LPJ is a process-based vegetation model that mechanistically simulates the effect of changing climate and atmospheric CO2 concentrations on vegetation. It was developed and has been mostly applied at spatial resolutions of 10-minutes or coarser. In this study, we used LPJ at a 30-second (~1-km) spatial resolution to simulate potential vegetation changes for 2070–2099. LPJ was run using downscaled future climate simulations from five coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation models (CCSM3, CGCM3.1(T47), GISS-ER, MIROC3.2(medres), UKMO-HadCM3) produced using the A2 greenhouse gases emissions scenario. Under projected future climate and atmospheric CO2 concentrations, the simulated vegetation changes result in the contraction of alpine, shrub-steppe, and xeric shrub vegetation across the study area and the expansion of woodland and forest vegetation. Large areas of maritime cool forest and cold forest are simulated to persist under projected future conditions. The fine spatial-scale vegetation simulations resolve patterns of vegetation change that are not visible at coarser resolutions and these fine-scale patterns are particularly important for understanding potential future vegetation changes in topographically complex areas.

","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0138759","usgsCitation":"Shafer, S., Bartlein, P.J., Gray, E.M., and Pelltier, R.T., 2015, Projected future vegetation changes for the northwest United States and southwest Canada at a fine spatial resolution using a dynamic global vegetation model.: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 10, e0138759, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0138759.","productDescription":"e0138759, 21 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051960","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471711,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0138759","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438677,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F73X84PH","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"LPJ biomes (30-year mean) simulated using monthly historical (1901-2000) CRU TS 2.1 climate data and projected future (2001-2099) CMIP3 A2 and A1B simulated climate data on a 30-second grid of the northwest United States and southwest Canada, version 1.0"},{"id":438676,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7CF9N51","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Bioclimatic variables calculated from statistically-downscaled historical (1901-2000) CRU TS 2.1 climate data and projected future (2001-2099) CMIP3 A2 and A1B simulated climate data on a 30-second grid of the northwest United States and southwest Canada, version 1.0"},{"id":438675,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7H70CWW","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Statistically-downscaled monthly historical (1901-2000) CRU TS 2.1 and projected future (2001-2099) CMIP3 A2 and A1B simulated temperature, precipitation, and sunshine data on a 30-second grid of the northwest United States and southwest Canada, version 1.0"},{"id":318024,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -136.6,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -136.6,\n 58\n ],\n [\n -103,\n 58\n ],\n [\n -103,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -136.6,\n 38\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c304cce4b0946c652087b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shafer, Sarah 0000-0003-3739-2637 sshafer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3739-2637","contributorId":149866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafer","given":"Sarah","email":"sshafer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bartlein, Patrick J.","contributorId":106879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartlein","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gray, Elizabeth M.","contributorId":166817,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gray","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24533,"text":"The Nature Conservancy of Maryland/DC, Bethesda, Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pelltier, Richard T. 0000-0001-8322-7961 rtpelltier@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8322-7961","contributorId":4683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pelltier","given":"Richard","email":"rtpelltier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159179,"text":"ofr20151201 - 2015 - Preliminary peak stage and streamflow data at selected USGS streamgaging stations for the South Carolina flood of October 2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-24T16:43:35.91342","indexId":"ofr20151201","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-20T17:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1201","title":"Preliminary peak stage and streamflow data at selected USGS streamgaging stations for the South Carolina flood of October 2015","docAbstract":"

Heavy rainfall occurred across South Carolina during October 1–5, 2015, as a result of an upper atmospheric low-pressure system that funneled tropical moisture from Hurricane Joaquin into the State. The storm caused major flooding from the central to the coastal areas of South Carolina. Almost 27 inches of rain fell near Mount Pleasant in Charleston County during this period. U.S. Geological Survey streamgages recorded peaks of record at 17 locations, and 15 other locations had peaks that ranked in the top 5 for the period of record. During the October 2015 flood event, U.S. Geological Survey personnel made about 140 streamflow measurements at 86 locations to verify, update, or extend existing rating curves, which are used to compute streamflow from monitored river stage.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151201","usgsCitation":"Feaster, T.D., Shelton, J.M., and Robbins, J.C., 2015, Preliminary peak stage and streamflow data at selected USGS streamgaging stations for the South Carolina flood of October 2015 (ver. 1.1, November 2015): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1201, 19 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151201.","productDescription":"iv, 19 p.","numberOfPages":"28","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069972","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311080,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1201/versionHist.txt","text":"Open-File Report 2015-1201, Version 1.1","size":"1.11 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"OFR 2015-1201"},{"id":310064,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1201/ofr20151201.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.69 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1201"},{"id":310063,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1201/coverthb1.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.50830078125,\n 33.8521697014074\n ],\n [\n -79.683837890625,\n 34.813803317113155\n ],\n [\n -80.67260742187499,\n 34.813803317113155\n ],\n [\n -80.91430664062499,\n 35.10193405724606\n ],\n [\n -81.0791015625,\n 35.18278813800229\n ],\n [\n -82.41943359375,\n 35.24561909420681\n ],\n [\n -83.111572265625,\n 35.038992046780784\n ],\n [\n -83.29833984375,\n 34.90395296559004\n ],\n [\n -83.397216796875,\n 34.74161249883172\n ],\n [\n -83.001708984375,\n 34.46127728843708\n ],\n [\n -82.913818359375,\n 34.488447837809304\n ],\n [\n -82.781982421875,\n 34.31621838080741\n ],\n [\n -82.7490234375,\n 34.098159345215535\n ],\n [\n -82.584228515625,\n 33.90689555128866\n ],\n [\n -82.254638671875,\n 33.75174787568194\n ],\n [\n -82.2216796875,\n 33.58716733904656\n ],\n [\n -82.012939453125,\n 33.486435450999885\n ],\n [\n -81.968994140625,\n 33.348884792201694\n ],\n [\n -81.76025390625,\n 33.119150226768866\n ],\n [\n -81.529541015625,\n 33.03629817885956\n ],\n [\n -81.485595703125,\n 32.7872745269555\n ],\n [\n -81.463623046875,\n 32.59310597426537\n ],\n [\n -81.298828125,\n 32.50049648924482\n ],\n [\n -81.14501953125,\n 32.35212281198644\n ],\n [\n -81.1669921875,\n 32.18491105051798\n ],\n [\n -80.92529296875,\n 31.924192605327708\n ],\n [\n -80.628662109375,\n 32.287132632616355\n ],\n [\n -80.452880859375,\n 32.31499127724556\n ],\n [\n -80.364990234375,\n 32.41706632846282\n ],\n [\n -80.1123046875,\n 32.59310597426537\n ],\n [\n -79.991455078125,\n 32.602361666817515\n ],\n [\n -79.881591796875,\n 32.713355353177555\n ],\n [\n -79.73876953125,\n 32.82421110161336\n ],\n [\n -79.376220703125,\n 32.99945000822839\n ],\n [\n -79.1455078125,\n 33.211116472416855\n ],\n [\n -79.12353515625,\n 33.367237465838315\n ],\n [\n -78.958740234375,\n 33.568861182555565\n ],\n [\n -78.804931640625,\n 33.715201644740844\n ],\n [\n -78.64013671875,\n 33.815666308702774\n ],\n [\n -78.50830078125,\n 33.8521697014074\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1: Originally posted October 20, 2015; Version 1.1: November 9, 2015","contact":"

Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Columbia, SC 29210
http://sc.water.usgs.gov

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"publishedDate":"2015-10-20","revisedDate":"2015-11-09","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562757a9e4b0d158f5926507","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feaster, Toby D. tfeaster@usgs.gov","contributorId":127828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feaster","given":"Toby D.","email":"tfeaster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":577751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shelton, John M. 0000-0002-4787-9572 jmshelto@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4787-9572","contributorId":1751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelton","given":"John","email":"jmshelto@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robbins, Jeanne C. 0000-0001-7804-0764 jrobbins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7804-0764","contributorId":1586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"Jeanne","email":"jrobbins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70175556,"text":"70175556 - 2015 - Linking microbial community structure and microbial processes: An empirical and conceptual overview","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-23T11:23:29","indexId":"70175556","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-20T17:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1619,"text":"FEMS Microbiology Ecology","onlineIssn":"1574-6941","printIssn":"0168-6496","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking microbial community structure and microbial processes: An empirical and conceptual overview","docAbstract":"

A major goal of microbial ecology is to identify links between microbial community structure and microbial processes. Although this objective seems straightforward, there are conceptual and methodological challenges to designing studies that explicitly evaluate this link. Here, we analyzed literature documenting structure and process responses to manipulations to determine the frequency of structure-process links and whether experimental approaches and techniques influence link detection. We examined nine journals (published 2009–13) and retained 148 experimental studies measuring microbial community structure and processes. Many qualifying papers (112 of 148) documented structure and process responses, but few (38 of 112 papers) reported statistically testing for a link. Of these tested links, 75% were significant and typically used Spearman or Pearson's correlation analysis (68%). No particular approach for characterizing structure or processes was more likely to produce significant links. Process responses were detected earlier on average than responses in structure or both structure and process. Together, our findings suggest that few publications report statistically testing structure-process links. However, when links are tested for they often occur but share few commonalities in the processes or structures that were linked and the techniques used for measuring them.

","language":"English","publisher":"Federation of European Microbiological Societies","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1093/femsec/fiv113","usgsCitation":"Bier, R., Bernhardt, E.S., Boot, C.M., Graham, E.B., Hall, E.K., Lennon, J.T., Nemergut, D.R., Osborne, B.B., Ruiz-Gonzalez, C., Schimel, J.P., Waldrop, M.P., and Wallenstein, M.D., 2015, Linking microbial community structure and microbial processes: An empirical and conceptual overview: FEMS Microbiology Ecology, v. 91, no. 10, Article fiv113; 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiv113.","productDescription":"Article fiv113; 11 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066451","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471713,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index 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Univerisity","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":645673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boot, Claudia M.","contributorId":167200,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boot","given":"Claudia","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":645674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graham, Emily B.","contributorId":202683,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Graham","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hall, Edward K. ehall@usgs.gov","contributorId":4837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"Edward","email":"ehall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":645676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lennon, Jay 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Montreal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":645680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Schimel, Joshua P.","contributorId":90102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schimel","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Waldrop, Mark P. 0000-0003-1829-7140 mwaldrop@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-7140","contributorId":1599,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waldrop","given":"Mark","email":"mwaldrop@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":645671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Wallenstein, Matthew 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From 2000 to 2011, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted 139 quantitative assessments of continuous (unconventional) oil and gas accumulations within the United States. This report documents those assessments more fully than previously done by providing detailed documentation of both the assessment input and output. This report also compiles the data into spreadsheet tables that can be more readily used to provide analogs for future assessments, especially for hypothetical continuous accumulations.

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States\"}}]}","contact":"

Director, Central Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-939
Denver Federal Center
Denver, CO 80225-0046
http://energy.usgs.gov/

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"publishedDate":"2015-10-20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562757abe4b0d158f592650d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Continuous Resources Assessment Team","contributorId":149196,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Continuous Resources Assessment Team","id":577266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159045,"text":"ofr20141123 - 2015 - Uranium in the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative study area, southwestern Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-21T09:19:01","indexId":"ofr20141123","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-20T16:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1123","title":"Uranium in the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative study area, southwestern Wyoming","docAbstract":"

Wyoming has led the nation as the producer of uranium ore since 1995 and contains the largest reserves of any state. Approximately one third of Wyoming’s total production came from deposits in, or immediately adjacent to, the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative (WLCI) study area in the southwestern corner of the state including all of Carbon, Lincoln, Sublette, Sweetwater, Uinta, and parts of southern Fremont Counties. Conventional open-pit and underground mining methods were employed in the study area until the early 1990s. Since the early 1990s, all uranium mining has been by in-situ recovery (also called in-situ leach). It is estimated that statewide remaining resources of 141,000 tonnes of uranium are about twice the 84,000 tonnes of uranium that the state has already produced.

\n

An evaluation of the mineral commodities present in the WLCI study area that may have a role in the development of southwest Wyoming includes uranium. The WLCI study area contains five uranium mineralized areas: Ketchum Buttes, Poison Basin, Shirley Basin, the southern part of Crooks Gap–Green Mountain, and most of Great Divide Basin. Mineralized areas described in the report and outlined on an accompanying map are based on the presence of either contiguous claim blocks, continuous mineralization adjacent to prospective uranium properties, suggestions of mineralization based on site entries in the U.S. Geological Survey’s Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS), or extension of geologic host units or structures. Mineralized areas are not the same as mining districts: the latter have defined administrative boundaries.

\n

In the WLCI study area, all uranium areas except Poison Basin and Ketchum Buttes contain roll-front deposits in Eocene (56–34 Ma) sedimentary rocks. Tabular sandstone-hosted uranium deposits are also recognized within the study area.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141123","usgsCitation":"Wilson, A.B., 2015, Uranium in the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative Study Area, southwestern Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014–1123, 33 p., 1 plate, https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141123.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 33 p.; Plate: 35 x 28 inches; Appendixes A-B","numberOfPages":"37","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-040674","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309981,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1123/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":309986,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1123/pdf/AppendixB_MRDS_Database_User_Manual_Explanation.pdf","text":"Appendix B","size":"367 kB","description":"OFR 2014-1123 Appendix B","linkHelpText":"
Metadata"},{"id":309982,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1123/pdf/ofr20141123.pdf","text":"Report","size":"14.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2014-1123"},{"id":309984,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1123/pdf/AppendixA_WLCI_MRDS_uranium.pdf","text":"Appendix A","size":"8.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2014-1123 Appendix A","linkHelpText":"
Carbon County (xls)
Sweetwater County (xls)
Sublette County (xls)
Lincoln County (xls)
Uinta County (xls)
Fremont County (xls)"},{"id":309983,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1123/pdf/ofr20141123_plate1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"373 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2014-1123 Plate 1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative Study Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.05529785156249,\n 43.281204464332745\n ],\n [\n -111.0443115234375,\n 43.12103377575541\n ],\n [\n -111.0333251953125,\n 40.9964840143779\n ],\n [\n -105.99609375,\n 41.00477542222949\n ],\n [\n -105.97961425781249,\n 42.71069600569494\n ],\n [\n -108.5888671875,\n 42.73087427928485\n ],\n [\n -109.720458984375,\n 43.56845179881218\n ],\n [\n -110.51696777343749,\n 43.55651037504758\n ],\n [\n -111.03881835937499,\n 43.51668853502909\n ],\n [\n -111.05529785156249,\n 43.281204464332745\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS–973
Denver, CO 80225
http://minerals.cr.usgs.gov/

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"publishedDate":"2015-10-20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562757abe4b0d158f592650f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Anna B. 0000-0002-9737-2614 awilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9737-2614","contributorId":1619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Anna","email":"awilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159278,"text":"70159278 - 2015 - Monitoring, field experiments, and geochemical modeling of Fe(II) oxidation kinetics in a stream dominated by net-alkaline coal-mine drainage, Pennsylvania, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-19T18:38:59","indexId":"70159278","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-20T15:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring, field experiments, and geochemical modeling of Fe(II) oxidation kinetics in a stream dominated by net-alkaline coal-mine drainage, Pennsylvania, USA","docAbstract":"

Watershed-scale monitoring, field aeration experiments, and geochemical equilibrium and kinetic modeling were conducted to evaluate interdependent changes in pH, dissolved CO2, O2, and Fe(II) concentrations that typically take place downstream of net-alkaline, circumneutral coal-mine drainage (CMD) outfalls and during aerobic treatment of such CMD. The kinetic modeling approach, using PHREEQC, accurately simulates observed variations in pH, Fe(II) oxidation, alkalinity consumption, and associated dissolved gas concentrations during transport downstream of the CMD outfalls (natural attenuation) and during 6-h batch aeration tests on the CMD using bubble diffusers (enhanced attenuation). The batch aeration experiments demonstrated that aeration promoted CO2 outgassing, thereby increasing pH and the rate of Fe(II) oxidation. The rate of Fe(II) oxidation was accurately estimated by the abiotic homogeneous oxidation rate law −d[Fe(II)]/dt = k1·[O2]·[H+]−2·[Fe(II)] that indicates an increase in pH by 1 unit at pH 5–8 and at constant dissolved O2 (DO) concentration results in a 100-fold increase in the rate of Fe(II) oxidation. Adjusting for sample temperature, a narrow range of values for the apparent homogeneous Fe(II) oxidation rate constant (k1′) of 0.5–1.7 times the reference value of k1 = 3 × 10−12 mol/L/min (for pH 5–8 and 20 °C), reported by Stumm and Morgan (1996), was indicated by the calibrated models for the 5-km stream reach below the CMD outfalls and the aerated CMD. The rates of CO2 outgassing and O2ingassing in the model were estimated with first-order asymptotic functions, whereby the driving force is the gradient of the dissolved gas concentration relative to equilibrium with the ambient atmosphere. Although the progressive increase in DO concentration to saturation could be accurately modeled as a kinetic function for the conditions evaluated, the simulation of DO as an instantaneous equilibrium process did not affect the model results for Fe(II) or pH. In contrast, the model results for pH and Fe(II) were sensitive to the CO2 mass transfer rate constant (kL,CO2a). The value of kL,CO2a estimated for the stream (0.010 min−1) was within the range for the batch aeration experiments (0–0.033 min−1). These results indicate that the abiotic homogeneous Fe(II) oxidation rate law, with adjustments for variations in temperature and CO2 outgassing rate, may be applied to predict changes in aqueous iron and pH for net-alkaline, ferruginous waters within a stream (natural conditions) or a CMD treatment system (engineered conditions).

","language":"English","publisher":"Pergamon","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.02.009","usgsCitation":"Cravotta, C.A., 2015, Monitoring, field experiments, and geochemical modeling of Fe(II) oxidation kinetics in a stream dominated by net-alkaline coal-mine drainage, Pennsylvania, USA: Applied Geochemistry, v. 62, p. 96-107, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.02.009.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"96","endPage":"107","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056783","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310196,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Schuylkill River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.05422973632812,\n 40.84446321237158\n ],\n [\n -76.11465454101562,\n 40.84342432639293\n ],\n [\n -76.18125915527344,\n 40.82991732677595\n ],\n [\n -76.27120971679688,\n 40.80809251416925\n ],\n [\n -76.3165283203125,\n 40.78626052122175\n ],\n [\n -76.33987426757812,\n 40.7519385984599\n ],\n [\n -76.35017395019531,\n 40.71343536379427\n ],\n [\n -76.35223388671875,\n 40.66918118282895\n ],\n [\n -76.33026123046874,\n 40.617079816381285\n ],\n [\n -76.30691528320311,\n 40.594663726004995\n ],\n [\n -76.27052307128906,\n 40.57849862511043\n ],\n [\n -76.21147155761719,\n 40.560764667193595\n ],\n [\n -76.14761352539062,\n 40.565981025008355\n ],\n [\n -76.09130859375,\n 40.58162765924269\n ],\n [\n -76.04667663574219,\n 40.613952441166596\n ],\n [\n -75.97457885742188,\n 40.66657708045136\n ],\n [\n -75.95878601074219,\n 40.71499673906409\n ],\n [\n -75.95466613769531,\n 40.75453936473234\n ],\n [\n -75.94917297363281,\n 40.809391811146064\n ],\n [\n -75.96256256103516,\n 40.824201998489876\n ],\n [\n -75.97766876220703,\n 40.83745041598948\n ],\n [\n -76.01303100585938,\n 40.844982649254064\n ],\n [\n -76.05422973632812,\n 40.84446321237158\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"62","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562757a6e4b0d158f5926501","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cravotta, Charles A. III, 0000-0003-3116-4684 cravotta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3116-4684","contributorId":2193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cravotta","given":"Charles","suffix":"III,","email":"cravotta@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":577954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159199,"text":"70159199 - 2015 - Taking a systems approach to ecological systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-11T15:39:13","indexId":"70159199","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-20T15:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2490,"text":"Journal of Vegetation Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Taking a systems approach to ecological systems","docAbstract":"

Increasingly, there is interest in a systems-level understanding of ecological problems, which requires the evaluation of more complex, causal hypotheses. In this issue of the Journal of Vegetation Science, Soliveres et al. use structural equation modeling to test a causal network hypothesis about how tree canopies affect understorey communities. Historical analysis suggests structural equation modeling has been under-utilized in ecology.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jvs.12340","usgsCitation":"Grace, J.B., 2015, Taking a systems approach to ecological systems: Journal of Vegetation Science, v. 26, no. 6, p. 1025-1027, https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12340.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1025","endPage":"1027","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067715","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471714,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12340","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":310194,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562757a9e4b0d158f5926509","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grace, James B. 0000-0001-6374-4726 gracej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6374-4726","contributorId":884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grace","given":"James","email":"gracej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70158973,"text":"ofr20151199 - 2015 - Near-field receiving water monitoring of trace metals and a benthic community near the Palo Alto Regional Water Quality Control Plant in south San Francisco Bay, California: 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-20T14:53:22","indexId":"ofr20151199","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-20T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1199","title":"Near-field receiving water monitoring of trace metals and a benthic community near the Palo Alto Regional Water Quality Control Plant in south San Francisco Bay, California: 2014","docAbstract":"

Trace-metal concentrations in sediment and in the clam Macoma petalum (formerly reported as Macoma balthica), clam reproductive activity, and benthic macroinvertebrate community structure were investigated in a mudflat 1 kilometer (km) south of the discharge of the Palo Alto Regional Water Quality Control Plant (PARWQCP) in South San Francisco Bay, Calif. This report includes the data collected by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists for the period January 2014 to December 2014. These append to long-term datasets extending back to 1974, and serve as the basis for the City of Palo Alto’s Near-Field Receiving Water Monitoring Program, initiated in 1994. 

\n

Following significant reductions in the late 1980s, silver (Ag) and copper (Cu) concentrations in sediment and M. petalum appear to have stabilized. Data for other metals, including chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn), have been collected since 1994. Over this period, concentrations of these elements have remained relatively constant, aside from seasonal variation that is common to all elements. In 2014, concentrations of Ag and Cu in M. petalum varied seasonally in response to a combination of site-specific metal exposures and annual growth and reproduction, as reported previously. Seasonal patterns for other elements, including Cr, Ni, Zn, Hg, and Se, were generally similar in timing and magnitude as those for Ag and Cu. In M. petalum, all observed elements showed annual maxima in January–February and minima in April, except for Zn, which was lowest in December. In sediments, annual maxima also occurred in January–February, and minima were measured in June and September. In 2014, metal concentrations in both sediments and clam tissue were among the lowest on record. This record suggests that regional-scale factors now largely control sedimentary and bioavailable concentrations of Ag and Cu, as well as other elements of regulatory interest, at the Palo Alto site. 

\n

Analyses of the benthic community structure of a mudflat in South San Francisco Bay over a 40-year period show that changes in the community have occurred concurrent with reduced concentrations of metals in the sediment and in the tissues of the biosentinel clam, M. petalum, from the same area. Analysis of M. petalum shows increases in reproductive activity concurrent with the decline in metal concentrations in the tissues of this organism. Reproductive activity is presently stable (2014), with almost all animals initiating reproduction in the fall and spawning the following spring. The entire infaunal community has shifted from being dominated by several opportunistic species to a community where the species are more similar in abundance, a pattern that indicates a more stable community that is subjected to fewer stressors. In addition, two of the opportunistic species (Ampelisca abdita and Streblospio benedicti) that brood their young and live on the surface of the sediment in tubes have shown a continual decline in dominance coincident with the decline in metals; both species had short-lived rebounds in abundance in 2008, 2009, and 2010. Heteromastus filiformis (a subsurface polychaete worm that lives in the sediment, consumes sediment and organic particles residing in the sediment, and reproduces by laying its eggs on or in the sediment) showed a concurrent increase in dominance and, in the last several years before 2008, showed a stable population. H. filiformis abundance increased slightly in 2011–2012 and returned to pre-2011 numbers in 2014. An unidentified disturbance occurred on the mudflat in early 2008 that resulted in the loss of the benthic animals, except for deep-dwelling animals like Macoma petalum. However, within two months of this event animals returned to the mudflat. The resilience of the community suggested that the disturbance was not due to a persistent toxin or to anoxia. The reproductive mode of most species present in 2014 is reflective of species that were available either as pelagic larvae or as mobile adults. Although oviparous species were lower in number in this group, the authors hypothesize that these species will return slowly as more species move back into the area. The use of functional ecology was highlighted in the 2014 benthic community data, which showed that the animals that have now returned to the mudflat are those that can respond successfully to a physical, nontoxic disturbance. Today, community data show a mix of species that consume the sediment, or filter feed, have pelagic larvae that must survive landing on the sediment, and those that brood their young. USGS scientists view the 2008 disturbance event as a response by the infaunal community to an episodic natural stressor (possibly sediment accretion or a pulse of freshwater), in contrast to the long-term recovery from metal contamination. We will compare this recovery to the long-term recovery observed after the 1970’s when the decline in sediment pollutants was the dominating factor.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151199","usgsCitation":"Cain, D.J., Thompson, J.K., Crauder, J., Parcheso, F., Stewart, A.R., Kleckner, A.E., Dyke, J., Hornberger, M.I., and Luoma, S.N., 2015, Near-field receiving water monitoring of trace metals and a benthic community near the Palo Alto Regional Water Quality Control Plant in south San Francisco Bay, California: 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1199, viii, 79 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151199.","productDescription":"viii, 79 p.","numberOfPages":"89","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2014-01-01","temporalEnd":"2014-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-068498","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310004,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1199/ofr20151199.pdf","text":"Report","size":"9.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1199"},{"id":310003,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1199/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.11578369140626,\n 37.43493087364719\n ],\n [\n -122.11578369140626,\n 37.46123344639866\n ],\n [\n -122.09020614624023,\n 37.46123344639866\n ],\n [\n -122.09020614624023,\n 37.43493087364719\n ],\n [\n -122.11578369140626,\n 37.43493087364719\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

NRP staff 
National Research Program 
U.S. Geological Survey 
345 Middlefield Road, MS-435
Menlo Park, CA 94025 
http://water.usgs.gov/nrp/

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562757a7e4b0d158f5926503","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cain, Daniel J. 0000-0002-3443-0493 djcain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3443-0493","contributorId":1784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"Daniel","email":"djcain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, Janet K. 0000-0002-1528-8452 jthompso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1528-8452","contributorId":1009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Janet","email":"jthompso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crauder, Jeff jcrauder@usgs.gov","contributorId":4384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crauder","given":"Jeff","email":"jcrauder@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":577096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Parcheso, Francis 0000-0002-9471-7787 parchaso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9471-7787","contributorId":2590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parcheso","given":"Francis","email":"parchaso@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":577097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stewart, A. Robin 0000-0003-2918-546X arstewar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2918-546X","contributorId":1482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"A.","email":"arstewar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Robin","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40553,"text":"WMA - Office of the Chief Operating Officer","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kleckner, Amy E. kleckner@usgs.gov","contributorId":4258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleckner","given":"Amy","email":"kleckner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dyke, Jessica jldyke@usgs.gov","contributorId":1035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dyke","given":"Jessica","email":"jldyke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":577100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hornberger, Michelle I. 0000-0002-7787-3446 mhornber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7787-3446","contributorId":1037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"Michelle","email":"mhornber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Luoma, Samuel N. 0000-0001-5443-5091 snluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-5091","contributorId":2287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"Samuel","email":"snluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70155234,"text":"ofr20101274 - 2015 - Geologic and geophysical maps of the El Casco 7.5′ quadrangle, Riverside County, southern California, with accompanying geologic-map database","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-18T21:08:50.251635","indexId":"ofr20101274","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-20T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2010-1274","title":"Geologic and geophysical maps of the El Casco 7.5′ quadrangle, Riverside County, southern California, with accompanying geologic-map database","docAbstract":"

Introduction

\n

Earth materials and structures in the El Casco quadrangle provide considerable information about the late Cenozoic geologic evolution of southern California’s Inland Empire region (fig. 2). Important structural and stratigraphic elements include (1) modern traces of the right-lateral San Jacinto Fault zone, (2) older traces of the San Jacinto Fault zone, and (3) sedimentary materials and geologic structures that formed during the last eight million years or so and that record interactions within the San Andreas Fault system. These materials, and the structures that deform them, provide a geologic context 3 for investigations of groundwater recharge and subsurface flow (Waring, 1919; Burnham and Dutcher, 1960; Bloyd, 1971; Rewis and others, 2006).

\n

This geologic database of the El Casco 7.5′ quadrangle was prepared by the Basins and Landscape Co-Evolution Project (BALANCE), a regional geologic-mapping project sponsored jointly by the U.S. Geological Survey and the California Geological Survey. The database was developed as a contribution to the National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program’s National Geologic Map Database, and provides a general geologic setting of the El Casco quadrangle. The database and map provide information about earth materials and geologic structures, including faults and folds that have developed in the quadrangle due to complexities in the San Andreas Fault system.

\n

Geologic information contained in the El Casco database is general-purpose data applicable to land-related investigations in the earth and biological sciences. The term “general-purpose” means that all geologic-feature classes have minimal information content adequate to characterize their general geologic characteristics and to interpret their general geologic history. However, no single feature class has enough information to definitively characterize its properties and origin. For this reason the database cannot be used for site-specific geologic evaluations, although it can be used to plan and guide investigations at the site-specific level.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20101274","usgsCitation":"Matti, J.C., Morton, D.M., and Langenheim, V., 2015, Geologic and geophysical maps of the El Casco 7.5′ quadrangle, Riverside County, southern California, with accompanying geologic-map database: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1274, Report: vi, 141; 3 Sheets: 46.77 x 36.00 inches or smaller; Dataset; Metadata; Read Me, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101274.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 141; 3 Sheets: 46.77 x 36.00 inches or smaller; Dataset; Metadata; Read Me","numberOfPages":"147","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-021187","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308467,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1274/ofr20101274_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2010-1274 Pamphlet"},{"id":308466,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1274/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":308468,"rank":3,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1274/ofr20101274_sheet1.pdf","text":"Sheet 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2010-1274 Sheet 1","linkHelpText":"Plot file of the geologic map of the El Casco 7.5' quadrangle"},{"id":308472,"rank":7,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1274/ofr20101274_metadata.txt","text":"Metadata","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"OFR 2010-1274 Metadata"},{"id":308471,"rank":6,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1274/ofr20101274_readme.txt","text":"Read Me","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"OFR 2010-1274 Read Me"},{"id":399006,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_103546.htm"},{"id":308470,"rank":5,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1274/ofr20101274_sheet3.pdf","text":"Sheet 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2010-1274 Sheet 3","linkHelpText":"Plot file of the gravity map"},{"id":308469,"rank":4,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1274/ofr20101274_sheet2.pdf","text":"Sheet 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2010-1274 Sheet 2","linkHelpText":"Plot file of observation data for the El Casco 7.5' quadrangle"},{"id":308473,"rank":8,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1274/ofr20101274_data.zip","text":"Data","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"OFR 2010-1274 Data"}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Riverside County","otherGeospatial":"El Casco 7.5' quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.125,\n 33.875\n ],\n [\n -117,\n 33.875\n ],\n [\n -117,\n 34\n ],\n [\n -117.125,\n 34\n ],\n [\n -117.125,\n 33.875\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

GMEG staff, Geology, Minerals, Energy, & Geophysics Science Center—Tucson
U.S.G.S., c/o University of Arizona
ENRB Bldg, 520 N. Park Ave, Rm 355
Tucson, AZ 85719-5035
http://geomaps.wr.usgs.gov/gmeg/

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562757a3e4b0d158f59264fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Matti, J. C.","contributorId":51712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matti","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morton, D. M.","contributorId":54608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Langenheim, V. E. 0000-0003-2170-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-5213","contributorId":20435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langenheim","given":"V. E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":573229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70159284,"text":"70159284 - 2015 - Temporal geochemical variations in above- and below-drainage coal mine discharge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-20T14:38:38","indexId":"70159284","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-20T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal geochemical variations in above- and below-drainage coal mine discharge","docAbstract":"

Water quality data collected in 2012 for 10 above- and 14 below-drainage coal mine discharges (CMDs), classified by mining or excavation method, in the anthracite region of Pennsylvania, USA, are compared with data for 1975, 1991, and 1999 to evaluate long-term (37 year) changes in pH, SO42−, and Fe concentrations related to geochemistry, hydrology, and natural attenuation processes. We hypothesized that CMD quality will improve over time because of diminishing quantities of unweathered pyrite, decreased access of O2 to the subsurface after mine closure, decreased rates of acid production, and relatively constant influx of alkalinity from groundwater. Discharges from shafts, slopes, and boreholes, which are vertical or steeply sloping excavations, are classified as below-drainage; these receive groundwater inputs with low dissolved O2, resulting in limited pyrite oxidation, dilution, and gradual improvement of CMD water quality. In contrast, discharges from drifts and tunnels, which are nearly horizontal excavations into hillsides, are classified as above-drainage; these would exhibit less improvement in water quality over time because the rock surfaces continue to be exposed to air, which facilitates sustained pyrite oxidation, acid production, and alkalinity consumption. Nonparametric Wilcoxon matched-pair signed rank tests between 1975 and 2012 samples indicate decreases in Fe and SO42− concentrations were highly significant (p < 0.05) and increases in pH were marginally significant (p < 0.1) for below-drainage discharges. For above-drainage discharges, changes in Fe and SO42−concentrations were not significant, and increases in pH were highly significant between 1975 and 2012. Although a greater proportion of above-drainage discharges were net acidic in 2012 compared to below-drainage discharges, the increase in pH between 1975 and 2012 was greater for above- (median pH increase from 4.4 to 6.0) compared to below- (median pH increase from 5.6 to 6.1) drainage discharges. For cases where O2 is limited, transformation of aqueous FeII species to FeIII may be kinetically limited. In contrast, where O2 is abundant, aqueous Fe concentrations may be limited by FeIIImineral precipitation; thus, trends in Fe may not follow those for SO42−. In either case, when the supply of alkalinity is sufficient to buffer decreased acidity, the pH could increase by a step trend from strongly acidic (3–3.5) to near neutral (6–6.5) values. Modeled equilibrium with respect to FeIII precipitates varies with pH and Fe and SO42−reconcentrations: increasing pH promotes the formation of ferrihydrite, while decreasing concentrations of Fe limit the formation of ferrihydrite, and decreasing Fe and SO42−concentrations limit the precipitation of schwertmannite and favor formation of FeIIIhydroxyl complexes and uncomplexed Fe2+ and Fe3+. The analysis of the long-term geochemical changes in CMDs in the anthracite field and the effect of the hydrologic setting on water quality presented in this paper can help prioritize CMD remediation and facilitate selection and design of the most appropriate treatment systems.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.02.010","usgsCitation":"Burrows, J.E., Peters, S.C., and Cravotta, C.A., 2015, Temporal geochemical variations in above- and below-drainage coal mine discharge: Applied Geochemistry, v. 62, p. 84-95, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.02.010.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"84","endPage":"95","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2012-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-056784","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310197,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.04437255859375,\n 40.36328834091583\n ],\n [\n -77.04437255859375,\n 41.605174521299304\n ],\n [\n -75.4595947265625,\n 41.605174521299304\n ],\n [\n -75.4595947265625,\n 40.36328834091583\n ],\n [\n -77.04437255859375,\n 40.36328834091583\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"62","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562757aae4b0d158f592650b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burrows, Jill E.","contributorId":149323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burrows","given":"Jill","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16160,"text":"Lehigh University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":577961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peters, Stephen C.","contributorId":149324,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peters","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":16160,"text":"Lehigh University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":577962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cravotta, Charles A. III, 0000-0003-3116-4684 cravotta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3116-4684","contributorId":2193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cravotta","given":"Charles","suffix":"III,","email":"cravotta@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":577960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70159409,"text":"70159409 - 2015 - Short-term response of Holcus lanatus L. (Common Velvetgrass) to chemical and manual control at Yosemite National Park, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-27T10:53:56","indexId":"70159409","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-20T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2100,"text":"Invasive Plant Science and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Short-term response of Holcus lanatus L. (Common Velvetgrass) to chemical and manual control at Yosemite National Park, USA","docAbstract":"

One of the highest priority invasive species at both Yosemite and Sequoia and Kings Canyon national parks is Holcus lanatus L. (common velvetgrass), a perennial bunchgrass that invades mid-elevation montane meadows. Despite velvetgrass being a high priority species, there is little information available on control techniques. The goal of this project was to evaluate the short-term response of a single application of common chemical and manual velvetgrass control techniques. The study was conducted at three montane sites in Yosemite National Park. Glyphosate spot-spray treatments were applied at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0% concentrations, and compared with hand pulling to evaluate effects on cover of common velvetgrass, cover of other plant species, and community species richness. Posttreatment year 1 cover of common velvetgrass was 12.1% ± 1.6 in control plots, 6.3% ± 1.5 averaged over the four chemical treatments (all chemical treatments performed similarly), and 13.6% ± 1.7 for handpulled plots. This represents an approximately 50% reduction in common velvetgrass cover in chemically- treated plots recoded posttreatment year 1 and no statistically significant reduction in hand pulled plots compared with controls. However, there was no treatment effect in posttreatment year 2, and all herbicide application rates performed similarly. In addition, there were no significant treatment effects on nontarget species or species richness. These results suggest that for this level of infestation and habitat type, (1) one year of hand pulling is not an effective control method and (2) glyphosate provides some level of control in the short-term without impact to nontarget plant species, but the effect is temporary as a single year of glyphosate treatment is ineffective over a two-year period.

","language":"English","publisher":"Weed Science Society of America","doi":"10.1614/IPSM-D-14-00060.1","usgsCitation":"Jones, L.J., Ostoja, S.M., Brooks, M.L., and Hutten, M., 2015, Short-term response of Holcus lanatus L. (Common Velvetgrass) to chemical and manual control at Yosemite National Park, USA: Invasive Plant Science and Management, v. 8, no. 3, p. 262-268, https://doi.org/10.1614/IPSM-D-14-00060.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"262","endPage":"268","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2010-06-22","temporalEnd":"2012-06-30","ipdsId":"IP-056166","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310667,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Yosemite National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.88281249999999,\n 37.5249753680482\n ],\n [\n -119.88281249999999,\n 38.112949789189614\n ],\n [\n -119.24972534179688,\n 38.112949789189614\n ],\n [\n -119.24972534179688,\n 37.5249753680482\n ],\n [\n -119.88281249999999,\n 37.5249753680482\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5630a042e4b093cee7820422","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, Laura J.","contributorId":149447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17736,"text":"Ecologist, National Park Service, El Portal, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ostoja, Steven M. sostoja@usgs.gov","contributorId":3039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostoja","given":"Steven","email":"sostoja@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":33665,"text":"USDA California Climate Hub, UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brooks, Matthew L. 0000-0002-3518-6787 mlbrooks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3518-6787","contributorId":393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Matthew","email":"mlbrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hutten, Martin","contributorId":28651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutten","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}