{"pageNumber":"1153","pageRowStart":"28800","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184785,"records":[{"id":70162623,"text":"ofr20161012 - 2016 - Survival, movement, and health of hatchery-raised juvenile Lost River suckers within a mesocosm in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-28T13:27:53","indexId":"ofr20161012","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-28T09:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1012","title":"Survival, movement, and health of hatchery-raised juvenile Lost River suckers within a mesocosm in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon","docAbstract":"The recovery of endangered Lost River suckers (Deltistes luxatus) in Upper Klamath Lake is limited by poor juvenile survival and failure to recruit into the adult population. Poor water quality, degradation of rearing habitat, and toxic levels of microcystin are hypothesized to contribute to low juvenile survival. Studies of wild juvenile suckers are limited in that capture rates are low and compromised individuals are rarely captured in passive nets. The goal of this study was to assess the use of a mesocosm for learning about juvenile survival, movement, and health. Hatchery-raised juvenile Lost River suckers were PIT (passive integrated transponder) tagged and monitored by three vertically stratified antennas. Fish locations within the mesocosm were recorded at least every 30 minutes and were assessed in relation to vertically stratified water-quality conditions. Vertical movement patterns were analyzed to identify the timing of mortality for each fish. Most mortality occurred from July 28 to August 16, 2014. Juvenile suckers spent daylight hours near the benthos and moved throughout the entire water column during dark hours. Diel movements were not in response to dissolved-oxygen concentrations, temperature, or pH. Furthermore, low dissolved-oxygen concentrations, high temperatures, high pH, high un-ionized ammonia, or high microcystin levels did not directly cause mortality, although indirect effects may have occurred. However, water-quality conditions known to be lethal to juvenile Lost River suckers did not occur during the study period. Histological assessment revealed severe gill hyperplasia and Ichthyobodo sp. infestations in most moribund fish. For these fish, Ichthyobodo sp. was likely the cause of mortality, although it is unclear if this parasite originated in the rearing facility because fish were not screened for this parasite prior to introduction. This study has demonstrated that we can effectively use a mesocosm equipped with antennas to learn about the timing of mortality, movement, and health of PIT-tagged hatchery-raised juvenile Lost River suckers.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161012","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Hereford, D.M., Burdick, S.M., Elliott, D.G., Dolan-Caret, Amari, Conway, C.M., and Harris, A.C., 2016, Survival, movement, and health of hatchery-raised juvenile Lost River suckers within a mesocosm in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1012, 48 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161012.","productDescription":"vi, 48 p.","numberOfPages":"58","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070117","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314949,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1012/ofr20161012.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1012 Report PDF"},{"id":314948,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1012/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Upper Klamath Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.09518432617186,\n 42.379850764344134\n ],\n [\n -122.09518432617186,\n 42.50450285299051\n ],\n [\n -121.9482421875,\n 42.50450285299051\n ],\n [\n -121.9482421875,\n 42.379850764344134\n ],\n [\n -122.09518432617186,\n 42.379850764344134\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Fisheries Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6505 NE 65th Street
Seattle, Washington 98115
http://wfrc.usgs.gov/
","tableOfContents":"\n- Abstract
\n- Introduction
\n- Methods
\n- Tissue Preparation for Histopathology
\n- Results
\n- Discussion
\n- Acknowledgments
\n- References Cited
\n
","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"publishedDate":"2016-01-28","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56ab3bb2e4b07ca61bfe3be9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hereford, Danielle M.","contributorId":152642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hereford","given":"Danielle M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":589931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burdick, Summer M. 0000-0002-3480-5793 sburdick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3480-5793","contributorId":3448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burdick","given":"Summer","email":"sburdick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elliott, Diane G. 0000-0002-4809-6692 dgelliott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-6692","contributorId":2947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Diane","email":"dgelliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dolan-Caret, Amari 0000-0001-9155-6116 amaridc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9155-6116","contributorId":149805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dolan-Caret","given":"Amari","email":"amaridc@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Conway, Carla M. 0000-0002-3851-3616 cmconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3851-3616","contributorId":2946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Carla","email":"cmconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Harris, Alta C. 0000-0002-2123-3028 aharris@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2123-3028","contributorId":3490,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harris","given":"Alta C.","email":"aharris@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70168586,"text":"70168586 - 2016 - A submarine landslide source for the devastating 1964 Chenega tsunami, southern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T16:47:11","indexId":"70168586","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A submarine landslide source for the devastating 1964 Chenega tsunami, southern Alaska","docAbstract":"\n
\n
\n
During the 1964 Great Alaska earthquake (Mw 9.2), several fjords, straits, and bays throughout southern Alaska experienced significant tsunami runup of localized, but unexplained origin. Dangerous Passage is a glacimarine fjord in western Prince William Sound, which experienced a tsunami that devastated the village of Chenega where 23 of 75 inhabitants were lost – the highest relative loss of any community during the earthquake. Previous studies suggested the source of the devastating tsunami was either from a local submarine landslide of unknown origin or from coseismic tectonic displacement. Here we present new observations from high-resolution multibeam bathymetry and seismic reflection surveys conducted in the waters adjacent to the village of Chenega. The seabed morphology and substrate architecture reveal a large submarine landslide complex in water depths of 120–360 m. Analysis of bathymetric change between 1957 and 2014 indicates the upper 20–50 m (∼0.7 km3) of glacimarine sediment was destabilized and evacuated from the steep face of a submerged moraine and an adjacent ∼21 km2 perched sedimentary basin. Once mobilized, landslide debris poured over the steep, 130 m-high face of a deeper moraine and then blanketed the terminal basin (∼465 m water depth) in 11 ± 5 m of sediment. These results, combined with inverse tsunami travel-time modeling, suggest that earthquake- triggered submarine landslides generated the tsunami that struck the village of Chenega roughly 4 min after shaking began. Unlike other tsunamigenic landslides observed in and around Prince William Sound in 1964, the failures in Dangerous Passage are not linked to an active submarine delta. The requisite environmental conditions needed to generate large submarine landslides in glacimarine fjords around the world may be more common than previously thought.
\n
\n
\n
Heavily tuberculated glyptosaur osteoderms were collected in an active limestone quarry in northern Berkeley County, South Carolina. The osteoderms are part of a highly diverse late Paleocene vertebrate assemblage that consists of marine, terrestrial, fluvial, and/or brackish water taxa, including chondrichthyan and osteichthyan fish, turtles (chelonioid, trionychid, pelomedusid, emydid), crocodilians, palaeopheid snakes, and a mammal. Calcareous nannofossils indicate that the fossiliferous deposit accumulated within subzone NP9a of the Thanetian Stage (late Paleocene, upper part of Clarkforkian North American Land Mammal Age [NALMA]) and is therefore temporally equivalent to the Chicora Member of the Williamsburg Formation. The composition of the paleofauna indicates that the fossiliferous deposit accumulated in a marginal marine setting that was influenced by fluvial processes (estuarine or deltaic).
\nThe discovery of South Carolina osteoderms is significant because they expand the late Paleocene geographic range of glyptosaurines eastward from the US midcontinent to the Atlantic Coastal Plain and provide one of the few North American records of these lizards inhabiting coastal habitats. This discovery also brings to light a possibility that post-Paleocene expansion of this group into Europe occurred via northeastward migration along the Atlantic coast of North America.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/jpa.2016.16","usgsCitation":"Cicimurri, D.J., Knight, J.L., Self-Trail, J., and Ebersole, S.M., 2016, Late Paleocene glyptosaur (Reptilia: Anguidae) osteoderms from South Carolina, USA: Journal of Paleontology, v. 90, no. 1, p. 147-153, https://doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2016.16.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"153","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066547","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325475,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South 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jstrail@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3018-4985","contributorId":147370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Self-Trail","given":"Jean","email":"jstrail@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ebersole, Sandy M.","contributorId":173002,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ebersole","given":"Sandy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":27138,"text":"Alabama Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":642956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70168859,"text":"70168859 - 2016 - Apatite fission-track evidence for regional exhumation in the subtropical Eocene, block faulting, and localized fluid flow in east-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-24T09:06:39","indexId":"70168859","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-27T13:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1168,"text":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Apatite fission-track evidence for regional exhumation in the subtropical Eocene, block faulting, and localized fluid flow in east-central Alaska","docAbstract":"The origin and antiquity of the subdued topography of the Yukon–Tanana Upland (YTU), the physiographic province between the Denali and Tintina faults, are unresolved questions in the geologic history of interior Alaska and adjacent Yukon. We present apatite fission-track (AFT) results for 33 samples from the 2300 km2 western Fortymile district in the YTU in Alaska and propose an exhumation model that is consistent with preservation of volcanic rocks in valleys that requires base level stability of several drainages since latest Cretaceous–Paleocene time. AFT thermochronology indicates widespread cooling below ∼110 °C at ∼56–47 Ma (early Eocene) and ∼44–36 Ma (middle Eocene). Samples with ∼33–27, ∼19, and ∼10 Ma AFT ages, obtained near a major northeast-trending fault zone, apparently reflect hydrothermal fluid flow. Uplift and erosion following ∼107 Ma magmatism exposed plutonic rocks to different extents in various crustal blocks by latest Cretaceous time. We interpret the Eocene AFT ages to suggest that higher elevations were eroded during the Paleogene subtropical climate of the subarctic, while base level remained essentially stable. Tertiary basins outboard of the YTU contain sediment that may account for the required >2 km of removed overburden that was not carried to the sea by the ancestral Yukon River system. We consider a climate driven explanation for the Eocene AFT ages to be most consistent with geologic constraints in concert with block faulting related to translation on the Denali and Tintina faults resulting from oblique subduction along the southern margin of Alaska.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"National Research Council Canada","publisherLocation":"Ottawa","doi":"10.1139/cjes-2015-0138","usgsCitation":"Dusel-Bacon, C., Bacon, C.R., O'Sullivan, P., and Day, W.C., 2016, Apatite fission-track evidence for regional exhumation in the subtropical Eocene, block faulting, and localized fluid flow in east-central Alaska: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 53, no. 3, p. 260-280, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2015-0138.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"260","endPage":"280","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063505","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471306,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/cjes-2015-0138","text":"External Repository"},{"id":318650,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon–Tanana Upland","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -141.0205078125,\n 62.30879369102805\n ],\n [\n -141.15234374999997,\n 68.65655498475735\n ],\n [\n -142.8662109375,\n 68.41535220938925\n ],\n [\n -144.580078125,\n 67.92514047803861\n ],\n [\n -146.8212890625,\n 67.49175133394853\n ],\n [\n -149.4140625,\n 67.06743335108298\n ],\n [\n -150.7763671875,\n 66.75724984139227\n ],\n [\n -152.9736328125,\n 66.72254132270653\n ],\n [\n -154.9951171875,\n 66.67038675925365\n ],\n [\n -157.10449218749997,\n 66.07154649351564\n ],\n [\n -158.115234375,\n 65.23830662451157\n ],\n [\n -158.33496093749997,\n 64.51064316846676\n ],\n [\n -157.67578125,\n 63.470144746565445\n ],\n [\n -157.1923828125,\n 62.83508901142283\n ],\n [\n -156.13769531249997,\n 62.24746627771428\n ],\n [\n -154.16015625,\n 62.492027730426905\n ],\n [\n -152.666015625,\n 63.03503931552975\n ],\n [\n -150.908203125,\n 63.450509218001095\n ],\n [\n -150.029296875,\n 63.724183392123315\n ],\n [\n -149.326171875,\n 64.05297838071347\n ],\n [\n -148.7109375,\n 64.24459476798192\n ],\n [\n -146.1181640625,\n 64.20637724320852\n ],\n [\n -144.7998046875,\n 63.82128765261384\n ],\n [\n -143.56933593749997,\n 63.52897054110277\n ],\n [\n -142.9541015625,\n 62.935234870604695\n ],\n [\n -141.0205078125,\n 62.30879369102805\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"53","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56deb43ce4b015c306fb89a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dusel-Bacon, Cynthia 0000-0001-8481-739X cdusel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-739X","contributorId":2797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusel-Bacon","given":"Cynthia","email":"cdusel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bacon, Charles R. 0000-0002-2165-5618 cbacon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2165-5618","contributorId":2909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bacon","given":"Charles","email":"cbacon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O'Sullivan, Paul B.","contributorId":36627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O'Sullivan","given":"Paul B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Day, Warren C. 0000-0002-9278-2120 wday@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9278-2120","contributorId":1308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"Warren","email":"wday@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70162630,"text":"70162630 - 2016 - Functional metagenomic selection of RubisCOs from uncultivated bacteria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-21T10:56:18","indexId":"70162630","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-27T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1548,"text":"Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Functional metagenomic selection of RubisCOs from uncultivated bacteria","docAbstract":"Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO) is a critical yet severely inefficient enzyme that catalyses the fixation of virtually all of the carbon found on Earth. Here, we report a functional metagenomic selection that recovers physiologically active RubisCO molecules directly from uncultivated and largely unknown members of natural microbial communities. Selection is based on CO2-dependent growth in a host strain capable of expressing environmental deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), precluding the need for pure cultures or screening of recombinant clones for enzymatic activity. Seventeen functional RubisCO-encoded sequences were selected using DNA extracted from soil and river autotrophic enrichments, a photosynthetic biofilm and a subsurface groundwater aquifer. Notably, three related form II RubisCOs were recovered which share high sequence similarity with metagenomic scaffolds from uncultivated members of theGallionellaceae family. One of the Gallionellaceae RubisCOs was purified and shown to possessCO2/O2 specificity typical of form II enzymes. X-ray crystallography determined that this enzyme is a hexamer, only the second form II multimer ever solved and the first RubisCO structure obtained from an uncultivated bacterium. Functional metagenomic selection leverages natural biological diversity and billions of years of evolution inherent in environmental communities, providing a new window into the discovery of CO2-fixing enzymes not previously characterized.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1462-2920.13138","usgsCitation":"Varaljay, V.A., Satagopan, S., North, J.A., Witteveen, B., Dourado, M.N., Anantharaman, K., Arbing, M.A., McCann, S., Oremland, R.S., Banfield, J.F., Wrighton, K.C., and Tabita, F., 2016, Functional metagenomic selection of RubisCOs from uncultivated bacteria: Environmental Microbiology, v. 18, no. 4, p. 1187-1199, https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.13138.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1187","endPage":"1199","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066759","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471307,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1471013","text":"External Repository"},{"id":314934,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56ab49c6e4b07ca61bfea54b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Varaljay, Vanessa A","contributorId":152628,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Varaljay","given":"Vanessa","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":18950,"text":"Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Satagopan, Sriram","contributorId":152629,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Satagopan","given":"Sriram","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18950,"text":"Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"North, Justin A.","contributorId":152630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"North","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":18950,"text":"Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Witteveen, Briana","contributorId":140866,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Witteveen","given":"Briana","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13599,"text":"University of Alaska - Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dourado, Manuella N.","contributorId":152631,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dourado","given":"Manuella","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":18951,"text":"Department of Genetics, ESALQ, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Anantharaman, Karthik","contributorId":152632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anantharaman","given":"Karthik","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18952,"text":"Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California Berkeley, CA 94720, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Arbing, Mark A.","contributorId":152633,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arbing","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":18953,"text":"Protein Expression Technology Center, UCLA-DOE Institute, University of California Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"McCann, Shelley 0000-0002-9753-7968 smccann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9753-7968","contributorId":149902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCann","given":"Shelley","email":"smccann@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Oremland, Ronald S. 0000-0001-7382-0147 roremlan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7382-0147","contributorId":931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"Ronald","email":"roremlan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Banfield, Jillian F.","contributorId":152634,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Banfield","given":"Jillian","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":18952,"text":"Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California Berkeley, CA 94720, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wrighton, Kelly C.","contributorId":152635,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wrighton","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":18950,"text":"Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Tabita, F. Robert","contributorId":152636,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tabita","given":"F. Robert","affiliations":[{"id":18950,"text":"Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70168496,"text":"70168496 - 2016 - Multiple rod–cone and cone–rod photoreceptor transmutations in snakes: Evidence from visual opsin gene expression","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-16T23:07:09","indexId":"70168496","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-27T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3173,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multiple rod–cone and cone–rod photoreceptor transmutations in snakes: Evidence from visual opsin gene expression","docAbstract":"In 1934, Gordon Walls forwarded his radical theory of retinal photoreceptor ‘transmutation’. This proposed that rods and cones used for scotopic and photopic vision, respectively, were not fixed but could evolve into each other via a series of morphologically distinguishable intermediates. Walls' prime evidence came from series of diurnal and nocturnal geckos and snakes that appeared to have pure-cone or pure-rod retinas (in forms that Walls believed evolved from ancestors with the reverse complement) or which possessed intermediate photoreceptor cells. Walls was limited in testing his theory because the precise identity of visual pigments present in photoreceptors was then unknown. Subsequent molecular research has hitherto neglected this topic but presents new opportunities. We identify three visual opsin genes, rh1, sws1 and lws, in retinal mRNA of an ecologically and taxonomically diverse sample of snakes central to Walls' theory. We conclude that photoreceptors with superficially rod- or cone-like morphology are not limited to containing scotopic or photopic opsins, respectively. Walls' theory is essentially correct, and more research is needed to identify the patterns, processes and functional implications of transmutation. Future research will help to clarify the fundamental properties and physiology of photoreceptors adapted to function in different light levels.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2015.2624","usgsCitation":"Simoe, B.F., Sampaio, F.L., Loew, E.R., Sanders, K.L., Fisher, R.N., Hart, N.S., Hunt, D.M., Partridge, J.C., and Gower, D.J., 2016, Multiple rod–cone and cone–rod photoreceptor transmutations in snakes: Evidence from visual opsin gene expression: Proceedings of the Royal Society B, v. 283, no. 1823, 20152624, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.2624.","productDescription":"20152624, 8 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071824","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471309,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.2624","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":318105,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"283","issue":"1823","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c45651e4b0946c65218579","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simoe, Bruno F","contributorId":166978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simoe","given":"Bruno","email":"","middleInitial":"F","affiliations":[{"id":24586,"text":"The Natural History Museum, London","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sampaio, Filipa L.","contributorId":166979,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sampaio","given":"Filipa","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":24586,"text":"The Natural History Museum, London","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loew, Ellis R.","contributorId":166980,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loew","given":"Ellis","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sanders, Kate L.","contributorId":81816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanders","given":"Kate","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hart, Nathan S.","contributorId":166981,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hart","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":24587,"text":"Macquarie University, New South Wales","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hunt, David M.","contributorId":166982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hunt","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24588,"text":"The University of Western Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Partridge, Julian C.","contributorId":166983,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Partridge","given":"Julian","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":24589,"text":"The University of Western Australia; University of Bristol","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Gower, David J.","contributorId":29327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gower","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70159478,"text":"70159478 - 2016 - Determining generic velocity and density models for crustal amplification calculations, with an update of the Boore and Joyner (1997) Generic Site Amplification for Graphic Site Amplification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-01T13:39:08","indexId":"70159478","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-26T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determining generic velocity and density models for crustal amplification calculations, with an update of the Boore and Joyner (1997) Generic Site Amplification for Graphic Site Amplification","docAbstract":"This short note contains two contributions related to deriving depth‐dependent velocity and density models for use in computing generic crustal amplifications. The first contribution is a method for interpolating two velocity profiles to obtain a third profile with a time‐averaged velocity ![\"Graphic\"](\"http://www.bssaonline.org/content/early/2015/12/29/0120150229/embed/inline-graphic-2.gif\")
to depth Z that is equal to a specified value (e.g., for shear‐wave velocity VS, ![\"Graphic\"](\"http://www.bssaonline.org/content/early/2015/12/29/0120150229/embed/inline-graphic-3.gif\")
for Z=30 m, in which the subscript S has been added to indicate that the average is for shear‐wave velocities). The second contribution is a procedure for obtaining densities from VS. The first contribution is used to extend and revise the Boore and Joyner (1997) generic rock VS model, for which ![\"Graphic\"](\"http://www.bssaonline.org/content/early/2015/12/29/0120150229/embed/inline-graphic-4.gif\")
, to a model with the more common ![\"Graphic\"](\"http://www.bssaonline.org/content/early/2015/12/29/0120150229/embed/inline-graphic-5.gif\")
. This new model is then used with the densities from the second contribution to compute crustal amplifications for a generic site with ![\"Graphic\"](\"http://www.bssaonline.org/content/early/2015/12/29/0120150229/embed/inline-graphic-6.gif\")
.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Stanford, CA","doi":"10.1785/0120150229","usgsCitation":"Boore, D., 2016, Determining generic velocity and density models for crustal amplification calculations, with an update of the Boore and Joyner (1997) Generic Site Amplification for Graphic Site Amplification: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 106, no. 1, p. 316-320, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120150229.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"316","endPage":"320","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068561","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314868,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"106","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a898aee4b0b28f1184dbc9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boore, David 0000-0002-8605-9673 boore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8605-9673","contributorId":140502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boore","given":"David","email":"boore@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70162524,"text":"70162524 - 2016 - Survival and growth of freshwater pulmonate and nonpulmonate snails in 28-day exposures to copper, ammonia, and pentachlorophenol","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T12:26:54","indexId":"70162524","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-26T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival and growth of freshwater pulmonate and nonpulmonate snails in 28-day exposures to copper, ammonia, and pentachlorophenol","docAbstract":"We performed toxicity tests with two species of pulmonate snails (Lymnaea stagnalis and Physa gyrina) and four taxa of nonpulmonate snails in the family Hydrobiidae (Pyrgulopsis robusta,Taylorconcha serpenticola, Fluminicola sp., and Fontigens aldrichi). Snails were maintained in static-renewal or recirculating culture systems with adults removed periodically to isolate cohorts of offspring for toxicity testing. This method successfully produced offspring for both species of pulmonate snails and for two hydrobiid species, P. robusta and Fluminicola sp. Toxicity tests were performed for 28 days with copper, ammonia, and pentachlorophenol in hard reconstituted water with endpoints of survival and growth. Tests were started with 1-week-old L. stagnalis, 2-week-old P. gyrina, 5- to 13-week-old P. robusta and Fluminicola sp., and older juveniles and adults of several hydrobiid species. For all three chemicals, chronic toxicity values for pulmonate snails were consistently greater than those for hydrobiid snails, and hydrobiids were among the most sensitive taxa in species sensitivity distributions for all three chemicals. These results suggest that the toxicant sensitivity of nonpulmonate snails in the family Hydrobiidae would not be adequately represented by results of toxicity testing with pulmonate snails.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00244-015-0255-3","usgsCitation":"Besser, J.M., Dorman, R.A., Hardesty, D., and Ingersoll, C.G., 2016, Survival and growth of freshwater pulmonate and nonpulmonate snails in 28-day exposures to copper, ammonia, and pentachlorophenol: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 70, no. 2, p. 321-331, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-015-0255-3.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"321","endPage":"331","ipdsId":"IP-067139","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314870,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a898b1e4b0b28f1184dbcf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Besser, John M. 0000-0002-9464-2244 jbesser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9464-2244","contributorId":2073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Besser","given":"John","email":"jbesser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dorman, Rebecca A. 0000-0002-5748-7046","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5748-7046","contributorId":28522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorman","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hardesty, Douglas K. dhardesty@usgs.gov","contributorId":3281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardesty","given":"Douglas K.","email":"dhardesty@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ingersoll, Christopher G. 0000-0003-4531-5949 cingersoll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":2071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"Christopher","email":"cingersoll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70168486,"text":"70168486 - 2016 - A salt diapir-related Mississippi Valley-type deposit: The Bou Jaber Pb-Zn-Ba-F deposit, Tunisia: Fluid inclusion and isotope study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-15T14:48:34","indexId":"70168486","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2746,"text":"Mineralium Deposita","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A salt diapir-related Mississippi Valley-type deposit: The Bou Jaber Pb-Zn-Ba-F deposit, Tunisia: Fluid inclusion and isotope study","docAbstract":"The Bou Jaber Ba-F-Pb-Zn deposit is located at the edge of the Bou Jaber Triassic salt diapir in the Tunisia Salt Diapir Province. The ores are unconformity and fault-controlled and occur as subvertical column-shaped bodies developed in dissolution-collapse breccias and in cavities within the Late Aptian platform carbonate rocks, which are covered unconformably by impermeable shales and marls of the Fahdene Formation (Late Albian–Cenomanian age). The host rock is hydrothermally altered to ankerite proximal to and within the ore bodies. Quartz, as fine-grained bipyramidal crystals, formed during hydrothermal alteration of the host rocks. The ore mineral assemblage is composed of barite, fluorite, sphalerite, and galena in decreasing abundance. The ore zones outline distinct depositional events: sphalerite-galena, barite-ankerite, and fluorite. Fluid inclusions, commonly oil-rich, have distinct fluid salinities and homogenization temperatures for each of these events: sphalerite-galena (17 to 24 wt% NaCl eq., and Th from 112 to 136 °C); ankerite-barite (11 to 17 wt% NaCl eq., and Th from 100 to 130 °C); fluorite (19 to 21 wt% NaCl eq., Th from 140 to 165 °C). The mean temperature of the ore fluids decreased from sphalerite (125 °C) to barite (115 °C) and increased during fluorite deposition (152 °C); then decreased to ∼110 °C during late calcite precipitation. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analyses of fluid inclusions in fluorite are metal rich (hundreds to thousands ppm Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe) but the inclusions in barite are deficient in Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe. Inclusions in fluorite have Cl/Br and Na/Br ratios of several thousand, consistent with dissolution of halite while the inclusions analysed in barite have values lower than seawater which are indicative of a Br-enriched brine derived from evaporation plus a component of halite dissolution. The salinity of the barite-hosted fluid inclusions is less than obtained simply by the evaporation of seawater to halite saturation and requires a dilution of more than two times by meteoric water. The higher K/Na values in fluid inclusions from barite suggest that the brines interacted with K-rich rocks in the basement or siliciclastic sediments in the basin. Carbonate gangue minerals (ankerite and calcite) have δ13C and δ18O values that are close to the carbonate host rock and indicate fluid equilibrium between carbonate host rocks and hydrothermal brines. The δ34S values for sphalerite and galena fall within a narrow range (1 to 10 ‰) with a bulk value of 7.5 ‰, indicating a homogeneous source of sulfur. The δ34S values of barite are also relatively homogeneous (22 ‰), with 6 ‰ higher than the δ34S of local and regional Triassic evaporites (15 ‰). The latter are believed to be the source of sulfate. Temperature of deposition together with sulfur isotope data indicate that the reduced sulfur in sulfides was derived through thermochemical sulfate reduction of Triassic sulfate via hydrocarbons produced probably from Late Cretaceous source rocks. The 87Sr/86Sr ratio in the Bou Jaber barite (0.709821 to 0.711408) together with the lead isotope values of Bou Jaber galena (206Pb/204Pb = 18.699 to 18.737;207Pb/204Pb = 15.635 to 15.708 and 208Pb/204Pb = 38.321 to 38.947) show that metals were extracted from homogeneous crustal source(s). The tectonic setting of the Bou Jaber ore deposit, the carbonate nature of the host rocks, the epigenetic style of the mineralization and the mineral associations, together with sulfur and oxygen isotope data and fluid inclusion data show that the Bou Jaber lead-zinc mineralization has the major characteristics of a salt diapir-related Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) deposit with superimposed events of fluorite and of barite deposition. Field relations are consistent with mineral deposition during the Eocene–Miocene Alpine orogeny from multiple hydrothermal events: (1) Zn-Pb sulfides formed by mixing of two fluids: one fluid metal-rich but reduced sulfur-poor and a second fluid reduced sulfur-rich; (2) barite precipitation involved the influx of a meteoric water component that mixed with a barium-rich fluid; and (3) fluorite precipitated from a highly saline fluid with higher temperatures.
\n
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00126-015-0634-8","collaboration":"Bouhlel, Salah; Leach, David; Johnson, Craig; Salmi-Laouar, Siham; Banks, David","usgsCitation":"Bouhlel, S., Leach, D., Johnson, C.A., Marsh, E.E., Salmi-Laouar, S., and Banks, D., 2016, A salt diapir-related Mississippi Valley-type deposit: The Bou Jaber Pb-Zn-Ba-F deposit, Tunisia: Fluid inclusion and isotope study: Mineralium Deposita, v. 51, no. 6, p. 749-780, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-015-0634-8.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"749","endPage":"780","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070675","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471310,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/93472/12/bou%20jaber%20pre%20publication.pdf","text":"External Repository"},{"id":318087,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Algeria, Tunisia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 7.5,\n 33.5\n ],\n [\n 7.5,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n 11.5,\n 37.5\n ],\n [\n 11.5,\n 33.5\n ],\n [\n 7.5,\n 33.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"51","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c4563be4b0946c652184dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bouhlel, Salah","contributorId":166960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bouhlel","given":"Salah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24581,"text":"Faculty of Sciences University Tunis el Manar","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leach, David","contributorId":41076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leach","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Craig A. 0000-0002-1334-2996 cjohnso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1334-2996","contributorId":909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Craig","email":"cjohnso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marsh, Erin E. 0000-0001-5245-9532 emarsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5245-9532","contributorId":1250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marsh","given":"Erin","email":"emarsh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Salmi-Laouar, Sihem","contributorId":166961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Salmi-Laouar","given":"Sihem","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24582,"text":"University of Badji Mokhtar Annaba, Algeria","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Banks, David A.","contributorId":166966,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Banks","given":"David A.","affiliations":[{"id":13344,"text":"University of Leeds","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70176649,"text":"70176649 - 2016 - Predicting thermally stressful events in rivers with a strategy to evaluate management alternatives","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-21T14:34:53","indexId":"70176649","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting thermally stressful events in rivers with a strategy to evaluate management alternatives","docAbstract":"Water temperature is an important factor in river ecology. Numerous models have been developed to predict river temperature. However, many were not designed to predict thermally stressful periods. Because such events are rare, traditionally applied analyses are inappropriate. Here, we developed two logistic regression models to predict thermally stressful events in the Delaware River at the US Geological Survey gage near Lordville, New York. One model predicted the probability of an event >20.0 °C, and a second predicted an event >22.2 °C. Both models were strong (independent test data sensitivity 0.94 and 1.00, specificity 0.96 and 0.96) predicting 63 of 67 events in the >20.0 °C model and all 15 events in the >22.2 °C model. Both showed negative relationships with released volume from the upstream Cannonsville Reservoir and positive relationships with difference between air temperature and previous day's water temperature at Lordville. We further predicted how increasing release volumes from Cannonsville Reservoir affected the probabilities of correctly predicted events. For the >20.0 °C model, an increase of 0.5 to a proportionally adjusted release (that accounts for other sources) resulted in 35.9% of events in the training data falling below cutoffs; increasing this adjustment by 1.0 resulted in 81.7% falling below cutoffs. For the >22.2 °C these adjustments resulted in 71.1% and 100.0% of events falling below cutoffs. Results from these analyses can help managers make informed decisions on alternative release scenarios.","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","doi":"10.1002/rra.2998","usgsCitation":"Maloney, K., Cole, J.C., and Schmid, M., 2016, Predicting thermally stressful events in rivers with a strategy to evaluate management alternatives: River Research and Applications, no. 32, p. 1428-1437, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.2998.","productDescription":"9 p. ","startPage":"1428","endPage":"1437","ipdsId":"IP-065139","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328919,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Delaware River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.4815673828125,\n 39.70296052957233\n ],\n [\n -74.498291015625,\n 39.8465036024177\n ],\n [\n -74.4927978515625,\n 40.26695230509781\n ],\n [\n -74.970703125,\n 40.75974059207392\n ],\n [\n -74.6685791015625,\n 40.979898069620155\n ],\n [\n -74.5806884765625,\n 41.335575973123895\n ],\n [\n -74.11376953125,\n 42.13082130188811\n ],\n [\n -74.9432373046875,\n 42.44372793752476\n ],\n [\n -75.574951171875,\n 42.00848901572399\n ],\n [\n -75.8880615234375,\n 41.244772343082104\n ],\n [\n -76.343994140625,\n 40.329795743702064\n ],\n [\n -76.04736328125,\n 39.73253798438173\n ],\n [\n -75.4815673828125,\n 39.70296052957233\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","issue":"32","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7c6cfe4b0bc0bec09cb7a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maloney, K.O. 0000-0003-2304-0745","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2304-0745","contributorId":105414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maloney","given":"K.O.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":649493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cole, J. C.","contributorId":51292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cole","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmid, M.","contributorId":96000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmid","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70176546,"text":"70176546 - 2016 - Oriental bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus): Spreading by fire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-21T12:09:42","indexId":"70176546","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-23T19:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oriental bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus): Spreading by fire","docAbstract":"In many forest ecosystems, fire is critical in maintaining indigenous plant communities, but can either promote or arrest the spread of invasive species depending on their regeneration niche and resprouting ability. We examined the effects of cutting and burning treatments on the vegetative response (cover, stem density) and root resources of Oriental bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus), a liana invasive to North America that was introduced from East Asia. Treatments were control, spring cut, spring burn, spring cut & burn, summer cut, fall cut, fall burn, fall cut & burn, and fall herbicide. Cover was reduced the greatest by herbicide and summer cutting treatments, but increased more in the second year on moraine soils than on sandy soils. Burning and cutting & burning combined resulted in a resprout density four times greater than stem density prior to treatment for stems <2.5 mm diameter than cutting alone. For stems, across all diameter classes, there was a more than 100% increase in stem density with burning and almost a 300% increase in stem density with cutting & burning in the spring. Density of resprouts and root-suckers, and survival increased with increasing stem size. While cutting of C. orbiculatus during the growing season (summer) reduced total nonstructural carbohydrates by 50% below early growing season levels and 75% below dormant season levels, burning did not significantly reduce total nonstructural carbohydrates. Thus, Oriental bittersweet is quite responsive to burning as a disturbance and resprouting and root-suckering creates additional opportunities for growth and attainment of the forest canopy. The positive response of Oriental bittersweet to burning has important implications for management of invasive lianas in fire-dependent forest landscapes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2015.12.036","usgsCitation":"Pavlovic, N.B., Leicht-Young, S.A., and Grundel, R., 2016, Oriental bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus): Spreading by fire: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 364, p. 183-194, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2015.12.036.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"194","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060161","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328804,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Lake County, Porter County","otherGeospatial":"Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.08703517913818,\n 41.61335680938595\n ],\n [\n -87.08703517913818,\n 41.62208343946444\n ],\n [\n -87.07922458648682,\n 41.62208343946444\n ],\n [\n -87.07922458648682,\n 41.61335680938595\n ],\n [\n -87.08703517913818,\n 41.61335680938595\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"364","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7c6d0e4b0bc0bec09cb7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pavlovic, Noel B. 0000-0002-2335-2274 npavlovic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2335-2274","contributorId":1976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavlovic","given":"Noel","email":"npavlovic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leicht-Young, Stacey A.","contributorId":80506,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leicht-Young","given":"Stacey","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grundel, Ralph 0000-0002-2949-7087 rgrundel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2949-7087","contributorId":2444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grundel","given":"Ralph","email":"rgrundel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70176139,"text":"70176139 - 2016 - Characterization of available light for seagrass and patch reef productivity in Sugarloaf Key, Lower Florida Keys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-30T09:48:01","indexId":"70176139","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-23T15:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of available light for seagrass and patch reef productivity in Sugarloaf Key, Lower Florida Keys","docAbstract":"Light availability is an important factor driving primary productivity in benthic ecosystems, but in situ and remote sensing measurements of light quality are limited for coral reefs and seagrass beds. We evaluated the productivity responses of a patch reef and a seagrass site in the Lower Florida Keys to ambient light availability and spectral quality. In situ optical properties were characterized utilizing moored and water column bio-optical and hydrographic measurements. Net ecosystem productivity (NEP) was also estimated for these study sites using benthic productivity chambers. Our results show higher spectral light attenuation and absorption, and lower irradiance during low tide in the patch reef, tracking the influx of materials from shallower coastal areas. In contrast, the intrusion of clearer surface Atlantic Ocean water caused lower values of spectral attenuation and absorption, and higher irradiance in the patch reef during high tide. Storms during the studied period, with winds >10 m·s−1, caused higher spectral attenuation values. A spatial gradient of NEP was observed, from high productivity in the shallow seagrass area, to lower productivity in deeper patch reefs. The highest daytime NEP was observed in the seagrass, with values of almost 0.4 g·O2·m−2·h−1. Productivity at the patch reef area was lower in May than during October 2012 (mean = 0.137 and 0.177 g·O2·m−2·h−1, respectively). Higher photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) levels measured above water and lower light attenuation in the red region of the visible spectrum (~666 to ~699 nm) had a positive correlation with NEP. Our results indicate that changes in light availability and quality by suspended or resuspended particles limit benthic productivity in the Florida Keys.
","language":"English","doi":"10.3390/rs8020086","usgsCitation":"Toro-Farmer, G., Muller-Karger, F.E., Vega-Rodriguez, M., Melo, N., Yates, K.K., Johns, E., Cerdeira-Estrada, S., and Herwitz, S.R., 2016, Characterization of available light for seagrass and patch reef productivity in Sugarloaf Key, Lower Florida Keys: Remote Sensing, v. 8, no. 2, p. 1-20, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8020086.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062418","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471311,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8020086","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328026,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Lower Florida Keys, Sugarloaf 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,{"id":70156725,"text":"70156725 - 2016 - Ecosystem impacts of exotic annual invaders in the genus Bromus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-22T19:04:39.168549","indexId":"70156725","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"displayTitle":"Ecosystem impacts of exotic annual invaders in the genus Bromus","title":"Ecosystem impacts of exotic annual invaders in the genus Bromus","docAbstract":"An understanding of the impacts of exotic plant species on ecosystems is necessary to justify and guide efforts to limit their spread, restore natives, and plan for conservation. Invasive annual grasses such as Bromus tectorum, B. rubens, B. hordeaceus, and B. diandrus (hereafter collectively referred to as Bromus) transform the structure and function of ecosystems they dominate. Experiments that prove cause-and-effect impacts of Bromus are rare, yet inferences can be gleaned from the combination of Bromus-ecosystem associations, ecosystem condition before/after invasion, and an understanding of underlying mechanisms. Bromus typically establishes in bare soil patches and can eventually replace perennials such as woody species or bunchgrasses, creating a homogeneous annual cover. Plant productivity and cover are less stable across seasons and years when Bromus dominates, due to a greater response to annual climate variability. Bromus’ “flash” of growth followed by senescence early in the growing season, combined with shallow rooting and annual habit, may lead to incomplete use of deep soil water, reduced C sequestration, and accelerated nutrient cycling. Litter produced by Bromus alters nearly all aspects of ecosystems and notably increases wildfire occurrence. Where Bromus has become dominant, it can decrease soil stability by rendering soils bare for months following fire or episodic, pathogen-induced stand failure. Bromus-invaded communities have lower species diversity, and associated species tend to be generalists adapted to unstable and variable habitats. Changes in litter, fire, and soil properties appear to feedback to reinforce Bromus’ dominance in a pattern that portends desertification.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Exotic brome-grasses in arid and semiarid ecosystems of the western US","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer International Publishing","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-24930-8_3","usgsCitation":"Germino, M., Belnap, J., Stark, J., Allen, E.B., and Rau, B.M., 2016, Ecosystem impacts of exotic annual invaders in the genus Bromus, chap. of Exotic brome-grasses in arid and semiarid ecosystems of the western US, p. 61-95, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24930-8_3.","productDescription":"35 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"95","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061498","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314883,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a8a6c2e4b0b28f1184dbed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Germino, Matthew J. mgermino@usgs.gov","contributorId":146934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Germino","given":"Matthew J.","email":"mgermino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":570271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stark, John M.","contributorId":152587,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stark","given":"John M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Allen, Edith B.","contributorId":139341,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allen","given":"Edith","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12741,"text":"U of CA Dept of Botany and Plant Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rau, Benjamin M.","contributorId":105247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rau","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70162546,"text":"70162546 - 2016 - Land uses, fire, and invasion: Exotic annual Bromus and human dimensions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-22T18:59:44.502292","indexId":"70162546","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"displayTitle":"Land uses, fire, and invasion: Exotic annual Bromus and human dimensions","title":"Land uses, fire, and invasion: Exotic annual Bromus and human dimensions","docAbstract":"Human land uses are the primary cause of the introduction and spread of exotic annual Bromus species. Initial introductions were likely linked to contaminated seeds used by homesteading farmers in the late 1880s and early 1900s. Transportation routes aided their spread. Unrestricted livestock grazing from the 1800s through the mid-1900s reduced native plant competitors leaving large areas vulnerable to Bromus dominance. Ecosystems with cooler and moister soils tend to have greater potential to recover from disturbances (resilience) and to be more resistant to Bromus invasion and dominance. Warmer and drier ecosystems are less resistant to Bromus and are threatened by altered fire regimes which can lead to Bromus dominance, impacts to wildlife, and alternative stable states. Native Americans used fire for manipulating plant communities and may have contributed to the early dominance of Bromus in portions of California. Fire as a tool is now limited to site preparation for revegetation in most ecosystems where Bromus is a significant problem. Once Bromus dominates, breaking annual grass/fire cycles requires restoring fire-tolerant perennial grasses and forbs, which can compete with Bromus and resist its dominance. Current weed management policies often lack regulations to prevent further expansion of Bromus. Research is needed on how and where livestock grazing might help increase perennial grass and forb cover and density to create ecosystems that are more resistant to Bromus. Also, studies are needed to ascertain the role, if any, of oil and gas development in contributing to the spread of Bromus.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Exotic brome-grasses in arid and semiarid ecosystems of the western US","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer International Publishing","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-24930-8_11","usgsCitation":"Pyke, D.A., Chambers, J.C., Beck, J.L., Brooks, M.L., and Mealor, B.A., 2016, Land uses, fire, and invasion: Exotic annual Bromus and human dimensions, chap. of Exotic brome-grasses in arid and semiarid ecosystems of the western US, p. 307-337, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24930-8_11.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"307","endPage":"337","ipdsId":"IP-067246","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328327,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d13a3de4b0571647cf8de1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pyke, David A. 0000-0002-4578-8335 david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-8335","contributorId":3118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pyke","given":"David","email":"david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chambers, Jeanne C.","contributorId":92186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chambers","given":"Jeanne","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beck, Jeffrey L.","contributorId":14753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beck","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brooks, Matthew L. 0000-0002-3518-6787 mlbrooks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3518-6787","contributorId":393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Matthew","email":"mlbrooks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mealor, Brian A.","contributorId":152584,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mealor","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6656,"text":"University of Wyoming, Renewable Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70162540,"text":"70162540 - 2016 - Soil moisture and biogeochemical factors influence the distribution of annual Bromus species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-22T19:06:31.918059","indexId":"70162540","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"displayTitle":"Soil moisture and biogeochemical factors influence the distribution of annual Bromus species","title":"Soil moisture and biogeochemical factors influence the distribution of annual Bromus species","docAbstract":"Abiotic factors have a strong influence on where annual Bromus species are found. At the large regional scale, temperature and precipitation extremes determine the boundaries of Bromus occurrence. At the more local scale, soil characteristics and climate influence distribution, cover, and performance. In hot, dry, summer-rainfall-dominated deserts (Sonoran, Chihuahuan), little or no Bromus is found, likely due to timing or amount of soil moisture relative to Bromus phenology. In hot, winter-rainfall-dominated deserts (parts of the Mojave Desert), Bromus rubens is widespread and correlated with high phosphorus availability. It also responds positively to additions of nitrogen alone or with phosphorus. On the Colorado Plateau, with higher soil moisture availability, factors limiting Bromus tectorum populations vary with life stage: phosphorus and water limit germination, potassium and the potassium/magnesium ratio affect winter performance, and water and potassium/magnesium affect spring performance. Controlling nutrients also change with elevation. In cooler deserts with winter precipitation (Great Basin, Columbia Plateau) and thus even greater soil moisture availability, B. tectorum populations are controlled by nitrogen, phosphorus, or potassium. Experimental nitrogen additions stimulate Bromus performance. The reason for different nutrients limiting in dissimilar climatic regions is not known, but it is likely that site conditions such as soil texture (as it affects water and nutrient availability), organic matter, and/or chemistry interact in a manner that regulates nutrient availability and limitations. Under future drier, hotter conditions,Bromus distribution is likely to change due to changes in the interaction between moisture and nutrient availability.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Exotic brome-grasses in arid and semiarid ecosystems of the western US","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer International Publishing","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-24930-8_8","usgsCitation":"Belnap, J., Stark, J.T., Rau, B., Allen, E.B., and Phillips, S.L., 2016, Soil moisture and biogeochemical factors influence the distribution of annual Bromus species, chap. of Exotic brome-grasses in arid and semiarid ecosystems of the western US, p. 227-256, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24930-8_8.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"227","endPage":"256","ipdsId":"IP-056701","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328324,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d13a3fe4b0571647cf8df8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stark, John Thomas","contributorId":92247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stark","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rau, Benjamin","contributorId":69079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rau","given":"Benjamin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Allen, Edith B.","contributorId":139341,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allen","given":"Edith","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12741,"text":"U of CA Dept of Botany and Plant Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Phillips, Susan L. 0000-0002-5891-8485 sue_phillips@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5891-8485","contributorId":717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Susan","email":"sue_phillips@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":589800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70162547,"text":"70162547 - 2016 - Introduction: Exotic annual Bromus in the western USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-22T18:59:12.758462","indexId":"70162547","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"displayTitle":"Introduction: Exotic annual Bromus in the western USA","title":"Introduction: Exotic annual Bromus in the western USA","docAbstract":"The spread and impacts of exotic species are unambiguous, global threats to many ecosystems. A prominent example is the suite of annual grasses in the Bromus genus (Bromus hereafter) that originate from Europe and Eurasia but have invaded or are invading large areas of the Western USA. This book brings a diverse, multidisciplinary group of authors together to synthesize current knowledge, research needs, and management implications for Bromus. Exotic plant invasions are multifaceted problems, and understanding and managing them requires the biological, ecological, sociological, and economic perspectives that are integrated in this book. Knowing how well information from one geographic or environmental setting can transfer to another is a key need for broadly distributed Bromus species especially given ongoing climate change. Thus, the chapters in the book compare and contrast invasibility of different ecoregions and invasiveness of different Bromus species. A universal theme is managing for ecosystems that are resilient to disturbance and resistant to invasion which will be essential for adaptation to the human-caused problem of Bromus in the Western USA.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Exotic brome-grasses in arid and semiarid ecosystems of the western US","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer International Publishing","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-24930-8_1","usgsCitation":"Germino, M., Chambers, J., and Brown, C.S., 2016, Introduction: Exotic annual Bromus in the western USA, chap. of Exotic brome-grasses in arid and semiarid ecosystems of the western US, p. 1-7, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24930-8_1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","ipdsId":"IP-067359","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332115,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"585268e2e4b0e2663625ec88","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Germino, Matthew J. 0000-0001-6326-7579 mgermino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6326-7579","contributorId":152582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Germino","given":"Matthew J.","email":"mgermino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chambers, Jeanne C.","contributorId":75889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chambers","given":"Jeanne C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Cynthia S.","contributorId":86095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Cynthia","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70162545,"text":"70162545 - 2016 - Plant community resistance to invasion by Bromus species: The roles of community attributes, Bromus interactions with plant communities, and Bromus traits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-22T19:03:29.953265","indexId":"70162545","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"displayTitle":"Plant community resistance to invasion by Bromus species: The roles of community attributes, Bromus interactions with plant communities, and Bromus traits","title":"Plant community resistance to invasion by Bromus species: The roles of community attributes, Bromus interactions with plant communities, and Bromus traits","docAbstract":"The factors that determine plant community resistance to exotic annual Bromus species (Bromus hereafter) are diverse and context specific. They are influenced by the environmental characteristics and attributes of the community, the traits of Bromus species, and the direct and indirect interactions of Bromus with the plant community. Environmental factors, in particular ambient and soil temperatures, have significant effects on the ability of Bromus to establish and spread. Seasonality of precipitation relative to temperature influences plant community resistance to Bromus through effects on soil water storage, timing of water and nutrient availability, and dominant plant life forms. Differences among plant communities in how well soil resource use by the plant community matches resource supply rates can influence the magnitude of resource fluctuations due to either climate or disturbance and thus the opportunities for invasion. The spatial and temporal patterns of resource availability and acquisition of growth resources by Bromus versus native species strongly influence resistance to invasion. Traits of Bromus that confer a “priority advantage” for resource use in many communities include early-season germination and high growth and reproductive rates. Resistance to Bromus can be overwhelmed by high propagule supply, low innate seed dormancy, and large, if short-lived, seed banks. Biological crusts can inhibit germination and establishment of invasive annual plants, including several annual Bromus species, but are effective only in the absence of disturbance. Herbivores can have negative direct effects on Bromus, but positive indirect effects through decreases in competitors. Management strategies can be improved through increased understanding of community resistance to exotic annual Bromus species.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Exotic brome-grasses in arid and semiarid ecosystems of the western US","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer International Publishing","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-24930-8_10","usgsCitation":"Chambers, J., Germino, M., Belnap, J., Brown, C., Schupp, E.W., and St. Clair, S.B., 2016, Plant community resistance to invasion by Bromus species: The roles of community attributes, Bromus interactions with plant communities, and Bromus traits, chap. of Exotic brome-grasses in arid and semiarid ecosystems of the western US, p. 275-304, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24930-8_10.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"275","endPage":"304","ipdsId":"IP-057804","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328326,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d13a3ee4b0571647cf8dea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chambers, Jeanne","contributorId":32841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chambers","given":"Jeanne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Germino, Matthew J. 0000-0001-6326-7579 mgermino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6326-7579","contributorId":152582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Germino","given":"Matthew J.","email":"mgermino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, Cynthia","contributorId":77164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Cynthia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schupp, Eugene W.","contributorId":7824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schupp","given":"Eugene","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"St. Clair, Samuel B","contributorId":152583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"St. Clair","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"B","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70177896,"text":"70177896 - 2016 - Long period seismicity and very long period infrasound driven by shallow magmatic degassing at Mount Pagan, Mariana Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-26T10:54:36","indexId":"70177896","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-22T15:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long period seismicity and very long period infrasound driven by shallow magmatic degassing at Mount Pagan, Mariana Islands","docAbstract":"Long period (LP) seismicity and very long period infrasound (iVLP) were recorded during continuous degassing from Mount Pagan, Mariana Islands, in July 2013 to January 2014. The frequency content of the LP and iVLP events and delay times between the two arrivals were remarkably stable and indicate nearly co-located sources. Using phase-weighted stacking over similar events to dampen noise, we find that the LP source centroid is located 60 m below and 180 m west of the summit vent. The moment tensor reveals a volumetric source modeled as resonance of a subhorizontal sill intersecting a dike. We model the seismoacoustic wavefields with a coupled earth-air 3-D finite difference code. The ratios of pressure to velocity measured at the infrasound arrays are an order of magnitude larger than the synthetic ratios, so the iVLP is not the result of LP energy transmitting into the atmosphere at its epicenter. Based on crater shape and dimensions determined by structure from motion, we model the iVLP as acoustic resonance of an exponential horn. The source of the continuous plume from gas analysis is shallow magmatic degassing, which repeatedly pressurized the dike-sill portion of the conduit over the 7 months of observation. Periodic gas release caused the geologically controlled sill to partially collapse and resonate, while venting of gas at the surface triggered resonance in the crater. LP degassing only accounts for ~12% of total degassing, indicating that most degassing is relatively aseismic and that multiple active pathways exist beneath the vent.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015JB012490","usgsCitation":"Lyons, J.J., Haney, M.M., Werner, C.A., Kelly, P.J., Patrick, M.R., Kern, C., and Trusdell, F., 2016, Long period seismicity and very long period infrasound driven by shallow magmatic degassing at Mount Pagan, Mariana Islands: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 121, no. 1, p. 188-209, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JB012490.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"188","endPage":"209","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070836","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471312,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jb012490","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":330394,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kelly, Peter J. 0000-0002-3868-1046 pkelly@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3868-1046","contributorId":5931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"Peter","email":"pkelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Patrick, Matthew R. 0000-0002-8042-6639 mpatrick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8042-6639","contributorId":2070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patrick","given":"Matthew","email":"mpatrick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science 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,{"id":70162410,"text":"70162410 - 2016 - Coupled downscaled climate models and ecophysiological metrics forecast habitat compression for an endangered estuarine fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T11:24:24","indexId":"70162410","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-22T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coupled downscaled climate models and ecophysiological metrics forecast habitat compression for an endangered estuarine fish","docAbstract":"Climate change is driving rapid changes in environmental conditions and affecting population and species’ persistence across spatial and temporal scales. Integrating climate change assessments into biological resource management, such as conserving endangered species, is a substantial challenge, partly due to a mismatch between global climate forecasts and local or regional conservation planning. Here, we demonstrate how outputs of global climate change models can be downscaled to the watershed scale, and then coupled with ecophysiological metrics to assess climate change effects on organisms of conservation concern. We employed models to estimate future water temperatures (2010–2099) under several climate change scenarios within the large heterogeneous San Francisco Estuary. We then assessed the warming effects on the endangered, endemic Delta Smelt, Hypomesus transpacificus, by integrating localized projected water temperatures with thermal sensitivity metrics (tolerance, spawning and maturation windows, and sublethal stress thresholds) across life stages. Lethal temperatures occurred under several scenarios, but sublethal effects resulting from chronic stressful temperatures were more common across the estuary (median >60 days above threshold for >50% locations by the end of the century). Behavioral avoidance of such stressful temperatures would make a large portion of the potential range of Delta Smelt unavailable during the summer and fall. Since Delta Smelt are not likely to migrate to other estuaries, these changes are likely to result in substantial habitat compression. Additionally, the Delta Smelt maturation window was shortened by 18–85 days, revealing cumulative effects of stressful summer and fall temperatures with early initiation of spring spawning that may negatively impact fitness. Our findings highlight the value of integrating sublethal thresholds, life history, and in situ thermal heterogeneity into global change impact assessments. As downscaled climate models are becoming widely available, we conclude that similar assessments at management-relevant scales will improve the scientific basis for resource management decisions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0146724","usgsCitation":"Brown, L.R., Komoroske, L., Wagner, R., Morgan-King, T., May, J.T., Connon, R., and Fangue, N.A., 2016, Coupled downscaled climate models and ecophysiological metrics forecast habitat compression for an endangered estuarine fish: PLoS ONE, Article e0146724; 21 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146724.","productDescription":"Article e0146724; 21 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066160","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471313,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146724","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":314698,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Grizzly Bay, Honker Bay, Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, Suisun Bay, upper San Francisco Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.3,\n 37.8\n ],\n [\n -122.3,\n 38.6\n ],\n [\n -121,\n 38.6\n ],\n [\n -121,\n 37.8\n ],\n [\n -122.3,\n 37.8\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a352afe4b0b28f1183bbce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Komoroske, Lisa M","contributorId":152475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Komoroske","given":"Lisa M","affiliations":[{"id":18933,"text":"NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wagner, R Wayne","contributorId":152476,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wagner","given":"R Wayne","affiliations":[{"id":13603,"text":"University of Texas, Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morgan-King, Tara 0000-0001-5632-5232","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5632-5232","contributorId":32804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan-King","given":"Tara","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"May, Jason T. 0000-0002-5699-2112 jasonmay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5699-2112","contributorId":617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Jason","email":"jasonmay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":589470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Connon, Richard E","contributorId":152478,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Connon","given":"Richard E","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fangue, Nann A.","contributorId":152479,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fangue","given":"Nann","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":7214,"text":"University of California, Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70159883,"text":"sir20155175 - 2016 - Delineation of the Pahute Mesa–Oasis Valley groundwater basin, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-13T08:21:35","indexId":"sir20155175","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-22T13:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5175","title":"Delineation of the Pahute Mesa–Oasis Valley groundwater basin, Nevada","docAbstract":"This report delineates the Pahute Mesa–Oasis Valley (PMOV) groundwater basin, where recharge occurs, moves downgradient, and discharges to Oasis Valley, Nevada. About 5,900 acre-feet of water discharges annually from Oasis Valley, an area of springs and seeps near the town of Beatty in southern Nevada. Radionuclides in groundwater beneath Pahute Mesa, an area of historical underground nuclear testing at the Nevada National Security Site, are believed to be migrating toward Oasis Valley. Delineating the boundary of the PMOV groundwater basin is necessary to adequately assess the potential for transport of radionuclides from Pahute Mesa to Oasis Valley.
The PMOV contributing area is defined based on regional water-level contours, geologic controls, and knowledge of adjacent flow systems. The viability of this area as the contributing area to Oasis Valley and the absence of significant interbasin flow between the PMOV groundwater basin and adjacent basins are shown regionally and locally. Regional constraints on the location of the contributing area boundary and on the absence of interbasin groundwater flow are shown by balancing groundwater discharges in the PMOV groundwater basin and adjacent basins against available water from precipitation. Internal consistency for the delineated contributing area is shown by matching measured water levels, groundwater discharges, and transmissivities with simulated results from a single-layer, steady-state, groundwater-flow model. An alternative basin boundary extending farther north than the final boundary was rejected based on a poor chloride mass balance and a large imbalance in the northern area between preferred and simulated recharge.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155175","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office, Office of Environmental Management, under Interagency Agreement, DE-NA0001654","usgsCitation":"Fenelon, J.M., Halford, K.J., and Moreo, M.T., 2016, Delineation of the Pahute Mesa–Oasis Valley groundwater basin, Nevada (ver. 1.1, May 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5175, 40 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155175.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 40 p.; Plate: 21.08 x 32.62 inches; Appendix B; Model Archive","numberOfPages":"50","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-033349","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438642,"rank":9,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7N58JFQ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Appendix C of Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5175, Model archive of Pahute Mesa - Oasis Valley groundwater flow model"},{"id":314707,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5175/sir20155175_appendixB_BasinBALANCE.zip","text":"Appendix B","size":"1.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"SIR 2015-5175 Appendix B zip"},{"id":314708,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5175/sir20155175_plate1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"3.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5175 Plate 1 PDF"},{"id":314709,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7N58JFQ","text":"Model Archive"},{"id":314817,"rank":6,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/sir2015_5175_WLcontours.xml","text":"Water-level altitude contours of Pahute Mesa-Oasis Valley and surrounding groundwater basins, Nevada and California"},{"id":314705,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5175/sir20155175.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5175 PDF"},{"id":314706,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5175/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":314818,"rank":7,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/sir2015_5175_GWbasins.xml","text":"Pahute Mesa-Oasis Valley and surrounding groundwater basins, Nevada and California"},{"id":321195,"rank":8,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5175/versionHist.txt"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.94921874999999,\n 35.951329861522666\n ],\n [\n -117.94921874999999,\n 38.28131307922969\n ],\n [\n -115.521240234375,\n 38.28131307922969\n ],\n [\n -115.521240234375,\n 35.951329861522666\n ],\n [\n -117.94921874999999,\n 35.951329861522666\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1: Originally posted January 22, 2016; Version 1.1: May 12, 2016","contact":"Director, Nevada Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2730 N. Deer Run Rd.
Carson City, NV 89701
http://nevada.usgs.gov/water/
","tableOfContents":"\n- Abstract
\n- Introduction
\n- Delineation of the Pahute Mesa–Oasis Valley Groundwater Basin
\n- Conclusions
\n- References Cited
\n- Appendix A. Revised Groundwater Discharge Estimates for Death Valley and Sarcobatus Flat, Nevada and California
\n- Appendix B. Regional Analysis to Balance Recharge and Discharge in Pahute Mesa–Oasis Valley and Surrounding Groundwater Basins, Nevada and California
\n
","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"publishedDate":"2016-01-22","revisedDate":"2016-05-12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a352afe4b0b28f1183bbd0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fenelon, Joseph M. 0000-0003-4449-245X jfenelon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4449-245X","contributorId":2355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fenelon","given":"Joseph","email":"jfenelon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Halford, Keith J. 0000-0002-7322-1846 khalford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7322-1846","contributorId":1374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halford","given":"Keith","email":"khalford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moreo, Michael T. 0000-0002-9122-6958 mtmoreo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9122-6958","contributorId":2363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moreo","given":"Michael","email":"mtmoreo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70162705,"text":"70162705 - 2016 - Life history variation among four lake trout morphs at Isle Royale, Lake Superior","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-16T10:46:40","indexId":"70162705","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-22T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Life history variation among four lake trout morphs at Isle Royale, Lake Superior","docAbstract":"Life history traits were compared among four morphs of lake trout at Isle Royale, Lake Superior. Of 738 lake trout caught at Isle Royale, 701 were assigned to a morph (119 humpers, 160 leans, 85 redfins, and 337 siscowets) using a combination of statistical analysis of head and body shape and visual assignment. On average, redfins were longer (544 mm), heavier (1,481 g), heavier at length (Wr = 94), more buoyant, and older (22 years) than siscowets (519 mm; 1,221 g; 90; 19 years), leans (479 mm; 854 g; 82; 13 years), and humpers (443 mm; 697 g; 87; 17 years). On average, leans grew from a younger age at length = 0 and shorter length at age = 0, at a faster early growth rate to a longer asymptotic length than the other three morphs, while redfins grew at a slower instantaneous rate and humpers grew to a shorter asymptotic length than other morphs. On average, leans were longer (562 mm) and older (15 years) at 50% maturity than redfins (427 mm, 12 years), siscowets (401 mm, 11 years), or humpers (394 mm, 13 years). Life history parameters did not differ between males and females within each morph. We conclude that differences in life history attributes of lean, humper, redfin, and siscowet morphs of lake trout are consistent with differential habitat use in waters around Isle Royale, Lake Superior.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2015.12.011","usgsCitation":"Hansen, M.J., Nate, N.A., Muir, A., Bronte, C.R., Zimmerman, M.S., and Krueger, C., 2016, Life history variation among four lake trout morphs at Isle Royale, Lake Superior: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 42, no. 2, p. 421-432, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2015.12.011.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"421","endPage":"432","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071349","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":315068,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Isle Royale","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.406982421875,\n 48.08908799881762\n ],\n [\n -88.33969116210938,\n 48.159673376126634\n ],\n [\n -88.28887939453125,\n 48.25028349849022\n ],\n [\n -88.3245849609375,\n 48.26948322200042\n ],\n [\n -88.42483520507812,\n 48.25211235426607\n ],\n [\n -88.57452392578125,\n 48.23016176791893\n ],\n [\n -88.74481201171875,\n 48.16516946195868\n ],\n [\n -88.8409423828125,\n 48.08266633622704\n ],\n [\n -88.99337768554688,\n 48.03310084552225\n ],\n [\n -89.08401489257812,\n 47.98808345357488\n ],\n [\n -89.2364501953125,\n 47.945786463687185\n ],\n [\n -89.36141967773438,\n 47.89516850516946\n ],\n [\n -89.47402954101561,\n 47.823298103444806\n ],\n [\n -89.50836181640625,\n 47.759637380334595\n ],\n [\n -89.47265625,\n 47.71992531014397\n ],\n [\n -89.34768676757812,\n 47.73932336136857\n ],\n [\n -89.15817260742188,\n 47.79562911029222\n ],\n [\n -88.73245239257812,\n 47.85648143832489\n ],\n [\n -88.516845703125,\n 47.931986477556784\n ],\n [\n -88.45367431640624,\n 48.03034580796616\n ],\n [\n -88.406982421875,\n 48.08908799881762\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56ac9b69e4b0403299f53a82","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, Michael J. 0000-0001-8522-3876 michaelhansen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8522-3876","contributorId":5006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Michael","email":"michaelhansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":590207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nate, Nancy A.","contributorId":26626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nate","given":"Nancy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Muir, Andrew M.","contributorId":103933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Muir","given":"Andrew M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bronte, Charles R.","contributorId":83050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bronte","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zimmerman, Mara S.","contributorId":152687,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Mara","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":13269,"text":"Washington Department of Fish & Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":590211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Krueger, Charles C.","contributorId":73131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krueger","given":"Charles C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70162408,"text":"ofr20161004 - 2016 - A plan for study of hexavalent chromium, CR(VI) in groundwater near a mapped plume, Hinkley, California, 2016","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-25T12:53:43","indexId":"ofr20161004","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-22T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1004","title":"A plan for study of hexavalent chromium, CR(VI) in groundwater near a mapped plume, Hinkley, California, 2016","docAbstract":"The Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E) Hinkley compressor station, in the Mojave Desert 80 miles northeast of Los Angeles, is used to compress natural gas as it is transported through a pipeline from Texas to California. Between 1952 and 1964, cooling water used at the compressor station was treated with a compound containing chromium to prevent corrosion. After cooling, the wastewater was discharged to unlined ponds, resulting in contamination of soil and groundwater in the underlying alluvial aquifer (Lahontan Regional Water Quality Control Board, 2013). Since 1964, cooling-water management practices have been used that do not contribute chromium to groundwater.
In 2007, a PG&E study of the natural background concentrations of hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), in groundwater estimated average concentrations in the Hinkley area to be 1.2 micrograms per liter (μg/L), with a 95-percent upper-confidence limit of 3.1 μg/L (CH2M-Hill, 2007). The 3.1 μg/L upper-confidence limit was adopted by the Lahontan Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) as the maximum background concentration used to map the plume extent. In response to criticism of the study’s methodology, and an increase in the mapped extent of the plume between 2008 and 2011, the Lahontan RWQCB (Lahontan Regional Water Quality Control Board, 2012) agreed that the 2007 PG&E background-concentration study be updated.
The purpose of the updated background study is to evaluate the presence of natural and man-made Cr(VI) near Hinkley, Calif. The study also is to estimate natural background Cr(VI) concentrations in the aquifer upgradient and downgradient from the mapped Cr(VI) contamination plume, as well as in the plume and near its margins. The study was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in collaboration with a technical working group (TWG) composed of community members, the Independent Review Panel (IRP) Manager (Project Navigator, Ltd.), the Lahontan RWQCB, PG&E, and consultants for PG&E.&E.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161004","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Lahontan Regional Water Quality Control Board","usgsCitation":"Izbicki, J.A., and Groover, Krishangi, A Plan for Study of Hexavalent Chromium, Cr(VI), in Groundwater near a Mapped Plume, Hinkley, California, 2016: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016-1004, 12 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161004.","productDescription":"12 p.","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069161","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314699,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1004/ofr20161004.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.2 MB","description":"OFR 2016-1004 PDF"},{"id":314700,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1004/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Hinkley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.21931457519533,\n 34.87860836385923\n ],\n [\n -117.21931457519533,\n 35.030558627895005\n ],\n [\n -117.12593078613283,\n 35.030558627895005\n ],\n [\n -117.12593078613283,\n 34.87860836385923\n ],\n [\n -117.21931457519533,\n 34.87860836385923\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, CA 95819
http://ca.water.usgs.gov
","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"publishedDate":"2016-01-22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a352aee4b0b28f1183bbcc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Izbicki, John A. 0000-0003-0816-4408 jaizbick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0816-4408","contributorId":149374,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izbicki","given":"John","email":"jaizbick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Groover, Krishangi D. 0000-0002-5805-8913 kgroover@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-8913","contributorId":5626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groover","given":"Krishangi","email":"kgroover@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":589473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70188505,"text":"70188505 - 2016 - Stratigraphic revision of the Cooper Group and the Chandler and Edisto Formations in the Coastal Plain of South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-14T12:52:57","indexId":"70188505","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5365,"text":"South Carolina Geology ","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphic revision of the Cooper Group and the Chandler and Edisto Formations in the Coastal Plain of South Carolina","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Weems, R.E., Albright, B., Bybell, L.M., Cicimurri, D.J., Edwards, L.E., Harris, W., Lewis, W.C., Osborne, J.E., Sanders, A.E., and Self-Trail, J., 2016, Stratigraphic revision of the Cooper Group and the Chandler and Edisto Formations in the Coastal Plain of South Carolina: South Carolina Geology , v. 49, p. 1-24.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"24","ipdsId":"IP-058461","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342491,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina 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,{"id":70162473,"text":"70162473 - 2016 - Mercury concentrations in eggs of red-winged blackbirds and tree swallows breeding in Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:13:39","indexId":"70162473","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury concentrations in eggs of red-winged blackbirds and tree swallows breeding in Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota","docAbstract":"Most investigations of the environmental effects of mercury (Hg) have focused on aquatic food webs that include piscivorous fish or wildlife. However, recent investigations have shown that other species, including passerine songbirds, may also be at risk from exposure to methylmercury (MeHg). We quantified Hg concentrations in eggs of two species of songbirds, red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) and tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor), nesting in Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota, USA. Geometric mean concentrations of total Hg (THg) were lower in red-winged blackbird eggs [218 and 107 ng/g dry weight (dw) for 2012 and 2013, respectively] than in tree swallow eggs (228 and 300 ng/g dw for 2012 and 2013, respectively), presumably reflecting differences in the trophic positions of these two species. Concentrations of MeHg averaged 98.4 % of THg in red-winged blackbird eggs. Levels of THg observed in this study were well below critical toxicological benchmarks commonly applied to eggs of avian species, suggesting these breeding populations were not adversely affected by exposure to MeHg. In red-winged blackbirds, concentrations of THg in eggs collected in 2012 were twice those in eggs collected in 2013. Hg levels in eggs of both species increased with date of clutch initiation. In red-winged blackbirds, for example, temporal patterns showed that a 3-week delay in clutch initiation increased egg THg by 60 %. These observations indicate that in ovo exposure of wetland birds to MeHg can vary significantly within nesting season as well as between years.
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,{"id":70162379,"text":"70162379 - 2016 - Differences in energy expenditures and growth dilution explain higher PCB concentrations in male summer flounder","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-08T10:34:26","indexId":"70162379","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-21T16:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differences in energy expenditures and growth dilution explain higher PCB concentrations in male summer flounder","docAbstract":"Comparison of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations between the sexes of mature fish may reveal important behavioral and physiological differences between the sexes. We determined whole-fish PCB concentrations in 23 female summer flounder Paralichthys dentatusand 27 male summer flounder from New Jersey coastal waters. To investigate the potential for differences in diet or habitat utilization between the sexes, carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios were also determined. In 5 of the 23 female summer flounder, PCB concentrations in the somatic tissue and ovaries were determined. In addition, we used bioenergetics modeling to assess the contribution of the growth dilution effect to the observed difference in PCB concentrations between the sexes. Whole-fish PCB concentrations for females and males averaged 87 and 124 ng/g, respectively; thus males were 43% higher in PCB concentration compared with females. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios did not significantly differ between the sexes, suggesting that diet composition and habitat utilization did not vary between the sexes. Based on PCB determinations in the somatic tissue and ovaries, we predicted that PCB concentration of females would increase by 0.6%, on average, immediately after spawning due to release of eggs. Thus, the change in PCB concentration due to release of eggs did not explain the higher PCB concentrations observed in males. Bioenergetics modeling results indicated that the growth dilution effect could account for males being 19% higher in PCB concentration compared with females. Thus, the bulk of the observed difference in PCB concentrations between the sexes was not explained by growth dilution. We concluded that a higher rate of energy expenditure in males, stemming from greater activity and a greater resting metabolic rate, was most likely the primary driver for the observed difference in PCB concentrations between the sexes.
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