Accurate estimates of demographic parameters are required to infer appropriate ecological relationships and inform management actions. Known-fate data from marked individuals are commonly used to estimate survival rates, whereas N-mixture models use count data from unmarked individuals to estimate multiple demographic parameters. However, a joint approach combining the strengths of both analytical tools has not been developed. Here we develop an integrated model combining known-fate and open N-mixture models, allowing the estimation of detection probability, recruitment, and the joint estimation of survival. We demonstrate our approach through both simulations and an applied example using four years of known-fate and pack count data for wolves (Canis lupus). Simulation results indicated that the integrated model reliably recovered parameters with no evidence of bias, and survival estimates were more precise under the joint model. Results from the applied example indicated that the marked sample of wolves was biased toward individuals with higher apparent survival rates than the unmarked pack mates, suggesting that joint estimates may be more representative of the overall population. Our integrated model is a practical approach for reducing bias while increasing precision and the amount of information gained from mark–resight data sets. We provide implementations in both the BUGS language and an R package.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/15-0385.1","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, J., Johnson, D.S., Lindberg, M.S., and Adams, L., 2015, Estimating demographic parameters using a combination of known-fate and open N-mixture models: Ecology, v. 96, no. 10, p. 2583-2589, https://doi.org/10.1890/15-0385.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"2583","endPage":"2589","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063639","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471741,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/15-0385.1","text":"External Repository"},{"id":319338,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154.0283203125,\n 67.23806155909902\n ],\n [\n -154.0283203125,\n 68.2042121888185\n ],\n [\n -152.0068359375,\n 68.2042121888185\n ],\n [\n -152.0068359375,\n 67.23806155909902\n ],\n [\n -154.0283203125,\n 67.23806155909902\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"96","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f50fc6e4b0f59b85e1eb47","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, Joshua H.","contributorId":167772,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Joshua H.","affiliations":[{"id":24828,"text":"Central Alaska Network, National Park Service, Fairbanks, Alaska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":623458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Devin S.","contributorId":167773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Devin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":24829,"text":"National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, Seattle, Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":623459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lindberg, Mark S.","contributorId":167774,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindberg","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":24830,"text":"Department of Wildlife and Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":623460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adams, Layne G. 0000-0001-6212-2896 ladams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2896","contributorId":2776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Layne G.","email":"ladams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":623457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70192137,"text":"70192137 - 2015 - The rise of fire: Fossil charcoal in late Devonian marine shales as an indicator of expanding terrestrial ecosystems, fire, and atmospheric change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-23T14:37:12","indexId":"70192137","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":732,"text":"American Journal of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The rise of fire: Fossil charcoal in late Devonian marine shales as an indicator of expanding terrestrial ecosystems, fire, and atmospheric change","docAbstract":"Fossil charcoal provides direct evidence for fire events that, in turn, have implications for the evolution of both terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. Most of the ancient charcoal record is known from terrestrial or nearshore environments and indicates the earliest occurrences of fire in the Late Silurian. However, despite the rise in available fuel through the Devonian as vascular land plants became larger and trees and forests evolved, charcoal occurrences are very sparse until the Early Mississippian where extensive charcoal suggests well-established fire systems. We present data from the latest Devonian and Early Mississippian of North America from terrestrial and marine rocks indicating that fire became more widespread and significant at this time. This increase may be a function of rising O2 levels and the occurrence of fire itself may have contributed to this rise through positive feedback. Recent atmospheric modeling suggests an O2 low during the Middle Devonian (around 17.5%), with O2 rising steadily through the Late Devonian and Early Mississippian (to 21–22%) that allowed for widespread burning for the first time. In Devonian-Mississippian marine black shales, fossil charcoal (inertinite) steadily increases up-section suggesting the rise of widespread fire systems. There is a concomitant increase in the amount of vitrinite (preserved woody and other plant tissues) that also suggests increased sources of terrestrial organic matter. Even as end Devonian glaciation was experienced, fossil charcoal continued to be a source of organic matter being introduced into the Devonian oceans. Scanning electron and reflectance microscopy of charcoal from Late Devonian terrestrial sites indicate that the fires were moderately hot (typically 500–600 °C) and burnt mainly surface vegetation dominated by herbaceous zygopterid ferns and lycopsids, rather than being produced by forest crown fires. The occurrence and relative abundance of fossil charcoal in marine black shales are significant in that these shales may provide a more continuous record of fire than is preserved in terrestrial environments. Our data support the idea that major fires are not seen in the fossil record until there is both sufficient and connected fuel and a high enough atmospheric O2 content for it to burn.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Journal of Science","doi":"10.2475/08.2015.01","usgsCitation":"Rimmer, S.M., Hawkins, S.J., Scott, A.C., and Cressler, W.L., 2015, The rise of fire: Fossil charcoal in late Devonian marine shales as an indicator of expanding terrestrial ecosystems, fire, and atmospheric change: American Journal of Science, v. 315, no. 8, p. 713-733, https://doi.org/10.2475/08.2015.01.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"713","endPage":"733","ipdsId":"IP-066498","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472005,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2475/08.2015.01","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347138,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"315","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59eeffabe4b0220bbd988fc3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rimmer, Susan M.","contributorId":197806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rimmer","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hawkins, Sarah J. 0000-0002-1878-9121 shawkins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1878-9121","contributorId":4818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawkins","given":"Sarah","email":"shawkins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":714366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott, Andrew C.","contributorId":43487,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cressler, Walter L. III","contributorId":197808,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cressler","given":"Walter","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":714369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70192770,"text":"70192770 - 2015 - Using time series structural characteristics to analyze grain prices in food insecure countries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T15:10:22","indexId":"70192770","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1683,"text":"Food Security","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using time series structural characteristics to analyze grain prices in food insecure countries","docAbstract":"Two components of food security monitoring are accurate forecasts of local grain prices and the ability to identify unusual price behavior. We evaluated a method that can both facilitate forecasts of cross-country grain price data and identify dissimilarities in price behavior across multiple markets. This method, characteristic based clustering (CBC), identifies similarities in multiple time series based on structural characteristics in the data. Here, we conducted a simulation experiment to determine if CBC can be used to improve the accuracy of maize price forecasts. We then compared forecast accuracies among clustered and non-clustered price series over a rolling time horizon. We found that the accuracy of forecasts on clusters of time series were equal to or worse than forecasts based on individual time series. However, in the following experiment we found that CBC was still useful for price analysis. We used the clusters to explore the similarity of price behavior among Kenyan maize markets. We found that price behavior in the isolated markets of Mandera and Marsabit has become increasingly dissimilar from markets in other Kenyan cities, and that these dissimilarities could not be explained solely by geographic distance. The structural isolation of Mandera and Marsabit that we find in this paper is supported by field studies on food security and market integration in Kenya. Our results suggest that a market with a unique price series (as measured by structural characteristics that differ from neighboring markets) may lack market integration and food security.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12571-015-0490-5","usgsCitation":"Davenport, F., and Funk, C., 2015, Using time series structural characteristics to analyze grain prices in food insecure countries: Food Security, v. 7, no. 5, p. 1055-1070, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-015-0490-5.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1055","endPage":"1070","ipdsId":"IP-056081","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471745,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10.1007/s12571-015-0490-5","text":"External Repository"},{"id":347732,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f83a3ee4b063d5d3098116","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davenport, Frank","contributorId":145816,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davenport","given":"Frank","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7168,"text":"UCSB","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Funk, Chris 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":167070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Chris","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70193652,"text":"70193652 - 2015 - Delayed dynamic triggering of deep tremor along the Parkfield-Cholame section of the San Andreas Fault following the 2014 M6.0 South Napa earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-02T13:46:22","indexId":"70193652","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Delayed dynamic triggering of deep tremor along the Parkfield-Cholame section of the San Andreas Fault following the 2014 M6.0 South Napa earthquake","docAbstract":"Large, distant earthquakes are known to trigger deep tectonic tremor along the San Andreas Fault and in subduction zones. However, there are relatively few observations of triggering from regional distance earthquakes. Here we show that a small tremor episode about 12–18 km NW of Parkfield was triggered during and immediately following the passage of surface waves from the 2014 Mw 6.0 South Napa main shock. More notably, a major tremor episode followed, beginning about 12 h later, and centered SE of Parkfield near Cholame. This major episode is one of the largest seen over the past several years, containing intense activity for ~3 days and taking more than 3 weeks to return to background levels. This episode showed systematic along-strike migration at ~5 km/d, suggesting that it was driven by a slow-slip event. Our results suggest that moderate-size earthquakes are capable of triggering major tremor and deep slow slip at regional distances.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015GL065277","usgsCitation":"Peng, Z., Shelly, D.R., and Ellsworth, W.L., 2015, Delayed dynamic triggering of deep tremor along the Parkfield-Cholame section of the San Andreas Fault following the 2014 M6.0 South Napa earthquake: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 42, no. 19, p. 7916-7922, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL065277.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"7916","endPage":"7922","ipdsId":"IP-066859","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472007,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015gl065277","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348100,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -119,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -119,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -124,\n 39\n ],\n [\n -124,\n 35\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"19","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fc2ea8e4b0531197b27f93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peng, Zhigang","contributorId":199689,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peng","given":"Zhigang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shelly, David R. dshelly@usgs.gov","contributorId":2978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelly","given":"David","email":"dshelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellsworth, William L. ellsworth@usgs.gov","contributorId":787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellsworth","given":"William","email":"ellsworth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70189475,"text":"70189475 - 2015 - Rates of As and trace-element mobilization caused by Fe reduction in mixed BTEX–ethanol experimental plumes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:35:41","indexId":"70189475","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rates of As and trace-element mobilization caused by Fe reduction in mixed BTEX–ethanol experimental plumes","docAbstract":"Biodegradation of organic matter, including petroleum-based fuels and biofuels, can create undesired secondary water-quality effects. Trace elements, especially arsenic (As), have strong adsorption affinities for Fe(III) (oxyhydr)-oxides and can be released to groundwater during Fe-reducing biodegradation. We investigated the mobilization of naturally occurring As, cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), and nickel (Ni) from wetland sediments caused by the introduction of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) and ethanol mixtures under iron- and nitrate-reducing conditions, using in situ push–pull tests. When BTEX alone was added, results showed simultaneous onset and similar rates of Fe reduction and As mobilization. In the presence of ethanol, the maximum rates of As release and Fe reduction were higher, the time to onset of reaction was decreased, and the rates occurred in multiple stages that reflected additional processes. The concentration of As increased from <1 μg/L to a maximum of 99 μg/L, exceeding the 10 μg/L limit for drinking water. Mobilization of Co, Cr, and Ni was observed in association with ethanol biodegradation but not with BTEX. These results demonstrate the potential for trace-element contamination of drinking water during biodegradation and highlight the importance of monitoring trace elements at natural and enhanced attenuation sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b02341","usgsCitation":"Ziegler, B.A., McGuire, J.T., and Cozzarelli, I.M., 2015, Rates of As and trace-element mobilization caused by Fe reduction in mixed BTEX–ethanol experimental plumes: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 49, no. 22, p. 13179-13189, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b02341.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"13179","endPage":"13189","ipdsId":"IP-068334","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343810,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"596886a2e4b0d1f9f05f59bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ziegler, Brady A.","contributorId":138960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ziegler","given":"Brady","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12594,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":704863,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGuire, Jennifer T.","contributorId":42155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cozzarelli, Isabelle M. 0000-0002-5123-1007 icozzare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":1693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"Isabelle","email":"icozzare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70191658,"text":"70191658 - 2015 - FORUM: Effective management of ecological resilience – are we there yet?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-17T16:15:44","indexId":"70191658","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"FORUM: Effective management of ecological resilience – are we there yet?","docAbstract":"This investigation focused on topsoils (n = 122) and vertical profiles (n = 6) distributed over an area of 250 km2 in the eastern-central Peloritani Mountains, northeastern Sicily. Georeferenced concentration of 53 elements (including potentially harmful ones), determined by ICP-MS after an aqua regia leach, were used to produce geochemical maps by means of a GIS-aided spatial interpolation process. Results show that there are two distinct areas: the larger, located between the Fiumendinisi, Budali and Ali villages, and the other between C. Postlioni and Femmina Morta, which contain anomalous As (up to 727 mg/kg), Sb (up to 60 mg/kg), Ag (up to 1 mg/kg) and Au (up to 0.1 mg/kg) concentrations. Most of the investigated areas have high contamination levels for As, Zn, Sb, and Pb that exceed the threshold values (As = 20 mg/kg, Zn = 150 mg/kg, Sb = 10 mg/kg and Pb = 100 mg/kg) established for soils by the Italian Environmental Law (Decreto Legislativo 2006, number 152).
The isotopic ratios of 206Pb/207Pb and 208Pb/207Pb have been measured in selected soils on both leaches [using 1M HNO3–1.75M HCl (50:50)] and residues thereof. Soil leach reflects possible anthropogenic contamination, whereas soil residues indicate geogenic contributions. Results suggest that most of contamination in the soils is related to the presence of sulphide and sulphosalt rock-forming minerals in the surveyed area. The soil fraction contains a Pb value >1600 mg/kg and has ratios of 1.1695 for 206Pb/207Pb and 2.4606 for 208Pb/207Pb. Only one soil leach isotopic composition could reflect possible anthropogenic contamination. The correlation among As, Zn, Pb contents v. Pb isotopic signatures of 206Pb/207Pb indicates that surface and deep soils collected from profiles are dominated by geogenic compositions.
","language":"English","publisher":" Geological Society of London","doi":"10.1144/geochem2014-307","usgsCitation":"Consenza, A., Lima, A., Ayuso, R.A., Foley, N.K., Albanese, S., Messina, A., and De Vivo, B., 2015, Soil geochemical survey of abandoned mining sites in the Eastern-Central Peloritani Mountains, Sicily, Italy: Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis, v. 15, no. 4, p. 361-372, https://doi.org/10.1144/geochem2014-307.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"361","endPage":"372","ipdsId":"IP-066364","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346316,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Italy","otherGeospatial":"Peloritani Mountains, Sicily","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 15.200958251953125,\n 38.001303066958606\n ],\n [\n 15.481109619140625,\n 38.001303066958606\n ],\n [\n 15.481109619140625,\n 38.11132902233447\n ],\n [\n 15.200958251953125,\n 38.11132902233447\n ],\n [\n 15.200958251953125,\n 38.001303066958606\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59d35029e4b05fe04cc34d68","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Consenza, A.","contributorId":196819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Consenza","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lima, A.","contributorId":196820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lima","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ayuso, Robert A. 0000-0002-8496-9534 rayuso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8496-9534","contributorId":2654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ayuso","given":"Robert","email":"rayuso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Foley, Nora K. 0000-0003-0124-3509 nfoley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0124-3509","contributorId":4010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foley","given":"Nora","email":"nfoley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Albanese, S.","contributorId":196821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Albanese","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Messina, A.","contributorId":196822,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Messina","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"De Vivo, B.","contributorId":196823,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"De Vivo","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70191818,"text":"70191818 - 2015 - Temperature and depth mediate resource competition and apparent competition between Mysis diluviana and kokanee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-18T10:41:49","indexId":"70191818","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Temperature and depth mediate resource competition and apparent competition between Mysis diluviana and kokanee","title":"Temperature and depth mediate resource competition and apparent competition between Mysis diluviana and kokanee","docAbstract":"In many food webs, species in similar trophic positions can interact either by competing for resources or boosting shared predators (apparent competition), but little is known about how the relative strengths of these interactions vary across environmental gradients. Introduced Mysis diluviana shrimp interact with planktivorous fishes such as kokanee salmon (lacustrine Oncorhynchus nerka) through both of these pathways, and effective management depends on understanding which interaction is more limiting under different conditions. An “environmental matching” hypothesis predicts the ecological impacts of Mysis are maximized under cool conditions near its thermal optimum. In addition, we hypothesized Mysis is more vulnerable to predation by lake trout in relatively shallow waters, and therefore Mysis enhances lake trout density and limits kokanee through apparent competition more strongly in shallower habitats. We tested whether these hypotheses could explain food web differences between two connected lake basins, one relatively shallow and the other extremely deep. The shallower basin warmed faster, thermally excluded Mysis from surface waters for 75% longer, and supported 2.5–18 times greater seasonal production of cladoceran zooplankton than the deeper basin, standardized by surface area. Mysis consumed 14–22% less zooplankton in the shallower basin, and lower ratios of total planktivore consumption to zooplankton production (C:P) indicated less potential for resource competition with kokanee, consistent with environmental matching. Lake trout diets contained more Mysis in the shallower basin and at shallower sampling sites within both basins. The catch rate of lake trout was seven times greater and the predation risk for kokanee was 4–5 times greater in the shallower basin than in the deeper basin, consistent with stronger apparent competition in shallower habitats. Understanding how the strengths of these interactions are mediated by temperature and depth would enable managers to select appropriate strategies to address the unique combinations of conditions in hundreds of affected systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/14-1822.1","usgsCitation":"Schoen, E.R., Beauchamp, D.A., Buettner, A.R., and Overman, N.C., 2015, Temperature and depth mediate resource competition and apparent competition between Mysis diluviana and kokanee: Ecological Applications, v. 25, no. 7, p. 1962-1975, https://doi.org/10.1890/14-1822.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1962","endPage":"1975","ipdsId":"IP-058267","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346832,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Lake Chelan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.98968505859374,\n 47.81315451752768\n ],\n [\n -119.9871826171875,\n 47.81315451752768\n ],\n [\n -119.9871826171875,\n 48.45835188280866\n ],\n [\n -120.98968505859374,\n 48.45835188280866\n ],\n [\n -120.98968505859374,\n 47.81315451752768\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e8683be4b05fe04cd4d22a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoen, Erik R.","contributorId":184107,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schoen","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beauchamp, David A. 0000-0002-3592-8381 fadave@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3592-8381","contributorId":4205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beauchamp","given":"David","email":"fadave@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buettner, Anna R.","contributorId":197350,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buettner","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Overman, Nathanael C.","contributorId":197351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Overman","given":"Nathanael","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70171526,"text":"70171526 - 2015 - Understanding natural capital","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-09T16:10:54.414424","indexId":"70171526","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Understanding natural capital","docAbstract":"This chapter serves to introduce the geophysics of Neotropical steeplands. Topics are covered in a general manner with hyperlinks to active research and monitoring sites (such as the National Hurricane Center and US Geological Survey publication). Topics covered include ‘tropical climate and weather,’ ‘climate variations and trends,’ Neotropical ‘geology, and soils,’ ‘hillslopes and erosion,’ ‘lakes and reservoirs,’ and ‘effects of land cover on water quality and quantity.’ Obviously, this is a lot of information to cover in a short chapter, hence the use of hyperlinks. The last theme ‘effects of land cover on water quality and quantity’ is covered by case studies, in all of which I have been centrally involved. These studies were chosen because they are among the few studies with sufficient data of high enough quality to reach definitive conclusions.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Managing watersheds for ecosystem services in the steepland neotropics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Inter-American Development Bank","usgsCitation":"Stallard, R.F., 2015, Understanding natural capital, chap. of Managing watersheds for ecosystem services in the steepland neotropics, p. 17-47.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"17","endPage":"47","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065661","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328251,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57cfe8c0e4b04836416a0e58","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hall, Jefferson S.","contributorId":169939,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"Jefferson","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":25632,"text":"Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640029,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirn, Vanessa","contributorId":169940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirn","given":"Vanessa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25632,"text":"Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640030,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yanguas-Fernandez, Estrella","contributorId":172253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yanguas-Fernandez","given":"Estrella","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640031,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Stallard, Robert F. 0000-0001-8209-7608 stallard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8209-7608","contributorId":1924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stallard","given":"Robert","email":"stallard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":631599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70194287,"text":"70194287 - 2015 - Reconstructing turbidity in a glacially influenced lake using the Landsat TM and ETM+ surface reflectance climate data record archive, Lake Clark, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T16:37:41","indexId":"70194287","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reconstructing turbidity in a glacially influenced lake using the Landsat TM and ETM+ surface reflectance climate data record archive, Lake Clark, Alaska","docAbstract":"Lake Clark is an important nursery lake for sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in the headwaters of Bristol Bay, Alaska, the most productive wild salmon fishery in the world. Reductions in water clarity within Alaska lake systems as a result of increased glacial runoff have been shown to reduce salmon production via reduced abundance of zooplankton and macroinvertebrates. In this study, we reconstruct long-term, lake-wide water clarity for Lake Clark using the Landsat TM and ETM+ surface reflectance products (1985–2014) and in situwater clarity data collected between 2009 and 2013. Analysis of a Landsat scene acquired in 2009, coincident with in situ measurements in the lake, and uncertainty analysis with four scenes acquired within two weeks of field data collection showed that Band 3 surface reflectance was the best indicator of turbidity (r2 = 0.55,RMSE << 0.01). We then processed 151 (98 partial- and 53 whole-lake) Landsat scenes using this relation and detected no significant long-term trend in mean turbidity for Lake Clark between 1991 and 2014. We did, however, detect interannual variation that exhibited a non-significant (r2 = 0.20) but positive correlation (r = 0.20) with regional mean summer air temperature and found the month of May exhibited a significant positive trend (r2 = 0.68, p = 0.02) in turbidity between 2000 and 2014. This study demonstrates the utility of hindcasting turbidity in a glacially influenced lake using the Landsat surface reflectance products. It may also help land and resource managers reconstruct turbidity records for lakes that lack in situ monitoring, and may be useful in predicting future water clarity conditions based on projected climate scenarios.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs71013692","usgsCitation":"Baughman, C., Jones, B.M., Bartz, K.K., Young, D.B., and Zimmerman, C.E., 2015, Reconstructing turbidity in a glacially influenced lake using the Landsat TM and ETM+ surface reflectance climate data record archive, Lake Clark, Alaska: Remote Sensing, v. 7, no. 10, p. 13692-13710, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs71013692.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"13692","endPage":"13710","ipdsId":"IP-066580","costCenters":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471755,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs71013692","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":349242,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Lake Clark","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154.84954833984375,\n 60.0113438097352\n ],\n [\n -153.57513427734375,\n 60.0113438097352\n ],\n [\n -153.57513427734375,\n 60.45992621736877\n ],\n [\n -154.84954833984375,\n 60.45992621736877\n ],\n [\n -154.84954833984375,\n 60.0113438097352\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fe67e4b06e28e9c252f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baughman, Carson 0000-0002-9423-9324 cbaughman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9423-9324","contributorId":169657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baughman","given":"Carson","email":"cbaughman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Benjamin M. 0000-0002-1517-4711 bjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1517-4711","contributorId":2286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Benjamin","email":"bjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bartz, Krista K.","contributorId":200705,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bartz","given":"Krista","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Young, Daniel","contributorId":58468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[{"id":35763,"text":"National Park Service, Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, Port Alsworth, AK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":723098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zimmerman, Christian E. 0000-0002-3646-0688 czimmerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-0688","contributorId":410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Christian","email":"czimmerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70176427,"text":"70176427 - 2015 - Estuarine fish communities respond to climate variability over both river and ocean basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-18T11:36:41","indexId":"70176427","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estuarine fish communities respond to climate variability over both river and ocean basins","docAbstract":"Estuaries are dynamic environments at the land–sea interface that are strongly affected by interannual climate variability. Ocean–atmosphere processes propagate into estuaries from the sea, and atmospheric processes over land propagate into estuaries from watersheds. We examined the effects of these two separate climate-driven processes on pelagic and demersal fish community structure along the salinity gradient in the San Francisco Estuary, California, USA. A 33-year data set (1980–2012) on pelagic and demersal fishes spanning the freshwater to marine regions of the estuary suggested the existence of five estuarine salinity fish guilds: limnetic (salinity = 0–1), oligohaline (salinity = 1–12), mesohaline (salinity = 6–19), polyhaline (salinity = 19–28), and euhaline (salinity = 29–32). Climatic effects propagating from the adjacent Pacific Ocean, indexed by the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO), affected demersal and pelagic fish community structure in the euhaline and polyhaline guilds. Climatic effects propagating over land, indexed as freshwater outflow from the watershed (OUT), affected demersal and pelagic fish community structure in the oligohaline, mesohaline, polyhaline, and euhaline guilds. The effects of OUT propagated further down the estuary salinity gradient than the effects of NPGO that propagated up the estuary salinity gradient, exemplifying the role of variable freshwater outflow as an important driver of biotic communities in river-dominated estuaries. These results illustrate how unique sources of climate variability interact to drive biotic communities and, therefore, that climate change is likely to be an important driver in shaping the future trajectory of biotic communities in estuaries and other transitional habitats.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gcb.12969","usgsCitation":"Feyrer, F.V., Cloern, J.E., Brown, L.R., Fish, M., Hieb, K., and Baxter, R., 2015, Estuarine fish communities respond to climate variability over both river and ocean basins: Global Change Biology, v. 21, no. 10, p. 3608-3619, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12969.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"3608","endPage":"3619","ipdsId":"IP-064895","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471760,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12969","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328606,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.54837036132811,\n 37.413800350662875\n ],\n [\n -122.54837036132811,\n 38.18638677411551\n ],\n [\n -121.55273437499999,\n 38.18638677411551\n ],\n [\n -121.55273437499999,\n 37.413800350662875\n ],\n [\n -122.54837036132811,\n 37.413800350662875\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d92338e4b090824ffa1a71","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feyrer, Frederick V. 0000-0003-1253-2349 ffeyrer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1253-2349","contributorId":5901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feyrer","given":"Frederick","email":"ffeyrer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":648720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cloern, James E. 0000-0002-5880-6862 jecloern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5880-6862","contributorId":1488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"James","email":"jecloern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fish, Maxfield","contributorId":174608,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fish","given":"Maxfield","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6952,"text":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":648723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hieb, Kathryn","contributorId":174609,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hieb","given":"Kathryn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6952,"text":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":648724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Baxter, Randall","contributorId":43284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baxter","given":"Randall","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70176862,"text":"70176862 - 2015 - Riverbed clogging associated with a California riverbank filtration system: An assessment of mechanisms and monitoring approaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-11T15:10:45","indexId":"70176862","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Riverbed clogging associated with a California riverbank filtration system: An assessment of mechanisms and monitoring approaches","docAbstract":"An experimental field study was performed to investigate riverbed clogging processes and associated monitoring approaches near a dam-controlled riverbank filtration facility in Northern California. Motivated by previous studies at the site that indicated riverbed clogging plays an important role in the performance of the riverbank filtration system, we investigated the spatiotemporal variability and nature of the clogging. In particular, we investigated whether the clogging was due to abiotic or biotic mechanisms. A secondary aspect of the study was the testing of different methods to monitor riverbed clogging and related processes, such as seepage. Monitoring was conducted using both point-based approaches and spatially extensive geophysical approaches, including: grain-size analysis, temperature sensing, electrical resistivity tomography, seepage meters, microbial analysis, and cryocoring, along two transects. The point monitoring measurements suggested a substantial increase in riverbed biomass (2 orders of magnitude) after the dam was raised compared to the small increase (∼2%) in fine-grained sediment. These changes were concomitant with decreased seepage. The decreased seepage eventually led to the development of an unsaturated zone beneath the riverbed, which further decreased infiltration capacity. Comparison of our time-lapse grain-size and biomass datasets suggested that biotic processes played a greater role in clogging than did abiotic processes. Cryocoring and autonomous temperature loggers were most useful for locally monitoring clogging agents, while electrical resistivity data were useful for interpreting the spatial extent of a pumping-induced unsaturated zone that developed beneath the riverbed after riverbed clogging was initiated. The improved understanding of spatiotemporally variable riverbed clogging and monitoring approaches is expected to be useful for optimizing the riverbank filtration system operations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.08.012","usgsCitation":"Ulrich, C., Hubbard, S.S., Florsheim, J., Rosenberry, D.O., Borglin, S., Trotta, M., and Seymour, D., 2015, Riverbed clogging associated with a California riverbank filtration system: An assessment of mechanisms and monitoring approaches: Journal of Hydrology, v. 529, no. 3, p. 1740-1753, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.08.012.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1740","endPage":"1753","ipdsId":"IP-068292","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471757,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1501369","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":329458,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"529","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57fe679ee4b0824b2d143717","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ulrich, Craig","contributorId":175248,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ulrich","given":"Craig","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hubbard, Susan S.","contributorId":175249,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hubbard","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Florsheim, Joan","contributorId":115633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Florsheim","given":"Joan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":650549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Borglin, Sharon","contributorId":175251,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Borglin","given":"Sharon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Trotta, Marcus","contributorId":175252,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trotta","given":"Marcus","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17863,"text":"Sonoma County Water Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":650554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Seymour, Donald","contributorId":175253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seymour","given":"Donald","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17863,"text":"Sonoma County Water Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":650579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70176706,"text":"70176706 - 2015 - Development of the Global Earthquake Model’s neotectonic fault database","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-03T14:33:26","indexId":"70176706","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2822,"text":"Natural Hazards","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of the Global Earthquake Model’s neotectonic fault database","docAbstract":"The Global Earthquake Model (GEM) aims to develop uniform, openly available, standards, datasets and tools for worldwide seismic risk assessment through global collaboration, transparent communication and adapting state-of-the-art science. GEM Faulted Earth (GFE) is one of GEM’s global hazard module projects. This paper describes GFE’s development of a modern neotectonic fault database and a unique graphical interface for the compilation of new fault data. A key design principle is that of an electronic field notebook for capturing observations a geologist would make about a fault. The database is designed to accommodate abundant as well as sparse fault observations. It features two layers, one for capturing neotectonic faults and fold observations, and the other to calculate potential earthquake fault sources from the observations. In order to test the flexibility of the database structure and to start a global compilation, five preexisting databases have been uploaded to the first layer and two to the second. In addition, the GFE project has characterised the world’s approximately 55,000 km of subduction interfaces in a globally consistent manner as a basis for generating earthquake event sets for inclusion in earthquake hazard and risk modelling. Following the subduction interface fault schema and including the trace attributes of the GFE database schema, the 2500-km-long frontal thrust fault system of the Himalaya has also been characterised. We propose the database structure to be used widely, so that neotectonic fault data can make a more complete and beneficial contribution to seismic hazard and risk characterisation globally.
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Projections of climate, urbanization, vegetation, and surface-depression storage capacity were used as inputs to the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System to simulate projected impacts on hydrologic response. Surface runoff substantially increased when land cover change was applied. However, once the surface depression storage was added to mitigate the land cover change and increases of surface runoff (due to urbanization), the groundwater flow component then increased. For hydrologic studies that include projections of land cover change (urbanization in particular), any analysis of runoff beyond the change in total runoff should include effects of stormwater management practices as these features affect flow timing and magnitude and may be useful in mitigating land cover change impacts on streamflow. Potential changes in water availability and how biota may respond to changes in flow regime in response to climate and land cover change may prove challenging for managers attempting to balance the needs of future development and the environment. However, these models are still useful for assessing the relative impacts of climate and land cover change and for evaluating tradeoffs when managing to mitigate different stressors.
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The significance of palaeo-ice sheets is further underlined by the broad range of disciplines concerned with reconstructing their behaviour, many of which have undergone a rapid expansion since the 1980s. In particular, there has been a major increase in the size and qualitative diversity of empirical data used to reconstruct and date ice sheets, and major improvements in our ability to simulate their dynamics in numerical ice sheet models. These developments have made it increasingly necessary to forge interdisciplinary links between sub-disciplines and to link numerical modelling with observations and dating of proxy records. The aim of this paper is to evaluate recent developments in the methods used to reconstruct ice sheets and outline some key challenges that remain, with an emphasis on how future work might integrate terrestrial and marine evidence together with numerical modelling. Our focus is on pan-ice sheet reconstructions of the last deglaciation, but regional case studies are used to illustrate methodological achievements, challenges and opportunities. Whilst various disciplines have made important progress in our understanding of ice-sheet dynamics, it is clear that data-model integration remains under-used, and that uncertainties remain poorly quantified in both empirically-based and numerical ice-sheet reconstructions. The representation of past climate will continue to be the largest source of uncertainty for numerical modelling. As such, palaeo-observations are critical to constrain and validate modelling. State-of-the-art numerical models will continue to improve both in model resolution and in the breadth of inclusion of relevant processes, thereby enabling more accurate and more direct comparison with the increasing range of palaeo-observations. Thus, the capability is developing to use all relevant palaeo-records to more strongly constrain deglacial (and to a lesser extent pre-LGM) ice sheet evolution. In working towards that goal, the accurate representation of uncertainties is required for both constraint data and model outputs. Close cooperation between modelling and data-gathering communities is essential to ensure this capability is realised and continues to progress.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.07.016","usgsCitation":"Stokes, C.R., Tarasov, L., Blomdin, R., Cronin, T.M., Fisher, T.G., Gyllencreutz, R., Hattestrand, C., Heyman, J., Hindmarsh, R.C., Hughes, A.L., Jakobsson, M., Kirchner, N., Livingstone, S.J., Margold, M., Murton, J.B., Noormets, R., Peltier, W.R., Peteet, D.M., Piper, D.J., Preusser, F., Renssen, H., Roberts, D.H., Roche, D.M., Saint-Ange, F., Stroeven, A.P., and Teller, J.T., 2015, On the reconstruction of palaeo-ice sheets: Recent advances and future challenges: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 125, p. 15-49, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.07.016.","productDescription":"35 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"49","ipdsId":"IP-066534","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471758,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/a75d46e2-1f29-499f-b305-fec5b88ae18b","text":"External Repository"},{"id":335192,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"125","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a00057e4b099f50d3e0469","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stokes, Chris R.","contributorId":179153,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stokes","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tarasov, Lev","contributorId":179154,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tarasov","given":"Lev","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blomdin, Robin","contributorId":179155,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blomdin","given":"Robin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cronin, Thomas M. 0000-0002-2643-0979 tcronin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":2579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"Thomas","email":"tcronin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":663002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fisher, Timothy G.","contributorId":179156,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fisher","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gyllencreutz, Richard","contributorId":179157,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gyllencreutz","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hattestrand, Clas","contributorId":179158,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hattestrand","given":"Clas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Heyman, Jakob","contributorId":179159,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heyman","given":"Jakob","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":663009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hindmarsh, Richard C. 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Many WWTFs disinfect their effluent prior to discharge using chlorine gas, which reacts with natural and synthetic organic matter to form halogenated disinfection byproducts (HDBPs). Because HDBPs are ubiquitous in chlorine-disinfected drinking water and have adverse human health implications, their concentrations are regulated in potable water supplies. Less is known about the formation and occurrence of HDBPs in disinfected WWTF effluents that are discharged to surface waters and become part of the de facto wastewater reuse cycle. This study investigated HDBPs in the urban water cycle from the stream source of the chlorinated municipal tap water that comprises the WWTF inflow, to the final WWTF effluent disinfection process before discharge back to the stream. The impact of conversion from chlorine-gas to low-pressure ultraviolet light (UV) disinfection at a full-scale (68,000 m3 d−1 design flow) WWTF on HDBP concentrations in the final effluent was assessed, as was transport and attenuation in the receiving stream. Nutrients and trace elements (boron, copper, and uranium) were used to characterize the different urban source waters, and indicated that the pre-upgrade and post-upgrade water chemistry was similar and insensitive to the disinfection process. Chlorinated tap water during the pre-upgrade and post-upgrade samplings contained 11 (mean total concentration = 2.7 μg L−1; n=5) and 10 HDBPs (mean total concentration = 4.5 μg L−1), respectively. Under chlorine-gas disinfection conditions 13 HDBPs (mean total concentration = 1.4 μg L−1) were detected in the WWTF effluent, whereas under UV disinfection conditions, only one HDBP was detected. The chlorinated WWTF effluent had greater relative proportions of nitrogenous, brominated, and iodinated HDBPs than the chlorinated tap water. Conversion of the WWTF to UV disinfection reduced the loading of HDBPs to the receiving stream by >90%.
Landsat 8 and its two Earth imaging sensors, the Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) have been operating on-orbit for 2 ½ years. Landsat 8 has been acquiring substantially more images than initially planned, typically around 700 scenes per day versus a 400 scenes per day requirement, acquiring nearly all land scenes. Both the TIRS and OLI instruments are exceeding their SNR requirements by at least a factor of 2 and are very stable, degrading by at most 1% in responsivity over the mission to date. Both instruments have 100% operable detectors covering their cross track field of view using the redundant detectors as necessary. The geometric performance is excellent, meeting or exceeding all performance requirements. One anomaly occurred with the TIRS Scene Select Mirror (SSM) encoder that affected its operation, though by switching to the side B electronics, this was fully recovered. The one challenge is with the TIRS stray light, which affects the flat fielding and absolute calibration of the TIRS data. The error introduced is smaller in TIRS band 10. Band 11 should not currently be used in science applications.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proc. SPIE 9639, Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XIX","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XIX","conferenceDate":"September 21, 2015","conferenceLocation":"Toulouse, France","language":"English","publisher":"SPIE","doi":"10.1117/12.2194905","usgsCitation":"Markham, B.L., Barsi, J.A., Morfitt, R., Choate, M., Montanaro, M., Arvidson, T., and Irons, J.R., 2015, Landsat-8: Status and on-orbit performance, in Proc. SPIE 9639, Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XIX, v. 9639, Toulouse, France, September 21, 2015, 963908, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2194905.","productDescription":"963908","ipdsId":"IP-068625","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337714,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9639","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58cba41ce4b0849ce97dc754","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Markham, Brian L. 0000-0002-9612-8169","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9612-8169","contributorId":121488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markham","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barsi, Julia A.","contributorId":71822,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barsi","given":"Julia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12721,"text":"NASA GSFC SSAI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":680630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morfitt, Ron 0000-0002-4777-4877 rmorfitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4777-4877","contributorId":4097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morfitt","given":"Ron","email":"rmorfitt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Choate, Mike 0000-0002-8101-4994 choate@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8101-4994","contributorId":4618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Choate","given":"Mike","email":"choate@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Montanaro, Matthew","contributorId":147004,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Montanaro","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Arvidson, Terry","contributorId":97801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arvidson","given":"Terry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Irons, James R.","contributorId":59284,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Irons","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":7049,"text":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":684709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70182767,"text":"70182767 - 2015 - Determination of 1-chloro-4-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene and related compounds in marine pore water by automated thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry using disposable optical fiber","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-01T14:30:16","indexId":"70182767","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2214,"text":"Journal of Chromatography A","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of 1-chloro-4-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene and related compounds in marine pore water by automated thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry using disposable optical fiber","docAbstract":"A method is described for determination of ten DDT-related compounds in marine pore water based on equilibrium solid-phase microextraction (SPME) using commercial polydimethylsiloxane-coated optical fiber with analysis by automated thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (TD-GC/MS). Thermally cleaned fiber was directly exposed to sediments and allowed to reach equilibrium under static conditions at the in situ field temperature. Following removal, fibers were rinsed, dried and cut into appropriate lengths for storage in leak-tight containers at -20°C. Analysis by TD-GC/MS under full scan (FS) and selected ion monitoring (SIM) modes was then performed. Pore-water method detection limits in FS and SIM modes were estimated at 0.05-2.4ng/L and 0.7-16pg/L, respectively. Precision of the method, including contributions from fiber handling, was less than 10%. Analysis of independently prepared solutions containing eight DDT compounds yielded concentrations that were within 6.9±5.5% and 0.1±14% of the actual concentrations in FS and SIM modes, respectively. The use of optical fiber with automated analysis allows for studies at high temporal and/or spatial resolution as well as for monitoring programs over large spatial and/or long temporal scales with adequate sample replication. This greatly enhances the flexibility of the technique and improves the ability to meet quality control objectives at significantly lower cost.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chroma.2015.08.060","usgsCitation":"Eganhouse, R., and DiFilippo, E., 2015, Determination of 1-chloro-4-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]benzene and related compounds in marine pore water by automated thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry using disposable optical fiber: Journal of Chromatography A, v. 1415, p. 38-47, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2015.08.060.","productDescription":"10 p. ","startPage":"38","endPage":"47","ipdsId":"IP-068336","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471749,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2015.08.060","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":336776,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":336335,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021967315012418"}],"volume":"1415","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b7eba9e4b01ccd5500bb25","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eganhouse, Robert P. eganhous@usgs.gov","contributorId":2031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eganhouse","given":"Robert P.","email":"eganhous@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DiFilippo, Erica L","contributorId":184156,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DiFilippo","given":"Erica L","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70182720,"text":"70182720 - 2015 - Ionospheric current source modeling and global geomagnetic induction using ground geomagnetic observatory data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-19T13:59:31","indexId":"70182720","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ionospheric current source modeling and global geomagnetic induction using ground geomagnetic observatory data","docAbstract":"Long-period global-scale electromagnetic induction studies of deep Earth conductivity are based almost exclusively on magnetovariational methods and require accurate models of external source spatial structure. We describe approaches to inverting for both the external sources and three-dimensional (3-D) conductivity variations and apply these methods to long-period (T≥1.2 days) geomagnetic observatory data. Our scheme involves three steps: (1) Observatory data from 60 years (only partly overlapping and with many large gaps) are reduced and merged into dominant spatial modes using a scheme based on frequency domain principal components. (2) Resulting modes are inverted for corresponding external source spatial structure, using a simplified conductivity model with radial variations overlain by a two-dimensional thin sheet. The source inversion is regularized using a physically based source covariance, generated through superposition of correlated tilted zonal (quasi-dipole) current loops, representing ionospheric source complexity smoothed by Earth rotation. Free parameters in the source covariance model are tuned by a leave-one-out cross-validation scheme. (3) The estimated data modes are inverted for 3-D Earth conductivity, assuming the source excitation estimated in step 2. Together, these developments constitute key components in a practical scheme for simultaneous inversion of the catalogue of historical and modern observatory data for external source spatial structure and 3-D Earth conductivity.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015JB012063","usgsCitation":"Sun, J., Kelbert, A., and Egbert, G.D., 2015, Ionospheric current source modeling and global geomagnetic induction using ground geomagnetic observatory data: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 120, no. 10, p. 6771-6796, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JB012063.","productDescription":"26 p. ","startPage":"6771","endPage":"6796","ipdsId":"IP-068256","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471750,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jb012063","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":336288,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"120","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b548c2e4b01ccd54fddfc6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sun, Jin","contributorId":11084,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sun","given":"Jin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6702,"text":"College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":32881,"text":"ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":673447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelbert, Anna 0000-0003-4395-398X akelbert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4395-398X","contributorId":184053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelbert","given":"Anna","email":"akelbert@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Egbert, G. D.","contributorId":184054,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Egbert","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70157217,"text":"ofr20151178 - 2015 - A preliminary investigation of the variables affecting the distribution of giant gartersnakes (Thamnophis gigas) in the Sacramento Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-01T09:16:10","indexId":"ofr20151178","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-30T18:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1178","title":"A preliminary investigation of the variables affecting the distribution of giant gartersnakes (Thamnophis gigas) in the Sacramento Valley, California","docAbstract":"Giant gartersnakes (Thamnophis gigas) comprise a species of rare, semi-aquatic snake precinctive to the Central Valley of California. Because of the loss of more than 90% of their natural habitat, giant gartersnakes are listed as Threatened by the United States and California endangered species acts. Little is known, however, about the distribution of giant gartersnakes in the Sacramento Valley, which is where most extant populations occur. We conducted detection-nondetection surveys for giant gartersnakes throughout the rice-growing regions of the Sacramento Valley, and used occupancy models to examine evidence for the effects of landscape-scale GIS-derived variables, local habitat and vegetation composition, and prey communities on patterns of giant gartersnake occurrence. Although our results are based on a relatively small sample of sites, we found that distance to historic marsh, relative fish count, and an interaction of distance to historic marsh with proportion of habitat composed of submerged vegetation were important variables for explaining occupancy of giant gartersnakes. In particular, giant gartersnakes were more likely to occur closer to historic marsh and where relatively fewer fish were captured in traps. At locations in or near historic marsh, giant gartersnakes were more likely to occur in areas with less submerged vegetation, but this relationship was reversed (and more uncertain) at sites distant from historic marsh. Additional research with a larger sample of sites would further elucidate the distribution of giant gartersnakes in the Sacramento Valley.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151178","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Halstead, B.J., Skalos, S.M., Casazza, M.L., and Wylie, G.D., 2015, A preliminary investigation of the variables affecting the distribution of giant gartersnakes (Thamnophis gigas) in the Sacramento Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1178, 34 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151178.","productDescription":"vi, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2011-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-066320","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309380,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1178/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":309381,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1178/ofr20151178.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1178 PDF"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.72277832031251,\n 38.25112269630296\n ],\n [\n -122.72277832031251,\n 40.28371627054261\n ],\n [\n -120.91003417968749,\n 40.28371627054261\n ],\n [\n -120.91003417968749,\n 38.25112269630296\n ],\n [\n -122.72277832031251,\n 38.25112269630296\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
http://www.werc.usgs.gov/
Clear Creek is a small stream that drains the eastern Sierra Nevada near Lake Tahoe, flows roughly parallel to the U.S. Highway 50 corridor, and discharges to the Carson River near Carson City, Nevada. Historical and ongoing development in the drainage basin is thought to be affecting Clear Creek and its sediment-transport characteristics. A baseline study from water years 2004–07 collected and evaluated data at three Clear Creek sampling sites. These data included discharge, selected water-quality parameters, and suspended-sediment concentrations, loads, and yields. This study builds on what was learned from the baseline study in water years 2004–07 and serves as a continuation of the data collection and analyses of the Clear Creek discharge regime and associated water-quality and sediment concentrations and loads during water years 2010–12.
\nDuring this study, total annual sediment loads ranged from 355 tons per year in 2010 to 1,768 tons per year in 2011 and were significantly lower than the previous study (water years 2004–07). Bedload represented between 29 and 38 percent of total sediment load in water years 2010–12, and between 72 and 90 percent of the total sediment load in water years 2004–07, which indicates a decrease in bedload between study periods. Annual suspended-sediment loads in water years 2010–12 indicated no significant change from water years 2004–07. Mean daily discharge was significantly lower in water years 2010–12 than in waters years 2004–07 and may be the reason for the decrease in bedload that resulted in a lower total sediment load.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155124","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Nevada Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Huntington, J.M., and Savard, C.S., 2015, Discharge, suspended sediment, bedload, and water quality in Clear Creek, western Nevada, water years 2010–12: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5124, 39 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155124.","productDescription":"vi, 39 p.","numberOfPages":"50","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2009-10-01","temporalEnd":"2010-09-30","ipdsId":"IP-040257","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309378,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5124/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":309379,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5124/sir20155124.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5124 PDF"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Clear Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.91920471191406,\n 39.02665200282546\n ],\n [\n -119.91920471191406,\n 39.188360332930166\n ],\n [\n -119.72333908081055,\n 39.188360332930166\n ],\n [\n -119.72333908081055,\n 39.02665200282546\n ],\n [\n -119.91920471191406,\n 39.02665200282546\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Nevada Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2730 N. Deer Run Rd.
Carson City, NV 89701
http://nevada.usgs.gov/water/
Beginning in 2005, after decades of planning, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) undertook a major construction effort to reduce the effects of flooding on the city of Roanoke, Virginia—the Roanoke River Flood Reduction Project (RRFRP). Prompted by concerns about the potential for RRFRP construction-induced geomorphological instability and sediment liberation and the detrimental effects these responses could have on the endangered Roanoke logperch (Percina rex), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) partnered with the USACE to provide a real-time warning network and a long-term monitoring program to evaluate geomorphological change and sediment transport in the affected river reach. Geomorphological change and suspended-sediment transport are highly interdependent and cumulatively provide a detailed understanding of the sedimentary response, or lack thereof, of the Roanoke River to construction of the RRFRP.
\nBed-sediment composition was usually finer in post-construction than pre-construction measurements, yet the annual changes in composition were not significantly different; thus, there was minimal evidence that RRFRP construction practices alone induced fining of bed materials. Cross-sectional surveys revealed variability in bankfull and base-flow channel geometry metrics, but no significant differences in this variability were detected between pre- and post-construction measurements, excluding designed alterations in channel geometry. A lack of channel-forming streamflow events, however, limited the ability to fully characterize the stability of the constructed channel and floodplain features, as bankfull flow events occurred only 2 of the 8 years of study. Therefore, additional channel surveys may be needed in the future, once sufficient channel-forming events have occurred, to fully assess stability. Relations between turbidity and suspended sediment were statistically indistinguishable between the upstream and downstream limits of the RRFRP construction reach. These relations did not change over time, indicating no significant changes in suspended-sediment composition or source in the construction reach during the period of study.
\nResults of the geomorphological and suspended-sediment monitoring components were largely in agreement and consistent with those of a related effort that monitored the logperch population before and during construction. These findings suggest that construction and sediment-control practices sufficiently protected in-stream habitat and the organisms that inhabit those locations, namely the Roanoke logperch, during the period monitored.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155111","isbn":"978-1-4113-3967-5","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Jastram, J.D., Krstolic, J.L., Moyer, D.L., and Hyer, K.E., 2015, Fluvial geomorphology and suspended-sediment transport during construction of the Roanoke River Flood Reduction Project in Roanoke, Virginia, 2005–2012: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5111, 53 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155111.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 53 p.; Appendixes 2-3","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-061895","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308681,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5111/sir2015-5111_appendix3.pdf","text":"Appendix3","size":"7.35 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5111","linkHelpText":"Photographs for each geomorphology monitoring site, Roanoke, Virginia"},{"id":308652,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5111/sir20155111.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.44 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5111"},{"id":342748,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F77P8WXK","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Annual Channel Geomorphology Cross-Section Surveys 2005-2012 in Roanoke, Virginia"},{"id":308680,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5111/sir2015-5111_appendix2.zip","text":"Appendix 2","size":"1.59 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"SIR 2015-5111","linkHelpText":"Roanoke geomorphology surveys database, also available through the associated USGS data release"},{"id":308651,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5111/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","city":"Roanoke","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.08415222167969,\n 37.232515211349174\n ],\n [\n -80.08415222167969,\n 37.32867264506217\n ],\n [\n -79.89738464355469,\n 37.32867264506217\n ],\n [\n -79.89738464355469,\n 37.232515211349174\n ],\n [\n -80.08415222167969,\n 37.232515211349174\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Virginia Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1730 East Parham Road
Richmond, VA 23228
http://va.water.usgs.gov
An important and sometimes overlooked aspect of contemporary natural gas exploration, development, and delivery activities is the geographic profile and spatial footprint that these activities have on the land surface. The function of many ecosystems and the goods and services they provide, in large part, are the result of their natural spatial arrangement on the landscape. Shale-gas development can create alterations to the pattern of land use and land cover, and represents a specific form of land use and land cover change that can substantially impact critical aspects of the spatial pattern, form, and function of landscape interactions, including many biological responses.
\nThe need for energy resources has created numerous economic opportunities for hydrocarbon extraction in the Appalachian basin. The development of alternative energy natural gas resources from deep-shale drilling techniques, along with conventional natural gas extraction methods, has created a flurry of wells, roads, pipelines, and related infrastructure across many parts of the region. An unintended and sometimes overlooked consequence of these activities is their effect on the structure and function of the landscape and ecosystems. The collective effect of over 100,000 hydrocarbon extraction permits for oil, coal bed methane, Marcellus and Utica Shale natural gas wells, and other types of hydrocarbon gases and their associated infrastructure has saturated much of the landscape and disturbed the natural environment in the Appalachian basin. The disturbance created by the sheer magnitude of the development of these collective wells and infrastructure directly affects how the landscape and ecosystems function and how they provide ecological goods and services.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153064","usgsCitation":"Slonecker, E.T., Milheim, L.E., Roig-Silva, C.M., and Kalaly, S.S., 2015, Effects of hydrocarbon extraction on landscapes of the Appalachian basin: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015–3064, 2 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20153064.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065693","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308980,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3064/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":308981,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3064/fs20153064.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.22 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2015-3064"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.388671875,\n 42.924251753870685\n ],\n [\n -76.6845703125,\n 43.40504748787035\n ],\n [\n -82.880859375,\n 41.42625319507272\n ],\n [\n -82.81494140625,\n 38.53097889440026\n ],\n [\n -83.91357421875,\n 36.63316209558658\n ],\n [\n -79.82666015625,\n 37.16031654673677\n ],\n [\n -77.58544921874999,\n 39.30029918615029\n ],\n [\n -73.388671875,\n 42.924251753870685\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Eastern Geographic Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
521 National Center
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
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http://egsc.usgs.gov
Methods to estimate irrigation withdrawal using nationally available datasets and techniques that are transferable to other agricultural regions were evaluated by the U.S. Geological Survey as part of the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint (ACF) River Basin focus area study of the National Water Census (ACF–FAS). These methods investigated the spatial, temporal, and quantitative distributions of water withdrawal for irrigation in the southwestern Georgia region of the ACF–FAS, filling a vital need to inform science-based decisions regarding resource management and conservation. The crop– demand method assumed that only enough water is pumped onto a crop to satisfy the deficit between evapotranspiration and precipitation. A second method applied a geostatistical regimen of variography and conditional simulation to monthly metered irrigation withdrawal to estimate irrigation withdrawal where data do not exist. A third method analyzed Landsat satellite imagery using an automated approach to generate monthly estimates of irrigated lands. These methods were evaluated independently and compared collectively with measured water withdrawal information available in the Georgia part of the ACF–FAS, principally in the Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin. An assessment of each method’s contribution to the National Water Census program was also made to identify transfer value of the methods to the national program and other water census studies. None of the three methods evaluated represent a turnkey process to estimate irrigation withdrawal on any spatial (local or regional) or temporal (monthly or annual) extent. Each method requires additional information on agricultural practices during the growing season to complete the withdrawal estimation process. Spatial and temporal limitations inherent in identifying irrigated acres during the growing season, and in designing spatially and temporally representative monitor (meter) networks, can belie the ability of the methods to produce accurate irrigation-withdrawal estimates that can be used to produce dependable and consistent assessments of water availability and use for the National Water Census. Emerging satellite-data products and techniques for data analysis can generate high spatial-resolution estimates of irrigated-acres distributions with near-term temporal frequencies compatible with the needs of the ACF–FAS and the National Water Census.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155118","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Water Census Program","usgsCitation":"Painter, J.A., Torak, L.J., and Jones, J.W., 2015, Evaluation and comparison of methods to estimate irrigation withdrawal for the National Water Census Focus Area Study of the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin in southwestern Georgia, U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations ReportDirector, South Atlantic Water Science Center
North Carolina–South Carolina–Georgia
720 Gracern Road, Suite 129
Columbia, SC 29210
Phone: (803) 750-6100
http://ga.water.usgs.gov/
Trends in water quality and quantity were assessed for 11 major reservoirs of the Brazos and Colorado river basins in the southern Great Plains (maximum period of record, 1965–2010). Water quality, major contributing-stream inflow, storage, local precipitation, and basin-wide total water withdrawals were analyzed. Inflow and storage decreased and total phosphorus increased in most reservoirs. The overall, warmest-, or coldest-monthly temperatures increased in 7 reservoirs, decreased in 1 reservoir, and did not significantly change in 3 reservoirs. The most common monotonic trend in salinity-related variables (specific conductance, chloride, sulfate) was one of no change, and when significant change occurred, it was inconsistent among reservoirs. No significant change was detected in monthly sums of local precipitation. Annual water withdrawals increased in both basins, but the increase was significant (P < 0.05) only in the Colorado River and marginally significant (P < 0.1) in the Brazos River. Salinity-related variables dominated spatial variability in water quality data due to the presence of high- and low-salinity reservoirs in both basins. These observations present a landscape in the Brazos and Colorado river basins where, in the last ∼40 years, reservoir inflow and storage generally decreased, eutrophication generally increased, and water temperature generally increased in at least 1 of 3 temperature indicators evaluated. Because local precipitation remained generally stable, observed reductions in reservoir inflow and storage during the study period may be attributable to other proximate factors, including increased water withdrawals (at least in the Colorado River basin) or decreased runoff from contributing watersheds.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10402381.2015.1074324","usgsCitation":"Dawson, D., VanLandeghem, M.M., Asquith, W.H., and Patino, R., 2015, Long-term trends in reservoir water quality and quantity in two major river basins of the southern Great Plains: Land and Reservoir Management, v. 31, no. 3, p. 254-279, https://doi.org/10.1080/10402381.2015.1074324.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"254","endPage":"279","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051545","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324201,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Brazos and Colorado River basins, southern Great Plains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n 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