The recent release of MODFLOW-USG, which allows model grids to have irregular, unstructured connections, requires a modification of the particle-tracking algorithm used by MODPATH. This paper describes a modification of the semi-analytical particle-tracking algorithm used by MODPATH that allows it to be extended to rectangular-based unstructured grids by dividing grid cells with multi-cell face connections into sub-cells. The new method will be incorporated in the next version of MODPATH which is currently under development.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Water Well Journal Pub. Co.","publisherLocation":"Worthington, OH","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12328","usgsCitation":"Pollock, D.W., 2016, Extending the MODPATH algorithm to rectangular unstructured grids: Ground Water, v. 54, no. 1, p. 121-125, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12328.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"121","endPage":"125","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058252","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":317992,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bf1051e4b06458514b68fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pollock, David W. dwpolloc@usgs.gov","contributorId":4248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollock","given":"David","email":"dwpolloc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70168668,"text":"70168668 - 2016 - Climate variables explain neutral and adaptive variation within salmonid metapopulations: The importance of replication in landscape genetics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-13T09:09:12","indexId":"70168668","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2774,"text":"Molecular Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate variables explain neutral and adaptive variation within salmonid metapopulations: The importance of replication in landscape genetics","docAbstract":"Understanding how environmental variation influences population genetic structure is important for conservation management because it can reveal how human stressors influence population connectivity, genetic diversity and persistence. We used riverscape genetics modelling to assess whether climatic and habitat variables were related to neutral and adaptive patterns of genetic differentiation (population-specific and pairwise FST) within five metapopulations (79 populations, 4583 individuals) of steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the Columbia River Basin, USA. Using 151 putatively neutral and 29 candidate adaptive SNP loci, we found that climate-related variables (winter precipitation, summer maximum temperature, winter highest 5% flow events and summer mean flow) best explained neutral and adaptive patterns of genetic differentiation within metapopulations, suggesting that climatic variation likely influences both demography (neutral variation) and local adaptation (adaptive variation). However, we did not observe consistent relationships between climate variables and FST across all metapopulations, underscoring the need for replication when extrapolating results from one scale to another (e.g. basin-wide to the metapopulation scale). Sensitivity analysis (leave-one-population-out) revealed consistent relationships between climate variables and FST within three metapopulations; however, these patterns were not consistent in two metapopulations likely due to small sample sizes (N = 10). These results provide correlative evidence that climatic variation has shaped the genetic structure of steelhead populations and highlight the need for replication and sensitivity analyses in land and riverscape genetics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/mec.13517","usgsCitation":"Hand, B., Muhlfeld, C.C., Wade, A., Kovach, R., Whited, D.C., Narum, S.R., Matala, A.P., Ackerman, M.W., Garner, B.A., Kimball, J., Stanford, J.A., and Luikart, G., 2016, Climate variables explain neutral and adaptive variation within salmonid metapopulations: The importance of replication in landscape genetics: Molecular Ecology, v. 25, no. 3, p. 689-705, https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13517.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"689","endPage":"705","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059706","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488408,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1804948","text":"External Repository"},{"id":318363,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.45312499999999,\n 42.61779143282346\n ],\n [\n -112.9833984375,\n 42.61779143282346\n ],\n [\n -112.9833984375,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -124.45312499999999,\n 49.009050809382046\n ],\n [\n -124.45312499999999,\n 42.61779143282346\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56cee252e4b015c306ec5e8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hand, Brian K.","contributorId":139248,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hand","given":"Brian K.","affiliations":[{"id":12707,"text":"Flathead Lake Biological Station, Fish and Wildlife Genomics Group, University of Montana, Polson, MT 59860","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Muhlfeld, Clint C. 0000-0002-4599-4059 cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4599-4059","contributorId":924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhlfeld","given":"Clint","email":"cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wade, Alisa A.","contributorId":145917,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wade","given":"Alisa A.","affiliations":[{"id":16296,"text":"University of Montana, Polson Montana 59860 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kovach, Ryan 0000-0001-5402-2123 rkovach@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5402-2123","contributorId":145914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kovach","given":"Ryan","email":"rkovach@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Whited, Diane C.","contributorId":145916,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whited","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":16296,"text":"University of Montana, Polson Montana 59860 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Narum, Shawn R.","contributorId":167146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Narum","given":"Shawn","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13314,"text":"Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Matala, Andrew P.","contributorId":167147,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matala","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":13314,"text":"Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ackerman, Michael W.","contributorId":167163,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Garner, B. A.","contributorId":140387,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garner","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621269,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kimball, John S","contributorId":167148,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kimball","given":"John S","affiliations":[{"id":5091,"text":"Flathead Lake Biological Station, Fish and Wildlife Genomics Group, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Polson, MT 59860, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Stanford, Jack A.","contributorId":150193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stanford","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621225,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Luikart, Gordon","contributorId":97409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luikart","given":"Gordon","affiliations":[{"id":6580,"text":"University of Montana, Flathead Lake Biological Station, Polson, Montana 59860, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621226,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70161854,"text":"fs20163001 - 2016 - Assessment of undiscovered gas resources of the Thrace Basin, Turkey, 2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-15T15:00:10","indexId":"fs20163001","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-3001","title":"Assessment of undiscovered gas resources of the Thrace Basin, Turkey, 2015","docAbstract":"Using a geology-based assessment methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey assessed undiscovered, technically recoverable mean resources of 787 billion cubic feet of conventional gas and 1,630 billion cubic feet of unconventional gas in the Thrace Basin, Turkey.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20163001","usgsCitation":"Schenk, C.J., Klett, T.R., Tennyson, M.E., Pitman, J.K., Gaswirth, S.B., Le, P.A., Leathers-Miller, H.M., Mercier, T.J., Marra, K.R., Hawkins, S.J., and Brownfield, M.E., 2016, Assessment of undiscovered gas resources of the Thrace Basin, Turkey, 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2016–3001, 2 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20163001.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070442","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314887,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3001/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":314888,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3001/fs20163001.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.53 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2016-3001"}],"country":"Turkey","otherGeospatial":"Thrace Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 26.597900390625,\n 40.49709237269567\n ],\n [\n 26.597900390625,\n 41.95949009892465\n ],\n [\n 29.102783203125,\n 41.95949009892465\n ],\n [\n 29.102783203125,\n 40.49709237269567\n ],\n [\n 26.597900390625,\n 40.49709237269567\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Energy Resources Science Center
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Box 25046, MS-939
Denver Federal Center
Denver, CO 80225-0046
http://energy.usgs.gov
Lowland boreal forest ecosystems in Alaska are dominated by wetlands comprised of a complex mosaic of fens, collapse-scar bogs, low shrub/scrub, and forests growing on elevated ice-rich permafrost soils. Thermokarst has affected the lowlands of the Tanana Flats in central Alaska for centuries, as thawing permafrost collapses forests that transition to wetlands. Located within the discontinuous permafrost zone, this region has significantly warmed over the past half-century, and much of these carbon-rich permafrost soils are now within ~0.5 °C of thawing. Increased permafrost thaw in lowland boreal forests in response to warming may have consequences for the climate system. This study evaluates the trajectories and potential drivers of 60 years of forest change in a landscape subjected to permafrost thaw in unburned dominant forest types (paper birch and black spruce) associated with location on elevated permafrost plateau and across multiple time periods (1949, 1978, 1986, 1998, and 2009) using historical and contemporary aerial and satellite images for change detection. We developed (i) a deterministic statistical model to evaluate the potential climatic controls on forest change using gradient boosting and regression tree analysis, and (ii) a 30 × 30 m land cover map of the Tanana Flats to estimate the potential landscape-level losses of forest area due to thermokarst from 1949 to 2009. Over the 60-year period, we observed a nonlinear loss of birch forests and a relatively continuous gain of spruce forest associated with thermokarst and forest succession, while gradient boosting/regression tree models identify precipitation and forest fragmentation as the primary factors controlling birch and spruce forest change, respectively. Between 1950 and 2009, landscape-level analysis estimates a transition of ~15 km² or ~7% of birch forests to wetlands, where the greatest change followed warm periods. This work highlights that the vulnerability and resilience of lowland ice-rich permafrost ecosystems to climate changes depend on forest type.
","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","doi":"10.1111/gcb.13124","usgsCitation":"Lara, M., Genet, H., McGuire, A.D., Euskirchen, E., Zhang, Y., Brown, D.R., Jorgenson, M., Romanovsky, V., Breen, A.L., and Bolton, W., 2016, Thermokarst rates intensify due to climate change and forest fragmentation in an Alaskan boreal forest lowland: Global Change Biology, v. 22, no. 2, p. 816-829, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13124.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"816","endPage":"829","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067107","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487093,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1401401","text":"External Repository"},{"id":319360,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Tanana Flats","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -146.7279052734375,\n 64.29705772139192\n ],\n [\n -146.7718505859375,\n 64.31849111981204\n ],\n [\n -146.85974121093747,\n 64.33039136366138\n ],\n [\n -146.9586181640625,\n 64.39931146138198\n ],\n [\n -147.0135498046875,\n 64.42777961851408\n ],\n [\n -146.964111328125,\n 64.49882087569566\n ],\n [\n -147.0355224609375,\n 64.51773408905306\n ],\n [\n -147.06298828125,\n 64.55316108653571\n ],\n [\n -147.1453857421875,\n 64.60268165499696\n ],\n [\n -147.227783203125,\n 64.62858508010181\n ],\n [\n -147.2882080078125,\n 64.68736477621857\n ],\n [\n -147.403564453125,\n 64.73195224826483\n ],\n [\n -147.535400390625,\n 64.76944266707025\n ],\n [\n -147.7496337890625,\n 64.79518717004242\n ],\n [\n -147.90344238281247,\n 64.78582837449026\n ],\n [\n -148.0023193359375,\n 64.77880714659877\n ],\n [\n -148.1341552734375,\n 64.72491700255974\n ],\n [\n -148.271484375,\n 64.68031793418317\n ],\n [\n -148.38684082031247,\n 64.65681522497661\n ],\n [\n -148.480224609375,\n 64.65211223878967\n ],\n [\n -148.5845947265625,\n 64.64740843756522\n ],\n [\n -148.6724853515625,\n 64.63799838956571\n ],\n [\n -148.656005859375,\n 64.58382729385322\n ],\n [\n -148.60107421875,\n 64.61445899874353\n ],\n [\n -148.5076904296875,\n 64.6168138555028\n ],\n [\n -148.458251953125,\n 64.58146958015028\n ],\n [\n -148.40332031249997,\n 64.543718384468\n ],\n [\n -148.30993652343747,\n 64.51773408905306\n ],\n [\n -148.2110595703125,\n 64.45384948864441\n ],\n [\n -148.1396484375,\n 64.37794095121995\n ],\n [\n -147.98583984375,\n 64.32563188307633\n ],\n [\n -147.7880859375,\n 64.26606893454858\n ],\n [\n -147.601318359375,\n 64.19442343702703\n ],\n [\n -147.5628662109375,\n 64.12019460255497\n ],\n [\n -147.568359375,\n 64.05297838071347\n ],\n [\n -147.469482421875,\n 64.0914075226231\n ],\n [\n -147.41455078125,\n 64.08660677881706\n ],\n [\n -147.2552490234375,\n 64.06499318301724\n ],\n [\n -147.0904541015625,\n 64.0914075226231\n ],\n [\n -146.9476318359375,\n 64.08180520696276\n ],\n [\n -146.7938232421875,\n 64.0890072542193\n ],\n [\n -146.76635742187497,\n 64.16092532332391\n ],\n [\n -146.7388916015625,\n 64.2231039063906\n ],\n [\n -146.7279052734375,\n 64.29705772139192\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f50fd4e4b0f59b85e1ebe5","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/gcb.13124","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13124","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Lara Mark J., Genet Hélène, McGuire Anthony D., Euskirchen Eugénie S., Zhang Yujin, Brown Dana R. 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N.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":623610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jorgenson, M.T.","contributorId":26889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jorgenson","given":"M.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Romanovsky, V.","contributorId":86934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanovsky","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Breen, Amy L.","contributorId":81396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breen","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Bolton, W.R.","contributorId":90531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolton","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70117462,"text":"70117462 - 2016 - Spatial variations in immediate greenhouse gases and aerosol emissions and resulting radiative forcing from wildfires in interior Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-17T19:18:05","indexId":"70117462","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5175,"text":"Theoretical and Applied Climatology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial variations in immediate greenhouse gases and aerosol emissions and resulting radiative forcing from wildfires in interior Alaska","docAbstract":"Boreal fires can cool the climate; however, this conclusion came from individual fires and may not represent the whole story. We hypothesize that the climatic impact of boreal fires depends on local landscape heterogeneity such as burn severity, prefire vegetation type, and soil properties. To test this hypothesis, spatially explicit emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and aerosols and their resulting radiative forcing are required as an important and necessary component towards a full assessment. In this study, we integrated remote sensing (Landsat and MODIS) and models (carbon consumption model, emission factors model, and radiative forcing model) to calculate the carbon consumption, GHGs and aerosol emissions, and their radiative forcing of 2001–2010 fires at 30 m resolution in the Yukon River Basin of Alaska. Total carbon consumption showed significant spatial variation, with a mean of 2,615 g C m−2 and a standard deviation of 2,589 g C m−2. The carbon consumption led to different amounts of GHGs and aerosol emissions, ranging from 593.26 Tg (CO2) to 0.16 Tg (N2O). When converted to equivalent CO2 based on global warming potential metric, the maximum 20 years equivalent CO2 was black carbon (713.77 Tg), and the lowest 20 years equivalent CO2 was organic carbon (−583.13 Tg). The resulting radiative forcing also showed significant spatial variation: CO2, CH4, and N2O can cause a 20-year mean radiative forcing of 7.41 W m−2 with a standard deviation of 2.87 W m−2. This emission forcing heterogeneity indicates that different boreal fires have different climatic impacts. When considering the spatial variation of other forcings, such as surface shortwave forcing, we may conclude that some boreal fires, especially boreal deciduous fires, can warm the climate.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"New York","doi":"10.1007/s00704-015-1379-0","usgsCitation":"Huang, S., Liu, H., Dahal, D., Jin, S., Li, S., and Liu, S., 2016, Spatial variations in immediate greenhouse gases and aerosol emissions and resulting radiative forcing from wildfires in interior Alaska: Theoretical and Applied Climatology, v. 123, no. 3, p. 581-592, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-015-1379-0.","startPage":"581","endPage":"592","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058246","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326645,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"123","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b58b5de4b03bcb0104bc6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huang, Shengli shuang@usgs.gov","contributorId":1926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huang","given":"Shengli","email":"shuang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":519096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Heping","contributorId":117909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Heping","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dahal, Devendra 0000-0001-9594-1249 ddahal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9594-1249","contributorId":5622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dahal","given":"Devendra","email":"ddahal@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jin, Suming 0000-0001-9919-8077 sjin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9919-8077","contributorId":4397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jin","given":"Suming","email":"sjin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Li, Shuang","contributorId":116219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Li","given":"Shuang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Liu, Shu-Guang sliu@usgs.gov","contributorId":984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liu","given":"Shu-Guang","email":"sliu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":519095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70164312,"text":"70164312 - 2016 - Post-eruptive inflation of Okmok Volcano, Alaska, from InSAR, 2008–2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-01T11:00:28","indexId":"70164312","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-eruptive inflation of Okmok Volcano, Alaska, from InSAR, 2008–2014","docAbstract":"Okmok, a ~10-km wide caldera that occupies most of the northeastern end of Umnak Island, is one of the most active volcanoes in the Aleutian arc. The most recent eruption at Okmok during July-August 2008 was by far its largest and most explosive since at least the early 19th century. We investigate post-eruptive magma supply and storage at the volcano during 2008–2014 by analyzing all available synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of Okmok acquired during that time period using the multi-temporal InSAR technique. Data from the C-band Envisat and X-band TerraSAR-X satellites indicate that Okmok started inflating very soon after the end of 2008 eruption at a time-variable rate of 48-130 mm/y, consistent with GPS measurements. The “model-assisted” phase unwrapping method is applied to improve the phase unwrapping operation for long temporal baseline pairs. The InSAR time-series is used as input for deformation source modeling, which suggests magma accumulating at variable rates in a shallow storage zone at ~3.9 km below sea level beneath the summit caldera, consistent with previous studies. The modeled volume accumulation in the 6 years following the 2008 eruption is ~75% of the 1997 eruption volume and ~25% of the 2008 eruption volume.
","language":"English","publisher":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","doi":"10.3390/rs71215839","usgsCitation":"Qu, F., Lu, Z., Poland, M.P., Freymueller, J.T., Zhang, Q., and Jung, H., 2016, Post-eruptive inflation of Okmok Volcano, Alaska, from InSAR, 2008–2014: Remote Sensing, v. 7, no. 12, p. 16778-16794, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs71215839.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"16778","endPage":"16794","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069602","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471268,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs71215839","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":316377,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Okmok Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -168.46572875976562,\n 53.26685566290742\n ],\n [\n -168.46572875976562,\n 53.570491879287\n ],\n [\n -167.772216796875,\n 53.570491879287\n ],\n [\n -167.772216796875,\n 53.26685566290742\n ],\n [\n -168.46572875976562,\n 53.26685566290742\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b081bde4b010e2af2a11ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Qu, Feifei","contributorId":156236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Qu","given":"Feifei","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":20301,"text":"SMU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":596945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lu, Zhong 0000-0001-9181-1818 lu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-1818","contributorId":901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Zhong","email":"lu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":596946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":146118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":596944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Freymueller, Jeffrey T.","contributorId":97458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freymueller","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zhang, Qin","contributorId":156237,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Qin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":20301,"text":"SMU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":596948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jung, Hyung-Sup","contributorId":58382,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jung","given":"Hyung-Sup","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":596949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70164311,"text":"70164311 - 2016 - Dome growth at Mount Cleveland, Aleutian Arc, quantified by time-series TerraSAR-X imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-01T11:10:02","indexId":"70164311","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dome growth at Mount Cleveland, Aleutian Arc, quantified by time-series TerraSAR-X imagery","docAbstract":"Synthetic aperture radar imagery is widely used to study surface deformation induced by volcanic activity; however, it is rarely applied to quantify the evolution of lava domes, which is important for understanding hazards and magmatic system characteristics. We studied dome formation associated with eruptive activity at Mount Cleveland, Aleutian Volcanic Arc, in 2011–2012 using TerraSAR-X imagery. Interferometry and offset tracking show no consistent deformation and only motion of the crater rim, suggesting that ascending magma may pass through a preexisting conduit system without causing appreciable surface deformation. Amplitude imagery has proven useful for quantifying rates of vertical and areal growth of the lava dome within the crater from formation to removal by explosive activity to rebirth. We expect that this approach can be applied at other volcanoes that host growing lava domes and where hazards are highly dependent on dome geometry and growth rates.
","language":"English","publisher":"Americal Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015GL066784","usgsCitation":"Wang, T., Poland, M.P., and Lu, Z., 2016, Dome growth at Mount Cleveland, Aleutian Arc, quantified by time-series TerraSAR-X imagery: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 42, no. 24, p. 10614-10621, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL066784.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"10614","endPage":"10621","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070279","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316381,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Mount Cleveland","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -170.01651763916016,\n 52.78220817434916\n ],\n [\n -170.01651763916016,\n 52.86063195166758\n ],\n [\n -169.8651123046875,\n 52.86063195166758\n ],\n [\n -169.8651123046875,\n 52.78220817434916\n ],\n [\n -170.01651763916016,\n 52.78220817434916\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"24","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b081bae4b010e2af2a1181","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Teng","contributorId":156235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Teng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":20300,"text":"Southern Methodist University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":596942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":146118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":596941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lu, Zhong 0000-0001-9181-1818 lu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-1818","contributorId":901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Zhong","email":"lu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":596943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70164313,"text":"70164313 - 2016 - The 2014-2015 Pāhoa lava flow crisis at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i: Disaster avoided and lessons learned","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-01T10:53:46","indexId":"70164313","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1728,"text":"GSA Today","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 2014-2015 Pāhoa lava flow crisis at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i: Disaster avoided and lessons learned","docAbstract":"Lava flow crises are nothing new on the Island of Hawai‘i, where their destructive force has been demonstrated repeatedly over the past several hundred years. The 2014–2015 Pāhoa lava flow crisis, however, was unique in terms of its societal impact and volcanological characteristics. Despite low effusion rates, a long-lived lava flow whose extent reached 20 km (the longest at Kīlauea Volcano in the past several hundred years) was poised for months to impact thousands of people, although direct impacts were ultimately minor (thus far). Careful observation of the flow reaffirmed and expanded knowledge of the processes associated with pāhoehoe emplacement, including the direct correlation between summit pressurization and flow advance, the influence of existing geologic structures on flow pathways, and the possible relationship between effusion rate and flow length. Communicating uncertainty associated with lava flow hazards was a challenge throughout the crisis, but online distribution of information and direct contact with residents proved to be effective strategies for keeping the public informed and educated about flow progress and how lava flows work (including forecasting limitations). Volcanological and sociological lessons will be important for inevitable future lava flow crises in Hawai‘i and, potentially, elsewhere in the world.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GSATG262A.1","usgsCitation":"Poland, M.P., Orr, T.R., Kauahikaua, J.P., Brantley, S., Babb, J.L., Patrick, M.R., Neal, C.A., Anderson, K.R., Antolik, L., Burgess, M.K., Elias, T., Fuke, S., Fukunaga, P., Johanson, I.A., Kagimoto, M., Kamibayashi, K.P., Lee, L., Miklius, A., Million, W., Moniz, C.J., Okubo, P.G., Sutton, A., Takahashi, T., Thelen, W.A., Tollett, W., and Trusdell, F., 2016, The 2014-2015 Pāhoa lava flow crisis at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i: Disaster avoided and lessons learned: GSA Today, v. 26, no. 2, p. 4-10, https://doi.org/10.1130/GSATG262A.1.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"4","endPage":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068957","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316373,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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The increase in mercury deposition to these systems over the past century, coupled with their limited exposure to direct anthropogenic disturbance make them useful indicators for estimating how changes in mercury emissions may propagate to changes in Hg bioaccumulation and ecological risk. We evaluated mercury concentrations in resident fish from 28 high-elevation, sub-alpine lakes in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Fish total mercury (THg) concentrations ranged from 4 to 438 ng/g wet weight, with a geometric mean concentration (±standard error) of 43 ± 2 ng/g ww. Fish THg concentrations were negatively correlated with relative condition factor, indicating that faster growing fish that are in better condition have lower THg concentrations. Across the 28 study lakes, mean THg concentrations of resident salmonid fishes varied as much as 18-fold among lakes. We used a hierarchal statistical approach to evaluate the relative importance of physiological, limnological, and catchment drivers of fish Hg concentrations. Our top statistical model explained 87% of the variability in fish THg concentrations among lakes with four key landscape and limnological variables: catchment conifer density (basal area of conifers within a lake's catchment), lake surface area, aqueous dissolved sulfate, and dissolved organic carbon. Conifer density within a lake's catchment was the most important variable explaining fish THg concentrations across lakes, with THg concentrations differing by more than 400 percent across the forest density spectrum. These results illustrate the importance of landscape characteristics in controlling mercury bioaccumulation in fish.
","language":"English","publisher":"Applied Science Publishers","publisherLocation":"Essex, England","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.049","usgsCitation":"Eagles-Smith, C.A., Herring, G., Johnson, B., and Graw, R., 2016, Conifer density within lake catchments predicts fish mercury concentrations in remote subalpine lakes: Environmental Pollution, v. 212, p. 279-289, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.049.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"279","endPage":"289","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071287","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471270,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.049","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":316722,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"212","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bb1bbde4b08d617f654de4","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.049","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.049","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Eagles-Smith Collin A., Herring Garth, Johnson Branden, Graw Rick","journalName":"Environmental Pollution","publicationDate":"5/2016","publiclyAccessibleDate":"2/5/2017"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herring, Garth 0000-0003-1106-4731 gherring@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1106-4731","contributorId":4403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herring","given":"Garth","email":"gherring@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Branden L. branden_johnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":4168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Branden L.","email":"branden_johnson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Graw, Rick","contributorId":77824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graw","given":"Rick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70168703,"text":"70168703 - 2016 - Endangered species management and ecosystem restoration: Finding the common ground","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T09:54:00","indexId":"70168703","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1468,"text":"Ecology and Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Endangered species management and ecosystem restoration: Finding the common ground","docAbstract":"Management actions to protect endangered species and conserve ecosystem function may not always be in precise alignment. Efforts to recover the California Ridgway’s Rail (Rallus obsoletus obsoletus; hereafter, California rail), a federally and state-listed species, and restoration of tidal marsh ecosystems in the San Francisco Bay estuary provide a prime example of habitat restoration that has conflicted with species conservation. On the brink of extinction from habitat loss and degradation, and non-native predators in the 1990s, California rail populations responded positively to introduction of a non-native plant, Atlantic cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora). California rail populations were in substantial decline when the non-native Spartina was initially introduced as part of efforts to recover tidal marshes. Subsequent hybridization with the native Pacific cordgrass (Spartina foliosa) boosted California rail populations by providing greater cover and increased habitat area. The hybrid cordgrass (S. alterniflora × S. foliosa) readily invaded tidal mudflats and channels, and both crowded out native tidal marsh plants and increased sediment accretion in the marsh plain. This resulted in modification of tidal marsh geomorphology, hydrology, productivity, and species composition. Our results show that denser California rail populations occur in invasive Spartina than in native Spartina in San Francisco Bay. Herbicide treatment between 2005 and 2012 removed invasive Spartina from open intertidal mud and preserved foraging habitat for shorebirds. However, removal of invasive Spartina caused substantial decreases in California rail populations. Unknown facets of California rail ecology, undesirable interim stages of tidal marsh restoration, and competing management objectives among stakeholders resulted in management planning for endangered species or ecosystem restoration that favored one goal over the other. We have examined this perceived conflict and propose strategies for moderating harmful effects of restoration while meeting the needs of both endangered species and the imperiled native marsh ecosystem.
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mussel","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-21T14:34:00","indexId":"70170547","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Physical and chemical constraints limit the habitat window for an endangered mussel","docAbstract":"Development of effective conservation and restoration strategies for freshwater pearly mussels requires identification of environmental constraints on the distributions of individual mussel species. We examined whether the spatial distribution of the endangered Alasmidonta heterodon in Flat Brook, a tributary of the upper Delaware River, was constrained by water chemistry (i.e., calcium availability), bed mobility, or both. Alasmidonta heterodon populations were bracketed between upstream reaches that were under-saturated with respect to aragonite and downstream reaches that were saturated for aragonite during summer baseflow but had steep channels with high bed mobility. Variability in bed mobility and water chemistry along the length of Flat Brook create a “habitat window” for A. heterodon defined by bed stability (mobility index ≤1) and aragonite saturation (saturation index ≥1). We suggest the species may exist in a narrow biogeochemical window that is seasonally near saturation. Alasmidonta heterodon populations may be susceptible to climate change or anthropogenic disturbances that increase discharge, decrease groundwater inflow or chemistry, and thus affect either bed mobility or aragonite saturation. Identifying the biogeochemical microhabitats and requirements of individual mussel species and incorporating this knowledge into management decisions should enhance the conservation and restoration of endangered mussel species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht","doi":"10.1007/s10750-016-2642-9","usgsCitation":"Campbell, C., and Prestegaard, K.L., 2016, Physical and chemical constraints limit the habitat window for an endangered mussel: Hydrobiologia, v. 772, no. 1, p. 77-91, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-016-2642-9.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"77","endPage":"91","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063033","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320499,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Flat brook watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.74754333496092,\n 41.20371449905825\n ],\n [\n -74.72763061523438,\n 41.21611203632415\n ],\n [\n -74.7128677368164,\n 41.223084618644435\n ],\n [\n -74.70085144042967,\n 41.24348160850505\n ],\n [\n -74.68505859374999,\n 41.263098022611466\n ],\n [\n -74.6696090698242,\n 41.27703242132324\n ],\n [\n -74.66068267822266,\n 41.290963845888356\n ],\n [\n -74.65965270996094,\n 41.30282900969834\n ],\n [\n -74.65965270996094,\n 41.314176277103385\n ],\n [\n -74.66892242431639,\n 41.32809976969038\n ],\n [\n -74.68952178955078,\n 41.315207748938164\n ],\n [\n -74.69913482666016,\n 41.30618181697833\n ],\n [\n -74.71115112304688,\n 41.2938013640244\n ],\n [\n -74.72248077392578,\n 41.29560699312263\n ],\n [\n -74.73209381103516,\n 41.29870224100776\n ],\n [\n -74.74685668945312,\n 41.299733957661566\n ],\n [\n -74.76058959960938,\n 41.29896017170129\n ],\n [\n -74.77500915527344,\n 41.29896017170129\n ],\n [\n -74.78702545166016,\n 41.29767050803326\n ],\n [\n -74.7952651977539,\n 41.29147976745683\n ],\n [\n -74.80693817138672,\n 41.286836326460694\n ],\n [\n -74.81449127197266,\n 41.27883851451407\n ],\n [\n -74.81861114501953,\n 41.27677440393049\n ],\n [\n -74.82444763183594,\n 41.26929145587208\n ],\n [\n -74.82925415039062,\n 41.25716209782705\n ],\n [\n -74.83955383300781,\n 41.25019314990133\n ],\n [\n -74.8447036743164,\n 41.243997905395204\n ],\n [\n -74.84779357910156,\n 41.23857658460282\n ],\n [\n -74.85088348388672,\n 41.22799080504546\n ],\n [\n -74.85328674316406,\n 41.21456247263966\n ],\n [\n -74.85912322998047,\n 41.203197884024746\n ],\n [\n -74.86701965332031,\n 41.188472641161425\n ],\n [\n -74.87800598144531,\n 41.17813715950835\n ],\n [\n -74.88624572753906,\n 41.16288934671815\n ],\n [\n -74.8996353149414,\n 41.14737945716171\n ],\n [\n -74.90959167480469,\n 41.13729606112276\n ],\n [\n -74.92504119873047,\n 41.12798693490564\n ],\n [\n -74.93602752685547,\n 41.123590499468285\n ],\n [\n -74.95319366455078,\n 41.11660732012894\n ],\n [\n -74.96383666992188,\n 41.10651919385192\n ],\n [\n -74.96555328369139,\n 41.099534198380844\n ],\n [\n -74.95765686035155,\n 41.095394591235085\n ],\n [\n -74.94598388671875,\n 41.09151347260093\n ],\n [\n -74.92881774902344,\n 41.10134519447027\n ],\n [\n -74.90856170654297,\n 41.10832999732833\n ],\n [\n -74.88967895507812,\n 41.11246878918086\n ],\n [\n -74.8604965209961,\n 41.12824553958186\n ],\n [\n -74.85397338867188,\n 41.13677892209895\n ],\n [\n -74.84092712402342,\n 41.14453557935463\n ],\n [\n -74.8175811767578,\n 41.15565185493398\n ],\n [\n -74.78771209716797,\n 41.17426093335106\n ],\n [\n -74.77432250976562,\n 41.183821876278515\n ],\n [\n -74.74754333496092,\n 41.20371449905825\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"772","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"571f3fd8e4b071321fe56a74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, Cara ccampbell@usgs.gov","contributorId":2371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Cara","email":"ccampbell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":627583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prestegaard, Karen L.","contributorId":23266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prestegaard","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70169024,"text":"70169024 - 2016 - Does biodiversity protect humans against infectious disease? Reply","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-17T20:24:50.855583","indexId":"70169024","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does biodiversity protect humans against infectious disease? Reply","docAbstract":"The dilution effect is the sort of idea that everyone wants to be true. If nature protects humans against infectious disease, imagine the implications: nature's value could be tallied in terms of human suffering avoided. This makes a potent argument for conservation, convincing even to those who would otherwise be disinclined to support conservation initiatives. The appeal of the dilution effect has been recognized by others: “the desire to make the case for conservation has led to broad claims regarding the benefits of nature conservation for human health” (Bauch et al. 2015). Randolph and Dobson (2012) were among the first to critique these claims, making the case that promotion of conservation to reduce Lyme disease risk, although well intentioned, was flawed. Along with Randolph and Dobson's critique, there have been several calls for a more nuanced scientific assessment of the relationship between biodiversity and disease transmission (Dunn 2010, Salkeld et al. 2013, Wood and Lafferty 2013, Young et al. 2013). In response, supporters of the dilution effect have instead increased the scope of their generalizations with review papers, press releases, and, like Levi et al. (2015), letters. These responses have been successful; it is not uncommon to read papers that repeat the assertion that biodiversity generally interferes with disease transmission and that conservation will therefore generally benefit human health. Here, we explain how Levi et al. (2015) and other, similar commentaries use selective interpretation and shifting definitions to argue for the generality of the dilution effect hypothesis.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Brooklyn, NY","doi":"10.1890/15-1503.1","usgsCitation":"Wood, C., Lafferty, K.D., DeLeo, G., Young, H.S., Hudson, P., and Kuris, A.M., 2016, Does biodiversity protect humans against infectious disease? Reply: Ecology, v. 97, no. 2, p. 543-546, https://doi.org/10.1890/15-1503.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"543","endPage":"546","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069419","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471273,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/117557","text":"External Repository"},{"id":318810,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-03-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56e3fa41e4b0f59b85d4940a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Chelsea L.","contributorId":36866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"Chelsea L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeLeo, Giulio","contributorId":147447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeLeo","given":"Giulio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16854,"text":"Standford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":622563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Young, Hillary S.","contributorId":53711,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Young","given":"Hillary","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":13007,"text":"Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":622564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hudson, Peter J.","contributorId":85056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"Peter J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kuris, Armand M.","contributorId":54332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuris","given":"Armand","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70164449,"text":"70164449 - 2016 - Reflectance spectroscopy (0.35–8 μm) of ammonium-bearing minerals and qualitative comparison to Ceres-like asteroids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-05T09:15:58","indexId":"70164449","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reflectance spectroscopy (0.35–8 μm) of ammonium-bearing minerals and qualitative comparison to Ceres-like asteroids","docAbstract":"Ammonium-bearing minerals have been suggested to be present on Mars, Ceres, and various asteroids and comets. We undertook a systematic study of the spectral reflectance properties of ammonium-bearing minerals and compounds that have possible planetary relevance (i.e., ammonium carbonates, chlorides, nitrates, oxalates, phosphates, silicates, and sulfates). Various synthetic and natural NH4+-bearing minerals were analyzed using reflectance spectroscopy in the long-wave ultraviolet, visible, near-infrared, and mid-infrared regions (0.35–8 μm) in order to identify spectral features characteristic of the NH4+ molecule, and to evaluate if and how these features vary among different species. Mineral phases were confirmed through structural and compositional analyses using X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, and elemental combustion analysis. Characteristic absorption features associated with NH4 can be seen in the reflectance spectra at wavelengths as short as ∼1 μm. In the near-infrared region, the most prominent absorption bands are located near 1.6, 2.0, and 2.2 μm. Absorption features characteristic of NH4+ occurred at slightly longer wavelengths in the mineral-bound NH4+ spectra than for free NH4+ for most of the samples. Differences in wavelength position are attributable to various factors, including differences in the type and polarizability of the anion(s) attached to the NH4+, degree and type of hydrogen bonding, molecule symmetry, and cation substitutions. Multiple absorption features, usually three absorption bands, in the mid-infrared region between ∼2.8 and 3.8 μm were seen in all but the most NH4-poor sample spectra, and are attributed to fundamentals, combinations, and overtones of stretching and bending vibrations of the NH4+ molecule. These features appear even in reflectance spectra of water-rich samples which exhibit a strong 3 μm region water absorption feature. While many of the samples examined in this study have NH4 absorption bands at unique wavelength positions, in order to discriminate between different NH4+-bearing phases, absorption features corresponding to molecules other than NH4+ should be included in spectral analysis. A qualitative comparison of the laboratory results to telescopic spectra of Asteroids 1 Ceres, 10 Hygiea, and 324 Bamberga for the 3 μm region demonstrates that a number of NH4-bearing phases are consistent with the observational data in terms of exhibiting an absorption band in the 3.07 μm region.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2015.10.028","usgsCitation":"Berg, B.L., Cloutis, E.A., Beck, P., Vernazza, P., Bishop, J., Takir, D., Reddy, V., Applin, D., and Mann, P., 2016, Reflectance spectroscopy (0.35–8 μm) of ammonium-bearing minerals and qualitative comparison to Ceres-like asteroids: Icarus, v. 265, p. 218-237, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2015.10.028.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"218","endPage":"237","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066433","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316593,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"265","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b5d658e4b0cc799981738d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berg, Breanne L.","contributorId":156312,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berg","given":"Breanne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":20308,"text":"Department of Geography, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3B 2E9","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cloutis, Edward A.","contributorId":156313,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cloutis","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":20308,"text":"Department of Geography, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3B 2E9","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beck, P.","contributorId":43700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beck","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vernazza, P.","contributorId":156314,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vernazza","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":20309,"text":"Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LAM (Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille) UMR 7326, 13388 Marseille, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bishop, Janice L","contributorId":156315,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bishop","given":"Janice L","affiliations":[{"id":20310,"text":"SETI Institute, 89 Bernardo Ave, Suite 100, Mountain View, CA, USA 94043","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Takir, Driss dtakir@usgs.gov","contributorId":152190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takir","given":"Driss","email":"dtakir@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Reddy, V.","contributorId":156316,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reddy","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":20311,"text":"Planetary Science Institute, 1700 East Fort Lowell, Suite 106, Tucson, AZ, USA 85719-2395","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Applin, D.","contributorId":156317,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Applin","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":20308,"text":"Department of Geography, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3B 2E9","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Mann, Paul","contributorId":57729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70175167,"text":"70175167 - 2016 - Continental Shelf Morphology and Stratigraphy Offshore San Onofre, CA: The Interplay Between Rates of Eustatic Change and Sediment Supply","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-02T11:25:26","indexId":"70175167","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T06:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Continental Shelf Morphology and Stratigraphy Offshore San Onofre, CA: The Interplay Between Rates of Eustatic Change and Sediment Supply","docAbstract":"New high-resolution CHIRP seismic data acquired offshore San Onofre, southern California reveal that shelf sediment distribution and thickness are primarily controlled by eustatic sea level rise and sediment supply. Throughout the majority of the study region, a prominent abrasion platform and associated shoreline cutoff are observed in the subsurface from ~ 72 to 53 m below present sea level. These erosional features appear to have formed between Melt Water Pulse 1A and Melt Water Pulse 1B, when the rate of sea-level rise was lower. There are three distinct sedimentary units mapped above a regional angular unconformity interpreted to be the Holocene transgressive surface in the seismic data. Unit I, the deepest unit, is interpreted as a lag deposit that infills a topographic low associated with an abrasion platform. Unit I thins seaward by downlap and pinches out landward against the shoreline cutoff. Unit II is a mid-shelf lag deposit formed from shallower eroded material and thins seaward by downlap and landward by onlap. The youngest, Unit III, is interpreted to represent modern sediment deposition. Faults in the study area do not appear to offset the transgressive surface. The Newport Inglewood/Rose Canyon fault system is active in other regions to the south (e.g., La Jolla) where it offsets the transgressive surface and creates seafloor relief. Several shoals observed along the transgressive surface could record minor deformation due to fault activity in the study area. Nevertheless, our preferred interpretation is that the shoals are regions more resistant to erosion during marine transgression. The Cristianitos fault zone also causes a shoaling of the transgressive surface. This may be from resistant antecedent topography due to an early phase of compression on the fault. The Cristianitos fault zone was previously defined as a down-to-the-north normal fault, but the folding and faulting architecture imaged in the CHIRP data are more consistent with a strike-slip fault with a down-to-the-northwest dip-slip component. A third area of shoaling is observed off of San Mateo and San Onofre creeks. This shoaling has a constructional component and could be a relict delta or beach structure. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2015.08.003","usgsCitation":"Klotsko, S., Driscoll, N.W., Kent, G., and Brothers, D.S., 2016, Continental Shelf Morphology and Stratigraphy Offshore San Onofre, CA: The Interplay Between Rates of Eustatic Change and Sediment Supply: Marine Geology, v. 369, p. 116-126, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2015.08.003.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"116","endPage":"126","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064476","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325909,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Onofre State Beach, Southern California, between Los Angeles and San Diego","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.5665855407715,\n 33.37913595905522\n ],\n [\n -117.5430679321289,\n 33.36444180060303\n ],\n [\n -117.52504348754881,\n 33.351680957199115\n ],\n [\n -117.50916481018065,\n 33.340495758384954\n ],\n [\n -117.50144004821779,\n 33.3333250034563\n ],\n [\n -117.50555992126465,\n 33.33038482330389\n ],\n [\n -117.57113456726073,\n 33.37583894926043\n ],\n [\n -117.5665855407715,\n 33.37913595905522\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"369","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a1c42ee4b006cb45552c00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klotsko, Shannon","contributorId":173303,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klotsko","given":"Shannon","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27208,"text":"UC San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Driscoll, Neal W.","contributorId":140186,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Neal","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12888,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Univ of California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kent, Graham","contributorId":7608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"Graham","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brothers, Daniel S. 0000-0001-7702-157X dbrothers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7702-157X","contributorId":167089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brothers","given":"Daniel","email":"dbrothers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70171476,"text":"70171476 - 2016 - Integrated risk and recovery monitoring of ecosystem restorations on contaminated sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T12:46:43","indexId":"70171476","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2006,"text":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrated risk and recovery monitoring of ecosystem restorations on contaminated sites","docAbstract":"Ecological restorations of contaminated sites balance the human and ecological risks of residual contamination with the benefits of ecological recovery and the return of lost ecological function and ecosystem services. Risk and recovery are interrelated dynamic conditions, changing as remediation and restoration activities progress through implementation into long-term management and ecosystem maturation. Monitoring restoration progress provides data critical to minimizing residual contaminant risk and uncertainty, while measuring ecological advancement toward recovery goals. Effective monitoring plans are designed concurrently with restoration plan development and implementation and are focused on assessing the effectiveness of activities performed in support of restoration goals for the site. Physical, chemical, and biotic measures characterize progress toward desired structural and functional ecosystem components of the goals. Structural metrics, linked to ecosystem functions and services, inform restoration practitioners of work plan modifications or more substantial adaptive management actions necessary to maintain desired recovery. Monitoring frequency, duration, and scale depend on specific attributes and goals of the restoration project. Often tied to restoration milestones, critical assessment of monitoring metrics ensures attainment of risk minimization and ecosystem recovery. Finally, interpretation and communication of monitoring findings inform and engage regulators, other stakeholders, the scientific community, and the public. Because restoration activities will likely cease before full ecosystem recovery, monitoring endpoints should demonstrate risk reduction and a successional trajectory toward the condition established in the restoration goals. A detailed assessment of the completed project's achievements, as well as unrealized objectives, attained through project monitoring, will determine if contaminant risk has been minimized, if injured resources have recovered, and if ecosystem services have been returned. Such retrospective analysis will allow better planning for future restoration goals and strengthen the evidence base for quantifying injuries and damages at other sites in the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"SETAC","publisherLocation":"Pensacola, FL","doi":"10.1002/ieam.1731","usgsCitation":"Hooper, M.J., Glomb, S.J., Harper, D., Hoelzle, T.B., McIntosh, L.M., and Mulligan, D.R., 2016, Integrated risk and recovery monitoring of ecosystem restorations on contaminated sites: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, v. 12, no. 2, p. 284-295, https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1731.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"284","endPage":"295","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062929","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471274,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1731","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":322008,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57500767e4b0ee97d51bb663","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hooper, Michael J. 0000-0002-4161-8961 mhooper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4161-8961","contributorId":3251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"Michael","email":"mhooper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":631238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glomb, Stephen J.","contributorId":169847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glomb","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":25606,"text":"Office of Restoration and Damage Assessment, U.S. Department of the Interior, 1849 C Street NW, Washington, DC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harper, David 0000-0001-7061-8461 david_harper@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7061-8461","contributorId":169848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harper","given":"David","email":"david_harper@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":631240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hoelzle, Timothy B.","contributorId":169849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoelzle","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":25607,"text":"Great Ecology, 3459 Ringsby Court, Suite 421, Denver, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McIntosh, Lisa M.","contributorId":169850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McIntosh","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":25608,"text":"Woodard & Curran, 980 Washington Street, Suite 325N, Dedham, MA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mulligan, David R.","contributorId":169851,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mulligan","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":25609,"text":"Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072 Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70175229,"text":"70175229 - 2016 - Analysis of brook trout spatial behavior during passage attempts in corrugated culverts using near-infrared illumination video imagery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-31T14:03:31","indexId":"70175229","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Analysis of brook trout spatial behavior during passage attempts in corrugated culverts using near-infrared illumination video imagery","docAbstract":"We used video recording and near-infrared illumination to document the spatial behavior of brook trout of various sizes attempting to pass corrugated culverts under different hydraulic conditions. Semi-automated image analysis was used to digitize fish position at high temporal resolution inside the culvert, which allowed calculation of various spatial behavior metrics, including instantaneous ground and swimming speed, path complexity, distance from side walls, velocity preference ratio (mean velocity at fish lateral position/mean crosssectional velocity) as well as number and duration of stops in forward progression. The presentation summarizes the main results and discusses how they could be used to improve fish passage performance in culverts.
","conferenceTitle":"11th International Symposium on Ecohydraulics 2016","conferenceDate":"February 7-12, 2016","conferenceLocation":"Richmond, Victoria","language":"English","publisher":"Ecohydraulics 2016","usgsCitation":"Bergeron, N.E., Constantin, P., Goerig, E., and Castro-Santos, T.R., 2016, Analysis of brook trout spatial behavior during passage attempts in corrugated culverts using near-infrared illumination video imagery, 11th International Symposium on Ecohydraulics 2016, Richmond, Victoria, February 7-12, 2016, 4 p.","productDescription":"4 p.","ipdsId":"IP-070253","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328142,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c7ffaee4b0f2f0cebfc21a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bergeron, Normand E.","contributorId":173374,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bergeron","given":"Normand","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":27216,"text":"INRS, Quebec","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Constantin, Pierre-Marc","contributorId":173375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Constantin","given":"Pierre-Marc","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27216,"text":"INRS, Quebec","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goerig, Elsa","contributorId":168522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goerig","given":"Elsa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25321,"text":"Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Castro-Santos, Theodore R. 0000-0003-2575-9120 tcastrosantos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2575-9120","contributorId":3321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castro-Santos","given":"Theodore","email":"tcastrosantos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70168700,"text":"70168700 - 2016 - Quantifying pollen-vegetation relationships to reconstruct ancient forests using 19th-century forest composition and pollen data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-26T13:37:12","indexId":"70168700","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying pollen-vegetation relationships to reconstruct ancient forests using 19th-century forest composition and pollen data","docAbstract":"Mitigation of climate change and adaptation to its effects relies partly on how effectively land-atmosphere interactions can be quantified. Quantifying composition of past forest ecosystems can help understand processes governing forest dynamics in a changing world. Fossil pollen data provide information about past forest composition, but rigorous interpretation requires development of pollen-vegetation models (PVMs) that account for interspecific differences in pollen production and dispersal. Widespread and intensified land-use over the 19th and 20th centuries may have altered pollen-vegetation relationships. Here we use STEPPS, a Bayesian hierarchical spatial PVM, to estimate key process parameters and associated uncertainties in the pollen-vegetation relationship. We apply alternate dispersal kernels, and calibrate STEPPS using a newly developed Euro-American settlement-era calibration data set constructed from Public Land Survey data and fossil pollen samples matched to the settlement-era using expert elicitation. Models based on the inverse power-law dispersal kernel outperformed those based on the Gaussian dispersal kernel, indicating that pollen dispersal kernels are fat tailed. Pine and birch have the highest pollen productivities. Pollen productivity and dispersal estimates are generally consistent with previous understanding from modern data sets, although source area estimates are larger. Tests of model predictions demonstrate the ability of STEPPS to predict regional compositional patterns.
Infectious diseases are economically detrimental to aquaculture, and with continued expansion and intensification of aquaculture, the importance of managing infectious diseases will likely increase in the future. Here, we use evolution of virulence theory, along with examples, to identify aquaculture practices that might lead to the evolution of increased pathogen virulence. We identify eight practices common in aquaculture that theory predicts may favor evolution toward higher pathogen virulence. Four are related to intensive aquaculture operations, and four others are related specifically to infectious disease control. Our intention is to make aquaculture managers aware of these risks, such that with increased vigilance, they might be able to detect and prevent the emergence and spread of increasingly troublesome pathogen strains in the future.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eva.12342","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, D., Kurath, G., Brito, I.L., Purcell, M., Read, A.F., Winton, J.R., and Wargo, A.R., 2016, Potential drivers of virulence evolution in aquaculture: Evolutionary Applications, v. 9, no. 2, p. 344-354, https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12342.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"344","endPage":"354","ipdsId":"IP-068733","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471278,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12342","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":331403,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"584144e0e4b04fc80e5073b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kennedy, David A.","contributorId":177101,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kennedy","given":"David A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":2629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":654649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brito, Ilana L.","contributorId":177102,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brito","given":"Ilana","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Purcell, Maureen K. mpurcell@usgs.gov","contributorId":3061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purcell","given":"Maureen K.","email":"mpurcell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":654651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Read, Andrew F.","contributorId":177103,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Read","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Winton, James R. 0000-0002-3505-5509 jwinton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":1944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James","email":"jwinton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":654653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wargo, Andrew R.","contributorId":47260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wargo","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":654654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70184224,"text":"70184224 - 2016 - Evidence for nonuniform permafrost degradation after fire in boreal landscapes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-07T14:22:53","indexId":"70184224","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for nonuniform permafrost degradation after fire in boreal landscapes","docAbstract":"Fire can be a significant driver of permafrost change in boreal landscapes, altering the availability of soil carbon and nutrients that have important implications for future climate and ecological succession. However, not all landscapes are equally susceptible to fire-induced change. As fire frequency is expected to increase in the high latitudes, methods to understand the vulnerability and resilience of different landscapes to permafrost degradation are needed. We present a combination of multiscale remote sensing, geophysical, and field observations that reveal details of both near-surface (<1 m) and deeper (>1 m) impacts of fire on permafrost. Along 11 transects that span burned-unburned boundaries in different landscape settings within interior Alaska, subsurface electrical resistivity and nuclear magnetic resonance data indicate locations where permafrost appears to be resilient to disturbance from fire, areas where warm permafrost conditions exist that may be most vulnerable to future change, and also areas where permafrost has thawed. High-resolution geophysical data corroborate remote sensing interpretations of near-surface permafrost and also add new high-fidelity details of spatial heterogeneity that extend from the shallow subsurface to depths of about 10 m. Results show that postfire impacts on permafrost can be variable and depend on multiple factors such as fire severity, soil texture, soil moisture, and time since fire.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2015JF003781","usgsCitation":"Minsley, B.J., Pastick, N.J., Wylie, B.K., Brown, D., and Kass, M.A., 2016, Evidence for nonuniform permafrost degradation after fire in boreal landscapes: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 121, no. 2, p. 320-335, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JF003781.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"320","endPage":"335","ipdsId":"IP-066554","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438640,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7959FM0","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Fire impacts on permafrost in Alaska: Geophysical and other field data collected in 2014"},{"id":336863,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -148,\n 63\n ],\n [\n -141,\n 63\n ],\n [\n -141,\n 66\n ],\n [\n -148,\n 66\n ],\n [\n -148,\n 63\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"121","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58be833ae4b014cc3a3a99e7","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/2015jf003781","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015jf003781","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Minsley Burke J., Pastick Neal J., Wylie Bruce K., Brown Dana R. N., Andy Kass M.","journalName":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface","publicationDate":"2/2016","auditedOn":"3/21/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Minsley, Burke J. 0000-0003-1689-1306 bminsley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1689-1306","contributorId":697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minsley","given":"Burke","email":"bminsley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pastick, Neal J. 0000-0002-8169-3018 njpastick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8169-3018","contributorId":4785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pastick","given":"Neal","email":"njpastick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wylie, Bruce K. 0000-0002-7374-1083 wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","email":"wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, Dana R.N.","contributorId":187502,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Dana R.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kass, M. Andy","contributorId":103593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kass","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Andy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70176521,"text":"70176521 - 2016 - Greenhouse gas fluxes from salt marshes exposed to chronic nutrient enrichment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-03T13:12:22","indexId":"70176521","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Greenhouse gas fluxes from salt marshes exposed to chronic nutrient enrichment","docAbstract":"We assessed the impact of nutrient additions on greenhouse gas fluxes using dark static chambers in a microtidal and a macrotidal marsh along the coast of New Brunswick, Canada approximately monthly over a year. Both were experimentally fertilized for six years with varying levels of N and P. For unfertilized, N and NPK treatments, average yearly CO2 emissions (which represent only respiration) at the microtidal marsh (13, 19, and 28 mmoles CO2 m-2 hr-1, respectively) were higher than at the macrotidal marsh (12, 15, and 19 mmoles m-2 hr-1, respectively, with a flux under the additional high N/low P treatment of 21 mmoles m-2 hr-1). Response of CH4 to fertilization was more variable. At the macrotidal marsh average yearly fluxes were 1.29, 1.26, and 0.77 μmol CH4 m-2 hr-1 with control, N, and NPK treatments, respectively and 1.21 μmol m-2 hr-1 under high N/low P treatment. At the microtidal marsh CH4fluxes were 0.23, 0.16, and -0.24 μmol CH4 m-2 hr-1 in control, N, and NPK and treatments, respectively. Fertilization changed soils from sinks to sources of N2O. Average yearly N2O fluxes at the macrotidal marsh were -0.07, 0.08, and 1.70, μmol N2O m-2 hr-1 in control, N, NPK and treatments, respectively and 0.35 μmol m-2 hr-1 under high N/low P treatment. For the control, N, and NPK treatments at the microtidal marsh N2O fluxes were -0.05, 0.30, and 0.52 μmol N2O m-2 hr-1, respectively. Our results indicate that N2O fluxes are likely to vary with the source of pollutant nutrients but emissions will be lower if N is not accompanied by an adequate supply of P (e.g., atmospheric deposition vs sewage or agricultural runoff). With chronic fertilization the global warming potential of the increased N2O emissions may be enough to offset the global cooling potential of the C sequestered by salt marshes.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0149937","usgsCitation":"Chmura, G.L., Kellman, L., van Ardenne, L., and Guntenspergen, G.R., 2016, Greenhouse gas fluxes from salt marshes exposed to chronic nutrient enrichment: PLoS ONE, v. 11, no. 2, e0149937; 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0149937.","productDescription":"e0149937; 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-067399","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471285,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0149937","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328760,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"New Brunswick","volume":"11","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7c6cfe4b0bc0bec09cb76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chmura, Gail L.","contributorId":59938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chmura","given":"Gail","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kellman, Lisa","contributorId":20066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellman","given":"Lisa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"van Ardenne, Lee","contributorId":174713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"van Ardenne","given":"Lee","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Guntenspergen, Glenn R. 0000-0002-8593-0244 glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0244","contributorId":2885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70177901,"text":"70177901 - 2016 - An assessment of the cultivated cropland class of NLCD 2006 using a multi-source and multi-criteria approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-09T09:30:18","indexId":"70177901","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An assessment of the cultivated cropland class of NLCD 2006 using a multi-source and multi-criteria approach","docAbstract":"We developed a method that analyzes the quality of the cultivated cropland class mapped in the USA National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2006. The method integrates multiple geospatial datasets and a Multi Index Integrated Change Analysis (MIICA) change detection method that captures spectral changes to identify the spatial distribution and magnitude of potential commission and omission errors for the cultivated cropland class in NLCD 2006. The majority of the commission and omission errors in NLCD 2006 are in areas where cultivated cropland is not the most dominant land cover type. The errors are primarily attributed to the less accurate training dataset derived from the National Agricultural Statistics Service Cropland Data Layer dataset. In contrast, error rates are low in areas where cultivated cropland is the dominant land cover. Agreement between model-identified commission errors and independently interpreted reference data was high (79%). Agreement was low (40%) for omission error comparison. The majority of the commission errors in the NLCD 2006 cultivated crops were confused with low-intensity developed classes, while the majority of omission errors were from herbaceous and shrub classes. Some errors were caused by inaccurate land cover change from misclassification in NLCD 2001 and the subsequent land cover post-classification process.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs8020101","usgsCitation":"Danielson, P., Yang, L., Jin, S., Homer, C.G., and Napton, D., 2016, An assessment of the cultivated cropland class of NLCD 2006 using a multi-source and multi-criteria approach: Remote Sensing, v. 8, no. 2, Article 101; 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8020101.","productDescription":"Article 101; 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-072277","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471276,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8020101","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":330407,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5811c0f3e4b0f497e79a5a81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Danielson, Patrick 0000-0002-2990-2783 pdanielson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2990-2783","contributorId":3551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danielson","given":"Patrick","email":"pdanielson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yang, Limin 0000-0002-2843-6944 lyang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2843-6944","contributorId":4305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"Limin","email":"lyang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jin, Suming 0000-0001-9919-8077 sjin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9919-8077","contributorId":4397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jin","given":"Suming","email":"sjin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Homer, Collin G. 0000-0003-4755-8135 homer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4755-8135","contributorId":2262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Homer","given":"Collin","email":"homer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Napton, Darrell","contributorId":176288,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Napton","given":"Darrell","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70178113,"text":"70178113 - 2016 - Effective stress, friction and deep crustal faulting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-17T16:23:27","indexId":"70178113","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effective stress, friction and deep crustal faulting","docAbstract":"Studies of crustal faulting and rock friction invariably assume the effective normal stress that determines fault shear resistance during frictional sliding is the applied normal stress minus the pore pressure. Here we propose an expression for the effective stress coefficient αf at temperatures and stresses near the brittle-ductile transition (BDT) that depends on the percentage of solid-solid contact area across the fault. αf varies with depth and is only near 1 when the yield strength of asperity contacts greatly exceeds the applied normal stress. For a vertical strike-slip quartz fault zone at hydrostatic pore pressure and assuming 1 mm and 1 km shear zone widths for friction and ductile shear, respectively, the BDT is at ~13 km. αf near 1 is restricted to depths where the shear zone is narrow. Below the BDT αf = 0 is due to a dramatically decreased strain rate. Under these circumstances friction cannot be reactivated below the BDT by increasing the pore pressure alone and requires localization. If pore pressure increases and the fault localizes back to 1 mm, then brittle behavior can occur to a depth of around 35 km. The interdependencies among effective stress, contact-scale strain rate, and pore pressure allow estimates of the conditions necessary for deep low-frequency seismicity seen on the San Andreas near Parkfield and in some subduction zones. Among the implications are that shear in the region separating shallow earthquakes and deep low-frequency seismicity is distributed and that the deeper zone involves both elevated pore fluid pressure and localization.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015JB012115","usgsCitation":"Beeler, N., Hirth, G., Thomas, A.M., and Burgmann, R., 2016, Effective stress, friction and deep crustal faulting: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 121, no. 2, p. 1040-1059, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JB012115.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1040","endPage":"1059","ipdsId":"IP-060703","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471286,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jb012115","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":330688,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"121","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"581c4cc4e4b09688d6e90fc9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeler, N.M. 0000-0002-3397-8481","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-8481","contributorId":68894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeler","given":"N.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hirth, Greg","contributorId":176585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hirth","given":"Greg","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thomas, Amanda M.","contributorId":36448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burgmann, Roland","contributorId":95128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burgmann","given":"Roland","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70176519,"text":"70176519 - 2016 - Impacts of climate change on land-use and wetland productivity in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-28T11:36:55","indexId":"70176519","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3242,"text":"Regional Environmental Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of climate change on land-use and wetland productivity in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America","docAbstract":"Wetland productivity in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of North America is closely linked to climate. A warmer and drier climate, as predicted, will negatively affect the productivity of PPR wetlands and the services they provide. The effect of climate change on wetland productivity, however, will not only depend on natural processes (e.g., evapotranspiration), but also on human responses. Agricultural land use, the predominant use in the PPR, is unlikely to remain static as climate change affects crop yields and prices. Land use in uplands surrounding wetlands will further affect wetland water budgets and hence wetland productivity. The net impact of climate change on wetland productivity will therefore depend on both the direct effects of climate change on wetlands and the indirect effects on upland land use. We examine the effect of climate change and land-use response on semipermanent wetland productivity by combining an economic model of agricultural land-use change with an ecological model of wetland dynamics. Our results suggest that the climate change scenarios evaluated are likely to have profound effects on land use in the North and South Dakota PPR, with wheat displacing other crops and pasture. The combined pressure of land-use and climate change significantly reduces wetland productivity. In a climate scenario with a +4 °C increase in temperature, our model predicts that almost the entire region may lack the wetland productivity necessary to support wetland-dependent species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10113-015-0768-3","usgsCitation":"Rashford, B.S., Adams, R.M., Wu, J., Voldseth, R.A., Guntenspergen, G.R., Werner, B., and Johnson, W., 2016, Impacts of climate change on land-use and wetland productivity in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America: Regional Environmental Change, v. 16, no. 2, p. 515-526, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-015-0768-3.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"515","endPage":"526","ipdsId":"IP-061526","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328758,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota, South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.041015625,\n 42.779275360241904\n ],\n [\n -102.041015625,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -96.50390625,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -96.50390625,\n 42.779275360241904\n ],\n [\n -102.041015625,\n 42.779275360241904\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7c6cfe4b0bc0bec09cb78","chorus":{"doi":"10.1007/s10113-015-0768-3","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10113-015-0768-3","publisher":"Springer Nature","authors":"Rashford Benjamin S., Adams Richard M., Wu JunJie, Voldseth Richard A., Guntenspergen Glenn R., Werner Brett, Johnson W. Carter","journalName":"Regional Environmental Change","publicationDate":"2/17/2015","auditedOn":"7/29/2016","publiclyAccessibleDate":"2/17/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rashford, Benjamin S.","contributorId":174506,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rashford","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6656,"text":"University of Wyoming, Renewable Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":649078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Richard M.","contributorId":174709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wu, Jun","contributorId":174710,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wu","given":"Jun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Voldseth, Richard A.","contributorId":98453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voldseth","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Guntenspergen, Glenn R. 0000-0002-8593-0244 glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0244","contributorId":2885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Werner, Brett","contributorId":47073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Werner","given":"Brett","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Johnson, W. Carter","contributorId":17548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W. Carter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70188082,"text":"70188082 - 2016 - At the foot of the smoking mountains: The 2014 scientific investigations in the Islands of the Four Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-31T14:09:58","indexId":"70188082","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":896,"text":"Arctic Anthropology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"At the foot of the smoking mountains: The 2014 scientific investigations in the Islands of the Four Mountains","docAbstract":"An interdisciplinary research team conducted archaeological, geological, and biological investigations in the Islands of the Four Mountains, Alaska during the summer of 2014 as part of a three-year project to study long-term geological and ecological patterns and processes with respect to human settlement. Researchers investigated three archaeological sites on Chuginadak Island (SAM-0014, SAM-0016 and SAM-0047) and two archaeological sites on Carlisle Island (AMK-0003 and SAM-0034) as well as peat, tephra, and lava deposition on those islands. These investigations resulted in the delineation of archaeological sites, documentation of geological and cultural stratigraphy, excavation of house-pit features, visual characterization and sampling of potential lithic sources, and documentation of Unangan occupation in the Islands of the Four Mountains from roughly 3,800 years ago to Russian contact.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Wisconsin Press","doi":"10.3368/aa.53.2.141","usgsCitation":"Hatfield, V., Bruner, K., West, D., Savinetsky, A., Krylovich, O., Khasanov, B., Vasyukov, D., Antipushina, Z., Okuno, M., Crockford, S., Nicolaysen, K., MacInnes, B., Persico, L., Izbekov, P., Neal, C.A., Bartlett, T., Loopesko, L., and Fulton, A., 2016, At the foot of the smoking mountains: The 2014 scientific investigations in the Islands of the Four Mountains: Arctic Anthropology, v. 53, no. 2, p. 141-159, https://doi.org/10.3368/aa.53.2.141.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"141","endPage":"159","ipdsId":"IP-068886","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341950,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-04-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"592fd63ee4b0e9bd0ea896fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatfield, Virginia","contributorId":192466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hatfield","given":"Virginia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bruner, Kale","contributorId":192467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bruner","given":"Kale","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"West, Dixie","contributorId":192468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"West","given":"Dixie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Savinetsky, 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Zhanna","contributorId":192473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Antipushina","given":"Zhanna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Okuno, Mitsuru","contributorId":177479,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Okuno","given":"Mitsuru","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Crockford, Susan","contributorId":192475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crockford","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Nicolaysen, Kirsten","contributorId":146827,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicolaysen","given":"Kirsten","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16752,"text":"Whitman College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":696599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"MacInnes, Breanyn","contributorId":192477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacInnes","given":"Breanyn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Persico, Lyman","contributorId":192478,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Persico","given":"Lyman","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Izbekov, Pavel","contributorId":85950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izbekov","given":"Pavel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Neal, Christina A. 0000-0002-7697-7825 tneal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":131135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Christina","email":"tneal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Bartlett, Thomas III","contributorId":192480,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bartlett","given":"Thomas","suffix":"III","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Loopesko, Lydia","contributorId":192481,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loopesko","given":"Lydia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Fulton, Anne","contributorId":192482,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fulton","given":"Anne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}} ,{"id":70156877,"text":"70156877 - 2016 - Mapping extent and change in surface mines within the United States for 2001 to 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-06T17:07:18","indexId":"70156877","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2597,"text":"Land Degradation and Development","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping extent and change in surface mines within the United States for 2001 to 2006","docAbstract":"A complete, spatially explicit dataset illustrating the 21st century mining footprint for the conterminous United States does not exist. To address this need, we developed a semi-automated procedure to map the country's mining footprint (30-m pixel) and establish a baseline to monitor changes in mine extent over time. The process uses mine seed points derived from the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS), and USGS National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD) and recodes patches of barren land that meet a “distance to seed” requirement and a patch area requirement before mapping a pixel as mining. Seed points derived from EIA coal points, an edited MRDS point file, and 1992 NLCD mine points were used in three separate efforts using different distance and patch area parameters for each. The three products were then merged to create a 2001 map of moderate-to-large mines in the United States, which was subsequently manually edited to reduce omission and commission errors. This process was replicated using NLCD 2006 barren pixels as a base layer to create a 2006 mine map and a 2001–2006 mine change map focusing on areas with surface mine expansion. In 2001, 8,324 km2 of surface mines were mapped. The footprint increased to 9,181 km2 in 2006, representing a 10·3% increase over 5 years. These methods exhibit merit as a timely approach to generate wall-to-wall, spatially explicit maps representing the recent extent of a wide range of surface mining activities across the country.
","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley and Sons","doi":"10.1002/ldr.2412","usgsCitation":"Soulard, C.E., Acevedo, W., Stehman, S.V., and Parker, O.P., 2016, Mapping extent and change in surface mines within the United States for 2001 to 2006: Land Degradation and Development, v. 27, no. 2, p. 248-257, https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2412.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"248","endPage":"257","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054963","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324655,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5774f27ce4b07dd077c6a55d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soulard, Christopher E. 0000-0002-5777-9516 csoulard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5777-9516","contributorId":2642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soulard","given":"Christopher","email":"csoulard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Acevedo, William wacevedo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Acevedo","given":"William","email":"wacevedo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stehman, Stephen V.","contributorId":77283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stehman","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Parker, Owen P.","contributorId":147263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parker","given":"Owen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6785,"text":"USGS Contractor, Minerals & Environmental Resources Sci Ctr","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}