{"pageNumber":"1157","pageRowStart":"28900","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184936,"records":[{"id":70193655,"text":"70193655 - 2016 - Constraints on the source parameters of low-frequency earthquakes on the San Andreas Fault","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-02T13:42:37","indexId":"70193655","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Constraints on the source parameters of low-frequency earthquakes on the San Andreas Fault","docAbstract":"<p><span>Low-frequency earthquakes (LFEs) are small repeating earthquakes that occur in conjunction with deep slow slip. Like typical earthquakes, LFEs are thought to represent shear slip on crustal faults, but when compared to earthquakes of the same magnitude, LFEs are depleted in high-frequency content and have lower corner frequencies, implying longer duration. Here we exploit this difference to estimate the duration of LFEs on the deep San Andreas Fault (SAF). We find that the&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><span> ~ 1 LFEs have typical durations of ~0.2 s. Using the annual slip rate of the deep SAF and the average number of LFEs per year, we estimate average LFE slip rates of ~0.24 mm/s. When combined with the LFE magnitude, this number implies a stress drop of ~10</span><sup>4</sup><span> Pa, 2 to 3 orders of magnitude lower than ordinary earthquakes, and a rupture velocity of 0.7 km/s, 20% of the shear wave speed. Typical earthquakes are thought to have rupture velocities of ~80–90% of the shear wave speed. Together, the slow rupture velocity, low stress drops, and slow slip velocity explain why LFEs are depleted in high-frequency content relative to ordinary earthquakes and suggest that LFE sources represent areas capable of relatively higher slip speed in deep fault zones. Additionally, changes in rheology may not be required to explain both LFEs and slow slip; the same process that governs the slip speed during slow earthquakes may also limit the rupture velocity of LFEs.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015GL067173","usgsCitation":"Thomas, A.M., Beroza, G., and Shelly, D.R., 2016, Constraints on the source parameters of low-frequency earthquakes on the San Andreas Fault: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 43, no. 4, p. 1464-1471, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL067173.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1464","endPage":"1471","ipdsId":"IP-070917","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348097,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Andreas Fault","volume":"43","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fc2ea7e4b0531197b27f8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, Amanda M.","contributorId":36448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"Amanda","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beroza, Gregory C.","contributorId":10713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beroza","given":"Gregory C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":719768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shelly, David R. dshelly@usgs.gov","contributorId":2978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelly","given":"David","email":"dshelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":719766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70169976,"text":"70169976 - 2016 - Who Knew?  Inconnu","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-28T14:36:15","indexId":"70169976","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Who Knew?  Inconnu","docAbstract":"<p><span>In 1999, I moved to Alaska to serve as unit leader of the U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit and professor of fisheries in the School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences at the University of Alaska Fairbanks. What was unusual about this move was that before this I was an easterner and southerner, having done my graduate work in fisheries at Texas A&amp;M University and been stationed in the Coop Unit Program in Ohio, West Virginia, and Maryland. I had never worked with salmonids of any sort. To me fish with adipose fins also had whiskers! I suddenly found myself working in the land of salmon experts, and I didn't even reliably know the names&mdash;scientific, common, or colloquial&mdash;of the five (or is it six?) common Pacific salmon species in Alaska. I had to quickly find a research niche that probably didn't involve salmon.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/03632415.2016.1130535","usgsCitation":"Margraf, F.J., 2016, Who Knew?  Inconnu: Fisheries, v. 41, no. 2, p. 70-70, https://doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2016.1130535.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"70","endPage":"70","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070324","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325125,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"579dd074e4b0589fa1cbdfaf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Margraf, F. Joseph jmargraf@usgs.gov","contributorId":257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Margraf","given":"F.","email":"jmargraf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Joseph","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70169274,"text":"70169274 - 2016 - Evaluating geothermal and hydrogeologic controls on regional groundwater temperature distribution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-22T12:38:26","indexId":"70169274","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating geothermal and hydrogeologic controls on regional groundwater temperature distribution","docAbstract":"<p>A one-dimensional (1-D) analytic solution is developed for heat transport through an aquifer system where the vertical temperature profile in the aquifer is nearly uniform. The general anisotropic form of the viscous heat generation term is developed for use in groundwater flow simulations. The 1-D solution is extended to more complex geometries by solving the equation for piece-wise linear or uniform properties and boundary conditions. A moderately complex example, the Eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP), is analyzed to demonstrate the use of the analytic solution for identifying important physical processes. For example, it is shown that viscous heating is variably important and that heat conduction to the land surface is a primary control on the distribution of aquifer and spring temperatures. Use of published values for all aquifer and thermal properties results in a reasonable match between simulated and measured groundwater temperatures over most of the 300 km length of the ESRP, except for geothermal heat flow into the base of the aquifer within 20 km of the Yellowstone hotspot. Previous basal heat flow measurements (&sim;110 mW/m<sup>2</sup>) made beneath the ESRP aquifer were collected at distances of &gt;50 km from the Yellowstone Plateau, but a higher basal heat flow of 150 mW/m<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;is required to match groundwater temperatures near the Plateau. The ESRP example demonstrates how the new tool can be used during preliminary analysis of a groundwater system, allowing efficient identification of the important physical processes that must be represented during more-complex 2-D and 3-D simulations of combined groundwater and heat flow.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2015WR018204","usgsCitation":"Burns, E.R., Ingebritsen, S.E., Manga, M., and Williams, C.F., 2016, Evaluating geothermal and hydrogeologic controls on regional groundwater temperature distribution: Water Resources Research, v. 52, no. 2, p. 1328-1344, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR018204.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1328","endPage":"1344","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066164","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471280,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1480710","text":"External Repository"},{"id":319342,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Eastern Snake River Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.44232177734374,\n              42.92224052343343\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.37640380859375,\n              43.068887774169625\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.2637939453125,\n              43.19516498456403\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.1044921875,\n              43.30719248161193\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.00836181640625,\n              43.45890015705449\n   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seingebr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6917-9369","contributorId":818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingebritsen","given":"Steven","email":"seingebr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":623425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Manga, Michael","contributorId":84679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Manga","given":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Williams, Colin F. 0000-0003-2196-5496 colin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2196-5496","contributorId":274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Colin","email":"colin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":623426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70178051,"text":"70178051 - 2016 - Avian response to fire in pine–oak forests of Great Smoky Mountains National Park following decades of fire suppression","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-01T12:51:43","indexId":"70178051","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Avian response to fire in pine–oak forests of Great Smoky Mountains National Park following decades of fire suppression","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fire suppression in southern Appalachian pine–oak forests during the past century dramatically altered the bird community. Fire return intervals decreased, resulting in local extirpation or population declines of many bird species adapted to post-fire plant communities. Within Great Smoky Mountains National Park, declines have been strongest for birds inhabiting xeric pine–oak forests that depend on frequent fire. The buildup of fuels after decades of fire suppression led to changes in the 1996 Great Smoky Mountains Fire Management Plan. Although fire return intervals remain well below historic levels, management changes have helped increase the amount of fire within the park over the past 20 years, providing an opportunity to study patterns of fire severity, time since burn, and bird occurrence. We combined avian point counts in burned and unburned areas with remote sensing indices of fire severity to infer temporal changes in bird occurrence for up to 28 years following fire. Using hierarchical linear models that account for the possibility of a species presence at a site when no individuals are detected, we developed occurrence models for 24 species: 13 occurred more frequently in burned areas, 2 occurred less frequently, and 9 showed no significant difference between burned and unburned areas. Within burned areas, the top models for each species included fire severity, time since burn, or both, suggesting that fire influenced patterns of species occurrence for all 24 species. Our findings suggest that no single fire management strategy will suit all species. To capture peak occupancy for the entire bird community within xeric pine–oak forests, at least 3 fire regimes may be necessary; one applying frequent low severity fire, another using infrequent low severity fire, and a third using infrequently applied high severity fire.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1650/CONDOR-15-85.1","usgsCitation":"Rose, E., and Simons, T.R., 2016, Avian response to fire in pine–oak forests of Great Smoky Mountains National Park following decades of fire suppression: The Condor, v. 118, no. 1, p. 179-193, https://doi.org/10.1650/CONDOR-15-85.1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"193","ipdsId":"IP-065583","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471277,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/condor-15-85.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":330605,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"118","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5819a9c4e4b0bb36a4c9102b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rose, Eli T.","contributorId":145699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rose","given":"Eli T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simons, Theodore R. 0000-0002-1884-6229 tsimons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1884-6229","contributorId":2623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simons","given":"Theodore","email":"tsimons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70188368,"text":"70188368 - 2016 - Lithospheric rheology constrained from twenty-five years of postseismic deformation following the 1989 Mw 6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T11:21:27","indexId":"70188368","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Lithospheric rheology constrained from twenty-five years of postseismic deformation following the 1989 <i>M<sub>w</sub></i> 6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake","title":"Lithospheric rheology constrained from twenty-five years of postseismic deformation following the 1989 Mw 6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake","docAbstract":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-mce-style=\"text-align: left;\">The October 17, 1989 <i>M<sub>w</sub></i> 6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake provides the first opportunity of probing the crustal and upper mantle rheology in the San Francisco Bay Area since the 1906 <i>M<sub>w</sub></i> 7.9 San Francisco earthquake. Here we use geodetic observations including GPS and InSAR to characterize the Loma Prieta earthquake postseismic displacements from 1989 to 2013. Pre-earthquake deformation rates are constrained by nearly 20 yr of USGS trilateration measurements and removed from the postseismic measurements prior to the analysis. We observe GPS horizontal displacements at mean rates of 1–4 mm/yr toward Loma Prieta Mountain until 2000, and ∼2 mm/yr surface subsidence of the northern Santa Cruz Mountains between 1992 and 2002 shown by InSAR, which is not associated with the seasonal and longer-term hydrological deformation in the adjoining Santa Clara Valley. Previous work indicates afterslip dominated in the early (1989–1994) postseismic period, so we focus on modeling the postseismic viscoelastic relaxation constrained by the geodetic observations after 1994. The best fitting model shows an elastic 19-km-thick upper crust above an 11-km-thick viscoelastic lower crust with viscosity of ∼6 × 10<sup>18</sup> Pas, underlain by a viscous upper mantle with viscosity between 3 × 1018 and 2 × 10<sup>19</sup> Pas. The millimeter-scale postseismic deformation does not resolve the viscosity in the different layers very well, and the lower-crustal relaxation may be localized in a narrow shear zone. However, the inferred lithospheric rheology is consistent with previous estimates based on post-1906 San Francisco earthquake measurements along the San Andreas fault system. The viscoelastic relaxation may also contribute to the enduring increase of aseismic slip and repeating earthquake activity on the San Andreas fault near San Juan Bautista, which continued for at least a decade after the Loma Prieta event.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2015.12.018","usgsCitation":"Huang, M., Burgmann, R., and Pollitz, F., 2016, Lithospheric rheology constrained from twenty-five years of postseismic deformation following the 1989 Mw 6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 435, p. 147-158, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.12.018.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"158","ipdsId":"IP-068757","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471290,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.12.018","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342215,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United states","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.35,\n              37.6\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.25,\n              37.6\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.25,\n              36.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.35,\n              36.8\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.35,\n              37.6\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"435","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593910ade4b0764e6c5e8863","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huang, Mong-Han","contributorId":192699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"Mong-Han","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burgmann, Roland","contributorId":192700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burgmann","given":"Roland","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pollitz, Frederick 0000-0002-4060-2706 fpollitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4060-2706","contributorId":139578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollitz","given":"Frederick","email":"fpollitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70164516,"text":"70164516 - 2016 - Weathering a Perfect Storm from Space","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-09T13:14:21","indexId":"70164516","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1422,"text":"Earth Magazine","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Weathering a Perfect Storm from Space","docAbstract":"<p>Extreme space-weather events &mdash; intense solar and geomagnetic storms &mdash; have occurred in the past: most recently in 1859, 1921 and 1989. So scientists expect that, sooner or later, another extremely intense spaceweather event will strike Earth again. Such storms have the potential to cause widespread interference with and damage to technological systems. A National Academy of Sciences study projects that an extreme space-weather event could end up costing the American economy more than $1 trillion. The question now is whether or not we will take the actions needed to avoid such expensive consequences. Let&rsquo;s assume that we do. Below is an imagined scenario of how, sometime in the future, an extreme space-weather event might play out.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geological Institute","publisherLocation":"Alexandria, VA","usgsCitation":"Love, J.J., 2016, Weathering a Perfect Storm from Space: Earth Magazine, v. 61, no. 2, p. 8-9.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"8","endPage":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071270","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316743,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":316742,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.earthmagazine.org/content/february-2016-table-contents"}],"volume":"61","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bb1bd3e4b08d617f654e8b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Love, Jeffrey J. 0000-0002-3324-0348 jlove@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-0348","contributorId":760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlove@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70192962,"text":"70192962 - 2016 - Salinity effects on plasma ion levels, cortisol, and osmolality in Chinook salmon following lethal sampling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-07T12:40:03","indexId":"70192962","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1289,"text":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Salinity effects on plasma ion levels, cortisol, and osmolality in Chinook salmon following lethal sampling","docAbstract":"<p><span>Studies on hydromineral balance in fishes frequently employ measurements of electrolytes following euthanasia. We tested the effects of fresh- or salt-water euthanasia baths of tricaine mesylate (MS-222) on plasma magnesium&nbsp;(Mg</span><sup>2+</sup><span>) and sodium (Na</span><sup>+</sup><span>) ions,<span> cortisoland osmolality in fish exposed to saltwater challenges, and the ion and steroid</span><span><span>&nbsp;</span>hormone fluctuations over time following euthanasia in juvenile spring Chinook salmon (</span></span><i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i><span>). Salinity of the euthanasia bath affected plasma Mg</span><sup>2+</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and Na</span><sup>+</sup><span>concentrations as well as osmolality, with higher concentrations in fish euthanized in saltwater. Time spent in the bath positively affected plasma Mg</span><sup>2+</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and osmolality, negatively affected cortisol, and had no effect on Na</span><sup>+</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>concentrations. The difference of temporal trends in plasma Mg</span><sup>2+</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and Na</span><sup>+</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>suggests that Mg</span><sup>2+</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>may be more sensitive to physiological changes and responds more rapidly than Na</span><sup>+</sup><span>. When electrolytes and cortisol are measured as endpoints after euthanasia, care needs to be taken relative to time after death and the salinity of the euthanasia bath.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.11.011","usgsCitation":"Stewart, H., Noakes, D.L., Cogliati, K.M., Peterson, J., Iversen, M.H., and Schreck, C.B., 2016, Salinity effects on plasma ion levels, cortisol, and osmolality in Chinook salmon following lethal sampling: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, v. 192, p. 38-43, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.11.011.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"38","endPage":"43","ipdsId":"IP-067157","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471282,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.11.011","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348377,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"192","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07ea6ce4b09af898c8cc84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, Heather","contributorId":173199,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"Heather","affiliations":[{"id":27188,"text":"Alaska Department of Natural Resources Division of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noakes, David L. G.","contributorId":195116,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Noakes","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cogliati, Karen M.","contributorId":200086,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cogliati","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Iversen, Martin H.","contributorId":200087,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iversen","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schreck, Carl B. 0000-0001-8347-1139 carl.schreck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-1139","contributorId":878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreck","given":"Carl","email":"carl.schreck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70178028,"text":"70178028 - 2016 - Density, distribution, and genetic structure of grizzly bears in the Cabinet-Yaak Ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-31T15:34:06.340966","indexId":"70178028","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Density, distribution, and genetic structure of grizzly bears in the Cabinet-Yaak Ecosystem","docAbstract":"<p><span>The conservation status of the 2 threatened grizzly bear (</span><i>Ursus arctos</i><span>) populations in the Cabinet-Yaak Ecosystem (CYE) of northern Montana and Idaho had remained unchanged since designation in 1975; however, the current demographic status of these populations was uncertain. No rigorous data on population density and distribution or analysis of recent population genetic structure were available to measure the effectiveness of conservation efforts. We used genetic detection data from hair corral, bear rub, and opportunistic sampling in traditional and spatial capture–recapture models to generate estimates of abundance and density of grizzly bears in the CYE. We calculated mean bear residency on our sampling grid from telemetry data using Huggins and Pledger models to estimate the average number of bears present and to correct our superpopulation estimates for lack of geographic closure. Estimated grizzly bear abundance (all sex and age classes) in the CYE in 2012 was 48–50 bears, approximately half the population recovery goal. Grizzly bear density in the CYE (4.3–4.5 grizzly bears/1,000 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>) was among the lowest of interior North American populations. The sizes of the Cabinet (</span><i>n</i><span> = 22–24) and Yaak (</span><i>n </i><span>= 18–22) populations were similar. Spatial models produced similar estimates of abundance and density with comparable precision without requiring radio-telemetry data to address assumptions of geographic closure. The 2 populations in the CYE were demographically and reproductively isolated from each other and the Cabinet population was highly inbred. With parentage analysis, we documented natural migrants to the Cabinet and Yaak populations by bears born to parents in the Selkirk and Northern Continental Divide populations. These events supported data from other sources suggesting that the expansion of neighboring populations may eventually help sustain the CYE populations. However, the small size, isolation, and inbreeding documented by this study demonstrate the need for comprehensive management designed to support CYE population growth and increased connectivity and gene flow with other populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.1019","usgsCitation":"Kendall, K.C., Macleod, A., Boyd, K.L., Boulanger, J., Royle, J., Kasworm, W.F., Paetkau, D., Proctor, M.F., Graves, T.A., and Annis, K., 2016, Density, distribution, and genetic structure of grizzly bears in the Cabinet-Yaak Ecosystem: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 80, no. 2, p. 314-331, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.1019.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"314","endPage":"331","ipdsId":"IP-058746","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330592,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.5045166015625,\n              47.53203824675999\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.5045166015625,\n              49.001843917978526\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.02685546875,\n              49.001843917978526\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.02685546875,\n              47.53203824675999\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.5045166015625,\n              47.53203824675999\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"80","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5819a9c4e4b0bb36a4c9102d","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/jwmg.1019","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.1019","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Kendall Katherine C., Macleod Amy C., Boyd Kristina L., Boulanger John, Royle J. Andrew, Kasworm Wayne F., Paetkau David, Proctor Michael F., Annis Kim, Graves Tabitha A.","journalName":"The Journal of Wildlife Management","publicationDate":"11/15/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kendall, Katherine C. 0000-0002-4831-2287 kkendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-2287","contributorId":3081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Katherine","email":"kkendall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Macleod, Amy C.","contributorId":65739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macleod","given":"Amy C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boyd, Kristina L.","contributorId":150937,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyd","given":"Kristina","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":18146,"text":"Yaak Valley Forest Council","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":652550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Boulanger, John","contributorId":176494,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boulanger","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Royle, J. Andrew 0000-0003-3135-2167 aroyle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-2167","contributorId":138865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Royle","given":"J. Andrew","email":"aroyle@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":652552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kasworm, Wayne F.","contributorId":150938,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kasworm","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":652553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Paetkau, David","contributorId":97712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paetkau","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Proctor, Michael F.","contributorId":150939,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Proctor","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":18147,"text":"Birchdale Ecological","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":652555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Graves, Tabitha A. 0000-0001-5145-2400 tgraves@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5145-2400","contributorId":5898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graves","given":"Tabitha","email":"tgraves@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Annis, Kim","contributorId":150940,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Annis","given":"Kim","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18148,"text":"MT Fish, Wildlife, and Parks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":652556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70176956,"text":"70176956 - 2016 - A typology of time-scale mismatches and behavioral interventions to diagnose and solve conservation problems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-27T10:23:50","indexId":"70176956","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A typology of time-scale mismatches and behavioral interventions to diagnose and solve conservation problems","docAbstract":"<p><span>Ecological systems often operate on time scales significantly longer or shorter than the time scales typical of human decision making, which causes substantial difficulty for conservation and management in socioecological systems. For example, invasive species may move faster than humans can diagnose problems and initiate solutions, and climate systems may exhibit long-term inertia and short-term fluctuations that obscure learning about the efficacy of management efforts in many ecological systems. We adopted a management-decision framework that distinguishes decision makers within public institutions from individual actors within the social system, calls attention to the ways socioecological systems respond to decision makers’ actions, and notes institutional learning that accrues from observing these responses. We used this framework, along with insights from bedeviling conservation problems, to create a typology that identifies problematic time-scale mismatches occurring between individual decision makers in public institutions and between individual actors in the social or ecological system. We also considered solutions that involve modifying human perception and behavior at the individual level as a means of resolving these problematic mismatches. The potential solutions are derived from the behavioral economics and psychology literature on temporal challenges in decision making, such as the human tendency to discount future outcomes at irrationally high rates. These solutions range from framing environmental decisions to enhance the salience of long-term consequences, to using structured decision processes that make time scales of actions and consequences more explicit, to structural solutions aimed at altering the consequences of short-sighted behavior to make it less appealing. Additional application of these tools and long-term evaluation measures that assess not just behavioral changes but also associated changes in ecological systems are needed.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/cobi.12632","usgsCitation":"Wilson, R.S., Hardisty, D.J., Epanchin-Niell, R.S., Runge, M.C., Cottingham, K.L., Urban, D., Maguire, L., Hastings, A., Mumby, P.J., and Peters, D., 2016, A typology of time-scale mismatches and behavioral interventions to diagnose and solve conservation problems: Conservation Biology, v. 30, no. 1, p. 42-49, https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12632.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"42","endPage":"49","ipdsId":"IP-064693","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471289,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2429/58321","text":"External Repository"},{"id":329546,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58009d55e4b0824b2d183b8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Robyn S.","contributorId":175362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Robyn","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hardisty, David J.","contributorId":175363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hardisty","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Epanchin-Niell, Rebecca S.","contributorId":175364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Epanchin-Niell","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Runge, Michael C. 0000-0002-8081-536X mrunge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":3358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"Michael","email":"mrunge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":650871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cottingham, Kathryn L.","contributorId":26425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cottingham","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Urban, Dean L.","contributorId":10674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urban","given":"Dean L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Maguire, Lynn A.","contributorId":46861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maguire","given":"Lynn A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hastings, Alan","contributorId":175365,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hastings","given":"Alan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Mumby, Peter J.","contributorId":175366,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mumby","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":650876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Peters, Debra P. C.","contributorId":36903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peters","given":"Debra P. C.","affiliations":[{"id":25579,"text":"USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":650877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70193142,"text":"70193142 - 2016 - A decision support tool for adaptive management of native prairie ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T13:38:30","indexId":"70193142","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2013,"text":"Interfaces","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A decision support tool for adaptive management of native prairie ecosystems","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Native Prairie Adaptive Management initiative is a decision support framework that provides cooperators with management-action recommendations to help them conserve native species and suppress invasive species on prairie lands. We developed a Web-based decision support tool (DST) for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the U.S. Geological Survey initiative. The DST facilitates cross-organizational data sharing, performs analyses to improve conservation delivery, and requires no technical expertise to operate. Each year since 2012, the DST has used monitoring data to update ecological knowledge that it translates into situation-specific management-action recommendations (e.g., controlled burn or prescribed graze). The DST provides annual recommendations for more than 10,000 acres on 20 refuge complexes in four U.S. states. We describe how the DST promotes the long-term implementation of the program for which it was designed and may facilitate decision support and improve ecological outcomes of other conservation efforts.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Informs","doi":"10.1287/inte.2015.0822","usgsCitation":"Hunt, V.M., Jacobi, S., Gannon, J., Zorn, J.E., Moore, C.T., and Lonsdorf, E.V., 2016, A decision support tool for adaptive management of native prairie ecosystems: Interfaces, v. 46, no. 4, p. 334-344, https://doi.org/10.1287/inte.2015.0822.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"334","endPage":"344","ipdsId":"IP-053560","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349210,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fd7ae4b06e28e9c24ef8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunt, Victoria M.","contributorId":200688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hunt","given":"Victoria","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacobi, Sarah","contributorId":149496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jacobi","given":"Sarah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17752,"text":"Chicago Botanic Garden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":723060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gannon, Jill J.","contributorId":12722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gannon","given":"Jill J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zorn, Jennifer E.","contributorId":200689,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zorn","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moore, Clinton T. 0000-0002-6053-2880 cmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6053-2880","contributorId":3643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Clinton","email":"cmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lonsdorf, Eric V.","contributorId":149495,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lonsdorf","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":17752,"text":"Chicago Botanic Garden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":723063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70178633,"text":"70178633 - 2016 - Potential drivers of virulence evolution in aquaculture","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-27T10:12:41","indexId":"70178633","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1601,"text":"Evolutionary Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential drivers of virulence evolution in aquaculture","docAbstract":"<p><span>Infectious diseases are economically detrimental to aquaculture, and with continued expansion and intensification of aquaculture, the importance of managing infectious diseases will likely increase in the future. Here, we use evolution of virulence theory, along with examples, to identify aquaculture practices that might lead to the evolution of increased pathogen virulence. We identify eight practices common in aquaculture that theory predicts may favor evolution toward higher pathogen virulence. Four are related to intensive aquaculture operations, and four others are related specifically to infectious disease control. Our intention is to make aquaculture managers aware of these risks, such that with increased vigilance, they might be able to detect and prevent the emergence and spread of increasingly troublesome pathogen strains in the future.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eva.12342","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, D., Kurath, G., Brito, I.L., Purcell, M., Read, A.F., Winton, J.R., and Wargo, A.R., 2016, Potential drivers of virulence evolution in aquaculture: Evolutionary Applications, v. 9, no. 2, p. 344-354, https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12342.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"344","endPage":"354","ipdsId":"IP-068733","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471278,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12342","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":331403,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"584144e0e4b04fc80e5073b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kennedy, David A.","contributorId":177101,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kennedy","given":"David A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":2629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":654649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brito, Ilana L.","contributorId":177102,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brito","given":"Ilana","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Purcell, Maureen K. mpurcell@usgs.gov","contributorId":3061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purcell","given":"Maureen K.","email":"mpurcell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":654651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Read, Andrew F.","contributorId":177103,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Read","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Winton, James R. 0000-0002-3505-5509 jwinton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":1944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James","email":"jwinton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":654653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wargo, Andrew R.","contributorId":47260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wargo","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":654654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70184224,"text":"70184224 - 2016 - Evidence for nonuniform permafrost degradation after fire in boreal landscapes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-07T14:22:53","indexId":"70184224","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for nonuniform permafrost degradation after fire in boreal landscapes","docAbstract":"<p><span>Fire can be a significant driver of permafrost change in boreal landscapes, altering the availability of soil carbon and nutrients that have important implications for future climate and ecological succession. However, not all landscapes are equally susceptible to fire-induced change. As fire frequency is expected to increase in the high latitudes, methods to understand the vulnerability and resilience of different landscapes to permafrost degradation are needed. We present a combination of multiscale remote sensing, geophysical, and field observations that reveal details of both near-surface (&lt;1 m) and deeper (&gt;1 m) impacts of fire on permafrost. Along 11 transects that span burned-unburned boundaries in different landscape settings within interior Alaska, subsurface electrical resistivity and nuclear magnetic resonance data indicate locations where permafrost appears to be resilient to disturbance from fire, areas where warm permafrost conditions exist that may be most vulnerable to future change, and also areas where permafrost has thawed. High-resolution geophysical data corroborate remote sensing interpretations of near-surface permafrost and also add new high-fidelity details of spatial heterogeneity that extend from the shallow subsurface to depths of about 10 m. Results show that postfire impacts on permafrost can be variable and depend on multiple factors such as fire severity, soil texture, soil moisture, and time since fire.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2015JF003781","usgsCitation":"Minsley, B.J., Pastick, N.J., Wylie, B.K., Brown, D., and Kass, M.A., 2016, Evidence for nonuniform permafrost degradation after fire in boreal landscapes: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 121, no. 2, p. 320-335, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JF003781.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"320","endPage":"335","ipdsId":"IP-066554","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438640,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7959FM0","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Fire impacts on permafrost in Alaska: Geophysical and other field data collected in 2014"},{"id":336863,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -148,\n              63\n            ],\n            [\n              -141,\n              63\n            ],\n            [\n              -141,\n              66\n            ],\n            [\n              -148,\n              66\n            ],\n            [\n              -148,\n              63\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"121","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58be833ae4b014cc3a3a99e7","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/2015jf003781","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015jf003781","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Minsley Burke J., Pastick Neal J., Wylie Bruce K., Brown Dana R. N., Andy Kass M.","journalName":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface","publicationDate":"2/2016","auditedOn":"3/21/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Minsley, Burke J. 0000-0003-1689-1306 bminsley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1689-1306","contributorId":697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minsley","given":"Burke","email":"bminsley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pastick, Neal J. 0000-0002-8169-3018 njpastick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8169-3018","contributorId":4785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pastick","given":"Neal","email":"njpastick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wylie, Bruce K. 0000-0002-7374-1083 wylie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-1083","contributorId":750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"Bruce","email":"wylie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, Dana R.N.","contributorId":187502,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Dana R.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kass, M. Andy","contributorId":103593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kass","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Andy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70173661,"text":"70173661 - 2016 - Dynamic occupancy models for explicit colonization processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-08T10:22:41","indexId":"70173661","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dynamic occupancy models for explicit colonization processes","docAbstract":"<p><span>The dynamic, multi-season occupancy model framework has become a popular tool for modeling open populations with occupancies that change over time through local colonizations and extinctions. However, few versions of the model relate these probabilities to the occupancies of neighboring sites or patches. We present a modeling framework that incorporates this information and is capable of describing a wide variety of spatiotemporal colonization and extinction processes. A key feature of the model is that it is based on a simple set of small-scale rules describing how the process evolves. The result is a dynamic process that can account for complicated large-scale features. In our model, a site is more likely to be colonized if more of its neighbors were previously occupied and if it provides more appealing environmental characteristics than its neighboring sites. Additionally, a site without occupied neighbors may also become colonized through the inclusion of a long-distance dispersal process. Although similar model specifications have been developed for epidemiological applications, ours formally accounts for detectability using the well-known occupancy modeling framework. After demonstrating the viability and potential of this new form of dynamic occupancy model in a simulation study, we use it to obtain inference for the ongoing Common Myna (</span><i>Acridotheres tristis</i><span>) invasion in South Africa. Our results suggest that the Common Myna continues to enlarge its distribution and its spread via short distance movement, rather than long-distance dispersal. Overall, this new modeling framework provides a powerful tool for managers examining the drivers of colonization including short- vs. long-distance dispersal, habitat quality, and distance from source populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/15-0416.1","usgsCitation":"Broms, K.M., Hooten, M., Johnson, D., Altwegg, R., and Conquest, L., 2016, Dynamic occupancy models for explicit colonization processes: Ecology, v. 97, no. 1, p. 194-204, https://doi.org/10.1890/15-0416.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"194","endPage":"204","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064209","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471292,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/15-0416.1","text":"External Repository"},{"id":323254,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575941d6e4b04f417c256803","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Broms, Kristin M.","contributorId":171524,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Broms","given":"Kristin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hooten, Mevin 0000-0002-1614-723X mhooten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1614-723X","contributorId":2958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooten","given":"Mevin","email":"mhooten@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12963,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Devin S.","contributorId":47524,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Devin S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Altwegg, Res","contributorId":171528,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Altwegg","given":"Res","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Conquest, Loveday","contributorId":86624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conquest","given":"Loveday","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70169964,"text":"70169964 - 2016 - Migratory corridors of adult female Kemp’s ridley turtles in the Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-17T23:39:52","indexId":"70169964","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Migratory corridors of adult female Kemp’s ridley turtles in the Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"<p>For many marine species, locations of migratory pathways are not well defined. We used satellite telemetry and switching state-space modeling (SSM) to define the migratory corridor used by Kemp's ridley turtles (Lepidochelys kempii) in the Gulf of Mexico. The turtles were tagged after nesting at Padre Island National Seashore, Texas, USA from 1997 to 2014 (PAIS; n = 80); Rancho Nuevo, Tamaulipas, Mexico from 2010 to 2011 (RN; n = 14); Tecolutla, Veracruz, Mexico from 2012 to 2013 (VC; n = 13); and Gulf Shores, Alabama, USA during 2012 (GS; n = 1). The migratory corridor lies in nearshore Gulf of Mexico waters in the USA and Mexico with mean water depth of 26 m and a mean distance of 20 km from the nearest mainland coast. Migration from the nesting beach is a short phenomenon that occurs from late-May through August, with a peak in June. There was spatial similarity of post-nesting migratory pathways for different turtles over a 16 year period. Thus, our results indicate that these nearshore Gulf waters represent a critical migratory habitat for this species. However, there is a gap in our understanding of the migratory pathways used by this and other species to return from foraging grounds to nesting beaches. Therefore, our results highlight the need for tracking reproductive individuals from foraging grounds to nesting beaches. Continued tracking of adult females from PAIS, RN, and VC nesting beaches will allow further study of environmental and bathymetric components of migratory habitat and threats occurring within our defined corridor. Furthermore, the existence of this migratory corridor in nearshore waters of both the USA and Mexico demonstrates that international cooperation is necessary to protect essential migratory habitat for this imperiled species.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2015.12.014","usgsCitation":"Shaver, D.J., Hart, K.M., Fujisaki, I., Rubio, C., Sartain-Iverson, A.R., Pena, J., Gamez, D.G., Gonzales Diaz Miron, R.D., Burchfield, P.M., Martinez, H.J., and Ortiz, J., 2016, Migratory corridors of adult female Kemp’s ridley turtles in the Gulf of Mexico: Biological Conservation, v. 194, p. 158-167, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.12.014.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"158","endPage":"167","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067268","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471279,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.12.014","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":319676,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.1005859375,\n              24.462150693715266\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.1005859375,\n              24.77177232822881\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.6171875,\n              24.77177232822881\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.6171875,\n              24.462150693715266\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.1005859375,\n              24.462150693715266\n            ]\n          ]\n        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J.","contributorId":11104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaver","given":"Donna","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, Kristen M. 0000-0002-5257-7974 kristen_hart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5257-7974","contributorId":1966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Kristen","email":"kristen_hart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fujisaki, Ikuko","contributorId":38359,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fujisaki","given":"Ikuko","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rubio, Cynthia","contributorId":39277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rubio","given":"Cynthia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sartain-Iverson, Autumn R. 0000-0002-8353-6745 asartain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8353-6745","contributorId":5477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sartain-Iverson","given":"Autumn","email":"asartain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":625779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Pena, Jaime","contributorId":168392,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pena","given":"Jaime","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gamez, Daniel Gomez","contributorId":32065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gamez","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"Gomez","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gonzales Diaz Miron, Raul de Jesus","contributorId":168393,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gonzales Diaz Miron","given":"Raul","email":"","middleInitial":"de Jesus","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Burchfield, Patrick M.","contributorId":47676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burchfield","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Martinez, Hector J.","contributorId":168394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martinez","given":"Hector","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Ortiz, Jaime","contributorId":77447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ortiz","given":"Jaime","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70170222,"text":"70170222 - 2016 - Recent rates of carbon accumulation in montane fens ofYosemite National Park, California, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-12T14:41:46","indexId":"70170222","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":899,"text":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent rates of carbon accumulation in montane fens ofYosemite National Park, California, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"<p><span>Little is known about recent rates of carbon storage in montane peatlands, particularly in the western United States. Here we report on recent rates of carbon accumulation (past 50 to 100 years) in montane groundwater-fed peatlands (fens) of Yosemite National Park in central California, U.S.A. Peat cores were collected at three sites ranging in elevation from 2070 to 2500 m. Core sections were analyzed for bulk density,&nbsp;</span><i>%</i><span>&nbsp;organic carbon, and&nbsp;</span><sup>210</sup><span>Pb activities for dating purposes. Organic carbon densities ranged from 0.026 to 0.065 g C cm</span><sup>-3</sup><span>. Mean vertical accretion rates estimated using</span><sup>210</sup><span>Pb over the 50-year period from &sim;1960 to 2011 and the 100-year period from &sim;1910 to 2011 were 0.28 (standard deviation = &plusmn;0.09) and 0.18 (&plusmn;-0.04) cm yr</span><sup>-1</sup><span>, respectively. Mean carbon accumulation rates over the 50- and 100-year periods were 95.4 (&plusmn;25.4) and 74.7 (&plusmn;17.2) g C m</span><sup>-2</sup><span>&nbsp;yr</span><sup>-1</sup><span>, respectively. Such rates are similar to recent rates of carbon accumulation in rich fens in western Canada, but more studies are needed to definitively establish both the similarities and differences in peat formation between boreal and temperate montane fens.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Bioone","doi":"10.1657/AAAR0015-002","collaboration":"USGS/National Park Service Park Oriented Biological Support","usgsCitation":"Drexler, J.Z., Fuller, C.C., Orlando, J.L., and Moore, P.E., 2016, Recent rates of carbon accumulation in montane fens ofYosemite National Park, California, U.S.A.: Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, v. 47, no. 4, p. 657-659, https://doi.org/10.1657/AAAR0015-002.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"657","endPage":"659","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058004","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471275,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1657/aaar0015-002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":319985,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":319975,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1657/AAAR0015-002"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Yosemite National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.69123840332031,\n              37.859675659210005\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.38224792480467,\n              37.894904889845144\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.31221008300781,\n              37.68273350145476\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.63150024414061,\n              37.65501407801064\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.69123840332031,\n              37.859675659210005\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"570e1c36e4b0ef3b7ca24c3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drexler, Judith Z. 0000-0002-0127-3866 jdrexler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0127-3866","contributorId":167492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drexler","given":"Judith","email":"jdrexler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":626528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, Christopher C. 0000-0002-2354-8074 ccfuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2354-8074","contributorId":1831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Christopher","email":"ccfuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":626529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orlando, James L. 0000-0002-0099-7221 jorlando@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0099-7221","contributorId":1368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orlando","given":"James","email":"jorlando@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":626530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moore, Peggy E. 0000-0002-8481-2617 peggy_moore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8481-2617","contributorId":3365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Peggy","email":"peggy_moore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":626531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70171090,"text":"70171090 - 2016 - Elevated Rocky Mountain elk numbers prevent positive effects of fire on quaking aspen (<i>Populus tremuloides</i>) recruitment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-19T09:51:09","indexId":"70171090","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Elevated Rocky Mountain elk numbers prevent positive effects of fire on quaking aspen (<i>Populus tremuloides</i>) recruitment","docAbstract":"<p><span>Quaking aspen (</span><i>Populus tremuloides</i><span>) is the most widespread tree species in North America and has supported a unique ecosystem for tens of thousands of years, yet is currently threatened by dramatic loss and possible local extinctions. While multiple factors such as climate change and fire suppression are thought to contribute to aspen&rsquo;s decline, increased browsing by elk (</span><i>Cervus elaphus</i><span>), which have experienced dramatic population increases in the last &sim;80&nbsp;years, may severely inhibit aspen growth and regeneration. Fires are known to favor aspen recovery, but in the last several decades the spatial scale and intensity of wildfires has greatly increased, with poorly understood ramifications for aspen growth. Here, focusing on the 2000 Cerro Grande fire in central New Mexico &ndash; one of the earliest fires described as a &ldquo;mega-fire&rdquo; - we use three methods to examine the impact of elk browsing on aspen regeneration after a mega-fire. First, we use an exclosure experiment to show that aspen growing in the absence of elk were 3&times; taller than trees growing in the presence of elk. Further, aspen that were both protected from elk and experienced burning were 8.5&times; taller than unburned trees growing in the presence of elk, suggesting that the combination of release from herbivores and stimulation from fire creates the largest aspen growth rates. Second, using surveys at the landscape level, we found a correlation between elk browsing intensity and aspen height, such that where elk browsing was highest, aspen were shortest. This relationship between elk browsing intensity and aspen height was stronger in burned (</span><i>r</i><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;&minus;0.53) compared to unburned (</span><i>r</i><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;&minus;0.24) areas. Third, in conjunction with the landscape-level surveys, we identified possible natural refugia, microsites containing downed logs, shrubs etc. that may inhibit elk browsing by physically blocking aspen from elk or by impeding elk&rsquo;s ability to move through the forest patch. We did not find any consistent patterns between refuge elements and aspen size or canopy cover suggesting that natural refugia are not aiding in aspen recruitment and that&nbsp;</span><i>all</i><span>&nbsp;young aspen were susceptible to browsing. In much of their normal range, aspen are not growing to large size classes, which threatens the future of this iconic species and calls into question the ability of ecosystems to recover from mega-fires. Our results highlight the importance of considering multiple interacting factors (i.e. fire and increased elk browsing) when considering aspen management and regeneration.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2015.11.020","usgsCitation":"Smith, D.S., Fettig, S.M., and Bowker, M.A., 2016, Elevated Rocky Mountain elk numbers prevent positive effects of fire on quaking aspen (<i>Populus tremuloides</i>) recruitment: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 362, p. 46-54, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2015.11.020.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"46","endPage":"54","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067527","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321402,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Cerro Grande","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.42507553100586,\n              35.858309181565716\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.42507553100586,\n              35.881122573005875\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.38971328735352,\n              35.881122573005875\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.38971328735352,\n              35.858309181565716\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.42507553100586,\n              35.858309181565716\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"362","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"573ee3afe4b04a3a6a24acf8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, David Solance","contributorId":169498,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"Solance","affiliations":[{"id":25534,"text":"Dept. of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona Univ, PO Box 15018, Flagstaff  AZ  86011; current address: Denison Univ, Dept of Biology, PO Box 810, Granville, OH 43023. Email: smithd@denison.edu","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fettig, Stephen M.","contributorId":169499,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fettig","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":25535,"text":"U.S. National Park Service, Bandelier National Monument, 15 Entrance Rd., Los Alamos, NM 87544","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bowker, Matthew A. mbowker@usgs.gov","contributorId":2875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowker","given":"Matthew","email":"mbowker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":629813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70192535,"text":"70192535 - 2016 - Ungulate reproductive parameters track satellite observations of plant phenology across latitude and climatological regimes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T13:15:55","indexId":"70192535","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ungulate reproductive parameters track satellite observations of plant phenology across latitude and climatological regimes","docAbstract":"<p><span>The effect of climatically-driven plant phenology on mammalian reproduction is one key to predicting species-specific demographic responses to climate change. Large ungulates face their greatest energetic demands from the later stages of pregnancy through weaning, and so in seasonal environments parturition dates should match periods of high primary productivity. Interannual variation in weather influences the quality and timing of forage availability, which can influence neonatal survival. Here, we evaluated macro-scale patterns in reproductive performance of a widely distributed ungulate (mule deer,&nbsp;</span><i>Odocoileus hemionus</i><span>) across contrasting climatological regimes using satellite-derived indices of primary productivity and plant phenology over eight degrees of latitude (890 km) in the American Southwest. The dataset comprised &gt; 180,000 animal observations taken from 54 populations over eight years (2004–2011). Regionally, both the start and peak of growing season (“Start” and “Peak”, respectively) are negatively and significantly correlated with latitude, an unusual pattern stemming from a change in the dominance of spring snowmelt in the north to the influence of the North American Monsoon in the south. Corresponding to the timing and variation in both the Start and Peak, mule deer reproduction was latest, lowest, and most variable at lower latitudes where plant phenology is timed to the onset of monsoonal moisture. Parturition dates closely tracked the growing season across space, lagging behind the Start and preceding the Peak by 27 and 23 days, respectively. Mean juvenile production increased, and variation decreased, with increasing latitude. Temporally, juvenile production was best predicted by primary productivity during summer, which encompassed late pregnancy, parturition, and early lactation. Our findings offer a parsimonious explanation of two key reproductive parameters in ungulate demography, timing of parturition and mean annual production, across latitude and changing climatological regimes. Practically, this demonstrates the potential for broad-scale modeling of couplings between climate, plant phenology, and animal populations using space-borne observations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0148780","usgsCitation":"Stoner, D., Sexton, J.O., Nagol, J., Bernales, H.H., and Edwards, T., 2016, Ungulate reproductive parameters track satellite observations of plant phenology across latitude and climatological regimes: PLoS ONE, v. 11, no. 2, p. 1-19, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148780.","productDescription":"e0148780; 19 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"19","ipdsId":"IP-061623","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471281,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148780","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347470,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, Colorado, Utah","otherGeospatial":"Chihuahuan Desert,  Colorado Plateau, Great Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.06005859375,\n              33.63291573870479\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.61083984375,\n              33.63291573870479\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.61083984375,\n              42.65012181368022\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.06005859375,\n              42.65012181368022\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.06005859375,\n              33.63291573870479\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07ea6ce4b09af898c8cc86","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stoner, David","contributorId":191912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stoner","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sexton, Joseph O.","contributorId":191918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sexton","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nagol, Jyoteshwar","contributorId":198512,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nagol","given":"Jyoteshwar","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bernales, Heather H.","contributorId":198513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bernales","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Edwards, Thomas C. Jr. 0000-0002-0773-0909 tce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-0909","contributorId":191916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Thomas C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"tce@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":716135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70156877,"text":"70156877 - 2016 - Mapping extent and change in surface mines within the United States for 2001 to 2006","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-06T17:07:18","indexId":"70156877","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2597,"text":"Land Degradation and Development","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping extent and change in surface mines within the United States for 2001 to 2006","docAbstract":"<p><span>A complete, spatially explicit dataset illustrating the 21st century mining footprint for the conterminous United States does not exist. To address this need, we developed a semi-automated procedure to map the country's mining footprint (30-m pixel) and establish a baseline to monitor changes in mine extent over time. The process uses mine seed points derived from the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS), and USGS National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD) and recodes patches of barren land that meet a &ldquo;distance to seed&rdquo; requirement and a patch area requirement before mapping a pixel as mining. Seed points derived from EIA coal points, an edited MRDS point file, and 1992 NLCD mine points were used in three separate efforts using different distance and patch area parameters for each. The three products were then merged to create a 2001 map of moderate-to-large mines in the United States, which was subsequently manually edited to reduce omission and commission errors. This process was replicated using NLCD 2006 barren pixels as a base layer to create a 2006 mine map and a 2001&ndash;2006 mine change map focusing on areas with surface mine expansion. In 2001, 8,324&thinsp;km</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;of surface mines were mapped. The footprint increased to 9,181&thinsp;km</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;in 2006, representing a 10&middot;3% increase over 5&thinsp;years. These methods exhibit merit as a timely approach to generate wall-to-wall, spatially explicit maps representing the recent extent of a wide range of surface mining activities across the country.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley and Sons","doi":"10.1002/ldr.2412","usgsCitation":"Soulard, C.E., Acevedo, W., Stehman, S.V., and Parker, O.P., 2016, Mapping extent and change in surface mines within the United States for 2001 to 2006: Land Degradation and Development, v. 27, no. 2, p. 248-257, https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2412.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"248","endPage":"257","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054963","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324655,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5774f27ce4b07dd077c6a55d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soulard, Christopher E. 0000-0002-5777-9516 csoulard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5777-9516","contributorId":2642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soulard","given":"Christopher","email":"csoulard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Acevedo, William wacevedo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Acevedo","given":"William","email":"wacevedo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stehman, Stephen V.","contributorId":77283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stehman","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Parker, Owen P.","contributorId":147263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parker","given":"Owen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6785,"text":"USGS Contractor, Minerals & Environmental Resources Sci Ctr","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70182744,"text":"70182744 - 2016 - Erosional and depositional history of the Atlantic passive margin as recorded in detrital zircon fission-track ages and lithic detritus in Atlantic Coastal plain sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-24T15:40:14.335702","indexId":"70182744","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":732,"text":"American Journal of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Erosional and depositional history of the Atlantic passive margin as recorded in detrital zircon fission-track ages and lithic detritus in Atlantic Coastal plain sediments","docAbstract":"<p id=\"p-1\">Comparison of fission-track (FT) ages of detrital zircons recovered from Atlantic Coastal Plain sediments to FT ages of zircons from bedrock in source terranes in the Appalachians provides a key to understanding the provenance of the sediments and, in turn, the erosional and depositional history of the Atlantic passive margin.</p><p id=\"p-2\">In Appalachian source terranes, the oldest zircon fission-track (ZFT) ages from bedrock in the western Appalachians (defined for this paper as the Appalachian Plateau, Valley and Ridge, and far western Blue Ridge) are notably older than the oldest ages from bedrock in the eastern Appalachians (Piedmont and main part of the Blue Ridge). The age difference is seen both in ZFT sample ages and in individual zircon grain ages and reflects differences in the thermotectonic history of the rocks. In the east, ZFT data indicate that the rocks cooled from temperatures high enough to partially or totally reset ZFT ages during the Paleozoic and (or) Mesozoic. The majority of the rocks are interpreted to have cooled through the ZFT closure temperature (∼235 °C) at various times during the late Paleozoic Alleghanian orogeny. In contrast, most of the rocks sampled in the western Appalachians have never been heated to temperatures high enough to totally reset their ZFT ages. Reflecting their contrasting thermotectonic histories, nearly 80 percent of the sampled western rocks yield one or more zircon grains with very old FT ages, in excess of 800 Ma; zircon grains yielding FT ages this old have not been found in rocks in the Piedmont and main part of the Blue Ridge. The ZFT data suggest that the asymmetry of zircon ages of exposed bedrock in the eastern and western Appalachians was in evidence by no later than the Early Cretaceous and probably by the Late Triassic.</p><p id=\"p-3\">Detrital zircon suites from sands collected in the Atlantic Coastal Plain provide a record of detritus eroded from source terranes in the Appalachians during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. In Virginia and Maryland, sands of Early Cretaceous through late early Oligocene age do not yield any old zircons comparable in age to the old zircons found in bedrock in the western Appalachians. Very old zircons yielding FT ages &gt;800 Ma are only encountered in Coastal Plain sands of middle early Miocene and younger age.</p><p id=\"p-4\">Miocene and younger fluvial-deltaic deposits associated with the major mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain rivers that now head in the western Appalachians (the Hudson, Delaware, Susquehanna, Potomac, James, and Roanoke) contain abundant clasts of fossiliferous chert and quartzite and other distinctive rock types derived from Paleozoic rocks of the western Appalachians. These distinctive clasts have not been reported in older Coastal Plain sediments.</p><p id=\"p-5\">The ZFT and lithic detritus data indicate that the drainage divide for one or more east-flowing mid-Atlantic rivers migrated west into the western Appalachians, and the river(s) began transporting western Appalachian detritus to the Atlantic Coastal Plain, sometime between the late early Oligocene and middle early Miocene. By no later than late middle Miocene most if not all of the major rivers that now head west of the Blue Ridge were transporting western Appalachian detritus to the Coastal Plain. Prior to the drainage divide migrating into the western Appalachians, the ZFT data are consistent with the dominant source of Atlantic Coastal Plain sediments being detritus from the Piedmont and main part of the Blue Ridge, with possible input from distant volcanic sources.</p><p id=\"p-6\">The ZFT data suggest that the rapid increase in the rate of siliciclastic sediment accumulation in middle Atlantic margin offshore basins that peaked in the middle Miocene and produced almost 30 percent of the total volume of post-rift siliciclastic sediments in the offshore basins began in the early Miocene when Atlantic river(s) gained access to the relatively easily eroded Paleozoic sedimentary rocks of the western Appalachians.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Journal of Science","doi":"10.2475/02.2016.02","usgsCitation":"Naeser, C.W., Naeser, N., Edwards, L.E., Weems, R.E., Southworth, C.S., and Newell, W.L., 2016, Erosional and depositional history of the Atlantic passive margin as recorded in detrital zircon fission-track ages and lithic detritus in Atlantic Coastal plain sediments: American Journal of Science, v. 316, no. 2, p. 110-168, https://doi.org/10.2475/02.2016.02.","productDescription":"59 p.","startPage":"110","endPage":"168","ipdsId":"IP-019078","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336324,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"316","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-04-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b69a41e4b01ccd54ff3f9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Naeser, C. W.","contributorId":17582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naeser","given":"C.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Naeser, N.D.","contributorId":184146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Naeser","given":"N.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weems, Robert E. 0000-0002-1907-7804 rweems@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-7804","contributorId":2663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weems","given":"Robert","email":"rweems@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Southworth, C. Scott 0000-0002-7976-7807 ssouthwo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7976-7807","contributorId":1608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Southworth","given":"C.","email":"ssouthwo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Scott","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":673554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Newell, Wayne L. wnewell@usgs.gov","contributorId":2512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newell","given":"Wayne","email":"wnewell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":673555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70177901,"text":"70177901 - 2016 - An assessment of the cultivated cropland class of NLCD 2006 using a multi-source and multi-criteria approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-09T09:30:18","indexId":"70177901","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An assessment of the cultivated cropland class of NLCD 2006 using a multi-source and multi-criteria approach","docAbstract":"<p><span>We developed a method that analyzes the quality of the cultivated cropland class mapped in the USA National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2006. The method integrates multiple geospatial datasets and a Multi Index Integrated Change Analysis (MIICA) change detection method that captures spectral changes to identify the spatial distribution and magnitude of potential commission and omission errors for the cultivated cropland class in NLCD 2006. The majority of the commission and omission errors in NLCD 2006 are in areas where cultivated cropland is not the most dominant land cover type. The errors are primarily attributed to the less accurate training dataset derived from the National Agricultural Statistics Service Cropland Data Layer dataset. In contrast, error rates are low in areas where cultivated cropland is the dominant land cover. Agreement between model-identified commission errors and independently interpreted reference data was high (79%). Agreement was low (40%) for omission error comparison. The majority of the commission errors in the NLCD 2006 cultivated crops were confused with low-intensity developed classes, while the majority of omission errors were from herbaceous and shrub classes. Some errors were caused by inaccurate land cover change from misclassification in NLCD 2001 and the subsequent land cover post-classification process.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/rs8020101","usgsCitation":"Danielson, P., Yang, L., Jin, S., Homer, C.G., and Napton, D., 2016, An assessment of the cultivated cropland class of NLCD 2006 using a multi-source and multi-criteria approach: Remote Sensing, v. 8, no. 2, Article 101; 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8020101.","productDescription":"Article 101; 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-072277","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471276,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8020101","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":330407,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5811c0f3e4b0f497e79a5a81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Danielson, Patrick 0000-0002-2990-2783 pdanielson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2990-2783","contributorId":3551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danielson","given":"Patrick","email":"pdanielson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yang, Limin 0000-0002-2843-6944 lyang@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2843-6944","contributorId":4305,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"Limin","email":"lyang@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jin, Suming 0000-0001-9919-8077 sjin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9919-8077","contributorId":4397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jin","given":"Suming","email":"sjin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Homer, Collin G. 0000-0003-4755-8135 homer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4755-8135","contributorId":2262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Homer","given":"Collin","email":"homer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Napton, Darrell","contributorId":176288,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Napton","given":"Darrell","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70174967,"text":"70174967 - 2016 - Characterization of gas hydrate distribution using conventional 3D seismic data in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-25T13:03:12","indexId":"70174967","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3906,"text":"Interpretation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of gas hydrate distribution using conventional 3D seismic data in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea","docAbstract":"<p><span>A new 3D seismic reflection data volume acquired in 2012 has allowed for the detailed mapping and characterization of gas hydrate distribution in the Pearl River Mouth Basin in the South China Sea. Previous studies of core and logging data showed that gas hydrate occurrence at high concentrations is controlled by the presence of relatively coarse-grained sediment and the upward migration of thermogenic gas from the deeper sediment section into the overlying gas hydrate stability zone (BGHSZ); however, the spatial distribution of the gas hydrate remains poorly defined. We used a constrained sparse spike inversion technique to generate acoustic-impedance images of the hydrate-bearing sedimentary section from the newly acquired 3D seismic data volume. High-amplitude reflections just above the bottom-simulating reflectors (BSRs) were interpreted to be associated with the accumulation of gas hydrate with elevated saturations. Enhanced seismic reflections below the BSRs were interpreted to indicate the presence of free gas. The base of the BGHSZ was established using the occurrence of BSRs. In areas absent of well-developed BSRs, the BGHSZ was calculated from a model using the inverted P-wave velocity and subsurface temperature data. Seismic attributes were also extracted along the BGHSZ that indicate variations reservoir properties and inferred hydrocarbon accumulations at each site. Gas hydrate saturations estimated from the inversion of acoustic impedance of conventional 3D seismic data, along with well-log-derived rock-physics models were also used to estimate gas hydrate saturations. Our analysis determined that the gas hydrate petroleum system varies significantly across the Pearl River Mouth Basin and that variability in sedimentary properties as a product of depositional processes and the upward migration of gas from deeper thermogenic sources control the distribution of gas hydrates in this basin.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/INT-2015-0020.1","usgsCitation":"Wang, X., Qiang, J., Collett, T.S., Shi, H., Yang, S., Yan, C., Li, Y., Wang, Z., and Chen, D., 2016, Characterization of gas hydrate distribution using conventional 3D seismic data in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea: Interpretation, v. 4, no. 1, p. SA25-SA37, https://doi.org/10.1190/INT-2015-0020.1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"SA25","endPage":"SA37","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062836","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325592,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea","volume":"4","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5797382ee4b021cadec8ff1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Xiujuan","contributorId":87071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"Xiujuan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Qiang, Jin","contributorId":62239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qiang","given":"Jin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":643436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shi, Hesheng","contributorId":173150,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shi","given":"Hesheng","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27163,"text":"Shenzhen Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation Ltd., Shenzhen 518067, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Yang, Shengxiong","contributorId":74306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"Shengxiong","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yan, Chengzhi","contributorId":173151,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yan","given":"Chengzhi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27163,"text":"Shenzhen Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation Ltd., Shenzhen 518067, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Li, Yuanping","contributorId":173152,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Yuanping","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27163,"text":"Shenzhen Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation Ltd., Shenzhen 518067, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wang, Zhenzhen","contributorId":173153,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Zhenzhen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27164,"text":"Zhanjiang Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation Ltd., Zhanjiang, 524057, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Chen, Duanxin","contributorId":173154,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Duanxin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27165,"text":"Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70174965,"text":"70174965 - 2016 - Prospecting for marine gas hydrate resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-25T13:07:03","indexId":"70174965","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3906,"text":"Interpretation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prospecting for marine gas hydrate resources","docAbstract":"<p><span>As gas hydrate energy assessment matures worldwide, emphasis has evolved away from confirmation of the mere presence of gas hydrate to the more complex issue of prospecting for those specific accumulations that are viable resource targets. Gas hydrate exploration now integrates the unique pressure and temperature preconditions for gas hydrate occurrence with those concepts and practices that are the basis for conventional oil and gas exploration. We have aimed to assimilate the lessons learned to date in global gas hydrate exploration to outline a generalized prospecting approach as follows: (1)&nbsp;use existing well and geophysical data to delineate the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ), (2)&nbsp;identify and evaluate potential direct indications of hydrate occurrence through evaluation of interval of elevated acoustic velocity and/or seismic events of prospective amplitude and polarity, (3)&nbsp;mitigate geologic risk via regional seismic and stratigraphic facies analysis as well as seismic mapping of amplitude distribution along prospective horizons, and (4)&nbsp;mitigate further prospect risk through assessment of the evidence of gas presence and migration into the GHSZ. Although a wide range of occurrence types might ultimately become viable energy supply options, this approach, which has been tested in only a small number of locations worldwide, has directed prospect evaluation toward those sand-hosted, high-saturation occurrences that were presently considered to have the greatest future commercial potential.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/INT-2015-0036.1","usgsCitation":"Boswell, R., Shipp, C., Reichel, T., Shelander, D., Saeki, T., Frye, M., Shedd, W., Collett, T.S., and McConnell, D.R., 2016, Prospecting for marine gas hydrate resources: Interpretation, v. 4, no. 1, p. SA13-SA24, https://doi.org/10.1190/INT-2015-0036.1.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"SA13","endPage":"SA24","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063515","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325593,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57973831e4b021cadec8ff4a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boswell, Ray","contributorId":12307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boswell","given":"Ray","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shipp, Craig","contributorId":40522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shipp","given":"Craig","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reichel, Thomas","contributorId":173141,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reichel","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27158,"text":"Statoil ASA, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shelander, Dianna","contributorId":40463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelander","given":"Dianna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Saeki, Tetsuo","contributorId":173142,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saeki","given":"Tetsuo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27159,"text":"JOGMEC, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":643421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Frye, Matthew","contributorId":48428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frye","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Shedd, William","contributorId":13851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shedd","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":643417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"McConnell, Daniel R.","contributorId":47628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McConnell","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":643424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70184449,"text":"70184449 - 2016 - Dimensionless erosion laws for cohesive sediment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-09T11:37:36","indexId":"70184449","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2338,"text":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dimensionless erosion laws for cohesive sediment","docAbstract":"<div class=\"NLM_sec NLM_sec_level_1 hlFld-Abstract\"><p>A method of achieving a dimensionless collapse of erosion-rate data for cohesive sediments is proposed and shown to work well for data collected in flume-erosion tests on mixtures of sand and mud (silt plus clay sized particles) for a wide range of mud fraction. The data collapse corresponds to a dimensional erosion law of the form <span class=\"equationTd\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;inline&quot; overflow=&quot;scroll&quot;><mrow><mi>E</mi><mo>&amp;#x223C;</mo><msup><mrow><mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;>(</mo><mi>&amp;#x3C4;</mi><mo>&amp;#x2212;</mo><msub><mrow><mi>&amp;#x3C4;</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow></msup></mrow></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-1\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-2\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-3\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-4\" class=\"mi\">E</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-5\" class=\"mo\">∼</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-6\" class=\"msup\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-7\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-8\" class=\"mo\">(</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-9\" class=\"mi\">τ</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-10\" class=\"mo\">−</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-11\" class=\"msub\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-12\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-13\" class=\"mi\">τ</span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-14\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-15\" class=\"mi\">c</span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-16\" class=\"mo\">)</span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-17\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-18\" class=\"mi\">m</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">E∼(τ−τc)m</span></span></span>, where <span class=\"equationTd\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-2-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;inline&quot; overflow=&quot;scroll&quot;><mi>E</mi></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-19\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-20\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-21\" class=\"mi\">E</span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">E</span></span></span> is erosion rate, <span class=\"equationTd\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-3-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;inline&quot; overflow=&quot;scroll&quot;><mi>&amp;#x3C4;</mi></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-22\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-23\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-24\" class=\"mi\">τ</span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">τ</span></span></span> is shear stress, <span class=\"equationTd\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-4-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;inline&quot; overflow=&quot;scroll&quot;><mrow><msub><mi>&amp;#x3C4;</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></mrow></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-25\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-26\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-27\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-28\" class=\"msub\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-29\" class=\"mi\">τ</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-30\" class=\"mi\">c</span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">τc</span></span></span> is the threshold shear stress for erosion to occur, and <span class=\"equationTd\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-5-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;inline&quot; overflow=&quot;scroll&quot;><mrow><mi>m</mi><mo>&amp;#x2248;</mo><mn>7</mn><mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;>/</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-31\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-32\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-33\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-34\" class=\"mi\">m</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-35\" class=\"mo\">≈</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-36\" class=\"mn\">7</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-37\" class=\"mo\">/</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-38\" class=\"mn\">4</span></span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">m≈7/4</span></span></span>. This result contrasts with the commonly assumed linear erosion law <span class=\"equationTd\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-6-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;inline&quot; overflow=&quot;scroll&quot;><mrow><mi>E</mi><mo>=</mo><msub><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;>(</mo><mi>&amp;#x3C4;</mi><mo>&amp;#x2212;</mo><msub><mrow><mi>&amp;#x3C4;</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;>)</mo></mrow></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-39\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-40\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-41\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-42\" class=\"mi\">E</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-43\" class=\"mo\">=</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-44\" class=\"msub\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-45\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-46\" class=\"mi\">k</span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-47\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-48\" class=\"mi\">d</span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-49\" class=\"mo\">(</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-50\" class=\"mi\">τ</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-51\" class=\"mo\">−</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-52\" class=\"msub\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-53\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-54\" class=\"mi\">τ</span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-55\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-56\" class=\"mi\">c</span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-57\" class=\"mo\">)</span></span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">E=kd(τ−τc)</span></span></span>, where <span class=\"equationTd\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-7-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;inline&quot; overflow=&quot;scroll&quot;><mrow><msub><mi>k</mi><mi>d</mi></msub></mrow></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-58\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-59\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-60\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-61\" class=\"msub\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-62\" class=\"mi\">k</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-63\" class=\"mi\">d</span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">kd</span></span></span> is a measure of how easily sediment is eroded. The data collapse prompts a re-examination of the way that results of the hole-erosion test (HET) and jet-erosion test (JET) are customarily analyzed, and also calls into question the meaningfulness not only of proposed empirical relationships between <span class=\"equationTd\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-8-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;inline&quot; overflow=&quot;scroll&quot;><mrow><msub><mi>k</mi><mi>d</mi></msub></mrow></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-64\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-65\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-66\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-67\" class=\"msub\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-68\" class=\"mi\">k</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-69\" class=\"mi\">d</span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">kd</span></span></span> and <span class=\"equationTd\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-9-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;inline&quot; overflow=&quot;scroll&quot;><mrow><msub><mi>&amp;#x3C4;</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></mrow></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-70\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-71\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-72\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-73\" class=\"msub\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-74\" class=\"mi\">τ</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-75\" class=\"mi\">c</span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">τc</span></span></span>, but also of the erodibility parameter <span class=\"equationTd\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-10-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;inline&quot; overflow=&quot;scroll&quot;><mrow><msub><mi>k</mi><mi>d</mi></msub></mrow></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-76\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-77\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-78\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-79\" class=\"msub\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-80\" class=\"mi\">k</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-81\" class=\"mi\">d</span></span></span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">kd</span></span></span> itself. Fuller comparison of flume-erosion data with hole-erosion and jet-erosion data will require revised analyses of the HET and JET that drop the assumption <span class=\"equationTd\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-11-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;inline&quot; overflow=&quot;scroll&quot;><mrow><mi>m</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-82\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-83\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-84\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-85\" class=\"mi\">m</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-86\" class=\"mo\">=</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-87\" class=\"mn\">1</span></span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">m=1</span></span></span> and, in the case of the JET, certain simplifying assumptions about the mechanics of jet scour.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001068","usgsCitation":"Walder, J.S., 2016, Dimensionless erosion laws for cohesive sediment: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, v. 142, no. 2, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001068.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","ipdsId":"IP-059799","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337169,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"142","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c277dce4b014cc3a3e76d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walder, Joseph S. jswalder@usgs.gov","contributorId":2046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walder","given":"Joseph","email":"jswalder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":681565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70188082,"text":"70188082 - 2016 - At the foot of the smoking mountains: The 2014 scientific investigations in the Islands of the Four Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-31T14:09:58","indexId":"70188082","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":896,"text":"Arctic Anthropology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"At the foot of the smoking mountains: The 2014 scientific investigations in the Islands of the Four Mountains","docAbstract":"<p><span>An interdisciplinary research team conducted archaeological, geological, and biological investigations in the Islands of the Four Mountains, Alaska during the summer of 2014 as part of a three-year project to study long-term geological and ecological patterns and processes with respect to human settlement. Researchers investigated three archaeological sites on Chuginadak Island (SAM-0014, SAM-0016 and SAM-0047) and two archaeological sites on Carlisle Island (AMK-0003 and SAM-0034) as well as peat, tephra, and lava deposition on those islands. These investigations resulted in the delineation of archaeological sites, documentation of geological and cultural stratigraphy, excavation of house-pit features, visual characterization and sampling of potential lithic sources, and documentation of Unangan occupation in the Islands of the Four Mountains from roughly 3,800 years ago to Russian contact.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Wisconsin Press","doi":"10.3368/aa.53.2.141","usgsCitation":"Hatfield, V., Bruner, K., West, D., Savinetsky, A., Krylovich, O., Khasanov, B., Vasyukov, D., Antipushina, Z., Okuno, M., Crockford, S., Nicolaysen, K., MacInnes, B., Persico, L., Izbekov, P., Neal, C.A., Bartlett, T., Loopesko, L., and Fulton, A., 2016, At the foot of the smoking mountains: The 2014 scientific investigations in the Islands of the Four Mountains: Arctic Anthropology, v. 53, no. 2, p. 141-159, https://doi.org/10.3368/aa.53.2.141.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"141","endPage":"159","ipdsId":"IP-068886","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341950,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-04-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"592fd63ee4b0e9bd0ea896fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatfield, Virginia","contributorId":192466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hatfield","given":"Virginia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bruner, Kale","contributorId":192467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bruner","given":"Kale","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"West, Dixie","contributorId":192468,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"West","given":"Dixie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Savinetsky, Arkady","contributorId":192469,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savinetsky","given":"Arkady","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Krylovich, Olga","contributorId":192470,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krylovich","given":"Olga","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Khasanov, Bulat","contributorId":192471,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Khasanov","given":"Bulat","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Vasyukov, Dmitry","contributorId":192472,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vasyukov","given":"Dmitry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Antipushina, Zhanna","contributorId":192473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Antipushina","given":"Zhanna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Okuno, Mitsuru","contributorId":177479,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Okuno","given":"Mitsuru","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Crockford, Susan","contributorId":192475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crockford","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Nicolaysen, Kirsten","contributorId":146827,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicolaysen","given":"Kirsten","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16752,"text":"Whitman College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":696599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"MacInnes, Breanyn","contributorId":192477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"MacInnes","given":"Breanyn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Persico, Lyman","contributorId":192478,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Persico","given":"Lyman","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Izbekov, Pavel","contributorId":85950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Izbekov","given":"Pavel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Neal, Christina A. 0000-0002-7697-7825 tneal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":131135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Christina","email":"tneal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Bartlett, Thomas III","contributorId":192480,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bartlett","given":"Thomas","suffix":"III","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Loopesko, Lydia","contributorId":192481,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loopesko","given":"Lydia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Fulton, Anne","contributorId":192482,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fulton","given":"Anne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}}
,{"id":70160077,"text":"70160077 - 2016 - Differences in impacts of Hurricane Sandy on freshwater swamps on the Delmarva Peninsula, Mid−Atlantic Coast, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-17T23:22:49","indexId":"70160077","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1454,"text":"Ecological Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Differences in impacts of Hurricane Sandy on freshwater swamps on the Delmarva Peninsula, Mid−Atlantic Coast, USA","docAbstract":"<p>Hurricane wind and surge may have different influences on the subsequent composition of forests. During Hurricane Sandy, while damaging winds were highest near landfall in New Jersey, inundation occurred along the entire eastern seaboard from Georgia to Maine. In this study, a comparison of damage from salinity intrusion vs. wind/surge was recorded in swamps of the Delmarva Peninsula along the Pocomoke (MD) and Nanticoke (DE) Rivers, south of the most intense wind damage. Hickory Point Cypress Swamp (Hickory) was closest to the Chesapeake Bay and may have been subjected to a salinity surge as evidenced by elevated salinity levels at a gage upstream of this swamp (storm salinity = 13.1 ppt at Nassawango Creek, Snow Hill, Maryland). After Hurricane Sandy, 8% of the standing trees died at Hickory including Acer rubrum, Amelanchier laevis, Ilex spp., and Taxodium distichum. In Plot 2 of Hickory, 25% of the standing trees were dead, and soil salinity levels were the highest recorded in the study. The most important variables related to structural tree damage were soil salinity and proximity to the Atlantic coast as based on Stepwise Regression and NMDS procedures. Wind damage was mostly restricted to broken branches although tipped&minus;up trees were found at Hickory, Whiton and Porter (species: Liquidamabar styraciflua, Pinus taeda, Populus deltoides, Quercus pagoda and Ilex spp.). These trees fell mostly in an east or east&minus;southeast direction (88o&minus;107o) in keeping with the wind direction of Hurricane Sandy on the Delmarva Peninsula. Coastal restoration and management can be informed by the specific differences in hurricane damage to vegetation by salt versus wind.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.11.035","usgsCitation":"Middleton, B.A., 2016, Differences in impacts of Hurricane Sandy on freshwater swamps on the Delmarva Peninsula, Mid−Atlantic Coast, USA: Ecological Engineering, v. 87, p. 62-70, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.11.035.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"62","endPage":"70","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059151","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471288,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.11.035","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":312209,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Delmarva peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.6024169921875,\n              38.466492845389446\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.7122802734375,\n              38.12591462924157\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.19866943359375,\n              38.34165619279593\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.58868408203125,\n              38.47294404791815\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.6024169921875,\n              38.466492845389446\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"87","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56af3029e4b036ee44b83a49","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Middleton, Beth A. 0000-0002-1220-2326 middletonb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1220-2326","contributorId":2029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Middleton","given":"Beth","email":"middletonb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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