{"pageNumber":"1161","pageRowStart":"29000","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165309,"records":[{"id":70188825,"text":"70188825 - 2015 - Mid-Cretaceous oblique rifting of West Antarctica: Emplacement and rapid cooling of the Fosdick Mountains migmatite-cored gneiss dome","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-23T12:22:12","indexId":"70188825","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2588,"text":"LITHOS","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mid-Cretaceous oblique rifting of West Antarctica: Emplacement and rapid cooling of the Fosdick Mountains migmatite-cored gneiss dome","docAbstract":"<p id=\"sp0005\">In Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica, the Fosdick Mountains migmatite-cored gneiss dome was exhumed from mid- to lower middle crustal depths during the incipient stage of the West Antarctic Rift system in the mid-Cretaceous. Prior to and during exhumation, major crustal melting and deformation included transfer and emplacement of voluminous granitic material and numerous intrusions of mantle-derived diorite in dikes. A succession of melt- and magma-related structures formed at temperatures in excess of 665&nbsp;±&nbsp;50&nbsp;°C based on Ti-in-zircon thermometry. These record a transition from wrench to oblique extensional deformation that culminated in the development of the oblique South Fosdick Detachment zone. Solid-state fabrics within the detachment zone and overprinting brittle structures record translation of the detachment zone and dome to shallow levels.</p><p id=\"sp0010\">To determine the duration of exhumation and cooling, we sampled granite and gneisses at high spatial resolution for U–Pb zircon geochronology and <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar hornblende and biotite thermochronology. U–Pb zircon crystallization ages for the youngest granites are 102&nbsp;Ma. Three hornblende ages are 103 to 100&nbsp;Ma and 12 biotite ages are 101 to 99&nbsp;Ma. All overlap within uncertainty. The coincidence of zircon crystallization ages with <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar cooling ages indicates cooling rates &gt;&nbsp;100&nbsp;°C/m.y. that, when considered together with overprinting structures, indicates rapid exhumation of granite and migmatite from deep to shallow crustal levels within a transcurrent setting. Orientations of structures and age-constrained crosscutting relationships indicate counterclockwise rotation of stretching axes from oblique extension into nearly orthogonal extension with respect to the Marie Byrd Land margin. The rotation may be a result of localized extension arising from unroofing and arching of the Fosdick dome, extensional opening within a pull-apart zone, or changes in plate boundary configuration.</p><p id=\"sp0015\">The rapid tectonic and temperature evolution of the Fosdick Mountains dome lends support to recently developed numerical models of crustal flow and cooling in orogenic crust undergoing extension/transtension, and accords with numerous studies of migmatite-cored gneiss domes in transcurrent settings.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.lithos.2015.07.005","usgsCitation":"McFadden, R., Teyssier, C., Siddoway, C., Cosca, M.A., and Fanning, C.M., 2015, Mid-Cretaceous oblique rifting of West Antarctica: Emplacement and rapid cooling of the Fosdick Mountains migmatite-cored gneiss dome: LITHOS, v. 232, p. 306-318, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2015.07.005.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"306","endPage":"318","ipdsId":"IP-065165","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342863,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.3876953125,\n              -73.3656394826721\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.5556640625,\n              -73.3656394826721\n            ],\n            [\n              -64.5556640625,\n              -69.09993967425088\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.3876953125,\n              -69.09993967425088\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.3876953125,\n              -73.3656394826721\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"232","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59521d21e4b062508e3c3681","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McFadden, Rory","contributorId":193449,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McFadden","given":"Rory","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Teyssier, Christian","contributorId":193450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Teyssier","given":"Christian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Siddoway, Christine","contributorId":193451,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siddoway","given":"Christine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cosca, Michael A. 0000-0002-0600-7663 mcosca@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0600-7663","contributorId":1000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cosca","given":"Michael","email":"mcosca@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fanning, C. Mark","contributorId":193428,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fanning","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70187283,"text":"70187283 - 2015 - Atypical den use of Carolina Northern Flying Squirrels (<i>Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus</i>) in the southern Appalachian Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-28T12:53:55","indexId":"70187283","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3444,"text":"Southeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atypical den use of Carolina Northern Flying Squirrels (<i>Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus</i>) in the southern Appalachian Mountains","docAbstract":"<p><i>Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus</i><span> (Carolina Northern Flying Squirrel) is a federally endangered subspecies that occurs in high elevation forests of the southern Appalachian Mountains. Denning sites may be a limiting factor for this subspecies in areas where cavity trees are not abundant or where interspecific competition from other tree squirrels occurs. This shortage can result in use of unusual denning sites, such as subterranean dens. Herein, we report atypical denning habits of radio-collared Carolina Northern Flying Squirrels in southwestern Virginia and western North Carolina from 2008 to 2011 and 2014. Increased knowledge of denning habitats may be beneficial for conservation and habitat management of this subspecies, particularly in sub-optimal or degraded habitats.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Eagle Hill Institute","doi":"10.1656/058.014.0303","usgsCitation":"Diggins, C.A., Kelly, C.A., and Ford, W.M., 2015, Atypical den use of Carolina Northern Flying Squirrels (<i>Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus</i>) in the southern Appalachian Mountains: Southeastern Naturalist, v. 14, no. 3, p. N44-N49, https://doi.org/10.1656/058.014.0303.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"N44","endPage":"N49","ipdsId":"IP-062097","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340607,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.7108154296875,\n              36.61111838494165\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.4354248046875,\n              35.160336728130346\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.4139404296875,\n              35.22767235493586\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.85937499999999,\n              36.558187766360675\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.7108154296875,\n              36.61111838494165\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"590454a6e4b022cee40dc24c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Diggins, Corinne A.","contributorId":171667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Diggins","given":"Corinne","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":33131,"text":"Dept of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelly, Christine A.","contributorId":171661,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelly","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35598,"text":"North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ford, W. Mark wford@usgs.gov","contributorId":3858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W.","email":"wford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":693214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70187117,"text":"70187117 - 2015 - Global patterns and environmental controls of perchlorate and nitrate co-occurrence in arid and semi-arid environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T16:28:10","indexId":"70187117","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global patterns and environmental controls of perchlorate and nitrate co-occurrence in arid and semi-arid environments","docAbstract":"<p><span>Natural perchlorate (ClO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup><span>) is of increasing interest due to its wide-spread occurrence on Earth and Mars, yet little information exists on the relative abundance of ClO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup><span> compared to other major anions, its stability, or long-term variations in production that may impact the observed distributions. Our objectives were to evaluate the occurrence and fate of ClO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup><span> in groundwater and soils/caliche in arid and semi-arid environments (southwestern United States, southern Africa, United Arab Emirates, China, Antarctica, and Chile) and the relationship of ClO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup><span> to the more well-studied atmospherically deposited anions NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>and Cl</span><sup>−</sup><span> as a means to understand the prevalent processes that affect the accumulation of these species over various time scales. ClO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup><span> is globally distributed in soil and groundwater in arid and semi-arid regions on Earth at concentrations ranging from 10</span><sup>−1</sup><span>to 10</span><sup>6</sup><span>&nbsp;μg/kg. Generally, the ClO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup><span> concentration in these regions increases with aridity index, but also depends on the duration of arid conditions. In many arid and semi-arid areas, NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span> and ClO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup><span> co-occur at molar ratios (NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>/ClO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup><span>) that vary between ∼10</span><sup>4</sup><span>and 10</span><sup>5</sup><span>. We hypothesize that atmospheric deposition ratios are largely preserved in hyper-arid areas that support little or no biological activity (e.g. plants or bacteria), but can be altered in areas with more active biological processes including N</span><sub>2</sub><span> fixation, N mineralization, nitrification, denitrification, and microbial ClO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup><span> reduction, as indicated in part by NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span> isotope data. In contrast, much larger ranges of Cl</span><sup>−</sup><span>/ClO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup><span> and Cl</span><sup>−</sup><span>/NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>ratios indicate Cl</span><sup>−</sup><span> varies independently from both ClO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup><span> and NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>. The general lack of correlation between Cl</span><sup>−</sup><span> and ClO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup><span> or NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span> implies that Cl</span><sup>−</sup><span> is not a good indicator of co-deposition and should be used with care when interpreting oxyanion cycling in arid systems. The Atacama Desert appears to be unique compared to all other terrestrial locations having a NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>/ClO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup><span> molar ratio ∼10</span><sup>3</sup><span>. The relative enrichment in ClO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup><span>compared to Cl</span><sup>−</sup><span> or NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span> and unique isotopic composition of Atacama ClO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup><span> may reflect either additional </span><i>in-situ</i><span> production mechanism(s) or higher relative atmospheric production rates in that specific region or in the geological past. Elevated concentrations of ClO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup><span> reported on the surface of Mars, and its enrichment with respect to Cl</span><sup>−</sup><span> and NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>, could reveal important clues regarding the climatic, hydrologic, and potentially biologic evolution of that planet. Given the highly conserved ratio of NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span>/ClO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup><span> in non-biologically active areas on Earth, it may be possible to use alterations of this ratio as a biomarker on Mars and for interpreting major anion cycles and processes on both Mars and Earth, particularly with respect to the less-conserved NO</span><sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup><span> pool terrestrially.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2015.05.016","usgsCitation":"Jackson, W., Bohlke, J., Andraski, B.J., Fahlquist, L.S., Bexfield, L.M., Eckardt, F.D., Gates, J.B., Davila, A.F., McKay, C.P., Rao, B., Sevanthi, R., Rajagopalan, S., Estrada, N., Sturchio, N.C., Hatzinger, P.B., Anderson, T.A., Orris, G.J., Betancourt, J.L., Stonestrom, D.A., Latorre, C., Li, Y., and Harvey, G.J., 2015, Global patterns and environmental controls of perchlorate and nitrate co-occurrence in arid and semi-arid environments: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 164, p. 502-522, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.05.016.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"502","endPage":"522","ipdsId":"IP-065217","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488634,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://americanae.aecid.es/americanae/es/registros/registro.do?tipoRegistro=MTD&idBib=3271287","text":"External Repository"},{"id":340174,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"164","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ff0ea2e4b006455f2d61d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jackson, W Andrew","contributorId":191265,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jackson","given":"W Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bohlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":191103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J.K.","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andraski, Brian J. 0000-0002-2086-0417 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bexfield, Laura M. 0000-0002-1789-654X bexfield@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1789-654X","contributorId":1273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bexfield","given":"Laura","email":"bexfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Eckardt, Frank D.","contributorId":21800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eckardt","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gates, John B.","contributorId":177625,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gates","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Davila, Alfonso F.","contributorId":16282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davila","given":"Alfonso","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"McKay, Christopher P.","contributorId":58156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKay","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Rao, Balaji","contributorId":191111,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rao","given":"Balaji","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sevanthi, Ritesh","contributorId":191112,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sevanthi","given":"Ritesh","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Rajagopalan, Srinath","contributorId":191269,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rajagopalan","given":"Srinath","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Estrada, Nubia","contributorId":176622,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Estrada","given":"Nubia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Sturchio, Neil C.","contributorId":149375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sturchio","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":15289,"text":"University of Illinois, Ven Te Chow Hydrosystems Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":692551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Hatzinger, Paul B.","contributorId":149376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hatzinger","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":17721,"text":"Shaw Environmental, Princeton, NJ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":692552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Anderson, Todd A.","contributorId":191110,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Orris, Greta J. 0000-0002-2340-9955 greta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2340-9955","contributorId":3472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orris","given":"Greta","email":"greta@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Betancourt, Julio L. 0000-0002-7165-0743 jlbetanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-0743","contributorId":3376,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Betancourt","given":"Julio","email":"jlbetanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":554,"text":"Science and Decisions Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Stonestrom, David A. 0000-0001-7883-3385 dastones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7883-3385","contributorId":2280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stonestrom","given":"David","email":"dastones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Latorre, Claudio","contributorId":191270,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Latorre","given":"Claudio","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Li, Yanhe","contributorId":191271,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Yanhe","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Harvey, Gregory J.","contributorId":48640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22}]}}
,{"id":70187759,"text":"70187759 - 2015 - The Centennial Trends Greater Horn of Africa precipitation dataset","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-27T13:07:34","indexId":"70187759","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3907,"text":"Scientific Data","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Centennial Trends Greater Horn of Africa precipitation dataset","docAbstract":"<p><span>East Africa is a drought prone, food and water insecure region with a highly variable climate. This complexity makes rainfall estimation challenging, and this challenge is compounded by low rain gauge densities and inhomogeneous monitoring networks. The dearth of observations is particularly problematic over the past decade, since the number of records in globally accessible archives has fallen precipitously. This lack of data coincides with an increasing scientific and humanitarian need to place recent seasonal and multi-annual East African precipitation extremes in a deep historic context. To serve this need, scientists from the UC Santa Barbara Climate Hazards Group and Florida State University have pooled their station archives and expertise to produce a high quality gridded ‘Centennial Trends’ precipitation dataset. Additional observations have been acquired from the national meteorological agencies and augmented with data provided by other universities. Extensive quality control of the data was carried out and seasonal anomalies interpolated using kriging. This paper documents the CenTrends methodology and data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/sdata.2015.50","usgsCitation":"Funk, C., Nicholson, S.E., Landsfeld, M.F., Klotter, D., Peterson, P.J., and Harrison, L., 2015, The Centennial Trends Greater Horn of Africa precipitation dataset: Scientific Data, v. 2, Article 150050; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2015.50.","productDescription":"Article 150050; 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-064132","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471834,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2015.50","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":341428,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Africa","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              24,\n              -12\n            ],\n            [\n              53,\n              -12\n            ],\n            [\n              53,\n              15\n            ],\n            [\n              24,\n              15\n            ],\n            [\n              24,\n              -12\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593e26bee4b0764e6c61b759","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Funk, Chris 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":167070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Chris","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nicholson, Sharon E.","contributorId":192112,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicholson","given":"Sharon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landsfeld, Martin F.","contributorId":89806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landsfeld","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Klotter, Douglas","contributorId":192113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klotter","given":"Douglas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peterson, Pete J.","contributorId":32453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"Pete","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Harrison, Laura","contributorId":78859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison","given":"Laura","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70187279,"text":"70187279 - 2015 - Catchment-wide survival of wild- and hatchery-reared Atlantic salmon smolts in a changing system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-28T10:47:35","indexId":"70187279","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Catchment-wide survival of wild- and hatchery-reared Atlantic salmon smolts in a changing system","docAbstract":"<p><span>We developed a hierarchical multistate model to estimate survival of Atlantic salmon (</span><i>Salmo salar</i><span>) smolts in the Penobscot River, USA, over a decade during which two mainstem dams were removed from the catchment. We investigated effects of (</span><i>i</i><span>) environmental factors, (</span><i>ii</i><span>) rearing history, and (</span><i>iii</i><span>) management actions, including dam removal, turbine shutdown, and installation of new powerhouses. Mean ± SD smolt survival per kilometre was higher through free-flowing reaches of the catchment (0.995 ± 0.004·km</span><sup>−1</sup><span>) than through reaches containing dams that remain in the system (0.970 ± 0.019·km</span><sup>−1</sup><span>). We observed maximum survival between 12 and 17 °C and at intermediate discharges (1200 m</span><sup>3</sup><span>·s</span><sup>−1</sup><span>). Smolt survival increased concurrent with dam removal and decreased following increases in hydropower generation. The greatest increase in smolt survival followed seasonal turbine shutdowns at a dam located on the largest tributary to the Penobscot River, while other shutdowns had little influence. Our model provides a useful tool for assessing changes to survival of migratory species and will be useful for informing stocking plans to maximize numbers of smolts leaving coastal systems.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2014-0573","usgsCitation":"Stich, D.S., Bailey, M.M., Holbrook, C., Kinnison, M.T., and Zydlewski, J.D., 2015, Catchment-wide survival of wild- and hatchery-reared Atlantic salmon smolts in a changing system: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 72, no. 9, p. 1352-1365, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2014-0573.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1352","endPage":"1365","ipdsId":"IP-060933","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340599,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"590454a7e4b022cee40dc24e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stich, Daniel S.","contributorId":139212,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stich","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12606,"text":"University of Maine, Dept of Plant, Soil, & Envir Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailey, Michael M.","contributorId":169684,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bailey","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":25572,"text":"University of Maine, Orono","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Holbrook, Christopher M. 0000-0001-8203-6856 cholbrook@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8203-6856","contributorId":4198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holbrook","given":"Christopher M.","email":"cholbrook@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":693449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kinnison, Michael T.","contributorId":169617,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kinnison","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":693210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70188145,"text":"70188145 - 2015 - Modelling multi-hazard hurricane damages on an urbanized coast with a Bayesian Network approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-01T12:52:37","indexId":"70188145","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1262,"text":"Coastal Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modelling multi-hazard hurricane damages on an urbanized coast with a Bayesian Network approach","docAbstract":"<p id=\"sp0005\">Hurricane flood impacts to residential buildings in coastal zones are caused by a number of hazards, such as inundation, overflow currents, erosion, and wave attack. However, traditional hurricane damage models typically make use of stage-damage functions, where the stage is related to flooding depth only. Moreover, these models are deterministic and do not consider the large amount of uncertainty associated with both the processes themselves and with the predictions. This uncertainty becomes increasingly important when multiple hazards (flooding, wave attack, erosion, etc.) are considered simultaneously. This paper focusses on establishing relationships between observed damage and multiple hazard indicators in order to make better probabilistic predictions. The concept consists of (1) determining Local Hazard Indicators (LHIs) from a hindcasted storm with use of a nearshore morphodynamic model, XBeach, and (2) coupling these LHIs and building characteristics to the observed damages. We chose a Bayesian Network approach in order to make this coupling and used the LHIs ‘Inundation depth’, ‘Flow velocity’, ‘Wave attack’, and ‘Scour depth’ to represent flooding, current, wave impacts, and erosion related hazards.</p><p id=\"sp0010\">The coupled hazard model was tested against four thousand damage observations from a case site at the Rockaway Peninsula, NY, that was impacted by Hurricane Sandy in late October, 2012. The model was able to accurately distinguish ‘Minor damage’ from all other outcomes 95% of the time and could distinguish areas that were affected by the storm, but not severely damaged, 68% of the time. For the most heavily damaged buildings (‘Major Damage’ and ‘Destroyed’), projections of the expected damage underestimated the observed damage. The model demonstrated that including multiple hazards doubled the prediction skill, with Log-Likelihood Ratio test (a measure of improved accuracy and reduction in uncertainty) scores between 0.02 and 0.17 when only one hazard is considered and a score of 0.37 when multiple hazards are considered simultaneously. The LHIs with the most predictive skill were ‘Inundation depth’ and ‘Wave attack’. The Bayesian Network approach has several advantages over the market-standard stage-damage functions: the predictive capacity of multiple indicators can be combined; probabilistic predictions can be obtained, which include uncertainty; and quantitative as well as descriptive information can be used simultaneously.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2015.05.006","usgsCitation":"van Verseveld, H., Van Dongeren, A., Plant, N.G., Jager, W., and den Heijer, C., 2015, Modelling multi-hazard hurricane damages on an urbanized coast with a Bayesian Network approach: Coastal Engineering, v. 103, p. 1-14, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2015.05.006.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"14","ipdsId":"IP-083654","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342005,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"103","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593127b0e4b0e9bd0ea9ef12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Verseveld, H.C.W.","contributorId":192572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"van Verseveld","given":"H.C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Dongeren, A. R.","contributorId":55572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Dongeren","given":"A. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plant, Nathaniel G. 0000-0002-5703-5672 nplant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-5672","contributorId":3503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plant","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nplant@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jager, W.S.","contributorId":192574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jager","given":"W.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"den Heijer, C.","contributorId":192575,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"den Heijer","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70187269,"text":"70187269 - 2015 - Temporal variation in viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus antibodies in freshwater drum (<i>Aplodinotus grunniens</i>) indicates cyclic transmission in Lake Winnebago, Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-27T10:59:22","indexId":"70187269","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2218,"text":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal variation in viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus antibodies in freshwater drum (<i>Aplodinotus grunniens</i>) indicates cyclic transmission in Lake Winnebago, Wisconsin","docAbstract":"<p><span>Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) is an emerging pathogen that causes mass mortality in multiple fish species. In 2007, the Great Lakes freshwater strain, type IVb, caused a large die-off of freshwater drum (</span><span id=\"named-content-3\" class=\"named-content genus-species\">Aplodinotus grunniens</span><span>) in Lake Winnebago, Wisconsin, USA. To evaluate the persistence and transmission of VHSV, freshwater drum from Lake Winnebago were tested for antibodies to the virus using recently developed virus neutralization (VN) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assays. Samples were also tested by real-time reverse transcription-PCR (rRT-PCR) to detect viral RNA. Of 548 serum samples tested, 44 (8.03%) were positive by VN (titers ranging from 1:16 to 1:1,024) and 45 (8.21%) were positive by ELISA, including 7 fish positive by both assays. Antibody prevalence increased with age and was higher in one northwestern area of Lake Winnebago than in other areas. Of 3,864 tissues sampled from 551 fish, 1 spleen and 1 kidney sample from a single adult female fish collected in the spring of 2012 tested positive for VHSV by rRT-PCR, and serum from the same fish tested positive by VN and ELISA. These results suggest that VHSV persists and viral transmission may be active in Lake Winnebago even in years following outbreaks and that wild fish may survive VHSV infection and maintain detectable antibody titers while harboring viral RNA. Influxes of immunologically naive juvenile fish through recruitment may reduce herd immunity, allow VHSV to persist, and drive superannual cycles of transmission that may sporadically manifest as fish kills.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/JCM.00010-15","usgsCitation":"Wilson-Rothering, A., Marcquenski, S., Koenigs, R.P., Bruch, R., Kamke, K., Isermann, D.A., Thurman, A., Toohey-Kurth, K., and Goldberg, T., 2015, Temporal variation in viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus antibodies in freshwater drum (<i>Aplodinotus grunniens</i>) indicates cyclic transmission in Lake Winnebago, Wisconsin: Journal of Clinical Microbiology, v. 53, no. 9, p. 2889-2894, https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00010-15.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"2889","endPage":"2894","ipdsId":"IP-061770","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471835,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.00010-15","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":340494,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Lake Winnebago","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.54156494140625,\n              43.80182757075142\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.28201293945311,\n              43.80182757075142\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.28201293945311,\n              44.209772586984485\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.54156494140625,\n              44.209772586984485\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.54156494140625,\n              43.80182757075142\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"53","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59030327e4b0e862d230f739","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson-Rothering, Anna","contributorId":191472,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson-Rothering","given":"Anna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marcquenski, Susan","contributorId":105645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marcquenski","given":"Susan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koenigs, Ryan P.","contributorId":191473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koenigs","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bruch, Ronald","contributorId":191474,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bruch","given":"Ronald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kamke, Kendall","contributorId":191475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kamke","given":"Kendall","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Isermann, Daniel A. 0000-0003-1151-9097 disermann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1151-9097","contributorId":5167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isermann","given":"Daniel","email":"disermann@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Thurman, Andrew","contributorId":191477,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thurman","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Toohey-Kurth, Kathy","contributorId":75852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toohey-Kurth","given":"Kathy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Goldberg, Tony","contributorId":79021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldberg","given":"Tony","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70187291,"text":"70187291 - 2015 - Monitoring landscape-level distribution and migration Phenology of Raptors using a volunteer camera-trap network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-27T09:18:57","indexId":"70187291","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring landscape-level distribution and migration Phenology of Raptors using a volunteer camera-trap network","docAbstract":"<p><span>Conservation of animal migratory movements is among the most important issues in wildlife management. To address this need for landscape-scale monitoring of raptor populations, we developed a novel, baited photographic observation network termed the “Appalachian Eagle Monitoring Program” (AEMP). During winter months of 2008–2012, we partnered with professional and citizen scientists in 11 states in the United States to collect approximately 2.5 million images. To our knowledge, this represents the largest such camera-trap effort to date. Analyses of data collected in 2011 and 2012 revealed complex, often species-specific, spatial and temporal patterns in winter raptor movement behavior as well as spatial and temporal resource partitioning between raptor species. Although programmatic advances in data analysis and involvement are needed, the continued growth of the program has the potential to provide a long-term, cost-effective, range-wide monitoring tool for avian and terrestrial scavengers during the winter season. Perhaps most importantly, by relying heavily on citizen scientists, AEMP has the potential to improve long-term interest and support for raptor conservation and serve as a model for raptor conservation programs in other portions of the world.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wsb.571","usgsCitation":"Jachowski, D.S., Katzner, T., Rodrigue, J.L., and Ford, W.M., 2015, Monitoring landscape-level distribution and migration Phenology of Raptors using a volunteer camera-trap network: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 39, no. 3, p. 553-563, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.571.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"553","endPage":"563","ipdsId":"IP-057779","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500021,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/cb007dbfa04643b9ad65dc256e614b86","text":"External Repository"},{"id":340544,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59030327e4b0e862d230f737","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jachowski, David S.","contributorId":82966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachowski","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Katzner, Todd E. 0000-0003-4503-8435 tkatzner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-8435","contributorId":191353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzner","given":"Todd E.","email":"tkatzner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rodrigue, Jane L.","contributorId":150352,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodrigue","given":"Jane","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ford, W. Mark wford@usgs.gov","contributorId":3858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W.","email":"wford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":693222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70157198,"text":"70157198 - 2015 - The forcing of monthly precipitation variability over Southwest Asia during the Boreal cold season","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-27T13:00:59","indexId":"70157198","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2216,"text":"Journal of Climate","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The forcing of monthly precipitation variability over Southwest Asia during the Boreal cold season","docAbstract":"<p>Southwest Asia, deemed as the region containing the countries of Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq and Pakistan, is water scarce and receives nearly 75% of its annual rainfall during8 the boreal cold season of November-April. The forcing of Southwest Asia precipitation has been previously examined for the entire boreal cold season from the perspective of climate variability originating over the Atlantic and tropical Indo-Pacific Oceans. Here, we examine the inter-monthly differences in precipitation variability over Southwest Asia and the atmospheric conditions directly responsible in forcing monthly November-April precipitation. Seasonally averaged November-April precipitation over Southwest Asia is significantly correlated with sea surface temperature (SST) patterns consistent with Pacific Decadal Variability (PDV), the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the warming trend of SST (Trend). On the contrary, the precipitation variability during individual months of November-April are unrelated and are correlated with SST signatures that include PDV, ENSO and Trend in different combinations. Despite strong inter-monthly differences in precipitation variability during November- April over Southwest Asia, similar atmospheric circulations, highlighted by a stationary equivalent barotropic Rossby wave centered over Iraq, force the monthly spatial distributions of precipitation. Tropospheric waves on the eastern side of the equivalent barotropic Rossby wave modifies the flux of moisture and advects the mean temperature gradient, resulting in temperature advection that is balanced by vertical motions over Southwest Asia. The forcing of monthly Southwest Asia precipitation by equivalent barotropic Rossby waves is different than the forcing by baroclinic Rossby waves associated with tropically-forced-only modes of climate variability.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00757.1","usgsCitation":"Hoell, A., Shukla, S., Barlow, M., Cannon, F., Kelley, C., and Funk, C.C., 2015, The forcing of monthly precipitation variability over Southwest Asia during the Boreal cold season: Journal of Climate, v. 28, no. 18, p. 7038-7056, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00757.1.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"7038","endPage":"7056","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066985","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471828,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00757.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308331,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"18","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56012aaee4b03bc34f544439","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoell, Andrew","contributorId":145803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoell","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":16236,"text":"UCSB Climate Hazards Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shukla, Shraddhanand","contributorId":145841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shukla","given":"Shraddhanand","affiliations":[{"id":16255,"text":"Climate Hazards Group University of California Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barlow, Mathew","contributorId":145834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barlow","given":"Mathew","affiliations":[{"id":16250,"text":"University of Massechusetts, Lowell","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cannon, Forest","contributorId":147642,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cannon","given":"Forest","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16874,"text":"UC Santa Barbara, Geography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kelley, Colin","contributorId":147643,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelley","given":"Colin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16236,"text":"UCSB Climate Hazards Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Funk, Christopher C. 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Christopher","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":572235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70148613,"text":"70148613 - 2015 - Wetland occupancy of pond-breeding amphibians in Yosemite National Park, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-16T09:49:22","indexId":"70148613","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3895,"text":"Journal of North American Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wetland occupancy of pond-breeding amphibians in Yosemite National Park, USA","docAbstract":"<p>We estimated wetland occupancy and population trends for three species of pond-breeding anurans in Yosemite National Park from 2007-2011. We used a double survey technique in which two observers independently surveyed each site on the same day. Double surveys allowed us to calculate detectability for the three most common anurans within the park: Rana sierrae, Anaxyrus canorus, and Pseudacris regilla. Annual estimates of detectability were generally high; mean detectability ranged from 73.7% <span>+</span> 0.6 (SE) for any life history stage of A. canorus to 86.7% <span>+</span> 0.7 for sites with P. regilla reproduction (eggs or larvae present). Detectability was most variable for Anaxyrus canorus, which ranged from 45.9% to 99.7%. The probability of occupancy for R. sierrae was highest in larger, low-elevation wetlands that lacked fish. Anaxyrus canorus were more common in shallow high-elevation ponds; their occurrence was minimally impacted by the presence of fish. Finally, occurrence of P. regilla was largely unrelated to wetland size and elevation, but like R. sierrae, they were less likely to occupy sites with fi sh. Occupancy showed no trend over the five years of our study for R. sierrae or A. canorus when considering either sites with any life stage or only sites with reproduction. However, P. regilla showed a modest downward trend for sites with any life stage and sites with reproduction. Our results for R. sierrae run counter to expectations given recent concern about the decline of this species, while our findings for P. regilla raise concerns for this widespread and generally common species.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Center for North American Herpetology","usgsCitation":"Fellers, G.M., Kleeman, P.M., and Miller, D., 2015, Wetland occupancy of pond-breeding amphibians in Yosemite National Park, USA: Journal of North American Herpetology, v. 2015, no. 1, p. 22-33.","productDescription":"12 p","startPage":"22","endPage":"33","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2007-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-059719","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308163,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":305748,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://jnah.cnah.org/default.aspx","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Yosemite National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.66583251953124,\n              37.41270958119496\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.80590820312499,\n              37.66860332433055\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.89929199218749,\n              37.808698976006795\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.94529724121092,\n              38.129155479572624\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.46258544921874,\n              38.13779704369439\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.25796508789061,\n              37.938782346134396\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.14810180664061,\n              37.74465712069939\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.13162231445311,\n              37.54131068652799\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.26895141601562,\n              37.42361656106772\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.66583251953124,\n              37.41270958119496\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"2015","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa92d8e4b05d6c4e501aee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fellers, Gary M. 0000-0003-4092-0285 gary_fellers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4092-0285","contributorId":3150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fellers","given":"Gary","email":"gary_fellers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kleeman, Patrick M. 0000-0001-6567-3239 pkleeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6567-3239","contributorId":3948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleeman","given":"Patrick","email":"pkleeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, David A.W.","contributorId":19423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David A.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70156131,"text":"70156131 - 2015 - Estimating annualized earthquake losses for the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-29T13:19:16","indexId":"70156131","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating annualized earthquake losses for the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"<p>We make use of the most recent National Seismic Hazard Maps (the years 2008 and 2014 cycles), updated census data on population, and economic exposure estimates of general building stock to quantify annualized earthquake loss (AEL) for the conterminous United States. The AEL analyses were performed using the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) Hazus software, which facilitated a systematic comparison of the influence of the 2014 National Seismic Hazard Maps in terms of annualized loss estimates in different parts of the country. The losses from an individual earthquake could easily exceed many tens of billions of dollars, and the long-term averaged value of losses from all earthquakes within the conterminous U.S. has been estimated to be a few billion dollars per year. This study estimated nationwide losses to be approximately $4.5 billion per year (in 2012$), roughly 80% of which can be attributed to the States of California, Oregon and Washington. We document the change in estimated AELs arising solely from the change in the assumed hazard map. The change from the 2008 map to the 2014 map results in a 10 to 20% reduction in AELs for the highly seismic States of the Western United States, whereas the reduction is even more significant for Central and Eastern United States.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Engineering Research Institute","publisherLocation":"Berkeley","doi":"10.1193/010915EQS005M","usgsCitation":"Jaiswal, K.S., Bausch, D., Chen, R., Bouabid, J., and Seligson, H., 2015, Estimating annualized earthquake losses for the conterminous United States: Earthquake Spectra, v. 31, no. 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Rui","contributorId":78250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Rui","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bouabid, Jawhar","contributorId":146445,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bouabid","given":"Jawhar","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Seligson, Hope","contributorId":65564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seligson","given":"Hope","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70157268,"text":"70157268 - 2015 - Improving efficiency and reliability of environmental DNA analysis for silver carp","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-17T10:54:53","indexId":"70157268","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Improving efficiency and reliability of environmental DNA analysis for silver carp","docAbstract":"<p>Natural resource agencies have established surveillance programs which use environmental DNA (eDNA) for the early detection of bighead carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix before they establish populations within the Great Lakes. This molecular monitoring technique must be highly accurate and precise for confident interpretation and also efficient, both in detection threshold and cost. Therefore, we compared two DNA extraction techniques and compared a new quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay with the conventional PCR (cPCR) assay used by monitoring programs. Both the qPCR and cPCR assays were able to amplify the DNA of silver carp present in environmental samples taken from locations where mixed populations of bigheaded carps existed. However, the qPCR assay had substantially fewer PCR positive samples which were subsequently determined not to contain DNA of bigheaded carps than the cPCR assay. Additionally, the qPCR assay was able to amplify the DNA of bigheaded carps even in the presence of inhibitors that blocked amplification with cPCR. Also, the selection of an appropriate DNA extraction method can significantly alter the efficiency of eDNA surveillance programs by lowering detection limits and by decreasing costs associated with sample processing. The results reported herein are presently being incorporated into eDNA surveillance programs to decrease the costs, increase DNA yield and increase the confidence that assays are amplifying the target DNA. These results are critical to enhancing our ability to accurately and confidently interpret the results reported from monitoring programs using eDNA for early detection of invasive species.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2015.02.009","collaboration":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Amberg, J., McCalla, S.G., Monroe, E., Lance, R., Baerwaldt, K., and Gaikowski, M., 2015, Improving efficiency and reliability of environmental DNA analysis for silver carp: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 41, no. 2, p. 367-373, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2015.02.009.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"367","endPage":"373","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055644","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471836,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2015.02.009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308240,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fbe43fe4b05d6c4e5028e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Amberg, Jon J. jamberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":139518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amberg","given":"Jon J.","email":"jamberg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":572505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCalla, S. Grace smccalla@usgs.gov","contributorId":147738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCalla","given":"S.","email":"smccalla@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Grace","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":572506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Monroe, Emy","contributorId":140978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Monroe","given":"Emy","affiliations":[{"id":13635,"text":"Whitney Genetics Lab, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lance, Richard","contributorId":116452,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lance","given":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":12620,"text":"U.S. Army Corp. of Engineers","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baerwaldt, Kelly","contributorId":147739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baerwaldt","given":"Kelly","affiliations":[{"id":16919,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, St. Paul District","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gaikowski, Mark P. 0000-0002-6507-9341 mgaikowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6507-9341","contributorId":140353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaikowski","given":"Mark P.","email":"mgaikowski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":572510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70159739,"text":"70159739 - 2015 - Re-colonization by common eiders Somateria mollissima in the Aleutian Archipelago following removal of introduced arctic foxes Vulpes lagopus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-01T16:05:43.950398","indexId":"70159739","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2190,"text":"Journal of Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Re-colonization by common eiders <i>Somateria mollissima</i> in the Aleutian Archipelago following removal of introduced arctic foxes <i>Vulpes lagopus</i>","title":"Re-colonization by common eiders Somateria mollissima in the Aleutian Archipelago following removal of introduced arctic foxes Vulpes lagopus","docAbstract":"<p><span>Islands provide refuges for populations of many species where they find safety from predators, but the introduction of predators frequently results in elimination or dramatic reductions in island-dwelling organisms. When predators are removed, re-colonization for some species occurs naturally, and inter-island phylogeographic relationships and current movement patterns can illuminate processes of colonization. We studied a case of re-colonization of common eiders&nbsp;</span><i>Somateria mollissima</i><span>&nbsp;following removal of introduced arctic foxes&nbsp;</span><i>Vulpes lagopus</i><span>&nbsp;in the Aleutian Archipelago, Alaska. We expected common eiders to resume nesting on islands cleared of foxes and to re-colonize from nearby islets, islands, and island groups. We thus expected common eiders to show limited genetic structure indicative of extensive mixing among island populations. Satellite telemetry was used to record current movement patterns of female common eiders from six islands across three island groups. We collected genetic data from these and other nesting common eiders at 14 microsatellite loci and the mitochondrial DNA control region to examine population genetic structure, historical fluctuations in population demography, and gene flow. Our results suggest recent interchange among islands. Analysis of microsatellite data supports satellite telemetry data of increased dispersal of common eiders to nearby areas and little between island groups. Although evidence from mtDNA is suggestive of female dispersal among island groups, gene flow is insufficient to account for recolonization and rapid population growth. Instead, near-by remnant populations of common eiders contributed substantially to population expansion, without which re-colonization would have likely occurred at a much lower rate. Genetic and morphometric data of common eiders within one island group two and three decades after re-colonization suggests reduced movement of eiders among islands and little movement between island groups after populations were re-established. We predict that re-colonization of an island group where all common eiders are extirpated could take decades.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jav.00626","usgsCitation":"Petersen, M.R., Sonsthagen, S.A., and Sexson, M.G., 2015, Re-colonization by common eiders Somateria mollissima in the Aleutian Archipelago following removal of introduced arctic foxes Vulpes lagopus: Journal of Avian Biology, v. 46, no. 5, p. 538-549, https://doi.org/10.1111/jav.00626.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"538","endPage":"549","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054807","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311558,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Andreanof Islands, Near Islands, Rat Islands,","volume":"46","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564f00c9e4b064dd1d09558c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, Margaret R. 0000-0001-6082-3189 mrpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6082-3189","contributorId":167729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Margaret","email":"mrpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sonsthagen, Sarah A. 0000-0001-6215-5874 ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-5874","contributorId":3711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonsthagen","given":"Sarah","email":"ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sexson, Matthew G. 0000-0002-1078-0835 msexson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1078-0835","contributorId":5544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sexson","given":"Matthew","email":"msexson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70159325,"text":"70159325 - 2015 - Groundwater availability in the United States: the value of quantitative regional assessments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-01T15:36:33","indexId":"70159325","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater availability in the United States: the value of quantitative regional assessments","docAbstract":"<p>The sustainability of water resources is under continued threat from the challenges associated with a growing population, competing demands, and a changing climate. Freshwater scarcity has become a fact in many areas. Much of the United States surface-water supplies are fully apportioned for use; thus, in some areas the only potential alternative freshwater source that can provide needed quantities is groundwater. Although frequently overlooked, groundwater serves as the principal reserve of freshwater in the US and represents much of the potential supply during periods of drought. Some nations have requirements to monitor and characterize the availability of groundwater such as the European Union&rsquo;s Water Framework Directive (EPCEU 2000). In the US there is no such national requirement. Quantitative regional groundwater availability assessments, however, are essential to document the status and trends of groundwater availability for the US and make informed water-resource decisions possible now and in the future. Barthel (2014) highlighted that the value of regional groundwater assessments goes well beyond just quantifying the resource so that it can be better managed. The tools and techniques required to evaluate these unique regional systems advance the science of hydrogeology and provide enhanced methods that can benefit local-scale groundwater investigations. In addition, a significant, yet under-utilized benefit is the digital spatial and temporal data sets routinely generated as part of these studies. Even though there is no legal or regulatory requirement for regional groundwater assessments in the US, there is a logical basis for their implementation. The purpose of this essay is to articulate the rationale for and reaffirm the value of regional groundwater assessments primarily in the US; however, the arguments hold for all nations. The importance of the data sets and the methods and model development that occur as part of these assessments is stressed. These high-value data sets and models should be available in readily accessible formats for use today and in the future. Examples of advances in and accomplishments of two regional groundwater assessments are presented to demonstrate their function, relevance, and value for determining the sustainability of the groundwater resources of the US.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-015-1307-5","usgsCitation":"Dennehy, K.F., Reilly, T.E., and Cunningham, W.L., 2015, Groundwater availability in the United States: the value of quantitative regional assessments: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 23, no. 8, p. 1629-1632, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-015-1307-5.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1629","endPage":"1632","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057964","costCenters":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471829,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-015-1307-5","text":"Publisher Index 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,{"id":70159332,"text":"70159332 - 2015 - Demersal fish distribution and habitat use within and near Baltimore and Norfolk Canyons, U.S. Middle Atlantic Slope","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-13T16:49:29","indexId":"70159332","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1370,"text":"Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Demersal fish distribution and habitat use within and near Baltimore and Norfolk Canyons, U.S. Middle Atlantic Slope","docAbstract":"<p>Numerous submarine canyons along the United States middle Atlantic continental margin support enhanced productivity, diverse and unique habitats, active fisheries, and are vulnerable to various anthropogenic disturbances. During two cruises (15 Aug&ndash;2 Oct 2012 and 30 Apr&ndash;27 May 2013), Baltimore and Norfolk canyons and nearby areas (including two cold seeps) were intensively surveyed to determine demersal fish distributions and habitat associations. Overall, 34 ROV dives (234&ndash;1612 m) resulted in 295 h of bottom video observations and numerous collections. These data were supplemented by 40, 30-min bottom trawl samples. Fish observations were assigned to five general habitat designations: 1) sand-mud (flat), 2) sloping sand-mud with burrows, 3) low profile gravel, rock, boulder, 4) high profile, canyon walls, rocks or ridges, and 5) seep-mixed hard and soft substrata, the later subdivided into seven habitats based on amounts of dead mussel and rock cover. The influence of corals, sponges and live mussels (seeps only) on fish distributions was also investigated. Both canyon areas supported abundant and diverse fish communities and exhibited a wide range of habitats, including extensive areas of deep-sea corals and sponges and two nearby methane seeps (380&ndash;430 m, 1455&ndash;1610 m). All methods combined yielded a total of 123 species of fishes, 12 of which are either new records for this region or have new range data. Depth was a major factor that separated the fish faunas into two zones with a boundary around 1400 m. Fishes defining the deeper zone included Lycodes sp.,Dicrolene introniger, Gaidropsaurus ensis, Hydrolagus affinis, Antimora rostrata, andAldrovandia sp. Fishes in the deep zone did not exhibit strong habitat affinities, despite the presence of a quite rugged, extensive methane seep. We propose that habitat specificity decreases with increasing depth. Fishes in the shallower zone, characterized by Laemonema sp., Phycis chesteri, Nezumia bairdii, Brosme brosme, and Helicolenus dactylopterus, exhibited a variety of habitat use patterns. In general, fish assemblages in the soft substrata areas (dominated by P. chesteri, N. bairdii, Glyptocephalus cynoglossus, Lophius americanus, Merluccius albidus) were different from those in more complex habitats (dominated by Laemonema spp., Hoplostethus spp., B. brosme,Benthocometes robustus, L. americanus, Dysommina rugosa). Although, when present, the dense coral and sponge cover did not statistically affect general fish assemblage patterns in hard bottom habitats, these sessile organisms markedly increased habitat complexity, and some fish species exhibited close association with them. Fish species compositions in the two canyons were not substantially different from the surrounding slopes. However, the diversity of habitats within both the canyons and seeps exerted an important influence on assemblage structure. At least for some species (e.g., B. brosme) canyon and seep environments may be a refuge from intensive bottom fishing activities. We frequently observed evidence of commercial and recreational fishing activity (lost gear on bottom and fishing boats in the area) throughout the canyons and some resulting habitat damage. Conservation measures for the unique and more vulnerable areas (seep and coral habitats) have recently been approved.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr.2015.06.004","collaboration":"UNCW","usgsCitation":"Ross, S., Rhode, M., and Quattrini, A.M., 2015, Demersal fish distribution and habitat use within and near Baltimore and Norfolk Canyons, U.S. Middle Atlantic Slope: Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, v. 103, p. 137-154, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2015.06.004.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"137","endPage":"154","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064238","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310313,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Baltimore Canyon, Norfolk Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.0478515625,\n              35.0120020431607\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.0478515625,\n              39.774769485295465\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.34619140625,\n              39.774769485295465\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.34619140625,\n              35.0120020431607\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.0478515625,\n              35.0120020431607\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"103","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562a08b9e4b011227bf1fd42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ross, Steve W.","contributorId":41134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Steve W.","affiliations":[{"id":32398,"text":"University of North Carolina Wilmington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rhode, Mike","contributorId":149348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rhode","given":"Mike","affiliations":[{"id":17714,"text":"UNCW","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Quattrini, Andrea M. aquattrini@usgs.gov","contributorId":149346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quattrini","given":"Andrea","email":"aquattrini@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":578036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70159653,"text":"70159653 - 2015 - Factors affecting the thermal environment of Agassiz’s Desert Tortoise (<i>Gopherus agassizii</i>) cover sites in the Central Mojave Desert during periods of temperature extremes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-12T11:37:21","indexId":"70159653","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2334,"text":"Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors affecting the thermal environment of Agassiz’s Desert Tortoise (<i>Gopherus agassizii</i>) cover sites in the Central Mojave Desert during periods of temperature extremes","docAbstract":"<p>Agassiz's Desert Tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) spend &gt;95% of their lives underground in cover sites that serve as thermal buffers from temperatures, which can fluctuate &gt;40&deg;C on a daily and seasonal basis. We monitored temperatures at 30 active tortoise cover sites within the Soda Mountains, San Bernardino County, California, from February 2004 to September 2006. Cover sites varied in type and structural characteristics, including opening height and width, soil cover depth over the opening, aspect, tunnel length, and surficial geology. We focused our analyses on periods of extreme temperature: in summer, between July 1 and September 1, and winter, between November 1 and February 15. With the use of multivariate regression tree analyses, we found cover-site temperatures were influenced largely by tunnel length and subsequently opening width and soil cover. Linear regression models further showed that increasing tunnel length increased temperature stability and dampened seasonal temperature extremes. Climate change models predict increased warming for southwestern North America. Cover sites that buffer temperature extremes and fluctuations will become increasingly important for survival of tortoises. In planning future translocation projects and conservation efforts, decision makers should consider habitats with terrain and underlying substrate that sustain cover sites with long tunnels and expanded openings for tortoises living under temperature extremes similar to those described here or as projected in the future.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","doi":"10.1670/13-080","usgsCitation":"Mack, J.S., Berry, K.H., Miller, D., and Carlson, A.S., 2015, Factors affecting the thermal environment of Agassiz’s Desert Tortoise (<i>Gopherus agassizii</i>) cover sites in the Central Mojave Desert during periods of temperature extremes: Journal of Herpetology, v. 49, no. 3, p. 405-414, https://doi.org/10.1670/13-080.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"405","endPage":"414","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-008005","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311399,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Central Mojave desert","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.14996337890625,\n              35.49757411565533\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.663818359375,\n              35.50651802802079\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.63497924804688,\n              35.40696093270201\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.47430419921875,\n              35.40136418330354\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.47979736328125,\n              35.3285710912542\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.28341674804689,\n              35.34425514918409\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.27517700195312,\n              35.306160014550784\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.50039672851561,\n              35.112045209072974\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.12112426757811,\n              35.055856273399804\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.23098754882811,\n              35.016500995886005\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.24472045898436,\n              35.07159307658134\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.11975097656249,\n              35.088450570365396\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.14996337890625,\n              35.49757411565533\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564b0c47e4b0ebfbef0d314a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mack, Jeremy S. jmack@usgs.gov","contributorId":3851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mack","given":"Jeremy","email":"jmack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berry, Kristin H. 0000-0003-1591-8394 kristin_berry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1591-8394","contributorId":437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"Kristin","email":"kristin_berry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, David M. 0000-0003-3711-0441 dmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":140769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David M.","email":"dmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carlson, Andrea S.","contributorId":149879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carlson","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":17847,"text":"USGS-WERC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70159505,"text":"70159505 - 2015 - High mercury wet deposition at a “clean Air” site in Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:55:22","indexId":"70159505","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High mercury wet deposition at a “clean Air” site in Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"<p><span>Atmospheric mercury deposition measurements are rare in tropical latitudes. Here we report on seven years (April 2005 to April 2012, with gaps) of wet Hg deposition measurements at a tropical wet forest in the Luquillo Mountains, northeastern Puerto Rico, U.S. Despite receiving unpolluted air off the Atlantic Ocean from northeasterly trade winds, during two complete years the site averaged 27.9 &mu;g m</span><sup>&ndash;2</sup><span><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span>yr</span><sup>&ndash;1</sup><span><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span>wet Hg deposition, or about 30% more than Florida and the Gulf Coast, the highest deposition areas within the U.S. These high Hg deposition rates are driven in part by high rainfall, which averaged 2855 mm yr</span><sup>&ndash;1</sup><span>. The volume-weighted mean Hg concentration was 9.8 ng L</span><sup>&ndash;1</sup><span>, and was highest during summer and lowest during the winter dry season. Rainout of Hg (decreasing concentration with increasing rainfall depth) was minimal. The high Hg deposition was not supported by gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) at ground level, which remained near global background concentrations (&lt;10 pg m</span><sup>&ndash;3</sup><span>). Rather, a strong positive correlation between Hg concentrations and the maximum height of rain detected within clouds (echo tops) suggests that droplets in high convective cloud tops scavenge GOM from above the mixing layer. The high wet Hg deposition at this &ldquo;clean air&rdquo; site suggests that other tropical areas may be hotspots for Hg deposition as well.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b02430","usgsCitation":"Shanley, J.B., Engle, M.A., Scholl, M.A., Krabbenhoft, D.P., Brunette, R., Olson, M.L., and Conroy, M.E., 2015, High mercury wet deposition at a “clean Air” site in Puerto Rico: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 49, no. 20, p. 12474-12482, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b02430.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"12474","endPage":"12482","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-024204","costCenters":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311645,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","otherGeospatial":"Luquillo Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -65.86990356445312,\n              18.236525215453405\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.86990356445312,\n              18.35452552912664\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.69892883300781,\n              18.35452552912664\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.69892883300781,\n              18.236525215453405\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.86990356445312,\n              18.236525215453405\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"20","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565446c4e4b071e7ea53d4ca","chorus":{"doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b02430","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b02430","publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","authors":"Shanley James B., Engle Mark A., Scholl Martha, Krabbenhoft David P., Brunette Robert, Olson Mark L., Conroy Mary E.","journalName":"Environmental Science & Technology","publicationDate":"10/20/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shanley, James B. 0000-0002-4234-3437 jshanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3437","contributorId":1953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"James","email":"jshanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Engle, Mark A. 0000-0001-5258-7374 engle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5258-7374","contributorId":584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"Mark","email":"engle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scholl, Martha A. 0000-0001-6994-4614 mascholl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6994-4614","contributorId":1920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"Martha","email":"mascholl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brunette, Robert","contributorId":149742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brunette","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17807,"text":"Frontier Geosciences, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Olson, Mark L.","contributorId":149743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olson","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":17808,"text":"University of Illinois, Champaign","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Conroy, Mary E.","contributorId":149744,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conroy","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":17809,"text":"University of Vermont, Burlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70159433,"text":"70159433 - 2015 - Spring plant phenology and false springs in the conterminous US during the 21st century","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-29T13:18:39","indexId":"70159433","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spring plant phenology and false springs in the conterminous US during the 21st century","docAbstract":"<p>The onset of spring plant growth has shifted earlier in the year over the past several decades due to rising global temperatures. Earlier spring onset may cause phenological mismatches between the availability of plant resources and dependent animals, and potentially lead to more false springs, when subsequent freezing temperatures damage new plant growth. We used the extended spring indices to project changes in spring onset, defined by leaf out and by first bloom, and predicted false springs until 2100 in the conterminous United States (US) using statistically-downscaled climate projections from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 ensemble. Averaged over our study region, the median shift in spring onset was 23 days earlier in the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 scenario with particularly large shifts in the Western US and the Great Plains. Spatial variation in phenology was due to the influence of short-term temperature changes around the time of spring onset versus season long accumulation of warm temperatures. False spring risk increased in the Great Plains and portions of the Midwest, but remained constant or decreased elsewhere. We conclude that global climate change may have complex and spatially variable effects on spring onset and false springs, making local predictions of change difficult.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/10/10/104008","usgsCitation":"Allstadt, A.J., Vavrus, S.J., Heglund, P., Pidgeon, A.M., Thogmartin, W.E., and Radeloff, V.C., 2015, Spring plant phenology and false springs in the conterminous US during the 21st century: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 10, no. 10, e104008: 24 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/10/104008.","productDescription":"e104008: 24 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061582","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471837,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/10/104008","text":"Publisher Index 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J.","contributorId":141125,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allstadt","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13679,"text":"SILVIS Lab, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vavrus, Stephen J.","contributorId":141127,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vavrus","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13681,"text":"Center for Climate Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heglund, Patricia J.","contributorId":141128,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heglund","given":"Patricia J.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pidgeon, Anna M.","contributorId":84243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pidgeon","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":578608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Thogmartin, Wayne E. 0000-0002-2384-4279 wthogmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4279","contributorId":2545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thogmartin","given":"Wayne","email":"wthogmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Radeloff, Volker C.","contributorId":141124,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Radeloff","given":"Volker","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13679,"text":"SILVIS Lab, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70159958,"text":"70159958 - 2015 - Shifts in the eruptive styles at Stromboli in 2010–2014 revealed by ground-based InSAR data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-04T16:11:07","indexId":"70159958","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shifts in the eruptive styles at Stromboli in 2010–2014 revealed by ground-based InSAR data","docAbstract":"<p>Ground-Based Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (GBInSAR) is an efficient technique for capturing short, subtle episodes of conduit pressurization in open vent volcanoes like Stromboli (Italy), because it can detect very shallow magma storage, which is difficult to identify using other methods. This technique allows the user to choose the optimal radar location for measuring the most significant deformation signal, provides an exceptional geometrical resolution, and allows for continuous monitoring of the deformation. Here, we present and model ground displacements collected at Stromboli by GBInSAR from January 2010 to August 2014. During this period, the volcano experienced several episodes of intense volcanic activity, culminated in the effusive flank eruption of August 2014. Modelling of the deformation allowed us to estimate a source depth of 482 &plusmn; 46 m a.s.l. The cumulative volume change was 4.7 &plusmn; 2.6 &times; 105 m3. The strain energy of the source was evaluated 3&ndash;5 times higher than the surface energy needed to open the 6&ndash;7 August eruptive fissure. The analysis proposed here can help forecast shifts in the eruptive style and especially the onset of flank eruptions at Stromboli and at similar volcanic systems (e.g. Etna, Piton de La Fournaise, Kilauea).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group (NPG)","doi":"10.1038/srep13569","usgsCitation":"Di Traglia, F., Battaglia, M., Nolesini, T., Lagomarsino, D., and Casaglia, N., 2015, Shifts in the eruptive styles at Stromboli in 2010–2014 revealed by ground-based InSAR data: Scientific Reports, no. 5, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/srep13569.","productDescription":"11 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064541","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471838,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/srep13569","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311951,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":311915,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/srep13569"}],"country":"Italy","otherGeospatial":"Stromboli","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              15.213661193847658,\n              38.81189098781871\n            ],\n            [\n              15.190315246582033,\n              38.79771102715645\n            ],\n            [\n              15.184478759765627,\n              38.790753788294424\n            ],\n            [\n              15.191688537597654,\n              38.7800490179011\n            ],\n            [\n              15.201988220214846,\n              38.77656962147866\n            ],\n            [\n              15.215721130371096,\n              38.77041335043523\n            ],\n            [\n              15.226364135742188,\n              38.77442837007637\n            ],\n            [\n              15.232543945312498,\n              38.78459874169886\n            ],\n            [\n              15.240097045898438,\n              38.79450007821985\n            ],\n            [\n              15.24421691894531,\n              38.80573776659133\n            ],\n            [\n              15.228080749511719,\n              38.812426025416734\n            ],\n            [\n              15.216751098632812,\n              38.81296105899589\n            ],\n            [\n              15.213661193847658,\n              38.81189098781871\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5662c759e4b06a3ea36c67cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Di Traglia, Federico","contributorId":150264,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Di Traglia","given":"Federico","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17947,"text":"Università di Firenze","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Battaglia, Maurizio mbattaglia@usgs.gov","contributorId":139631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglia","given":"Maurizio","email":"mbattaglia@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nolesini, Teresa","contributorId":150265,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nolesini","given":"Teresa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17947,"text":"Università di Firenze","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lagomarsino, Daniela","contributorId":150266,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lagomarsino","given":"Daniela","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17947,"text":"Università di Firenze","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Casaglia, Nicola","contributorId":150267,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Casaglia","given":"Nicola","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17947,"text":"Università di Firenze","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70159916,"text":"70159916 - 2015 - Characterization of a novel hepadnavirus in the white sucker (<i>Catostomus commersonii</i>) from the Great Lakes Region of the USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:42:52","indexId":"70159916","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2497,"text":"Journal of Virology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of a novel hepadnavirus in the white sucker (<i>Catostomus commersonii</i>) from the Great Lakes Region of the USA","docAbstract":"<p>The white sucker Catostomus commersonii is a freshwater teleost often utilized as a resident sentinel. Here, we sequenced the full genome of a hepatitis B-like virus that infects white suckers from the Great Lakes Region of the USA. Dideoxysequencing confirmed the white sucker hepatitis B virus (WSHBV) has a circular genome (3542 bp) with the prototypical codon organization of hepadnaviruses. Electron microscopy demonstrated that complete virions of approximately 40 nm were present in the plasma of infected fish. Compared to avi- and orthohepadnaviruses, sequence conservation of the core, polymerase and surface proteins was low and ranged from 16-27% at the amino acid level. An X protein homologue common to the orthohepadnaviruses was not present. The WSHBV genome included an atypical, presumptively non-coding region absent in previously described hepadnaviruses. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed WSHBV as distinct from previously documented hepadnaviruses. The level of divergence in protein sequences between WSHBV other hepadnaviruses, and the identification of an HBV-like sequence in an African cichlid provide evidence that a novel genus of the family Hepadnaviridae may need to be established that includes these hepatitis B-like viruses in fishes. Viral transcription was observed in 9.5% (16 of 169) of white suckers evaluated. The prevalence of hepatic tumors in these fish was 4.9%, of which only 2.4% were positive for both virus and hepatic tumors. These results are not sufficient to draw inferences regarding the association of WSHBV and carcinogenesis in white sucker.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/JVI.01278-15","usgsCitation":"Hahn, C.M., Iwanowicz, L., Cornman, R.S., Conway, C.M., Winton, J., and Blazer, V., 2015, Characterization of a novel hepadnavirus in the white sucker (<i>Catostomus commersonii</i>) from the Great Lakes Region of the USA: Journal of Virology, v. 89, no. 23, p. 11801-11811, https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01278-15.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"11801","endPage":"11811","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065136","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471827,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01278-15","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311872,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes Region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.55957031249999,\n              41.0130657870063\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.55957031249999,\n              49.1242192485914\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.2783203125,\n              49.1242192485914\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.2783203125,\n              41.0130657870063\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.55957031249999,\n              41.0130657870063\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"89","issue":"23","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"566175c5e4b06a3ea36c5684","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hahn, Cassidy M. cmhahn@usgs.gov","contributorId":5321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hahn","given":"Cassidy","email":"cmhahn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iwanowicz, Luke R. liwanowicz@usgs.gov","contributorId":148350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"Luke R.","email":"liwanowicz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":581032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cornman, Robert S. 0000-0001-9511-2192 rcornman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9511-2192","contributorId":5356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornman","given":"Robert","email":"rcornman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Conway, Carla M. 0000-0002-3851-3616 cmconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3851-3616","contributorId":2946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Carla","email":"cmconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Winton, James R. jwinton@usgs.gov","contributorId":150220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James R.","email":"jwinton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":581037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Blazer, Vicki S. 0000-0001-6647-9614 vblazer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":149414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"Vicki S.","email":"vblazer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":581034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70162104,"text":"70162104 - 2015 - Evaluation of the toxicity of sediments from the Anniston PCB Site to the mussel Lampsilis siliquoidea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T13:58:54","indexId":"70162104","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Evaluation of the toxicity of sediments from the Anniston PCB Site to the mussel Lampsilis siliquoidea","docAbstract":"The Anniston Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Site is located in the vicinity of the municipality of Anniston in Calhoun County, in the north-eastern portion of Alabama. Although there are a variety of land-use activities within the Choccolocco Creek watershed, environmental concerns in the area have focused mainly on releases of PCBs to aquatic and riparian habitats. PCBs were manufactured by Monsanto, Inc. at the Anniston facility from 1935 to 1971. The chemicals of potential concern (COPCs) in sediments at the Anniston PCB Site include: PCBs, mercury, metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine and organophosphorous pesticides, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs), and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs).\n\nThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of PCB-contaminated sediments to the juvenile fatmucket mussel (Lampsilis siliquoidea) and to characterize relationships between sediment chemistry and the toxicity of sediment samples collected from the Anniston PCB Site using laboratory sediment testing. Samples were collected in August 2010 from OU-4 of the Anniston PCB Site, as well as from selected reference locations. A total of 32 samples were initially collected from six test sites and one reference site within the watershed. A total of 23 of these 32 samples were evaluated in 28-day whole-sediment toxicity tests conducted with juvenile mussels (L. siliquoidea). Physical and chemical characterization of whole sediment included grain size, total organic carbon (TOC), nutrients, PCBs, parent and \nalkylated PAHs, organochlorine pesticides, PCDD/PCDFs, total metals, \nsimultaneously extracted metals (SEM), and acid volatile sulfide (AVS). \n\nSediment collected from Snow Creek and Choccolocco Creek contained a variety of COPCs. Organic contaminants detected in sediment included PCBs, organochlorine pesticides, PCDDs/PCDFs, and PAHs. In general, the highest concentrations of PCBs were associated with the highest concentrations of PAHs, PCDDs/PCDFs, and organochlorine pesticides. Specifically, sediments 08, 18, and 19 exceeded probable effect concentration quotients (PEC-Qs) of 1.0 for all organic classes of contaminants. These three sediment samples also had high concentrations of mercury and lead, which were the only metals found at elevated concentrations (i.e., above the probable effect concentration [PEC]) in the samples collected. Many sediment samples were \nhighly contaminated with mercury, based on comparisons to samples collected from reference locations.\n\nThe whole-sediment laboratory toxicity tests conducted with L. siliquoidea met the test acceptability criteria (e.g., control survival was greater than or equal to 80%).  Survival of mussels was high in most samples, with 4 of 23 samples (17%) classified as toxic based on the survival endpoint. Biomass and weight were more sensitive endpoints for the L. siliquoidea toxicity tests, with both endpoints classifying 52% of the samples as toxic. Samples 19 and 30 were most toxic to L. siliquoidea, as they were classified as toxic according to all four endpoints (survival, biomass, weight, and length).\n\nMussels were less sensitive in toxicity tests conducted with sediments from the Anniston PCB Site than Hyalella azteca and Chironomus dilutus. Biomass of L. siliquoidea was less sensitive compared to biomass of H. azteca or biomass of larval C. dilutus. Based on the most sensitive endpoint for each species, 52% of the samples were toxic to L. siliquoidea, whereas 67% of sediments were toxic to H. azteca (based on reproduction) and 65% were toxic to C. dilutus (based on adult biomass). The low-risk toxicity threshold (TTLR) was higher for L. siliquoidea biomass (e.g., 20,400 µg/kg dry weight [DW]) compared to that for H. azteca reproduction (e.g., 499 µg/kg DW) or C. dilutus adult biomass (e.g., 1,140 µg/kg DW; MacDonald et al. 2014). While mussels such as L. sili","language":"English","publisher":"MacDonald Environmental Sciences Ltd","collaboration":"MacDonald Environmental Science St.","usgsCitation":"Schein, A., Sinclair, J., MacDonald, D., Ingersoll, C.G., Kemble, N.E., and Kunz, J.L., 2015, Evaluation of the toxicity of sediments from the Anniston PCB Site to the mussel Lampsilis siliquoidea, 113 p. .","productDescription":"113 p. ","startPage":"1","endPage":"112","ipdsId":"IP-063231","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332133,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":314264,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.fws.gov/daphne/Contaminants/index-AnnistonNRDA.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama ","otherGeospatial":"Choccolocco creek ","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -86.253662109375,\n              33.37182502950726\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.253662109375,\n              33.500178528242294\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.9954833984375,\n              33.500178528242294\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.9954833984375,\n              33.37182502950726\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.253662109375,\n              33.37182502950726\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"585268e3e4b0e2663625ec8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schein, Allison","contributorId":152229,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schein","given":"Allison","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18887,"text":"MacDonald Environmental Sciences Ltd., #24 - 4800 Island Highway North, Nanaimo, British Columbia V9T 1W6","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":588554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sinclair, Jesse A.","contributorId":66967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sinclair","given":"Jesse A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"MacDonald, Donald D.","contributorId":49911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacDonald","given":"Donald D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ingersoll, Christopher G. 0000-0003-4531-5949 cingersoll@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-5949","contributorId":2071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"Christopher","email":"cingersoll@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kemble, Nile E. 0000-0002-3608-0538 nkemble@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3608-0538","contributorId":2626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kemble","given":"Nile","email":"nkemble@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kunz, James L. 0000-0002-1027-158X jkunz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1027-158X","contributorId":3309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunz","given":"James","email":"jkunz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70159295,"text":"70159295 - 2015 - Effects of elevated water temperature on physiological responses in adult freshwater mussels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-20T15:31:28","indexId":"70159295","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of elevated water temperature on physiological responses in adult freshwater mussels","docAbstract":"<ol id=\"fwb12603-list-0001\" class=\"numbered\">\n<li>Freshwater mussels (order Unionoida) face multiple environmental stressors, which pose serious conservation challenges to this diverse assemblage of aquatic invertebrates. Of these stressors, elevated water temperature from global climate change and other anthropogenic sources may be the most ubiquitous and could be placing many mussel populations dangerously close to their thermal maxima.</li>\n<li>We tested the hypothesis that elevated water temperatures (20, 25, 30 and 35&nbsp;&deg;C) adversely affected physiological responses in adults of four North American species of mussels (<i>Amblema plicata</i>,<i>&nbsp;Elliptio complanata, Fusconaia flava</i>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<i>Lampsilis cardium)</i>&nbsp;in 21-d laboratory tests.</li>\n<li>Oxygen consumption rates were directly affected by temperature in&nbsp;<i>E.&nbsp;complanata</i>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<i>L.&nbsp;cardium</i>, and indirectly affected by temperature in&nbsp;<i>A.&nbsp;plicata</i>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<i>F.&nbsp;flava</i>. Rates of O<sub>2</sub>&nbsp;consumption were generally positively correlated with water temperature. Ammonium excretion rates varied significantly with temperature in&nbsp;<i>E.&nbsp;complanata</i>&nbsp;and generally increased with temperature. The amount of O<sub>2</sub>&nbsp;consumed relative to nitrogen excreted (O&nbsp;:&nbsp;N ratio), varied significantly with temperature in&nbsp;<i>A.&nbsp;plicata</i>,<i>&nbsp;E.&nbsp;complanata</i>&nbsp;and<i>F.&nbsp;flava</i>. The tissue condition index varied among temperatures and species.</li>\n<li>These data suggest that elevated temperatures can alter metabolic rates in native mussels and may decrease the amount of energy that is available for key biological processes, such as survival, growth and reproduction.</li>\n</ol>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/fwb.12603","usgsCitation":"Ganser, A.M., Newton, T., and Haro, R.J., 2015, Effects of elevated water temperature on physiological responses in adult freshwater mussels: Freshwater Biology, v. 60, no. 8, p. 1705-1715, https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12603.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1705","endPage":"1715","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":310201,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562765bbe4b0d158f592652c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ganser, Alissa M.","contributorId":21855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganser","given":"Alissa","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newton, Teresa J. 0000-0001-9351-5852","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9351-5852","contributorId":78696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"Teresa J.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haro, Roger J.","contributorId":12813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haro","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70162015,"text":"70162015 - 2015 - Upgrade of the New China Digital Seismograph Network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-13T09:54:03","indexId":"70162015","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Upgrade of the New China Digital Seismograph Network","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220140182","usgsCitation":"Anderson, D., Anderson, J., Ford, D., Gee, L.S., Gyure, G., Hutt, C.R., Kromer, E., Marshall, B., Persefield, K., Ringler, A.T., Sharratt, M., Storm, T., Wilson, D.C., Yang, D., and Zheng, Z., 2015, Upgrade of the New China Digital Seismograph Network: Seismological Research Letters, v. 86, no. 5, p. 1364-1373, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220140182.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1364","endPage":"1373","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066237","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314261,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"86","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56978341e4b039675d00a700","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, D.","contributorId":9211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, 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,{"id":70173529,"text":"70173529 - 2015 - Developing nondestructive techniques for managing conflicts between fisheries and double-crested cormorant colonies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-20T13:26:55","indexId":"70173529","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developing nondestructive techniques for managing conflicts between fisheries and double-crested cormorant colonies","docAbstract":"<p><span>Double-crested cormorants (</span><i>Phalacrocorax auritus</i><span>) have been identified as the source of significant mortality to juvenile salmonids (</span><i>Oncorhynchus</i><span>&nbsp;spp.) in the Columbia River Basin. Management plans for reducing the size of a large colony on East Sand Island (OR, USA) in the Columbia River estuary are currently being developed. We evaluated habitat enhancement and social attraction as nondestructive techniques for managing cormorant nesting colonies during 2004&ndash;2007. We tested these techniques on unoccupied plots adjacent to the East Sand Island cormorant colony. Cormorants quickly colonized these plots and successfully raised young. Cormorants also were attracted to nest and raised young on similar plots at 2 islands approximately 25&thinsp;km from East Sand Island; 1 island had a history of successful cormorant nesting whereas the other was a site where cormorants had previously nested unsuccessfully. On a third island with no history of cormorant nesting or nesting attempts, these techniques were unsuccessful at attracting cormorants to nest. Our results suggest that some important factors influencing attraction of nesting cormorants using these techniques include history of cormorant nesting, disturbance, and presence of breeding cormorants nearby. These techniques may be effective in redistributing nesting cormorants away from areas where fish stocks of conservation concern are susceptible to predation, especially if sites with a recent history of cormorant nesting are available within their foraging or dispersal range. Published 2015. Wiley Periodicals, Inc. This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/wsb.595","usgsCitation":"Suzuki, Y., Roby, D.D., Lyons, D., Courtot, K., and Collis, K., 2015, Developing nondestructive techniques for managing conflicts between fisheries and double-crested cormorant colonies: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 39, no. 4, p. 764-771, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.595.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"764","endPage":"771","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059208","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500059,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/b1fcdd4886fb4856ac8cebfc8fdc549e","text":"External Repository"},{"id":324007,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.09263610839842,\n              46.31563567841108\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.09057617187499,\n              46.263442671779885\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.96286010742188,\n              46.112753709120874\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.52958679199217,\n              46.197418556693115\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.53713989257812,\n              46.231153027822046\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.47946166992188,\n              46.214525948735094\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.46366882324219,\n              46.272936008641494\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.09263610839842,\n              46.31563567841108\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913b5e4b07657d19ff00a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Suzuki, Yasuko","contributorId":172179,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Suzuki","given":"Yasuko","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roby, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9844-0992 droby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9844-0992","contributorId":3702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roby","given":"Daniel","email":"droby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lyons, Donald E.","contributorId":20119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"Donald E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Courtot, Karen 0000-0002-8849-4054 kcourtot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8849-4054","contributorId":140002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Courtot","given":"Karen","email":"kcourtot@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":639347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Collis, Ken","contributorId":149991,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collis","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17879,"text":"Real Time Research, Inc., 231 SW Scalehouse Loop, Suite 101, Bend, OR 97702","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":639348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70173404,"text":"70173404 - 2015 - A critical assessment of the ecological assumptions underpinning compensatory mitigation of salmon-derived nutrients","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-22T13:48:33","indexId":"70173404","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A critical assessment of the ecological assumptions underpinning compensatory mitigation of salmon-derived nutrients","docAbstract":"<p><span>We critically evaluate some of the key ecological assumptions underpinning the use of nutrient replacement as a means of recovering salmon populations and a range of other organisms thought to be linked to productive salmon runs. These assumptions include: (1) nutrient mitigation mimics the ecological roles of salmon, (2) mitigation is needed to replace salmon-derived nutrients and stimulate primary and invertebrate production in streams, and (3) food resources in rearing habitats limit populations of salmon and resident fishes. First, we call into question assumption one because an array of evidence points to the multi-faceted role played by spawning salmon, including disturbance via redd-building, nutrient recycling by live fish, and consumption by terrestrial consumers. Second, we show that assumption two may require qualification based upon a more complete understanding of nutrient cycling and productivity in streams. Third, we evaluate the empirical evidence supporting food limitation of fish populations and conclude it has been only weakly tested. On the basis of this assessment, we urge caution in the application of nutrient mitigation as a management tool. Although applications of nutrients and other materials intended to mitigate for lost or diminished runs of Pacific salmon may trigger ecological responses within treated ecosystems, contributions of these activities toward actual mitigation may be limited.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00267-015-0538-5","usgsCitation":"Collins, S.F., Marcarelli, A.M., Baxter, C.V., and Wipfli, M.S., 2015, A critical assessment of the ecological assumptions underpinning compensatory mitigation of salmon-derived nutrients: Environmental Management, v. 56, no. 3, p. 571-586, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-015-0538-5.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"571","endPage":"586","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065573","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471823,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.idahoafs.org/documents/2012AnnualMeeting.pdf","text":"External Repository"},{"id":324229,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576bb6ade4b07657d1a2284d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, Scott F.","contributorId":172292,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collins","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marcarelli, Amy M.","contributorId":81821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marcarelli","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baxter, Colden V.","contributorId":172293,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baxter","given":"Colden","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wipfli, Mark S. 0000-0002-4856-6068 mwipfli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4856-6068","contributorId":1425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wipfli","given":"Mark","email":"mwipfli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
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