{"pageNumber":"1162","pageRowStart":"29025","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165309,"records":[{"id":70176710,"text":"70176710 - 2015 - Camera traps and mark-resight models: The value of ancillary data for evaluating assumptions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-03T13:56:41","indexId":"70176710","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Camera traps and mark-resight models: The value of ancillary data for evaluating assumptions","docAbstract":"Unbiased estimators of abundance and density are fundamental to the study of animal ecology and critical for making sound management decisions. Capture–recapture models are generally considered the most robust approach for estimating these parameters but rely on a number of assumptions that are often violated but rarely validated. Mark-resight models, a form of capture–recapture, are well suited for use with noninvasive sampling methods and allow for a number of assumptions to be relaxed. We used ancillary data from continuous video and radio telemetry to evaluate the assumptions of mark-resight models for abundance estimation on a barrier island raccoon (Procyon lotor) population using camera traps. Our island study site was geographically closed, allowing us to estimate real survival and in situ recruitment in addition to population size. We found several sources of bias due to heterogeneity of capture probabilities in our study, including camera placement, animal movement, island physiography, and animal behavior. Almost all sources of heterogeneity could be accounted for using the sophisticated mark-resight models developed by McClintock et al. (2009b) and this model generated estimates similar to a spatially explicit mark-resight model previously developed for this population during our study. Spatially explicit capture–recapture models have become an important tool in ecology and confer a number of advantages; however, non-spatial models that account for inherent individual heterogeneity may perform nearly as well, especially where immigration and emigration are limited. Non-spatial models are computationally less demanding, do not make implicit assumptions related to the isotropy of home ranges, and can provide insights with respect to the biological traits of the local population.","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.931","usgsCitation":"Parsons, A.W., Simons, T.R., Pollock, K.H., Stoskopf, M.K., Stocking, J.J., and O’Connell, A.F., 2015, Camera traps and mark-resight models: The value of ancillary data for evaluating assumptions: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 79, no. 7, p. 1163-1172, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.931.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1163","endPage":"1172","ipdsId":"IP-057828","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329240,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Cape Lookout National Seashore","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.5252685546875,\n              34.56085936708384\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.45135498046875,\n              35.247862157399915\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.5804443359375,\n              35.32184842037683\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.0308837890625,\n              35.160336728130346\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.2835693359375,\n              34.92197103616377\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.48956298828125,\n              34.7461262752594\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.59942626953125,\n              34.615126683462194\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.5252685546875,\n              34.56085936708384\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"79","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7ee36e4b0bc0bec09e911","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parsons, Arielle W.","contributorId":91383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"Arielle","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simons, Theodore R. 0000-0002-1884-6229 tsimons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1884-6229","contributorId":2623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simons","given":"Theodore","email":"tsimons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pollock, Kenneth H.","contributorId":8590,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollock","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stoskopf, Michael K.","contributorId":83817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stoskopf","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stocking, Jessica J.","contributorId":68626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stocking","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"O’Connell, Allan F. 0000-0001-7032-7023 aoconnell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7032-7023","contributorId":471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Connell","given":"Allan","email":"aoconnell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70159916,"text":"70159916 - 2015 - Characterization of a novel hepadnavirus in the white sucker (<i>Catostomus commersonii</i>) from the Great Lakes Region of the USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:42:52","indexId":"70159916","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2497,"text":"Journal of Virology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of a novel hepadnavirus in the white sucker (<i>Catostomus commersonii</i>) from the Great Lakes Region of the USA","docAbstract":"<p>The white sucker Catostomus commersonii is a freshwater teleost often utilized as a resident sentinel. Here, we sequenced the full genome of a hepatitis B-like virus that infects white suckers from the Great Lakes Region of the USA. Dideoxysequencing confirmed the white sucker hepatitis B virus (WSHBV) has a circular genome (3542 bp) with the prototypical codon organization of hepadnaviruses. Electron microscopy demonstrated that complete virions of approximately 40 nm were present in the plasma of infected fish. Compared to avi- and orthohepadnaviruses, sequence conservation of the core, polymerase and surface proteins was low and ranged from 16-27% at the amino acid level. An X protein homologue common to the orthohepadnaviruses was not present. The WSHBV genome included an atypical, presumptively non-coding region absent in previously described hepadnaviruses. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed WSHBV as distinct from previously documented hepadnaviruses. The level of divergence in protein sequences between WSHBV other hepadnaviruses, and the identification of an HBV-like sequence in an African cichlid provide evidence that a novel genus of the family Hepadnaviridae may need to be established that includes these hepatitis B-like viruses in fishes. Viral transcription was observed in 9.5% (16 of 169) of white suckers evaluated. The prevalence of hepatic tumors in these fish was 4.9%, of which only 2.4% were positive for both virus and hepatic tumors. These results are not sufficient to draw inferences regarding the association of WSHBV and carcinogenesis in white sucker.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/JVI.01278-15","usgsCitation":"Hahn, C.M., Iwanowicz, L., Cornman, R.S., Conway, C.M., Winton, J., and Blazer, V., 2015, Characterization of a novel hepadnavirus in the white sucker (<i>Catostomus commersonii</i>) from the Great Lakes Region of the USA: Journal of Virology, v. 89, no. 23, p. 11801-11811, https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01278-15.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"11801","endPage":"11811","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065136","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471827,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01278-15","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311872,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes Region","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.55957031249999,\n              41.0130657870063\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.55957031249999,\n              49.1242192485914\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.2783203125,\n              49.1242192485914\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.2783203125,\n              41.0130657870063\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.55957031249999,\n              41.0130657870063\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"89","issue":"23","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"566175c5e4b06a3ea36c5684","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hahn, Cassidy M. cmhahn@usgs.gov","contributorId":5321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hahn","given":"Cassidy","email":"cmhahn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iwanowicz, Luke R. liwanowicz@usgs.gov","contributorId":148350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"Luke R.","email":"liwanowicz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":581032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cornman, Robert S. 0000-0001-9511-2192 rcornman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9511-2192","contributorId":5356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornman","given":"Robert","email":"rcornman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Conway, Carla M. 0000-0002-3851-3616 cmconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3851-3616","contributorId":2946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Carla","email":"cmconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Winton, James R. jwinton@usgs.gov","contributorId":150220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James R.","email":"jwinton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":581037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Blazer, Vicki S. 0000-0001-6647-9614 vblazer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":149414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"Vicki S.","email":"vblazer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":581034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70162015,"text":"70162015 - 2015 - Upgrade of the New China Digital Seismograph Network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-13T09:54:03","indexId":"70162015","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Upgrade of the New China Digital Seismograph Network","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220140182","usgsCitation":"Anderson, D., Anderson, J., Ford, D., Gee, L.S., Gyure, G., Hutt, C.R., Kromer, E., Marshall, B., Persefield, K., Ringler, A.T., Sharratt, M., Storm, T., Wilson, D.C., Yang, D., and Zheng, Z., 2015, Upgrade of the New China Digital Seismograph Network: Seismological Research Letters, v. 86, no. 5, p. 1364-1373, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220140182.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1364","endPage":"1373","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066237","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314261,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"86","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56978341e4b039675d00a700","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, D.","contributorId":9211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, J.","contributorId":103437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ford, D.","contributorId":152222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ford","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gee, Lind S. lgee@usgs.gov","contributorId":145579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gee","given":"Lind","email":"lgee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":588330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gyure, G.","contributorId":152223,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gyure","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hutt, Charles R. 0000-0001-9033-9195 bhutt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9033-9195","contributorId":1622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutt","given":"Charles","email":"bhutt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kromer, E.","contributorId":152224,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kromer","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Marshall, B.","contributorId":107163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Persefield, K.","contributorId":152226,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Persefield","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Ringler, Adam T. 0000-0002-9839-4188 aringler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-4188","contributorId":145576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ringler","given":"Adam","email":"aringler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Sharratt, M.","contributorId":152227,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sharratt","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Storm, Tyler 0000-0002-6787-9545 tstorm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6787-9545","contributorId":152165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storm","given":"Tyler","email":"tstorm@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Wilson, David C. 0000-0003-2582-5159 dwilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2582-5159","contributorId":145580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"David","email":"dwilson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Yang, D.","contributorId":82440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yang","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Zheng, Z.","contributorId":152228,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zheng","given":"Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}}
,{"id":70148613,"text":"70148613 - 2015 - Wetland occupancy of pond-breeding amphibians in Yosemite National Park, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-16T09:49:22","indexId":"70148613","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3895,"text":"Journal of North American Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wetland occupancy of pond-breeding amphibians in Yosemite National Park, USA","docAbstract":"<p>We estimated wetland occupancy and population trends for three species of pond-breeding anurans in Yosemite National Park from 2007-2011. We used a double survey technique in which two observers independently surveyed each site on the same day. Double surveys allowed us to calculate detectability for the three most common anurans within the park: Rana sierrae, Anaxyrus canorus, and Pseudacris regilla. Annual estimates of detectability were generally high; mean detectability ranged from 73.7% <span>+</span> 0.6 (SE) for any life history stage of A. canorus to 86.7% <span>+</span> 0.7 for sites with P. regilla reproduction (eggs or larvae present). Detectability was most variable for Anaxyrus canorus, which ranged from 45.9% to 99.7%. The probability of occupancy for R. sierrae was highest in larger, low-elevation wetlands that lacked fish. Anaxyrus canorus were more common in shallow high-elevation ponds; their occurrence was minimally impacted by the presence of fish. Finally, occurrence of P. regilla was largely unrelated to wetland size and elevation, but like R. sierrae, they were less likely to occupy sites with fi sh. Occupancy showed no trend over the five years of our study for R. sierrae or A. canorus when considering either sites with any life stage or only sites with reproduction. However, P. regilla showed a modest downward trend for sites with any life stage and sites with reproduction. Our results for R. sierrae run counter to expectations given recent concern about the decline of this species, while our findings for P. regilla raise concerns for this widespread and generally common species.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Center for North American Herpetology","usgsCitation":"Fellers, G.M., Kleeman, P.M., and Miller, D., 2015, Wetland occupancy of pond-breeding amphibians in Yosemite National Park, USA: Journal of North American Herpetology, v. 2015, no. 1, p. 22-33.","productDescription":"12 p","startPage":"22","endPage":"33","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2007-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-059719","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308163,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":305748,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://jnah.cnah.org/default.aspx","text":"Publisher Index Page"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Yosemite National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -119.66583251953124,\n              37.41270958119496\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.80590820312499,\n              37.66860332433055\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.89929199218749,\n              37.808698976006795\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.94529724121092,\n              38.129155479572624\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.46258544921874,\n              38.13779704369439\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.25796508789061,\n              37.938782346134396\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.14810180664061,\n              37.74465712069939\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.13162231445311,\n              37.54131068652799\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.26895141601562,\n              37.42361656106772\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.66583251953124,\n              37.41270958119496\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"2015","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa92d8e4b05d6c4e501aee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fellers, Gary M. 0000-0003-4092-0285 gary_fellers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4092-0285","contributorId":3150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fellers","given":"Gary","email":"gary_fellers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kleeman, Patrick M. 0000-0001-6567-3239 pkleeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6567-3239","contributorId":3948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleeman","given":"Patrick","email":"pkleeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, David A.W.","contributorId":19423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David A.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70173404,"text":"70173404 - 2015 - A critical assessment of the ecological assumptions underpinning compensatory mitigation of salmon-derived nutrients","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-22T13:48:33","indexId":"70173404","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A critical assessment of the ecological assumptions underpinning compensatory mitigation of salmon-derived nutrients","docAbstract":"<p><span>We critically evaluate some of the key ecological assumptions underpinning the use of nutrient replacement as a means of recovering salmon populations and a range of other organisms thought to be linked to productive salmon runs. These assumptions include: (1) nutrient mitigation mimics the ecological roles of salmon, (2) mitigation is needed to replace salmon-derived nutrients and stimulate primary and invertebrate production in streams, and (3) food resources in rearing habitats limit populations of salmon and resident fishes. First, we call into question assumption one because an array of evidence points to the multi-faceted role played by spawning salmon, including disturbance via redd-building, nutrient recycling by live fish, and consumption by terrestrial consumers. Second, we show that assumption two may require qualification based upon a more complete understanding of nutrient cycling and productivity in streams. Third, we evaluate the empirical evidence supporting food limitation of fish populations and conclude it has been only weakly tested. On the basis of this assessment, we urge caution in the application of nutrient mitigation as a management tool. Although applications of nutrients and other materials intended to mitigate for lost or diminished runs of Pacific salmon may trigger ecological responses within treated ecosystems, contributions of these activities toward actual mitigation may be limited.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00267-015-0538-5","usgsCitation":"Collins, S.F., Marcarelli, A.M., Baxter, C.V., and Wipfli, M.S., 2015, A critical assessment of the ecological assumptions underpinning compensatory mitigation of salmon-derived nutrients: Environmental Management, v. 56, no. 3, p. 571-586, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-015-0538-5.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"571","endPage":"586","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065573","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471823,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.idahoafs.org/documents/2012AnnualMeeting.pdf","text":"External Repository"},{"id":324229,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576bb6ade4b07657d1a2284d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, Scott F.","contributorId":172292,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collins","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marcarelli, Amy M.","contributorId":81821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marcarelli","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baxter, Colden V.","contributorId":172293,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baxter","given":"Colden","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wipfli, Mark S. 0000-0002-4856-6068 mwipfli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4856-6068","contributorId":1425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wipfli","given":"Mark","email":"mwipfli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70162618,"text":"70162618 - 2015 - Defining conservation targets on a landscape-scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-14T14:48:31","indexId":"70162618","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Defining conservation targets on a landscape-scale","docAbstract":"<p>Conservation planning, the process of deciding how to protect, conserve, enhance and(or) minimize loss of natural and cultural resources, is a fundamental process to achieve conservation success in a time of rapid environmental change. Conservation targets, the measurable expressions of desired resource conditions, are an important tool in biological planning to achieve effective outcomes. Conservation targets provide a focus for planning, design, conservation action, and collaborative monitoring of environmental trends to guide landscape-scale conservation to improve the quality and quantity of key ecological and cultural resources. It is essential to have an iterative and inclusive method to define conservation targets that is replicable and allows for the evaluation of the effectiveness of conservation targets over time. In this document, we describe a process that can be implemented to achieve landscape-scale conservation, which includes defining conservation targets. We also describe what has been accomplished to date (September 2015) through this process for the Peninsular Florida Landscape Conservation Cooperative (PFLCC).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Peninsular Florida Landscape Conservation Cooperative website","usgsCitation":"Benscoter, A., Romanach, S.S., and Brandt, L., 2015, Defining conservation targets on a landscape-scale, iii.; 77 p.","productDescription":"iii.; 77 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070195","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314915,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://peninsularfloridalcc.org/page/conservation-targets"},{"id":320054,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      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A.","contributorId":18608,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brandt","given":"Laura A.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70159653,"text":"70159653 - 2015 - Factors affecting the thermal environment of Agassiz’s Desert Tortoise (<i>Gopherus agassizii</i>) cover sites in the Central Mojave Desert during periods of temperature extremes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-12T11:37:21","indexId":"70159653","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2334,"text":"Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Factors affecting the thermal environment of Agassiz’s Desert Tortoise (<i>Gopherus agassizii</i>) cover sites in the Central Mojave Desert during periods of temperature extremes","docAbstract":"<p>Agassiz's Desert Tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) spend &gt;95% of their lives underground in cover sites that serve as thermal buffers from temperatures, which can fluctuate &gt;40&deg;C on a daily and seasonal basis. We monitored temperatures at 30 active tortoise cover sites within the Soda Mountains, San Bernardino County, California, from February 2004 to September 2006. Cover sites varied in type and structural characteristics, including opening height and width, soil cover depth over the opening, aspect, tunnel length, and surficial geology. We focused our analyses on periods of extreme temperature: in summer, between July 1 and September 1, and winter, between November 1 and February 15. With the use of multivariate regression tree analyses, we found cover-site temperatures were influenced largely by tunnel length and subsequently opening width and soil cover. Linear regression models further showed that increasing tunnel length increased temperature stability and dampened seasonal temperature extremes. Climate change models predict increased warming for southwestern North America. Cover sites that buffer temperature extremes and fluctuations will become increasingly important for survival of tortoises. In planning future translocation projects and conservation efforts, decision makers should consider habitats with terrain and underlying substrate that sustain cover sites with long tunnels and expanded openings for tortoises living under temperature extremes similar to those described here or as projected in the future.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","doi":"10.1670/13-080","usgsCitation":"Mack, J.S., Berry, K.H., Miller, D., and Carlson, A.S., 2015, Factors affecting the thermal environment of Agassiz’s Desert Tortoise (<i>Gopherus agassizii</i>) cover sites in the Central Mojave Desert during periods of temperature extremes: Journal of Herpetology, v. 49, no. 3, p. 405-414, https://doi.org/10.1670/13-080.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"405","endPage":"414","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-008005","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311399,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Central Mojave desert","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.14996337890625,\n              35.49757411565533\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.663818359375,\n              35.50651802802079\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.63497924804688,\n              35.40696093270201\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.47430419921875,\n              35.40136418330354\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.47979736328125,\n              35.3285710912542\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.28341674804689,\n              35.34425514918409\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.27517700195312,\n              35.306160014550784\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.50039672851561,\n              35.112045209072974\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.12112426757811,\n              35.055856273399804\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.23098754882811,\n              35.016500995886005\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.24472045898436,\n              35.07159307658134\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.11975097656249,\n              35.088450570365396\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.14996337890625,\n              35.49757411565533\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564b0c47e4b0ebfbef0d314a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mack, Jeremy S. jmack@usgs.gov","contributorId":3851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mack","given":"Jeremy","email":"jmack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berry, Kristin H. 0000-0003-1591-8394 kristin_berry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1591-8394","contributorId":437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"Kristin","email":"kristin_berry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, David M. 0000-0003-3711-0441 dmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":140769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David M.","email":"dmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carlson, Andrea S.","contributorId":149879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carlson","given":"Andrea","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":17847,"text":"USGS-WERC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70159295,"text":"70159295 - 2015 - Effects of elevated water temperature on physiological responses in adult freshwater mussels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-20T15:31:28","indexId":"70159295","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1696,"text":"Freshwater Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of elevated water temperature on physiological responses in adult freshwater mussels","docAbstract":"<ol id=\"fwb12603-list-0001\" class=\"numbered\">\n<li>Freshwater mussels (order Unionoida) face multiple environmental stressors, which pose serious conservation challenges to this diverse assemblage of aquatic invertebrates. Of these stressors, elevated water temperature from global climate change and other anthropogenic sources may be the most ubiquitous and could be placing many mussel populations dangerously close to their thermal maxima.</li>\n<li>We tested the hypothesis that elevated water temperatures (20, 25, 30 and 35&nbsp;&deg;C) adversely affected physiological responses in adults of four North American species of mussels (<i>Amblema plicata</i>,<i>&nbsp;Elliptio complanata, Fusconaia flava</i>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<i>Lampsilis cardium)</i>&nbsp;in 21-d laboratory tests.</li>\n<li>Oxygen consumption rates were directly affected by temperature in&nbsp;<i>E.&nbsp;complanata</i>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<i>L.&nbsp;cardium</i>, and indirectly affected by temperature in&nbsp;<i>A.&nbsp;plicata</i>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<i>F.&nbsp;flava</i>. Rates of O<sub>2</sub>&nbsp;consumption were generally positively correlated with water temperature. Ammonium excretion rates varied significantly with temperature in&nbsp;<i>E.&nbsp;complanata</i>&nbsp;and generally increased with temperature. The amount of O<sub>2</sub>&nbsp;consumed relative to nitrogen excreted (O&nbsp;:&nbsp;N ratio), varied significantly with temperature in&nbsp;<i>A.&nbsp;plicata</i>,<i>&nbsp;E.&nbsp;complanata</i>&nbsp;and<i>F.&nbsp;flava</i>. The tissue condition index varied among temperatures and species.</li>\n<li>These data suggest that elevated temperatures can alter metabolic rates in native mussels and may decrease the amount of energy that is available for key biological processes, such as survival, growth and reproduction.</li>\n</ol>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/fwb.12603","usgsCitation":"Ganser, A.M., Newton, T., and Haro, R.J., 2015, Effects of elevated water temperature on physiological responses in adult freshwater mussels: Freshwater Biology, v. 60, no. 8, p. 1705-1715, https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12603.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1705","endPage":"1715","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":310201,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"60","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562765bbe4b0d158f592652c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ganser, Alissa M.","contributorId":21855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganser","given":"Alissa","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newton, Teresa J. 0000-0001-9351-5852","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9351-5852","contributorId":78696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newton","given":"Teresa J.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haro, Roger J.","contributorId":12813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haro","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70159958,"text":"70159958 - 2015 - Shifts in the eruptive styles at Stromboli in 2010–2014 revealed by ground-based InSAR data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-04T16:11:07","indexId":"70159958","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3358,"text":"Scientific Reports","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shifts in the eruptive styles at Stromboli in 2010–2014 revealed by ground-based InSAR data","docAbstract":"<p>Ground-Based Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (GBInSAR) is an efficient technique for capturing short, subtle episodes of conduit pressurization in open vent volcanoes like Stromboli (Italy), because it can detect very shallow magma storage, which is difficult to identify using other methods. This technique allows the user to choose the optimal radar location for measuring the most significant deformation signal, provides an exceptional geometrical resolution, and allows for continuous monitoring of the deformation. Here, we present and model ground displacements collected at Stromboli by GBInSAR from January 2010 to August 2014. During this period, the volcano experienced several episodes of intense volcanic activity, culminated in the effusive flank eruption of August 2014. Modelling of the deformation allowed us to estimate a source depth of 482 &plusmn; 46 m a.s.l. The cumulative volume change was 4.7 &plusmn; 2.6 &times; 105 m3. The strain energy of the source was evaluated 3&ndash;5 times higher than the surface energy needed to open the 6&ndash;7 August eruptive fissure. The analysis proposed here can help forecast shifts in the eruptive style and especially the onset of flank eruptions at Stromboli and at similar volcanic systems (e.g. Etna, Piton de La Fournaise, Kilauea).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group (NPG)","doi":"10.1038/srep13569","usgsCitation":"Di Traglia, F., Battaglia, M., Nolesini, T., Lagomarsino, D., and Casaglia, N., 2015, Shifts in the eruptive styles at Stromboli in 2010–2014 revealed by ground-based InSAR data: Scientific Reports, no. 5, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/srep13569.","productDescription":"11 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064541","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471838,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/srep13569","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311951,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":311915,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/srep13569"}],"country":"Italy","otherGeospatial":"Stromboli","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              15.213661193847658,\n              38.81189098781871\n            ],\n            [\n              15.190315246582033,\n              38.79771102715645\n            ],\n            [\n              15.184478759765627,\n              38.790753788294424\n            ],\n            [\n              15.191688537597654,\n              38.7800490179011\n            ],\n            [\n              15.201988220214846,\n              38.77656962147866\n            ],\n            [\n              15.215721130371096,\n              38.77041335043523\n            ],\n            [\n              15.226364135742188,\n              38.77442837007637\n            ],\n            [\n              15.232543945312498,\n              38.78459874169886\n            ],\n            [\n              15.240097045898438,\n              38.79450007821985\n            ],\n            [\n              15.24421691894531,\n              38.80573776659133\n            ],\n            [\n              15.228080749511719,\n              38.812426025416734\n            ],\n            [\n              15.216751098632812,\n              38.81296105899589\n            ],\n            [\n              15.213661193847658,\n              38.81189098781871\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5662c759e4b06a3ea36c67cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Di Traglia, Federico","contributorId":150264,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Di Traglia","given":"Federico","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17947,"text":"Università di Firenze","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Battaglia, Maurizio mbattaglia@usgs.gov","contributorId":139631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglia","given":"Maurizio","email":"mbattaglia@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nolesini, Teresa","contributorId":150265,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nolesini","given":"Teresa","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17947,"text":"Università di Firenze","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lagomarsino, Daniela","contributorId":150266,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lagomarsino","given":"Daniela","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17947,"text":"Università di Firenze","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Casaglia, Nicola","contributorId":150267,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Casaglia","given":"Nicola","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17947,"text":"Università di Firenze","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70157198,"text":"70157198 - 2015 - The forcing of monthly precipitation variability over Southwest Asia during the Boreal cold season","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-27T13:00:59","indexId":"70157198","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2216,"text":"Journal of Climate","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The forcing of monthly precipitation variability over Southwest Asia during the Boreal cold season","docAbstract":"<p>Southwest Asia, deemed as the region containing the countries of Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq and Pakistan, is water scarce and receives nearly 75% of its annual rainfall during8 the boreal cold season of November-April. The forcing of Southwest Asia precipitation has been previously examined for the entire boreal cold season from the perspective of climate variability originating over the Atlantic and tropical Indo-Pacific Oceans. Here, we examine the inter-monthly differences in precipitation variability over Southwest Asia and the atmospheric conditions directly responsible in forcing monthly November-April precipitation. Seasonally averaged November-April precipitation over Southwest Asia is significantly correlated with sea surface temperature (SST) patterns consistent with Pacific Decadal Variability (PDV), the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the warming trend of SST (Trend). On the contrary, the precipitation variability during individual months of November-April are unrelated and are correlated with SST signatures that include PDV, ENSO and Trend in different combinations. Despite strong inter-monthly differences in precipitation variability during November- April over Southwest Asia, similar atmospheric circulations, highlighted by a stationary equivalent barotropic Rossby wave centered over Iraq, force the monthly spatial distributions of precipitation. Tropospheric waves on the eastern side of the equivalent barotropic Rossby wave modifies the flux of moisture and advects the mean temperature gradient, resulting in temperature advection that is balanced by vertical motions over Southwest Asia. The forcing of monthly Southwest Asia precipitation by equivalent barotropic Rossby waves is different than the forcing by baroclinic Rossby waves associated with tropically-forced-only modes of climate variability.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00757.1","usgsCitation":"Hoell, A., Shukla, S., Barlow, M., Cannon, F., Kelley, C., and Funk, C.C., 2015, The forcing of monthly precipitation variability over Southwest Asia during the Boreal cold season: Journal of Climate, v. 28, no. 18, p. 7038-7056, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00757.1.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"7038","endPage":"7056","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066985","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471828,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00757.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308331,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"18","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56012aaee4b03bc34f544439","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoell, Andrew","contributorId":145803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoell","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":16236,"text":"UCSB Climate Hazards Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shukla, Shraddhanand","contributorId":145841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shukla","given":"Shraddhanand","affiliations":[{"id":16255,"text":"Climate Hazards Group University of California Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barlow, Mathew","contributorId":145834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barlow","given":"Mathew","affiliations":[{"id":16250,"text":"University of Massechusetts, Lowell","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cannon, Forest","contributorId":147642,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cannon","given":"Forest","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16874,"text":"UC Santa Barbara, Geography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kelley, Colin","contributorId":147643,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelley","given":"Colin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16236,"text":"UCSB Climate Hazards Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Funk, Christopher C. 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Christopher","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":572235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70159332,"text":"70159332 - 2015 - Demersal fish distribution and habitat use within and near Baltimore and Norfolk Canyons, U.S. Middle Atlantic Slope","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-13T16:49:29","indexId":"70159332","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1370,"text":"Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Demersal fish distribution and habitat use within and near Baltimore and Norfolk Canyons, U.S. Middle Atlantic Slope","docAbstract":"<p>Numerous submarine canyons along the United States middle Atlantic continental margin support enhanced productivity, diverse and unique habitats, active fisheries, and are vulnerable to various anthropogenic disturbances. During two cruises (15 Aug&ndash;2 Oct 2012 and 30 Apr&ndash;27 May 2013), Baltimore and Norfolk canyons and nearby areas (including two cold seeps) were intensively surveyed to determine demersal fish distributions and habitat associations. Overall, 34 ROV dives (234&ndash;1612 m) resulted in 295 h of bottom video observations and numerous collections. These data were supplemented by 40, 30-min bottom trawl samples. Fish observations were assigned to five general habitat designations: 1) sand-mud (flat), 2) sloping sand-mud with burrows, 3) low profile gravel, rock, boulder, 4) high profile, canyon walls, rocks or ridges, and 5) seep-mixed hard and soft substrata, the later subdivided into seven habitats based on amounts of dead mussel and rock cover. The influence of corals, sponges and live mussels (seeps only) on fish distributions was also investigated. Both canyon areas supported abundant and diverse fish communities and exhibited a wide range of habitats, including extensive areas of deep-sea corals and sponges and two nearby methane seeps (380&ndash;430 m, 1455&ndash;1610 m). All methods combined yielded a total of 123 species of fishes, 12 of which are either new records for this region or have new range data. Depth was a major factor that separated the fish faunas into two zones with a boundary around 1400 m. Fishes defining the deeper zone included Lycodes sp.,Dicrolene introniger, Gaidropsaurus ensis, Hydrolagus affinis, Antimora rostrata, andAldrovandia sp. Fishes in the deep zone did not exhibit strong habitat affinities, despite the presence of a quite rugged, extensive methane seep. We propose that habitat specificity decreases with increasing depth. Fishes in the shallower zone, characterized by Laemonema sp., Phycis chesteri, Nezumia bairdii, Brosme brosme, and Helicolenus dactylopterus, exhibited a variety of habitat use patterns. In general, fish assemblages in the soft substrata areas (dominated by P. chesteri, N. bairdii, Glyptocephalus cynoglossus, Lophius americanus, Merluccius albidus) were different from those in more complex habitats (dominated by Laemonema spp., Hoplostethus spp., B. brosme,Benthocometes robustus, L. americanus, Dysommina rugosa). Although, when present, the dense coral and sponge cover did not statistically affect general fish assemblage patterns in hard bottom habitats, these sessile organisms markedly increased habitat complexity, and some fish species exhibited close association with them. Fish species compositions in the two canyons were not substantially different from the surrounding slopes. However, the diversity of habitats within both the canyons and seeps exerted an important influence on assemblage structure. At least for some species (e.g., B. brosme) canyon and seep environments may be a refuge from intensive bottom fishing activities. We frequently observed evidence of commercial and recreational fishing activity (lost gear on bottom and fishing boats in the area) throughout the canyons and some resulting habitat damage. Conservation measures for the unique and more vulnerable areas (seep and coral habitats) have recently been approved.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr.2015.06.004","collaboration":"UNCW","usgsCitation":"Ross, S., Rhode, M., and Quattrini, A.M., 2015, Demersal fish distribution and habitat use within and near Baltimore and Norfolk Canyons, U.S. Middle Atlantic Slope: Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, v. 103, p. 137-154, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2015.06.004.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"137","endPage":"154","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064238","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310313,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Baltimore Canyon, Norfolk Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -74.0478515625,\n              35.0120020431607\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.0478515625,\n              39.774769485295465\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.34619140625,\n              39.774769485295465\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.34619140625,\n              35.0120020431607\n            ],\n            [\n              -74.0478515625,\n              35.0120020431607\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"103","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562a08b9e4b011227bf1fd42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ross, Steve W.","contributorId":41134,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Steve W.","affiliations":[{"id":32398,"text":"University of North Carolina Wilmington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rhode, Mike","contributorId":149348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rhode","given":"Mike","affiliations":[{"id":17714,"text":"UNCW","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":578038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Quattrini, Andrea M. aquattrini@usgs.gov","contributorId":149346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quattrini","given":"Andrea","email":"aquattrini@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":578036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70159505,"text":"70159505 - 2015 - High mercury wet deposition at a “clean Air” site in Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:55:22","indexId":"70159505","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High mercury wet deposition at a “clean Air” site in Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"<p><span>Atmospheric mercury deposition measurements are rare in tropical latitudes. Here we report on seven years (April 2005 to April 2012, with gaps) of wet Hg deposition measurements at a tropical wet forest in the Luquillo Mountains, northeastern Puerto Rico, U.S. Despite receiving unpolluted air off the Atlantic Ocean from northeasterly trade winds, during two complete years the site averaged 27.9 &mu;g m</span><sup>&ndash;2</sup><span><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span>yr</span><sup>&ndash;1</sup><span><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span>wet Hg deposition, or about 30% more than Florida and the Gulf Coast, the highest deposition areas within the U.S. These high Hg deposition rates are driven in part by high rainfall, which averaged 2855 mm yr</span><sup>&ndash;1</sup><span>. The volume-weighted mean Hg concentration was 9.8 ng L</span><sup>&ndash;1</sup><span>, and was highest during summer and lowest during the winter dry season. Rainout of Hg (decreasing concentration with increasing rainfall depth) was minimal. The high Hg deposition was not supported by gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) at ground level, which remained near global background concentrations (&lt;10 pg m</span><sup>&ndash;3</sup><span>). Rather, a strong positive correlation between Hg concentrations and the maximum height of rain detected within clouds (echo tops) suggests that droplets in high convective cloud tops scavenge GOM from above the mixing layer. The high wet Hg deposition at this &ldquo;clean air&rdquo; site suggests that other tropical areas may be hotspots for Hg deposition as well.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b02430","usgsCitation":"Shanley, J.B., Engle, M.A., Scholl, M.A., Krabbenhoft, D.P., Brunette, R., Olson, M.L., and Conroy, M.E., 2015, High mercury wet deposition at a “clean Air” site in Puerto Rico: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 49, no. 20, p. 12474-12482, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b02430.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"12474","endPage":"12482","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-024204","costCenters":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311645,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","otherGeospatial":"Luquillo Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -65.86990356445312,\n              18.236525215453405\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.86990356445312,\n              18.35452552912664\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.69892883300781,\n              18.35452552912664\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.69892883300781,\n              18.236525215453405\n            ],\n            [\n              -65.86990356445312,\n              18.236525215453405\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"20","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565446c4e4b071e7ea53d4ca","chorus":{"doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b02430","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b02430","publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","authors":"Shanley James B., Engle Mark A., Scholl Martha, Krabbenhoft David P., Brunette Robert, Olson Mark L., Conroy Mary E.","journalName":"Environmental Science & Technology","publicationDate":"10/20/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shanley, James B. 0000-0002-4234-3437 jshanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3437","contributorId":1953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"James","email":"jshanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Engle, Mark A. 0000-0001-5258-7374 engle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5258-7374","contributorId":584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engle","given":"Mark","email":"engle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scholl, Martha A. 0000-0001-6994-4614 mascholl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6994-4614","contributorId":1920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"Martha","email":"mascholl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brunette, Robert","contributorId":149742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brunette","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17807,"text":"Frontier Geosciences, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Olson, Mark L.","contributorId":149743,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olson","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":17808,"text":"University of Illinois, Champaign","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Conroy, Mary E.","contributorId":149744,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conroy","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":17809,"text":"University of Vermont, Burlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70159433,"text":"70159433 - 2015 - Spring plant phenology and false springs in the conterminous US during the 21st century","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-29T13:18:39","indexId":"70159433","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spring plant phenology and false springs in the conterminous US during the 21st century","docAbstract":"<p>The onset of spring plant growth has shifted earlier in the year over the past several decades due to rising global temperatures. Earlier spring onset may cause phenological mismatches between the availability of plant resources and dependent animals, and potentially lead to more false springs, when subsequent freezing temperatures damage new plant growth. We used the extended spring indices to project changes in spring onset, defined by leaf out and by first bloom, and predicted false springs until 2100 in the conterminous United States (US) using statistically-downscaled climate projections from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 ensemble. Averaged over our study region, the median shift in spring onset was 23 days earlier in the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 scenario with particularly large shifts in the Western US and the Great Plains. Spatial variation in phenology was due to the influence of short-term temperature changes around the time of spring onset versus season long accumulation of warm temperatures. False spring risk increased in the Great Plains and portions of the Midwest, but remained constant or decreased elsewhere. We conclude that global climate change may have complex and spatially variable effects on spring onset and false springs, making local predictions of change difficult.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/10/10/104008","usgsCitation":"Allstadt, A.J., Vavrus, S.J., Heglund, P., Pidgeon, A.M., Thogmartin, W.E., and Radeloff, V.C., 2015, Spring plant phenology and false springs in the conterminous US during the 21st century: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 10, no. 10, e104008: 24 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/10/104008.","productDescription":"e104008: 24 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061582","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471837,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/10/104008","text":"Publisher Index 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,{"id":70159325,"text":"70159325 - 2015 - Groundwater availability in the United States: the value of quantitative regional assessments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-01T15:36:33","indexId":"70159325","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater availability in the United States: the value of quantitative regional assessments","docAbstract":"<p>The sustainability of water resources is under continued threat from the challenges associated with a growing population, competing demands, and a changing climate. Freshwater scarcity has become a fact in many areas. Much of the United States surface-water supplies are fully apportioned for use; thus, in some areas the only potential alternative freshwater source that can provide needed quantities is groundwater. Although frequently overlooked, groundwater serves as the principal reserve of freshwater in the US and represents much of the potential supply during periods of drought. Some nations have requirements to monitor and characterize the availability of groundwater such as the European Union&rsquo;s Water Framework Directive (EPCEU 2000). In the US there is no such national requirement. Quantitative regional groundwater availability assessments, however, are essential to document the status and trends of groundwater availability for the US and make informed water-resource decisions possible now and in the future. Barthel (2014) highlighted that the value of regional groundwater assessments goes well beyond just quantifying the resource so that it can be better managed. The tools and techniques required to evaluate these unique regional systems advance the science of hydrogeology and provide enhanced methods that can benefit local-scale groundwater investigations. In addition, a significant, yet under-utilized benefit is the digital spatial and temporal data sets routinely generated as part of these studies. Even though there is no legal or regulatory requirement for regional groundwater assessments in the US, there is a logical basis for their implementation. The purpose of this essay is to articulate the rationale for and reaffirm the value of regional groundwater assessments primarily in the US; however, the arguments hold for all nations. The importance of the data sets and the methods and model development that occur as part of these assessments is stressed. These high-value data sets and models should be available in readily accessible formats for use today and in the future. Examples of advances in and accomplishments of two regional groundwater assessments are presented to demonstrate their function, relevance, and value for determining the sustainability of the groundwater resources of the US.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-015-1307-5","usgsCitation":"Dennehy, K.F., Reilly, T.E., and Cunningham, W.L., 2015, Groundwater availability in the United States: the value of quantitative regional assessments: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 23, no. 8, p. 1629-1632, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-015-1307-5.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1629","endPage":"1632","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057964","costCenters":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471829,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-015-1307-5","text":"Publisher Index 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States\"}}]}","volume":"23","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562a08cee4b011227bf1fd6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dennehy, Kevin F. kdennehy@usgs.gov","contributorId":1128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dennehy","given":"Kevin","email":"kdennehy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":509,"text":"Office of the Associate Director for Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reilly, Thomas E. tereilly@usgs.gov","contributorId":1660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reilly","given":"Thomas","email":"tereilly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cunningham, William L. wcunning@usgs.gov","contributorId":1198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cunningham","given":"William","email":"wcunning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":578015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70159739,"text":"70159739 - 2015 - Re-colonization by common eiders Somateria mollissima in the Aleutian Archipelago following removal of introduced arctic foxes Vulpes lagopus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-01T16:05:43.950398","indexId":"70159739","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2190,"text":"Journal of Avian Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Re-colonization by common eiders <i>Somateria mollissima</i> in the Aleutian Archipelago following removal of introduced arctic foxes <i>Vulpes lagopus</i>","title":"Re-colonization by common eiders Somateria mollissima in the Aleutian Archipelago following removal of introduced arctic foxes Vulpes lagopus","docAbstract":"<p><span>Islands provide refuges for populations of many species where they find safety from predators, but the introduction of predators frequently results in elimination or dramatic reductions in island-dwelling organisms. When predators are removed, re-colonization for some species occurs naturally, and inter-island phylogeographic relationships and current movement patterns can illuminate processes of colonization. We studied a case of re-colonization of common eiders&nbsp;</span><i>Somateria mollissima</i><span>&nbsp;following removal of introduced arctic foxes&nbsp;</span><i>Vulpes lagopus</i><span>&nbsp;in the Aleutian Archipelago, Alaska. We expected common eiders to resume nesting on islands cleared of foxes and to re-colonize from nearby islets, islands, and island groups. We thus expected common eiders to show limited genetic structure indicative of extensive mixing among island populations. Satellite telemetry was used to record current movement patterns of female common eiders from six islands across three island groups. We collected genetic data from these and other nesting common eiders at 14 microsatellite loci and the mitochondrial DNA control region to examine population genetic structure, historical fluctuations in population demography, and gene flow. Our results suggest recent interchange among islands. Analysis of microsatellite data supports satellite telemetry data of increased dispersal of common eiders to nearby areas and little between island groups. Although evidence from mtDNA is suggestive of female dispersal among island groups, gene flow is insufficient to account for recolonization and rapid population growth. Instead, near-by remnant populations of common eiders contributed substantially to population expansion, without which re-colonization would have likely occurred at a much lower rate. Genetic and morphometric data of common eiders within one island group two and three decades after re-colonization suggests reduced movement of eiders among islands and little movement between island groups after populations were re-established. We predict that re-colonization of an island group where all common eiders are extirpated could take decades.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jav.00626","usgsCitation":"Petersen, M.R., Sonsthagen, S.A., and Sexson, M.G., 2015, Re-colonization by common eiders Somateria mollissima in the Aleutian Archipelago following removal of introduced arctic foxes Vulpes lagopus: Journal of Avian Biology, v. 46, no. 5, p. 538-549, https://doi.org/10.1111/jav.00626.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"538","endPage":"549","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054807","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311558,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Andreanof Islands, Near Islands, Rat Islands,","volume":"46","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564f00c9e4b064dd1d09558c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, Margaret R. 0000-0001-6082-3189 mrpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6082-3189","contributorId":167729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Margaret","email":"mrpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sonsthagen, Sarah A. 0000-0001-6215-5874 ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6215-5874","contributorId":3711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonsthagen","given":"Sarah","email":"ssonsthagen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sexson, Matthew G. 0000-0002-1078-0835 msexson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1078-0835","contributorId":5544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sexson","given":"Matthew","email":"msexson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70157535,"text":"70157535 - 2015 - An evaluation of a bed instability index as an indicator of habitat quality in mountain streams of the northwestern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-28T10:09:49","indexId":"70157535","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-31T21:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An evaluation of a bed instability index as an indicator of habitat quality in mountain streams of the northwestern United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>Managers of aquatic resources benefit from indices of habitat quality that are reproducible and easy to measure, demonstrate a link between habitat quality and biota health, and differ between human-impacted (i.e., managed) and reference (i.e., nonimpacted or minimally impacted) conditions. The instability index (ISI) is an easily measured index that describes the instability of a streambed by relating the tractive force of a stream at bankfull discharge to the median substrate size. Previous studies have linked ISI to biological condition but have been limited to comparisons of sites within a single stream or among a small number of streams. We tested ISI as an indicator of human impact to habitat and biota in mountain streams of the northwestern USA. Among 1428 sites in six northwestern states, ISI was correlated with other habitat measures (e.g., residual pool depth, percent fine sediment) and indices of biotic health (e.g., number of intolerant macroinvertebrate taxa, fine sediment biotic index) and differed between managed and reference sites across a range of stream types and ecoregions. While ISI could be useful in mountain streams throughout the world, this index may be of particular interest to aquatic resource managers in the northwestern USA where a large dataset, from which ISI can be calculated, exists.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Berlin, Germany","doi":"10.1007/s10661-015-4714-0","collaboration":"Paul C. Kusnierz; David L. Feldman","usgsCitation":"Kusnierz, P.C., Holbrook, C., and Feldman, D.L., 2015, An evaluation of a bed instability index as an indicator of habitat quality in mountain streams of the northwestern United States: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, no. 187, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-015-4714-0.","productDescription":"19 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066568","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308650,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, Idaho, Utah, Nevada, Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.81640624999999,\n              41.27780646738183\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.81640624999999,\n              48.96579381461063\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.23681640625,\n              48.96579381461063\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.23681640625,\n              41.27780646738183\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.81640624999999,\n              41.27780646738183\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","issue":"187","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560a64b2e4b058f706e536b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kusnierz, Paul C.","contributorId":13881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kusnierz","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holbrook, Christopher M. 0000-0001-8203-6856 cholbrook@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8203-6856","contributorId":139681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holbrook","given":"Christopher","email":"cholbrook@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Feldman, David L.","contributorId":25689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Feldman","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70148018,"text":"ds919 - 2015 - Groundwater quality data in 15 GAMA study units: results from the 2006–10 Initial sampling and the 2009–13 resampling of wells, California GAMA Priority Basin Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-03T08:44:52","indexId":"ds919","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-31T19:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"919","title":"Groundwater quality data in 15 GAMA study units: results from the 2006–10 Initial sampling and the 2009–13 resampling of wells, California GAMA Priority Basin Project","docAbstract":"<p class=\"p1\">The Priority Basin Project (PBP) of the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) program was developed in response to the Groundwater Quality Monitoring Act of 2001 and is being conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB). From May 2004 to March 2012, the GAMA-PBP collected samples from more than 2,300 wells in 35 study units across the State. Selected wells in each study unit were sampled again approximately 3 years after initial sampling as part of an assessment of temporal trends in water quality by the GAMA-PBP. This triennial (every 3 years) trend sampling of GAMA-PBP study units concluded in December 2013. Fifteen of the study units, initially sampled between January 2006 and June 2010 and sampled a second time between April 2009 and April 2013 to assess temporal trends, are the subject of this report.</p>\n<p class=\"p1\">The initial sampling was designed to provide a spatially unbiased assessment of the quality of untreated groundwater used for public water supplies in the 15 study units. In these study units, 730 wells were selected by using a spatially distributed, randomized grid-based method to provide statistical representation of the areas assessed (grid wells, also called &ldquo;status wells&rdquo;). Approximately 3 years after the initial sampling, 93 of the previously sampled status wells (approximately 10 percent in each study unit) were randomly selected for trend sampling (&ldquo;trend wells&rdquo;). The 15 study units sampled for trends were distributed among 4 hydrogeologic provinces: Central Valley, Basin and Range, Desert, and Transverse and selected Peninsular Ranges.&nbsp;</p>\n<p class=\"p1\">The total number of status wells sampled, along with those sampled again for trends, varied by study unit. In the Central Valley hydrogeologic province, the numbers of status wells and trend wells in each study unit were as follows:&nbsp;</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kern County subbasin study unit&mdash;47 status wells, 5 trend wells</li>\n<li>Central Eastside San Joaquin Basin study unit&mdash;58 status wells, 6 trend wells&nbsp;</li>\n<li>Middle Sacramento Valley study unit&mdash;71 status wells, 8 trend wells</li>\n<li>Northern Sacramento Valley study unit&mdash;43 status wells, 4 trend wells&nbsp;</li>\n<li>Madera&ndash;Chowchilla study unit&mdash;30 status wells, 4 trend wells</li>\n<li>Western San Joaquin Valley study unit&mdash;39 status wells, 4 trend wells.</li>\n<li>The Basin and Range hydrogeologic province had only one study unit:&nbsp;</li>\n<li>Owens and Indian Wells Valleys study unit&mdash;53 status wells, 6 trend wells.&nbsp;</li>\n<li>In the Desert hydrogeologic province, the numbers of wells were as follows:&nbsp;</li>\n<li>Coachella Valley study unit&mdash;19 status wells 4 trend wells</li>\n<li>Colorado River study unit&mdash;20 status wells, 3 trend wells</li>\n<li>Antelope Valley study unit&mdash;56 status wells, 6 trend wells</li>\n<li>Mojave study unit&mdash;52 status wells, 7 trend wells</li>\n<li>Borrego Valley, Central Desert and Low-Use Basins of the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts study unit&mdash;49 status wells, 6 trend wells.&nbsp;</li>\n</ul>\n<p class=\"p1\">In the Transverse and Selected Peninsular Ranges hydrogeologic province, the numbers of wells were as follows:&nbsp;</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Coastal Los Angeles Basin study unit&mdash;61 status wells, 8 trend wells&nbsp;</li>\n<li>Upper Santa Ana Watershed study unit&mdash;90 status wells, 16 trend wells&nbsp;</li>\n<li>Santa Clara River Valley study unit&mdash;42 status wells, 6 trend wells.</li>\n</ul>\n<p class=\"p4\">&nbsp;</p>\n<p class=\"p1\">The groundwater samples were analyzed for a number of synthetic organic constituents (volatile organic compounds, pesticides, and pesticide degradates), constituents of special interest (perchlorate, <i>N</i>-nitrosodimethylamine [NDMA], and 1,2,3-trichloropropane [1,2,3-TCP]), and naturally occurring inorganic constituents (nutrients, major and minor ions, and trace elements). Naturally occurring isotopes (tritium, carbon-14, and stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen in water) also were measured to help identify processes affecting groundwater quality and the sources and ages of the sampled groundwater. More than 200 constituents and water-quality indicators were investigated.</p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Quality-control samples (blanks, replicates, or samples for matrix spikes) were collected at 34 percent of the trend wells, and the results for these samples were used to evaluate the quality of the data for the groundwater samples. On the basis of detections in laboratory and field blanks in samples from GAMA-PBP study units, including the study units presented here, some groundwater results were adjusted in this report. Differences between replicate samples were mostly within acceptable ranges, indicating acceptably low variability in analytical results. Median matrix-spike recoveries were within the acceptable range (70 to 130 percent) for 189 of the 224 compounds for which matrix spikes were analyzed (84 percent).</p>\n<p class=\"p1\">This study did not attempt to evaluate the quality of water delivered to consumers. After withdrawal, groundwater used for drinking water typically is treated, disinfected, and blended with other waters to attain acceptable water quality. The benchmarks used in this report apply to treated water that is served to the consumer, not to untreated groundwater. To provide some context for the results, however, concentrations of constituents measured in these groundwater samples were compared with benchmarks established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and California Department of Public Health. Comparisons between data collected for this study and benchmarks for drinking-water quality are for illustrative purposes only and are not indicative of compliance or non-compliance with those benchmarks.</p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Most constituents that were detected in groundwater samples from the trend wells were found at concentrations less than drinking-water benchmarks. Two volatile organic compounds (VOCs)&mdash;tetrachloroethene and trichloroethene&mdash;were detected in samples from one or more wells at concentrations greater than their health-based benchmarks, and three VOCs&mdash;chloroform, tetrachloroethene, and trichloroethene&mdash;were detected in at least 10 percent of the trend-well samples from the initial sampling period and the later trend sampling period. No pesticides were detected at concentrations near or greater than their health-based benchmarks. Three pesticide constituents&mdash;atrazine, deethylatrazine, and simazine&mdash;were detected in more than 10 percent of the trend-well samples in both sampling periods. Perchlorate, a constituent of special interest, was detected at a concentration greater than its health-based benchmark in samples from one trend well in the initial sampling and trend sampling periods, and in an additional trend well sample only in the trend sampling period. Most detections of nutrients, major and minor ions, and trace elements in samples from trend wells were less than health-based benchmarks in both sampling periods. Exceptions included nitrate, fluoride, arsenic, boron, molybdenum, strontium, and uranium; these were all detected at concentrations greater than their health-based benchmarks in at least one well sample in both sampling periods. Lead and vanadium were detected above their health-based benchmarks in one sample each collected in the initial sampling period only. The isotopic ratios of oxygen and hydrogen in water and the activities of tritium and carbon-14 generally changed little between sampling periods.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds919","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Kent, Robert, 2015, Groundwater quality data in 15 GAMA study units: Results from the 2006–10 initial sampling and the 2009–13 resampling of wells, California GAMA Priority Basin Project: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 919, 219 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds919.","productDescription":"Report: x, 220 p.; Appendix tables","numberOfPages":"234","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-050712","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science 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 \"}}]}","contact":"<p class=\"p1\"><a href=\"mailto:dc_ca@usgs.gov\">Director</a>,&nbsp;California Water Science Center<br /> U.S. Geological Survey<br /> 6000 J Street, Placer Hall<br /> Sacramento, CA 95819<br /><a href=\"http://ca.water.usgs.gov\">http://ca.water.usgs.gov</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul>\n<li>Abstract.</li>\n<li>Introduction</li>\n<li>Methods</li>\n<li>Water-Quality Results</li>\n<li>Future Work</li>\n<li>Summary</li>\n<li>References Cited</li>\n<li>Appendix</li>\n</ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"publishedDate":"2015-08-31","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55e6cc33e4b05561fa20a017","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kent, Robert 0000-0003-4174-9467 rhkent@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4174-9467","contributorId":1445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"Robert","email":"rhkent@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":546837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70156721,"text":"70156721 - 2015 - Soil carbon storage following road removal and timber harvesting in redwood forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T14:38:14","indexId":"70156721","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-31T14:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil carbon storage following road removal and timber harvesting in redwood forests","docAbstract":"<p><span>Soil carbon storage plays a key role in the global carbon cycle and is important for sustaining forest productivity. Removal of unpaved forest roads has the potential for increasing carbon storage in soils on forested terrain as treated sites revegetate and soil properties improve on the previously compacted road surfaces. We compared soil organic carbon (SOC) content at several depths on treated roads to SOC in adjacent second-growth forests and old-growth redwood forests in California, determined whether SOC in the upper 50 cm of soil varies with the type of road treatment, and assessed the relative importance of site-scale and landscape-scale variables in predicting SOC accumulation in treated road prisms and second-growth redwood forests. Soils were sampled at 5, 20, and 50 cm depths on roads treated by two methods (decommissioning and full recontouring), and in adjacent second-growth and old-growth forests in north coastal California. Road treatments spanned a period of 32 years, and covered a range of geomorphic and vegetative conditions. SOC decreased with depth at all sites. Treated roads on convex sites exhibited higher SOC than on concave sites, and north aspect sites had higher SOC than south aspect sites. SOC at 5, 20, and 50 cm depths did not differ significantly between decommissioned roads (treated 18&ndash;32 years previous) and fully recontoured roads (treated 2&ndash;12 years previous). Nevertheless, stepwise multiple regression models project higher SOC developing on fully recontoured roads in the next few decades. The best predictors for SOC on treated roads and in second-growth forest incorporated aspect, vegetation type, soil depth, lithology, distance from the ocean, years since road treatment (for the road model) and years since harvest (for the forest model). The road model explained 48% of the variation in SOC in the upper 50 cm of mineral soils and the forest model, 54%</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/esp.3781","usgsCitation":"Seney, J., and Madej, M.A., 2015, Soil carbon storage following road removal and timber harvesting in redwood forests: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 40, no. 15, p. 2084-2092, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.3781.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2084","endPage":"2092","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059660","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471842,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.3781","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":307736,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Redwood National and State Parks","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.10705566406249,\n              41.21585377825921\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.10705566406249,\n              41.176586696571015\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.99719238281249,\n              41.071069130806414\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.93402099609374,\n              41.05864414643029\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.8653564453125,\n              41.089702205437405\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.837890625,\n              41.143501411390766\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.91204833984375,\n              41.19725651800892\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.95599365234375,\n              41.244772343082104\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.9312744140625,\n              41.31907562295136\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.914794921875,\n              41.3850519497068\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.99444580078125,\n              41.44684402008925\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.03289794921876,\n              41.48389104267175\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.09332275390624,\n              41.50652046891492\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.068603515625,\n              41.47154438707647\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.07135009765625,\n              41.38917324986403\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.08782958984375,\n              41.29638081886435\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.09606933593751,\n              41.22824901518532\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.10705566406249,\n              41.21585377825921\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"15","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55e56ca3e4b05561fa208672","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seney, Joseph","contributorId":53265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seney","given":"Joseph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madej, Mary Ann 0000-0003-2831-3773 mary_ann_madej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2831-3773","contributorId":40304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madej","given":"Mary","email":"mary_ann_madej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70156722,"text":"70156722 - 2015 - Tree mortality from drought, insects, and their interactions in a changing climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-23T09:30:31","indexId":"70156722","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-31T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2863,"text":"New Phytologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tree mortality from drought, insects, and their interactions in a changing climate","docAbstract":"<p><span>Climate change is expected to drive increased tree mortality through drought, heat stress, and insect attacks, with manifold impacts on forest ecosystems. Yet, climate-induced tree mortality and biotic disturbance agents are largely absent from process-based ecosystem models. Using data sets from the western USA and associated studies, we present a framework for determining the relative contribution of drought stress, insect attack, and their interactions, which is critical for modeling mortality in future climates. We outline a simple approach that identifies the mechanisms associated with two guilds of insects &ndash; bark beetles and defoliators &ndash; which are responsible for substantial tree mortality. We then discuss cross-biome patterns of insect-driven tree mortality and draw upon available evidence contrasting the prevalence of insect outbreaks in temperate and tropical regions. We conclude with an overview of tools and promising avenues to address major challenges. Ultimately, a multitrophic approach that captures tree physiology, insect populations, and tree&ndash;insect interactions will better inform projections of forest ecosystem responses to climate change.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/nph.13477","usgsCitation":"Anderegg, W.R., Hicke, J.A., Fisher, R.A., Allen, C.D., Aukema, J.E., Bentz, B., Hood, S., Lichstein, J.W., Macalady, A.K., McDowell, N.G., Pan, Y., Raffa, K., Sala, A., Shaw, J.D., Stephenson, N.L., Tague, C.L., and Zeppel, M., 2015, Tree mortality from drought, insects, and their interactions in a changing climate: New Phytologist, v. 208, no. 3, p. 674-683, https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13477.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"674","endPage":"683","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057138","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471843,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13477","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":307729,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"208","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55e56ca3e4b05561fa208675","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/nph.13477","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nph.13477","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Anderegg William R. L., Hicke Jeffrey A., Fisher Rosie A., Allen Craig D., Aukema Juliann, Bentz Barbara, Hood Sharon, Lichstein Jeremy W., Macalady Alison K., McDowell Nate, Pan Yude, Raffa Kenneth, Sala Anna, Shaw John D., Stephenson Nathan L., Tague Christina, Zeppel Melanie","journalName":"New Phytologist","publicationDate":"6/9/2015","auditedOn":"10/27/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderegg, William R.L.","contributorId":147089,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderegg","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.L.","affiliations":[{"id":16784,"text":"Princeton U.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hicke, Jeffrey A.","contributorId":36475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hicke","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fisher, Rosie A.","contributorId":147090,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fisher","given":"Rosie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":16785,"text":"National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Aukema, Juliann E.","contributorId":145837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aukema","given":"Juliann","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16252,"text":"National Center for Ecological Analysis & Synthesis (NCEAS), University of California Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bentz, Barbara","contributorId":146954,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bentz","given":"Barbara","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hood, Sharon","contributorId":147091,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hood","given":"Sharon","affiliations":[{"id":16786,"text":"U of Montana, Missoula, MT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lichstein, Jeremy W.","contributorId":147092,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lichstein","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":16787,"text":"U of Florida, Gainesville, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570252,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Macalady, Alison K.","contributorId":69855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macalady","given":"Alison","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"McDowell, Nate G.","contributorId":46839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDowell","given":"Nate","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Pan, Yude","contributorId":68872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pan","given":"Yude","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Raffa, Kenneth","contributorId":147093,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Raffa","given":"Kenneth","affiliations":[{"id":13562,"text":"University of Wisconsin, Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Sala, Anna","contributorId":147094,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sala","given":"Anna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5103,"text":"The University of Montana, Division of Biological Sciences, Missoula, Montana 59812","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Shaw, John D.","contributorId":147095,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shaw","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6679,"text":"US Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Stephenson, Nathan L. 0000-0003-0208-7229 nstephenson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0208-7229","contributorId":2836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"Nathan","email":"nstephenson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Tague, Christina L.","contributorId":54493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tague","given":"Christina","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Zeppel, Melanie","contributorId":147096,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zeppel","given":"Melanie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16788,"text":"Macquarie University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}}
,{"id":70156557,"text":"ds952 - 2015 - Baseline Coastal Oblique Aerial Photographs Collected from Navarre Beach, Florida, to Breton Island, Louisiana,  <br>September 1, 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-01T16:01:20","indexId":"ds952","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-31T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"952","title":"Baseline Coastal Oblique Aerial Photographs Collected from Navarre Beach, Florida, to Breton Island, Louisiana,  <br>September 1, 2014","docAbstract":"<h1>Summary</h1>\n<p>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), as part of the <a title=\"National Assessment for Coastal Change Hazards\" href=\"http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/hurricanes/\" target=\"_blank\">National Assessment for Coastal Change Hazards</a> Project, conducts baseline and storm response photography missions to document and understand the changes in vulnerability of the Nation's coasts to extreme storms (Morgan, 2009). On September 1, 2014, the USGS conducted an oblique aerial photographic survey from Navarre Beach, Florida, to Breton Island, Louisiana (Figure 1), aboard a Maule MT57 aircraft at an altitude of 500 feet (ft) and approximately 1,200 ft offshore (Figure 2). This mission was flown to collect baseline data for assessing incremental changes since the last survey, flown <a title=\"Baseline Coastal Oblique Aerial Photographs Collected from Breton Island, Louisiana, to the Alabama-Florida Border, July 13, 2013\" href=\"http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0857/\">July 2013,</a> and the data can be used in the assessment of future coastal change.</p>\n<p>The photographs provided here are Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) images. ExifTool was used to add the following to the header of each photo: time of collection, Global Positioning System (GPS) latitude, GPS longitude, keywords, credit, artist (photographer), caption, copyright, and contact information. The photograph locations are an estimate of the position of the aircraft and do not indicate the location of any feature in the images (see the Navigation Data page). These photographs document the configuration of the barrier islands and other coastal features at the time of the survey. Pages containing thumbnail images of the photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created in 5-minute segments of flight time. These segments can be found on the Photos and Maps page. Photographs can be opened directly with any JPEG-compatible image viewer by clicking on a thumbnail on the contact sheet.</p>\n<p>Table 1 provides detailed information about the GPS location, image name, and date of each of the 1,111 photographs taken along with links to each photograph.</p>\n<p>In addition to the photographs, a Google Earth Keyhole Markup Language (KML) file is provided and can be used to view the images by clicking on the marker and then clicking on either the thumbnail or the link above the thumbnail. The KML files were created using the photographic navigation files.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds952","usgsCitation":"Morgan, K.L.M., 2015, Baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Navarre Beach, Florida, to Breton Island, Louisiana, September 1, 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 952, https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds952.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2014-09-01","ipdsId":"IP-065592","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307593,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0952/index.html","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"Data Series 952"},{"id":307592,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0952/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Lousianna, Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Navarre Beach, Breton Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -86.94305419921875,\n              30.484183951487754\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.91558837890625,\n              30.28041626667403\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.31109619140625,\n              30.090484220005344\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.40972900390625,\n              29.776297851831366\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.86016845703125,\n              29.547177213315784\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.09088134765625,\n              29.563901551414443\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.07989501953125,\n              29.702368038541767\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.0936279296875,\n              30.109493896732292\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.132080078125,\n              30.351546261929034\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.04144287109375,\n              30.43683404544223\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.83544921874999,\n              30.510216587229984\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.58575439453125,\n              30.500750980290693\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.03094482421875,\n              30.50311746839939\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.94305419921875,\n              30.484183951487754\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p>St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center<br /> 600 4th Street South<br /> St. Petersburg, FL 33701<br /> (727) 502-8000<br /> <a href=\"http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/\">http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul>\n<li>Getting Started</li>\n<li>List of Figures</li>\n<li>References Cited</li>\n<li>Acknowledgments</li>\n<li>Information Statement</li>\n<li>System Requirements</li>\n</ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"publishedDate":"2015-08-31","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560ba82be4b058f706e53a49","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morgan, Karen L. M. kmorgan@usgs.gov","contributorId":146948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"Karen L. M.","email":"kmorgan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":569497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70103210,"text":"70103210 - 2015 - Volcano monitoring from space","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-30T15:53:51.652652","indexId":"70103210","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-31T10:53:07","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Volcano monitoring from space","docAbstract":"Unlike many natural hazards, volcanoes usually give warnings of impending eruptions that can be detected from hours to years prior to any hazardous activity [Sparks et al., 2012].  The Eyjafjallajökull eruption, for example, was preceded by several discrete episodes of subsurface magma accumulation that highlighted the potential for future eruption.  Once it begins, an eruption can last for up to decades, during which time the changing conditions of associated hazards—like ash plumes and lava flows—must be continuously assessed.  Unfortunately, the resources and infrastructure needed to conduct ground-based monitoring of a volcano—especially those located in remote areas of Earth that might still have the potential to impact air traffic, like in the north Pacific—are extreme, and less than 10% of the world’s volcanoes are monitored in any systematic way.  Space-based methods offer a means of bridging this monitoring gap.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global Volcanic Hazards and Risk","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"doi":"10.1017/CBO9781316276273.019","usgsCitation":"Poland, M., 2015, Volcano monitoring from space, chap. <i>of</i> Global Volcanic Hazards and Risk, p. 311-316, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316276273.019.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"311","endPage":"316","ipdsId":"IP-056098","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":376904,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70159976,"text":"70159976 - 2015 - Modeling the complex impacts of timber harvests to find optimal management regimes for Amazon tidal floodplain forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-05T12:27:06","indexId":"70159976","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-31T02:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling the complex impacts of timber harvests to find optimal management regimes for Amazon tidal floodplain forests","docAbstract":"<p><span>At the Amazon estuary, the oldest logging frontier in the Amazon, no studies have comprehensively explored the potential long-term population and yield consequences of multiple timber harvests over time. Matrix population modeling is one way to simulate long-term impacts of tree harvests, but this approach has often ignored common impacts of tree harvests including incidental damage, changes in post-harvest demography, shifts in the distribution of merchantable trees, and shifts in stand composition. We designed a matrix-based forest management model that incorporates these harvest-related impacts so resulting simulations reflect forest stand dynamics under repeated timber harvests as well as the realities of local smallholder timber management systems. Using a wide range of values for management criteria (e.g., length of cutting cycle, minimum cut diameter), we projected the long-term population dynamics and yields of hundreds of timber management regimes in the Amazon estuary, where small-scale, unmechanized logging is an important economic activity. These results were then compared to find optimal stand-level and species-specific sustainable timber management (STM) regimes using a set of timber yield and population growth indicators. Prospects for STM in Amazonian tidal floodplain forests are better than for many other tropical forests. However, generally high stock recovery rates between harvests are due to the comparatively high projected mean annualized yields from fast-growing species that effectively counterbalance the projected yield declines from other species. For Amazonian tidal floodplain forests, national management guidelines provide neither the highest yields nor the highest sustained population growth for species under management. Our research shows that management guidelines specific to a region&rsquo;s ecological settings can be further refined to consider differences in species demographic responses to repeated harvests. In principle, such fine-tuned management guidelines could make management more attractive, thus bridging the currently prevalent gap between tropical timber management practice and regulation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0136740","usgsCitation":"Fortini, L.B., Cropper, W.P., and Zarin, D.J., 2015, Modeling the complex impacts of timber harvests to find optimal management regimes for Amazon tidal floodplain forests: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 8, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136740.","productDescription":"e0136740; 17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066968","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471846,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136740","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":312008,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Brazil","otherGeospatial":"Amazon River, Mazagão watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -51.6,\n              -0.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -51.6,\n              -0.4  \n            ],\n            [\n              -51.5,\n             -0.4  \n            ],\n            [\n              -51.5,\n              -0.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -51.6,\n              -0.5\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5666bbe6e4b06a3ea36c8b3a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fortini, Lucas B. 0000-0002-5781-7295 lfortini@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5781-7295","contributorId":4645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fortini","given":"Lucas","email":"lfortini@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":581403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cropper, Wendell P.","contributorId":150362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cropper","given":"Wendell","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12557,"text":"University of Florida, FLREC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zarin, Daniel J.","contributorId":150363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zarin","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":18011,"text":"Climate and Land Use Alliance","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70157344,"text":"70157344 - 2015 - Late Pleistocene ages for the most recent volcanism and glacial-pluvial deposits at Big Pine volcanic field, California, USA, from cosmogenic <sup>36</sup>Cl dating","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-23T11:39:58","indexId":"70157344","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-30T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1757,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Pleistocene ages for the most recent volcanism and glacial-pluvial deposits at Big Pine volcanic field, California, USA, from cosmogenic <sup>36</sup>Cl dating","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Big Pine volcanic field is one of several Quaternary volcanic fields that poses a potential volcanic hazard along the tectonically active Owens Valley of east-central California, and whose lavas are interbedded with deposits from Pleistocene glaciations in the Sierra Nevada Range. Previous geochronology indicates an &sim;1.2 Ma history of volcanism, but the eruption ages and distribution of volcanic products associated with the most-recent eruptions have been poorly resolved. To delimit the timing and products of the youngest volcanism, we combine field mapping and cosmogenic&nbsp;</span><span>36</span><span>Cl dating of basaltic lava flows in the area where lavas with youthful morphology and well-preserved flow structures are concentrated. Field mapping and petrology reveal approximately 15 vents and 6 principal flow units with variable geochemical composition and mineralogy. Cosmogenic&nbsp;</span><span>36</span><span>Cl exposure ages for lava flow units from the top, middle, and bottom of the volcanic stratigraphy indicate eruptions at &sim;17, 27, and 40 ka, revealing several different and previously unrecognized episodes of late Pleistocene volcanism. Olivine to plagioclase-pyroxene phyric basalt erupted from several vents during the most recent episode of volcanism at &sim;17 ka, and produced a lava flow field covering &sim;35 km</span><span>2</span><span>. The late Pleistocene&nbsp;</span><span>36</span><span>Cl exposure ages indicate that moraine and pluvial shoreline deposits that overlie or modify the youngest Big Pine lavas reflect Tioga stage glaciation in the Sierra Nevada and the shore of paleo-Owens Lake during the last glacial cycle.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/2015GC005889","usgsCitation":"Vazquez, J.A., and Woolford, J.M., 2015, Late Pleistocene ages for the most recent volcanism and glacial-pluvial deposits at Big Pine volcanic field, California, USA, from cosmogenic <sup>36</sup>Cl dating: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 16, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GC005889.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063301","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471847,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015gc005889","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308442,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5603cd4ae4b03bc34f544b1c","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/2015gc005889","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015gc005889","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Vazquez J. A., Woolford J. M.","journalName":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","publicationDate":"8/30/2015","auditedOn":"10/14/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vazquez, Jorge A. 0000-0003-2754-0456 jvazquez@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2754-0456","contributorId":4458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vazquez","given":"Jorge","email":"jvazquez@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woolford, Jeff M","contributorId":147805,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woolford","given":"Jeff","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":16939,"text":"California State University - Northridge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70157351,"text":"70157351 - 2015 - Controls on the breach geometry and flood hydrograph during overtopping of non-cohesive earthen dams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-21T15:13:26","indexId":"70157351","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Controls on the breach geometry and flood hydrograph during overtopping of non-cohesive earthen dams","docAbstract":"<p>Overtopping failure of non-cohesive earthen dams was investigated in 13 large-scale experiments with dams built of compacted, damp, fine-grained sand. Breaching was initiated by cutting a notch across the dam crest and allowing water escaping from a finite upstream reservoir to form its own channel. The channel developed a stepped profile, and upstream migration of the steps, which coalesced into a headcut, led to the establishment of hydraulic control (critical flow) at the channel head, or breach crest, an arcuate erosional feature that functions hydraulically as a weir. Novel photogrammetric methods, along with underwater videography, revealed that the retreating headcut maintained a slope near the angle of friction of the sand, while the cross section at the breach crest maintained a geometrically similar shape through time. That cross-sectional shape was nearly unaffected by slope failures, contrary to the assumption in many models of dam breaching. Flood hydrographs were quite reproducible--for sets of dams ranging in height from 0.55 m to 0.98 m--when the time datum was chosen as the time that the migrating headcut intersected the breach crest. Peak discharge increased almost linearly as a function of initial dam height. Early-time variability between flood hydrographs for nominally identical dams is probably a reflection of subtle experiment-to-experiment differences in groundwater hydrology and the interaction between surface water and groundwater.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014WR016620","usgsCitation":"Walder, J.S., Iverson, R.M., Godt, J.W., Logan, M., and Solovitz, S.A., 2015, Controls on the breach geometry and flood hydrograph during overtopping of non-cohesive earthen dams: Water Resources Research, v. 51, no. 8, p. 6701-6724, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014WR016620.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"6701","endPage":"6724","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060938","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308321,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56012a3ce4b03bc34f5443f3","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/2014wr016620","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014wr016620","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Walder Joseph S., Iverson Richard M., Godt Jonathan W., Logan Matthew, Solovitz Stephen A.","journalName":"Water Resources Research","publicationDate":"8/2015","auditedOn":"10/1/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walder, Joseph S. jswalder@usgs.gov","contributorId":2046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walder","given":"Joseph","email":"jswalder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Iverson, Richard M. 0000-0002-7369-3819 riverson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7369-3819","contributorId":536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"Richard","email":"riverson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Godt, Jonathan W. 0000-0002-8737-2493 jgodt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8737-2493","contributorId":1166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godt","given":"Jonathan","email":"jgodt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Logan, Matthew 0000-0002-3558-2405 mlogan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-2405","contributorId":638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Logan","given":"Matthew","email":"mlogan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Solovitz, Stephen A.","contributorId":21434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solovitz","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70148363,"text":"70148363 - 2015 - Predicting watershed post-fire sediment yield with the InVEST sediment retention model: Accuracy and uncertainties","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-07T18:09:46.569795","indexId":"70148363","displayToPublicDate":"2015-08-29T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Predicting watershed post-fire sediment yield with the InVEST sediment retention model: Accuracy and uncertainties","docAbstract":"<p>Increased sedimentation following wildland fire can negatively impact water supply and water quality. Understanding how changing fire frequency, extent, and location will affect watersheds and the ecosystem services they supply to communities is of great societal importance in the western USA and throughout the world. In this work we assess the utility of the InVEST (Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs) Sediment Retention Model to accurately characterize erosion and sedimentation of burned watersheds. InVEST was developed by the Natural Capital Project at Stanford University (Tallis et al., 2014) and is a suite of GIS-based implementations of common process models, engineered for high-end computing to allow the faster simulation of larger landscapes and incorporation into decision-making. The InVEST Sediment Retention Model is based on common soil erosion models (e.g., USLE – Universal Soil Loss Equation) and determines which areas of the landscape contribute the greatest sediment loads to a hydrological network and conversely evaluate the ecosystem service of sediment retention on a watershed basis. In this study, we evaluate the accuracy and uncertainties for InVEST predictions of increased sedimentation after fire, using measured postfire sediment yields available for many watersheds throughout the western USA from an existing, published large database. We show that the model can be parameterized in a relatively simple fashion to predict post-fire sediment yield with accuracy. Our ultimate goal is to use the model to accurately predict variability in post-fire sediment yield at a watershed scale as a function of future wildfire conditions.</p>","conferenceTitle":"3rd Joint Federal Interagency Conference","conferenceDate":"April 19-23, 2015","conferenceLocation":"Reno, NV","language":"English","publisher":"Joint Federal Interagency Conference","usgsCitation":"Sankey, J.B., McVay, J., Kreitler, J.R., Hawbaker, T., Vaillant, N., and Lowe, S., 2015, Predicting watershed post-fire sediment yield with the InVEST sediment retention model: Accuracy and uncertainties, 3rd Joint Federal Interagency Conference, Reno, NV, April 19-23, 2015, p. 987-998.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"987","endPage":"998","ipdsId":"IP-061071","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342116,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":395555,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://acwi.gov/sos/pubs/3rdJFIC/Proceedings.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59366daae4b0f6c2d0d7d630","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sankey, Joel B. 0000-0003-3150-4992 jsankey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3150-4992","contributorId":3935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sankey","given":"Joel","email":"jsankey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McVay, Jason","contributorId":274867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McVay","given":"Jason","affiliations":[{"id":12698,"text":"Northern Arizona University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kreitler, Jason R. 0000-0002-0243-5281 jkreitler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0243-5281","contributorId":4050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kreitler","given":"Jason","email":"jkreitler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hawbaker, Todd 0000-0003-0930-9154 tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-9154","contributorId":568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawbaker","given":"Todd","email":"tjhawbaker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Vaillant, Nicole","contributorId":140987,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vaillant","given":"Nicole","affiliations":[{"id":13638,"text":"Western Wildland environmental threat assessment Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lowe, Scott bslowe@usgs.gov","contributorId":3299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowe","given":"Scott","email":"bslowe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":547858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
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