During the 2004–2005 to 2015–2016 hunting seasons, the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish (NMDGF) estimated black bear abundance (Ursus americanus) across the state by coupling density estimates with the distribution of primary habitat generated by Costello et al. (2001). These estimates have been used to set harvest limits. For example, a density of 17 bears/100 km2 for the Sangre de Cristo and Sacramento Mountains and 13.2 bears/100 km2 for the Sandia Mountains were used to set harvest levels. The advancement and widespread acceptance of non-invasive sampling and mark-recapture methods, prompted the NMDGF to collaborate with the New Mexico Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit and New Mexico State University to update their density estimates for black bear populations in select mountain ranges across the state.
We established 5 study areas in 3 mountain ranges: the northern (NSC; sampled in 2012) and southern Sangre de Cristo Mountains (SSC; sampled in 2013), the Sandia Mountains (Sandias; sampled in 2014), and the northern (NSacs) and southern Sacramento Mountains (SSacs; both sampled in 2014). We collected hair samples from black bears using two concurrent non-invasive sampling methods, hair traps and bear rubs. We used a gender marker and a suite of microsatellite loci to determine the individual identification of hair samples that were suitable for genetic analysis. We used these data to generate mark-recapture encounter histories for each bear and estimated density in a spatially explicit capture-recapture framework (SECR). We constructed a suite of SECR candidate models using sex, elevation, land cover type, and time to model heterogeneity in detection probability and the spatial scale over which detection probability declines. We used Akaike’s Information Criterion corrected for small sample size (AICc) to rank and select the most supported model from which we estimated density.
We set 554 hair traps, 117 bear rubs and collected 4,083 hair samples. We identified 725 (367 M, 358 F) individuals; the sex ratio for each study area was approximately equal. Our density estimates varied within and among mountain ranges with an estimated density of 21.86 bears/100 km2 (95% CI: 17.83 – 26.80) for the NSC, 19.74 bears/100 km2 (95% CI: 13.77 – 28.30) in the SSC, 25.75 bears/100 km2 (95% CI: 13.22 – 50.14) in the Sandias, 21.86 bears/100 km2 (95% CI: 17.83 – 26.80) in the NSacs, and 16.55 bears/100 km2 (95% CI: 11.64 – 23.53) in the SSacs. Overall detection probability for hair traps and bear rubs, combined, was low across all study areas and ranged from 0.00001 to 0.02. We speculate that detection probabilities were affected by failure of some hair samples to produce a complete genotype due to UV degradation of DNA, and our inability to set and check some sampling devices due to wildfires in the SSC. Ultraviolet radiation levels are particularly high in New Mexico compared to other states where NGS methods have been used because New Mexico receives substantial amounts of sunshine, is relatively high in elevation (1,200 m – 4,000 m), and is at a lower latitude. Despite these sampling difficulties, we were able to produce density estimates for New Mexico black bear populations with levels of precision comparable to estimated black bear densities made elsewhere in the U.S.
Our ability to generate reliable black bear density estimates for 3 New Mexico mountain ranges is attributable to our use of a statistically robust study design and analytical method. There are multiple factors that need to be considered when developing future SECR-based density estimation projects. First, the spatial extent of the population of interest and the smallest average home range size must be determined; these will dictate size of the trapping array and spacing necessary between hair traps. The number of technicians needed and access to the study areas will also influence configuration of the trapping array. We believe shorter sampling occasions could be implemented to reduce degradation of DNA due to UV radiation; this might help increase amplification rates and thereby increase both the number of unique individuals identified and the number of recaptures, improving the precision of the density estimates. A pilot study may be useful to determine the length of time hair samples can remain in the field prior to collection. In addition, researchers may consider setting hair traps and bear rubs in more shaded areas (e.g., north facing slopes) to help reduce exposure to UV radiation. To reduce the sampling interval it will be necessary to either hire more field personnel or decrease the number of hair traps per sampling session. Both of these will enhance detection of long-range movement events by individual bears, increase initial capture and recapture rates, and improve precision of the parameter estimates. We recognize that all studies are constrained by limited resources, however, increasing field personnel would also allow a larger study area to be sampled or enable higher trap density.
In conclusion, we estimated the density of black bears in 5 study areas within 3 mountains ranges of New Mexico. Our estimates will aid the NMDGF in setting sustainable harvest limits. Along with estimates of density, information on additional demographic rates (e.g., survival rates and reproduction) and the potential effects that climate change and future land use may have on the demography of black bears may also help inform management of black bears in New Mexico, and may be considered as future areas for research.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Gould, M.J., Cain, J.W., Roemer, G.W., and Gould, W., 2016, Estimating black bear density in New Mexico using noninvasive genetic sampling coupled with spatially explicit capture-recapture methods: Cooperator Science Series FWS/CSS-120-2016, ii, 41 p.","productDescription":"ii, 41 p.","numberOfPages":"43","ipdsId":"IP-074771","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350702,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350701,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/cdm/ref/collection/document/id/2132"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6c4c96e4b06e28e9cabb0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gould, Matthew J.","contributorId":201504,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gould","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cain, James W. III 0000-0003-4743-516X jwcain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4743-516X","contributorId":4063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"jwcain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roemer, Gary W.","contributorId":95355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roemer","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gould, William R.","contributorId":63780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gould","given":"William R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70191988,"text":"70191988 - 2016 - Ecology and conservation of Lesser Prairie-Chickens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-25T13:38:17","indexId":"70191988","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Ecology and conservation of Lesser Prairie-Chickens","docAbstract":"Lesser Prairie-Chickens have experienced substantial declines in terms of population and the extent of area that they occupy. While they are an elusive species, making it difficult at times to monitor them, current evidence indicates that they have been persistently decreasing in number since the Dust Bowl of the 1930s dramatically affected their core range. In May of 2014, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service listed Lesser Prairie-Chickens as a threatened species, granting them federal protection under the Endangered Species Act, which included a special rule recognizing significant conservation planning efforts made by state and federal wildlife agencies within the geographical range of the species. Although the listing was vacated by judicial ruling in September 2015, concern for persistence of the species persists. These actions illustrate the uncertain legal status and future conservation challenges for Lesser Prairie-Chickens.
","language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","isbn":"9781482240221","usgsCitation":"2016, Ecology and conservation of Lesser Prairie-Chickens, 376 p.","productDescription":"376 p.","ipdsId":"IP-059262","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350620,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350619,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.crcpress.com/Ecology-and-Conservation-of-Lesser-Prairie-Chickens/Haukos-Boal/p/book/9781482240221"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6afac7e4b06e28e9c9a910","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":725823,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boal, Clint W. 0000-0001-6008-8911 cboal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6008-8911","contributorId":1909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boal","given":"Clint","email":"cboal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":725824,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70191935,"text":"70191935 - 2016 - San Pedro River Aquifer Binational Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-20T21:24:11.302348","indexId":"70191935","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"San Pedro River Aquifer Binational Report","docAbstract":"The United States and Mexico share waters in a number of hydrological basins and aquifers that cross the international boundary. Both countries recognize that, in a region of scarce water resources and expanding populations, a greater scientific understanding of these aquifer systems would be beneficial. In light of this, the Mexican and U.S. Principal Engineers of the International Boundary and Water Commission (IBWC) signed the “Joint Report of the Principal Engineers Regarding the Joint Cooperative Process United States-Mexico for the Transboundary Aquifer Assessment Program\" on August 19, 2009 (IBWC-CILA, 2009). This IBWC “Joint Report” serves as the framework for U.S.-Mexico coordination and dialogue to implement transboundary aquifer studies. The document clarifies several details about the program such as background, roles, responsibilities, funding, relevance of the international water treaties, and the use of information collected or compiled as part of the program. In the document, it was agreed by the parties involved, which included the IBWC, the Mexican National Water Commission (CONAGUA), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), and the Universities of Arizona and Sonora, to study two priority binational aquifers, one in the San Pedro River basin and the other in the Santa Cruz River basin.
This report focuses on the Binational San Pedro Basin (BSPB). Reasons for the focus on and interest in this aquifer include the fact that it is shared by the two countries, that the San Pedro River has an elevated ecological value because of the riparian ecosystem that it sustains, and that water resources are needed to sustain the river, existing communities, and continued development. This study describes the aquifer’s characteristics in its binational context; however, most of the scientific work has been undertaken for many years by each country without full knowledge of the conditions on the other side of the border. The general objective of this study is to use new and existing research to define the general hydrologic framework of the Binational San Pedro Aquifer (BSPA), to gather hydrogeological and other relevant data in preparation for future work such as an updated groundwater conceptual model and budget and to establish the basis for a binational numerical model.
The specific objectives are as follows:
The BSPB is one of the most studied basins in the region, and a database of publications has been compiled as part of this project. Previous studies include topics that range from geophysics and hydrogeology to biology and ecosystem services. The economic drivers on each side of the border are quite different. In the Arizona 4 portion of the basin military and tourism dominate while in the Sonoran portion, mining is the most important industry. Water management is also different in the two countries. In Mexico, primary authority for management of water resources devolves from the federal government. In the United States, primary authority rests with the states except in cases of interstate surface waters. Binational waters are not currently jointly managed by the two countries except in cases where treaties have been negotiated such as for the Rio Grande and Colorado Rivers. Thus, there is currently no binational coordination or treaty governing the management of groundwater.
Polyoxyethylene tallow amine (POEA) is an inert ingredient added to formulations of glyphosate, the most widely applied agricultural herbicide. POEA has been shown to have toxic effects to some aquatic organisms making the potential transport of POEA from the application site into the environment an important concern. This study characterized the adsorption of POEA to soils and assessed its occurrence and homologue distribution in agricultural soils from six states. Adsorption experiments of POEA to selected soils showed that POEA adsorbed much stronger than glyphosate; calcium chloride increased the binding of POEA; and the binding of POEA was stronger in low pH conditions. POEA was detected on a soil sample from an agricultural field near Lawrence, Kansas, but with a loss of homologues that contain alkenes. POEA was also detected on soil samples collected between February and early March from corn and soybean fields from ten different sites in five other states (Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Missouri, Mississippi). This is the first study to characterize the adsorption of POEA to soil, the potential widespread occurrence of POEA on agricultural soils, and the persistence of the POEA homologues on agricultural soils into the following growing season.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6b00965","usgsCitation":"Tush, D.L., and Meyer, M.T., 2016, Polyoxyethylene tallow amine, a glyphosate formulation adjuvant: Soil adsorption characteristics, degradation profile, and occurrence on selected soils from agricultural fields in Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Mississippi, and Missouri: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 50, no. 11, p. 5781-5789, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b00965.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"5781","endPage":"5789","ipdsId":"IP-065815","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346722,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Mississippi, Missouri","volume":"50","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-05-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e71693e4b05fe04cd331c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tush, Daniel L. 0000-0003-0031-3501 dtush@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0031-3501","contributorId":4538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tush","given":"Daniel","email":"dtush@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meyer, Michael T. 0000-0001-6006-7985 mmeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-7985","contributorId":866,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"Michael","email":"mmeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70192558,"text":"70192558 - 2016 - Discontinuities concentrate mobile predators: Quantifying organism-environment interactions at a seascape scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T15:19:19","indexId":"70192558","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discontinuities concentrate mobile predators: Quantifying organism-environment interactions at a seascape scale","docAbstract":"Understanding environmental drivers of spatial patterns is an enduring ecological problem that is critical for effective biological conservation. Discontinuities (ecologically meaningful habitat breaks), both naturally occurring (e.g., river confluence, forest edge, drop-off) and anthropogenic (e.g., dams, roads), can influence the distribution of highly mobile organisms that have land- or seascape scale ranges. A geomorphic discontinuity framework, expanded to include ecological patterns, provides a way to incorporate important but irregularly distributed physical features into organism–environment relationships. Here, we test if migratory striped bass (Morone saxatilis) are consistently concentrated by spatial discontinuities and why. We quantified the distribution of 50 acoustically tagged striped bass at 40 sites within Plum Island Estuary, Massachusetts during four-monthly surveys relative to four physical discontinuities (sandbar, confluence, channel network, drop-off), one continuous physical feature (depth variation), and a geographic location variable (region). Despite moving throughout the estuary, striped bass were consistently clustered in the middle geographic region at sites with high sandbar area, close to channel networks, adjacent to complex confluences, with intermediate levels of bottom unevenness, and medium sized drop-offs. In addition, the highest striped bass concentrations occurred at sites with the greatest additive physical heterogeneity (i.e., where multiple discontinuities co-occurred). The need to incorporate irregularly distributed features in organism–environment relationships will increase as high-quality telemetry and GIS data accumulate for mobile organisms. The spatially explicit approach we used to address this challenge can aid both researchers who seek to understand the impact of predators on ecosystems and resource managers who require new approaches for biological conservation.
","language":"English","publisher":"ESA","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1226","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, C., Mather, M.E., Smith, J.M., Finn, J.T., and Deegan, L.A., 2016, Discontinuities concentrate mobile predators: Quantifying organism-environment interactions at a seascape scale: Ecosphere, v. 7, no. 2, Article e01226; 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1226.","productDescription":"Article e01226; 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-059506","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471364,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1226","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347507,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07ea76e4b09af898c8cc8b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kennedy, Christina G.","contributorId":145646,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Christina G.","affiliations":[{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mather, Martha E. 0000-0003-3027-0215 mather@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3027-0215","contributorId":2580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mather","given":"Martha","email":"mather@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, Joseph M.","contributorId":106712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17855,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Finn, John T.","contributorId":43398,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Finn","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":16720,"text":"Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003-9485, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Deegan, Linda A.","contributorId":34094,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deegan","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":27818,"text":"The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory. Woods Hole, MA 02543.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70193223,"text":"70193223 - 2016 - Some contrasting biostratigraphic links between the Baker and Olds Ferry Terranes, eastern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-20T15:01:10","indexId":"70193223","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2735,"text":"Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Some contrasting biostratigraphic links between the Baker and Olds Ferry Terranes, eastern Oregon","docAbstract":"New stratigraphic and paleontologic data indicate that ophiolitic melange windows in the Olds Ferry terrane of eastern Oregon contain limestone blocks and chert that are somewhat different in age than those present in the adjacent Baker terrane melange. The melange windows in the Olds Ferry terrane occur as inliers in the flyschoid Early and Middle Jurassic age Weatherby Formation, which depositionally overlies the contact between the melange-rich Devonian to Upper Triassic rocks of the Baker terrane on the north, and Upper Triassic and Early Jurassic volcanic arc rocks of the Huntington Formation on the south. The Baker terrane and Huntington Formation represent fragments of a subduction complex and related volcanic island arc, whereas the Weatherby Formation consists of forearc basin sedimentary deposits. The tectonic blocks in the melange windows of the Weatherby Formation (in the Olds Ferry terrane) are dated by scarce biostratigraphic evidence as Upper Pennsylvanian to Lower Permian and Upper Triassic. In contrast, tectonic blocks of limestone in theBaker terrane yield mostly fusulinids and small foraminifers of Middle Pennsylvanian Moscovian age at one locality.Middle Permian (Guadalupian) Tethyan fusulinids and smaller foraminifers (neoschwagerinids and other Middle Permian genera) are present at a few other localities. Late Triassic conodonts and bryozoans are also present in a few of the Baker terrane tectonic blocks. These limestone blocks are generally embedded in Permian and Triassic radiolarian bearing chert or argillite. Based on conodont, radiolarian and fusulinid data, the age limits of the meange blocks in the Weatherby Formation range from Pennsylvanian to Late Triassic.
","language":"English","publisher":"Micropress","usgsCitation":"Nestell, M.K., and Blome, C.D., 2016, Some contrasting biostratigraphic links between the Baker and Olds Ferry Terranes, eastern Oregon: Micropaleontology, v. 61, no. 4-5, p. 389-417.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"389","endPage":"417","ipdsId":"IP-071916","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349152,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":347829,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.micropress.org/microaccess/micropaleontology/issue-320/article-1956"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","volume":"61","issue":"4-5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fd87e4b06e28e9c24fab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nestell, Merlynd K.","contributorId":68603,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nestell","given":"Merlynd","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":12734,"text":"University of Texas at Arlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blome, Charles D. 0000-0002-3449-9378 cblome@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-9378","contributorId":1246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blome","given":"Charles","email":"cblome@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70192760,"text":"70192760 - 2016 - Recent and possible future variations in the North American Monsoon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-20T11:09:39","indexId":"70192760","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Recent and possible future variations in the North American Monsoon","docAbstract":"The dynamics and recent and possible future changes of the June–September rainfall associated with the North American Monsoon (NAM) are reviewed in this chapter. Our analysis as well as previous analyses of the trend in June–September precipitation from 1948 until 2010 indicate significant precipitation increases over New Mexico and the core NAM region, and significant precipitation decreases over southwest Mexico. The trends in June–September precipitation have been forced by anomalous cyclonic circulation centered at 15°N latitude over the eastern Pacific Ocean. The anomalous cyclonic circulation is responsible for changes in the flux of moisture and the divergence of moisture flux within the core NAM region. Future climate projections using the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) models, as part of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5), support the observed analyses of a later shift in the monsoon season in the presence of increased greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere under the RCP8.5 scenario. The CMIP5 models under the RCP8.5 scenario predict significant NAM-related rainfall decreases during June and July and predict significant NAM-related rainfall increases during September and October.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The monsoons and climate change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-21650-8_7","isbn":"978-3-319-21649-2","usgsCitation":"Hoell, A., Funk, C., Barlow, M., and Shukla, S., 2016, Recent and possible future variations in the North American Monsoon, chap. of The monsoons and climate change, p. 149-162, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21650-8_7.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"162","ipdsId":"IP-062073","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350130,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fd88e4b06e28e9c24fd2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoell, Andrew","contributorId":145805,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoell","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":16236,"text":"UCSB Climate Hazards Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Funk, Chris 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":167070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Chris","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barlow, Mathew","contributorId":145834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barlow","given":"Mathew","affiliations":[{"id":16250,"text":"University of Massechusetts, Lowell","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shukla, Shraddhanand","contributorId":140735,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shukla","given":"Shraddhanand","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13549,"text":"UC Santa Barbara Climate Hazards Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70186879,"text":"70186879 - 2016 - CDMetaPOP: An individual-based, eco-evolutionary model for spatially explicit simulation of landscape demogenetics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T17:38:20","indexId":"70186879","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2717,"text":"Methods in Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"CDMetaPOP: An individual-based, eco-evolutionary model for spatially explicit simulation of landscape demogenetics","docAbstract":"1. Combining landscape demographic and genetics models offers powerful methods for addressing questions for eco-evolutionary applications.
2. Using two illustrative examples, we present Cost–Distance Meta-POPulation, a program to simulate changes in neutral and/or selection-driven genotypes through time as a function of individual-based movement, complex spatial population dynamics, and multiple and changing landscape drivers.
3. Cost–Distance Meta-POPulation provides a novel tool for questions in landscape genetics by incorporating population viability analysis, while linking directly to conservation applications.
Removal of carbon through the precipitation and burial of calcium carbonate in marine sediments constitutes over 70% of the total carbon on Earth and is partitioned between coastal and pelagic zones. The precipitation of authigenic calcium carbonate in seawater, however, has been hotly debated because despite being in a supersaturated state, there is an absence of persistent precipitation. One of the explanations for this paradox is the geochemical conditions in seawater cannot overcome the activation energy barrier for the first step in any precipitation reaction; nucleation. Here we show that virally induced rupturing of photosynthetic cyanobacterial cells releases cytoplasmic-associated bicarbonate at concentrations ~23-fold greater than in the surrounding seawater, thereby shifting the carbonate chemistry toward the homogenous nucleation of one or more of the calcium carbonate polymorphs. Using geochemical reaction energetics, we show the saturation states (Ω) in typical seawater for calcite (Ω = 4.3), aragonite (Ω = 3.1), and vaterite (Ω = 1.2) are significantly elevated following the release and diffusion of the cytoplasmic bicarbonate (Ωcalcite = 95.7; Ωaragonite = 68.5; Ωvaterite = 25.9). These increases in Ω significantly reduce the activation energy for nuclei formation thresholds for all three polymorphs, but only vaterite nucleation is energetically favored. In the post-lysis seawater, vaterite's nuclei formation activation energy is significantly reduced from 1.85 × 10−17 J to 3.85 × 10−20 J, which increases the nuclei formation rate from highly improbable (<<1.0 nuclei cm−3 s−1) to instantaneous (8.60 × 1025 nuclei cm−3 s−1). The proposed model for homogenous nucleation of calcium carbonate in seawater describes a mechanism through which the initial step in the production of carbonate sediments may proceed. It also presents an additional role of photosynthesizing microbes and their viruses in marine carbon cycles and reveals these microorganisms are a collective repository for concentrated and reactive dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) that is currently not accounted for in global carbon budgets and carbonate sediment diagenesis models.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2016.01958","usgsCitation":"Lisle, J.T., and Robbins, L.L., 2016, Viral lysis of photosynthesizing microbes as a mechanism for calcium carbonate nucleation in seawater: Frontiers in Microbiology, v. 7, Article 1958; 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01958.","productDescription":"Article 1958; 7 p.","ipdsId":"IP-061591","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471384,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01958","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":352777,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-12-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afeea5ae4b0da30c1bfc605","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lisle, John T. 0000-0002-5447-2092 jlisle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5447-2092","contributorId":2944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisle","given":"John","email":"jlisle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":656556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robbins, Lisa L. 0000-0003-3681-1094 lrobbins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3681-1094","contributorId":422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"Lisa","email":"lrobbins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":656557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70173413,"text":"70173413 - 2016 - Conservation of imperiled crayfish species - Cambarus veteranus (Decapoda: Cambaridae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-22T10:41:45","indexId":"70173413","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2235,"text":"Journal of Crustacean Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conservation of imperiled crayfish species - Cambarus veteranus (Decapoda: Cambaridae)","language":"English","publisher":"Brill Publishers","publisherLocation":"Leiden, Netherlands","doi":"10.1163/1937240X-00002383","usgsCitation":"Welsh, S., Loughman, Z.J., Thoma, R.F., and Fetzner, J.W., 2016, Conservation of imperiled crayfish species - Cambarus veteranus (Decapoda: Cambaridae): Journal of Crustacean Biology, v. 35, no. 6, p. 850-860, https://doi.org/10.1163/1937240X-00002383.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"850","endPage":"860","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065425","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471610,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1937240x-00002383","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324198,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576bb6b1e4b07657d1a2288f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welsh, Stuart A. 0000-0003-0362-054X swelsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0362-054X","contributorId":152088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welsh","given":"Stuart A.","email":"swelsh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":637097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loughman, Zachary J.","contributorId":76157,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Loughman","given":"Zachary","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thoma, Roger F.","contributorId":172206,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thoma","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fetzner, James W.","contributorId":172315,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fetzner","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70175412,"text":"70175412 - 2016 - Coral calcification and ocean acidification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-31T11:08:38","indexId":"70175412","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Coral calcification and ocean acidification","docAbstract":"Over 60 years ago, the discovery that light increased calcification in the coral plant-animal symbiosis triggered interest in explaining the phenomenon and understanding the mechanisms involved. Major findings along the way include the observation that carbon fixed by photosynthesis in the zooxanthellae is translocated to animal cells throughout the colony and that corals can therefore live as autotrophs in many situations. Recent research has focused on explaining the observed reduction in calcification rate with increasing ocean acidification (OA). Experiments have shown a direct correlation between declining ocean pH, declining aragonite saturation state (Ωarag), declining [CO32_] and coral calcification. Nearly all previous reports on OA identify Ωarag or its surrogate [CO32] as the factor driving coral calcification. However, the alternate “Proton Flux Hypothesis” stated that coral calcification is controlled by diffusion limitation of net H+ transport through the boundary layer in relation to availability of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). The “Two Compartment Proton Flux Model” expanded this explanation and synthesized diverse observations into a universal model that explains many paradoxes of coral metabolism, morphology and plasticity of growth form in addition to observed coral skeletal growth response to OA. It is now clear that irradiance is the main driver of net photosynthesis (Pnet), which in turn drives net calcification (Gnet), and alters pH in the bulk water surrounding the coral. Pnet controls [CO32] and thus Ωarag of the bulk water over the diel cycle. Changes in Ωarag and pH lag behind Gnet throughout the daily cycle by two or more hours. The flux rate Pnet, rather than concentration-based parameters (e.g., Ωarag, [CO3 2], pH and [DIC]:[H+] ratio) is the primary driver of Gnet. Daytime coral metabolism rapidly removes DIC from the bulk seawater. Photosynthesis increases the bulk seawater pH while providing the energy that drives calcification and increases in Gnet. These relationships result in a correlation between Gnet and Ωarag, with both parameters being variables dependent on Pnet. Consequently the correlation between Gnet and Ωarag varies widely between different locations and times depending on the relative metabolic contributions of various calcifying and photosynthesizing organisms and local rates of carbonate dissolution. High rates of H+ efflux continue for several hours following the mid-day Gnet peak suggesting that corals have difficulty in shedding waste protons as described by the Proton Flux Model. DIC flux (uptake) tracks Pnet and Gnet and drops off rapidly after the photosynthesis-calcification maxima, indicating that corals can cope more effectively with the problem of limited DIC supply compared to the problem of eliminating H+. Predictive models of future global changes in coral and coral reef growth based on oceanic Ωarag must include the influence of future changes in localized Pnet on Gnet as well as changes in rates of reef carbonate dissolution. The correlation between Ωarag and Gnet over the diel cycle is simply the result of increasing pH due to photosynthesis that shifts the CO2-carbonate system equilibria to increase [CO32] relative to the other DIC components of [HCO3] and [CO2]. Therefore Ωarag closely tracks pH as an effect of Pnet, which also drives changes in Gnet. Measurements of DIC flux and H+ flux are far more useful than concentrations in describing coral metabolism dynamics. Coral reefs are systems that exist in constant disequilibrium with the water column.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coral reefs at the crossroads","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/978-94-017-7567-0","collaboration":"Paul L. Jokiel and Christopher P. Jury, Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii","usgsCitation":"Jokiel, P.L., Jury, C.P., and Kuffner, I.B., 2016, Coral calcification and ocean acidification, chap. of Coral reefs at the crossroads, v. 6, p. 7-45, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7567-0.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"7","endPage":"45","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049232","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328107,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c7ffb0e4b0f2f0cebfc229","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jokiel, Paul L.","contributorId":131043,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jokiel","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7212,"text":"University of Hawai‘i, Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":645113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jury, Christopher P.","contributorId":173575,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jury","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":20314,"text":"Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":645114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kuffner, Ilsa B. 0000-0001-8804-7847 ikuffner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8804-7847","contributorId":3105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuffner","given":"Ilsa","email":"ikuffner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":645112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70162411,"text":"70162411 - 2016 - Stratigraphic architecture of a fluvial-lacustrine basin-fill succession at Desolation Canyon, Uinta Basin, Utah: Reference to Walthers’ Law and implications for the petroleum industry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-28T16:26:00","indexId":"70162411","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2789,"text":"Mountain Geologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphic architecture of a fluvial-lacustrine basin-fill succession at Desolation Canyon, Uinta Basin, Utah: Reference to Walthers’ Law and implications for the petroleum industry","docAbstract":"A continuous window into the fluvial-lacustrine basin-fill succession of the Uinta Basin is exposed along a 48-mile (77-kilometer) transect up the modern Green River from Three Fords to Sand Wash in Desolation Canyon, Utah. In ascending order the stratigraphic units are: 1) Flagstaff Limestone, 2) lower Wasatch member of the Wasatch Formation, 3) middle Wasatch member of the Wasatch Formation, 4) upper Wasatch member of the Wasatch Formation, 5) Uteland Butte member of the lower Green River Formation, 6) lower Green River Formation, 7) Renegade Tongue of the lower Green River Formation, 8) middle Green River Formation, and 9) the Mahogany oil shale zone marking the boundary between the middle and upper Green River Formations. This article uses regional field mapping, geologic maps, photographs, and descriptions of the stratigraphic unit including: 1) bounding surfaces, 2) key upward stratigraphic characteristics within the unit, and 3) longitudinal changes along the river transect. This information is used to create a north-south cross section through the basin-fill succession and a detailed geologic map of Desolation Canyon. The cross section documents stratigraphic relationships previously unreported and contrasts with earlier interpretations in two ways: 1) abrupt upward shifts in the stratigraphy documented herein, contrast with the gradual interfingering relationships proposed by Ryder et al., (1976) and Fouch et al., (1994), 2) we document fluvial deposits of the lower and middle Wasatch to be distinct and more widespread than previously recognized. In addition, we document that the Uteland Butte member of the lower Green River Formation was deposited in a lacustrine environment in Desolation Canyon.
\nTwo large-scale (member-scale) upward patterns are noted: Waltherian, and non-Waltherian. The upward successions in Waltherian progressions record progradation or retrogradation of a linked fluvial-lacustrine system across the area; whereas the upward successions in non-Waltherian progressions record large-scale changes in the depositional system that are not related to progradation or retrogradation of the ancient lacustrine shoreline. Four Waltherian progressions are noted: 1) the Flagstaff Limestone to lower Wasatch Formation member records the upward transition from lacustrine to fluvial—or shallowing-upward succession; 2) the upper Wasatch to Uteland Butte records the upward transition from fluvial to lacustrine—or a deepening upward succession; 3) the Uteland Butte to Renegade Tongue records the upward transition from lacustrine to fluvial—a shallowing-upward succession; and 4) the Renegade Tongue to Mahogany oil shale interval records the upward transition from fluvial to lacustrine—a deepening upward succession. The two non-Waltherian progressions in the study area are: 1) the lower to middle Wasatch, which records the abrupt shift from low to high net-sand content fluvial system, and 2) the middle to upper Wasatch, which records the abrupt shift from high to intermediate net-sand content fluvial system.
","language":"English","publisher":"Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists","usgsCitation":"Ford, G.L., Pyles, D.R., and Dechesne, M., 2016, Stratigraphic architecture of a fluvial-lacustrine basin-fill succession at Desolation Canyon, Uinta Basin, Utah: Reference to Walthers’ Law and implications for the petroleum industry: Mountain Geologist, v. 53, no. 1, p. 5-28.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"5","endPage":"28","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069472","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324569,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":324568,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://archives.datapages.com/data/mountain-geologist-rmag/data/053/053001/5_rmag-mg530005.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Desolation Canyon, Uinta Basin","volume":"53","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57739fb7e4b07657d1a90d72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ford, Grace L.","contributorId":152480,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ford","given":"Grace","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":18934,"text":"Colorado School of Mines / Sundance Energy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pyles, David R.","contributorId":152481,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pyles","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":18935,"text":"Colorado School of Mines / EOG Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":589476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dechesne, Marieke 0000-0002-4468-7495 mdechesne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4468-7495","contributorId":5036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dechesne","given":"Marieke","email":"mdechesne@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70164507,"text":"70164507 - 2016 - Montane Forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-28T15:58:52","indexId":"70164507","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Montane Forests","docAbstract":"This long-anticipated reference and sourcebook for California’s remarkable ecological abundance provides an integrated assessment of each major ecosystem type—its distribution, structure, function, and management. A comprehensive synthesis of our knowledge about this biologically diverse state, Ecosystems of California covers the state from oceans to mountaintops using multiple lenses: past and present, flora and fauna, aquatic and terrestrial, natural and managed. Each chapter evaluates natural processes for a specific ecosystem, describes drivers of change, and discusses how that ecosystem may be altered in the future. This book also explores the drivers of California’s ecological patterns and the history of the state’s various ecosystems, outlining how the challenges of climate change and invasive species and opportunities for regulation and stewardship could potentially affect the state’s ecosystems. The text explicitly incorporates both human impacts and conservation and restoration efforts and shows how ecosystems support human well-being. Edited by two esteemed ecosystem ecologists and with overviews by leading experts on each ecosystem, this definitive work will be indispensable for natural resource management and conservation professionals as well as for undergraduate or graduate students of California’s environment and curious naturalists.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecosystems of California","language":"English","publisher":"University of California Press","collaboration":"U.S. Forest Service","usgsCitation":"North, M.P., Collins, B.M., Safford, H.D., and Stephenson, N.L., 2016, Montane Forests, chap. of Ecosystems of California, p. 553-577.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"553","endPage":"577","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-054299","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324556,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":316714,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520278806"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57739fb3e4b07657d1a90cf5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"North, Malcolm P.","contributorId":9975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"North","given":"Malcolm","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collins, Brandon M.","contributorId":127850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collins","given":"Brandon","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7169,"text":"USDA Forest Service, UC Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Safford, Hugh D.","contributorId":112922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Safford","given":"Hugh","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stephenson, Nathan L. 0000-0003-0208-7229 nstephenson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0208-7229","contributorId":2836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"Nathan","email":"nstephenson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70173925,"text":"70173925 - 2016 - Cascade Mountain Range in Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-21T11:19:40","indexId":"70173925","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Cascade Mountain Range in Oregon","docAbstract":"The Cascade mountain system extends from northern California to central British Columbia. In Oregon, it comprises the Cascade Range, which is 260 miles long and, at greatest breadth, 90 miles wide (fig. 1). Oregon’s Cascade Range covers roughly 17,000 square miles, or about 17 percent of the state, an area larger than each of the smallest nine of the fifty United States. The range is bounded on the east by U.S. Highways 97 and 197. On the west it reaches nearly to Interstate 5, forming the eastern margin of the Willamette Valley and, farther south, abutting the Coast Ranges.
\nAlong its Oregon segment, the Cascade Range is almost entirely volcanic in origin. The volcanoes and their eroded remnants are the visible magmatic expression of the Cascadia subduction zone, where the offshore Juan de Fuca tectonic plate is subducted beneath North America. Subduction occurs as two lithospheric plates collide, and an underthrusted oceanic plate is commonly dragged into the mantle by the pull of gravity, carrying ocean-bottom rock and sediment down to where heat and pressure expel water. As this water rises, it lowers the melting temperature in the overlying hot mantle rocks, thereby promoting melting. The molten rock supplies the volcanic arcs with heat and magma. Cascade Range volcanoes are part of the Ring of Fire, a popular term for the numerous volcanic arcs that encircle the Pacific Ocean.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Oregon Encyclopedia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Oregon Historical Society","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","usgsCitation":"Sherrod, D.R., 2016, Cascade Mountain Range in Oregon, chap. of The Oregon Encyclopedia, HTML Document.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070440","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324093,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":324092,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/cascade_mountain_range/#.V2lopvkrJhF"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Cascade Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.4423828125,\n 41.97582726102573\n ],\n [\n -123.4423828125,\n 45.69083283645816\n ],\n [\n -121.03637695312499,\n 45.69083283645816\n ],\n [\n -121.03637695312499,\n 41.97582726102573\n ],\n [\n -123.4423828125,\n 41.97582726102573\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576a6532e4b07657d1a11d19","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherrod, David R. 0000-0001-9460-0434 dsherrod@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9460-0434","contributorId":527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"David","email":"dsherrod@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":639374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70169884,"text":"70169884 - 2016 - Fire as an ecosystem process: Chapter 3","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-12T16:13:55","indexId":"70169884","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Fire as an ecosystem process: Chapter 3","docAbstract":"This long-anticipated reference and sourcebook for California’s remarkable ecological abundance provides an integrated assessment of each major ecosystem type—its distribution, structure, function, and management. A comprehensive synthesis of our knowledge about this biologically diverse state, Ecosystems of California covers the state from oceans to mountaintops using multiple lenses: past and present, flora and fauna, aquatic and terrestrial, natural and managed. Each chapter evaluates natural processes for a specific ecosystem, describes drivers of change, and discusses how that ecosystem may be altered in the future. This book also explores the drivers of California’s ecological patterns and the history of the state’s various ecosystems, outlining how the challenges of climate change and invasive species and opportunities for regulation and stewardship could potentially affect the state’s ecosystems. The text explicitly incorporates both human impacts and conservation and restoration efforts and shows how ecosystems support human well-being. Edited by two esteemed ecosystem ecologists and with overviews by leading experts on each ecosystem, this definitive work will be indispensable for natural resource management and conservation professionals as well as for undergraduate or graduate students of California’s environment and curious naturalists.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ecosystems of California","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of California Press","isbn":"9780520278806","usgsCitation":"Keeley, J.E., and Safford, H.D., 2016, Fire as an ecosystem process: Chapter 3, chap. of Ecosystems of California.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051438","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325127,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":319563,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520278806"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"579dcfe4e4b0589fa1cbd874","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Mooney, Harold A.","contributorId":172852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mooney","given":"Harold","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642269,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zavaleta, Erika S.","contributorId":43233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zavaleta","given":"Erika","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642270,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Safford, Hugh D.","contributorId":112922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Safford","given":"Hugh","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70160493,"text":"70160493 - 2016 - Integrated groundwater data management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-17T14:45:30","indexId":"70160493","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Integrated groundwater data management","docAbstract":"The goal of a data manager is to ensure that data is safely stored, adequately described, discoverable and easily accessible. However, to keep pace with the evolution of groundwater studies in the last decade, the associated data and data management requirements have changed significantly. In particular, there is a growing recognition that management questions cannot be adequately answered by single discipline studies. This has led a push towards the paradigm of integrated modeling, where diverse parts of the hydrological cycle and its human connections are included. This chapter describes groundwater data management practices, and reviews the current state of the art with enterprise groundwater database management systems. It also includes discussion on commonly used data management models, detailing typical data management lifecycles. We discuss the growing use of web services and open standards such as GWML and WaterML2.0 to exchange groundwater information and knowledge, and the need for national data networks. We also discuss cross-jurisdictional interoperability issues, based on our experience sharing groundwater data across the US/Canadian border. Lastly, we present some future trends relating to groundwater data management.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Integrated groundwater management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-23576-9_26","isbn":"978-3-319-23575-2","usgsCitation":"Fitch, P., Brodaric, B., Stenson, M., and Booth, N., 2016, Integrated groundwater data management, chap. of Integrated groundwater management, p. 667-692, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23576-9_26.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"667","endPage":"692","ipdsId":"IP-057014","costCenters":[{"id":5054,"text":"Office of Water Information","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488592,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23576-9_26","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":339814,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f5d440e4b0f2e20545e413","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Jakeman, Anthony J. 0000-0001-5282-2215","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5282-2215","contributorId":173848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jakeman","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17939,"text":"The Australian National University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":691268,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barreteau, Olivier","contributorId":173849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barreteau","given":"Olivier","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27301,"text":"IRSTEA - UMR G-EAU (France)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":691269,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hunt, Randall J. 0000-0001-6465-9304 rjhunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6465-9304","contributorId":1129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Randall","email":"rjhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":691270,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rinaudo, Jean-Daniel","contributorId":173850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rinaudo","given":"Jean-Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27302,"text":"BRGM (France)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":691271,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ross, Andrew","contributorId":173851,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13328,"text":"UNESCO-IHE","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":691272,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":5}],"authors":[{"text":"Fitch, Peter","contributorId":150765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fitch","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18100,"text":"Commonwealth Scientific Research Organisation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brodaric, Boyan","contributorId":80341,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brodaric","given":"Boyan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stenson, Matt","contributorId":150766,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stenson","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18100,"text":"Commonwealth Scientific Research Organisation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Booth, Nathaniel 0000-0001-6040-1031 nlbooth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6040-1031","contributorId":140641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Booth","given":"Nathaniel","email":"nlbooth@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5054,"text":"Office of Water Information","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70189850,"text":"70189850 - 2016 - Comparative mitogenomic analyses of three North American stygobiont amphipods of the genus Stygobromus (Crustacea: Amphipoda)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-27T11:31:08","indexId":"70189850","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5471,"text":"Mitochondrial DNA Part B","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparative mitogenomic analyses of three North American stygobiont amphipods of the genus Stygobromus (Crustacea: Amphipoda)","docAbstract":"The mitochondrial genomes of three North American stygobiont amphipods Stygobromus tenuis potomacus, S. foliatus and S. indentatus collected from Caroline County, VA, were sequenced using a shotgun sequencing approach on an Illumina NextSeq500 (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA). All three mitogenomes displayed 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNAs and two rRNAs typical of metazoans. While S. tenuis and S. indentatusdisplayed identical gene orders similar to the pancrustacean ground pattern, S. foliatus displayed a transposition of the trnL2-cox2 genes to after atp8-atp6. In addition, a short atp8 gene, longer rrnL gene and large inverted repeat within the Control Region distinguished S. foliatus from S. tenuis potomacus and S. indentatus. Overall, it appears that gene order varies considerably among amphipods, and the addition of these Stygobromus mitogenomes to the existing sequenced amphipod mitogenomes will prove useful for characterizing evolutionary relationships among various amphipod taxa, as well as investigations of the evolutionary dynamics of the mitogenome in general.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/23802359.2016.1174086","usgsCitation":"Aunins, A.W., Nelms, D.L., Hobson, C.S., and King, T.L., 2016, Comparative mitogenomic analyses of three North American stygobiont amphipods of the genus Stygobromus (Crustacea: Amphipoda): Mitochondrial DNA Part B, v. 1, no. 1, p. 560-563, https://doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2016.1174086.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"560","endPage":"563","ipdsId":"IP-076782","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471385,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2016.1174086","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344386,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-11-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"597afba7e4b0a38ca2750b66","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aunins, Aaron W. 0000-0001-5240-1453 aaunins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-1453","contributorId":5863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aunins","given":"Aaron","email":"aaunins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelms, David L. 0000-0001-5747-642X dlnelms@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5747-642X","contributorId":1892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelms","given":"David","email":"dlnelms@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37759,"text":"VA/WV Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hobson, Christopher S.","contributorId":171458,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hobson","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"King, Tim L. tlking@usgs.gov","contributorId":3520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Tim","email":"tlking@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70157527,"text":"70157527 - 2016 - Natural soil reservoirs for human pathogenic and fecal indicator bacteria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-06T14:36:49","indexId":"70157527","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Natural soil reservoirs for human pathogenic and fecal indicator bacteria","docAbstract":"Soils receive inputs of human pathogenic and indicator bacteria through land application of animal manures or sewage sludge, and inputs by wildlife. Soil is an extremely heterogeneous substrate and contains meso- and macrofauna that may be reservoirs for bacteria of human health concern. The ability to detect and quantify bacteria of human health concern is important in risk assessments and in evaluating the efficacy of agricultural soil management practices that are protective of crop quality and protective of adjacent water resources. The present chapter describes the distribution of selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in soils. Methods for detecting and quantifying soilborne bacteria including extraction, enrichment using immunomagnetic capture, culturing, molecular detection and deep sequencing of metagenomic DNA to detect pathogens are overviewed. 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The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predicts that most regions of the world will be exposed to higher temperatures, CO2, and more erratic precipitation, with some regions likely to have alternating episodes of intense flooding and mega-drought. Coastal areas will be exposed to more frequent saltwater inundation as sea levels rise. Local land managers desperately need intra-regional climate information for site-specific planning, management, and restoration activities. Managers will be challenged to deliver freshwater to floodplains during climate change-induced drought, particularly within hydrologically altered and developed landscapes. Assessment of forest health, both by field and remote sensing techniques, will be essential to signal the need for hydrologic remediation. Studies of the utility of the release of freshwater to remediate stressed forested floodplains along the Murray and Mississippi Rivers suggest that brief episodes of freshwater remediation for trees can have positive health benefits for these forests. The challenges of climate change in forests of the developing world will be considered using the Tonle Sap of Cambodia as an example. With little ecological knowledge of the impacts, managing climate change will add to environmental problems already faced in the developing world with new river engineering projects. These emerging approaches to remediate stressed trees will be of utmost importance for managing worldwide floodplain forests with predicted climate changes.
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A lahar is a flowing slurry of rock debris and water originating on the slopes of a volcano. The term may also mean the deposit of such a flow.
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The Northeast-Midwest Institute (NEMWI), in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program, initiated this project to explore the types and amounts of water data needed to address water-quality related policy questions of critical concern to today’s policy makers and whether those data are currently available. The collaborating entities identified two urgent water policy questions and conducted case studies in the Northeast-Midwest region to determine the water data needed, water data available, and the best ways to fill the data gaps relative to those questions. This report details the output from one case study and focuses on the Susquehanna River Basin, a data-rich area expected to be a best-case scenario in terms of water data availability.
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What is lacking, however, are reliable methods to attach these tracking devices to small migratory birds so that (1) flight performance is not impacted and (2) tags are retained during periods of substantial mass change associated with long-distance migration. We developed a full-body harness to attach tags to Red Knots (Calidris canutus), a medium-sized shorebird (average mass 124 g) that undertakes long-distance migrations. First, we deployed dummy tags on captive birds and monitored them over a complete migratory fattening cycle (February–July 2013) during which time they gained and lost 31–110 g and underwent a pre-alternate moult of body feathers. Using each individual’s previous year fattening and moult data in captivity as controls, we compared individual mass and moult differences between years between the tagged and reference groups, and concluded that the attachment did not impact mass and moult cycles. However, some birds shed feathers under the tags and under the polyester harness line commonly used in avian harnesses. Feather shedding was alleviated by switching to smoothed-bottom tags and monofilament harness lines. To field-trial this design, we deployed 5-g satellite transmitters on ten Red Knots released on 3 October 2013 in the Dutch Wadden Sea. Bird movements and tag performance appeared normal. However, nine tags stopped transmitting 11–170 days post-release which was earlier than expected. We attribute this to bird mortality rather than failure of the attachments or transmitters and suggest that the extra weight and drag caused by the tag and its feather-blocking shield increased the chance of depredation by the locally common Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus). Our results demonstrate that species- and place-specific contexts can strongly determine tagging success. While captive trials are an important first step in developing an attachment method, field trials are essential to fully assess attachment designs.
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G.","affiliations":[{"id":24823,"text":"Animal Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":623433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Piersma, Theunis","contributorId":45863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piersma","given":"Theunis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70159609,"text":"70159609 - 2016 - Hydrologic response of desert wetlands to Holocene climate change: preliminary results from the Soda Springs area, Mojave National Preserve, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-28T09:33:15","indexId":"70159609","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Hydrologic response of desert wetlands to Holocene climate change: preliminary results from the Soda Springs area, Mojave National Preserve, California","docAbstract":"Desert wetlands are common features in arid environments and include a variety of hydrologic facies, including seeps, springs, marshes, wet meadows, ponds, and spring pools. Wet ground conditions and dense stands of vegetation in these settings combine to trap eolian, alluvial, and fluvial sediments that accumulate over time. The resulting deposits are collectively called ground-water discharge (GWD) deposits, and contain information on how small desert watersheds responded to climate change in the past. Most GWD studies in the southwestern U.S. have focused on the late Pleistocene because the Holocene was too dry to support the extensive wetland systems that were so pervasive just a few millennia earlier. Here we describe the results of a pilot project that involves coring extant wetlands and analyzing the sedimentology and microfauna of the recovered sediment to infer Holocene hydrologic conditions. In 2011, a series of cores were taken near wetlands situated along the western margin of the Soda Lake basin in the Mojave National Preserve of southern California. The core sediments appear to show that the wetlands responded to the relatively minor climate fluctuations that characterized the Holocene. However, our analysis was limited by relatively low sediment recovery (which only averaged 70-80%) and a general paucity of datable materials in the cores. Additional studies aimed at improving recovery and developing new techniques for concentrating plant microfossils (plant remains that are <150 m in diameter) for radiocarbon dating are ongoing.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 1st Death Valley Natural History Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"First Death Valley Natural History Conference","language":"English","publisher":"Death Valley Natural History Association","usgsCitation":"Pigati, J., Reheis, M.C., McGeehin, J.P., Honke, J., and Bright, J., 2016, Hydrologic response of desert wetlands to Holocene climate change: preliminary results from the Soda Springs area, Mojave National Preserve, California, in Proceedings of the 1st Death Valley Natural History Conference, p. 2-19.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"2","endPage":"19","ipdsId":"IP-052618","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340585,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"590454a6e4b022cee40dc246","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pigati, Jeffrey S. 0000-0001-5843-6219 jpigati@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5843-6219","contributorId":149825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pigati","given":"Jeffrey S.","email":"jpigati@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":579703,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reheis, Marith C. 0000-0002-8359-323X mreheis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8359-323X","contributorId":1196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reheis","given":"Marith","email":"mreheis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":693378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGeehin, John P. mcgeehin@usgs.gov","contributorId":140956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGeehin","given":"John","email":"mcgeehin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":693379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Honke, Jeffrey S.","contributorId":46412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Honke","given":"Jeffrey S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bright, J.","contributorId":191525,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bright","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70156652,"text":"70156652 - 2016 - Forest structure of oak plantations after silvicultural treatment to enhance habitat for wildlife","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-06T14:13:16","indexId":"70156652","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Forest structure of oak plantations after silvicultural treatment to enhance habitat for wildlife","docAbstract":"During the past 30 years, thousands of hectares of oak-dominated bottomland hardwood plantations have been planted on agricultural fields in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley. Many of these plantations now have closed canopies and sparse understories. Silvicultural treatments could create a more heterogeneous forest structure, with canopy gaps and increased understory vegetation for wildlife. Lack of volume sufficient for commercial harvest in hardwood plantations has impeded treatments, but demand for woody biomass for energy production may provide a viable means to introduce disturbance beneficial for wildlife. We assessed forest structure in response to prescribed pre-commercial perturbations in hardwood plantations resulting from silvicultural treatments: 1) row thinning by felling every fourth planted row; 2) multiple patch cuts with canopy gaps of <1 0.25 – 2 ha; and 3) tree removal on intersecting corridors diagonal to planted rows. These 3 treatments, and an untreated control, were applied to oak plantations (20 - 30 years post-planting) on three National Wildlife Refuges (Cache River, AR; Grand Cote, LA; and Yazoo, MS) during summer 2010. We sampled habitat using fixed-radius plots in 2009 (pre-treatment) and in 2012 (post-treatment) at random locations. Retained basal area was least in diagonal corridor treatments but had greater variance in patch-cut treatments. All treatments increased canopy openness and the volume of coarse woody debris. Occurrence of birds using early successional habitats was greater on sites treated with patch cuts and diagonal intersections. Canopy openings on row-thinned stands are being filled by lateral crown growth of retained trees whereas patch cut and diagonal intersection gaps appear likely to be filled by regenerating saplings.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 18th Biennial Southern Silvicultural Research Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"18th Biennial Southern Silvicultural Research Conference","language":"English","publisher":"USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station","usgsCitation":"Twedt, D.J., Phillip, C.P., Guilfoyle, M.P., and Wilson, R.R., 2016, Forest structure of oak plantations after silvicultural treatment to enhance habitat for wildlife, in Proceedings of the 18th Biennial Southern Silvicultural Research Conference, p. 113-121.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"113","endPage":"121","ipdsId":"IP-065562","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336884,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58be833be4b014cc3a3a99ed","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Schweitzer, Callie Jo","contributorId":172250,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schweitzer","given":"Callie","email":"","middleInitial":"Jo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680817,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clatterbuck, Wayne K.","contributorId":172251,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clatterbuck","given":"Wayne","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680818,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oswalt, Christopher M.","contributorId":172252,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oswalt","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680819,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Twedt, Daniel J. 0000-0003-1223-5045 dtwedt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1223-5045","contributorId":398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twedt","given":"Daniel","email":"dtwedt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":569808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phillip, Cherrie-Lee P.","contributorId":146996,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Phillip","given":"Cherrie-Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":16769,"text":"Natural Resource Specialist, U.S Army Corps of Engineers, Hords Creek Lake, 230 Friendship Park Rd, Coleman, TX 76834","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":569809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guilfoyle, Michael P.","contributorId":113717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guilfoyle","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilson, R. Randy","contributorId":100287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Randy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":569811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}