When the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (GLWQA) was signed in 1972 by the Governments of Canada and the United States (the “Parties”) (Environment Canada, 2013a), groundwater was not recognized as important to the water quality of the Lakes. At that time, groundwater and surface water were still considered as two separate systems, with almost no appreciation for their interaction. When the GLWQA was revised in 1978 (US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), 2012), groundwater contamination, such as that reported at legacy industrial sites such as those at Love Canal near the Niagara River, was squarely in the news. Consequently, the potential impacts of contaminated groundwater from such sites on Great Lakes water quality became a concern (Beck, 1979), and Annex 16 was added to the agreement, to address “pollution from contaminated groundwater” (Francis, 1989). However, no formal process for reporting under this annex was provided.
The GLWQA Protocol in 1987 modified Annex 16 and called for progress reports beginning in 1988 (USEPA, 1988). The Protocol in 2012 provided a new Annex 8 to address groundwater more holistically (Environment 2 Canada, 2013b). Annex 8 (Environment Canada, 2013b) commits the Parties to coordinate groundwater science and management actions; as a first step, to “publish a report on the relevant and available groundwater science” by February 2015 (this report); and to “identify priorities for science activities and actions for groundwater management, protection, and remediation…” The broader mandate of Annex 8 is to (1) “identify groundwater impacts on the chemical, physical and biological integrity of the Waters of the Great Lakes;” (2) “analyze contaminants, including nutrients in groundwater, derived from both point and non-point sources impacting the Waters of the Great Lakes;” (3) “assess information gaps and science needs related to groundwater to protect the quality of the Waters of the Great Lakes;” and (4) “analyze other factors, such as climate change, that individually or cumulatively affect groundwater’s impact on the quality of the Waters of the Great Lakes.” A binational Annex 8 Subcommittee was formed to lead efforts to fulfill the mandate of this annex (members listed on p. i of this report). In turn, this subcommittee has recruited a task team to prepare this report (listed as authors of each chapter). This report addresses all of the above four objectives, based on a compilation of the “relevant and available groundwater science.” Specifically, the second objective (to “analyze contaminants”) is addressed by incorporating information obtained in ongoing monitoring and research activities conducted by the Parties, and by various other members of the Great Lakes Executive Committee.
","language":"English","publisher":" Environment and Climate Change Canada and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"2016, Groundwater science relevant to the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement: A status report, vi, 100 p.","productDescription":"vi, 100 p.","ipdsId":"IP-066382","costCenters":[{"id":5068,"text":"Midwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350155,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350154,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://binational.net/2016/06/13/groundwater-science-f/"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.59716796875,\n 45.413876460821086\n ],\n [\n -77.67333984375,\n 46.6795944656402\n ],\n [\n -80.5517578125,\n 47.025206001585396\n ],\n [\n -83.51806640624999,\n 47.931066347509784\n ],\n [\n -85.78125,\n 49.35375571830993\n ],\n [\n -87.4072265625,\n 49.439556958940855\n ],\n [\n -88.3740234375,\n 49.439556958940855\n ],\n [\n -90.41748046874999,\n 49.167338606291075\n ],\n [\n -92.5048828125,\n 47.502358951968574\n ],\n [\n -92.70263671874999,\n 46.392411189814645\n ],\n [\n -91.318359375,\n 46.40756396630067\n ],\n [\n -89.69238281249999,\n 45.398449976304086\n ],\n [\n -89.07714843749999,\n 43.77109381775651\n ],\n [\n -88.43994140625,\n 42.87596410238256\n ],\n [\n -87.73681640625,\n 41.409775832009565\n ],\n [\n -86.7919921875,\n 41.541477666790286\n ],\n [\n -85.80322265625,\n 41.75492216766298\n ],\n [\n -84.00146484374999,\n 41.376808565702355\n ],\n [\n -82.59521484375,\n 41.04621681452063\n ],\n [\n -80.61767578124999,\n 41.393294288784865\n ],\n [\n -79.25537109375,\n 42.114523952464246\n ],\n [\n -78.0029296875,\n 42.601619944327965\n ],\n [\n -76.04736328125,\n 43.004647127794435\n ],\n [\n -74.619140625,\n 43.929549935614595\n ],\n [\n -73.71826171874999,\n 44.512176171071054\n ],\n [\n -74.59716796875,\n 45.413876460821086\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fda4e4b06e28e9c25293","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Grannemann, Norman G. nggranne@usgs.gov","contributorId":4823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grannemann","given":"Norman","email":"nggranne@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":5068,"text":"Midwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":725312,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Stempvoort, Dale","contributorId":199351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Stempvoort","given":"Dale","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725313,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70168352,"text":"70168352 - 2016 - A simple web-based tool to compare freshwater fish data collected using AFS standard methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-28T14:26:52","indexId":"70168352","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A simple web-based tool to compare freshwater fish data collected using AFS standard methods","docAbstract":"The American Fisheries Society (AFS) recently published Standard Methods for Sampling North American Freshwater Fishes. Enlisting the expertise of 284 scientists from 107 organizations throughout Canada, Mexico, and the United States, this text was developed to facilitate comparisons of fish data across regions or time. Here we describe a user-friendly web tool that automates among-sample comparisons in individual fish condition, population length-frequency distributions, and catch per unit effort (CPUE) data collected using AFS standard methods. Currently, the web tool (1) provides instantaneous summaries of almost 4,000 data sets of condition, length frequency, and CPUE of common freshwater fishes collected using standard gears in 43 states and provinces; (2) is easily appended with new standardized field data to update subsequent queries and summaries; (3) compares fish data from a particular water body with continent, ecoregion, and state data summaries; and (4) provides additional information about AFS standard fish sampling including benefits, ongoing validation studies, and opportunities to comment on specific methods. The web tool—programmed in a PHP-based Drupal framework—was supported by several AFS Sections, agencies, and universities and is freely available from the AFS website and fisheriesstandardsampling.org. With widespread use, the online tool could become an important resource for fisheries biologists.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/03632415.2015.1106944","usgsCitation":"Bonar, S.A., Mercado-Silva, N., Rahr, M., Torrey, Y.T., and Cate, A., 2016, A simple web-based tool to compare freshwater fish data collected using AFS standard methods: Fisheries, v. 40, no. 12, p. 580-589, https://doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2015.1106944.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"580","endPage":"589","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059875","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318144,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c6f93ce4b0946c6524071a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonar, Scott A. 0000-0003-3532-4067 sbonar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3532-4067","contributorId":3712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonar","given":"Scott","email":"sbonar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mercado-Silva, Norman","contributorId":18219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mercado-Silva","given":"Norman","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rahr, Matt","contributorId":167027,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rahr","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Torrey, Yuta T.","contributorId":167028,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Torrey","given":"Yuta","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cate, Averill Jr.","contributorId":167030,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cate","given":"Averill","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70162129,"text":"70162129 - 2016 - Detection rates of geckos in visual surveys: Turning confounding variables into useful knowledge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-14T08:45:42","indexId":"70162129","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2334,"text":"Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detection rates of geckos in visual surveys: Turning confounding variables into useful knowledge","docAbstract":"Transect surveys without some means of estimating detection probabilities generate population size indices prone to bias because survey conditions differ in time and space. Knowing what causes such bias can help guide the collection of relevant survey covariates, correct the survey data, anticipate situations where bias might be unacceptably large, and elucidate the ecology of target species. We used negative binomial regression to evaluate confounding variables for gecko (primarily Hemidactylus frenatus and Lepidodactylus lugubris) counts on 220-m-long transects surveyed at night, primarily for snakes, on 9,475 occasions. Searchers differed in gecko detection rates by up to a factor of six. The worst and best headlamps differed by a factor of at least two. Strong winds had a negative effect potentially as large as those of searchers or headlamps. More geckos were seen during wet weather conditions, but the effect size was small. Compared with a detection nadir during waxing gibbous (nearly full) moons above the horizon, we saw 28% more geckos during waning crescent moons below the horizon. A sine function suggested that we saw 24% more geckos at the end of the wet season than at the end of the dry season. Fluctuations on a longer timescale also were verified. Disturbingly, corrected data exhibited strong short-term fluctuations that covariates apparently failed to capture. Although some biases can be addressed with measured covariates, others will be difficult to eliminate as a significant source of error in longterm monitoring programs.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","doi":"10.1670/14-048","usgsCitation":"Lardner, B., Rodda, G.H., Yackel Adams, A., Savidge, J., and Reed, R., 2016, Detection rates of geckos in visual surveys: Turning confounding variables into useful knowledge: Journal of Herpetology, v. 49, no. 4, p. 522-532, https://doi.org/10.1670/14-048.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"522","endPage":"532","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052780","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314304,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Guam","otherGeospatial":"Andersen Air Force Base","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 144.89404678344727,\n 13.545375552197399\n ],\n [\n 144.89404678344727,\n 13.595102544565938\n ],\n [\n 144.95155334472656,\n 13.595102544565938\n ],\n [\n 144.95155334472656,\n 13.545375552197399\n ],\n [\n 144.89404678344727,\n 13.545375552197399\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5698d4c4e4b0fbd3f7fa4c22","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lardner, Bjorn lardnerb@usgs.gov","contributorId":5546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lardner","given":"Bjorn","email":"lardnerb@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rodda, Gordon H. roddag@usgs.gov","contributorId":3196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rodda","given":"Gordon","email":"roddag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Yackel Adams, Amy A. yackela@usgs.gov","contributorId":141033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackel Adams","given":"Amy A.","email":"yackela@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":588631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Savidge, Julie A.","contributorId":10225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savidge","given":"Julie A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reed, Robert N. reedr@usgs.gov","contributorId":141036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Robert N.","email":"reedr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":588635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70161740,"text":"70161740 - 2016 - Spawning and rearing behavior of bull trout in a headwater lake ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-25T14:33:22.734268","indexId":"70161740","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spawning and rearing behavior of bull trout in a headwater lake ecosystem","docAbstract":"Numerous life histories have been documented for bull trout Salvelinus confluentus. Lacustrine-adfluvial bull trout populations that occupy small, headwater lake ecosystems and migrate short distances to natal tributaries to spawn are likely common; however, much of the research on potamodromous bull trout has focused on describing the spawning and rearing characteristics of bull trout populations that occupy large rivers and lakes and make long distance spawning migrations to natal headwater streams. This study describes the spawning and rearing characteristics of lacustrine-adfluvial bull trout in the Quartz Lake drainage, Glacier National Park, USA, a small headwater lake ecosystem. Many spawning and rearing characteristics of bull trout in the Quartz Lake drainage are similar to potamodromous bull trout that migrate long distances. For example, subadult bull trout distribution was positively associated with slow-water habitat unit types and maximum wetted width, and negatively associated with increased stream gradient. Bull trout spawning also occurred when water temperatures were between 5 and 9 °C, and redds were generally located in stream segments with low stream gradient and abundant gravel and cobble substrates. However, this study also elucidated characteristics of bull trout biology that are not well documented in the literature, but may be relatively widespread and have important implications regarding general characteristics of bull trout ecology, use of available habitat by bull trout, and persistence of lacustrine-adfluvial bull trout in small headwater lake ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10641-015-0461-x","usgsCitation":"Lora B. Tennant, Gresswell, R.E., Guy, C.S., and Meeuwig, M.H., 2016, Spawning and rearing behavior of bull trout in a headwater lake ecosystem: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 99, no. 1, p. 117-131, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-015-0461-x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"131","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059187","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313869,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Quartz Lake drainage","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.0626335144043,\n 48.8712640169951\n ],\n [\n -114.05353546142578,\n 48.86866700111896\n ],\n [\n -114.05508041381836,\n 48.859406977973094\n ],\n [\n -114.07001495361328,\n 48.849354525964365\n ],\n [\n -114.07928466796874,\n 48.841672640526525\n ],\n [\n -114.09181594848631,\n 48.83455454798976\n ],\n [\n -114.10812377929688,\n 48.82867853499683\n ],\n [\n -114.13061141967772,\n 48.827774471831894\n ],\n [\n -114.13473129272461,\n 48.827774471831894\n ],\n [\n -114.13764953613281,\n 48.82336693032094\n ],\n [\n -114.13644790649414,\n 48.820202302479274\n ],\n [\n -114.13078308105469,\n 48.81952414194507\n ],\n [\n -114.11396026611328,\n 48.818393853998344\n ],\n [\n -114.10074234008789,\n 48.82178464137724\n ],\n [\n -114.0846061706543,\n 48.828339513221444\n ],\n [\n -114.0720748901367,\n 48.83794424201477\n ],\n [\n -114.06366348266602,\n 48.84641747361601\n ],\n [\n -114.05653953552246,\n 48.851500724507346\n ],\n [\n -114.05061721801758,\n 48.85692229000433\n ],\n [\n -114.04872894287108,\n 48.867086142850226\n ],\n [\n -114.05173301696777,\n 48.87092528343819\n ],\n [\n -114.05362129211424,\n 48.87397380289261\n ],\n [\n -114.05671119689941,\n 48.87493348353615\n ],\n [\n -114.06074523925781,\n 48.87493348353615\n ],\n [\n -114.06237602233887,\n 48.872957650380535\n ],\n [\n -114.0626335144043,\n 48.8712640169951\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"99","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"568cf74ae4b0e7a44bc0f18a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lora B. 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","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Yackel Adams, A., Martin, D.J., and Adams, R., 2016, Heterodon nasicus (plains hog-nosed snake) diet: Herpetological Review, v. 46, no. 4.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"645","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064343","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314559,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a20f3ce4b0961cf2811bbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yackel Adams, Amy A. yackela@usgs.gov","contributorId":141033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackel Adams","given":"Amy A.","email":"yackela@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":588624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, Daniel J. dmartin@usgs.gov","contributorId":152244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Daniel","email":"dmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":588625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adams, Rod D.","contributorId":62636,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Rod D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70160088,"text":"70160088 - 2016 - Restored agricultural wetlands in Central Iowa: habitat quality and amphibian response","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-31T09:24:09","indexId":"70160088","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Restored agricultural wetlands in Central Iowa: habitat quality and amphibian response","docAbstract":"Amphibians are declining throughout the United States and worldwide due, partly, to habitat loss. Conservation practices on the landscape restore wetlands to denitrify tile drainage effluent and restore ecosystem services. Understanding how water quality, hydroperiod, predation, and disease affect amphibians in restored wetlands is central to maintaining healthy amphibian populations in the region. We examined the quality of amphibian habitat in restored wetlands relative to reference wetlands by comparing species richness, developmental stress, and adult leopard frog (Lithobates pipiens) survival probabilities to a suite of environmental metrics. Although measured habitat variables differed between restored and reference wetlands, differences appeared to have sub-lethal rather than lethal effects on resident amphibian populations. There were few differences in amphibian species richness and no difference in estimated survival probabilities between wetland types. Restored wetlands had more nitrate and alkaline pH, longer hydroperiods, and were deeper, whereas reference wetlands had more amphibian chytrid fungus zoospores in water samples and resident amphibians exhibited increased developmental stress. Restored and reference wetlands are both important components of the landscape in central Iowa and maintaining a complex of fish-free wetlands with a variety of hydroperiods will likely contribute to the persistence of amphibians in this landscape.
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However, climate warming, land use change and associated increased connectivity all increase the risk of biological invasions in these environments. Here we present a summary of the key discussions of the workshop ‘Biosecurity in Mountains and Northern Ecosystems: Current Status and Future Challenges’ (Flen, Sweden, 1–3 June 2015). The aims of the workshop were to (1) increase awareness about the growing importance of species expansion—both non-native and native—at high elevation and high latitude with climate change, (2) review existing knowledge about invasion risks in these areas, and (3) encourage more research on how species will move and interact in cold environments, the consequences for biodiversity, and animal and human health and wellbeing. The diversity of potential and actual invaders reported at the workshop and the likely interactions between them create major challenges for managers of cold environments. However, since these cold environments have experienced fewer invasions when compared with many warmer, more populated environments, prevention has a real chance of success, especially if it is coupled with prioritisation schemes for targeting invaders likely to have greatest impact. Communication and co-operation between cold environment regions will facilitate rapid response, and maximise the use of limited research and management resources.
","language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht","doi":"10.1007/s10530-015-1025-x","usgsCitation":"Pauchard, A., Albihn, A., Alexander, J., Burgess, T., Daehler, C., Essl, F., Evengard, B., Greenwood, G., Haider, S., Lenoir, J., McDougall, K., Milbau, A., Muths, E.L., Nunez, M., Pellissier, L., Rabitsch, W., Rew, L., Robertson, M., Sanders, N., and Kueffer, C., 2016, Non-native and native organisms moving into high elevation and high latitude ecosystems in an era of climate change: new challenges for ecology and conservation: Biological Invasions, v. 18, no. 2, p. 345-353, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-015-1025-x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"345","endPage":"353","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068991","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471419,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository 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Here we report geological evidence for large tsunamis, occurring on average every 300–340 years, near the source areas of the 1946 and 1957 Aleutian tsunamis. These areas bookend a postulated seismic gap over 200 km long where modern geodetic measurements indicate that the megathrust is currently creeping. At Sedanka Island, evidence for large tsunamis includes six sand sheets that blanket a lowland facing the Pacific Ocean, rise to 15 m above mean sea level, contain marine diatoms, cap terraces, adjoin evidence for scour, and date from the past 1700 years. The youngest sheet, and modern drift logs found as far as 800 m inland and >18 m elevation, likely record the 1957 tsunami. Modern creep on the megathrust coexists with previously unrecognized tsunami sources along this part of the Aleutian Subduction Zone.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015GL066083","usgsCitation":"Witter, R., Carver, G.A., Briggs, R.W., Gelfenbaum, G.R., Koehler, R., La Selle, S., Bender, A.M., Engelhart, S., Hemphill-Haley, E., and Hill, T.D., 2016, Unusually large tsunamis frequent a currently creeping part of the Aleutian megathrust: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 43, no. 1, p. 76-84, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL066083.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"76","endPage":"84","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064550","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471420,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/03ee003802e4483c87cab3779889ea1b","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311726,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Aleutian Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -157.67578125,\n 58.44773280389084\n ],\n [\n -170.15625,\n 54.213861000644926\n ],\n [\n -174.55078125,\n 53.38332836757156\n ],\n [\n -178.41796874999997,\n 53.12040528310657\n ],\n [\n -181.93359375,\n 53.12040528310657\n ],\n [\n -185.44921875,\n 52.482780222078205\n ],\n [\n -183.515625,\n 50.62507306341435\n ],\n [\n -176.66015625,\n 50.3454604086048\n ],\n [\n -161.015625,\n 53.12040528310657\n ],\n [\n -154.248046875,\n 56.31653672211301\n ],\n [\n -150.29296875,\n 58.768200159239576\n ],\n [\n -151.34765625,\n 59.57885104663186\n ],\n [\n -152.9296875,\n 60.45721779774397\n ],\n [\n -155.7421875,\n 60.50052541051131\n ],\n [\n -157.67578125,\n 58.44773280389084\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565d732ce4b071e7ea54344f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Witter, Robert C. 0000-0002-1721-254X rwitter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-254X","contributorId":4528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witter","given":"Robert C.","email":"rwitter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carver, G. 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Although epibiont proliferation is frequently reported on slow-moving, sparsely haired organisms such as manatees and sloths, reports from densely furred, highly mobile mammals are much less common. There are reports of epizoic algae for several species of pinnipeds (Kenyon and Rice 1959, Scheffer 1962, Baldridge 1977, Allen et al. 1993), which rely to varying degrees on both pelage and blubber for thermoregulation, but the phenomenon has not been widely described. Scheffer (1962) noted that red algae was fairly common on the pelage of northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus), pinnipeds for which fur likely makes a comparatively high contribution to thermoregulation (Donohue et al. 2000). For species with pelage that plays a critical role of thermal insulation, it seems implausible that an epibiont would persist on healthy individuals that devote significant energy resources toward grooming and actively maintaining their coat. Biological characteristics of epibiont settlement and attachment, and physiological requirements of epizoic species play key roles in their successful colonization and potential host impacts. To investigate this relationship, we explore a novel discovery of an epizoic alga from southern sea otters, including describing algal development on sea otter hair and molecular identification of the algae.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/mms.12275","usgsCitation":"Bentall, G.B., Rosen, B.H., Kunz, J.M., Miller, M.A., Saunders, G.W., and LaRoche, N., 2016, Characterization of the putatively introduced red alga Acrochaetium secundatum (Acrochaetiales, Rhodophyta) growing epizoically on the pelage of southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis): Marine Mammal Science, v. 32, no. 2, p. 753-764, https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.12275.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"753","endPage":"764","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065595","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314311,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5698c6aee4b0fbd3f7fa4bd8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bentall, Gena B. 0000-0001-5448-1573","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5448-1573","contributorId":81813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bentall","given":"Gena","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosen, Barry H. 0000-0002-8016-3939 brosen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8016-3939","contributorId":2844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosen","given":"Barry","email":"brosen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5078,"text":"Southwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kunz, Jessica M.","contributorId":152240,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kunz","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":18888,"text":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Marine Wildlife Veterinary Care and Research Ctr.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":588605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, Melissa A.","contributorId":57701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Melissa","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":39007,"text":"CA Dept of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":588606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Saunders, Gary W.","contributorId":152241,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saunders","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":18889,"text":"University of New Brunswick","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":588607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"LaRoche, Nicole L. 0000-0003-3737-5714","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3737-5714","contributorId":152242,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaRoche","given":"Nicole L.","affiliations":[{"id":18890,"text":"formerly USGS Western Ecological Research Center, Santa Cruz Field Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":588608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70162297,"text":"70162297 - 2016 - Deferrisoma paleochoriense sp. nov., a thermophilic, iron(III)-reducing bacterium from a shallow-water hydrothermal vent in the Mediterranean Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-17T09:53:26","indexId":"70162297","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2076,"text":"International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deferrisoma paleochoriense sp. nov., a thermophilic, iron(III)-reducing bacterium from a shallow-water hydrothermal vent in the Mediterranean Sea","docAbstract":"A novel thermophilic, anaerobic, mixotrophic bacterium, designated strain MAG-PB1T, was isolated from a shallow-water hydrothermal vent system in Palaeochori Bay off the coast of the island of Milos, Greece. The cells were Gram-negative, rugose, short rods, approximately 1.0 μm long and 0.5 μm wide. Strain MAG-PB1T grew at 30–70 °C (optimum 60 °C), 0–50 g NaCl l− 1 (optimum 15–20 g l− 1) and pH 5.5–8.0 (optimum pH 6.0). Generation time under optimal conditions was 2.5 h. Optimal growth occurred under chemolithoautotrophic conditions with H2 as the energy source and CO2 as the carbon source. Fe(III), Mn(IV), arsenate and selenate were used as electron acceptors. Peptone, tryptone, Casamino acids, sucrose, yeast extract, d-fructose, α-d-glucose and ( − )-d-arabinose also served as electron donors. No growth occurred in the presence of lactate or formate. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 66.7 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that this organism is closely related to Deferrisoma camini, the first species of a recently described genus in the Deltaproteobacteria. Based on the 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic analysis and on physiological, biochemical and structural characteristics, the strain was found to represent a novel species, for which the name Deferrisoma palaeochoriense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MAG-PB1T ( = JCM 30394T = DSM 29363T).
\nClimatic conditions exert important control over the growth, productivity, and distribution of forests, and characterizing these relationships is essential for understanding how forest ecosystems will respond to climate change. We used dendrochronological methods to develop climate–growth relationships for two dominant species, Populus tremuloides (quaking aspen) and Pinus resinosa (red pine), in the upper Great Lakes region to understand how climate and water availability influence annual forest productivity. Trees were sampled along a topographic gradient at the Marcell Experimental Forest (Minnesota, USA) to assess growth response to variations in temperature and different water availability metrics (precipitation, potential evapotranspiration (PET), cumulative moisture index (CMI), and soil water storage). Climatic variables were able to explain 33–58% of the variation in annual growth (as measured by ring-width increment) for quaking aspen and 37–74% of the variation for red pine. Climate–growth relationships were influenced by topography for quaking aspen but not for red pine. Annual ring growth for quaking aspen decreased with June CMI on ridges, decreased with temperature in the November prior to the growing season on sideslopes, and decreased with June PET on toeslopes. Red pine growth increased with increasing July PET across all topographic positions. These results indicate the sensitivity of both quaking aspen and red pine to local climate and show several vulnerabilities of these species to shifts in water supply and temperature because of climate change.
","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons","doi":"10.1002/eco.1700","usgsCitation":"Dymond, S., D’Amato, A., Kolka, R., Bolstad, P., Sebestyen, S., and Bradford, J.B., 2016, Growth-climate relationships across topographic gradients in the northern Great Lakes: Ecohydrology, v. 9, no. 6, p. 918-929, https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1700.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"918","endPage":"929","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066811","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318973,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Marcell Experimental Forest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.52935791015625,\n 47.47521553520454\n ],\n [\n -93.52935791015625,\n 47.54756680933599\n ],\n [\n -93.41743469238281,\n 47.54756680933599\n ],\n [\n -93.41743469238281,\n 47.47521553520454\n ],\n [\n -93.52935791015625,\n 47.47521553520454\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56ed26b4e4b0f59b85db0a12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dymond, S.F.","contributorId":167646,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dymond","given":"S.F.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24789,"text":"Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":622995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"D’Amato, A.W.","contributorId":86577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Amato","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kolka, R.K.","contributorId":46332,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kolka","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13259,"text":"USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":622999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bolstad, P.V.","contributorId":88977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bolstad","given":"P.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sebestyen, S.D.","contributorId":16142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sebestyen","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70159802,"text":"70159802 - 2016 - A framework to assess biogeochemical response to ecosystem disturbance using nutrient partitioning ratios","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T17:37:32","indexId":"70159802","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-24T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A framework to assess biogeochemical response to ecosystem disturbance using nutrient partitioning ratios","docAbstract":"Disturbances affect almost all terrestrial ecosystems, but it has been difficult to identify general principles regarding these influences. To improve our understanding of the long-term consequences of disturbance on terrestrial ecosystems, we present a conceptual framework that analyzes disturbances by their biogeochemical impacts. We posit that the ratio of soil and plant nutrient stocks in mature ecosystems represents a characteristic site property. Focusing on nitrogen (N), we hypothesize that this partitioning ratio (soil N: plant N) will undergo a predictable trajectory after disturbance. We investigate the nature of this partitioning ratio with three approaches: (1) nutrient stock data from forested ecosystems in North America, (2) a process-based ecosystem model, and (3) conceptual shifts in site nutrient availability with altered disturbance frequency. Partitioning ratios could be applied to a variety of ecosystems and successional states, allowing for improved temporal scaling of disturbance events. The generally short-term empirical evidence for recovery trajectories of nutrient stocks and partitioning ratios suggests two areas for future research. First, we need to recognize and quantify how disturbance effects can be accreting or depleting, depending on whether their net effect is to increase or decrease ecosystem nutrient stocks. Second, we need to test how altered disturbance frequencies from the present state may be constructive or destructive in their effects on biogeochemical cycling and nutrient availability. Long-term studies, with repeated sampling of soils and vegetation, will be essential in further developing this framework of biogeochemical response to disturbance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10021-015-9934-1","usgsCitation":"Kranabetter, J.M., McLauchlan, K.K., Enders, S.K., Fraterrigo, J.M., Higuera, P., Morris, J.L., Rastetter, E.B., Barnes, R., Buma, B., Gavin, D.G., Gerhart, L.M., Gillson, L., Hietz, P., Mack, M., McNeil, B., and Perakis, S.S., 2016, A framework to assess biogeochemical response to ecosystem disturbance using nutrient partitioning ratios: Ecosystems, v. 19, no. 3, p. 387-395, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-015-9934-1.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"387","endPage":"395","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065126","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471424,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/7970","text":"External Repository"},{"id":311683,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56558a2ce4b071e7ea53ded9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kranabetter, J. Marty","contributorId":139164,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kranabetter","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Marty","affiliations":[{"id":12670,"text":"British Columbia Ministry of Natural Resources and Operations","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McLauchlan, Kendra K.","contributorId":7994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLauchlan","given":"Kendra","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Enders, Sara K.","contributorId":85499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Enders","given":"Sara","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fraterrigo, Jennifer M.","contributorId":150046,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fraterrigo","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Higuera, Philip E.","contributorId":100741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Higuera","given":"Philip E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Morris, Jesse L.","contributorId":44829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morris","given":"Jesse","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rastetter, Edward B.","contributorId":9227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rastetter","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Barnes, Rebecca","contributorId":150047,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnes","given":"Rebecca","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Buma, Brian","contributorId":30134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buma","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Gavin, Daniel G.","contributorId":98213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gavin","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Gerhart, Laci M.","contributorId":150048,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gerhart","given":"Laci","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Gillson, Lindsey","contributorId":150049,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gillson","given":"Lindsey","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Hietz, Peter","contributorId":150050,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hietz","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Mack, Michelle C.","contributorId":62114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mack","given":"Michelle C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"McNeil, Brenden","contributorId":150051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McNeil","given":"Brenden","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Perakis, Steven S. 0000-0003-0703-9314 sperakis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0703-9314","contributorId":145528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perakis","given":"Steven","email":"sperakis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}} ,{"id":70159960,"text":"70159960 - 2016 - Phylogenetic relationships of Iranian infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) based on the glycoprotein gene","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-19T11:53:59","indexId":"70159960","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":892,"text":"Archives of Virology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phylogenetic relationships of Iranian infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) based on the glycoprotein gene","docAbstract":"Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), a member of family Rhabdoviridae and genus Novirhabdoviridae, causes a highly lethal disease of salmon and trout. In Iran IHNV was first detected in 2001 on farms rearing rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). To evaluate the genetic relationships of IHNV from northern and western Iran, the sequences of a 651-nt region of the glycoprotein gene were determined for two Iranian isolates. These sequences were analyzed to evaluate their genetic relatedness to worldwide isolates representing the five known genogroups of IHNV. Iranian isolates were most closely related to European isolates within the genogroup E rather than those of North American genogroups U, M and L, or the Asian genogroup J. It appears that Iranian IHNV was most likely introduced to Iran from a source in Europe by the movement of contaminated fish eggs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00705-015-2684-8","usgsCitation":"Adel, M., Amiri, A.B., Dada, M., Kurath, G., Laktarashi, B., Ghajari, A., and Breyta, R., 2016, Phylogenetic relationships of Iranian infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) based on the glycoprotein gene: Archives of Virology, v. 161, no. 3, p. 657-663, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-015-2684-8.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"657","endPage":"663","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066527","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311941,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"161","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5662c755e4b06a3ea36c67c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Adel, Milad","contributorId":150269,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adel","given":"Milad","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17948,"text":"Department of Aquatic Animal Health and Diseases, Iranian Fisheries Research Center, Tehran, Iran","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Amiri, Alireza Babaalian","contributorId":150270,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amiri","given":"Alireza","email":"","middleInitial":"Babaalian","affiliations":[{"id":17949,"text":"Department of Aquatic Animal Health and Diseases, Iranian Veterinary Organization, Sari, Iran","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dada, Maryam","contributorId":150271,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dada","given":"Maryam","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17950,"text":"Center of Biotechnology and Biology Research, Chamran University Ahvaz, Iran","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":2629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Laktarashi, Bahram","contributorId":150272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laktarashi","given":"Bahram","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17951,"text":"Department of Aquatic Animal Health and Diseases, Iranian Veternary Organization, Sari, Iran","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ghajari, Amrolah","contributorId":150273,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ghajari","given":"Amrolah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17952,"text":"Department of Aquatic Animal Health and Diseases, Iranian Veterinary Organization, Thran, Iran","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Breyta, Rachel","contributorId":150355,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breyta","given":"Rachel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70160807,"text":"70160807 - 2016 - Effect of stocking sub-yearling Atlantic salmon on the habitat use of sub-yearling rainbow trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-11T11:04:17","indexId":"70160807","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of stocking sub-yearling Atlantic salmon on the habitat use of sub-yearling rainbow trout","docAbstract":"Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) restoration in the Lake Ontario watershed may depend on the species' ability to compete with naturalized non-native salmonids, including rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Lake Ontario tributaries. This study examined interspecific habitat associations between sub-yearling Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout as well as the effect of salmon stocking on trout habitat in two streams in the Lake Ontario watershed. In sympatry, Atlantic salmon occupied significantly faster velocities and deeper areas than rainbow trout. However, when examining the habitat use of rainbow trout at all allopatric and sympatric sites in both streams, trout habitat use was more diverse at the sympatric sites with an orientation for increased cover and larger substrate. In Grout Brook, where available habitat remained constant, there was evidence suggesting that trout may have shifted to slower and shallower water in the presence of salmon. The ability of sub-yearling Atlantic salmon to affect a habitat shift in rainbow trout may be due to their larger body size and/or larger pectoral fin size. Future studies examining competitive interactions between these species during their first year of stream residence should consider the size advantage that earlier emerging Atlantic salmon will have over rainbow trout.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2015.11.002","usgsCitation":"Johnson, J.H., 2016, Effect of stocking sub-yearling Atlantic salmon on the habitat use of sub-yearling rainbow trout: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 42, no. 1, p. 116-126, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2015.11.002.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"116","endPage":"126","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066886","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313132,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":313099,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2015.11.002"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Orwell Brook; Grout Brook","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.03663444519043,\n 43.583437423271334\n ],\n [\n -76.03852272033691,\n 43.578276820098864\n ],\n [\n -76.03775024414062,\n 43.572245193194306\n ],\n [\n -76.03714942932129,\n 43.56770552917119\n ],\n [\n -76.03766441345215,\n 43.56154845184283\n ],\n [\n -76.03835105895996,\n 43.55638597276051\n ],\n [\n -76.04135513305664,\n 43.5505387755674\n ],\n [\n -76.04633331298828,\n 43.546495169127084\n ],\n [\n -76.04779243469238,\n 43.54126918362085\n ],\n [\n -76.04830741882324,\n 43.53946486913873\n ],\n [\n -76.04667663574219,\n 43.53902933686358\n ],\n [\n -76.04264259338379,\n 43.54605968763826\n ],\n [\n -76.03740692138672,\n 43.54767717445222\n ],\n [\n -76.03199958801268,\n 43.554582110736824\n ],\n [\n -76.03337287902832,\n 43.56210821214949\n ],\n [\n -76.03354454040527,\n 43.57454598813078\n ],\n [\n -76.03483200073242,\n 43.583686115866215\n ],\n [\n -76.0367202758789,\n 43.584432187486684\n ],\n [\n -76.03663444519043,\n 43.583437423271334\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.27361297607422,\n 42.76516228327467\n ],\n [\n -76.27017974853516,\n 42.74171738972088\n ],\n [\n -76.25850677490234,\n 42.720029272904036\n ],\n [\n -76.2396240234375,\n 42.69808125234982\n ],\n [\n -76.22245788574219,\n 42.69252994883861\n ],\n [\n -76.2125015258789,\n 42.70237055608708\n ],\n [\n -76.22795104980469,\n 42.77801539483678\n ],\n [\n -76.23619079589842,\n 42.78809440020518\n ],\n [\n -76.24202728271484,\n 42.78607873040044\n ],\n [\n -76.27017974853516,\n 42.76743067325221\n ],\n [\n -76.27361297607422,\n 42.76516228327467\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"42","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56865fc3e4b0e7594ee74cbf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, James H. 0000-0002-5619-3871 jhjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5619-3871","contributorId":389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"James","email":"jhjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159785,"text":"70159785 - 2016 - Complex mixtures, complex responses: Assessing pharmaceutical mixtures using field and laboratory approaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T12:20:06","indexId":"70159785","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-23T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Complex mixtures, complex responses: Assessing pharmaceutical mixtures using field and laboratory approaches","docAbstract":"Pharmaceuticals are present in low concentrations (<100 ng/L) in most municipal wastewater effluents but may be elevated locally because of factors such as input from pharmaceutical formulation facilities. Using existing concentration data, the authors assessed pharmaceuticals in laboratory exposures of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) and added environmental complexity through effluent exposures. In the laboratory, larval and mature minnows were exposed to a simple opioid mixture (hydrocodone, methadone, and oxycodone), an opioid agonist (tramadol), a muscle relaxant (methocarbamol), a simple antidepressant mixture (fluoxetine, paroxetine, venlafaxine), a sleep aid (temazepam), or a complex mixture of all compounds. Larval minnow response to effluent exposure was not consistent. The 2010 exposures resulted in shorter exposed minnow larvae, whereas the larvae exposed in 2012 exhibited altered escape behavior. Mature minnows exhibited altered hepatosomatic indices, with the strongest effects in females and in mixture exposures. In addition, laboratory-exposed, mature male minnows exposed to all pharmaceuticals (except the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor mixture) defended nest sites less rigorously than fish in the control group. Tramadol or antidepressant mixture exposure resulted in increased splenic T lymphocytes. Only male minnows exposed to whole effluent responded with increased plasma vitellogenin concentrations. Female minnows exposed to pharmaceuticals (except the opioid mixture) had larger livers, likely as a compensatory result of greater prominence of vacuoles in liver hepatocytes. The observed alteration of apical endpoints central to sustaining fish populations confirms that effluents containing waste streams from pharmaceutical formulation facilities can adversely impact fish populations but that the effects may not be temporally consistent. The present study highlights the importance of including diverse biological endpoints spanning levels of biological organization and life stages when assessing contaminant interactions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.3147","usgsCitation":"Schoenfuss, H.L., Furlong, E.T., Phillips, P., Scott, T., Kolpin, D.W., Cetkovic-Cvrlje, M., Lesteberg, K.E., and Rearick, D.C., 2016, Complex mixtures, complex responses: Assessing pharmaceutical mixtures using field and laboratory approaches: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 35, no. 4, p. 953-965, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3147.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"953","endPage":"965","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066098","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311648,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565438a7e4b071e7ea53d48e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoenfuss, Heiko L.","contributorId":76409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schoenfuss","given":"Heiko","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13317,"text":"Saint Cloud State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Furlong, Edward T. 0000-0002-7305-4603 efurlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7305-4603","contributorId":740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Furlong","given":"Edward","email":"efurlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Phillips, Patrick J. pjphilli@usgs.gov","contributorId":149753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Patrick J.","email":"pjphilli@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scott, Tia-Marie 0000-0002-5677-0544 tia-mariescott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5677-0544","contributorId":5122,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"Tia-Marie","email":"tia-mariescott@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505 dwkolpin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":1239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana","email":"dwkolpin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cetkovic-Cvrlje, Marina","contributorId":150029,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cetkovic-Cvrlje","given":"Marina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lesteberg, Kelsey E.","contributorId":150030,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lesteberg","given":"Kelsey","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rearick, Daniel C.","contributorId":38897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rearick","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70159783,"text":"70159783 - 2016 - Effect of antecedent-hydrological conditions on rainfall triggering of debris flows in ash-fall pyroclastic mantled slopes of Campania (southern Italy)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-28T16:29:53","indexId":"70159783","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-23T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2604,"text":"Landslides","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of antecedent-hydrological conditions on rainfall triggering of debris flows in ash-fall pyroclastic mantled slopes of Campania (southern Italy)","docAbstract":"Mountainous areas surrounding the Campanian Plain and the Somma-Vesuvius volcano (southern Italy) are among the most risky areas of Italy due to the repeated occurrence of rainfallinduced debris flows along ash-fall pyroclastic soil-mantled slopes. In this geomorphological framework, rainfall patterns, hydrological processes taking place within multi-layered ash-fall pyroclastic deposits and soil antecedent moisture status are the principal factors to be taken into account to assess triggering rainfall conditions and the related hazard. This paper presents the outcomes of an experimental study based on integrated analyses consisting of the reconstruction of physical models of landslides, in situ hydrological monitoring, and hydrological and slope stability modeling, carried out on four representative source areas of debris flows that occurred in May 1998 in the Sarno Mountain Range. The hydrological monitoring was carried out during 2011 using nests of tensiometers and Watermark pressure head sensors and also through a rainfall and air temperature recording station. Time series of measured pressure head were used to calibrate a hydrological numerical model of the pyroclastic soil mantle for 2011, which was re-run for a 12-year period beginning in 2000, given the availability of rainfall and air temperature monitoring data. Such an approach allowed us to reconstruct the regime of pressure head at a daily time scale for a long period, which is representative of about 11 hydrologic years with different meteorological conditions. Based on this simulated time series, average winter and summer hydrological conditions were chosen to carry out hydrological and stability modeling of sample slopes and to identify Intensity- Duration rainfall thresholds by a deterministic approach. Among principal results, the opposing winter and summer antecedent pressure head (soil moisture) conditions were found to exert a significant control on intensity and duration of rainfall triggering events. Going from winter to summer conditions requires a strong increase of intensity and/or duration to induce landslides. The results identify an approach to account for different hazard conditions related to seasonality of hydrological processes inside the ash-fall pyroclastic soil mantle. Moreover, they highlight another important factor of uncertainty that potentially affects rainfall thresholds triggering shallow landslides reconstructed by empirical approaches.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10346-015-0647-5","usgsCitation":"Napolitano, E., Fusco, F., Baum, R.L., Godt, J.W., and De Vita, P., 2016, Effect of antecedent-hydrological conditions on rainfall triggering of debris flows in ash-fall pyroclastic mantled slopes of Campania (southern Italy): Landslides, v. 13, no. 5, p. 967-983, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-015-0647-5.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"967","endPage":"983","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070130","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311642,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Italy","state":"Campania","otherGeospatial":"Sarno Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 14.616279602050781,\n 40.84550208206526\n ],\n [\n 14.616279602050781,\n 40.89950086329285\n ],\n [\n 14.684257507324219,\n 40.89950086329285\n ],\n [\n 14.684257507324219,\n 40.84550208206526\n ],\n [\n 14.616279602050781,\n 40.84550208206526\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"565438a8e4b071e7ea53d490","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Napolitano, E.","contributorId":97401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Napolitano","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fusco, F","contributorId":150020,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fusco","given":"F","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baum, Rex L. 0000-0001-5337-1970 baum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1970","contributorId":1288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baum","given":"Rex","email":"baum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Godt, Jonathan W. 0000-0002-8737-2493 jgodt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8737-2493","contributorId":1166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godt","given":"Jonathan","email":"jgodt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"De Vita, P.","contributorId":26207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Vita","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70156837,"text":"70156837 - 2016 - Effect of permafrost thaw on the dynamics of lakes recharged by ice-jam floods: case study in Yukon Flats, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-07T13:55:54","indexId":"70156837","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of permafrost thaw on the dynamics of lakes recharged by ice-jam floods: case study in Yukon Flats, Alaska","docAbstract":"Large river floods are a key water source for many lakes in fluvial periglacial settings. Where permeable sediments occur, the distribution of permafrost may play an important role in the routing of floodwaters across a floodplain. This relationship is explored for lakes in the discontinuous permafrost of Yukon Flats, interior Alaska, using an analysis that integrates satellite-derived gradients in water surface elevation, knowledge of hydrogeology, and hydrologic modeling. We observed gradients in water surface elevation between neighboring lakes ranging from 0.001 to 0.004. These high gradients, despite a ubiquitous layer of continuous shallow gravel across the flats, are consistent with limited groundwater flow across lake basins resulting from the presence of permafrost. Permafrost impedes the propagation of floodwaters in the shallow subsurface and constrains transmission to “fill-and-spill” over topographic depressions (surface sills), as we observed for the Twelvemile-Buddy Lake pair following a May 2013 ice-jam flood on the Yukon River. Model results indicate that permafrost table deepening of 1–11 m in gravel, depending on watershed geometry and subsurface properties, could shift important routing of floodwater to lakes from overland flow (fill-and-spill) to shallow groundwater flow (“fill-and-seep”). Such a shift is possible in the next several hundred years of ground surface warming, and may bring about more synchronous water level changes between neighboring lakes following large flood events. This relationship offers a potentially useful tool, well-suited to remote sensing, for identifying long-term changes in shallow groundwater flow resulting from thawing of permafrost.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10756","usgsCitation":"Jepsen, S.M., Walvoord, M.A., Voss, C.I., and Rover, J.R., 2016, Effect of permafrost thaw on the dynamics of lakes recharged by ice-jam floods: case study in Yukon Flats, Alaska: Hydrological Processes, v. 30, no. 11, p. 1782-1795, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10756.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1782","endPage":"1795","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063664","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312749,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon Flats Wildlife Refuge of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -149.74365234374997,\n 66.26243417754857\n ],\n [\n -147.85400390625,\n 66.95587684341999\n ],\n [\n -147.06298828125,\n 67.02458758377148\n ],\n [\n -145.83251953125,\n 66.6137614931809\n ],\n [\n -145.546875,\n 66.64426812270932\n ],\n [\n -145.096435546875,\n 67.31021400255845\n ],\n [\n -144.16259765624997,\n 67.48333834982645\n ],\n [\n -143.492431640625,\n 67.1614280966097\n ],\n [\n -142.97607421875,\n 67.11874849517986\n ],\n [\n -141.844482421875,\n 67.15716352923295\n ],\n [\n -141.61376953125,\n 66.10271940699756\n ],\n [\n -142.965087890625,\n 65.98227002980873\n ],\n [\n -143.50341796875,\n 66.39915999849539\n ],\n [\n -144.107666015625,\n 66.32868478255796\n ],\n [\n -144.38232421875,\n 66.28453710088559\n ],\n [\n -143.931884765625,\n 65.9061387565849\n ],\n [\n -145.601806640625,\n 65.80277639340238\n ],\n [\n -147.1728515625,\n 65.93303449689425\n ],\n [\n -148.46923828125,\n 65.78475783804785\n ],\n [\n -149.117431640625,\n 65.70351820774201\n ],\n [\n -149.74365234374997,\n 66.26243417754857\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"567a823ae4b0a04ef490fcde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jepsen, Steve M.","contributorId":147212,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jepsen","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16805,"text":"University of California, Merced","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walvoord, Michelle Ann 0000-0003-4269-8366 walvoord@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4269-8366","contributorId":147211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walvoord","given":"Michelle","email":"walvoord@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Voss, Clifford I. 0000-0001-5923-2752 cvoss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-2752","contributorId":1559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Clifford","email":"cvoss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rover, Jennifer R. 0000-0002-3437-4030 jrover@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3437-4030","contributorId":2941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rover","given":"Jennifer","email":"jrover@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159735,"text":"70159735 - 2016 - Principles underlying the epizootiology of viral hemorrhagic septicemia in Pacific herring and other fishes throughout the North Pacific Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-25T16:28:55","indexId":"70159735","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-19T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Principles underlying the epizootiology of viral hemorrhagic septicemia in Pacific herring and other fishes throughout the North Pacific Ocean","docAbstract":"Although viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) typically occurs at low prevalence and intensity in natural populations of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) and other marine fishes in the Northeast Pacific Ocean, epizootics of the resulting disease (VHS) periodically occur, often in association with observed fish kills. Here we identify a list of principles, based on a combination of field studies, controlled laboratory experiments, and previously unpublished observations, that govern the epizootiology of VHS in Pacific herring. A thorough understanding of these principles provides the basis for identifying risk factors that predispose certain marine fish populations to VHS epizootics, including the lack of population resistance, presence of chronic viral carriers in a population, copious viral shedding by infected individuals, cool water temperatures, limited water circulation patterns, and gregarious host behavioral patterns. Further, these principles are used to define the epizootiological stages of the disease in Pacific herring, including the susceptible (where susceptible individuals predominate a school or subpopulation), enzootic (where infection prevalence and intensity are often below the limits of reasonable laboratory detection), disease amplification (where infection prevalence and intensity increase rapidly), outbreak (often accompanied by host mortalities with high virus loads and active shedding), recovery (in which the mortality rate and virus load decline owing to an active host immune response), and refractory stages (characterized by little or no susceptibility and where viral clearance occurs in most VHS survivors). In addition to providing a foundation for quantitatively assessing the potential risks of future VHS epizootics in Pacific herring, these principles provide insights into the epizootiology of VHS in other fish communities where susceptible species exist.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2015-0417","usgsCitation":"Hershberger, P., Garver, K.A., and Winton, J., 2016, Principles underlying the epizootiology of viral hemorrhagic septicemia in Pacific herring and other fishes throughout the North Pacific Ocean: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 73, no. 5, p. 853-859, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0417.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"853","endPage":"859","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067144","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471425,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1807/71449","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311561,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564ef2bbe4b064dd1d095562","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hershberger, Paul K. 0000-0002-2261-7760 phershberger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-7760","contributorId":140131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hershberger","given":"Paul K.","email":"phershberger@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Garver, Kyle A.","contributorId":149992,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garver","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17880,"text":"Fisheries and Oceans, Canada, Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, BC, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Winton, James R. jwinton@usgs.gov","contributorId":149757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"James R.","email":"jwinton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":580279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70160541,"text":"70160541 - 2016 - Water availability and land subsidence in the Central Valley, California, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-28T13:06:13","indexId":"70160541","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water availability and land subsidence in the Central Valley, California, USA","docAbstract":"The Central Valley in California (USA) covers about 52,000 km2 and is one of the most productive agricultural regions in the world. This agriculture relies heavily on surface-water diversions and groundwater pumpage to meet irrigation water demand. Because the valley is semi-arid and surface-water availability varies substantially, agriculture relies heavily on local groundwater. In the southern two thirds of the valley, the San Joaquin Valley, historic and recent groundwater pumpage has caused significant and extensive drawdowns, aquifer-system compaction and subsidence. During recent drought periods (2007–2009 and 2012-present), groundwater pumping has increased owing to a combination of decreased surface-water availability and land-use changes. Declining groundwater levels, approaching or surpassing historical low levels, have caused accelerated and renewed compaction and subsidence that likely is mostly permanent. The subsidence has caused operational, maintenance, and construction-design problems for water-delivery and flood-control canals in the San Joaquin Valley. Planning for the effects of continued subsidence in the area is important for water agencies. As land use, managed aquifer recharge, and surface-water availability continue to vary, long-term groundwater-level and subsidence monitoring and modelling are critical to understanding the dynamics of historical and continued groundwater use resulting in additional water-level and groundwater storage declines, and associated subsidence. Modeling tools such as the Central Valley Hydrologic Model, can be used in the evaluation of management strategies to mitigate adverse impacts due to subsidence while also optimizing water availability. This knowledge will be critical for successful implementation of recent legislation aimed toward sustainable groundwater use.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-015-1339-x","usgsCitation":"Faunt, C., Sneed, M., Traum, J.A., and Brandt, J.T., 2016, Water availability and land subsidence in the Central Valley, California, USA: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 24, no. 3, p. 675-684, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-015-1339-x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"675","endPage":"684","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067128","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471426,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-015-1339-x","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":312732,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Joaquin Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.26684570312499,\n 40.85537053192494\n ],\n [\n -121.86035156249999,\n 40.75557964275591\n ],\n [\n -121.75048828124999,\n 40.538851525354644\n ],\n [\n -121.640625,\n 40.26276066437183\n ],\n [\n -121.4208984375,\n 39.757879992021756\n ],\n [\n -121.014404296875,\n 39.0533181067413\n ],\n [\n -120.70678710937499,\n 38.38472766885085\n ],\n [\n -120.11352539062499,\n 37.83148014503288\n ],\n [\n -119.72900390625001,\n 37.43997405227057\n ],\n [\n -118.927001953125,\n 36.76529191711624\n ],\n [\n -118.564453125,\n 36.2354121683998\n ],\n [\n -118.43261718749999,\n 35.60371874069731\n ],\n [\n -118.487548828125,\n 35.06597313798418\n ],\n [\n -119.00390625,\n 34.786739162702524\n ],\n [\n -119.69604492187499,\n 34.939985151560435\n ],\n [\n -120.59692382812499,\n 35.8356283888737\n ],\n [\n -121.73950195312499,\n 37.43997405227057\n ],\n [\n -122.44262695312501,\n 38.70265930723801\n ],\n [\n -123.211669921875,\n 40.111688665595956\n ],\n [\n -123.06884765625,\n 40.85537053192494\n ],\n [\n -122.67333984374999,\n 41.03793062246529\n ],\n [\n -122.26684570312499,\n 40.85537053192494\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"567a8246e4b0a04ef490fd20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faunt, Claudia C. 0000-0001-5659-7529 ccfaunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5659-7529","contributorId":150147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faunt","given":"Claudia C.","email":"ccfaunt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sneed, Michelle 0000-0002-8180-382X micsneed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8180-382X","contributorId":155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sneed","given":"Michelle","email":"micsneed@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Traum, Jonathan A. 0000-0002-4787-3680 jtraum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4787-3680","contributorId":4780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Traum","given":"Jonathan","email":"jtraum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brandt, Justin T. 0000-0002-9397-6824 jbrandt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9397-6824","contributorId":157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brandt","given":"Justin","email":"jbrandt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159607,"text":"70159607 - 2016 - The conservation genetics juggling act: Integrating genetics and ecology, science and policy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T17:37:12","indexId":"70159607","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-16T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1601,"text":"Evolutionary Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The conservation genetics juggling act: Integrating genetics and ecology, science and policy","docAbstract":"The field of conservation genetics, when properly implemented, is a constant juggling act integrating molecular genetics, ecology, and demography with applied aspects concerning managing declining species or implementing conservation laws and policies. This young field has grown substantially since the 1980’s following development of the polymerase chain reaction and now into the genomics era. Our lab has “grown up” with the field, having worked on these issues for over three decades. Our multi-disciplinary approach entails understanding the behavior and ecology of species as well as the underlying processes that contribute to genetic viability. Taking this holistic approach provides a comprehensive understanding of factors that influence species persistence and evolutionary potential while considering annual challenges that occur throughout their life cycle. As a federal lab, we are often addressing the needs of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in their efforts to list, de-list or recover species. Nevertheless, there remains an overall communication gap between research geneticists and biologists who are charged with implementing their results. Therefore, we outline the need for a National Center for Small Population Biology to ameliorate this problem and provide organizations charged with making status decisions firmer ground from which to make their critical decisions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Publishing Ltd","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1111/eva.12337","usgsCitation":"Haig, S.M., Miller, M.P., Bellinger, R., Draheim, H.M., Mercer, D., and Mullins, T.D., 2016, The conservation genetics juggling act: Integrating genetics and ecology, science and policy: Evolutionary Applications, v. 9, no. 1, p. 181-195, https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12337.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"181","endPage":"195","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064615","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471427,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12337","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311376,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564afe37e4b0ebfbef0d311a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Mark P. 0000-0003-1045-1772 mpmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1045-1772","contributorId":1967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Mark","email":"mpmiller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":38131,"text":"WMA - Office of Planning and Programming","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bellinger, Renee","contributorId":149823,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bellinger","given":"Renee","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13351,"text":"University of Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Draheim, Hope M.","contributorId":100711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Draheim","given":"Hope","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mercer, Dacey","contributorId":89034,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mercer","given":"Dacey","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mullins, Thomas D. 0000-0001-8948-9604 tom_mullins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8948-9604","contributorId":149824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mullins","given":"Thomas","email":"tom_mullins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70159701,"text":"70159701 - 2016 - Averaged 30 year climate change projections mask opportunities for species establishment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-01T16:06:52","indexId":"70159701","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-16T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1445,"text":"Ecography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Averaged 30 year climate change projections mask opportunities for species establishment","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"wiley","doi":"10.1111/ecog.02074","usgsCitation":"Serra-Diaz, J.M., Franklin, J., Sweet, L.C., McCullough, I.M., Syphard, A.D., Regan, H.M., Flint, L.E., Flint, A.L., Dingman, J., Moritz, M., Redmond, K.T., Hannah, L., and Davis, F., 2016, Averaged 30 year climate change projections mask opportunities for species establishment: Ecography, v. 39, no. 9, p. 844-845, https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.02074.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"844","endPage":"845","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069680","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471428,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9d92f5qv","text":"External Repository"},{"id":311474,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564daf44e4b0112df6c62dec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Serra-Diaz, Josep M.","contributorId":149950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Serra-Diaz","given":"Josep","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6607,"text":"Arizona State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Franklin, Janet","contributorId":90833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franklin","given":"Janet","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sweet, Lynn C.","contributorId":149951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sweet","given":"Lynn","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCullough, Ian M.","contributorId":149952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCullough","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Syphard, Alexandra D.","contributorId":8977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Syphard","given":"Alexandra","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Regan, Helen M.","contributorId":149953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regan","given":"Helen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Flint, Lorraine E. 0000-0002-7868-441X lflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-441X","contributorId":1184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Lorraine","email":"lflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580129,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Flint, Alan L. 0000-0002-5118-751X aflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5118-751X","contributorId":1492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Alan","email":"aflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Dingman, John jdingman@usgs.gov","contributorId":5431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dingman","given":"John","email":"jdingman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":580145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Moritz, Max A.","contributorId":57586,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moritz","given":"Max A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Redmond, Kelly T.","contributorId":45677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Redmond","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Hannah, Lee","contributorId":147796,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hannah","given":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":16938,"text":"Conservation International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Davis, Frank W.","contributorId":70273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Frank W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70159687,"text":"70159687 - 2016 - Drifting to oblivion? Rapid genetic differentiation in an endangered lizard following habitat fragmentation and drought","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-03T11:03:26","indexId":"70159687","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-13T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1399,"text":"Diversity and Distributions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Drifting to oblivion? Rapid genetic differentiation in an endangered lizard following habitat fragmentation and drought","docAbstract":"The frequency and severity of habitat alterations and disturbance are predicted to increase in upcoming decades, and understanding how disturbance affects population integrity is paramount for adaptive management. Although rarely is population genetic sampling conducted at multiple time points, pre- and post-disturbance comparisons may provide one of the clearest methods to measure these impacts. We examined how genetic properties of the federally threatened Coachella Valley fringe-toed lizard (Uma inornata) responded to severe drought and habitat fragmentation across its range.
\nCoachella Valley, California, USA.
\nWe used 11 microsatellites to examine population genetic structure and diversity in 1996 and 2008, before and after a historic drought. We used Bayesian assignment methods and F-statistics to estimate genetic structure. We compared allelic richness across years to measure loss of genetic diversity and employed approximate Bayesian computing methods and heterozygote excess tests to explore the recent demographic history of populations. Finally, we compared effective population size across years and to abundance estimates to determine whether diversity remained low despite post-drought recovery.
\nGenetic structure increased between sampling periods, likely as a result of population declines during the historic drought of the late 1990s–early 2000s, and habitat loss and fragmentation that precluded post-drought genetic rescue. Simulations supported recent demographic declines in 3 of 4 main preserves, and in one preserve, we detected significant loss of allelic richness. Effective population sizes were generally low across the range, with estimates ≤100 in most sites.
\nFragmentation and drought appear to have acted synergistically to induce genetic change over a short time frame. Progressive deterioration of connectivity, low Ne and measurable loss of genetic diversity suggest that conservation efforts have not maintained the genetic integrity of this species. Genetic sampling over time can help evaluate population trends to guide management.
\nClimate change is altering the timing and magnitude of biogeochemical fluxes in many high elevation ecosystems. The consequent changes in alpine nitrification rates have the potential to influence ecosystem scale responses. In order to better understand how changing temperature and moisture conditions may influence ammonia oxidizers and nitrification activity, we conducted laboratory incubations on soils collected in a Colorado watershed from three alpine habitats (glacial outwash, talus, and meadow). We found that bacteria, not archaea, dominated all ammonia oxidizer communities. Nitrification increased with moisture in all soils and under all temperature treatments. However, temperature was not correlated with nitrification rates in all soils. Site-specific temperature trends suggest the development of generalist ammonia oxidizer communities in soils with greater in situ temperature fluctuations and specialists in soils with more steady temperature regimes. Rapidly increasing temperatures and changing soil moisture conditions could explain recent observations of increased nitrate production in some alpine soils.
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alkalinity, dissolved carbon dioxide (dCO2), and pH are critical in marine recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) in order to maintain health and maximize growth. A small-scale prototype aragonite sand filled fluidized bed reactor was tested under varying conditions of alkalinity and dCO2 to develop and model the response of dCO2 across the reactor. A large-scale reactor was then incorporated into an operating marine recirculating aquaculture system to observe the reactor as the system moved toward equilibrium. The relationship between alkalinity dCO2, and pH across the reactor are described by multiple regression equations. The change in dCO2 across the small-scale reactor indicated a strong likelihood that an equilibrium alkalinity would be maintained by using a fluidized bed aragonite reactor. The large-scale reactor verified this observation and established equilibrium at an alkalinity of approximately 135 mg/L as CaCO3, dCO2 of 9 mg/L, and a pH of 7.0 within 4 days that was stable during a 14 day test period. The fluidized bed aragonite reactor has the potential to simplify alkalinity and pH control, and aid in dCO2 control in RAS design and operation. Aragonite sand, purchased in bulk, is less expensive than sodium bicarbonate and could reduce overall operating production costs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaeng.2015.10.001","usgsCitation":"Wills, P.S., Pfeiffer, T., Baptiste, R., and Watten, B.J., 2016, Application of a fluidized bed reactor charged with aragonite for control of alkalinity, pH and carbon dioxide in marine recirculating aquaculture systems: Aquacultural Engineering, v. 70, p. 81-85, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2015.10.001.","startPage":"81","endPage":"85","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068459","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471430,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2015.10.001","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311210,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5645b885e4b0e2669b30f1c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wills, Paul S","contributorId":149707,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wills","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"S","affiliations":[{"id":15312,"text":"Florida Atlantic University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pfeiffer, Timothy","contributorId":149708,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pfeiffer","given":"Timothy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579208,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baptiste, Richard","contributorId":149709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baptiste","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Watten, Barnaby J. 0000-0002-2227-8623 bwatten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2227-8623","contributorId":2002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watten","given":"Barnaby","email":"bwatten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159551,"text":"70159551 - 2016 - Egg laying sequence influences egg mercury concentrations and egg size in three bird species: Implications for contaminant monitoring programs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T12:31:25","indexId":"70159551","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-12T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Egg laying sequence influences egg mercury concentrations and egg size in three bird species: Implications for contaminant monitoring programs","docAbstract":"Bird eggs are commonly used in contaminant monitoring programs and toxicological risk assessments, but intra-clutch variation and sampling methodology could influence interpretability. We examined the influence of egg laying sequence on egg mercury concentrations and burdens in American avocets, black-necked stilts, and Forster's terns. The average decline in mercury concentrations between the first and last egg laid was 33% for stilts, 22% for terns, and 11% for avocets, and most of this decline occurred between the first and second eggs laid (24% for stilts, 18% for terns, and 9% for avocets). Trends in egg size with egg laying order were inconsistent among species and overall differences in egg volume, mass, length, and width were <3%. We summarized the literature and, among 17 species studied, mercury concentrations generally declined by 16% between the first and second eggs laid. Despite the strong effect of egg laying sequence, most of the variance in egg mercury concentrations still occurred among clutches (75%-91%) rather than within clutches (9%-25%). Using simulations, we determined that to accurately estimate a population's mean egg mercury concentration using only a single random egg from a subset of nests, it would require sampling >60 nests to represent a large population (10% accuracy) or ≥14 nests to represent a small colony that contained <100 nests (20% accuracy).
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.3291","usgsCitation":"Ackerman, J., Eagles-Smith, C.A., Herzog, M.P., Yee, J.L., and Hartman, C.A., 2016, Egg laying sequence influences egg mercury concentrations and egg size in three bird species: Implications for contaminant monitoring programs: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 35, no. 6, p. 1458-1469, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3291.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1458","endPage":"1469","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069989","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311204,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5645b886e4b0e2669b30f1ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":579506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Herzog, Mark P. 0000-0002-5203-2835 mherzog@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5203-2835","contributorId":131110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herzog","given":"Mark","email":"mherzog@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":579508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yee, Julie L. 0000-0003-1782-157X julie_yee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1782-157X","contributorId":3246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yee","given":"Julie","email":"julie_yee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hartman, C. Alex 0000-0002-7222-1633 chartman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7222-1633","contributorId":131109,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartman","given":"C.","email":"chartman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alex","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":579510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ]}