Increases in sea level are a threat to seaward fringing mangrove forests if levels of inundation exceed the physiological tolerance of the trees; however, tidal wetlands can keep pace with sea level rise if soil surface elevations can increase at the same pace as sea level rise. Sediment accretion on the soil surface and belowground production of roots are proposed to increase with increasing sea level, enabling intertidal habitats to maintain their position relative to mean sea level, but there are few tests of these predictions in mangrove forests. Here we used variation in sea level and the availability of sediments caused by seasonal and inter-annual variation in the intensity of La Nina-El Nino to assess the effects of increasing sea level on surface elevation gains and contributing processes (accretion on the surface, subsidence and root growth) in mangrove forests. We found that soil surface elevation increased with mean sea level (which varied over 250 mm during the study) and with turbidity at sites where fine sediment in the water column is abundant. In contrast, where sediments were sandy, rates of surface elevation gain were high, but not significantly related to variation in turbidity, and were likely to be influenced by other factors that deliver sand to the mangrove forest. Root growth was not linked to soil surface elevation gains, although it was associated with reduced shallow subsidence, and therefore may contribute to the capacity of mangroves to keep pace with sea level rise. Our results indicate both surface (sedimentation) and subsurface (root growth) processes can influence mangrove capacity to keep pace with sea level rise within the same geographic location, and that current models of tidal marsh responses to sea level rise capture the major feature of the response of mangroves where fine, but not coarse, sediments are abundant.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2014.11.026","usgsCitation":"Lovelock, C.E., Fernanda Adame, M., Bennion, V., Hayes, M., Reef, R., Santini, N., and Cahoon, D.R., 2015, Sea level and turbidity controls on mangrove soil surface elevation change: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 153, p. 1-9, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2014.11.026.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059638","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326619,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"153","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b58b58e4b03bcb0104bc64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lovelock, Catherine E.","contributorId":64787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovelock","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fernanda Adame, Maria","contributorId":131125,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fernanda Adame","given":"Maria","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bennion, Vicki","contributorId":12174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennion","given":"Vicki","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hayes, Matthew","contributorId":173749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayes","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reef, Ruth","contributorId":44826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reef","given":"Ruth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Santini, Nadia","contributorId":131126,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Santini","given":"Nadia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cahoon, Donald R. 0000-0002-2591-5667 dcahoon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2591-5667","contributorId":3791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cahoon","given":"Donald","email":"dcahoon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":645721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70174839,"text":"70174839 - 2015 - Point spread functions for earthquake source imaging: An interpretation based on seismic interferometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-18T14:03:58","indexId":"70174839","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Point spread functions for earthquake source imaging: An interpretation based on seismic interferometry","docAbstract":"Recently, various methods have been proposed and applied for earthquake source imaging, and theoretical relationships among the methods have been studied. In this study, we make a follow-up theoretical study to better understand the meanings of earthquake source imaging. For imaging problems, the point spread function (PSF) is used to describe the degree of blurring and degradation in an obtained image of a target object as a response of an imaging system. In this study, we formulate PSFs for earthquake source imaging. By calculating the PSFs, we find that waveform source inversion methods remove the effect of the PSF and are free from artifacts. However, the other source imaging methods are affected by the PSF and suffer from the effect of blurring and degradation due to the restricted distribution of receivers. Consequently, careful treatment of the effect is necessary when using the source imaging methods other than waveform inversions. Moreover, the PSF for source imaging is found to have a link with seismic interferometry with the help of the source-receiver reciprocity of Green’s functions. In particular, the PSF can be related to Green’s function for cases in which receivers are distributed so as to completely surround the sources. Furthermore, the PSF acts as a low-pass filter. Given these considerations, the PSF is quite useful for understanding the physical meaning of earthquake source imaging.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society","publisherLocation":"Oxford, United Kingdom","doi":"10.1093/gji/ggv109","usgsCitation":"Nakahara, H., and Haney, M.M., 2015, Point spread functions for earthquake source imaging: An interpretation based on seismic interferometry: Geophysical Journal International, v. 202, no. 1, p. 54-61, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggv109.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"54","endPage":"61","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060985","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471973,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggv109","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":325375,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"202","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"578dfdb5e4b0f1bea0e0f8c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nakahara, Hisashi","contributorId":27332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakahara","given":"Hisashi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642729,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haney, Matthew M. 0000-0003-3317-7884 mhaney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3317-7884","contributorId":172948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haney","given":"Matthew","email":"mhaney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70176119,"text":"70176119 - 2015 - Exposure and food web transfer of pharmaceuticals in ospreys (Pandion haliaetus): Predictive model and empirical data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T15:59:22","indexId":"70176119","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2006,"text":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exposure and food web transfer of pharmaceuticals in ospreys (Pandion haliaetus): Predictive model and empirical data","docAbstract":"The osprey (Pandion haliaetus) is a well-known sentinel of environmental contamination, yet no studies have traced pharmaceuticals through the water–fish–osprey food web. A screening-level exposure assessment was used to evaluate the bioaccumulation potential of 113 pharmaceuticals and metabolites, and an artificial sweetener in this food web. Hypothetical concentrations in water reflecting “wastewater effluent dominated” or “dilution dominated” scenarios were combined with pH-specific bioconcentration factors (BCFs) to predict uptake in fish. Residues in fish and osprey food intake rate were used to calculate the daily intake (DI) of compounds by an adult female osprey. Fourteen pharmaceuticals and a drug metabolite with a BCF greater than 100 and a DI greater than 20 µg/kg were identified as being most likely to exceed the adult human therapeutic dose (HTD). These 15 compounds were also evaluated in a 40 day cumulative dose exposure scenario using first-order kinetics to account for uptake and elimination. Assuming comparable absorption to humans, the half-lives (t1/2) for an adult osprey to reach the HTD within 40 days were calculated. For 3 of these pharmaceuticals, the estimated t1/2 in ospreys was less than that for humans, and thus an osprey might theoretically reach or exceed the HTD in 3 to 7 days. To complement the exposure model, 24 compounds were quantified in water, fish plasma, and osprey nestling plasma from 7 potentially impaired locations in Chesapeake Bay. Of the 18 analytes detected in water, 8 were found in fish plasma, but only 1 in osprey plasma (the antihypertensive diltiazem). Compared to diltiazem detection rate and concentrations in water (10/12 detects, <method detection limits [MDL]–173 ng/L), there was a lower detection frequency in fish (31/233 detects, <MDL–2400 ng/L); however when present in fish, all values exceeded the maximum diltiazem concentration found in water. Diltiazem was found in all 69 osprey plasma samples (540–8630 ng/L), with 41% of these samples exceeding maximum concentrations found in fish. Diltiazem levels in fish and osprey plasma were below the human therapeutic plasma concentration (30 000 ng/L). Effect thresholds for diltiazem are unknown in ospreys at this time, and there is no evidence to suggest adverse effects. This screening-level exposure model can help identify those compounds that warrant further investigation in high-trophic level species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ieam.1570","usgsCitation":"Lazarus, R.S., Rattner, B.A., Du, B., McGowan, P.C., Blazer, V., and Ottinger, M.A., 2015, Exposure and food web transfer of pharmaceuticals in ospreys (Pandion haliaetus): Predictive model and empirical data: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, v. 11, no. 1, p. 118-129, https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1570.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"118","endPage":"129","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057952","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327898,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c16836e4b0f2f0ceb907db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lazarus, Rebecca S. 0000-0003-1731-6469 rlazarus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1731-6469","contributorId":5594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lazarus","given":"Rebecca","email":"rlazarus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":647180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843 brattner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":4142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett","email":"brattner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Du, Bowen","contributorId":149285,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Du","given":"Bowen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16605,"text":"Department of Environmental Science and the Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research (CRASR), Baylor University, Waco, TX","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McGowan, Peter C.","contributorId":13867,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGowan","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Blazer, Vicki S. 0000-0001-6647-9614 vblazer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-9614","contributorId":150384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blazer","given":"Vicki S.","email":"vblazer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ottinger, Mary Ann","contributorId":26422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ottinger","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70173448,"text":"70173448 - 2015 - Spatial and temporal variability in growth of southern flounder (Paralichthys lethostigma)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-20T12:50:02","indexId":"70173448","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1661,"text":"Fisheries Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal variability in growth of southern flounder (Paralichthys lethostigma)","docAbstract":"Delineation of stock structure is important for understanding the ecology and management of many fish populations, particularly those with wide-ranging distributions and high levels of harvest. Southern flounder (Paralichthys lethostigma) is a popular commercial and recreational species along the southeast Atlantic coast and Gulf of Mexico, USA. Recent studies have provided genetic and otolith morphology evidence that the Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Ocean stocks differ. Using age and growth data from four states (Texas, Alabama, South Carolina, and North Carolina) we expanded upon the traditional von Bertalanffy model in order to compare growth rates of putative geographic stocks of southern flounder. We improved the model fitting process by adding a hierarchical Bayesian framework to allow each parameter to vary spatially or temporally as a random effect, as well as log transforming the three model parameters (L∞, K, andt0). Multiple comparisons of parameters showed that growth rates varied (even within states) for females, but less for males. Growth rates were also consistent through time, when long-term data were available. Since within-basin populations are thought to be genetically well-mixed, our results suggest that consistent small-scale environmental conditions (i.e., within estuaries) likely drive growth rates and should be considered when developing broader scale management plans.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.fishres.2015.03.009","usgsCitation":"Midway, S.R., Wagner, T., Arnott, S.A., Biondo, P., Martinez-Andrade, F., and Wadsworth, T.F., 2015, Spatial and temporal variability in growth of southern flounder (Paralichthys lethostigma): Fisheries Research, v. 167, p. 323-332, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2015.03.009.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"323","endPage":"332","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057170","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323997,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"167","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913e7e4b07657d19ff26e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Midway, Stephen R.","contributorId":172159,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Midway","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wagner, Tyler 0000-0003-1726-016X twagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-016X","contributorId":1050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tyler","email":"twagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arnott, Stephen A.","contributorId":172168,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arnott","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Biondo, Patrick","contributorId":172169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Biondo","given":"Patrick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Martinez-Andrade, Fernando","contributorId":172170,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martinez-Andrade","given":"Fernando","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wadsworth, Thomas F.","contributorId":172171,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wadsworth","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70174152,"text":"70174152 - 2015 - Linking state-and-transition simulation and timber supply models for forest biomass production scenarios","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-20T12:54:49","indexId":"70174152","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3893,"text":"AIMS Environmental Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking state-and-transition simulation and timber supply models for forest biomass production scenarios","docAbstract":"We linked state-and-transition simulation models (STSMs) with an economics-based timber supply model to examine landscape dynamics in North Carolina through 2050 for three scenarios of forest biomass production. Forest biomass could be an important source of renewable energy in the future, but there is currently much uncertainty about how biomass production would impact landscapes. In the southeastern US, if forests become important sources of biomass for bioenergy, we expect increased land-use change and forest management. STSMs are ideal for simulating these landscape changes, but the amounts of change will depend on drivers such as timber prices and demand for forest land, which are best captured with forest economic models. We first developed state-and-transition model pathways in the ST-Sim software platform for 49 vegetation and land-use types that incorporated each expected type of landscape change. Next, for the three biomass production scenarios, the SubRegional Timber Supply Model (SRTS) was used to determine the annual areas of thinning and harvest in five broad forest types, as well as annual areas converted among those forest types, agricultural, and urban lands. The SRTS output was used to define area targets for STSMs in ST-Sim under two scenarios of biomass production and one baseline, business-as-usual scenario. We show that ST-Sim output matched SRTS targets in most cases. Landscape dynamics results indicate that, compared with the baseline scenario, forest biomass production leads to more forest and, specifically, more intensively managed forest on the landscape by 2050. Thus, the STSMs, informed by forest economics models, provide important information about potential landscape effects of bioenergy production.
","language":"English","publisher":"AIMS Press","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2015.2.180","usgsCitation":"Costanza, J., Abt, R.C., McKerrow, A., and Collazo, J., 2015, Linking state-and-transition simulation and timber supply models for forest biomass production scenarios: AIMS Environmental Science, v. 2, no. 2, p. 180-202, https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2015.2.180.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"180","endPage":"202","ipdsId":"IP-063156","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38315,"text":"GAP Analysis Project","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471975,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2015.2.180","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328360,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d28bade4b0571647d0f934","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Costanza, Jennifer","contributorId":74689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Costanza","given":"Jennifer","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Abt, Robert C.","contributorId":174475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Abt","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McKerrow, Alexa 0000-0002-8312-2905 amckerrow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8312-2905","contributorId":127753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKerrow","given":"Alexa","email":"amckerrow@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":208,"text":"Core Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Collazo, Jaime jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collazo","given":"Jaime","email":"jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":640999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70188037,"text":"70188037 - 2015 - Parameter estimation for groundwater models under uncertain irrigation data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-31T14:13:05","indexId":"70188037","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Parameter estimation for groundwater models under uncertain irrigation data","docAbstract":"The success of modeling groundwater is strongly influenced by the accuracy of the model parameters that are used to characterize the subsurface system. However, the presence of uncertainty and possibly bias in groundwater model source/sink terms may lead to biased estimates of model parameters and model predictions when the standard regression-based inverse modeling techniques are used. This study first quantifies the levels of bias in groundwater model parameters and predictions due to the presence of errors in irrigation data. Then, a new inverse modeling technique called input uncertainty weighted least-squares (IUWLS) is presented for unbiased estimation of the parameters when pumping and other source/sink data are uncertain. The approach uses the concept of generalized least-squares method with the weight of the objective function depending on the level of pumping uncertainty and iteratively adjusted during the parameter optimization process. We have conducted both analytical and numerical experiments, using irrigation pumping data from the Republican River Basin in Nebraska, to evaluate the performance of ordinary least-squares (OLS) and IUWLS calibration methods under different levels of uncertainty of irrigation data and calibration conditions. The result from the OLS method shows the presence of statistically significant (p < 0.05) bias in estimated parameters and model predictions that persist despite calibrating the models to different calibration data and sample sizes. However, by directly accounting for the irrigation pumping uncertainties during the calibration procedures, the proposed IUWLS is able to minimize the bias effectively without adding significant computational burden to the calibration processes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12235","usgsCitation":"Demissie, Y., Valocchi, A.J., Cai, X., Brozovic, N., Senay, G., and Gebremichael, M., 2015, Parameter estimation for groundwater models under uncertain irrigation data: Groundwater, v. 53, no. 4, p. 614-625, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12235.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"614","endPage":"625","ipdsId":"IP-057423","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341951,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-07-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"592fd63ee4b0e9bd0ea896fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Demissie, Yonas","contributorId":192369,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Demissie","given":"Yonas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Valocchi, Albert J.","contributorId":25062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valocchi","given":"Albert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cai, Ximing","contributorId":149230,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cai","given":"Ximing","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17685,"text":"University of Illinois, Champagne-Urbana","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":696800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brozovic, Nicholas","contributorId":192552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brozovic","given":"Nicholas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":166812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":696290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gebremichael, Mekonnen","contributorId":147882,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gebremichael","given":"Mekonnen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70187289,"text":"70187289 - 2015 - Transport, dam passage, and size selection of adult Atlantic Salmon in the Penobscot River, Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-27T16:37:51","indexId":"70187289","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Transport, dam passage, and size selection of adult Atlantic Salmon in the Penobscot River, Maine","docAbstract":"Prior to 2012, returning adult Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar had to pass through fishways at three dams in the lower section of the Penobscot River, Maine: Veazie Dam (river kilometer [rkm] 48; removed in 2013), Great Works Dam (rkm 60; removed in 2012), and Milford Dam (rkm 62). To facilitate better passage through the lower river, a fish transport program was implemented in 2010 and 2011. Fish were captured at Veazie Dam and were either transported by truck above Milford Dam (TRKD group) or released into the head pond above Veazie Dam (run-of-the-river [ROR] group). To assess the efficacy of transport, we used PIT telemetry to compare the performance and passage of TRKD and ROR fish based on their (1) success in reaching one of the three dams upstream of Milford Dam, (2) time taken to reach an upstream dam (transit time), and (3) success in passing that upstream dam. In both years, the percentage of fish detected at upstream dams was higher for the TRKD group (82.4% in 2010; 78.6% in 2011) than for the ROR group (41.3% in 2010; 22.4% in 2011). In addition, median transit time was faster for TRKD fish (7 d in 2010; 5 d in 2011) than for ROR fish (23 d in 2010; 25 d in 2011). However, passage success through the upstream dams did not differ between the two release groups. Our analysis also revealed a strong, negative size-selective force on dam passage: larger fish were consistently less likely to successfully pass dams than smaller fish. Finally, environmental conditions also influenced passage success. Our analysis shows that the transport of adult Atlantic Salmon can be an effective means by which to increase migration success in systems where upstream passage is poor.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2015.1099578","usgsCitation":"Sigourney, D.B., Zydlewski, J.D., Hughes, E., and Cox, O., 2015, Transport, dam passage, and size selection of adult Atlantic Salmon in the Penobscot River, Maine: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 35, no. 6, p. 1164-1176, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2015.1099578.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1164","endPage":"1176","ipdsId":"IP-050971","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340545,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","otherGeospatial":"Penobscot River basin","volume":"35","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59030327e4b0e862d230f73b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sigourney, Douglas B.","contributorId":103068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sigourney","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":693220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hughes, Edward","contributorId":191500,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hughes","given":"Edward","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cox, Oliver","contributorId":169717,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cox","given":"Oliver","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70187119,"text":"70187119 - 2015 - Tracing the cycling and fate of the explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in coastal marine systems with a stable isotopic tracer, 15N-[TNT]","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T16:01:59","indexId":"70187119","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Tracing the cycling and fate of the explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in coastal marine systems with a stable isotopic tracer, 15N-[TNT]","title":"Tracing the cycling and fate of the explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in coastal marine systems with a stable isotopic tracer, 15N-[TNT]","docAbstract":"2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) has been used as a military explosive for over a hundred years. Contamination concerns have arisen as a result of manufacturing and use on a large scale; however, despite decades of work addressing TNT contamination in the environment, its fate in marine ecosystems is not fully resolved. Here we examine the cycling and fate of TNT in the coastal marine systems by spiking a marine mesocosm containing seawater, sediments, and macrobiota with isotopically labeled TNT (15N-[TNT]), simultaneously monitoring removal, transformation, mineralization, sorption, and biological uptake over a period of 16 days. TNT degradation was rapid, and we observed accumulation of reduced transformation products dissolved in the water column and in pore waters, sorbed to sediments and suspended particulate matter (SPM), and in the tissues of macrobiota. Bulk δ15N analysis of sediments, SPM, and tissues revealed large quantities of 15N beyond that accounted for in identifiable derivatives. TNT-derived N was also found in the dissolved inorganic N (DIN) pool. Using multivariate statistical analysis and a 15N mass balance approach, we identify the major transformation pathways of TNT, including the deamination of reduced TNT derivatives, potentially promoted by sorption to SPM and oxic surface sediments.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b02907","usgsCitation":"Smith, R.W., Vlahos, P., Bohlke, J., Ariyarathna, T., Ballentine, M., Cooper, C., Fallis, S., Groshens, T.J., and Tobias, C.R., 2015, Tracing the cycling and fate of the explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in coastal marine systems with a stable isotopic tracer, 15N-[TNT]: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 49, no. 20, p. 12223-12231, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b02907.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"12223","endPage":"12231","ipdsId":"IP-068873","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340172,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"20","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ff0ea3e4b006455f2d61e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Richard W.","contributorId":191276,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vlahos, Penny","contributorId":191277,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vlahos","given":"Penny","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bohlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":191103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J.K.","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ariyarathna, Thivanka","contributorId":191278,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ariyarathna","given":"Thivanka","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ballentine, Mark","contributorId":191279,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ballentine","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cooper, Christopher","contributorId":191280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooper","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fallis, Stephen","contributorId":191281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fallis","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Groshens, Thomas J.","contributorId":191282,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Groshens","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Tobias, Craig R.","contributorId":191283,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tobias","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70187146,"text":"70187146 - 2015 - Downscaling global land-use/land-cover projections for use in region-level state-and-transition simulation modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T16:26:23","indexId":"70187146","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3893,"text":"AIMS Environmental Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Downscaling global land-use/land-cover projections for use in region-level state-and-transition simulation modeling","docAbstract":"Global land-use/land-cover (LULC) change projections and historical datasets are typically available at coarse grid resolutions and are often incompatible with modeling applications at local to regional scales. The difficulty of downscaling and reapportioning global gridded LULC change projections to regional boundaries is a barrier to the use of these datasets in a state-and-transition simulation model (STSM) framework. Here we compare three downscaling techniques to transform gridded LULC transitions into spatial scales and thematic LULC classes appropriate for use in a regional STSM. For each downscaling approach, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) LULC projections, at the 0.5 × 0.5 cell resolution, were downscaled to seven Level III ecoregions in the Pacific Northwest, United States. RCP transition values at each cell were downscaled based on the proportional distribution between ecoregions of (1) cell area, (2) land-cover composition derived from remotely-sensed imagery, and (3) historic LULC transition values from a LULC history database. Resulting downscaled LULC transition values were aggregated according to their bounding ecoregion and “cross-walked” to relevant LULC classes. Ecoregion-level LULC transition values were applied in a STSM projecting LULC change between 2005 and 2100. While each downscaling methods had advantages and disadvantages, downscaling using the historical land-use history dataset consistently apportioned RCP LULC transitions in agreement with historical observations. Regardless of the downscaling method, some LULC projections remain improbable and require further investigation.
","language":"English","publisher":"AIMS Press","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2015.3.623","usgsCitation":"Sherba, J.T., Sleeter, B.M., Davis, A.W., and Parker, O.P., 2015, Downscaling global land-use/land-cover projections for use in region-level state-and-transition simulation modeling: AIMS Environmental Science, v. 2, no. 3, p. 623-647, https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2015.3.623.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"623","endPage":"647","ipdsId":"IP-063655","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471986,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2015.3.623","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":340252,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59006064e4b0e85db3a5dde1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sherba, Jason T. jsherba@usgs.gov","contributorId":5972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherba","given":"Jason","email":"jsherba@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":692760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sleeter, Benjamin M. 0000-0003-2371-9571 bsleeter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2371-9571","contributorId":3479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeter","given":"Benjamin","email":"bsleeter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, Adam W. awdavis@usgs.gov","contributorId":4982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Adam","email":"awdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":692762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Parker, Owen P.","contributorId":147263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parker","given":"Owen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6785,"text":"USGS Contractor, Minerals & Environmental Resources Sci Ctr","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":692763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70187347,"text":"70187347 - 2015 - Evidence of a higher late-Holocene treeline along the Continental Divide in central Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-01T13:24:38","indexId":"70187347","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3562,"text":"The Holocene","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence of a higher late-Holocene treeline along the Continental Divide in central Colorado","docAbstract":"Using a combination of 23 radiocarbon ages and annual ring counts from 18 Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine (Pinus aristata) remnants above the local present-day limits, a period of higher treeline has been determined for two sites near the Continental Divide in central Colorado. The highest remnants were found about 30 m above live bristlecone pines of similar size. The majority of the remnants, consisting of standing snags, large logs, and smaller remains, are highly eroded, such that the innermost annual rings of all but one are missing. The radiocarbon ages obtained from the oldest wood recovered from each remnant indicate that the majority were established above the present-day limit of bristlecone pine from prior to 2700 cal. yr BP to no later than about 1200 cal. yr BP. These radiocarbon ages combined with the annual ring count from the corresponding remnant indicate that the majority of the sampled remnants grew above the present-day limit of bristlecone pine from sometime before 2700 cal. yr BP to about 800 cal. yr BP. Evidence of recent climatic warming is demonstrated at one of the sites by young bristlecone pine saplings growing next to the highest remnants; the saplings were established after AD 1965 and represent the highest advance of treeline in at least 1200 years.
","language":"English","publisher":"SAGE","doi":"10.1177/0959683615591353","usgsCitation":"Carrara, P.E., and McGeehin, J., 2015, Evidence of a higher late-Holocene treeline along the Continental Divide in central Colorado: The Holocene, v. 25, no. 11, p. 1829-1837, https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683615591353.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1829","endPage":"1837","ipdsId":"IP-058103","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340683,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.14715576171875,\n 39.28860847419942\n ],\n [\n -105.88348388671875,\n 39.28860847419942\n ],\n [\n -105.88348388671875,\n 39.48814483559126\n ],\n [\n -106.14715576171875,\n 39.48814483559126\n ],\n [\n -106.14715576171875,\n 39.28860847419942\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"25","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5908492ae4b0fc4e448ffd5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carrara, Paul E. pcarrara@usgs.gov","contributorId":1342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carrara","given":"Paul","email":"pcarrara@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGeehin, John mcgeehin@usgs.gov","contributorId":167455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGeehin","given":"John","email":"mcgeehin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70187286,"text":"70187286 - 2015 - Use of phosphorus to reduce blooms of the benthic diatom Didymosphenia geminata in an oligotrophic stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-28T10:31:39","indexId":"70187286","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1699,"text":"Freshwater Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of phosphorus to reduce blooms of the benthic diatom Didymosphenia geminata in an oligotrophic stream","docAbstract":"Blooms of the benthic alga, Didymosphenia geminata [Lyngbye (Schmidt)], were first documented in Rapid Creek, South Dakota, in 2002 and have since been associated with changes to aquatic resources. Low concentration of P has been associated with D. geminata stalk development (i.e., blooms), so we considered elevating P as a possible method to reduce D. geminata blooms. We conducted 2 whole-stream P-enrichment experiments in Rapid Creek during 2007 and 2008. Enrichment with a slow-release fertilizer (Osmocote®: 14-14-14) in 2007 significantly reduced D. geminata blooms (indexed by D. geminata biomass) compared to upstream control sites. The reduction in biomass was less pronounced as distance from the enrichment source increased, a result indicating that P augmentation effectively decreased D. geminata biomass. In 2008, we implemented a before-after–control-impact (BACI) study to assess effects of a quick-release fertilizer (MAP: 11-52-0) on D. geminata biomass. The addition of 6 μg/L P to Rapid Creek resulted in a significant decrease in D. geminata biomass within 0.6 km downstream of the nutrient-addition point. Effects on D. geminata biomass were not evident further downstream. This study provides evidence to support the hypothesis that low P concentration regulates D. geminata blooms.
","language":"English","publisher":"The University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/683038","usgsCitation":"James, D.A., Bothwell, M.L., Chipps, S.R., and Carreiro, J., 2015, Use of phosphorus to reduce blooms of the benthic diatom Didymosphenia geminata in an oligotrophic stream: Freshwater Science, v. 34, no. 4, p. 1272-1281, https://doi.org/10.1086/683038.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1272","endPage":"1281","ipdsId":"IP-049922","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340592,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"590454a7e4b022cee40dc250","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"James, Daniel A.","contributorId":41737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"James","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bothwell, Max L.","contributorId":113297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bothwell","given":"Max","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chipps, Steven R. 0000-0001-6511-7582 steve_chipps@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6511-7582","contributorId":2243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chipps","given":"Steven","email":"steve_chipps@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carreiro, John","contributorId":191554,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carreiro","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70187341,"text":"70187341 - 2015 - Comparing ecoregional classifications for natural areas management in the Klamath Region, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-17T09:26:39","indexId":"70187341","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2821,"text":"Natural Areas Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparing ecoregional classifications for natural areas management in the Klamath Region, USA","docAbstract":"We compared three existing ecoregional classification schemes (Bailey, Omernik, and World Wildlife Fund) with two derived schemes (Omernik Revised and Climate Zones) to explore their effectiveness in explaining species distributions and to better understand natural resource geography in the Klamath Region, USA. We analyzed presence/absence data derived from digital distribution maps for trees, amphibians, large mammals, small mammals, migrant birds, and resident birds using three statistical analyses of classification accuracy (Analysis of Similarity, Canonical Analysis of Principal Coordinates, and Classification Strength). The classifications were roughly comparable in classification accuracy, with Omernik Revised showing the best overall performance. Trees showed the strongest fidelity to the classifications, and large mammals showed the weakest fidelity. We discuss the implications for regional biogeography and describe how intermediate resolution ecoregional classifications may be appropriate for use as natural areas management domains.
","language":"English","publisher":"Natural Areas Association","doi":"10.3375/043.035.0301","usgsCitation":"Sarr, D.A., Duff, A., Dinger, E.C., Shafer, S.L., Wing, M., Seavy, N.E., and Alexander, J.D., 2015, Comparing ecoregional classifications for natural areas management in the Klamath Region, USA: Natural Areas Journal, v. 35, no. 3, p. 360-377, https://doi.org/10.3375/043.035.0301.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"360","endPage":"377","ipdsId":"IP-046147","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340689,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Klamath Region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.00244140625,\n 38.66835610151506\n ],\n [\n -120.80566406250001,\n 38.66835610151506\n ],\n [\n -120.80566406250001,\n 42.79540065303723\n ],\n [\n -125.00244140625,\n 42.79540065303723\n ],\n [\n -125.00244140625,\n 38.66835610151506\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5908492be4b0fc4e448ffd60","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sarr, Daniel A. dsarr@usgs.gov","contributorId":191593,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sarr","given":"Daniel","email":"dsarr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duff, Andrew","contributorId":168620,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duff","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dinger, Eric C.","contributorId":191594,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dinger","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shafer, Sarah L. 0000-0003-3739-2637 sshafer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3739-2637","contributorId":1684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafer","given":"Sarah","email":"sshafer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":693542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wing, Michael","contributorId":191596,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wing","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Seavy, Nathaniel E.","contributorId":191595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seavy","given":"Nathaniel","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Alexander, John D.","contributorId":191597,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alexander","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70187424,"text":"70187424 - 2015 - Early Holocene Great Salt Lake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-02T14:51:22","indexId":"70187424","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early Holocene Great Salt Lake","docAbstract":"Shorelines and surficial deposits (including buried forest-floor mats and organic-rich wetland sediments) show that Great Salt Lake did not rise higher than modern lake levels during the earliest Holocene (11.5–10.2 cal ka BP; 10–9 14C ka BP). During that period, finely laminated, organic-rich muds (sapropel) containing brine-shrimp cysts and pellets and interbedded sodium-sulfate salts were deposited on the lake floor. Sapropel deposition was probably caused by stratification of the water column — a freshwater cap possibly was formed by groundwater, which had been stored in upland aquifers during the immediately preceding late-Pleistocene deep-lake cycle (Lake Bonneville), and was actively discharging on the basin floor. A climate characterized by low precipitation and runoff, combined with local areas of groundwater discharge in piedmont settings, could explain the apparent conflict between evidence for a shallow lake (a dry climate) and previously published interpretations for a moist climate in the Great Salt Lake basin of the eastern Great Basin.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1016/j.yqres.2015.05.001","usgsCitation":"Oviatt, C., Madsen, D.B., Miller, D., Thompson, R.S., and McGeehin, J.P., 2015, Early Holocene Great Salt Lake: Quaternary Research, v. 84, no. 1, p. 57-68, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2015.05.001.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"57","endPage":"68","ipdsId":"IP-064151","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340752,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Great Salt Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.20037841796875,\n 40.60978237983301\n ],\n [\n -111.8023681640625,\n 40.60978237983301\n ],\n [\n -111.8023681640625,\n 41.73033005046653\n ],\n [\n -113.20037841796875,\n 41.73033005046653\n ],\n [\n -113.20037841796875,\n 40.60978237983301\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"84","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59099aafe4b0fc4e449157f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oviatt, Charles G.","contributorId":13503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oviatt","given":"Charles G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madsen, David B.","contributorId":191727,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Madsen","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, David M. 0000-0003-3711-0441 dmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":140769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David M.","email":"dmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thompson, Robert S. 0000-0001-9287-2954 rthompson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9287-2954","contributorId":891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Robert","email":"rthompson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McGeehin, John P. 0000-0002-5320-6091 mcgeehin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5320-6091","contributorId":130967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGeehin","given":"John","email":"mcgeehin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70155921,"text":"70155921 - 2015 - Tectonic and sedimentary linkages between the Belt-Purcell basin and southwestern Laurentia during the Mesoproterozoic ca. 1.60-1.40 Ga","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-19T19:20:17","indexId":"70155921","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2626,"text":"Lithosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tectonic and sedimentary linkages between the Belt-Purcell basin and southwestern Laurentia during the Mesoproterozoic ca. 1.60-1.40 Ga","docAbstract":"Mesoproterozoic sedimentary basins in western North America provide key constraints on pre-Rodinia craton positions and interactions along the western rifted margin of Laurentia. One such basin, the Belt-Purcell basin, extends from southern Idaho into southern British Columbia and contains a >18-km-thick succession of siliciclastic sediment deposited ca. 1.47–1.40 Ga. The ca. 1.47–1.45 Ga lower part of the succession contains abundant distinctive non-Laurentian 1.61–1.50 Ga detrital zircon populations derived from exotic cratonic sources. Contemporaneous metasedimentary successions in the southwestern United States–the Trampas and Yankee Joe basins in Arizona and New Mexico–also contain abundant 1.61–1.50 Ga detrital zircons. Similarities in depositional age and distinctive non-Laurentian detrital zircon populations suggest that both the Belt-Purcell and southwestern successions record sedimentary and tectonic linkages between western Laurentia and one or more cratons including North Australia, South Australia, and (or) East Antarctica. At ca. 1.45 Ga, both the Belt-Purcell and southwest successions underwent major sedimentological changes, with a pronounced shift to Laurentian provenance and the disappearance of the 1.61–1.50 Ga detrital zircon. Upper Belt-Purcell strata contain strongly unimodal ca. 1.73 Ga detrital zircon age populations that match the detrital zircon signature of Paleoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks of the Yavapai province to the south and southeast. We propose that the shift at ca. 1.45 Ga records the onset of orogenesis in southern Laurentia coeval with rifting along its northwestern margin. Bedrock uplift associated with orogenesis and widespread, coeval magmatism caused extensive exhumation and erosion of the Yavapai province ca. 1.45–1.36 Ga, providing a voluminous and areally extensive sediment source–with suitable zircon ages–during upper Belt deposition. This model provides a comprehensive and integrated view of the Mesoproterozoic tectonic evolution of western Laurentia and its position within the supercontinent Columbia as it evolved into Rodinia.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/L438.1","usgsCitation":"Jones, J.V., Dainel, C.G., and Doe, M., 2015, Tectonic and sedimentary linkages between the Belt-Purcell basin and southwestern Laurentia during the Mesoproterozoic ca. 1.60-1.40 Ga: Lithosphere, v. 7, no. 4, p. 465-472, https://doi.org/10.1130/L438.1.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"465","endPage":"472","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058162","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471981,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/l438.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306643,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cdbfbde4b08400b1fe143f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jones, James V. III 0000-0002-6602-5935 jvjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6602-5935","contributorId":201245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"jvjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dainel, Christohper G","contributorId":146260,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dainel","given":"Christohper","email":"","middleInitial":"G","affiliations":[{"id":16651,"text":"Bucknell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Doe, Michael F","contributorId":146261,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doe","given":"Michael F","affiliations":[{"id":16652,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70150316,"text":"70150316 - 2015 - Evaluating the relationship between biomass, percent groundcover and remote sensing indices across six winter cover crop fields in Maryland, United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-01T13:17:52","indexId":"70150316","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2027,"text":"International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating the relationship between biomass, percent groundcover and remote sensing indices across six winter cover crop fields in Maryland, United States","docAbstract":"Winter cover crops are an essential part of managing nutrient and sediment losses from agricultural lands. Cover crops lessen sedimentation by reducing erosion, and the accumulation of nitrogen in aboveground biomass results in reduced nutrient runoff. Winter cover crops are planted in the fall and are usually terminated in early spring, making them susceptible to senescence, frost burn, and leaf yellowing due to wintertime conditions. This study sought to determine to what extent remote sensing indices are capable of accurately estimating the percent groundcover and biomass of winter cover crops, and to analyze under what critical ranges these relationships are strong and under which conditions they break down. Cover crop growth on six fields planted to barley, rye, ryegrass, triticale or wheat was measured over the 2012–2013 winter growing season. Data collection included spectral reflectance measurements, aboveground biomass, and percent groundcover. Ten vegetation indices were evaluated using surface reflectance data from a 16-band CROPSCAN sensor. Restricting analysis to sampling dates before the onset of prolonged freezing temperatures and leaf yellowing resulted in increased estimation accuracy. There was a strong relationship between the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and percent groundcover (r2 = 0.93) suggesting that date restrictions effectively eliminate yellowing vegetation from analysis. The triangular vegetation index (TVI) was most accurate in estimating high ranges of biomass (r2 = 0.86), while NDVI did not experience a clustering of values in the low and medium biomass ranges but saturated in the higher range (>1500 kg/ha). The results of this study show that accounting for index saturation, senescence, and frost burn on leaves can greatly increase the accuracy of estimates of percent groundcover and biomass for winter cover crops.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jag.2015.03.002","usgsCitation":"Prabhakara, K., Hively, W., and McCarty, G.W., 2015, Evaluating the relationship between biomass, percent groundcover and remote sensing indices across six winter cover crop fields in Maryland, United States: International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, v. 39, p. 88-102, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2015.03.002.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"88","endPage":"102","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062027","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488361,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2015.03.002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":305541,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","county":"Beltsville","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.88652992248535,\n 39.02681869722843\n ],\n [\n -76.88652992248535,\n 39.0351862510659\n ],\n [\n -76.87356948852539,\n 39.0351862510659\n ],\n [\n -76.87356948852539,\n 39.02681869722843\n ],\n [\n -76.88652992248535,\n 39.02681869722843\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55950121e4b0b6d21dd6cbb4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prabhakara, Kusuma","contributorId":6313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prabhakara","given":"Kusuma","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":556699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hively, W. Dean whively@usgs.gov","contributorId":4919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hively","given":"W. Dean","email":"whively@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":556698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCarty, Greg W.","contributorId":143675,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCarty","given":"Greg","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":15298,"text":"USDA-ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Bldg 007, BARC-W, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":556700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70156876,"text":"70156876 - 2015 - Soil surface organic layers in Arctic Alaska: spatial distribution, rates of formation, and microclimatic effects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-04T16:07:37","indexId":"70156876","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2320,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Soil surface organic layers in Arctic Alaska: spatial distribution, rates of formation, and microclimatic effects","docAbstract":"Organic layers of living and dead vegetation cover the ground surface in many permafrost landscapes and play important roles in ecosystem processes. These soil surface organic layers (SSOLs) store large amounts of carbon and buffer the underlying permafrost and its contained carbon from changes in aboveground climate. Understanding the dynamics of SSOLs is a prerequisite for predicting how permafrost and carbon stocks will respond to warming climate. Here we ask three questions about SSOLs in a representative area of the Arctic Foothills region of northern Alaska: (1) What environmental factors control the thickness of SSOLs and the carbon they store? (2) How long do SSOLs take to develop on newly stabilized point bars? (3) How do SSOLs affect temperature in the underlying ground? Results show that SSOL thickness and distribution correlate with elevation, drainage area, vegetation productivity, and incoming solar radiation. A multiple regression model based on these correlations can simulate spatial distribution of SSOLs and estimate the organic carbon stored there. SSOLs develop within a few decades after a new, sandy, geomorphic surface stabilizes but require 500–700 years to reach steady state thickness. Mature SSOLs lower the growing season temperature and mean annual temperature of the underlying mineral soil by 8 and 3°C, respectively. We suggest that the proximate effects of warming climate on permafrost landscapes now covered by SSOLs will occur indirectly via climate's effects on the frequency, extent, and severity of disturbances like fires and landslides that disrupt the SSOLs and interfere with their protection of the underlying permafrost.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015JG002983","usgsCitation":"Baughman, C., Mann, D., Verbyla, D.L., and Kunz, M.L., 2015, Soil surface organic layers in Arctic Alaska: spatial distribution, rates of formation, and microclimatic effects: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, v. 120, no. 6, p. 1150-1164, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JG002983.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1150","endPage":"1164","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064795","costCenters":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471970,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jg002983","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":307786,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -158.466796875,\n 67.19551751715585\n ],\n [\n -158.466796875,\n 69.12344255014861\n ],\n [\n -155.01708984375,\n 69.12344255014861\n ],\n [\n -155.01708984375,\n 67.19551751715585\n ],\n [\n -158.466796875,\n 67.19551751715585\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"120","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55e6cc37e4b05561fa20a02b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baughman, Carson 0000-0002-9423-9324 cbaughman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9423-9324","contributorId":169657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baughman","given":"Carson","email":"cbaughman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mann, Daniel H.","contributorId":97441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"Daniel H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Verbyla, David L.","contributorId":84611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verbyla","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kunz, Michael L.","contributorId":50820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kunz","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":570923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70155184,"text":"70155184 - 2015 - Can orchards help connect Mediterranean ecosystems? Animal movement data alter conservation priorities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-05T11:12:12","indexId":"70155184","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Can orchards help connect Mediterranean ecosystems? Animal movement data alter conservation priorities","docAbstract":"As natural habitats become fragmented by human activities, animals must increasingly move through human-dominated systems, particularly agricultural landscapes. Mapping areas important for animal movement has therefore become a key part of conservation planning. Models of landscape connectivity are often parameterized using expert opinion and seldom distinguish between the risks and barriers presented by different crop types. Recent research, however, suggests different crop types, such as row crops and orchards, differ in the degree to which they facilitate or impede species movements. Like many mammalian carnivores, bobcats (Lynx rufus) are sensitive to fragmentation and loss of connectivity between habitat patches. We investigated how distinguishing between different agricultural land covers might change conclusions about the relative conservation importance of different land uses in a Mediterranean ecosystem. Bobcats moved relatively quickly in row crops but relatively slowly in orchards, at rates similar to those in natural habitats of woodlands and scrub. We found that parameterizing a connectivity model using empirical data on bobcat movements in agricultural lands and other land covers, instead of parameterizing the model using habitat suitability indices based on expert opinion, altered locations of predicted animal movement routes. These results emphasize that differentiating between types of agriculture can alter conservation planning outcomes.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Notre Dame","doi":"10.1674/0003-0031-174.1.105","usgsCitation":"Nogeire, T.M., Davis, F., Crooks, K.R., McRae, B.H., Lyren, L.M., and Boydston, E.E., 2015, Can orchards help connect Mediterranean ecosystems? Animal movement data alter conservation priorities: American Midland Naturalist, v. 174, no. 1, p. 105-116, https://doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031-174.1.105.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"105","endPage":"116","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052372","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471968,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0ps3x1b0","text":"External Repository"},{"id":306426,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Orange County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.72262573242188,\n 33.592887216626245\n ],\n [\n -117.72262573242188,\n 33.71862851510573\n ],\n [\n -117.57843017578126,\n 33.71862851510573\n ],\n [\n -117.57843017578126,\n 33.592887216626245\n ],\n [\n -117.72262573242188,\n 33.592887216626245\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"174","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55c333aae4b033ef52106a81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nogeire, Theresa M.","contributorId":83434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nogeire","given":"Theresa","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, Frank W.","contributorId":36894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Frank W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crooks, Kevin R.","contributorId":51137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crooks","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McRae, Brad H.","contributorId":145697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McRae","given":"Brad","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":7041,"text":"The Nature Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lyren, Lisa M. llyren@usgs.gov","contributorId":2398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyren","given":"Lisa","email":"llyren@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Boydston, Erin E. 0000-0002-8452-835X eboydston@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8452-835X","contributorId":1705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boydston","given":"Erin","email":"eboydston@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70150464,"text":"70150464 - 2015 - Methods used to parameterize the spatially-explicit components of a state-and-transition simulation model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-16T09:36:02","indexId":"70150464","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3893,"text":"AIMS Environmental Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methods used to parameterize the spatially-explicit components of a state-and-transition simulation model","docAbstract":"Spatially-explicit state-and-transition simulation models of land use and land cover (LULC) increase our ability to assess regional landscape characteristics and associated carbon dynamics across multiple scenarios. By characterizing appropriate spatial attributes such as forest age and land-use distribution, a state-and-transition model can more effectively simulate the pattern and spread of LULC changes. This manuscript describes the methods and input parameters of the Land Use and Carbon Scenario Simulator (LUCAS), a customized state-and-transition simulation model utilized to assess the relative impacts of LULC on carbon stocks for the conterminous U.S. The methods and input parameters are spatially explicit and describe initial conditions (strata, state classes and forest age), spatial multipliers, and carbon stock density. Initial conditions were derived from harmonization of multi-temporal data characterizing changes in land use as well as land cover. Harmonization combines numerous national-level datasets through a cell-based data fusion process to generate maps of primary LULC categories. Forest age was parameterized using data from the North American Carbon Program and spatially-explicit maps showing the locations of past disturbances (i.e. wildfire and harvest). Spatial multipliers were developed to spatially constrain the location of future LULC transitions. Based on distance-decay theory, maps were generated to guide the placement of changes related to forest harvest, agricultural intensification/extensification, and urbanization. We analyze the spatially-explicit input parameters with a sensitivity analysis, by showing how LUCAS responds to variations in the model input. This manuscript uses Mediterranean California as a regional subset to highlight local to regional aspects of land change, which demonstrates the utility of LUCAS at many scales and applications.
","language":"English","publisher":"AIMS Press","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2015.3.668","usgsCitation":"Sleeter, R., Acevedo, W., Soulard, C.E., and Sleeter, B.M., 2015, Methods used to parameterize the spatially-explicit components of a state-and-transition simulation model: AIMS Environmental Science, v. 2, no. 3, p. 668-693, https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2015.3.668.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"668","endPage":"693","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064560","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471983,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2015.3.668","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308154,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa92c3e4b05d6c4e501aab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sleeter, Rachel 0000-0003-3477-0436 rsleeter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3477-0436","contributorId":666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeter","given":"Rachel","email":"rsleeter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Acevedo, William wacevedo@usgs.gov","contributorId":2689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Acevedo","given":"William","email":"wacevedo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Soulard, Christopher E. 0000-0002-5777-9516 csoulard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5777-9516","contributorId":2642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soulard","given":"Christopher","email":"csoulard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sleeter, Benjamin M. 0000-0003-2371-9571 bsleeter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2371-9571","contributorId":3479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeter","given":"Benjamin","email":"bsleeter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70156790,"text":"70156790 - 2015 - NACSN, note 67--Application for revision of Articles 36 and 37, Lithodemic units of the North American stratigraphic code","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-24T11:03:56","indexId":"70156790","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3481,"text":"Stratigraphy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"NACSN, note 67--Application for revision of Articles 36 and 37, Lithodemic units of the North American stratigraphic code","docAbstract":"Currently the North American Stratigraphic Code, (NACSN 2005, Article 37) sets restrictions on the use of the term “complex” for lithodemic units. With exceptions for “volcanic complex” and “structural complex,” a complex must consist of more than one genetic class of rock (i.e., sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic). Thus, the use of the term “complex” to describe masses of intrusive rocks is not allowed. Asimilar restriction is also included in a recent British Geological Survey proposal for using lithodemic units to classify igneous rocks (Gillespie et al. 2008).Currently the North American Stratigraphic Code, (NACSN 2005, Article 37) sets restrictions on the use of the term “complex” for lithodemic units. With exceptions for “volcanic complex” and “structural complex,” a complex must consist of more than one genetic class of rock (i.e., sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic). Thus, the use of the term “complex” to describe masses of intrusive rocks is not allowed. Asimilar restriction is also included in a recent British Geological Survey proposal for using lithodemic units to classify igneous rocks (Gillespie et al. 2008).
","language":"English","publisher":"Micropaleontology Press","usgsCitation":"Easton, R.M., Edwards, L.E., Orndorff, R.C., Duguet, M., and Ferrusquia-Villafranca, I., 2015, NACSN, note 67--Application for revision of Articles 36 and 37, Lithodemic units of the North American stratigraphic code: Stratigraphy, v. 12, no. 1, p. 39-45.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"39","endPage":"45","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063649","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308496,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":308495,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.micropress.org/microaccess/stratigraphy/issue-316/article-1932"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56051edbe4b058f706e512f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Easton, Robert M.","contributorId":139939,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Easton","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13320,"text":"Ontario Geological Survey","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":570551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orndorff, Randall C. 0000-0002-8956-5803 rorndorf@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8956-5803","contributorId":2739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orndorff","given":"Randall","email":"rorndorf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":501,"text":"Office of Science Quality and Integrity","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Duguet, Manuel","contributorId":147927,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duguet","given":"Manuel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ferrusquia-Villafranca, Ismael","contributorId":37529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ferrusquia-Villafranca","given":"Ismael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70157142,"text":"70157142 - 2015 - Ecosystem carbon stocks and sequestration potential of federal lands across the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T09:42:10","indexId":"70157142","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2982,"text":"PNAS","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecosystem carbon stocks and sequestration potential of federal lands across the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"Federal lands across the conterminous United States (CONUS) account for 23.5% of the CONUS terrestrial area but have received no systematic studies on their ecosystem carbon (C) dynamics and contribution to the national C budgets. The methodology for US Congress-mandated national biological C sequestration potential assessment was used to evaluate ecosystem C dynamics in CONUS federal lands at present and in the future under three Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report on Emission Scenarios (IPCC SRES) A1B, A2, and B1. The total ecosystem C stock was estimated as 11,613 Tg C in 2005 and projected to be 13,965 Tg C in 2050, an average increase of 19.4% from the baseline. The projected annual C sequestration rate (in kilograms of carbon per hectare per year) from 2006 to 2050 would be sinks of 620 and 228 for forests and grasslands, respectively, and C sources of 13 for shrublands. The federal lands’ contribution to the national ecosystem C budget could decrease from 23.3% in 2005 to 20.8% in 2050. The C sequestration potential in the future depends not only on the footprint of individual ecosystems but also on each federal agency’s land use and management. The results presented here update our current knowledge about the baseline ecosystem C stock and sequestration potential of federal lands, which would be useful for federal agencies to decide management practices to achieve the national greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation goal.
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","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","usgsCitation":"Ballmann, A., Bodenstein, B., Dusek, R., Grear, D.A., and Chipault, J.G., 2015, USGS National Wildlife Health Center quarterly mortality report January 2015 to March 2015: Wildlife Disease Association Newsletter, no. July 2015, p. 4-6.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"4","endPage":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066265","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309546,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.wildlifedisease.org/PersonifyEbusiness/Resources/Publications/Newsletter/Archive"},{"id":309575,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"July 2015","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56139f56e4b0ba4884c60fcf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ballmann, Anne 0000-0002-0380-056X aballmann@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0380-056X","contributorId":140319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballmann","given":"Anne","email":"aballmann@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":576542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bodenstein, Barbara L. 0000-0001-7946-0103 bbodenstein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7946-0103","contributorId":139354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodenstein","given":"Barbara L.","email":"bbodenstein@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":576543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dusek, Robert J. 0000-0001-6177-7479 rdusek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-7479","contributorId":140066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dusek","given":"Robert J.","email":"rdusek@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":576544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grear, Daniel A. 0000-0002-5478-1549 dgrear@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5478-1549","contributorId":149047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grear","given":"Daniel","email":"dgrear@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5068,"text":"Midwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":576545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chipault, Jennifer G. 0000-0002-1368-622X jchipault@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1368-622X","contributorId":4765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chipault","given":"Jennifer","email":"jchipault@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":576541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70159502,"text":"70159502 - 2015 - Water's Way at Sleepers River watershed – revisiting flow generation in a post-glacial landscape, Vermont USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T15:26:40","indexId":"70159502","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water's Way at Sleepers River watershed – revisiting flow generation in a post-glacial landscape, Vermont USA","docAbstract":"The Sleepers River Research Watershed (SRRW) in Vermont, USA, has been the site of active hydrologic research since 1959 and was the setting where Dunne and Black demonstrated the importance and controls of saturation-excess overland flow (SOF) on streamflow generation. Here, we review the early studies from the SRRW and show how they guided our conceptual approach to hydrologic research at the SRRW during the most recent 25 years. In so doing, we chronicle a shift in the field from early studies that relied exclusively on hydrometric measurements to today's studies that include chemical and isotopic approaches to further elucidate streamflow generation mechanisms. Highlights of this evolution in hydrologic understanding include the following: (i) confirmation of the importance of SOF to streamflow generation, and at larger scales than first imagined; (ii) stored catchment water dominates stream response, except under unusual conditions such as deep frozen ground; (iii) hydrometric, chemical and isotopic approaches to hydrograph separation yield consistent and complementary results; (iv) nitrate and sulfate isotopic compositions specific to atmospheric inputs constrain new water contributions to streamflow; and (v) convergent areas, or ‘hillslope hollows’, contribute disproportionately to event hydrographs. We conclude by summarizing some remaining challenges that lead us to a vision for the future of research at the SRRW to address fundamental questions in the catchment sciences.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10377","usgsCitation":"Shanley, J.B., Sebestyen, S.D., McDonnell, J.J., McGlynn, B.L., and Dunne, T., 2015, Water's Way at Sleepers River watershed – revisiting flow generation in a post-glacial landscape, Vermont USA: Hydrological Processes, v. 29, no. 16, p. 3447-3459, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10377.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"3447","endPage":"3459","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060314","costCenters":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471982,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0vk658z6","text":"External Repository"},{"id":311199,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Sleepers River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.07829475402832,\n 44.43825371823474\n ],\n [\n -72.07829475402832,\n 44.45688095465622\n ],\n [\n -72.05168724060057,\n 44.45688095465622\n ],\n [\n -72.05168724060057,\n 44.43825371823474\n ],\n [\n -72.07829475402832,\n 44.43825371823474\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"16","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5645c660e4b0e2669b30f233","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shanley, James B. 0000-0002-4234-3437 jshanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3437","contributorId":1953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"James","email":"jshanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sebestyen, Stephen D.","contributorId":107562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sebestyen","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDonnell, Jeffrey J.","contributorId":202934,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonnell","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36551,"text":"University of Saskatchewan, Canada, and University of Aberdeen, Scotland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McGlynn, Brian L.","contributorId":83012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGlynn","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dunne, Thomas","contributorId":146518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunne","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6710,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70157452,"text":"70157452 - 2015 - Life history diversity of Snake River finespotted cutthroat trout: managing for persistence in a rapidly changing environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-01T11:58:54","indexId":"70157452","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Life history diversity of Snake River finespotted cutthroat trout: managing for persistence in a rapidly changing environment","docAbstract":"Over the last century, native trout have experienced dramatic population declines, particularly in larger river systems where habitats associated with different spawning life history forms have been lost through habitat degradation and fragmentation. The resulting decrease in life history diversity has affected the capacity of populations to respond to environmental variability and disturbance. Unfortunately, because few large rivers are intact enough to permit full expression of life history diversity, it is unclear what patterns of diversity should be a conservation target. In this study, radiotelemetry was used to identify spawning and migration patterns of Snake River Finespotted Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii behnkei in the upper Snake River. Individuals were implanted with radio tags in October 2007 and 2008, and monitored through October 2009. Radio-tagged cutthroat trout in the upper Snake River exhibited variation in spawning habitat type and location, migration distance, spawn timing, postspawning behavior, and susceptibility to mortality sources. Between May and July, Cutthroat Trout spawned in runoff-dominated tributaries, groundwater-dominated spring creeks, and side channels of the Snake River. Individuals migrated up to 101 km from tagging locations in the upper Snake River to access spawning habitats, indicating that the upper Snake River provided seasonal habitat for spawners originating throughout the watershed. Postspawning behavior also varied; by August each year, 28% of spring-creek spawners remained in their spawning location, compared with 0% of side-channel spawners and 7% of tributary spawners. These spawning and migration patterns reflect the connectivity, habitat diversity, and dynamic template of the Snake River. Ultimately, promoting life history diversity through restoration of complex habitats may provide the most opportunities for cutthroat trout persistence in an environment likely to experience increased variability from climate change and disturbance from invasive species.
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However, there is little known about the cellular components and genes associated with echinoderm immunity. The 2013–2014 sea star wasting disease outbreak is an emergent, rapidly spreading disease, which has led to large population declines of asteroids in the North American Pacific. While evidence suggests that the signs of this disease, twisting arms and lesions, may be attributed to a viral infection, the host response to infection is still poorly understood. In order to examine transcriptional responses of the sea star Pycnopodia helianthoides to sea star wasting disease, we injected a viral sized fraction (0.2 μm) homogenate prepared from symptomatic P. helianthoides into apparently healthy stars. Nine days following injection, when all stars were displaying signs of the disease, specimens were sacrificed and coelomocytes were extracted for RNA-seq analyses. A number of immune genes, including those involved in Toll signaling pathways, complement cascade, melanization response, and arachidonic acid metabolism, were differentially expressed. Furthermore, genes involved in nervous system processes and tissue remodeling were also differentially expressed, pointing to transcriptional changes underlying the signs of sea star wasting disease. The genomic resources presented here not only increase understanding of host response to sea star wasting disease, but also provide greater insight into the mechanisms underlying immune function in echinoderms.
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