{"pageNumber":"1184","pageRowStart":"29575","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184937,"records":[{"id":70170559,"text":"70170559 - 2015 - Modeling the present and future geographic distribution of the Lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum (Ixodida: Ixodidae), in the continental United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-27T09:30:53","indexId":"70170559","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-27T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":733,"text":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling the present and future geographic distribution of the Lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum (Ixodida: Ixodidae), in the continental United States","docAbstract":"

The Lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum L.) is the primary vector for pathogens of significant public health importance in North America, yet relatively little is known about its current and potential future distribution. Building on a published summary of tick collection records, we used an ensemble modeling approach to predict the present-day and future distribution of climatically suitable habitat for establishment of the Lone star tick within the continental United States. Of the nine climatic predictor variables included in our five present-day models, average vapor pressure in July was by far the most important determinant of suitable habitat. The present-day ensemble model predicted an essentially contiguous distribution of suitable habitat extending to the Atlantic coast east of the 100th western meridian and south of the 40th northern parallel, but excluding a high elevation region associated with the Appalachian Mountains. Future ensemble predictions for 2061–2080 forecasted a stable western range limit, northward expansion of suitable habitat into the Upper Midwest and western Pennsylvania, and range contraction along portions of the Gulf coast and the lower Mississippi river valley. These findings are informative for raising awareness of A. americanum-transmitted pathogens in areas where the Lone Star tick has recently or may become established.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.15-0330","usgsCitation":"Springer, Y.P., Jarnevich, C.S., Barnett, D., Monaghan, A., and Eisen, R., 2015, Modeling the present and future geographic distribution of the Lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum (Ixodida: Ixodidae), in the continental United States: American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, v. 93, no. 4, p. 875-890, https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.15-0330.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"875","endPage":"890","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065942","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471493,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.15-0330","text":"External Repository"},{"id":320587,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5721d4a4e4b0b13d39129149","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Springer, Yuri P.","contributorId":148010,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Springer","given":"Yuri","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":16880,"text":"National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON), 1685 38th St., Boulder, CO 80301, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":627651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jarnevich, Catherine S. 0000-0002-9699-2336 jarnevichc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9699-2336","contributorId":3424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarnevich","given":"Catherine","email":"jarnevichc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":627650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barnett, David T.","contributorId":86234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnett","given":"David T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Monaghan, Andrew J.","contributorId":61682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monaghan","given":"Andrew J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Eisen, Rebecca J.","contributorId":148027,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eisen","given":"Rebecca J.","affiliations":[{"id":16974,"text":"US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":627654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70155806,"text":"70155806 - 2015 - Applications of genetic data to improve management and conservation of river fishes and their habitats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-18T07:30:00","indexId":"70155806","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Applications of genetic data to improve management and conservation of river fishes and their habitats","docAbstract":"
Environmental variation and landscape features affect ecological processes in fluvial systems; however, assessing effects at management-relevant temporal and spatial scales is challenging. Genetic data can be used with landscape models and traditional ecological assessment data to identify biodiversity hotspots, predict ecosystem responses to anthropogenic effects, and detect impairments to underlying processes. We show that by combining taxonomic, demographic, and genetic data of species in complex riverscapes, managers can better understand the spatial and temporal scales over which environmental processes and disturbance influence biodiversity. We describe how population genetic models using empirical or simulated genetic data quantify effects of environmental processes affecting species diversity and distribution. Our summary shows that aquatic assessment initiatives that use standardized data sets to direct management actions can benefit from integration of genetic data to improve the predictability of disturbance–response relationships of river fishes and their habitats over a broad range of spatial and temporal scales.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/03632415.2016.1150838","usgsCitation":"Scribner, K.T., Lowe, W., Landguth, E.L., Luikart, G., Infante, D.M., Whelan, G., and Muhlfeld, C.C., 2015, Applications of genetic data to improve management and conservation of river fishes and their habitats: Fisheries, v. 41, no. 4, p. 174-188, https://doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2016.1150838.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"174","endPage":"188","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066722","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320020,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-04-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"570f5f9be4b0ef3b7ca3294b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scribner, Kim T.","contributorId":146113,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scribner","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":16582,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife and Department of Zoology, 480 Wilson Rd. 13 Natural Resources Building, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":135,"text":"Biological Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":566392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lowe, Winsor H.","contributorId":64532,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lowe","given":"Winsor H.","affiliations":[{"id":5097,"text":"University of Montana, Division of Biological Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landguth, Erin L.","contributorId":69002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landguth","given":"Erin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":566394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Luikart, Gordon","contributorId":97409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luikart","given":"Gordon","affiliations":[{"id":6580,"text":"University of Montana, Flathead Lake Biological Station, Polson, Montana 59860, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Infante, Dana M.","contributorId":146114,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Infante","given":"Dana","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16583,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, 480 Wilson Rd. 13 Natural Resources Building, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Whelan, Gary","contributorId":146115,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whelan","given":"Gary","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16584,"text":"Fisheries Division, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, P.O. Box 30446, Lansing, MI 48909","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Muhlfeld, Clint C. 0000-0002-4599-4059 cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4599-4059","contributorId":924,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhlfeld","given":"Clint","email":"cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70173621,"text":"70173621 - 2015 - Using hierarchical Bayesian multi-species mixture models to estimate tandem hoop-net based habitat associations and detection probabilities of fishes in reservoirs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-01T17:11:12.497163","indexId":"70173621","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using hierarchical Bayesian multi-species mixture models to estimate tandem hoop-net based habitat associations and detection probabilities of fishes in reservoirs","docAbstract":"

Species distribution models are useful tools to evaluate habitat relationships of fishes. We used hierarchical Bayesian multispecies mixture models to evaluate the relationships of both detection and abundance with habitat of reservoir fishes caught using tandem hoop nets. A total of 7,212 fish from 12 species were captured, and the majority of the catch was composed of Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus (46%), Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus(25%), and White Crappie Pomoxis annularis (14%). Detection estimates ranged from 8% to 69%, and modeling results suggested that fishes were primarily influenced by reservoir size and context, water clarity and temperature, and land-use types. Species were differentially abundant within and among habitat types, and some fishes were found to be more abundant in turbid, less impacted (e.g., by urbanization and agriculture) reservoirs with longer shoreline lengths; whereas, other species were found more often in clear, nutrient-rich impoundments that had generally shorter shoreline length and were surrounded by a higher percentage of agricultural land. Our results demonstrated that habitat and reservoir characteristics may differentially benefit species and assemblage structure. This study provides a useful framework for evaluating capture efficiency for not only hoop nets but other gear types used to sample fishes in reservoirs.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2016.1143395","usgsCitation":"Stewart, D., and Long, J.M., 2015, Using hierarchical Bayesian multi-species mixture models to estimate tandem hoop-net based habitat associations and detection probabilities of fishes in reservoirs: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 145, no. 3, p. 450-461, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2016.1143395.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"450","endPage":"461","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058011","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323420,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"Lake Greenleaf, Lake Lone Chimney, Lake McMurtry, Lake Okemah, Lake Okmulgee, Lake Ponca,","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n 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Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70176033,"text":"70176033 - 2015 - Spatial-temporal variation of low-frequency earthquake bursts near Parkfield, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-24T08:37:42","indexId":"70176033","displayToPublicDate":"2016-04-05T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial-temporal variation of low-frequency earthquake bursts near Parkfield, California","docAbstract":"

Tectonic tremor (TT) and low-frequency earthquakes (LFEs) have been found in the deeper crust of various tectonic environments globally in the last decade. The spatial-temporal behaviour of LFEs provides insight into deep fault zone processes. In this study, we examine recurrence times from a 12-yr catalogue of 88 LFE families with ∼730 000 LFEs in the vicinity of the Parkfield section of the San Andreas Fault (SAF) in central California. We apply an automatic burst detection algorithm to the LFE recurrence times to identify the clustering behaviour of LFEs (LFE bursts) in each family. We find that the burst behaviours in the northern and southern LFE groups differ. Generally, the northern group has longer burst duration but fewer LFEs per burst, while the southern group has shorter burst duration but more LFEs per burst. The southern group LFE bursts are generally more correlated than the northern group, suggesting more coherent deep fault slip and relatively simpler deep fault structure beneath the locked section of SAF. We also found that the 2004 Parkfield earthquake clearly increased the number of LFEs per burst and average burst duration for both the northern and the southern groups, with a relatively larger effect on the northern group. This could be due to the weakness of northern part of the fault, or the northwesterly rupture direction of the Parkfield earthquake.

","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Astronomical Society","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1093/gji/ggv194","collaboration":"Wu, C; Guyer, R; Shelly, D; Trugman, D; Frank, W; Johnson,P","usgsCitation":"Wu, C., Guyer, R., Shelly, D.R., Trugman, D., Frank, W., Gomberg, J.S., and Johnson, P., 2015, Spatial-temporal variation of low-frequency earthquake bursts near Parkfield, California: Geophysical Journal International, v. 202, no. 2, p. 914-919, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggv194.","startPage":"914","endPage":"919","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061367","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471494,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggv194","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":327766,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Parkfield","volume":"202","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c6b15ae4b0f2f0cebe6d6d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wu, Chunquan","contributorId":46871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wu","given":"Chunquan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guyer, Robert","contributorId":173990,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guyer","given":"Robert","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":646836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shelly, David R. dshelly@usgs.gov","contributorId":2978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelly","given":"David","email":"dshelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":646837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Trugman, D.","contributorId":173991,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Trugman","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":15303,"text":"University of California, San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":646838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Frank, William","contributorId":93953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frank","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gomberg, Joan S. 0000-0002-0134-2606 gomberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0134-2606","contributorId":1269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomberg","given":"Joan","email":"gomberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":646833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Johnson, P.","contributorId":55171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70173606,"text":"70173606 - 2015 - Hydroxide stabilization as a new tool for ballast disinfection: Efficacy of treatment on zooplankton","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-15T13:02:28","indexId":"70173606","displayToPublicDate":"2016-03-22T02:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2655,"text":"Management of Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydroxide stabilization as a new tool for ballast disinfection: Efficacy of treatment on zooplankton","docAbstract":"

Effective and economical tools are needed for treating ship ballast to meet new regulatory requirements designed to reduce the introduction of invasive aquatic species from ship traffic. We tested the efficacy of hydroxide stabilization as a ballast disinfection tool in replicated, sequential field trials on board the M/V Ranger III in waters of Lake Superior. Ballast water was introduced into each of four identical 1,320 L stainless steel tanks during a simulated ballasting operation. Two tanks were treated with NaOH to elevate the pH to 11.7 and the remaining two tanks were held as controls without pH alteration. After retention on board for 14–18 h, CO2-rich gas recovered from one of two diesel propulsion engines was sparged into tanks treated with NaOH for 2 h to force conversion of NaOH ultimately to sodium bicarbonate, thereby lowering pH to about 7.1. Prior to gas sparging, the engine exhaust was treated by a unique catalytic converter/wet scrubber process train to remove unwanted combustion byproducts and to provide cooling. The contents of each tank were then drained and filtered through 35-µm mesh plankton nets to collect all zooplankton. The composition and relative survival of zooplankton in each tank were evaluated by microscopy. Zooplankton populations were dominated by rotifers, but copepods and cladocerans were also observed. Hydroxide stabilization was 100% effective in killing all zooplankton present at the start of the tests. Our results suggest hydroxide stabilization has potential to be an effective and practical tool to disinfect ship ballast. Further, using CO2 released from the ship engine reduces emissions and the neutralized by product, sodium bicarbonate, can have beneficial impacts on the aquatic environment.

","language":"English","publisher":"REABIC","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2015.6.3.05","usgsCitation":"Moffitt, C.M., Watten, B.J., Barenburg, A., and Henquinet, J.W., 2015, Hydroxide stabilization as a new tool for ballast disinfection: Efficacy of treatment on zooplankton: Management of Biological Invasions, v. 6, no. 3, p. 263-275, https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2015.6.3.05.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"263","endPage":"275","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061028","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471495,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2015.6.3.05","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323460,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Laurentian Great Lakes","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.4783935546875,\n 48.29415798558204\n ],\n [\n -88.5113525390625,\n 48.30146673770983\n ],\n [\n -88.681640625,\n 48.242967421301366\n ],\n [\n -89.3023681640625,\n 47.98256841921405\n ],\n [\n -89.5111083984375,\n 48.00830020485928\n ],\n [\n -90.4833984375,\n 46.6268063953552\n ],\n [\n -90.4119873046875,\n 46.60794102560568\n ],\n [\n -90.1593017578125,\n 46.65320687122665\n ],\n [\n -90.0164794921875,\n 46.69089949154197\n ],\n [\n -89.9285888671875,\n 46.758679967095574\n ],\n [\n -89.835205078125,\n 46.78877728793222\n ],\n [\n -89.71435546875,\n 46.81509864599243\n ],\n [\n -89.5880126953125,\n 46.83389173208538\n ],\n [\n -89.50561523437499,\n 46.83389173208538\n ],\n [\n -89.395751953125,\n 46.86019101567027\n ],\n [\n -89.2584228515625,\n 46.90899838277448\n ],\n [\n -89.11560058593749,\n 47.00273390667881\n ],\n [\n -88.98376464843749,\n 47.00647991252098\n ],\n [\n -88.8848876953125,\n 47.111261437080344\n ],\n [\n -88.6376953125,\n 47.2307596483469\n ],\n [\n -88.41796875,\n 47.37603463349758\n ],\n [\n -88.2147216796875,\n 47.45780853075031\n ],\n [\n -87.96203613281249,\n 47.487513008956554\n ],\n [\n -87.8411865234375,\n 47.47637579720933\n ],\n [\n -87.64892578125,\n 47.56911375866714\n ],\n [\n -87.57202148437499,\n 47.76886840424207\n ],\n [\n -87.8741455078125,\n 48.04870994288686\n ],\n [\n -88.099365234375,\n 48.17707562779612\n ],\n [\n -88.4783935546875,\n 48.29415798558204\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575be4abe4b04f417c27f524","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moffitt, Christine M. 0000-0001-6020-9728 cmoffitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6020-9728","contributorId":2583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moffitt","given":"Christine","email":"cmoffitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Watten, Barnaby J. 0000-0002-2227-8623 bwatten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2227-8623","contributorId":2002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watten","given":"Barnaby","email":"bwatten@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barenburg, Amber","contributorId":149857,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barenburg","given":"Amber","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Henquinet, Jeffrey W.","contributorId":171741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henquinet","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70173493,"text":"70173493 - 2015 - The relationship between vessel traffic and noise levels received by killer whales (Orcinus orca)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-17T12:17:45","indexId":"70173493","displayToPublicDate":"2016-03-07T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The relationship between vessel traffic and noise levels received by killer whales (Orcinus orca)","docAbstract":"

Whale watching has become increasingly popular as an ecotourism activity around the globe and is beneficial for environmental education and local economies. Southern Resident killer whales (Orcinus orca) comprise an endangered population that is frequently observed by a large whale watching fleet in the inland waters of Washington state and British Columbia. One of the factors identified as a risk to recovery for the population is the effect of vessels and associated noise. An examination of the effects of vessels and associated noise on whale behavior utilized novel equipment to address limitations of previous studies. Digital acoustic recording tags (DTAGs) measured the noise levels the tagged whales received while laser positioning systems allowed collection of geo-referenced data for tagged whales and all vessels within 1000 m of the tagged whale. The objective of the current study was to compare vessel data and DTAG recordings to relate vessel traffic to the ambient noise received by tagged whales. Two analyses were conducted, one including all recording intervals, and one that excluded intervals when only the research vessel was present. For all data, significant predictors of noise levels were length (inverse relationship), number of propellers, and vessel speed, but only 15% of the variation in noise was explained by this model. When research-vessel-only intervals were excluded, vessel speed was the only significant predictor of noise levels, and explained 42% of the variation. Simple linear regressions (ignoring covariates) found that average vessel speed and number of propellers were the only significant correlates with noise levels. We conclude that vessel speed is the most important predictor of noise levels received by whales in this study. Thus, measures that reduce vessel speed in the vicinity of killer whales would reduce noise exposure in this population.

","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0140119","usgsCitation":"Houghton, J., Holt, M.M., Giles, D.A., Hanson, M.B., Emmons, C.K., Hogan, J.T., Branch, T., and VanBlaricom, G.R., 2015, The relationship between vessel traffic and noise levels received by killer whales (Orcinus orca): PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 12, p. 1-20, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0140119.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065949","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471496,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0140119","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323889,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Vancouver, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.67265319824217,\n 48.76343113791796\n ],\n [\n -122.92602539062501,\n 48.772935170565056\n ],\n [\n -123.25149536132811,\n 48.69232017824781\n ],\n [\n -123.21098327636719,\n 48.569337856144415\n ],\n [\n -123.14987182617188,\n 48.45653041501911\n ],\n [\n -123.09219360351561,\n 48.41826449418743\n ],\n [\n -123.16635131835938,\n 48.35442390123028\n ],\n [\n -122.79968261718749,\n 48.28502057399577\n ],\n [\n -122.70217895507811,\n 48.37449671682332\n ],\n [\n -122.74063110351562,\n 48.4765629664158\n ],\n [\n -122.684326171875,\n 48.521152504948994\n ],\n [\n -122.64862060546875,\n 48.596592251456705\n ],\n [\n -122.62527465820311,\n 48.63563125791999\n ],\n [\n -122.56484985351561,\n 48.634723716904\n ],\n [\n -122.67265319824217,\n 48.76343113791796\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57651f3be4b07657d19c793d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Houghton, Juliana","contributorId":172082,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Houghton","given":"Juliana","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holt, Marla M.","contributorId":172083,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holt","given":"Marla","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Giles, Deborah A.","contributorId":172084,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Giles","given":"Deborah","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hanson, M. Bradley","contributorId":172085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hanson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Bradley","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Emmons, Candice K.","contributorId":172086,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Emmons","given":"Candice","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hogan, Jeffrey T.","contributorId":172087,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hogan","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Branch, Trevor A.","contributorId":172088,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Branch","given":"Trevor A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"VanBlaricom, Glenn R. glennvb@usgs.gov","contributorId":3540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanBlaricom","given":"Glenn","email":"glennvb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":637195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70168745,"text":"70168745 - 2015 - Effectiveness of backpack electrofishing for removal of non-native fishes from a small warm-water stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-02T11:27:18","indexId":"70168745","displayToPublicDate":"2016-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2530,"text":"Journal of the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effectiveness of backpack electrofishing for removal of non-native fishes from a small warm-water stream","docAbstract":"

Electrofishing is commonly used when renovating small streams to remove nuisance fishes but the likelihood of complete eradication of unwanted species, particularly warm-water fishes, is unknown. In October of 2008, we electrofished Bonita Creek, a small stream with base flows (<0.56 m3/s) in southern Arizona, and then treated the stream with rotenone to kill all of the remaining fish and quantify the effectiveness of single and multiple-pass electro fishing. Six, 100-m transects were electro fished on three consecutive days followed by a single treatment with rotenone. Fish caught using electrofishing were identified, counted and removed from each transect daily and then compared to numbers of dead fish collected during the subsequent rotenone application. Electrofishing effectiveness was highly variable among transects. Single-pass electrofishing caught an average of 23% (95% CI=5 to 40%) of the fish present, and three-pass electrofishing on consecutive days caught on average 55% (95% CI=28 to 83%) of the fish in each transect. Native Arizona fishes were more susceptible to electrofishing (77 % captured) than non-native species (54% captured), though native fish were rare. Transects in Bonita Creek averaged 3.6±1.5 m wide and 0.25±0.20 m deep (max depth 1.2 m). Bonita Creek is a small first-order stream which exhibits ideal conditions for backpack electrofishing, yet we captured a relatively small percentage of the fish present. This suggests that complete removal of non-native warm-water fishes using backpack electrofishing is not likely to be successful, especially in larger more complex streams.

","language":"English","publisher":"The Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science","doi":"10.2181/036.046.0202","usgsCitation":"Ward, D.L., O’neill, M.W., and Ka’apu-Lyons, C., 2015, Effectiveness of backpack electrofishing for removal of non-native fishes from a small warm-water stream: Journal of the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, v. 46, no. 2, p. 37-41, https://doi.org/10.2181/036.046.0202.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"41","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059255","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318501,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56d81cc6e4b015c306f62bf4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ward, David L. 0000-0002-3355-0637 dlward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3355-0637","contributorId":3879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dlward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’neill, Matthew W.","contributorId":167289,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’neill","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12922,"text":"Arizona Game and Fish Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ka’apu-Lyons, Cassie","contributorId":167290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ka’apu-Lyons","given":"Cassie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17202,"text":"University of Hawaii, Manoa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70173496,"text":"70173496 - 2015 - Predictive modelling of habitat use by marine predators with respect to the abundance and depth distribution of pelagic prey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-17T11:32:27","indexId":"70173496","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-24T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2158,"text":"Journal of Animal Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predictive modelling of habitat use by marine predators with respect to the abundance and depth distribution of pelagic prey","docAbstract":"
    \n
  1. Understanding the ecological processes that underpin species distribution patterns is a fundamental goal in spatial ecology. However, developing predictive models of habitat use is challenging for species that forage in marine environments, as both predators and prey are often highly mobile and difficult to monitor. Consequently, few studies have developed resource selection functions for marine predators based directly on the abundance and distribution of their prey.

    2. \n
  2. We analysed contemporaneous data on the diving locations of two seabird species, the shallow-diving Peruvian Booby (Sula variegata) and deeper diving Guanay Cormorant (Phalacrocorax bougainvilliorum), and the abundance and depth distribution of their main prey, Peruvian anchoveta (Engraulis ringens). Based on this unique data set, we developed resource selection functions to test the hypothesis that the probability of seabird diving behaviour at a given location is a function of the relative abundance of prey in the upper water column.

    3. \n
  3. For both species, we show that the probability of diving behaviour is mostly explained by the distribution of prey at shallow depths. While the probability of diving behaviour increases sharply with prey abundance at relatively low levels of abundance, support for including abundance in addition to the depth distribution of prey is weak, suggesting that prey abundance was not a major factor determining the location of diving behaviour during the study period.

    4. \n
  4. The study thus highlights the importance of the depth distribution of prey for two species of seabird with different diving capabilities. The results complement previous research that points towards the importance of oceanographic processes that enhance the accessibility of prey to seabirds. The implications are that locations where prey is predictably found at accessible depths may be more important for surface foragers, such as seabirds, than locations where prey is predictably abundant.

    5. \n
  5. Analysis of the relative importance of abundance and accessibility is essential for the design and evaluation of effective management responses to reduced prey availability for seabirds and other top predators in marine systems.
    6. \n
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1365-2656.12409","usgsCitation":"Boyd, C., Castillo, R., Hunt, G.L., Punt, A.E., VanBlaricom, G.R., Weimerskirch, H., and Bertrand, S., 2015, Predictive modelling of habitat use by marine predators with respect to the abundance and depth distribution of pelagic prey: Journal of Animal Ecology, v. 85, p. 1575-1588, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12409.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1575","endPage":"1588","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061620","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471497,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12409","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323879,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Ghana, Togo, Bénin, Nigeria, Cameroun, Gabon","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Guinea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -7.448730468749999,\n 4.23685605976896\n ],\n [\n 8.701171874999998,\n -1.208406497271858\n ],\n [\n 8.701171874999998,\n -0.6811362994451107\n ],\n [\n 9.0087890625,\n -0.5932511181408705\n ],\n [\n 9.16259765625,\n -0.21972602392080884\n ],\n [\n 9.140625,\n 0.4614207935306211\n ],\n [\n 9.525146484375,\n 0.8184536092473124\n ],\n [\n 9.29443359375,\n 1.1644706071806183\n ],\n [\n 9.60205078125,\n 1.7355743631421197\n ],\n [\n 9.7119140625,\n 1.9991059831233327\n ],\n [\n 9.7119140625,\n 2.3504147112508305\n ],\n [\n 9.810791015625,\n 2.701635047944533\n ],\n [\n 9.7998046875,\n 3.030812122664383\n ],\n [\n 9.865722656249998,\n 3.217302058187125\n ],\n [\n 9.667968749999998,\n 3.436658158559092\n ],\n [\n 9.25048828125,\n 3.9519408561575946\n ],\n [\n 8.514404296875,\n 4.466903610394136\n ],\n [\n 8.009033203125,\n 4.488809196778652\n ],\n [\n 7.31689453125,\n 4.357365927900159\n ],\n [\n 6.6796875,\n 4.214943141390651\n ],\n [\n 5.9765625,\n 4.1711154548674365\n ],\n [\n 5.723876953125,\n 4.390228926463384\n ],\n [\n 5.4931640625,\n 4.674979814820243\n ],\n [\n 4.976806640625,\n 5.725311447610156\n ],\n [\n 4.954833984374999,\n 5.769035866122148\n ],\n [\n 4.76806640625,\n 6.031310707125822\n ],\n [\n 4.405517578125,\n 6.271618064314864\n ],\n [\n 3.9880371093749996,\n 6.32621808201486\n ],\n [\n 3.49365234375,\n 6.304378764325824\n ],\n [\n 2.92236328125,\n 6.304378764325824\n ],\n [\n 2.449951171875,\n 6.249776453227831\n ],\n [\n 1.966552734375,\n 6.217012327817175\n ],\n [\n 1.23046875,\n 6.053161295714079\n ],\n [\n 1.12060546875,\n 5.79089681287197\n ],\n [\n 0.37353515625,\n 5.714379819235291\n ],\n [\n -0.3955078125,\n 5.37539777447476\n ],\n [\n -1.1865234375,\n 5.101887070062321\n ],\n [\n -1.9335937499999998,\n 4.674979814820243\n ],\n [\n -2.65869140625,\n 4.8282597468669755\n ],\n [\n -3.40576171875,\n 5.04717073691972\n ],\n [\n -4.5263671875,\n 5.112829778499462\n ],\n [\n -5.185546875,\n 5.069057826784033\n ],\n [\n -6.2841796875,\n 4.8282597468669755\n ],\n [\n -7.448730468749999,\n 4.23685605976896\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"85","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57651f3ae4b07657d19c791c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boyd, Charlotte","contributorId":172067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boyd","given":"Charlotte","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Castillo, Ramiro","contributorId":172068,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Castillo","given":"Ramiro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hunt, George L. Jr.","contributorId":56953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"George","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Punt, Andre E.","contributorId":172069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Punt","given":"Andre","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"VanBlaricom, Glenn R. glennvb@usgs.gov","contributorId":3540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanBlaricom","given":"Glenn","email":"glennvb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":637198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Weimerskirch, Henri 0000-0002-0457-586X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0457-586X","contributorId":172070,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weimerskirch","given":"Henri","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bertrand, Sophie","contributorId":172071,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bertrand","given":"Sophie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70161471,"text":"sir20155190 - 2015 - Flood-inundation maps for the Schoharie Creek at Prattsville, New York, 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-22T08:46:30","indexId":"sir20155190","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-18T15:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5190","title":"Flood-inundation maps for the Schoharie Creek at Prattsville, New York, 2014","docAbstract":"

Digital flood-inundation maps for a 2.6-mile reach of the Schoharie Creek at Prattsville, New York, were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. The flood-inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/, depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at the USGS streamgage at Schoharie Creek at Prattsville (station number 01350000). Near-real-time stages at this streamgage may be obtained online from the USGS National Water Information System (http://waterdata.usgs.gov/) or the National Weather Service Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (http://water.weather.gov/ahps/), which also forecasts flood hydrographs at this site. National Weather Service-forecasted peak-stage information may be used in conjunction with the maps developed in this study to show predicted areas and depths of flood inundation.

\n

Flood profiles were computed for the stream reach by means of a one-dimensional step-backwater model. The model was calibrated by using the stage-discharge relation (rating 82.0) at the Schoharie Creek at Prattsville streamgage (station 01350000) and high-water marks from the flood of August 28, 2011. The hydraulic model was then used to compute 17 water-surface profiles for flood stages at 1-foot intervals referenced to the streamgage datum and ranging from bankfull to greater than the highest recorded water level at the streamgage. The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a geographic information system digital elevation model, derived from light detection and ranging (lidar) data having a 0.61-foot vertical root-mean squared error and 6.6-foot horizontal resolution, in order to delineate the area flooded at each water level.

\n

These flood-inundation maps, along with near-real-time stage data from USGS streamgages and forecasted stage data from the National Weather Service, can provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities such as evacuations and road closures as well as for postflood recovery efforts.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155190","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","usgsCitation":"Nystrom, E.A., 2016, Flood-inundation maps for the Schoharie Creek at Prattsville, New York, 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5190, 12 p., 17 sheets, https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155190.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 15 p.; 17 Sheets: 17.00 x 22.00 inches or smaller; Application Sites; Metadata","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-067775","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316401,"rank":12,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5190/downloads/sir20155190_sheet10-prattsville-stage18.pdf","text":"Sheet10—stage of 18.0 feet","size":"6.11 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\"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.45520401000975,\n 42.34484284244194\n ],\n [\n -74.38894271850586,\n 42.34585783931204\n ],\n [\n -74.38568115234375,\n 42.29191344264761\n ],\n [\n -74.45228576660156,\n 42.28810385554954\n ],\n [\n -74.45520401000975,\n 42.34484284244194\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Road
Troy, NY 12180-8349

\n

Information requests:
(518) 285-5602
Or visit our Web site at:
http://ny.water.usgs.gov

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"publishedDate":"2016-02-18","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c6eb29e4b0946c6523b0ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nystrom, Elizabeth A. 0000-0002-0886-3439 nystrom@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0886-3439","contributorId":1072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nystrom","given":"Elizabeth","email":"nystrom@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":586436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70168513,"text":"70168513 - 2015 - Trade-offs in osmoregulation and parallel shifts in molecular function follow ecological transitions to freshwater in the Alewife","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-17T15:01:28","indexId":"70168513","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-17T16:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1598,"text":"Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trade-offs in osmoregulation and parallel shifts in molecular function follow ecological transitions to freshwater in the Alewife","docAbstract":"

Adaptation to freshwater may be expected to reduce performance in seawater because these environments represent opposing selective regimes. We tested for such a trade-off in populations of the Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus). Alewives are ancestrally anadromous, and multiple populations have been independently restricted to freshwater (landlocked). We conducted salinity challenge experiments, whereby juvenile Alewives from one anadromous and multiple landlocked populations were exposed to freshwater and seawater on acute and acclimation timescales. In response to acute salinity challenge trials, independently derived landlocked populations varied in the degree to which seawater tolerance has been lost. In laboratory-acclimation experiments, landlocked Alewives exhibited improved freshwater tolerance, which was correlated with reductions in seawater tolerance and hypo-osmotic balance, suggesting that trade-offs in osmoregulation may be associated with local adaptation to freshwater. We detected differentiation between life-history forms in the expression of an ion-uptake gene (NHE3), and in gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity. Trade-offs in osmoregulation, therefore, may be mediated by differentiation in ion-uptake and salt-secreting pathways.

","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Evolution","doi":"10.1111/evo.12774","usgsCitation":"Velotta, J.P., McCormick, S.D., and Schultz, E., 2015, Trade-offs in osmoregulation and parallel shifts in molecular function follow ecological transitions to freshwater in the Alewife: Evolution, v. 69, no. 10, p. 2676-2688, https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12774.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"2676","endPage":"2688","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061994","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318121,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c599ace4b0946c6521edff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Velotta, Jonathan P.","contributorId":86281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Velotta","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCormick, Stephen D. 0000-0003-0621-6200 smccormick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6200","contributorId":139214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCormick","given":"Stephen","email":"smccormick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schultz, Eric T.","contributorId":77071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"Eric T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70168348,"text":"70168348 - 2015 - State-space modeling to support management of brucellosis in the Yellowstone bison population","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-17T10:37:37","indexId":"70168348","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-17T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1459,"text":"Ecological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"State-space modeling to support management of brucellosis in the Yellowstone bison population","docAbstract":"

The bison (Bison bison) of the Yellowstone ecosystem, USA, exemplify the difficulty of conserving large mammals that migrate across the boundaries of conservation areas. Bison are infected with brucellosis (Brucella abortus) and their seasonal movements can expose livestock to infection. Yellowstone National Park has embarked on a program of adaptive management of bison, which requires a model that assimilates data to support management decisions. We constructed a Bayesian state-space model to reveal the influence of brucellosis on the Yellowstone bison population. A frequency-dependent model of brucellosis transmission was superior to a density-dependent model in predicting out-of-sample observations of horizontal transmission probability. A mixture model including both transmission mechanisms converged on frequency dependence. Conditional on the frequency-dependent model, brucellosis median transmission rate was 1.87 yr−1. The median of the posterior distribution of the basic reproductive ratio (R0) was 1.75. Seroprevalence of adult females varied around 60% over two decades, but only 9.6 of 100 adult females were infectious. Brucellosis depressed recruitment; estimated population growth rate λ averaged 1.07 for an infected population and 1.11 for a healthy population. We used five-year forecasting to evaluate the ability of different actions to meet management goals relative to no action. Annually removing 200 seropositive female bison increased by 30-fold the probability of reducing seroprevalence below 40% and increased by a factor of 120 the probability of achieving a 50% reduction in transmission probability relative to no action. Annually vaccinating 200 seronegative animals increased the likelihood of a 50% reduction in transmission probability by fivefold over no action. However, including uncertainty in the ability to implement management by representing stochastic variation in the number of accessible bison dramatically reduced the probability of achieving goals using interventions relative to no action. Because the width of the posterior predictive distributions of future population states expands rapidly with increases in the forecast horizon, managers must accept high levels of uncertainty. These findings emphasize the necessity of iterative, adaptive management with relatively short-term commitment to action and frequent reevaluation in response to new data and model forecasts. We believe our approach has broad applications.

","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/14-1413.1","usgsCitation":"Hobbs, N., Geremia, C., Treanor, J., Wallen, R., White, P., Hooten, M., and Rhyan, J.C., 2015, State-space modeling to support management of brucellosis in the Yellowstone bison population: Ecological Monographs, v. 85, no. 4, p. 525-556, https://doi.org/10.1890/14-1413.1.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"525","endPage":"556","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053288","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318110,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","volume":"85","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c599ace4b0946c6521edfc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hobbs, N. Thompson","contributorId":35031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hobbs","given":"N. Thompson","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Geremia, Chris","contributorId":167003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Geremia","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Treanor, John","contributorId":92063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Treanor","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wallen, Rick","contributorId":14202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallen","given":"Rick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"White, P.J.","contributorId":91436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"P.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hooten, Mevin 0000-0002-1614-723X mhooten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1614-723X","contributorId":2958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooten","given":"Mevin","email":"mhooten@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12963,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rhyan, Jack C.","contributorId":11185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rhyan","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70168356,"text":"70168356 - 2015 - Seasonal cues of Arctic grayling movement in a small Arctic stream: the importance of surface water connectivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-17T10:23:59","indexId":"70168356","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-17T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal cues of Arctic grayling movement in a small Arctic stream: the importance of surface water connectivity","docAbstract":"

In Arctic ecosystems, freshwater fish migrate seasonally between productive shallow water habitats that freeze in winter and deep overwinter refuge in rivers and lakes. How these movements relate to seasonal hydrology is not well understood. We used passive integrated transponder tags and stream wide antennae to track 1035 Arctic grayling in Crea Creek, a seasonally flowing beaded stream on the Arctic Coastal Plain, Alaska. Migration of juvenile and adult fish into Crea Creek peaked in June immediately after ice break-up in the stream. Fish that entered the stream during periods of high flow and cold stream temperature traveled farther upstream than those entering during periods of lower flow and warmer temperature. We used generalized linear models to relate migration of adult and juvenile fish out of Crea Creek to hydrology. Most adults migrated in late June – early July, and there was best support (Akaike weight = 0.46; w i ) for a model indicating that the rate of migration increased with decreasing discharge. Juvenile migration occurred in two peaks; the early peak consisted of larger juveniles and coincided with adult migration, while the later peak occurred shortly before freeze-up in September and included smaller juveniles. A model that included discharge, minimum stream temperature, year, season, and mean size of potential migrants was most strongly supported (w i  = 0.86). Juvenile migration rate increased sharply as daily minimum stream temperature decreased, suggesting fish respond to impending freeze-up. We found fish movements to be intimately tied to the strong seasonality of discharge and temperature, and demonstrate the importance of small stream connectivity for migratory Arctic grayling during the entire open-water period. The ongoing and anticipated effects of climate change and petroleum development on Arctic hydrology (e.g. reduced stream connectivity, earlier peak flows, increased evapotranspiration) have important implications for Arctic freshwater ecosystems.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10641-015-0453-x","usgsCitation":"Heim, K.C., Wipfli, M.S., Whitman, M.S., Arp, C.D., Adams, J., and Falke, J.A., 2015, Seasonal cues of Arctic grayling movement in a small Arctic stream: the importance of surface water connectivity: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 99, no. 1, p. 49-65, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-015-0453-x.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"65","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060031","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318109,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"99","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c599ace4b0946c6521edf6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heim, Kurt C.","contributorId":138832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heim","given":"Kurt","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wipfli, Mark S. 0000-0002-4856-6068 mwipfli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4856-6068","contributorId":1425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wipfli","given":"Mark","email":"mwipfli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Whitman, Matthew S.","contributorId":67961,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitman","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Arp, Christopher D.","contributorId":17330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arp","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Adams, Jeff","contributorId":167002,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"Jeff","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Falke, Jeffrey A. 0000-0002-6670-8250 jfalke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6670-8250","contributorId":5195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Falke","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jfalke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70168359,"text":"70168359 - 2015 - Toward a mechanistic understanding of human-induced rapid environmental change: A case study linking energy development, avian nest predation, and predators","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-16T11:32:01","indexId":"70168359","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-16T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toward a mechanistic understanding of human-induced rapid environmental change: A case study linking energy development, avian nest predation, and predators","docAbstract":"
    \n
  1. Demographic consequences of human-induced rapid environmental change (HIREC) have been widely documented for many populations. The mechanisms underlying such patterns, however, are rarely investigated and yet are critical to understand for effective conservation and management.
    2. \n
  2. We investigated the mechanisms underlying reduced avian nest survival with intensification of natural gas development, an increasing source of human-induced rapid environmental change globally. We tested the hypothesis that energy development increased the local activity of important nest predator species, thereby elevating nest predation rates. During 2011–2012, we surveyed predators and monitored 668 nests of Brewer's sparrows Spizella breweri (BRSP), sagebrush sparrows Artemisiospiza nevadensis(SASPs) and sage thrashers Oreoscoptes montanus (SATHs) breeding at twelve sites spanning a gradient of habitat loss from energy development in western Wyoming, USA.
    3. \n
  3. Nine species, representing four mammalian and three avian families, were video-recorded depredating eggs and nestlings. Important nest predator species differed across songbird species, despite similar nesting habitats. Approximately 75% of depredation events were by rodents.
    4. \n
  4. Consistent with our predictions, detections of most rodent nest predators increased with surrounding habitat loss due to natural gas development, which was associated with increased probability of nest predation for our three focal bird species.
    5. \n
  5. An altered nest predator assemblage was therefore at least partly responsible for elevated avian nest predation risk in areas with more surrounding energy development.
    6. \n
  6. Synthesis and applications. We demonstrate one mechanism, that is the local augmentation of predators, by which human-induced rapid environmental change can influence the demography of local populations. Given the accelerating trajectory of global energy demands, an important next step will be to understand why the activity and/or abundance of rodent predators increased with surrounding habitat loss from energy development activities.
    7. \n
","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.12513","usgsCitation":"Hethcoat, M.G., and Chalfoun, A.D., 2015, Toward a mechanistic understanding of human-induced rapid environmental change: A case study linking energy development, avian nest predation, and predators: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 52, no. 6, p. 1492-1499, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12513.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1492","endPage":"1499","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064786","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471498,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12513","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":318068,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c44832e4b0946c65211722","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.12513","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12513","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Hethcoat Matthew G., Chalfoun Anna D.","journalName":"Journal of Applied Ecology","publicationDate":"9/4/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hethcoat, Matthew G.","contributorId":66565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hethcoat","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chalfoun, Anna D. achalfoun@usgs.gov","contributorId":3735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chalfoun","given":"Anna","email":"achalfoun@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":619799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70168357,"text":"70168357 - 2015 - Incorporating microbial dormancy dynamics into soil decomposition models to improve quantification of soil carbon dynamics of northern temperate forests","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-16T10:53:43","indexId":"70168357","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-16T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2319,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Incorporating microbial dormancy dynamics into soil decomposition models to improve quantification of soil carbon dynamics of northern temperate forests","docAbstract":"

Soil carbon dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems play a significant role in the global carbon cycle. Microbial-based decomposition models have seen much growth recently for quantifying this role, yet dormancy as a common strategy used by microorganisms has not usually been represented and tested in these models against field observations. Here we developed an explicit microbial-enzyme decomposition model and examined model performance with and without representation of microbial dormancy at six temperate forest sites of different forest types. We then extrapolated the model to global temperate forest ecosystems to investigate biogeochemical controls on soil heterotrophic respiration and microbial dormancy dynamics at different temporal-spatial scales. The dormancy model consistently produced better match with field-observed heterotrophic soil CO2 efflux (RH) than the no dormancy model. Our regional modeling results further indicated that models with dormancy were able to produce more realistic magnitude of microbial biomass (<2% of soil organic carbon) and soil RH (7.5 ± 2.4 Pg C yr−1). Spatial correlation analysis showed that soil organic carbon content was the dominating factor (correlation coefficient = 0.4–0.6) in the simulated spatial pattern of soil RHwith both models. In contrast to strong temporal and local controls of soil temperature and moisture on microbial dormancy, our modeling results showed that soil carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C:N) was a major regulating factor at regional scales (correlation coefficient = −0.43 to −0.58), indicating scale-dependent biogeochemical controls on microbial dynamics. Our findings suggest that incorporating microbial dormancy could improve the realism of microbial-based decomposition models and enhance the integration of soil experiments and mechanistically based modeling.

","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2015JG003130","usgsCitation":"He, Y., Yang, J., Zhuang, Q., Harden, J.W., McGuire, A.D., Liu, Y., Wang, G., and Gu, L., 2015, Incorporating microbial dormancy dynamics into soil decomposition models to improve quantification of soil carbon dynamics of northern temperate forests: Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences, v. 120, no. 12, p. 2596-2611, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JG003130.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"2596","endPage":"2611","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062475","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471499,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jg003130","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":318062,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"120","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c4482be4b0946c652116e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"He, Yujie","contributorId":32444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"He","given":"Yujie","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yang, Jinyan","contributorId":166929,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yang","given":"Jinyan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhuang, Qianlai","contributorId":101975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhuang","given":"Qianlai","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harden, Jennifer W. 0000-0002-6570-8259 jharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":1971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Jennifer","email":"jharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McGuire, A. David 0000-0003-4646-0750 ffadm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4646-0750","contributorId":166708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"A.","email":"ffadm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":619797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Liu, Yaling","contributorId":166930,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Yaling","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wang, Gangsheng","contributorId":166931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Gangsheng","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gu, Lianhong 0000-0001-5756-8738","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5756-8738","contributorId":166932,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gu","given":"Lianhong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70168365,"text":"70168365 - 2015 - Population trends and survival of nesting green sea turtles Chelonia mydas on Aves Island, Venezuela","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-02T15:06:23.594321","indexId":"70168365","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-16T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1497,"text":"Endangered Species Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Population trends and survival of nesting green sea turtles Chelonia mydas on Aves Island, Venezuela","title":"Population trends and survival of nesting green sea turtles Chelonia mydas on Aves Island, Venezuela","docAbstract":"

Long-term demographic data are valuable for assessing the effect of anthropogenic impacts on endangered species and evaluating recovery programs. Using a 2-state open robust design model, we analyzed mark-recapture data from green turtles Chelonia mydas sighted between 1979 and 2009 on Aves Island, Venezuela, a rookery heavily impacted by human activities before it was declared a wildlife refuge in 1972. Based on the encounter histories of 7689 nesting females, we estimated the abundance, annual survival, and remigration intervals for this population. Female survival varied from 0.14-0.91, with a mean of 0.79, which is low compared to survival of other populations from the Caribbean (mean = 0.84) and Australia (mean = 0.95), even though we partially corrected for tag loss, which is known to negatively bias survival estimates. This supports prior suggestions that Caribbean populations in general, and the Aves Island population in particular, may be more strongly impacted than populations elsewhere. It is likely that nesters from this rookery are extracted while foraging in remote feeding grounds where hunting still occurs. Despite its relatively low survival, the nesting population at Aves Island increased during the past 30 years from approx. 500 to >1000 nesting females in 2009. Thus, this population, like others in the Caribbean and the Atlantic, seems to be slowly recovering following protective management. Although these findings support the importance of long-term conservation programs aimed at protecting nesting grounds, they also highlight the need to extend management actions to foraging grounds where human activities may still impact green turtle populations.

","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research Science Publisher","doi":"10.3354/esr00695","usgsCitation":"Garcia-Cruz, M.A., Lampo, M., Penaloza, C.L., Kendall, W., Sole, G., and Rodriguez-Clark, K.M., 2015, Population trends and survival of nesting green sea turtles Chelonia mydas on Aves Island, Venezuela: Endangered Species Research, v. 29, no. 2, p. 103-116, https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00695.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"103","endPage":"116","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061027","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471500,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00695","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":318059,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Venezuela","otherGeospatial":"Aves Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -63.38424114450454,\n 15.41986000335801\n ],\n [\n -63.38424114450454,\n 15.383063099888886\n ],\n [\n -63.33335107339563,\n 15.383063099888886\n ],\n [\n -63.33335107339563,\n 15.41986000335801\n ],\n [\n -63.38424114450454,\n 15.41986000335801\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c44831e4b0946c6521170b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garcia-Cruz, Marco A.","contributorId":166909,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garcia-Cruz","given":"Marco","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lampo, Margarita","contributorId":166910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lampo","given":"Margarita","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Penaloza, Claudia L.","contributorId":166911,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Penaloza","given":"Claudia","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kendall, William L. 0000-0003-0084-9891 wkendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-9891","contributorId":166709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"William L.","email":"wkendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":619805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sole, Genaro","contributorId":166912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sole","given":"Genaro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rodriguez-Clark, Kathryn M.","contributorId":166913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rodriguez-Clark","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70168369,"text":"70168369 - 2015 - Depth of artificial Burrowing Owl burrows affects thermal suitability and occupancy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-16T09:09:59","indexId":"70168369","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-16T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Depth of artificial Burrowing Owl burrows affects thermal suitability and occupancy","docAbstract":"

Many organizations have installed artificial burrows to help bolster local Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia) populations. However, occupancy probability and reproductive success in artificial burrows varies within and among burrow installations. We evaluated the possibility that depth below ground might explain differences in occupancy probability and reproductive success by affecting the temperature of artificial burrows. We measured burrow temperatures from March to July 2010 in 27 artificial burrows in southern California that were buried 15–76 cm below the surface (measured between the surface and the top of the burrow chamber). Burrow depth was one of several characteristics that affected burrow temperature. Burrow temperature decreased by 0.03°C per cm of soil on top of the burrow. The percentage of time that artificial burrows provided a thermal refuge from above-ground temperature decreased with burrow depth and ranged between 50% and 58% among burrows. The percentage of time that burrow temperature was optimal for incubating females also decreased with burrow depth and ranged between 27% and 100% among burrows. However, the percentage of time that burrow temperature was optimal for unattended eggs increased with burrow depth and ranged between 11% and 95% among burrows. We found no effect of burrow depth on reproductive success across 21 nesting attempts. However, occupancy probability had a non-linear relationship with burrow depth. The shallowest burrows (15 cm) had a moderate probability of being occupied (0.46), burrows between 28 and 40 cm had the highest probability of being occupied (>0.80), and burrows >53 cm had the lowest probability of being occupied (<0.43). Burrowing Owls may prefer burrows at moderate depths because these burrows provide a thermal refuge from above-ground temperatures, and are often cool enough to allow females to leave eggs unattended before the onset of full-time incubation, but not too cool for incubating females that spend most of their time in the burrow during incubation. Our results suggest that depth is an important consideration when installing artificial burrows for Burrowing Owls. However, additional study is needed to determine the possible effects of burrow depth on reproductive success and on possible tradeoffs between the effects of burrow depth on optimal temperature and other factors, such as minimizing the risk of nest predation.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jofo.12119","usgsCitation":"Nadeau, C.P., Conway, C.J., and Rathbun, N., 2015, Depth of artificial Burrowing Owl burrows affects thermal suitability and occupancy: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 86, no. 4, p. 288-297, https://doi.org/10.1111/jofo.12119.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"288","endPage":"297","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066728","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318037,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"86","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c4482ae4b0946c652116d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nadeau, Christopher P.","contributorId":105956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nadeau","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conway, Courtney J. 0000-0003-0492-2953 cconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0492-2953","contributorId":2951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Courtney","email":"cconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rathbun, Nathan","contributorId":166899,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rathbun","given":"Nathan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70168364,"text":"70168364 - 2015 - Evaluation of a waistband for attaching external radiotransmitters to anurans","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-16T09:18:56","indexId":"70168364","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-16T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of a waistband for attaching external radiotransmitters to anurans","docAbstract":"

Radiotelemetry provides fine-scale temporal and spatial information about an individual's movements and habitat use; however, its use for monitoring amphibians has been restricted by transmitter mass and lack of suitable attachment techniques. We describe a novel waistband for attaching external radiotransmitters to anurans and evaluate the percentages of resulting abrasions, lacerations, and shed transmitters. We used radiotelemetry to monitor movements and habitat use of wood frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus) in 2006 and 2011–2013 in Maine, USA; American toads (Anaxyrus americanus) in 2012 in North Carolina, USA; and, wood frogs, southern leopard frogs (L. sphenocephalus), and green frogs (L. clamitans) in 2012 in South Carolina, USA. We monitored 172 anurans for 1–365 days (56.4 ± 59.4) in a single year and 1–691 days (60.5 ± 94.1) across years. Our waistband resulted in an injury percentage comparable to 7 alternative anuran waistband attachment techniques; however, 12.5% fewer anurans shed their waistband when attached with our technique. Waistband retention facilitates longer monitoring periods and, thus, provides a greater quantity of data per radiotagged individual.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/wsb.554","usgsCitation":"Groff, L.A., Pitt, A.L., Baldwin, R.F., Calhoun, A.J., and Loftin, C., 2015, Evaluation of a waistband for attaching external radiotransmitters to anurans: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 39, no. 3, p. 610-615, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.554.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"610","endPage":"615","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059664","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500030,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/2de99f8197794b30b5eb6bbf1c431a2c","text":"External Repository"},{"id":318039,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c4482be4b0946c652116dc","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/wsb.554","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wsb.554","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Groff Luke A., Pitt Amber L., Baldwin Robert F., Calhoun Aram J. K., Loftin Cynthia S.","journalName":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","publicationDate":"7/2015","auditedOn":"10/1/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Groff, Luke A.","contributorId":95735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groff","given":"Luke","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pitt, Amber L.","contributorId":166900,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pitt","given":"Amber","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baldwin, Robert F.","contributorId":96415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldwin","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Calhoun, Aram J.K.","contributorId":93829,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Calhoun","given":"Aram","email":"","middleInitial":"J.K.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Loftin, Cyndy 0000-0001-9104-3724 cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-3724","contributorId":146427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Cyndy","email":"cyndy_loftin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70173495,"text":"70173495 - 2015 - Effects of geoduck (Panopea generosa) aquaculture on resident and transient macrofauna communities of Puget Sound, Washington, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-17T11:44:36","indexId":"70173495","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-16T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2455,"text":"Journal of Shellfish Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of geoduck (Panopea generosa) aquaculture on resident and transient macrofauna communities of Puget Sound, Washington, USA","docAbstract":"

In Washington state, commercial culture of geoducks (Panopea generosa) involves large-scale out-planting of juveniles to intertidal habitats, and installation of PVC tubes and netting to exclude predators and increase early survival. Structures associated with this nascent aquaculture method are examined to determine whether they affect patterns of use by resident and transient macrofauna. Results are summarized from regular surveys of aquaculture operations and reference beaches in 2009 to 2011 at three sites during three phases of culture: (1) pregear (-geoducks, -structure), (2) gear present (+geoducks, +structures), and (3) postgear (+geoducks, -structures). Resident macroinvertebrates (infauna and epifauna) were sampled monthly (in most cases) using coring methods at low tide during all three phases. Differences in community composition between culture plots and reference areas were examined with permutational analysis of variance and homogeneity of multivariate dispersion tests. Scuba and shoreline transect surveys were used to examine habitat use by transient fish and macroinvertebrates. Analysis of similarity and complementary nonmetric multidimensional scaling were used to compare differences between species functional groups and habitat type during different aquaculture phases. Results suggest that resident and transient macrofauna respond differently to structures associated with geoduck aquaculture. No consistent differences in the community of resident macrofauna were observed at culture plots or reference areas at the three sites during any year. Conversely, total abundance of transient fish and macroinvertebrates were more than two times greater at culture plots than reference areas when aquaculture structures were in place. Community composition differed (analysis of similarity) between culture and reference plots during the gear-present phase, but did not persist to the next farming stage (postgear). Habitat complexity associated with shellfish aquaculture may attract some structure-associated transient species observed infrequently on reference beaches, and may displace other species that typically occur in areas lacking epibenthic structure. This study provides a first look at the effects of multiple phases of geoduck farming on macrofauna, and has important implications for the management of a rapidly expanding sector of the aquaculture industry.

","language":"English","publisher":"National Shellfisheries Association","doi":"10.2983/035.034.0122","usgsCitation":"Mcdonald, P.S., Galloway, A.W., McPeek, K.C., and VanBlaricom, G.R., 2015, Effects of geoduck (Panopea generosa) aquaculture on resident and transient macrofauna communities of Puget Sound, Washington, USA: Journal of Shellfish Research, p. 189-202, https://doi.org/10.2983/035.034.0122.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"189","endPage":"202","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061621","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323884,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Puget Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.035888671875,\n 48.69458640884518\n ],\n [\n -122.95349121093749,\n 47.94026691125948\n ],\n [\n -122.882080078125,\n 47.72823964536174\n ],\n [\n -123.21441650390625,\n 47.36301344013392\n ],\n [\n -123.14849853515625,\n 47.023333688184934\n ],\n [\n -122.29156494140625,\n 47.04579711504287\n ],\n [\n -122.22564697265625,\n 47.34626718205302\n ],\n [\n -122.17071533203125,\n 47.53389264528655\n ],\n [\n -122.01965332031249,\n 47.557993859037765\n ],\n [\n -122.05535888671875,\n 47.700520033704954\n ],\n [\n -122.23114013671875,\n 47.897930761804936\n ],\n [\n -122.05810546875,\n 47.98624517426206\n ],\n [\n -122.04986572265624,\n 48.03034580796616\n ],\n [\n -122.46734619140625,\n 48.5147849720974\n ],\n [\n -122.41241455078125,\n 48.600225060468915\n ],\n [\n -122.43713378906249,\n 48.72720881940671\n ],\n [\n -122.4920654296875,\n 48.78153250728971\n ],\n [\n -123.035888671875,\n 48.69458640884518\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57651f32e4b07657d19c788f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mcdonald, P. Sean","contributorId":171699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mcdonald","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"Sean","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Galloway, Aaron W.E.","contributorId":172072,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Galloway","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"W.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McPeek, Kathleen C.","contributorId":172073,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McPeek","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"VanBlaricom, Glenn R. glennvb@usgs.gov","contributorId":3540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanBlaricom","given":"Glenn","email":"glennvb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":637197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70173494,"text":"70173494 - 2015 - Distribution, abundance, and habitat associations of a large bivalve (Panopea generosa) in a eutrophic, fjord estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-17T12:01:14","indexId":"70173494","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-15T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2455,"text":"Journal of Shellfish Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution, abundance, and habitat associations of a large bivalve (Panopea generosa) in a eutrophic, fjord estuary","docAbstract":"

Marine bivalves are important ecosystem constituents and frequently support valuable fisheries. In many nearshore areas, human disturbance—including declining habitat and water quality—can affect the distribution and abundance of bivalve populations, and complicate ecosystem and fishery management assessments. Infaunal bivalves, in particular, are frequently cryptic and difficult to detect; thus, assessing potential impacts on their populations requires suitable, scalable methods for estimating abundance and distribution. In this study, population size of a common benthic bivalve (the geoduck Panopea generosa) is estimated with a Bayesian habitat-based model fit to scuba and tethered camera data in Hood Canal, a fjord basin in Washington state. Densities declined more than two orders of magnitude along a north—south gradient, concomitant with patterns of deepwater dissolved oxygen, and intensity and duration of seasonal hypoxia. Across the basin, geoducks were most abundant in loose, unconsolidated, sand substrate. The current study demonstrates the utility of using scuba, tethered video, and habitat models to estimate the abundance and distribution of a large infaunal bivalve at a regional (385-km2) scale.

","language":"English","publisher":"National Shellfisheries Association","doi":"10.2983/035.034.0117","usgsCitation":"Mcdonald, P.S., Essington, T.E., Davis, J.P., Galloway, A.W., Stevick, B.C., Jensen, G.C., VanBlaricom, G.R., and Armstrong, D., 2015, Distribution, abundance, and habitat associations of a large bivalve (Panopea generosa) in a eutrophic, fjord estuary: Journal of Shellfish Research, v. 34, no. 1, p. 137-145, https://doi.org/10.2983/035.034.0117.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"137","endPage":"145","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063458","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323886,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Hood Canal","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.84362792968749,\n 47.44480754169439\n ],\n [\n -122.838134765625,\n 47.428087261714275\n ],\n [\n -122.93426513671875,\n 47.37696459572701\n ],\n [\n -123.02627563476562,\n 47.349989032003215\n ],\n [\n -123.07159423828125,\n 47.344406158662096\n ],\n [\n -123.101806640625,\n 47.352780247239586\n ],\n [\n -123.10867309570311,\n 47.333238640473475\n ],\n [\n -123.14163208007811,\n 47.336961408985005\n ],\n [\n -123.167724609375,\n 47.352780247239586\n ],\n [\n -123.15948486328126,\n 47.38998234483188\n ],\n [\n -123.12240600585938,\n 47.4596655525415\n ],\n [\n -123.06335449218749,\n 47.53111102290634\n ],\n [\n -123.00155639648436,\n 47.61264397257417\n ],\n [\n -122.96585083007812,\n 47.640410285382224\n ],\n [\n -122.93014526367188,\n 47.65891296651944\n ],\n [\n -122.89993286132812,\n 47.706065135695745\n ],\n [\n -122.88894653320311,\n 47.743017409121826\n ],\n [\n -122.87933349609376,\n 47.81684332352077\n ],\n [\n -122.87109375,\n 47.82975208084834\n ],\n [\n -122.81204223632811,\n 47.86293128876346\n ],\n [\n -122.78045654296874,\n 47.83528342275264\n ],\n [\n -122.7777099609375,\n 47.81684332352077\n ],\n [\n -122.80929565429688,\n 47.70514099299205\n ],\n [\n -122.78320312499999,\n 47.68850362252604\n ],\n [\n -122.7777099609375,\n 47.75502125407674\n ],\n [\n -122.75161743164061,\n 47.79470655664555\n ],\n [\n -122.73239135742188,\n 47.82237604116143\n ],\n [\n -122.69119262695311,\n 47.850952356425296\n ],\n [\n -122.68981933593749,\n 47.869380336792005\n ],\n [\n -122.60879516601561,\n 47.8527954492302\n ],\n [\n -122.67608642578126,\n 47.79562911029222\n ],\n [\n -122.71728515624999,\n 47.74486433470359\n ],\n [\n -122.73788452148436,\n 47.71715357016648\n ],\n [\n -122.74200439453125,\n 47.68203210030427\n ],\n [\n -122.75161743164061,\n 47.66168780332917\n ],\n [\n -122.84225463867186,\n 47.635783590864854\n ],\n [\n -122.838134765625,\n 47.65058757118734\n ],\n [\n -122.85873413085936,\n 47.64318610543658\n ],\n [\n -122.91366577148438,\n 47.613569753973955\n ],\n [\n -122.93701171874999,\n 47.581157652951454\n ],\n [\n -122.95486450195311,\n 47.57930492644292\n ],\n [\n -122.96585083007812,\n 47.57467282332527\n ],\n [\n -122.991943359375,\n 47.53945544742392\n ],\n [\n -123.02490234375,\n 47.49864785970502\n ],\n [\n -123.06060791015624,\n 47.45037978769006\n ],\n [\n -123.10455322265625,\n 47.40299687942135\n ],\n [\n -123.09494018554686,\n 47.38440370312246\n ],\n [\n -123.04412841796875,\n 47.37603463349758\n ],\n [\n -123.00292968749999,\n 47.386263315961884\n ],\n [\n -122.97134399414061,\n 47.409502941311075\n ],\n [\n -122.85873413085936,\n 47.44294999517949\n ],\n [\n -122.84362792968749,\n 47.44480754169439\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57651f32e4b07657d19c788d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mcdonald, P. Sean","contributorId":171699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mcdonald","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"Sean","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Essington, Timothy E.","contributorId":95826,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Essington","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13190,"text":"School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":639538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, Jonathan P.","contributorId":172078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Galloway, Aaron W.E.","contributorId":172072,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Galloway","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"W.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stevick, Bethany C.","contributorId":172079,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stevick","given":"Bethany","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jensen, Gregory C.","contributorId":172080,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jensen","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"VanBlaricom, Glenn R. glennvb@usgs.gov","contributorId":3540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanBlaricom","given":"Glenn","email":"glennvb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":637196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Armstrong, David A.","contributorId":172081,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Armstrong","given":"David A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70168432,"text":"70168432 - 2015 - Large divergence of satellite and Earth system model estimates of global terrestrial CO2 fertilization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-03T11:20:50","indexId":"70168432","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-12T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2841,"text":"Nature Climate Change","onlineIssn":"1758-6798","printIssn":"1758-678X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large divergence of satellite and Earth system model estimates of global terrestrial CO2 fertilization","docAbstract":"

Atmospheric mass balance analyses suggest that terrestrial carbon (C) storage is increasing, partially abating the atmospheric [CO2] growth rate, although the continued strength of this important ecosystem service remains uncertain. Some evidence suggests that these increases will persist owing to positive responses of vegetation growth (net primary productivity; NPP) to rising atmospheric [CO2] (that is, ‘CO2 fertilization’). Here, we present a new satellite-derived global terrestrial NPP data set, which shows a significant increase in NPP from 1982 to 2011. However, comparison against Earth system model (ESM) NPP estimates reveals a significant divergence, with satellite-derived increases (2.8 ± 1.50%) less than half of ESM-derived increases (7.6  ±  1.67%) over the 30-year period. By isolating the CO2 fertilization effect in each NPP time series and comparing it against a synthesis of available free-air CO2 enrichment data, we provide evidence that much of the discrepancy may be due to an over-sensitivity of ESMs to atmospheric [CO2], potentially reflecting an under-representation of climatic feedbacks and/or a lack of representation of nutrient constraints. Our understanding of CO2 fertilization effects on NPP needs rapid improvement to enable more accurate projections of future C cycle–climate feedbacks; we contend that better integration of modelling, satellite and experimental approaches offers a promising way forward.

","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/nclimate2879","usgsCitation":"Smith, W.K., Reed, S.C., Cleveland, C.C., Ballantyne, A.P., Anderegg, W.R., Wieder, W.R., Liu, Y.Y., and Running, S.W., 2015, Large divergence of satellite and Earth system model estimates of global terrestrial CO2 fertilization: Nature Climate Change, v. 6, p. 306-310, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2879.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"306","endPage":"310","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066726","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318001,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bf022be4b06458514b30f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, W. Kolby","contributorId":166783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kolby","affiliations":[{"id":24513,"text":"Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reed, Sasha C. 0000-0002-8597-8619 screed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8597-8619","contributorId":462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Sasha","email":"screed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cleveland, Cory C.","contributorId":10264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleveland","given":"Cory","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ballantyne, Ashley P","contributorId":166784,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ballantyne","given":"Ashley","email":"","middleInitial":"P","affiliations":[{"id":24513,"text":"Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderegg, William R. L.","contributorId":166785,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderegg","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R. L.","affiliations":[{"id":24514,"text":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wieder, William R.","contributorId":75792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieder","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Liu, Yi Y","contributorId":166786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Yi","email":"","middleInitial":"Y","affiliations":[{"id":24515,"text":"ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Systems Science & Climate Change Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Running, Steven W. 0000-0001-6906-3841","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6906-3841","contributorId":53258,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Running","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7089,"text":"University of Montana, Missoula, MT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70168435,"text":"70168435 - 2015 - Floristic similarity, diversity and endemism as indicators of refugia characteristics and needs in the West","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-12T13:18:14","indexId":"70168435","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-12T14:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1004,"text":"Biodiversity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Floristic similarity, diversity and endemism as indicators of refugia characteristics and needs in the West","docAbstract":"

The floras of mountain ranges, and their similarity, beta diversity and endemism, are indicative of processes of community assembly; they are also the initial conditions for coming disassembly and reassembly in response to climate change. As such, these characteristics can inform thinking on refugia. The published floras or approximations for 42 mountain ranges in the three major mountain systems (Sierra-Cascades, Rocky Mountains and Great Basin ranges) across the western USA and southwestern Canada were analysed. The similarity is higher among the ranges of the Rockies while equally low among the ranges of the Sierra-Cascades and Great Basin. Mantel correlations of similarity with geographic distance are also higher for the Rocky Mountains. Endemism is relatively high, but is highest in the Sierra-Cascades (due to the Sierra Nevada as the single largest range) and lowest in the Great Basin, where assemblages are allochthonous. These differences indicate that the geologic substrates of the Cascade volcanoes, which are much younger than any others, play a role in addition to geographic isolation in community assembly. The pattern of similarity and endemism indicates that the ranges of the Cascades will not function well as stepping stones and the endemic species that they harbor may need more protection than those of the Rocky Mountains. The geometry of the ranges is complemented by geology in setting the stage for similarity and the potential for refugia across the West. Understanding the geographic template as initial conditions for the future can guide the forecast of refugia and related monitoring or protection efforts.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/14888386.2015.1117989","usgsCitation":"Malanson, G.P., Zimmerman, D.L., and Fagre, D.B., 2015, Floristic similarity, diversity and endemism as indicators of refugia characteristics and needs in the West: Biodiversity, v. 16, no. 4, p. 237-246, https://doi.org/10.1080/14888386.2015.1117989.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"246","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066834","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":317997,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bf0229e4b06458514b30f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Malanson, George P.","contributorId":36768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malanson","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zimmerman, Dale L.","contributorId":166811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6768,"text":"University of Iowa","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fagre, Daniel B. 0000-0001-8552-9461 dan_fagre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8552-9461","contributorId":2036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagre","given":"Daniel","email":"dan_fagre@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70168425,"text":"70168425 - 2015 - Past and future warming of a deep European lake (Lake Lugano): What are the climatic drivers?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-12T13:11:25","indexId":"70168425","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-12T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Past and future warming of a deep European lake (Lake Lugano): What are the climatic drivers?","docAbstract":"

We used four decades (1972–2013) of temperature data from Lake Lugano, Switzerland and Italy, to address the hypotheses that: [i] the lake has been warming; [ii] part of the warming reflects global trends and is independent from climatic oscillations and [iii] the lake will continue to warm until the end of the 21st century. During the time spanned by our data, the surface waters of the lake (0–5 m) warmed at rates of 0.2–0.9 °C per decade, depending on season. The temperature of the deep waters (50-m bottom) displayed a rising trend in a meromictic basin of the lake and a sawtooth pattern in the other basin, which is holomictic. Long-term variation in surfacewater temperature correlated to global warming and multidecadal variation in two climatic oscillations, the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and the East Atlantic Pattern (EA).However, we did not detect an influence of the EA on the lake's temperature (as separate from the effect of global warming). Moreover, the effect of the AMO, estimated to a maximum of +1 °C, was not sufficient to explain the observed temperature increase (+2–3 °C in summer). Based on regional climate projections, we predicted that the lake will continue to warm at least until the end of the 21st century. Our results strongly suggest that the warming of Lake Lugano is tied to globalclimate change. To sustain current ecosystem conditions in Lake Lugano, we suggest that manage- ment plans that curtail eutrophication and (or) mitigation of global warming be pursued.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2015.08.004","usgsCitation":"Lepori, F., and Roberts, J., 2015, Past and future warming of a deep European lake (Lake Lugano): What are the climatic drivers?: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 41, no. 4, p. 973-981, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2015.08.004.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"973","endPage":"981","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062114","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":317993,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Italy, Switzerland","otherGeospatial":"Lake Lugano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 9.128265380859375,\n 46.02462129598765\n ],\n [\n 9.093246459960938,\n 46.003162403888766\n ],\n [\n 9.043121337890625,\n 46.01079318614809\n ],\n [\n 8.979263305664062,\n 45.98217232489232\n ],\n [\n 8.9703369140625,\n 45.94303320745295\n ],\n [\n 8.98681640625,\n 45.91294412737392\n ],\n [\n 8.977890014648438,\n 45.90099949265736\n ],\n [\n 8.968276977539062,\n 45.90386643939614\n ],\n [\n 8.966217041015625,\n 45.92536382097966\n ],\n [\n 8.949050903320312,\n 45.933482886823676\n ],\n [\n 8.90167236328125,\n 45.9000438108451\n ],\n [\n 8.892059326171875,\n 45.90338862522072\n ],\n [\n 8.883819580078125,\n 45.933960441921585\n ],\n [\n 8.887252807617188,\n 45.952581883190994\n ],\n [\n 8.854293823242188,\n 45.96212891405598\n ],\n [\n 8.86390686035156,\n 45.97549199391509\n ],\n [\n 8.881072998046875,\n 45.96976535445165\n ],\n [\n 8.89068603515625,\n 45.994099482736694\n ],\n [\n 8.916091918945312,\n 45.99553056897413\n ],\n [\n 8.902359008789062,\n 45.97024259702345\n ],\n [\n 8.90716552734375,\n 45.952104488469985\n ],\n [\n 8.90167236328125,\n 45.9353930825417\n ],\n [\n 8.913345336914062,\n 45.924408558629004\n ],\n [\n 8.942184448242188,\n 45.95783295371863\n ],\n [\n 8.951797485351562,\n 45.9874205909687\n ],\n [\n 8.944931030273438,\n 45.9950535443403\n ],\n [\n 8.953170776367188,\n 46.00602407059352\n ],\n [\n 8.977890014648438,\n 46.003162403888766\n ],\n [\n 9.043807983398438,\n 46.02795859751178\n ],\n [\n 9.08843994140625,\n 46.026528350100904\n ],\n [\n 9.1131591796875,\n 46.03987588680908\n ],\n [\n 9.128265380859375,\n 46.02462129598765\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bf022ee4b06458514b3105","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lepori, Fabio","contributorId":166767,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lepori","given":"Fabio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24502,"text":"Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roberts, James J. 0000-0002-4193-610X jroberts@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4193-610X","contributorId":5453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"James","email":"jroberts@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70168370,"text":"70168370 - 2015 - Influence of habitat and intrinsic characteristics on survival of neonatal pronghorn","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-15T12:37:52","indexId":"70168370","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-10T16:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of habitat and intrinsic characteristics on survival of neonatal pronghorn","docAbstract":"

Increased understanding of the influence of habitat (e.g., composition, patch size) and intrinsic (e.g., age, birth mass) factors on survival of neonatal pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) is a prerequisite to successful management programs, particularly as they relate to population dynamics and the role of population models in adaptive species management. Nevertheless, few studies have presented empirical data quantifying the influence of habitat variables on survival of neonatal pronghorn. During 2002–2005, we captured and radiocollared 116 neonates across two sites in western South Dakota. We documented 31 deaths during our study, of which coyote (Canis latrans) predation (n = 15) was the leading cause of mortality. We used known fate analysis in Program MARK to investigate the influence of intrinsic and habitat variables on neonatal survival. We generated a priori models that we grouped into habitat and intrinsic effects. The highest-ranking model indicated that neonate mortality was best explained by site, percent grassland, and open water habitat; 90-day survival (0.80; 90% CI = 0.71–0.88) declined 23% when grassland and water increased from 80.1 to 92.3% and 0.36 to 0.40%, respectively, across 50% natal home ranges. Further, our results indicated that grassland patch size and shrub density were important predictors of neonate survival; neonate survival declined 17% when shrub density declined from 5.0 to 2.5 patches per 100 ha. Excluding the site covariates, intrinsic factors (i.e., sex, age, birth mass, year, parturition date) were not important predictors of survival of neonatal pronghorns. Further, neonatal survival may depend on available land cover and interspersion of habitats. We have demonstrated that maintaining minimum and maximum thresholds for habitat factors (e.g., percentages of grassland and open water patches, density of shrub patches) throughout natal home ranges will in turn, ensure relatively high (>0.50) neonatal survival rates, especially as they relate to coyote predation. Thus, landscape level variables (particularly percentages of open water, grassland habitats, and shrub density) should be incorporated into the development or implementation of pronghorn management plans across sagebrush steppe communities of the western Dakotas, and potentially elsewhere within the geographic range of pronghorn.

","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0144026","usgsCitation":"Jacques, C.N., Jenks, J., Grovenburg, T.W., and Klaver, R.W., 2015, Influence of habitat and intrinsic characteristics on survival of neonatal pronghorn: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 12, e0144026; 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0144026.","productDescription":"e0144026; 17 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067993","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471501,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0144026","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":317924,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","county":"Fall River County, Harding County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.029541015625,\n 45.205263456162385\n ],\n [\n -104.029541015625,\n 45.94351068030587\n ],\n [\n -102.89794921875,\n 45.94351068030587\n ],\n [\n -102.89794921875,\n 45.205263456162385\n ],\n [\n -104.029541015625,\n 45.205263456162385\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.04052734375,\n 43.00866413845207\n ],\n [\n -104.04052734375,\n 43.49676775343911\n ],\n [\n -102.9473876953125,\n 43.49676775343911\n ],\n [\n -102.9473876953125,\n 43.00866413845207\n ],\n [\n -104.04052734375,\n 43.00866413845207\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bc5f34e4b08d617f66001d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jacques, Christopher N.","contributorId":15521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacques","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenks, Jonathan A.","contributorId":51591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenks","given":"Jonathan A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grovenburg, Troy W.","contributorId":57712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grovenburg","given":"Troy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Klaver, Robert W. 0000-0002-3263-9701 bklaver@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3263-9701","contributorId":3285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klaver","given":"Robert","email":"bklaver@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70168329,"text":"70168329 - 2015 - How big of an effect do small dams have? Using geomorphological footprints to quantify spatial impact of low-head dams and identify patterns of across-dam variation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-10T11:38:09","indexId":"70168329","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-10T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"How big of an effect do small dams have? Using geomorphological footprints to quantify spatial impact of low-head dams and identify patterns of across-dam variation","docAbstract":"

Longitudinal connectivity is a fundamental characteristic of rivers that can be disrupted by natural and anthropogenic processes. Dams are significant disruptions to streams. Over 2,000,000 low-head dams (<7.6 m high) fragment United States rivers. Despite potential adverse impacts of these ubiquitous disturbances, the spatial impacts of low-head dams on geomorphology and ecology are largely untested. Progress for research and conservation is impaired by not knowing the magnitude of low-head dam impacts. Based on the geomorphic literature, we refined a methodology that allowed us to quantify the spatial extent of low-head dam impacts (herein dam footprint), assessed variation in dam footprints across low-head dams within a river network, and identified select aspects of the context of this variation. Wetted width, depth, and substrate size distributions upstream and downstream of six low-head dams within the Upper Neosho River, Kansas, United States of America were measured. Total dam footprints averaged 7.9 km (3.0–15.3 km) or 287 wetted widths (136–437 wetted widths). Estimates included both upstream (mean: 6.7 km or 243 wetted widths) and downstream footprints (mean: 1.2 km or 44 wetted widths). Altogether the six low-head dams impacted 47.3 km (about 17%) of the mainstem in the river network. Despite differences in age, size, location, and primary function, the sizes of geomorphic footprints of individual low-head dams in the Upper Neosho river network were relatively similar. The number of upstream dams and distance to upstream dams, but not dam height, affected the spatial extent of dam footprints. In summary, ubiquitous low-head dams individually and cumulatively altered lotic ecosystems. Both characteristics of individual dams and the context of neighboring dams affected low-head dam impacts within the river network. For these reasons, low-head dams require a different, more integrative, approach for research and management than the individualistic approach that has been applied to larger dams.

","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0141210","usgsCitation":"Fencl, J.S., Mather, M.E., Costigan, K., and Daniels, M.D., 2015, How big of an effect do small dams have? Using geomorphological footprints to quantify spatial impact of low-head dams and identify patterns of across-dam variation: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 11, p. 1-22, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141210.","productDescription":"e0141210; 22 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"22","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063471","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471502,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141210","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":317908,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bc5f34e4b08d617f660016","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fencl, Jane S.","contributorId":166699,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fencl","given":"Jane","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mather, Martha E. 0000-0003-3027-0215 mather@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3027-0215","contributorId":2580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mather","given":"Martha","email":"mather@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Costigan, Katie H.","contributorId":166700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Costigan","given":"Katie H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Daniels, Melinda D.","contributorId":166701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Daniels","given":"Melinda","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70168330,"text":"70168330 - 2015 - Evaluation of capture techniques on lesser prairie-chicken trap injury and survival","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-10T11:18:21","indexId":"70168330","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-10T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of capture techniques on lesser prairie-chicken trap injury and survival","docAbstract":"

Ethical treatment of research animals is required under the Animal Welfare Act. This includes trapping methodologies that reduce unnecessary pain and duress. Traps used in research should optimize animal welfare conditions within the context of the proposed research study. Several trapping techniques are used in the study of lesser prairie-chickens, despite lack of knowledge of trap injury caused by the various methods. From 2006 to 2012, we captured 217, 40, and 144 lesser prairie-chickens Tympanuchus pallidicinctus using walk-in funnel traps, rocket nets, and drop nets, respectively, in New Mexico and Texas, to assess the effects of capture technique on injury and survival of the species. We monitored radiotagged, injured lesser prairie-chickens 7–65 d postcapture to assess survival rates of injured individuals. Injuries occurred disproportionately among trap type, injury type, and sex. The predominant injuries were superficial cuts to the extremities of males captured in walk-in funnel traps. However, we observed no mortalities due to trapping, postcapture survival rates of injured birds did not vary across trap types, and the daily survival probability of an injured and uninjured bird was ≥99%. Frequency and intensity of injuries in walk-in funnel traps are due to the passive nature of these traps (researcher cannot select specific individuals for capture) and incidental capture of individuals not needed for research. Comparatively, rocket nets and drop nets allow observers to target birds for capture and require immediate removal of captured individuals from the trap. Based on our results, trap injuries would be reduced if researchers monitor and immediately remove birds from walk-in funnels before they injure themselves; move traps to target specific birds and reduce recaptures; limit the number of consecutive trapping days on a lek; and use proper netting techniques that incorporate quick, efficient, trained handling procedures.

","language":"English","doi":"10.3996/032015-JFWM-022","usgsCitation":"Grisham, B.A., Boal, C.W., Mitchell, N.R., Gicklhorn, T.S., Borsdorf, P.K., Haukos, D.A., and Dixon, C., 2015, Evaluation of capture techniques on lesser prairie-chicken trap injury and survival: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 6, no. 2, p. 318-326, https://doi.org/10.3996/032015-JFWM-022.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"318","endPage":"326","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063997","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490006,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/032015-jfwm-022","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":317907,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bc5f30e4b08d617f660004","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grisham, Blake A.","contributorId":75419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grisham","given":"Blake","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boal, Clint W. 0000-0001-6008-8911 cboal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6008-8911","contributorId":1909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boal","given":"Clint","email":"cboal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mitchell, Natasia R.","contributorId":166697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Natasia","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gicklhorn, Trevor S.","contributorId":166698,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gicklhorn","given":"Trevor","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":24740,"text":"Department of Natural Resources Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":619745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Borsdorf, Philip K.","contributorId":93386,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Borsdorf","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":24740,"text":"Department of Natural Resources Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":619746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dixon, Charles","contributorId":68203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dixon","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ]}