Synchronised reproduction offers clear benefits to planktonic foraminifera – an important group of marine calcifiers – as it increases the chances of successful gamete fusion. Such synchrony requires tuning to an internal or external clock. Evidence exists for lunar reproductive cycles in some species, but its recognition in shell flux time series has proven difficult, raising questions about reproductive strategies. Using spectral analysis of a 4-year time series (mostly at weekly resolution) from the northern Gulf of Mexico, we show that the shell flux ofGloborotalia menardii, Globigerinella siphonifera, Orbulina universa, Globigerinoides sacculifer, Globigerinoides ruber (both pink and white varieties), Pulleniatina obliquiloculata, Neogloboquadrina dutertrei, Globigerinella calida and Globigerinita glutinata is characterised by lunar periodicity. However, the lunar rhythm is not present in all size fractions of each species and tends to be more dominant in the flux of larger shells, consistent with reproduction being more prevalent in larger specimens. Lunar periodicity is superimposed on longer term/seasonal changes in the shell fluxes, but accounts for a significant part of the variance in the fluxes. The amplitude of the lunar cycle increases roughly proportional with the magnitude of the flux, demonstrating that most of the population is indeed affected by lunar-phased synchronisation. In most species peak fluxes occur predominantly around, or just after, full moon. Only G. siphonifera and G. calida show a contrasting pattern with peaks concentrated around new moon. Although the exact cause of the synchronisation remains elusive, our data considerably increase the number of species for which lunar synchronised reproduction is reported and suggest that such reproductive behaviour is common in many species of planktonic foraminifera.
","language":"English","publisher":"Copernicus","publisherLocation":"Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany","doi":"10.5194/bg-12-3061-2015","usgsCitation":"Jonkers, L., Reynolds, C.E., Richey, J., and Hall, I.R., 2015, Lunar periodicity in the shell flux of planktonic foraminifera in the Gulf of Mexico: Biogeosciences, v. 12, p. 3061-3070, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3061-2015.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"3061","endPage":"3070","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-060843","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472034,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-3061-2015","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":300972,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.63720703125,\n 27.410785702577023\n ],\n [\n -90.63720703125,\n 28.033197847676377\n ],\n [\n -89.84619140625,\n 28.033197847676377\n ],\n [\n -89.84619140625,\n 27.410785702577023\n ],\n [\n -90.63720703125,\n 27.410785702577023\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"556ec59ae4b0d9246a9fa791","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jonkers, Lukas","contributorId":141013,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jonkers","given":"Lukas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13652,"text":"School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Main building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT. Wales, U.K.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reynolds, Caitlin E. 0000-0002-1724-3055 creynolds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1724-3055","contributorId":4049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Caitlin","email":"creynolds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richey, Julie N. jrichey@usgs.gov","contributorId":141012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richey","given":"Julie N.","email":"jrichey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hall, Ian R.","contributorId":141014,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"Ian","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13652,"text":"School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Main building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT. Wales, U.K.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70148367,"text":"ofr20151109 - 2015 - Publications of the Volcano Hazards Program 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-02T08:27:05","indexId":"ofr20151109","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-01T17:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1109","title":"Publications of the Volcano Hazards Program 2013","docAbstract":"The Volcano Hazards Program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is part of the Natural Hazards activity, as funded by Congressional appropriation. Investigations are carried out by the USGS and with cooperators at the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute, University of Hawaiʻi Mānoa and Hilo, University of Utah, and University of Washington Geophysics Program. This report lists publications from all of these institutions.
\nOnly published papers and maps are included here; abstracts presented at scientific meetings are omitted. Publication dates are based on year of issue, with no attempt to assign them to a fiscal year.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151109","usgsCitation":"Nathenson, M., 2015, Publications of the Volcano Hazards Program 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1109, ii, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151109.","productDescription":"ii, 13 p.","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2013-01-01","temporalEnd":"2013-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-064558","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300954,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151109.png"},{"id":300952,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1109/"},{"id":300953,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1109/downloads/ofr2015-1109.pdf","text":"Report","size":"240 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"556d7442e4b0d9246a9f9965","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nathenson, Manuel 0000-0002-5216-984X mnathnsn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5216-984X","contributorId":1358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nathenson","given":"Manuel","email":"mnathnsn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70148343,"text":"ofr20151102 - 2015 - Evaluating potential overlap between pack stock and Sierra Nevada bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis sierrae) in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-02T08:25:53","indexId":"ofr20151102","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-01T17:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1102","title":"Evaluating potential overlap between pack stock and Sierra Nevada bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis sierrae) in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, California","docAbstract":"Pack stock (horses, mules, burros, llamas, and goats) are frequently assumed to have negative effects on public lands, but there is a general lack of data to be able to quantify the degree to which this is actually the case. Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks have received complaints that pack stock may affect Sierra Nevada bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis sierrae; SNBS), a federally endangered subspecies that occurs in largely disjunct herds in the Sierra Nevada Range of California. The potential effects are thought to be displacement of SNBS from meadows on their summer range (altered habitat use) or, more indirectly, through changes in SNBS habitat or forage quality. Our goals were to conduct an association analysis to quantify the degree of potential spatial overlap in meadow use between SNBS and pack stock and to compare differences in vegetation community composition, structure, and diversity among meadows with different levels of use by bighorn sheep and pack stock. For the association analysis, we used two approaches: (1) we quantified the proportion of meadows that were within the herd home ranges of bighorn sheep and were potentially open to pack stock, and, (2) we used Monte Carlo simulations and use-availability analyses to compare the proportion of meadows used by bighorn sheep relative to the proportional occurrence or area of meadows available to bighorn sheep that were used by pack stock. To evaluate potential effects of pack stock on meadow plant communities and SNBS forage, we sampled vegetation in 2011 and 2012 at 100 plots to generate data that allowed us to compare:
\n1. Herbaceous plant species composition, structure, and diversity in plots with different combinations of use by pack stock and SNBS;
\n2. Cover of bare ground in plots with different combinations of use by pack stock and SNBS; and,
\n3. Total cover, diversity, and species composition of SNBS forage species in plots with different combinations of use by pack stock and SNBS.
\nThe association analyses indicated the potential for overlap between pack stock and SNBS was minimal; only 1 percent of the potential meadow area in the SNBS herd home ranges overlapped that of pack stock meadows. There were no systematic differences in overall vegetation structure or composition, or in diversity, cover, or composition of forage species, that indicated pack stock were altering SNBS habitat or affecting their nutrition. Variation in plant species composition was influenced primarily by random differences among meadows and environmental gradients, and there was little evidence that pack stock use contributed in meaningful ways to this variation. The few differences among meadows with different levels of use by bighorn sheep and pack stock either were minor or were not in a direction consistent with negative effects of pack stock on SNBS. We conclude that the current plan for managing pack stock grazing has been successful in minimizing significant negative effects on Sierra Nevada bighorn sheep at Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151102","usgsCitation":"Klinger, R.C., Few, A.P., Knox, K.A., Hatfield, B.E., Clark, J., German, D.W., and Stephenson, T.R., 2015, Evaluating potential overlap between pack stock and Sierra Nevada bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis sierrae) in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1102, vi, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151102.","productDescription":"vi, 46 p.","numberOfPages":"55","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063428","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300951,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151102.png"},{"id":300950,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1102/pdf/ofr2015-1102.pdf","text":"Report","size":"545 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":300949,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1102/"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Kings Canyon National Parks, Sequoia National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.4708251953125,\n 37.02886944696474\n ],\n [\n -118.98193359375,\n 36.43454191900892\n ],\n [\n -118.83911132812499,\n 36.14231087352999\n ],\n [\n -118.01513671875,\n 36.146746777814364\n ],\n [\n -118.05908203124999,\n 36.230981283477924\n ],\n [\n -118.037109375,\n 36.46105407505434\n ],\n [\n -118.267822265625,\n 36.68163606561519\n ],\n [\n -118.311767578125,\n 36.804886560237236\n ],\n [\n -118.3172607421875,\n 37.02886944696474\n ],\n [\n -118.35571289062499,\n 37.068327517596586\n ],\n [\n -119.4708251953125,\n 37.02886944696474\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"556d741ce4b0d9246a9f9963","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klinger, Robert C. 0000-0003-3193-3199 rcklinger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3193-3199","contributorId":5395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klinger","given":"Robert","email":"rcklinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Few, Alexandra P.","contributorId":140965,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Few","given":"Alexandra","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":13632,"text":"CDFW, Bishop, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knox, Kathleen A.","contributorId":140966,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knox","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13632,"text":"CDFW, Bishop, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hatfield, Brian E.","contributorId":140967,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hatfield","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13632,"text":"CDFW, Bishop, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clark, Jonathan","contributorId":139380,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clark","given":"Jonathan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12456,"text":"former USGS scientist","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"German, David W.","contributorId":140968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"German","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":13632,"text":"CDFW, Bishop, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Stephenson, Thomas R.","contributorId":64114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70160781,"text":"70160781 - 2015 - Little Galloo Island, Lake Ontario: Two decades of studies on the diet, fish consumption, and management of double-crested cormorants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-30T14:24:35","indexId":"70160781","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-01T15:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Little Galloo Island, Lake Ontario: Two decades of studies on the diet, fish consumption, and management of double-crested cormorants","docAbstract":"The double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) colony at Little Galloo Island, Lake Ontario has been a Great Lakes focal point of controversy regarding cormorant–fish interactions for over two decades. We examined cormorant diet and fish consumption at the colony from 1992 to 2013. During this time period, two events, management actions and round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) invasion, occurred that affected the number of fish consumed by cormorants and their diet composition. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of round goby on the feeding ecology of cormorants and evaluate the efficacy of management actions on meeting cormorant population targets at the colony. Round goby first appeared in the diet in 2004 (0.8%) and within one year were the primary prey (29.3%). The presence of round goby in the diet of cormorants: (1) eliminated seasonal variability in diet composition, (2) reversed seasonal trends in the number of fish consumed daily, (3) increased daily fish consumption, and (4) significantly reduced the consumption of other species including yellow perch and smallmouth bass. Management actions, such as egg oiling and culling, were also effective in reducing nesting activity and the number of cormorant feeding days at the Little Galloo Island colony. There is evidence that the combination of management actions and round goby may have allowed some population recovery of yellow perch and smallmouth bass in eastern Lake Ontario.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","publisherLocation":"Toronto","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2015.03.030","usgsCitation":"Johnson, J.H., McCullough, R.D., Farquhar, J., and Mazzocchi, I., 2015, Little Galloo Island, Lake Ontario: Two decades of studies on the diet, fish consumption, and management of double-crested cormorants: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 41, no. 2, p. 652-658, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2015.03.030.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"652","endPage":"658","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062478","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313074,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Little Galloo Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.39223098754883,\n 43.88849081589606\n ],\n [\n -76.39278888702393,\n 43.88861453047109\n ],\n [\n -76.39394760131836,\n 43.8884289585122\n ],\n [\n -76.3978099822998,\n 43.886078330323436\n ],\n [\n -76.39793872833252,\n 43.885738100137736\n ],\n [\n -76.39862537384033,\n 43.88518135564224\n ],\n [\n -76.39892578125,\n 43.88419157480226\n ],\n [\n -76.39785289764404,\n 43.88323270893103\n ],\n [\n -76.39566421508789,\n 43.88298525716862\n ],\n [\n -76.3945484161377,\n 43.88326364032908\n ],\n [\n -76.39386177062988,\n 43.88416064388602\n ],\n [\n -76.39424800872803,\n 43.88471739792115\n ],\n [\n -76.39321804046631,\n 43.886356699029974\n ],\n [\n -76.3925313949585,\n 43.886820643983434\n ],\n [\n -76.39223098754883,\n 43.88849081589606\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56850ec7e4b0a04ef4933a06","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, James H. 0000-0002-5619-3871 jhjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5619-3871","contributorId":389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"James","email":"jhjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCullough, Russell D.","contributorId":98154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCullough","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Farquhar, James F.","contributorId":150982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farquhar","given":"James F.","affiliations":[{"id":13678,"text":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mazzocchi, Irene","contributorId":150832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mazzocchi","given":"Irene","affiliations":[{"id":13678,"text":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583884,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70160778,"text":"70160778 - 2015 - Potential impact of Chironomus plumosus larvae on hypolimnetic oxygen in the central basin of Lake Erie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-30T13:59:56","indexId":"70160778","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-01T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential impact of Chironomus plumosus larvae on hypolimnetic oxygen in the central basin of Lake Erie","docAbstract":"Previous studies have indicated that burrow-irrigating infauna can increase sediment oxygen demand (SOD) and impact hypolimnetic oxygen in stratified lakes. We conducted laboratory microcosm experiments and computer simulations with larvae of the burrowing benthic midge Chironomus plumosus to quantify burrow oxygen uptake rates and subsequent contribution to sediment oxygen demand in central Lake Erie. Burrow oxygen uptake and water flow velocities through burrows were measured using oxygen microelectrodes and hot film anemometry, respectively. Burrow oxygen consumption averaged 2.66 × 10− 10 (SE = ± 7.82 × 10− 11) mol O2/burrow/s at 24 °C and 9.64 × 10− 10 (SE = ± 4.86 × 10− 10) mol O2/burrow/s at 15 °C. In sealed microcosm experiments, larvae increased SOD 500% at 24 °C (density = 1508/m2) and 375% at 15 °C (density = 864/m2). To further evaluate effects of densities of C. plumosus burrows on SOD we developed a 3-D transport reaction model of the process. Using experimental data and chironomid abundance data in faunal surveys in 2009 and 2010, we estimated that bioirrigation by a population of 140 larvae/m2 could account for between 2.54 × 10− 11 mol/L/s (model results) and 5.58 × 10− 11 mol/L/s (experimental results) of the average 4.22 × 10− 11 mol/L/s oxygen depletion rate between 1970 and 2003, which could have accounted for 60–132% of the oxygen decline. At present, it appears that the population density of this species may be an important factor in development of hypoxic or anoxic conditions in central Lake Erie.
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To meet such a need, we developed a spatial classification framework and database — Great Lakes Aquatic Habitat Framework (GLAHF). GLAHF consists of catchments, coastal terrestrial, coastal margin, nearshore, and offshore zones that encompass the entire Great Lakes Basin. The catchments captured in the database as river pour points or coastline segments are attributed with data known to influence physicochemical and biological characteristics of the lakes from the catchments. The coastal terrestrial zone consists of 30-m grid cells attributed with data from the terrestrial region that has direct connection with the lakes. The coastal margin and nearshore zones consist of 30-m grid cells attributed with data describing the coastline conditions, coastal human disturbances, and moderately to highly variable physicochemical and biological characteristics. The offshore zone consists of 1.8-km grid cells attributed with data that are spatially less variable compared with the other aquatic zones. These spatial classification zones and their associated data are nested within lake sub-basins and political boundaries and allow the synthesis of information from grid cells to classification zones, within and among political boundaries, lake sub-basins, Great Lakes, or within the entire Great Lakes Basin. This spatially structured database could help the development of basin-wide management plans, prioritize locations for funding and specific management actions, track protection and restoration progress, and conduct research for science-based decision making.
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Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Gaiot, John","contributorId":150979,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gaiot","given":"John","affiliations":[{"id":6780,"text":"Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Hollenhurst, Tom","contributorId":150980,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hollenhurst","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Brooks, Colin N.","contributorId":103961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Colin N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Coscarelli, Mark","contributorId":150981,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coscarelli","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18156,"text":"Great Lakes Fishery Trust","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}} ,{"id":70160770,"text":"70160770 - 2015 - Efficacy of an extract from garlic, Allium sativum, against infection with the furunculosis bacterium, Aeromonas salmonicida, in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-31T14:49:55.371081","indexId":"70160770","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-01T14:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2574,"text":"Journal of the World Aquaculture Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Efficacy of an extract from garlic, Allium sativum, against infection with the furunculosis bacterium, Aeromonas salmonicida, in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss","title":"Efficacy of an extract from garlic, Allium sativum, against infection with the furunculosis bacterium, Aeromonas salmonicida, in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss","docAbstract":"Juvenile rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, were fed diets containing 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0% of a garlic extract, challenged with a modified 50% lethal dose of Aeromonas salmonicida and monitored for 28 d. There were significant increases in survival of trout fed 0.5 and 1.0% garlic extract as compared to the control and 2.0% garlic extract groups. A target animal safety study was performed at varying increments using the target dose of 0.5% garlic extract at 0× (0% garlic extract), 1× (0.5% garlic extract), 3× (1.5% garlic extract), and 5× (2.5% garlic extract) for 3× (6 wk) the duration of the original study. There was a significant increase in the level of circulating lymphocytes and a significant decrease in the level of circulating monocytes. The latter correlated to an increased level of pigment-containing macrophage centers within the renal tissue as garlic extract dosing increased, denoting a potential deleterious inflammatory effect as macrophage infiltration became severe at the highest dose. These studies suggest that feeding low-dose (0.5% or 1.0%) garlic extract improves survivability in rainbow trout when challenged with A. salmonicida and appears safe; however, higher levels do not appear to be effective and may cause deleterious effects on health.
","language":"English","publisher":"World Aquaculture Society","publisherLocation":"Baton Rouge, LA","doi":"10.1111/jwas.12195","usgsCitation":"Breyer, K.E., Getchell, R.G., Cornwell, E., Wooster, G.A., Ketola, H.G., and Bowser, P., 2015, Efficacy of an extract from garlic, Allium sativum, against infection with the furunculosis bacterium, Aeromonas salmonicida, in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss: Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, v. 46, no. 3, p. 273-282, https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.12195.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"273","endPage":"282","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057850","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":313068,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56850e8ae4b0a04ef49338d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breyer, Kate E.","contributorId":150974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breyer","given":"Kate","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Getchell, Rodman G.","contributorId":32416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Getchell","given":"Rodman","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cornwell, Emily R.","contributorId":64526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cornwell","given":"Emily R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wooster, Gregory A.","contributorId":37700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wooster","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ketola, H. George 0000-0002-7260-5602 gketola@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7260-5602","contributorId":2664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ketola","given":"H.","email":"gketola@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"George","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bowser, Paul R.","contributorId":10391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowser","given":"Paul R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70144300,"text":"70144300 - 2015 - Coupling geophysical investigation with hydrothermal modeling to constrain the enthalpy classification of a potential geothermal resource.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-23T12:34:52","indexId":"70144300","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-01T13:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coupling geophysical investigation with hydrothermal modeling to constrain the enthalpy classification of a potential geothermal resource.","docAbstract":"An appreciable challenge in volcanology and geothermal resource development is to understand the relationships between volcanic systems and low-enthalpy geothermal resources. The enthalpy of an undeveloped geothermal resource in the Karckar region of Armenia is investigated by coupling geophysical and hydrothermal modeling. The results of 3-dimensional inversion of gravity data provide key inputs into a hydrothermal circulation model of the system and associated hot springs, which is used to evaluate possible geothermal system configurations. Hydraulic and thermal properties are specified using maximum a priori estimates. Limited constraints provided by temperature data collected from an existing down-gradient borehole indicate that the geothermal system can most likely be classified as low-enthalpy and liquid dominated. We find the heat source for the system is likely cooling quartz monzonite intrusions in the shallow subsurface and that meteoric recharge in the pull-apart basin circulates to depth, rises along basin-bounding faults and discharges at the hot springs. While other combinations of subsurface properties and geothermal system configurations may fit the temperature distribution equally well, we demonstrate that the low-enthalpy system is reasonably explained based largely on interpretation of surface geophysical data and relatively simple models.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.03.020","usgsCitation":"White, J., Karakhanian, A., Connor, C., Connor, L., Hughes, J.D., Malservisi, R., and Wetmore, P., 2015, Coupling geophysical investigation with hydrothermal modeling to constrain the enthalpy classification of a potential geothermal resource.: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 298, p. 59-70, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.03.020.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"70","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055208","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310594,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Armenia","otherGeospatial":"Karckar Region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 42.34130859375,\n 38.38042167460681\n ],\n [\n 42.34130859375,\n 41.62776153144345\n ],\n [\n 47.8564453125,\n 41.62776153144345\n ],\n [\n 47.8564453125,\n 38.38042167460681\n ],\n [\n 42.34130859375,\n 38.38042167460681\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"298","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562b5a2be4b00162522207c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Jeremy T. jwhite@usgs.gov","contributorId":3930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Jeremy T.","email":"jwhite@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":270,"text":"FLWSC-Tampa","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Karakhanian, Arkadi","contributorId":139920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karakhanian","given":"Arkadi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13315,"text":"Georisk Scientific Research Company","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Connor, Chuck","contributorId":139921,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Connor","given":"Chuck","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7163,"text":"University of South Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Connor, Laura","contributorId":139922,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Connor","given":"Laura","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7163,"text":"University of South Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hughes, Joseph D. 0000-0003-1311-2354 jdhughes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1311-2354","contributorId":2492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"Joseph","email":"jdhughes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Malservisi, Rocco","contributorId":139923,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malservisi","given":"Rocco","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7163,"text":"University of South Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wetmore, Paul","contributorId":139924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wetmore","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7163,"text":"University of South Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70203358,"text":"70203358 - 2015 - Modeling and management of pit lake water chemistry 2: Case studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-07T13:32:35","indexId":"70203358","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-01T13:28:17","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling and management of pit lake water chemistry 2: Case studies","docAbstract":"Pit lakes, a common product of open pit mining techniques, may become long-term, post-mining environmental risks or long-term, post-mining water resources depending upon management decisions. This study reviews two published pit lake modeling studies and one pit lake monitoring program in order to increase the transparency of approaches used in pit lake prediction and management. The first model is a two-year limnological simulation of the existing Dexter pit lake, Nevada, USA that accurately modeled temperature profiles, salinity profiles, and turnover events observed between 1999 and 2000. The second model is a 55-year prediction of a future pit lake in the Martha Mine, New Zealand that identified the need for additional mitigation and evaluated potential effects of cost-effective mitigation options. The final study reviews eight years of monitoring data collected from the Berkeley pit lake, Montana, USA, from 2004 to 2012. This study identifies changes in the physical limnology and water quality of the pit lake that resulted from metal recovery operations, and highlights the value of monitoring programs in general. Whereas these pit lakes are different in many ways, the management tools discussed herein maximized the value and understanding of the post-mining resources.
Pit lakes are permanent hydrologic/landscape features that can result from open pit mining for metals, coal, uranium, diamonds, oil sands, and aggregates. Risks associated with pit lakes include local and regional impacts to water quality and related impacts to aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Stakeholders rely on predictive models of water chemistry to prepare for and manage these risks. This paper is the first of a two part series on the modeling and management of pit lakes. Herein, we review approaches that have been used to quantify wall-rock runoff geochemistry, wall-rock leachate geochemistry, pit lake water balance, pit lake limnology (i.e. extent of vertical mixing), and pit lake water quality, and conclude with guidance on the application of models within the mine life cycle. The purpose of this paper is to better prepare stakeholders, including future modelers, mine managers, consultants, permitting agencies, land management agencies, regulators, research scientists, academics, and other interested parties, for the challenges of predicting and managing future pit lakes in un-mined areas.
Regional stream and pond sediment, panned concentrate, and water sampling at and around known mineral occurrences in the Tyonek quadrangle, Alaska Range, Alaska were undertaken to determine geochemical signatures in the different media. For sediment samples, two different size fractions (− 80 mesh and − 230 mesh) were analyzed. Elevated concentrations (mostly ~ 2 × median) of elements such as As, Au, Cd, Cu, Mo, Pb, and/or Zn were measured in both size fractions in streams draining known occurrences as well as from several other locations. Gold, molybdenite, arsenopyrite, and/or Cu minerals identified in panned concentrates explain some of these elevated values. Water samples from most stream, pond and seep sediment sample sites were analyzed by high-resolution ICP-MS methodology. Relative high concentrations of constituents (including Mo, Re, As, Tl, and/or Cu and/or SO4) were commonly measured in waters where high metal concentrations were also measured in corresponding sediments and/or heavy mineral concentrates. However, water chemistry yielded higher contrast of upper quartile and anomalous groups relative to median values than observed in sediments. Elevated As, Mo and/or Re probably relate both to deposit mineralogy and the higher solubility of these metals (compared to that of Cu, Pb, Zn) under the predominantly oxidized and near-neutral pH conditions. Our pilot study indicates that, despite large input of snowmelt and very low absolute concentrations (μg/L), water chemistry can be useful for delineating sulfide-bearing mineral occurrences in this region.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2015.05.014","usgsCitation":"Graham, G.E., Taylor, R.D., Lee, G.K., and Tripp, D., 2015, Targeting Cu–Au and Mo resources using multi-media exploration geochemistry: An example from Tyonek Quadrangle, Alaska Range, Alaska: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 157, p. 52-65, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2015.05.014.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"52","endPage":"65","ipdsId":"IP-056638","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":366531,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Tyonek Quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152.9901123046875,\n 61.902752284767615\n ],\n [\n -151.28173828125,\n 61.902752284767615\n ],\n [\n -151.28173828125,\n 62.80246795273706\n ],\n [\n -152.9901123046875,\n 62.80246795273706\n ],\n [\n -152.9901123046875,\n 61.902752284767615\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"157","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graham, Garth E. 0000-0003-0657-0365 ggraham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-0365","contributorId":1031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Garth","email":"ggraham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, Ryan D. 0000-0002-8845-5290 rtaylor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8845-5290","contributorId":3412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Ryan","email":"rtaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lee, Gregory K. glee@usgs.gov","contributorId":1220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Gregory","email":"glee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tripp, Dick","contributorId":141057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tripp","given":"Dick","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13665,"text":"USGS contractor (deceased)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70155820,"text":"70155820 - 2015 - Host–parasite behavioral interactions in a recently introduced, whooping crane population","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-11T12:57:14","indexId":"70155820","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-01T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Host–parasite behavioral interactions in a recently introduced, whooping crane population","docAbstract":"The whooping crane Grus americana has a long conservation history, but despite multiple attempts across North America, introduction success is lacking. Recently introduced, captively reared whooping cranes have had periods of poor reproductive performance in central Wisconsin that sometimes coincided with black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) emergences. Sandhill crane Grus canadensis reproductive performance in central Wisconsin is approximately double that of whooping cranes. We used comfort behaviors as a measure of black fly harassment to infer whether behavioral differences existed between nesting sandhill cranes and nesting whooping cranes and between successful and unsuccessful whooping crane pairs. To further explore the interaction between black flies and incubating whooping cranes, we examined differences in behaviors between incubating birds and their off-nest mates. Compared to their off-nest mates, incubating whooping cranes exhibited elevated comfort behaviors, suggesting a bird at a nest may experience greater harassment from black flies. Sandhill cranes had elevated head-flicks over whooping cranes. Whooping cranes exhibited more head-rubs than sandhill cranes, and successful whooping crane pairs had elevated head-rubs over pairs that deserted their nests. Behavioral differences between sandhill cranes and whooping cranes as well as differences in reproductive performance, could be explained by exposure to local breeding conditions. Whereas sandhill cranes have nested in the area for hundreds, if not thousands, of years, whooping cranes were only recently introduced to the area. Behavioral differences between the species as well as those between successful and unsuccessful whooping crane pairs could also be explained by the effect of captive exposure, which could affect all whooping crane introductions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","doi":"10.3996/042014-JFWM-032","collaboration":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service;Clemson University;International Crane Foundation","usgsCitation":"King, R., McKann, P., Gray, B.R., and Putnam, M.S., 2015, Host–parasite behavioral interactions in a recently introduced, whooping crane population: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 6, no. 1, p. 220-226, https://doi.org/10.3996/042014-JFWM-032.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"220","endPage":"226","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-041240","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472037,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/042014-jfwm-032","text":"Publisher Index 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\"}}]}","volume":"6","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cb1cade4b08400b1fdd472","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"King, Rich 0000-0001-5462-5303","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5462-5303","contributorId":146426,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"King","given":"Rich","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":566475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKann, Patrick C.","contributorId":14940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKann","given":"Patrick C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":566479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gray, Brian R. 0000-0001-7682-9550 brgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-9550","contributorId":2615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Brian","email":"brgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Putnam, Michael S.","contributorId":146148,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Putnam","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":16606,"text":"International Crane Foundation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70157065,"text":"70157065 - 2015 - Synthesis on Quaternary aeolian research in the unglaciated eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-09T11:37:12","indexId":"70157065","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-01T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":666,"text":"Aeolian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Synthesis on Quaternary aeolian research in the unglaciated eastern United States","docAbstract":"Late-middle and late Pleistocene, and Holocene, inland aeolian sand and loess blanket >90,000 km2 of the unglaciated eastern United States of America (USA). Deposits are most extensive in the Lower Mississippi Valley (LMV) and Atlantic Coastal Plain (ACP), areas presently lacking significant aeolian activity. They provide evidence of paleoclimate intervals when wind erosion and deposition were dominant land-altering processes. This study synthesizes available data for aeolian sand deposits in the LMV, the Eastern Gulf Coastal Plain (EGCP) and the ACP, and loess deposits in the Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain (MACP). Data indicate: (a) the most recent major aeolian activity occurred in response to and coincident with growth and decay of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS); (b) by ∼40 ka, aeolian processes greatly influenced landscape evolution in all three regions; (c) aeolian activity peaked in OIS2; (d) OIS3 and OIS2 aeolian records are in regional agreement with paleoecological records; and (e) limited aeolian activity occurred in the Holocene (EGCP and ACP). Paleoclimate and atmospheric-circulation models (PCMs/ACMs) for the last glacial maximum (LGM) show westerly winter winds for the unglaciated eastern USA, but do not resolve documented W and SW winds in the SEACP and WNW and N winds in the MACP. The minimum areal extent of aeolian deposits in the EGCP and ACP is ∼10,000 km2. For the LMV, it is >80,000 km2. Based on these estimates, published PCMs/ACMs likely underrepresent the areal extent of LGM aeolian activity, as well as the extent and complexity of climatic changes during this interval.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Society of Aeolian Research","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2015.01.011","usgsCitation":"Markewich, H.W., Litwin, R.J., Wysocki, D., and Pavich, M.J., 2015, Synthesis on Quaternary aeolian research in the unglaciated eastern United States: Aeolian Research, v. 17, p. 139-191, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeolia.2015.01.011.","productDescription":"53 p.","startPage":"139","endPage":"191","numberOfPages":"53","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062506","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308016,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f15833e4b0dacf699eb983","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Markewich, Helaine W. 0000-0001-9656-3243 helainem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9656-3243","contributorId":2008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markewich","given":"Helaine","email":"helainem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Litwin, Ronald J. 0000-0002-8661-1296 rlitwin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8661-1296","contributorId":2478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Litwin","given":"Ronald","email":"rlitwin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wysocki, Douglas A.","contributorId":61320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wysocki","given":"Douglas A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pavich, Milan J. mpavich@usgs.gov","contributorId":2348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pavich","given":"Milan","email":"mpavich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70154992,"text":"70154992 - 2015 - The role of the geophysical template and environmental regimes in controlling stream-living trout populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T18:03:32","indexId":"70154992","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-01T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of the geophysical template and environmental regimes in controlling stream-living trout populations","docAbstract":"The importance of multiple processes and instream factors to aquatic biota has been explored extensively, but questions remain about how local spatiotemporal variability of aquatic biota is tied to environmental regimes and the geophysical template of streams. We used an individual-based trout model to explore the relative role of the geophysical template versus environmental regimes on biomass of trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii). We parameterized the model with observed data from each of the four headwater streams (their local geophysical template and environmental regime) and then ran 12 simulations where we replaced environmental regimes (stream temperature, flow, turbidity) of a given stream with values from each neighboring stream while keeping the geophysical template fixed. We also performed single-parameter sensitivity analyses on the model results from each of the four streams. Although our modeled findings show that trout biomass is most responsive to changes in the geophysical template of streams, they also reveal that biomass is restricted by available habitat during seasonal low flow, which is a product of both the stream’s geophysical template and flow regime. Our modeled results suggest that differences in the geophysical template among streams render trout more or less sensitive to environmental change, emphasizing the importance of local fish–habitat relationships in streams.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Research Council Canada","publisherLocation":"Ottawa","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2014-0377","collaboration":"U.S. Forest Service, Weyerhaeuser Corporation","usgsCitation":"Penaluna, B.E., Railsback, S., Dunham, J., Johnson, S., Bilby, R.E., and Skaugset, A.E., 2015, The role of the geophysical template and environmental regimes in controlling stream-living trout populations: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 72, no. 6, p. 893-901, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2014-0377.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"893","endPage":"901","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052252","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305960,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55b361b6e4b09a3b01b5dabd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Penaluna, Brooke E.","contributorId":104817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Penaluna","given":"Brooke","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Railsback, Steve F.","contributorId":68449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Railsback","given":"Steve F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565685,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dunham, Jason B. jdunham@usgs.gov","contributorId":145517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason B.","email":"jdunham@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, S.","contributorId":70323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bilby, Richard E.","contributorId":145928,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bilby","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Skaugset, Arne E.","contributorId":145929,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skaugset","given":"Arne","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70154993,"text":"70154993 - 2015 - Movements of radio-marked California Ridgway's rails during monitoring surveys: Implications for population monitoring","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T10:01:53","indexId":"70154993","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-01T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2287,"text":"Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movements of radio-marked California Ridgway's rails during monitoring surveys: Implications for population monitoring","docAbstract":"The California Ridgway's rail Rallus obsoletus obsoletus (hereafter California rail) is a secretive marsh bird endemic to tidal marshes in the San Francisco Bay (hereafter bay) of California. The California rail has undergone significant range contraction and population declines due to a variety of factors, including predation and the degradation and loss of habitat. Call-count surveys, which include call playbacks, based on the standardized North American marsh bird monitoring protocol have been conducted throughout the bay since 2005 to monitor population size and distribution of the California rail. However, call-count surveys are difficult to evaluate for efficacy or accuracy. To measure the accuracy of call-count surveys and investigate whether radio-marked California rails moved in response to call-count surveys, we compared locations of radio-marked California rails collected at frequent intervals (15 min) to California rail detections recorded during call-count surveys conducted over the same time periods. Overall, 60% of radio-marked California rails within 200 m of observers were not detected during call-count surveys. Movements of radio-marked California rails showed no directional bias (P = 0.92) irrespective of whether or not playbacks of five marsh bird species (including the California rail) were broadcast from listening stations. Our findings suggest that playbacks of rail vocalizations do not consistently influence California rail movements during surveys. However, call-count surveys may underestimate California rail presence; therefore, caution should be used when relating raw numbers of call-count detections to population abundance.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3996/092014-JFWM-069","usgsCitation":"Bui, T.D., Takekawa, J.Y., Overton, C.T., Schultz, E.R., Hull, J.M., and Casazza, M.L., 2015, Movements of radio-marked California Ridgway's rails during monitoring surveys: Implications for population monitoring: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 6, no. 1, p. 227-237, https://doi.org/10.3996/092014-JFWM-069.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"227","endPage":"237","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060040","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472038,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/092014-jfwm-069","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":305959,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55b361b3e4b09a3b01b5daaf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bui, Thuy-Vy D. 0000-0002-0914-5439 tbui@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0914-5439","contributorId":4776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bui","given":"Thuy-Vy","email":"tbui@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Overton, Cory T. 0000-0002-5060-7447 coverton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5060-7447","contributorId":3262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overton","given":"Cory","email":"coverton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schultz, Emily R. erschultz@usgs.gov","contributorId":5978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"Emily","email":"erschultz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hull, Joshua M.","contributorId":127686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hull","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70154995,"text":"70154995 - 2015 - Disturbance and topography shape nitrogen availability and δ15 N over long-term forest succession","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T17:42:09","indexId":"70154995","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-01T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1478,"text":"Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Disturbance and topography shape nitrogen availability and δ15 N over long-term forest succession","docAbstract":"Forest disturbance and long-term succession towards old-growth are thought to increase nitrogen (N) availability and N loss, which should increase soil δ15N values. We examined soil and foliar patterns in N and δ15N, and soil N mineralization, across 800 years of forest succession in a topographically complex montane landscape influenced by human logging and wildfire. In contrast to expectations, we found that disturbance caused declines in surface mineral soil δ15N values, both in logged forests measured 40–50 years after disturbance, and in unlogged forests disturbed by severe wildfire within the last 200 years. Both symbiotic N fixation and N transfers from disturbed vegetation and detritus could lower soil δ15N values after disturbance. A more important role for symbiotic N fixation is suggested by lower soil δ15N values in slow-successional sites with slow canopy closure, which favors early-successional N fixers. Soil δ15N values increased only marginally throughout 800 years of succession, reflecting soil N uptake by vegetation and strong overall N retention. Although post-disturbance N inputs lowered surface soil δ15N values, steady-state mass balance calculations suggest that wildfire combustion of vegetation and detritus can dominate long-term N loss and increase whole-ecosystem δ15N. On steeper topography, declining soil δ15N values highlight erosion and accelerated soil turnover as an additional abiotic control on N balances. We conclude for N-limited montane forests that soil δ15N and N availability are less influenced by nitrate leaching and denitrification loss than by interactions between disturbance, N fixation, and erosion.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1007/s10021-015-9847-z","usgsCitation":"Perakis, S.S., Tepley, A.J., and Compton, J., 2015, Disturbance and topography shape nitrogen availability and δ15 N over long-term forest succession: Ecosystems, v. 18, no. 4, p. 573-588, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-015-9847-z.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"573","endPage":"588","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056725","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305958,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":305621,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10021-015-9847-z"}],"volume":"18","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55b361afe4b09a3b01b5da96","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perakis, Steven S. 0000-0003-0703-9314 sperakis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0703-9314","contributorId":145528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perakis","given":"Steven","email":"sperakis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tepley, Alan J.","contributorId":139993,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tepley","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13346,"text":"University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Geography","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Compton, Jana","contributorId":145529,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Compton","given":"Jana","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70155261,"text":"70155261 - 2015 - The leading mode of observed and CMIP5 ENSO-residual sea surface temperatures and associated changes in Indo-Pacific climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-27T13:00:12","indexId":"70155261","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-01T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2216,"text":"Journal of Climate","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The leading mode of observed and CMIP5 ENSO-residual sea surface temperatures and associated changes in Indo-Pacific climate","docAbstract":"SSTs in the western Pacific Ocean have tracked closely with CMIP5 simulations despite recent hiatus cooling in the eastern Pacific. This paper quantifies these similarities and associated circulation and precipitation variations using the first global 1900–2012 ENSO-residual empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) of 35 variables: observed SSTs; 28 CMIP5 SST simulations; Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA) 25-, 70-, and 171-m ocean temperatures and sea surface heights (SSHs); and Twentieth Century Reanalysis, version 2 (20CRv2), surface winds and precipitation.
\nWhile estimated independently, these leading EOFs across all variables fit together in a meaningful way, and the authors refer to them jointly as the west Pacific warming mode (WPWM). WPWM SST EOFs correspond closely in space and time. Their spatial patterns form a “western V” extending from the Maritime Continent into the extratropical Pacific. Their temporal principal components (PCs) have increased rapidly since 1990; this increase has been primarily due to radiative forcing and not natural decadal variability.
\nWPWM circulation changes appear consistent with a Matsuno–Gill-like atmospheric response associated with an ocean–atmosphere dipole structure contrasting increased (decreased) western (eastern) Pacific precipitation, SSHs, and ocean temperatures. These changes have enhanced the Walker circulation and modulated weather on a global scale. An AGCM experiment and the WPWM of global boreal spring precipitation indicate significant drying across parts of East Africa, the Middle East, the southwestern United States, southern South America, and Asia. Changes in the WPWM have tracked closely with precipitation and the increase in drought frequency over the semiarid and water-insecure areas of East Africa, the Middle East, and southwest Asia.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","publisherLocation":"Boston, MA","doi":"10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00334.1","usgsCitation":"Funk, C.C., and Hoell. Andrew, 2015, The leading mode of observed and CMIP5 ENSO-residual sea surface temperatures and associated changes in Indo-Pacific climate: Journal of Climate, v. 28, no. 11, p. 4309-4329, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00334.1.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"4309","endPage":"4329","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056779","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306492,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7ef1ae4b0bc0bec09eee2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Funk, Christopher C. 0000-0002-9254-6718 cfunk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-6718","contributorId":721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funk","given":"Christopher","email":"cfunk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":565415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoell. Andrew","contributorId":145831,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoell. Andrew","affiliations":[{"id":13549,"text":"UC Santa Barbara Climate Hazards Group","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70148702,"text":"70148702 - 2015 - Looking beyond rare species as umbrella species: Northern Bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) and conservation of grassland and shrubland birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-22T10:53:44","indexId":"70148702","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Looking beyond rare species as umbrella species: Northern Bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) and conservation of grassland and shrubland birds","docAbstract":"Changes in land use and land cover throughout the eastern half of North America have caused substantial declines in populations of birds that rely on grassland and shrubland vegetation types, including socially and economically important game birds such as the Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus; hereafter bobwhites). As much attention is focused on habitat management and restoration for bobwhites, they may act as an umbrella species for other bird species with similar habitat requirements. We quantified the relationship of bobwhites to the overall bird community and evaluated the potential for bobwhites to act as an umbrella species for grassland and shrubland birds. We monitored bobwhite presence and bird community composition within 31 sample units on selected private lands in the south-central United States from 2009 to 2011. Bobwhites were strongly associated with other grassland and shrubland birds and were a significant positive predictor for 9 species. Seven of these, including Bell's Vireo (Vireo bell), Dicksissel (Spiza americana), and Grasshopper Sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum), are listed as species of conservation concern. Species richness and occupancy probability of grassland and shrubland birds were higher relative to the overall bird community in sample units occupied by bobwhites. Our results show that bobwhites can act as an umbrella species for grassland and shrubland birds, although the specific species in any given situation will depend on region and management objectives. These results suggest that efficiency in conservation funding can be increased by using public interest in popular game species to leverage resources to meet multiple conservation objectives.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science Ltd.","publisherLocation":"Kidlington, Oxford","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2015.03.018","collaboration":"Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation at Oklahoma State University; Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station at Oklahoma State University; The Nature Conservancy's Weaver Grant Program; Oklahoma Ornithological Society; Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife; Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & ManagementPayne County Audubon Society","usgsCitation":"Crosby, A.D., Elmore, R., Leslie, D.M., and Will, R.E., 2015, Looking beyond rare species as umbrella species: Northern Bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) and conservation of grassland and shrubland birds: Biological Conservation, v. 186, p. 233-240, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.03.018.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"233","endPage":"240","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058135","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301473,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"186","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558931cfe4b0b6d21dd61bf9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crosby, Andrew D.","contributorId":141455,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crosby","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":549581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elmore, R.D.","contributorId":64450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elmore","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":549582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leslie, David M. Jr. 0000-0002-3884-1484 cleslie@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3884-1484","contributorId":2483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leslie","given":"David","suffix":"Jr.","email":"cleslie@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":549069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Will, Rodney E.","contributorId":141456,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Will","given":"Rodney","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":549583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70148405,"text":"70148405 - 2015 - How do humans affect wildlife nematodes?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-16T09:20:34","indexId":"70148405","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3890,"text":"Trends in Parasitology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"How do humans affect wildlife nematodes?","docAbstract":"Human actions can affect wildlife and their nematode parasites. Species introductions and human-facilitated range expansions can create new host–parasite interactions. Novel hosts can introduce parasites and have the potential to both amplify and dilute nematode transmission. Furthermore, humans can alter existing nematode dynamics by changing host densities and the abiotic conditions that affect larval parasite survival. Human impacts on wildlife might impair parasites by reducing the abundance of their hosts; however, domestic animal production and complex life cycles can maintain transmission even when wildlife becomes rare. Although wildlife nematodes have many possible responses to human actions, understanding host and parasite natural history, and the mechanisms behind the changing disease dynamics might improve disease control in the few cases where nematode parasitism impacts wildlife.
","language":"English","publisher":"Science Direct","doi":"10.1016/j.pt.2015.01.005","usgsCitation":"Weinstein, S.B., and Lafferty, K.D., 2015, How do humans affect wildlife nematodes?: Trends in Parasitology, v. 31, no. 5, p. 222-227, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2015.01.005.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"222","endPage":"227","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061732","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308152,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa92bee4b05d6c4e501a94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weinstein, Sara B.","contributorId":141028,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weinstein","given":"Sara","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":7168,"text":"UCSB","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70148616,"text":"70148616 - 2015 - Movement ecology of five Afrotropical waterfowl species from Malawi, Mali and Nigeria","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-06T12:41:28","indexId":"70148616","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2970,"text":"Ostrich","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Movement ecology of five Afrotropical waterfowl species from Malawi, Mali and Nigeria","docAbstract":"Habitat availability for Afrotropical waterbirds is highly dynamic with unpredictable rainfall patterns and ephemeral wetlands resulting in diverse movement strategies among different species. Movement strategies among waterfowl encompass resident, regional and intercontinental migrants, but little quantitative information exists on their specific movement patterns. We studied the movement ecology of five Afrotropical waterfowl species marked with satellite transmitters in Malawi, Mali and Nigeria. Resident species, including White-faced Whistling Ducks Dendrocygna viduata, Fulvous Whistling Ducks Dendrocygna bicolor and Spur-winged Geese Plectropterus gambensis, remained sedentary during the rainy season and only flew limited distances during other months. In contrast, Knob-billed Ducks Sarkidiornis melanotos made short regional movements >50 km in all months and showed little site fidelity to previously used habitats in subsequent years. Garganey Anas quequedula followed an intercontinental strategy and made long-distance jumps across the Sahara and Mediterranean to their Eurasian breeding grounds. Most species flew farthest during the dry season, as mean daily movements varied from 1.5 to 14.2 km and was greatest in the winter months (January-March). Total distance moved varied from 9.5 km for White-faced Whistling Ducks (October-December) to 45.6 km for Knob-billed Ducks (April-June). Nomadic behaviour by Knob-billed Ducks was evidenced by long exploratory flights, but small mean daily movements suggested that they were relying on previous experience. Improving our understanding of these movement strategies increases our ability to assess connectivity of wetland resources that support waterfowl throughout their annual cycle and focuses conservation efforts on their most important habitats.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.2989/00306525.2015.1033773","usgsCitation":"Takekawa, J.Y., Heath, S., Iverson, S.R., Gaidet, N., Cappelle, J., Dodman, T., Hagemeijer, W., Eldridge, W., Petrie, S.A., Yarris, G., Manu, S., Olsen, G.H., Prosser, D.J., Spragens, K.A., Douglas, D.C., and Newman, S.H., 2015, Movement ecology of five Afrotropical waterfowl species from Malawi, Mali and Nigeria: Ostrich, v. 86, no. 1-2, p. 155-168, https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2015.1033773.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"168","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063584","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305717,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Malawi, Mali, Nigeria","otherGeospatial":"Hadejia-Nguru Wetlands, Inner Niger Delta, Lake Chad Basin, Lake Chilwa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 33.782958984375,\n -14.519780046326073\n ],\n [\n 33.782958984375,\n -9.308148692484803\n ],\n [\n 35.39794921875,\n -9.308148692484803\n ],\n [\n 35.39794921875,\n -14.519780046326073\n ],\n [\n 33.782958984375,\n -14.519780046326073\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -4.74609375,\n 14.668625907385902\n ],\n [\n -4.74609375,\n 16.804541076383455\n ],\n [\n -2.48291015625,\n 16.804541076383455\n ],\n [\n -2.48291015625,\n 14.668625907385902\n ],\n [\n -4.74609375,\n 14.668625907385902\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 13.38134765625,\n 12.618897304044024\n ],\n [\n 13.38134765625,\n 13.27202630119995\n ],\n [\n 14.765625,\n 13.27202630119995\n ],\n [\n 14.765625,\n 12.618897304044024\n ],\n [\n 13.38134765625,\n 12.618897304044024\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"86","issue":"1-2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55a632abe4b0183d66e45cc9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":548893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heath, Shane R.","contributorId":72263,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heath","given":"Shane R.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":548894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Iverson, S. 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Indeed, the frequency of extra-pair fertilizations reported in studies of raptors to date is relatively low (0-11.2%). Socially monogamous Cooper's Hawks (Accipiter cooperii) exhibit one of the highest copulation rates among birds, yet there are no published accounts of extra-pair copulations (or paternity). We studied a population of Cooper's Hawks in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, during three breeding seasons (2003, 2004, and 2007), examining the possible effects of age (1 yr old vs. ≥ 2 yr old), adult mass, and brood size on the frequency of extra-pair paternity (EPP). We found that 19.3% of nestlings (N = 27/140) were extra-pair young (EPY), and 34% of all broods (N = 15/44) had at least one EPY. The sires of the EPY in our study were identified for only two broods, suggesting that floater males may have engaged in extra-pair copulations with territorial females. We found that brood size was a good predictor of the occurrence of EPP (EPP) in nests, but adult mass and female age were not. To our knowledge, these possible correlates of the occurrence of EPP in raptors had not previously been investigated. Male Cooper's Hawks provide food for females during the pre-nesting period, and delivery of food is, in contrast to other raptor species, typically followed by copulation. Thus, one possible explanation of the relatively high rates of EPP in our study is that females might accept or even solicit extra-pair copulations from males other than their mates as a means of maximizing energy intake for egg production. Such behavior might be particularly likely in our study area, i.e., a food-rich urban setting with a high breeding density of Cooper's Hawks.
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2015 - Predicting alpine headwater stream intermittency: a case study in the northern Rocky Mountains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-16T09:26:57","indexId":"70148564","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3892,"text":"Ecohydrology & Hydrobiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predicting alpine headwater stream intermittency: a case study in the northern Rocky Mountains","docAbstract":"This investigation used climatic, geological, and environmental data coupled with observational stream intermittency data to predict alpine headwater stream intermittency. Prediction was made using a random forest classification model. Results showed that the most important variables in the prediction model were snowpack persistence, represented by average snow extent from March through July, mean annual mean monthly minimum temperature, and surface geology types. For stream catchments with intermittent headwater streams, snowpack, on average, persisted until early June, whereas for stream catchments with perennial headwater streams, snowpack, on average, persisted until early July. Additionally, on average, stream catchments with intermittent headwater streams were about 0.7 °C warmer than stream catchments with perennial headwater streams. Finally, headwater stream catchments primarily underlain by coarse, permeable sediment are significantly more likely to have intermittent headwater streams than those primarily underlain by impermeable bedrock. Comparison of the predicted streamflow classification with observed stream status indicated a four percent classification error for first-order streams and a 21 percent classification error for all stream orders in the study area.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Centre for Ecology","publisherLocation":"Warsaw","doi":"10.1016/j.ecohyd.2015.04.002","usgsCitation":"Sando, R., and Blasch, K.W., 2015, Predicting alpine headwater stream intermittency: a case study in the northern Rocky Mountains: Ecohydrology & Hydrobiology, v. 15, no. 2, p. 68-80, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecohyd.2015.04.002.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"68","endPage":"80","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052878","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301221,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"557ff73ae4b023124e8ef98a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sando, Roy 0000-0003-0704-6258","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0704-6258","contributorId":3874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sando","given":"Roy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":685,"text":"Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blasch, Kyle W. 0000-0002-0590-0724 kblasch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0590-0724","contributorId":1631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blasch","given":"Kyle","email":"kblasch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70148562,"text":"70148562 - 2015 - Performance metrics and variance partitioning reveal sources of uncertainty in species distribution models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-15T10:14:45","indexId":"70148562","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Performance metrics and variance partitioning reveal sources of uncertainty in species distribution models","docAbstract":"Species distribution models (SDMs) are widely used in basic and applied ecology, making it important to understand sources and magnitudes of uncertainty in SDM performance and predictions. We analyzed SDM performance and partitioned variance among prediction maps for 15 rare vertebrate species in the southeastern USA using all possible combinations of seven potential sources of uncertainty in SDMs: algorithms, climate datasets, model domain, species presences, variable collinearity, CO2 emissions scenarios, and general circulation models. The choice of modeling algorithm was the greatest source of uncertainty in SDM performance and prediction maps, with some additional variation in performance associated with the comprehensiveness of the species presences used for modeling. Other sources of uncertainty that have received attention in the SDM literature such as variable collinearity and model domain contributed little to differences in SDM performance or predictions in this study. Predictions from different algorithms tended to be more variable at northern range margins for species with more northern distributions, which may complicate conservation planning at the leading edge of species' geographic ranges. The clear message emerging from this work is that researchers should use multiple algorithms for modeling rather than relying on predictions from a single algorithm, invest resources in compiling a comprehensive set of species presences, and explicitly evaluate uncertainty in SDM predictions at leading range margins.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science B.V.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.03.017","usgsCitation":"Watling, J., Brandt, L., Bucklin, D., Fujisaki, I., Mazzotti, F., Romanach, S.S., and Speroterra, C., 2015, Performance metrics and variance partitioning reveal sources of uncertainty in species distribution models: Ecological Modelling, v. 309-310, p. 48-59, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.03.017.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"48","endPage":"59","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061287","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301222,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"309-310","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"557ff73ae4b023124e8ef986","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watling, James I.","contributorId":101963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watling","given":"James I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brandt, Laura A.","contributorId":18608,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brandt","given":"Laura A.","affiliations":[{"id":6987,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Sevice","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bucklin, David N.","contributorId":58963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bucklin","given":"David N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fujisaki, Ikuko","contributorId":42152,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fujisaki","given":"Ikuko","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mazzotti, Frank J.","contributorId":100018,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mazzotti","given":"Frank J.","affiliations":[{"id":12557,"text":"University of Florida, FLREC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Romanach, Stephanie S. 0000-0003-0271-7825 sromanach@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-7825","contributorId":140419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanach","given":"Stephanie","email":"sromanach@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Speroterra, Carolina","contributorId":34451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Speroterra","given":"Carolina","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":548637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70148566,"text":"70148566 - 2015 - Potential effects of climate change on the growth of fishes from different thermal guilds in Lakes Michigan and Huron","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-10T13:24:36","indexId":"70148566","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential effects of climate change on the growth of fishes from different thermal guilds in Lakes Michigan and Huron","docAbstract":"We used a bioenergetics modeling approach to investigate potential effects of climate change on the growth of two economically important native fishes: yellow perch (Perca flavescens), a cool-water fish, and lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis), a cold-water fish, in deep and oligotrophic Lakes Michigan and Huron. For assessing potential changes in fish growth, we contrasted simulated fish growth in the projected future climate regime during the period 2043-2070 under different prey availability scenarios with the simulated growth during the baseline (historical reference) period 1964-1993. Results showed that effects of climate change on the growth of these two fishes are jointly controlled by behavioral thermoregulation and prey availability. With the ability of behavioral thermoregulation, temperatures experienced by yellow perch in the projected future climate regime increased more than those experienced by lake whitefish. Thus simulated future growth decreased more for yellow perch than for lake whitefish under scenarios where prey availability remains constant into the future. Under high prey availability scenarios, simulated future growth of these two fishes both increased but yellow perch could not maintain the baseline efficiency of converting prey consumption into body weight. 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Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term monitoring of endangered Laysan ducks: Index validation and population estimates 1998–2012","docAbstract":"Monitoring endangered wildlife is essential to assessing management or recovery objectives and learning about population status. We tested assumptions of a population index for endangered Laysan duck (or teal; Anas laysanensis) monitored using mark–resight methods on Laysan Island, Hawai’i. We marked 723 Laysan ducks between 1998 and 2009 and identified seasonal surveys through 2012 that met accuracy and precision criteria for estimating population abundance. Our results provide a 15-y time series of seasonal population estimates at Laysan Island. We found differences in detection among seasons and how observed counts related to population estimates. The highest counts and the strongest relationship between count and population estimates occurred in autumn (September–November). The best autumn surveys yielded population abundance estimates that ranged from 674 (95% CI = 619–730) in 2003 to 339 (95% CI = 265–413) in 2012. A population decline of 42% was observed between 2010 and 2012 after consecutive storms and Japan’s To¯hoku earthquake-generated tsunami in 2011. Our results show positive correlations between the seasonal maximum counts and population estimates from the same date, and support the use of standardized bimonthly counts of unmarked birds as a valid index to monitor trends among years within a season at Laysan Island.
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