Heavy-mineral prospecting is a method of tracing potential ore minerals to their source by systematically examining the heavy minerals of stream sands. The heavy minerals are partially concentrated in the field by panning. In the laboratory the heavy minerals are further concentrated by floating off the quartz and feldspar in a heavy liquid, such as bromoform, having a specific gravity of 2.89. Magnetite is separated magnetically and scheelite is identified under short-wave ultraviolet light. To obtain quantitative results on the minerals present, the sample is reduced by coning and quartering, mounted on a slide in oil, and a count of a minimum of 250 grains made. The chi square test applied to the splitting and counting techniques shows them to be statistically valid. The properties of some heavy minerals most useful for their rapid identification are listed. Methods here described are those utilizing a minimum of field and laboratory equipment and may be appropriate for application in many areas of the world.
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Wells for domestic and stock supply generally can be drilled successfully in consolidated rocks. Wells for large-scale municipal, industrial, and irrigation supplies generally are successful in areas underlain by saturated unconsolidated deposits of sand and gravel.
Unconsolidated deposits in the basin receive about 2 million acre-feet of recharge annually, and about 84 million acre-feet of water is in temporary storage in the deposits. In 1968 and 1969 about 270,000 acre-feet of ground water was withdrawn annually for all purposes. Of the total withdrawn, about 167,000 acre-feet was applied for irrigation of about 122,000 acres of cropland. Total annual ground-water withdrawals for irrigation may be 1 million acre-feet by the year 2000.
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Central California Microearthquake Network: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 75-397, ii, 37 leaves ;28 cm.; (39 p. - PGS), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr75397.","productDescription":"ii, 37 leaves ;28 cm.; (39 p. - PGS)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147344,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4911e4b0b290850eedaf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Houck, Travis","contributorId":10279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houck","given":"Travis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guerrero, Jenny","contributorId":21410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guerrero","given":"Jenny","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, Anne","contributorId":69411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Anne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee, W.H.K.","contributorId":35303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"W.H.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":9707,"text":"ofr75407 - 1975 - Potash resources in part of Los Medanos area of Eddy and Lea Counties, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:21","indexId":"ofr75407","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"75-407","title":"Potash resources in part of Los Medanos area of Eddy and Lea Counties, New Mexico","docAbstract":"Los Medanos area of eastern Eddy and western Lea Counties, New Mexico, is being considered for possible siting of a repository Facility for experimental studies of nuclear-waste emplacement in salt beds of the Salado Formation of Permian age. The potential repository site encompasses about 29 square miles (75 square kilometres) of sandy terrain near the center of Los Medanos. The site is underlain by evaporite and red bed formations having an aggregate thickness of 4,462 feet (1,360 metres). \r\n\r\nThe Salado Formation, which is the main salt-bearing unit of the area, lies at a depth of 1,000 feet (305 metres). The formation is almost 1,970 feet (600 metres) of rock salt with prominent interbeds of anhydrite, polyhalite, glauberite, some widely spaced seams of fine-grained clastic rocks, and a few potash deposits containing sylvite and langbeinite. The potash deposits occur in salt beds 517-871 feet (158-265 metres) below the top of the formation. The lower half of the formation includes some salt beds which may be used for the experimental emplacement of nuclear wastes. Most, if not nearly all, of the potential repository site is underlain by potash deposits that contain sylvite and langbeinite.\r\n\r\nThe deposits grade 12-13 percent K2O as sylvite and 3-11 percent K2O as langbeinite, and must be regarded as having economic potential for potassium minerals. There is considerable uncertainty concerning the full extent and total range in quality of the ores in the deposit, and subsurface investigation will be required to assess their potential.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr75407","usgsCitation":"Jones, C., 1975, Potash resources in part of Los Medanos area of Eddy and Lea Counties, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 75-407, 37 p. :ill. (1 fold. in pocket) map, tables (some fold. in pocket) ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr75407.","productDescription":"37 p. :ill. 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Eric","contributorId":8118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Eric","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ebbett, Ballard E.","contributorId":18383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ebbett","given":"Ballard","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":9668,"text":"ofr75561 - 1975 - Recent man-induced modifications of the physical resources of the Redwood Creek unit of Redwood National Park, California, and the processes responsible for those modifications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:09","indexId":"ofr75561","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"75-561","title":"Recent man-induced modifications of the physical resources of the Redwood Creek unit of Redwood National Park, California, and the processes responsible for those modifications","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr75561","usgsCitation":"Janda, R.J., 1975, Recent man-induced modifications of the physical resources of the Redwood Creek unit of Redwood National Park, California, and the processes responsible for those modifications: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 75-561, 10 leaves ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr75561.","productDescription":"10 leaves ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":141007,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7ee4b07f02db648544","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Janda, Richard J.","contributorId":13235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janda","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":160092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":50752,"text":"ofr75257 - 1975 - Preliminary geologic map of the Wheelwright quadrangle, southeastern Kentucky","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":50752,"text":"ofr75257 - 1975 - Preliminary geologic map of the Wheelwright quadrangle, southeastern Kentucky","indexId":"ofr75257","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Wheelwright quadrangle, southeastern Kentucky"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":62313,"text":"gq1251 - 1975 - Geologic map of the Wheelwright quadrangle, southeastern Kentucky","indexId":"gq1251","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic map of the Wheelwright quadrangle, southeastern Kentucky"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":62313,"text":"gq1251 - 1975 - Geologic map of the Wheelwright quadrangle, southeastern Kentucky","indexId":"gq1251","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic map of the Wheelwright quadrangle, southeastern Kentucky"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:20","indexId":"ofr75257","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"75-257","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Wheelwright quadrangle, southeastern Kentucky","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr75257","usgsCitation":"Outerbridge, W., 1975, Preliminary geologic map of the Wheelwright quadrangle, southeastern Kentucky (Superced by GQ-1251): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 75-257, 1 map., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr75257.","productDescription":"1 map.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":176669,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Superced by GQ-1251","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679dc3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Outerbridge, William F.","contributorId":40181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Outerbridge","given":"William F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":50750,"text":"ofr75118 - 1975 - Preliminary geologic map of the Owenton quadrangle, Owen and Grant Counties, Kentucky","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":50750,"text":"ofr75118 - 1975 - Preliminary geologic map of the Owenton quadrangle, Owen and Grant Counties, Kentucky","indexId":"ofr75118","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Owenton quadrangle, Owen and Grant Counties, Kentucky"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":61823,"text":"gq1237 - 1975 - Geologic map of the Owenton quadrangle, Owen and Grant Counties, Kentucky","indexId":"gq1237","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic map of the Owenton quadrangle, Owen and Grant Counties, Kentucky"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":61823,"text":"gq1237 - 1975 - Geologic map of the Owenton quadrangle, Owen and Grant Counties, Kentucky","indexId":"gq1237","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic map of the Owenton quadrangle, Owen and Grant Counties, Kentucky"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:19","indexId":"ofr75118","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1975","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"75-118","title":"Preliminary geologic map of the Owenton quadrangle, Owen and Grant Counties, Kentucky","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr75118","usgsCitation":"Swadley, W.C., 1975, Preliminary geologic map of the Owenton quadrangle, Owen and Grant Counties, Kentucky (Superceded by GQ-1237): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 75-118, 1 map., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr75118.","productDescription":"1 map.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":175509,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Superceded by GQ-1237","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67af79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swadley, W. 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