{"pageNumber":"1192","pageRowStart":"29775","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165309,"records":[{"id":70148063,"text":"70148063 - 2015 - Variability of intertidal foraminferal assemblages in a salt marsh, Oregon, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-18T10:02:12","indexId":"70148063","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-18T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2673,"text":"Marine Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variability of intertidal foraminferal assemblages in a salt marsh, Oregon, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>We studied 18 sampling stations along a transect to investigate the similarity between live (rose Bengal stained) foraminiferal populations and dead assemblages, their small-scale spatial variations and the distribution of infaunal foraminifera in a salt marsh (Toms Creek marsh) at the upper end of the South Slough arm of the Coos Bay estuary, Oregon, USA. We aimed to test to what extent taphonomic processes, small-scale variability and infaunal distribution influence the accuracy of sea-level reconstructions based on intertidal foraminifera. Cluster analyses have shown that dead assemblages occur in distinct zones with respect to elevation, a prerequisite for using foraminifera as sea-level indicators. Our nonparametric multivariate analysis of variance showed that small-scale spatial variability has only a small influence on live (rose Bengal stained) populations and dead assemblages. The dissimilarity was higher, however, between live (rose Bengal stained) populations in the middle marsh. We observed early diagenetic dissolution of calcareous tests in the dead assemblages. If comparable post-depositional processes and similar minor spatial variability also characterize fossil assemblages, then dead assemblage are the best modern analogs for paleoenvironmental reconstructions. The Toms Creek tidal flat and low marsh vascular plant zones are dominated by&nbsp;</span><i>Miliammina fusca</i><span>, the middle marsh is dominated by&nbsp;</span><i>Balticammina pseudomacrescens</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>Trochammina inflata</i><span>, and the high marsh and upland&ndash;marsh transition zone are dominated by&nbsp;</span><i>Trochamminita irregularis</i><span>. Analysis of infaunal foraminifera showed that most living specimens are found in the surface sediments and the majority of live (rose Bengal stained) infaunal specimens are restricted to the upper 10&nbsp;cm, but living individuals are found to depths of 50&nbsp;cm. The dominant infaunal specimens are similar to those in the corresponding surface samples and no species have been found living solely infaunally. The total numbers of infaunal foraminifera are small compared to the total numbers of dead specimens in the surface samples. This suggests that surface samples adequately represent the modern intertidal environment in Toms Creek.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marmicro.2015.04.004","usgsCitation":"Milker, Y., Horton, B.P., Nelson, A.R., Engelhart, S.E., and Witter, R., 2015, Variability of intertidal foraminferal assemblages in a salt marsh, Oregon, USA: Marine Micropaleontology, v. 118, p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2015.04.004.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063845","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472086,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1285480","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":300465,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Toms Creek marsh","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.32575225830078,\n              43.287577553946846\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.32575225830078,\n              43.29320031385282\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.3157958984375,\n              43.29320031385282\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.3157958984375,\n              43.287577553946846\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.32575225830078,\n              43.287577553946846\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"118","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"555aff21e4b0a92fa7eac5d2","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.marmicro.2015.04.004","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2015.04.004","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Milker Yvonne, Horton Benjamin P., Nelson Alan R., Engelhart Simon E., Witter Robert C.","journalName":"Marine Micropaleontology","publicationDate":"6/2015","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milker, Yvonne","contributorId":121484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milker","given":"Yvonne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horton, Benjamin P.","contributorId":63641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelson, Alan R. 0000-0001-7117-7098 anelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7117-7098","contributorId":812,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Alan","email":"anelson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Engelhart, Simon E.","contributorId":60104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engelhart","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6923,"text":"University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Witter, Robert C. 0000-0002-1721-254X rwitter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-254X","contributorId":4528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witter","given":"Robert C.","email":"rwitter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70146518,"text":"fs20143123 - 2015 - Groundwater quality in the Cascade Range and Modoc Plateau, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-19T08:46:36","indexId":"fs20143123","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-18T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-3123","title":"Groundwater quality in the Cascade Range and Modoc Plateau, California","docAbstract":"<p>Groundwater provides more than 40 percent of California&rsquo;s drinking water. To protect this vital resource, the State of California created the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. The Priority Basin Project of the GAMA Program provides a comprehensive assessment of the State&rsquo;s groundwater quality and increases public access to groundwater-quality information. The Cascade Range and Modoc Plateau area constitutes one of the study units being evaluated.</p>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20143123","collaboration":"U.S. Geological Survey and the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Fram, M.S., and Shelton, J.L., 2015, Groundwater quality in the Cascade Range and Modoc Plateau, California: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2014-3123, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20143123.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-033358","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300445,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3123/"},{"id":300458,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3123/pdf/fs2014-3123.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":300459,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs20143123.JPG"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Cascade Range, Modoc Plateau","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.58544921875,\n              42.00032514831621\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.54150390625,\n              41.85319643776675\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.67333984374999,\n              41.672911819602085\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.2119140625,\n              41.22824901518532\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.40966796874999,\n              41.0130657870063\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.29980468749999,\n              40.76390128094589\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.36572265625,\n              40.54720023441049\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.2119140625,\n              40.26276066437183\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.75048828124999,\n              39.67337039176558\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.22314453124999,\n              40.04443758460859\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.65185546875,\n              40.111688665595956\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.25634765624999,\n              39.99395569397331\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.0146484375,\n              39.707186656826565\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.03662109374999,\n              41.983994270935625\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.58544921875,\n              42.00032514831621\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"555aff20e4b0a92fa7eac5c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fram, Miranda S. 0000-0002-6337-059X mfram@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6337-059X","contributorId":1156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fram","given":"Miranda","email":"mfram@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shelton, Jennifer L. 0000-0001-8508-0270 jshelton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8508-0270","contributorId":1155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelton","given":"Jennifer","email":"jshelton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70138888,"text":"sir20145238 - 2015 - Status and understanding of groundwater quality in the Cascade Range and Modoc Plateau study unit, 2010: California GAMA Priority Basin Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-18T09:11:07","indexId":"sir20145238","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-18T08:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5238","title":"Status and understanding of groundwater quality in the Cascade Range and Modoc Plateau study unit, 2010: California GAMA Priority Basin Project","docAbstract":"<p>Groundwater quality in the Cascade Range and Modoc Plateau study unit was investigated as part of the California State Water Resources Control Board&rsquo;s Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program Priority Basin Project. The study was designed to provide a statistically unbiased assessment of untreated groundwater quality in the primary aquifer system. The depth of the primary aquifer system for the Cascade Range and Modoc Plateau study unit was delineated by the depths of the screened or open intervals of wells in the State of California&rsquo;s database of public-supply wells. Two types of assessments were made: a<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span><i>status assessment</i><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span>that described the current quality of the groundwater resource, and an<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span><i>understanding assessment</i><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span>that made evaluations of relations between groundwater quality and potential explanatory factors representing characteristics of the primary aquifer system. The assessments characterize the quality of untreated groundwater, not the quality of treated drinking water delivered to consumers by water distributors.</p>\n<p>The<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span><i>status assessment</i><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span>was based on water-quality data collected in 2010 by the U.S. Geological Survey from 90 wells and springs (USGS-grid wells) and on water-quality data compiled from the State of California&rsquo;s regulatory compliance database for samples collected from 240 public-supply wells between September 2007 and September 2010. To provide context, the water-quality data discussed in this report were compared to California and Federal drinking-water regulatory and non-regulatory benchmarks for treated drinking water. Groundwater quality is defined in terms of relative concentrations (RCs), which are calculated by dividing the concentration of a constituent in groundwater by the concentration of the benchmark for that constituent. The RCs for inorganic constituents (major ions, trace elements, nutrients, and radioactive constituents) were classified as &ldquo;high&rdquo; (the RC is greater than 1.0, indicating that the concentration is above the benchmark), &ldquo;moderate&rdquo; (the RC is from 1.0 to greater than 0.5), or &ldquo;low&rdquo; (the RC is less than or equal to 0.5). For organic constituents (volatile organic compounds and pesticides) and special-interest constituents (perchlorate), the boundary between moderate and low RCs was set at 0.1. All benchmarks used for organic constituents were health-based. For inorganic constituents, health-based and aesthetic-based benchmarks were used. Constituents without benchmarks were not considered in the<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span><i>status assessment</i>.</p>\n<p>The primary metric used for quantifying regional-scale groundwater quality was the aquifer-scale proportion&mdash;the areal percentages of the primary aquifer system with high, moderate, and low RCs for a given constituent or class of constituents. The study unit was divided into six study areas on the basis of geologic differences (Eastside Sacramento Valley, Honey Lake Valley groundwater basin, Cascade Range and Modoc Plateau Low Use Basins, Quaternary Volcanic Areas, Shasta Valley and Mount Shasta Volcanic Area, and Tertiary Volcanic Areas), and each study area was divided into equal-area grid cells. Aquifer-scale proportions were calculated for individual constituents and constituent classes for each of the six study areas and for the study unit as a whole by using grid-based (one well per cell) and spatially weighted (many wells per cell) statistical methods.</p>\n<p>The<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span><i>status assessment</i><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span>showed that inorganic constituents were present at high and moderate RCs in greater proportions of the Cascade Range and Modoc Plateau study unit than were organic constituents. One or more inorganic constituents with health-based benchmarks were present at high RCs in 9.4 percent, and at moderate RCs in 14.7 percent of the primary aquifer system. Arsenic was present at high RCs in approximately 3 percent of the primary aquifer system; boron, molybdenum, uranium, and vanadium each were present at high RCs in approximately 2 percent of the primary aquifer system. One or more inorganic constituents with aesthetic-based benchmarks were present at high RCs in 15.1 percent of the primary aquifer system and at moderate RCs in 4.9 percent. Manganese, iron, and total dissolved solids were present at high RCs in approximately 12 percent, 5 percent, and 2 percent, respectively, of the primary aquifer system.</p>\n<p>Organic constituents were not detected at high or moderate RCs in the primary aquifer system, and one or more organic constituents were detected at low RCs in approximately 40 percent of the primary aquifer system.</p>\n<p>Two classes of organic constituents were detected in more than 10 percent of the primary aquifer system: trihalomethanes (chloroform only) and herbicides. The special interest constituent perchlorate was not detected at high RCs, but was detected at moderate RCs in approximately 2 percent of the primary aquifer system.</p>\n<p><span>The<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span></span><i>understanding assessment</i><span><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span>relied on statistical tests to evaluate relations between concentrations of constituents and values of potential explanatory factors representing geology, land use, well construction, hydrologic conditions, groundwater age, and geochemical conditions.</span></p>\n<p>The majority of the high and moderate RCs of arsenic, boron, molybdenum, uranium, and total dissolved solids were in samples from the Honey Lake Valley groundwater basin study area. Groundwater mixing with hydrothermal fluids present in the study area, evaporative concentration of groundwater in the Honey Lake playa, presence of uranium-bearing sediment derived from the adjacent Sierra Nevada, and release of arsenic and other trace elements from sediments under high pH and low dissolved oxygen conditions all appeared to contribute to these elevated concentrations. Thermal springs are in many parts of the Cascade Range and Modoc Plateau study unit and could account for locally elevated concentrations of arsenic, boron, molybdenum, and total dissolved solids in samples from the other study areas. Vanadium concentrations were greater in oxic samples than in anoxic samples, but were not correlated with pH, contrary to expectations from previous studies.</p>\n<p>Organic constituents were not detected at high or moderate RCs, and the occurrence of low organic constituents at low RCs ranged from 27 percent to 73 percent of the primary aquifers system in the six study areas. The Shasta Valley and Mount Shasta Volcanic study area had significantly greater occurrence of low RCs of herbicides compared to all of the other study areas, which could reflect the greater prevalence of modern groundwater in the Shasta Valley and Mount Shasta Volcanic study area and the presence of potential sources of herbicides, including applications to timberlands and roadside rights-of-way. The Eastside Sacramento Valley study area had the greatest occurrence of low concentrations of chloroform, and chloroform occurrence was most strongly associated with the combination of septic-tank density greater than two tanks per square kilometer and urban land use greater than 10 percent within a radius of 500 meters of the well. These conditions were most prevalent in the Eastside Sacramento Valley study area. The detection frequency of low concentrations of perchlorate was consistent with the probability of occurrence expected under natural conditions, except in the Eastside Sacramento Valley study area, where detection frequencies were much higher than expected and could not be explained by known anthropogenic sources of perchlorate.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145238","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board","usgsCitation":"Fram, M.S., and Shelton, J.L., 2015, Status and understanding of groundwater quality in the Cascade Range and Modoc Plateau study unit, 2010: California GAMA Priority Basin Project: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5238, xii, 131 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145238.","productDescription":"xii, 131 p.","numberOfPages":"147","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-033356","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300460,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20145238.jpg"},{"id":300457,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5238/pdf/sir2014-5238.pdf","text":"Report","size":"28.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":300444,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5238/"}],"projection":"Albers Equal Area Projection","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Cascade Range, Modoc Plateau","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shelton, Jennifer L. 0000-0001-8508-0270 jshelton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8508-0270","contributorId":1155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelton","given":"Jennifer","email":"jshelton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70147454,"text":"sir20155068 - 2015 - Hydrogeologic framework, groundwater movement, and water budget in the Puyallup River Watershed and vicinity, Pierce and King Counties, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-18T08:51:00","indexId":"sir20155068","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-18T08:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5068","title":"Hydrogeologic framework, groundwater movement, and water budget in the Puyallup River Watershed and vicinity, Pierce and King Counties, Washington","docAbstract":"<p>This report presents information used to characterize the groundwater-flow system in the Puyallup River Watershed and vicinity, and includes descriptions of the geology and hydrogeologic framework; groundwater recharge and discharge; groundwater levels and flow directions; seasonal groundwater level fluctuations; interactions between aquifers and the surface-water system; and a water budget. The study area covers about 1,220 square miles in northern Pierce and southern King Counties, Washington; extends north to the Green River and Auburn Valley and southwest to the Puyallup River and adjacent uplands; and is bounded on the south and east by foothills of the Cascade Range and on the west by Puget Sound. The area is underlain by a northwest-thickening sequence of unconsolidated glacial and interglacial deposits, which overlie sedimentary and volcanic bedrock units that crop out in the foothills along the southern and eastern margin of the study area. Geologic units were grouped into 13 hydrogeologic units consisting of aquifers, confining units, and an underlying bedrock unit. A surficial hydrogeologic unit map was developed and used with well information from 1,012 drillers&rsquo; logs to construct 8 hydrogeologic sections, and unit extent and thickness maps.</p>\n<p>Groundwater in unconsolidated glacial and interglacial aquifers generally flows to the northwest towards Puget Sound, and to the north and northeast towards the Puyallup River, White River, and Green River valleys. These generalized flow patterns are complicated by the presence of low permeability confining units and bedrock that separate discontinuous bodies of aquifer material and act as local groundwater-flow barriers. Water levels in wells completed in the unconsolidated hydrogeologic units show seasonal variations ranging from less than 1 to about 32 feet during the monitoring period (March 2011&ndash;March 2013).</p>\n<p>Synoptic streamflow measurements made in October 2011 and October 2012 indicated a total groundwater discharge to streams in the water-budget area (520 square miles located within the larger study area) of at least 349,000 and 280,000 acre-feet per year, respectively. Annual groundwater discharge to streams likely exceeds these values because streamflow measurements were made during the dry, late-summer and early-autumn period when groundwater levels typically are at annual lows. Most stream reaches in the study area either gain flow from groundwater discharge or exhibit near-neutral conditions with no substantial gain or loss of flow. Groundwater discharge occurs at numerous springs in the area; the total reported discharge of springs in the area is approximately 80,300 acre-feet per year.</p>\n<p>The water-budget area received about 1,428,000 acre-feet or about 52 inches of precipitation per year (January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2012). About 41 percent of precipitation enters the groundwater system as recharge. Seven percent of this recharge is withdrawn from wells and the remainder leaves the groundwater system as discharge to rivers, discharge to springs, or submarine discharge to Puget Sound, or exits the study area through subsurface flow in the Green River valley.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155068","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Cities of Auburn, Milton, Puyallup, Sumner, and Tacoma; Pierce Conservation District; Washington State Department of Health; Cascade Water Alliance; Lakehaven Utility District; Summit Water & Supply Company; Mt. View-Edgewood Water Company; and The Russell Family Foundation","usgsCitation":"Welch, W.B., Johnson, K.H., Savoca, M.E., Lane, R., Fasser, E.T., Gendaszek, A.S., Marshall, C., Clothier, B.G., and Knoedler, E.N., 2015, Hydrogeologic framework, groundwater movement, and water budget in the Puyallup River Watershed and vicinity, Pierce and King Counties, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5068, Report: vii, 53 p.; 4 Plates: 51.75 x 32.5 inches or smaller; Appendix A, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155068.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 53 p.; 4 Plates: 51.75 x 32.5 inches or smaller; Appendix A","numberOfPages":"66","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-057926","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300456,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155068.jpg"},{"id":300443,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5068/"},{"id":300449,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5068/pdf/sir2015-5068.pdf","text":"Report","size":"21.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":300450,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5068/pdf/sir2015-5068_plate1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"12 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 1","linkHelpText":"Layered PDF"},{"id":300451,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5068/pdf/sir2015-5068_plate2.pdf","text":"Plate 2","size":"16.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 2","linkHelpText":"Layered PDF"},{"id":300452,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5068/pdf/sir2015-5068_plate3.pdf","text":"Plate 3","size":"832 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 3","linkHelpText":"Layered PDF"},{"id":300453,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5068/pdf/sir2015-5068_plate4.pdf","text":"Plate 4","size":"15 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 4","linkHelpText":"Layered PDF"},{"id":300454,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5068/downloads/sir2015-5068_appendixa.xlsx","text":"Appendix A","size":"88 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Appendix A"}],"projection":"State Plane Washington South","datum":"North American Datum of 1983","country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"King County, Pierce County","otherGeospatial":"Puyallup River Watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.48176574707031,\n              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johnson@usgs.gov","contributorId":3103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Kenneth","email":"johnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Savoca, Mark E. mesavoca@usgs.gov","contributorId":1961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savoca","given":"Mark","email":"mesavoca@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lane, Ron C. rclane@usgs.gov","contributorId":139708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"Ron C.","email":"rclane@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fasser, Elisabeth T. 0000-0002-3945-6633 efasser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3945-6633","contributorId":3973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fasser","given":"Elisabeth","email":"efasser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gendaszek, Andrew S. 0000-0002-2373-8986 agendasz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2373-8986","contributorId":3509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gendaszek","given":"Andrew","email":"agendasz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Marshall, Cameron marshall@usgs.gov","contributorId":140516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"Cameron","email":"marshall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Clothier, Burt G.","contributorId":140517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clothier","given":"Burt","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":13522,"text":"Robinson & Noble","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Knoedler, Eric N.","contributorId":140518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knoedler","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70155982,"text":"70155982 - 2015 - Response of Bighead Carp and Silver Carp to repeated water gun operation in an enclosed shallow pond","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-01T12:11:46","indexId":"70155982","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-18T01:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of Bighead Carp and Silver Carp to repeated water gun operation in an enclosed shallow pond","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Bighead Carp&nbsp;</span><i>Hypophthalmichthys nobilis</i><span>&nbsp;and Silver Carp&nbsp;</span><i>H. molitrix</i><span>&nbsp;are nonnative species that pose a threat to Great Lakes ecosystems should they advance into those areas. Thus, technologies to impede Asian carp movement into the Great Lakes are needed; one potential technology is the seismic water gun. We evaluated the efficacy of a water gun array as a behavioral deterrent to the movement of acoustic-tagged Bighead Carp and Silver Carp in an experimental pond. Behavioral responses were evaluated by using four metrics: (1) fish distance from the water guns (</span><i>D</i><span>); (2) spatial area of the fish's utilization distribution (UD); (3) persistence velocity (</span><i>V<sub>p</sub></i><span>); and (4) number of times a fish transited the water gun array. For both species, average&nbsp;</span><i>D</i><span>&nbsp;increased by 10&nbsp;m during the firing period relative to the pre-firing period. During the firing period, the spatial area of use within the pond decreased. Carp were located throughout the pond during the pre-firing period but were concentrated in the north end of the pond during the firing period, thus reducing their UDs by roughly 50%. Overall,&nbsp;</span><i>V<sub>p</sub></i><span>&nbsp;decreased during the firing period relative to the pre-firing period, as fish movement became more tortuous and confined, suggesting that the firing of the guns elicited a change in carp behavior. The water gun array was partially successful at impeding carp movement, but some fish did transit the array. Bighead Carp moved past the guns a total of 78&nbsp;times during the pre-firing period and 15&nbsp;times during the firing period; Silver Carp moved past the guns 96&nbsp;times during the pre-firing period and 13&nbsp;times during the firing period. Although the water guns did alter carp behavior, causing the fish to move away from the guns, this method was not 100% effective as a passage deterrent.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2015.1012279","usgsCitation":"Romine, J.G., Jensen, N., Parsley, M.J., Gaugush, R.F., Severson, T.J., Hatton, T., Adams, R.F., and Gaikowski, M., 2015, Response of Bighead Carp and Silver Carp to repeated water gun operation in an enclosed shallow pond: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 35, no. 3, p. 440-453, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2015.1012279.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"440","endPage":"453","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059290","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306694,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55cdbfbce4b08400b1fe1435","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Romine, Jason G. 0000-0002-6938-1185 jromine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6938-1185","contributorId":2823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romine","given":"Jason","email":"jromine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jensen, Nathan njensen@usgs.gov","contributorId":146353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jensen","given":"Nathan","email":"njensen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parsley, Michael J. 0000-0003-0097-6364 mparsley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0097-6364","contributorId":2608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsley","given":"Michael","email":"mparsley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gaugush, Robert F. rgaugush@usgs.gov","contributorId":5873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaugush","given":"Robert","email":"rgaugush@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Severson, Todd J. 0000-0001-5282-3779 tseverson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5282-3779","contributorId":4749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Severson","given":"Todd","email":"tseverson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hatton, Tyson W. 0000-0002-2874-0719","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2874-0719","contributorId":9112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatton","given":"Tyson W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":568061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Adams, Ryan F. 0000-0001-7299-329X rfadams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7299-329X","contributorId":5499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Ryan","email":"rfadams@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5064,"text":"Southeast Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gaikowski, Mark P. 0000-0002-6507-9341 mgaikowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6507-9341","contributorId":140353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaikowski","given":"Mark P.","email":"mgaikowski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":567534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70173594,"text":"70173594 - 2015 - An evaluation of the efficiency of minnow traps for estimating the abundance of minnows in desert spring systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-09T17:02:18","indexId":"70173594","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An evaluation of the efficiency of minnow traps for estimating the abundance of minnows in desert spring systems","docAbstract":"<p><span>Desert springs are sensitive aquatic ecosystems that pose unique challenges to natural resource managers and researchers. Among the most important of these is the need to accurately quantify population parameters for resident fish, particularly when the species are of special conservation concern. We evaluated the efficiency of baited minnow traps for estimating the abundance of two at-risk species, Foskett Speckled Dace&nbsp;</span><i>Rhinichthys osculus</i><span>&nbsp;ssp. and Borax Lake Chub&nbsp;</span><i>Gila boraxobius</i><span>, in desert spring systems in southeastern Oregon. We evaluated alternative sample designs using simulation and found that capture&ndash;recapture designs with four capture occasions would maximize the accuracy of estimates and minimize fish handling. We implemented the design and estimated capture and recapture probabilities using the Huggins closed-capture estimator. Trap capture probabilities averaged 23% and 26% for Foskett Speckled Dace and Borax Lake Chub, respectively, but differed substantially among sample locations, through time, and nonlinearly with fish body size. Recapture probabilities for Foskett Speckled Dace were, on average, 1.6&nbsp;times greater than (first) capture probabilities, suggesting &ldquo;trap-happy&rdquo; behavior. Comparison of population estimates from the Huggins model with the commonly used Lincoln&ndash;Petersen estimator indicated that the latter underestimated Foskett Speckled Dace and Borax Lake Chub population size by 48% and by 20%, respectively. These biases were due to variability in capture and recapture probabilities. Simulation of fish monitoring that included the range of capture and recapture probabilities observed indicated that variability in capture and recapture probabilities in time negatively affected the ability to detect annual decreases by up to 20% in fish population size. Failure to account for variability in capture and recapture probabilities can lead to poor quality data and study inferences. Therefore, we recommend that fishery researchers and managers employ sample designs and estimators that can account for this variability.</span></p>","language":"English","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2015.1017125","usgsCitation":"Peterson, J., Scheerer, P.D., and Clements, S., 2015, An evaluation of the efficiency of minnow traps for estimating the abundance of minnows in desert spring systems: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 35, no. 3, p. 491-502, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2015.1017125.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"491","endPage":"502","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059417","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323444,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Borax Lake, Foskett Springs","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.61395597457886,\n              42.32103329504342\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.61395597457886,\n              42.330012504076684\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.59790563583373,\n              42.330012504076684\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.59790563583373,\n              42.32103329504342\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.61395597457886,\n              42.32103329504342\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575a932fe4b04f417c275120","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scheerer, Paul D.","contributorId":171713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scheerer","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clements, Shaun","contributorId":171685,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clements","given":"Shaun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70148106,"text":"70148106 - 2015 - Development of 20 TaqMan assays differentiating the endangered shortnose and Lost River suckers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-19T11:27:09","indexId":"70148106","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-17T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1325,"text":"Conservation Genetics Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of 20 TaqMan assays differentiating the endangered shortnose and Lost River suckers","docAbstract":"<p>Accurate species identification is vital to conservation and management of species at risk. Species identification is challenging when taxa express similar phenotypic characters and form hybrids, for example the endangered shortnose sucker (<i>Chasmistes brevirostris</i>) and Lost River sucker (<i>Deltistes luxatus</i>). Here, we developed 20 Taqman assays that differentiate these species (19 nuclear DNA and one mitochondrial DNA). Assays were evaluated in 160 young-of-the-year identified to species using meristic counts. Alleles were not fixed between species, but species were highly differentiated (<i>F <sub>ST</sub></i> = 0.753, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). The assays developed herein will be a valuable tool for resource managers.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s12686-015-0474-y","usgsCitation":"Hoy, M.S., and Ostberg, C.O., 2015, Development of 20 TaqMan assays differentiating the endangered shortnose and Lost River suckers: Conservation Genetics Resources, v. 7, no. 3, p. 673-676, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12686-015-0474-y.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"673","endPage":"676","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061087","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300644,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"555f01bee4b0a92fa7eb9698","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoy, Marshal S. 0000-0003-2828-9697 mhoy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2828-9697","contributorId":3033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoy","given":"Marshal","email":"mhoy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ostberg, Carl O. 0000-0003-1479-8458 costberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1479-8458","contributorId":3031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostberg","given":"Carl","email":"costberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70138807,"text":"sim3313 - 2015 - Potentiometric surface, 2012, and water-level differences, 2005-12, of the Sparta Aquifer in north-central Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-15T16:15:34","indexId":"sim3313","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-15T17:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3313","title":"Potentiometric surface, 2012, and water-level differences, 2005-12, of the Sparta Aquifer in north-central Louisiana","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Sparta aquifer is used in 15 parishes in north-central Louisiana, primarily for public supply and industrial purposes. Of those parishes, eight (Bienville, Claiborne, Jackson, Lincoln, Ouachita, Union, Webster, and Winn) rely on the Sparta aquifer as their principal source of groundwater. In 2010, withdrawals from the Sparta aquifer in Louisiana totaled 63.11 million gallons per day (Mgal/d), a reduction of more than 11 percent from 1995, when the highest rate of withdrawals (71.32 Mgal/d) from the Sparta aquifer were documented. The Sparta aquifer provides water for a variety of purposes which include public supply (34.61 Mgal/d), industrial (25.60 Mgal/d), rural domestic (1.50 Mgal/d), and various agricultural (1.40 Mgal/d). Of the 13 major aquifers or aquifer systems in Louisiana, the Sparta aquifer is currently (2012) the sixth most heavily pumped. The Sparta aquifer is the second most heavily pumped aquifer in Arkansas, which borders Louisiana to the north. In 2005, 170 Mgal/d were withdrawn from the Sparta aquifer in eastern and southern Arkansas; of that total, about 15.55 Mgal/d were withdrawn from the aquifer in Union County, which borders Claiborne and Union Parishes to the north. By 1997, a large cone of depression (a cone-shaped depression in the potentiometric surface caused by and centered on a pumping well or wells) in the Sparta aquifer centered over Union County had merged with the cone of depression at West Monroe. In 2004, the rate of withdrawal from the Sparta aquifer in Union County began to decline and water levels in the aquifer began to rise in nearby areas of Arkansas and Louisiana.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3313","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development","usgsCitation":"McGee, B.D., and Brantly, J.A., 2015, Potentiometric surface, 2012, and water-level differences, 2005-12, of the Sparta Aquifer in north-central Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3313, 2 Sheets: 44.00 x 34.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3313.","productDescription":"2 Sheets: 44.00 x 34.00 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2005-01-01","temporalEnd":"2012-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-048894","costCenters":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brantly, Jeffrey A. jbrantly@usgs.gov","contributorId":5405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brantly","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jbrantly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":369,"text":"Louisiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70148166,"text":"70148166 - 2015 - Composition, shell strength, and metabolizable energy of Mulinia lateralis and Ischadium recurvum as food for wintering surf scoters (Melanitta perspicillata)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-26T12:43:02","indexId":"70148166","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-15T13:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Composition, shell strength, and metabolizable energy of Mulinia lateralis and Ischadium recurvum as food for wintering surf scoters (Melanitta perspicillata)","docAbstract":"<p>Decline in surf scoter (Melanitta perspicillata) waterfowl populations wintering in the Chesapeake Bay has been associated with changes in the availability of benthic bivalves. The Bay has become more eutrophic, causing changes in the benthos available to surf scoters. The subsequent decline in oyster beds (Crassostrea virginica) has reduced the hard substrate needed by the hooked mussel (Ischadium recurvum), one of the primary prey items for surf scoters, causing the surf scoter to switch to a more opportune species, the dwarf surfclam (Mulinia lateralis). The composition (macronutrients, minerals, and amino acids), shell strength (N), and metabolizable energy (kJ) of these prey items were quantified to determine the relative foraging values for wintering scoters. Pooled samples of each prey item were analyzed to determine composition. Shell strength (N) was measured using a shell crack compression test. Total collection digestibility trials were conducted on eight captive surf scoters. For the prey size range commonly consumed by surf scoters (6-12 mm for M. lateralis and 18-24 mm for I. recurvum), I. recurvum contained higher ash, protein, lipid, and energy per individual organism than M. lateralis. I. recurvum required significantly greater force to crack the shell relative to M. lateralis. No difference in metabolized energy was observed for these prey items in wintering surf scoters, despite I. recurvum's higher ash content and harder shell than M. lateralis. Therefore, wintering surf scoters were able to obtain the same amount of energy from each prey item, implying that they can sustain themselves if forced to switch prey.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0119839","usgsCitation":"Berlin, A., Perry, M.C., Kohn, R., Paynter, K., and Ottinger, M.A., 2015, Composition, shell strength, and metabolizable energy of Mulinia lateralis and Ischadium recurvum as food for wintering surf scoters (Melanitta perspicillata): PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 5, p. 1-17, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0119839.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"17","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049373","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472087,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0119839","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":300792,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55659935e4b0d9246a9eb610","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berlin, Alicia aberlin@usgs.gov","contributorId":4139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berlin","given":"Alicia","email":"aberlin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Perry, Matthew C. mperry@usgs.gov","contributorId":429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Matthew","email":"mperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":547619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kohn, R.A.","contributorId":140930,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kohn","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paynter, K.T. Jr.","contributorId":140931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paynter","given":"K.T.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":547621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ottinger, Mary Ann","contributorId":26422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ottinger","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":547622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70147790,"text":"sir20155069 - 2015 - Water-quality characteristics of stormwater runoff in Rapid City, South Dakota, 2008-14","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-12T20:04:04","indexId":"sir20155069","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-15T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5069","title":"Water-quality characteristics of stormwater runoff in Rapid City, South Dakota, 2008-14","docAbstract":"<p>The water quality of Rapid Creek is important because the reach that flows through Rapid City, South Dakota, is a valuable spawning area for a self-sustaining trout fishery, actively used for recreation, and a seasonal municipal water supply for the City of Rapid City. This report presents the current (2008&ndash;14) water-quality characteristics of urban stormwater runoff in selected drainage networks within the City of Rapid City, and provides an evaluation of the pollutant reductions of wetland channels implemented as a best-management practice. Stormwater runoff data were collected at nine sites in three drainage basins within Rapid City: the Arrowhead (2 monitoring sites), Meade-Hawthorne (1 monitoring site), and Downtown (6 monitoring sites) drainage basins. Stormwater runoff was evaluated for concentrations of total suspended solids (TSS) and bacteria at sites in the Arrowhead and Meade-Hawthorne drainage basins, and for concentrations of TSS, chloride, bacteria, nutrients, and metals at sites in the Downtown drainage basin.</p>\n<p>For the Arrowhead and Meade-Hawthorne sites, event-mean concentrations typically exceeded the TSS and bacteria beneficial-use criteria for Rapid Creek by 1&ndash;2 orders of magnitude. Comparing the two drainage basins, median TSS event-mean concentrations were more than two times greater at the Meade-Hawthorne outlet (520 milligrams per liter) than the Arrowhead outlet (200 milligrams per liter). Median fecal coliform bacteria event-mean concentrations also were greater at the Meade-Hawthorne outlet site (30,000 colony forming units per 100 milliliters) than the Arrowhead outlet site (17,000 colony forming units per 100 milliliters). A comparison to relevant standards indicates that stormwater runoff from the Downtown drainage basin exceeded criteria for bacteria and TSS, but concentrations generally were below standards for nutrients and metals. Stormwater-quality conditions from the Downtown drainage basin outfalls were similar to or better than stormwater-quality conditions observed in the Arrowhead and Meade-Hawthorne drainage basins. Three wetland channels located at the outlet of the Downtown drainage basin were evaluated for their pollutant reduction capability. Mean reductions in TSS and lead concentrations were greater than 40 percent for all three wetland channels. Total nitrogen, phosphorus, copper, and zinc concentrations also were reduced by at least 20 percent at all three wetlands. Fecal coliform bacteria concentrations typically were reduced by about 21 and 36 percent at the 1st and 2nd Street wetlands, respectively, but the reduction at the 3rd Street wetland channel was nearly zero percent. Total wetland storage volume affected pollutant reductions because TSS, phosphorus, and ammonia reductions were greatest in the wetland with the greatest volume. Chloride concentrations typically increased from inflow to outflow at the 2nd and 3rd Street wetland channels.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155069","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Rapid City","usgsCitation":"Hoogestraat, G., 2015, Water-quality characteristics of stormwater runoff in Rapid City, South Dakota, 2008-14: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5069, Report: vi, 27 p.; 1 Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155069.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 27 p.; 1 Appendix","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2008-01-01","temporalEnd":"2014-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-062139","costCenters":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science 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,{"id":70148014,"text":"ofr20151094 - 2015 - Exposure-related effects of formulated <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> strain CL145A to glochidia from seven unionid mussel species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-15T08:58:50","indexId":"ofr20151094","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-15T09:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1094","title":"Exposure-related effects of formulated <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> strain CL145A to glochidia from seven unionid mussel species","docAbstract":"<p>The study was completed to evaluate the exposure-related effects of a biopesticide for dreissenid mussel (<i>Dreissena polymorpha</i>, zebra mussel and&nbsp;<i>Dreissena rostriformis bugensis</i>, quagga mussel) control on glochidia from unionid mussels endemic to the Great Lakes and Upper Mississippi River Basins. The commercially prepared biopesticide was either a spray-dried powder (SDP) or freeze-dried powder (FDP) formulation of&nbsp;<i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i>, strain CL145A. Glochidia of the unionid mussel species&nbsp;<i>Lampsilis cardium</i>,&nbsp;<i>Lampsilis siliquoidea</i>,<i>Lampsilis higginsii</i>,&nbsp;<i>Ligumia recta</i>,&nbsp;<i>Obovaria olivaria</i>, and&nbsp;<i>Actinonaias ligamentina</i>&nbsp;were exposed to SDP-formulated&nbsp;<i>P. fluorescens</i>&nbsp;and<i>Lampsilis cardium</i>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<i>Megalonaias nervosa</i>&nbsp;were exposed to FDP-formulated&nbsp;<i>P. fluorescens</i>.</p>\n<p>All exposures were static, 24 hours in duration, and included six treatment groups. The treatment groups included (1) an untreated control, (2) a positive control which received a nominal target active ingredient (AI) concentration of 300 milligrams per liter (mg/L) of heat-deactivated test article, and (3) treatments that received nominal target AI concentrations of 50, 100, 200, and 300 mg/L of test article. All treatment concentrations are reported based on active ingredient.</p>\n<p>Glochidia viability was reduced in two of the six species exposed to 50 mg/L SDP and in four of the six species exposed to 100 mg/L SDP when compared to untreated control groups at 6, 12, and 24 hours. Regardless of sample time, concentrations of 200 and 300 mg/L of SDP and 300 mg/L of heat-deactivated SDP (positive control) substantially reduced glochidia viability in all species except,&nbsp;<i>L</i>.&nbsp;<i>higginsii</i>. Glochidia viability was only reduced for L. cardium exposed to FDP at concentrations &ge; 200 mg/L. After 24 hours of FDP exposure, differences in glochidia viability were only detected in&nbsp;<i>M</i>.&nbsp;<i>nervosa</i>&nbsp;that were exposed to 300 mg/L of heat-deactivated SDP. However, given the low viability in the control group, the results for&nbsp;<i>M</i>.&nbsp;<i>nervosa</i>&nbsp;should be interpreted with caution.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151094","usgsCitation":"Luoma, J.A., Weber, K.L., Severson, T.J., Schreier, T.M., Mayer, D.A., Aloisi, D.B., and Eckert, N.L., 2015, Exposure-related effects of formulated <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> strain CL145A to glochidia from seven unionid mussel species: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1094, vii, 474 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151094.","productDescription":"vii, 474 p.","numberOfPages":"483","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064604","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300419,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1094/pdf/ofr2015-1094.pdf","text":"Report","size":"14.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":300420,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151094.jpg"},{"id":300418,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1094/"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55570a9be4b0a92fa7e9cffb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luoma, James A. 0000-0003-3556-0190 jluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3556-0190","contributorId":4449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"James","email":"jluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weber, Kerry L. klweber@usgs.gov","contributorId":4750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weber","given":"Kerry","email":"klweber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Severson, Todd J. 0000-0001-5282-3779 tseverson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5282-3779","contributorId":4749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Severson","given":"Todd","email":"tseverson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schreier, Theresa M. 0000-0001-7722-6292 tschreier@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7722-6292","contributorId":3344,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreier","given":"Theresa","email":"tschreier@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mayer, Denise A.","contributorId":140296,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mayer","given":"Denise","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13400,"text":"New York State Museum, Cambridge Field Research Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Aloisi, Douglas B.","contributorId":140752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aloisi","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Eckert, Nathan L.","contributorId":140298,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eckert","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70143988,"text":"70143988 - 2015 - Enhancing evaluation of post-storm morphologic response using aerial orthoimagery from Hurricane Sandy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-23T15:53:03","indexId":"70143988","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Enhancing evaluation of post-storm morphologic response using aerial orthoimagery from Hurricane Sandy","docAbstract":"<p>Improved identification of morphological responses to storms is necessary for developing and maintaining predictive models of coastal change. Morphological responses to Hurricane Sandy were measured using lidar and orthophotos taken before and after the storm. Changes to dune features measured from lidar were compared to the occurrence of overwash deposits measured using orthophotos. Thresholds on morphologic change (e.g. overwash volume and dune height change) were defined to optimize agreement between the classification of lidar and orthophoto-derived dune erosion and overwash. A linear regression showed that overwash volume can be calculated from orthophoto-derived overwash extent.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"The Proceedings of the Coastal Sediments 2015","conferenceTitle":"Coastal Sediments 2015","conferenceDate":"11 – 15 May 2015","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, USA","language":"English","publisher":"World Scientific Publication Company","usgsCitation":"Smith, J.R., Long, J.W., Stockdon, H.F., and Birchler, J.J., 2015, Enhancing evaluation of post-storm morphologic response using aerial orthoimagery from Hurricane Sandy, <i>in</i> The Proceedings of the Coastal Sediments 2015, San Diego, USA, 11 – 15 May 2015, 14 p.","productDescription":"14 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062659","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science 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,{"id":70146562,"text":"70146562 - 2015 - Projection of wave conditions in response to climate change: A community approach to global and regional wave downscaling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-03-16T20:52:57.064468","indexId":"70146562","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Projection of wave conditions in response to climate change: A community approach to global and regional wave downscaling","docAbstract":"<p><span>Future changes in wind-wave climate have broad implications for coastal geomorphology and management. General circulation models (GCM) are now routinely used for assessing climatological parameters, but generally do not provide parameterizations of ocean wind-waves. To fill this information gap, a growing number of studies use GCM outputs to independently downscale wave conditions to global and regional levels. To consolidate these efforts and provide a robust picture of projected changes, we present strategies from the community-derived multi-model ensemble of wave climate projections (COWCLIP) and an overview of regional contributions. Results and strategies from one contributing regional study concerning changes along the eastern North Pacific coast are presented.</span><br></p>","conferenceTitle":"Coastal Sediments 2015","conferenceDate":"May 11-15, 2015","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA","language":"English","publisher":"World Scientific Publishing Company","publisherLocation":"Singapore","doi":"10.1142/9789814689977_0243","usgsCitation":"Erikson, L., Hemer, M., Lionello, P., Mendez, F.J., Mori, N., Semedo, A., Wang, X., and Wolf, J., 2015, Projection of wave conditions in response to climate change: A community approach to global and regional wave downscaling, Coastal Sediments 2015, San Diego, CA, May 11-15, 2015, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814689977_0243.","productDescription":"13 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063566","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342006,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593127b1e4b0e9bd0ea9ef17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erikson, Li H. lerikson@usgs.gov","contributorId":138920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erikson","given":"Li H.","email":"lerikson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hemer, M.","contributorId":140320,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hemer","given":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12494,"text":"CSIRO Land and Water, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lionello, Piero","contributorId":140321,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lionello","given":"Piero","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13455,"text":"University of Salento","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mendez, Fernando J.","contributorId":177514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mendez","given":"Fernando","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":696890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mori, Nobuhito","contributorId":140323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mori","given":"Nobuhito","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13457,"text":"Kyoto Univeristyy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":696891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Semedo, Alvaro","contributorId":140324,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Semedo","given":"Alvaro","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13458,"text":"Escola Naval, Portugal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":696892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wang, Xiaolan","contributorId":140325,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Xiaolan","affiliations":[{"id":6779,"text":"Environment Canada, Burlington, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":696893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wolf, Judith","contributorId":140326,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolf","given":"Judith","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13459,"text":"National Oceanography Centre, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":696894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70145272,"text":"70145272 - 2015 - Quantifying the geomorphic resiliency of barrier island beaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-22T15:10:36.651377","indexId":"70145272","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Quantifying the geomorphic resiliency of barrier island beaches","docAbstract":"<p><span>Hurricane Sandy had an extensive impact on the beaches along the Atlantic coast. To quantify beach recovery, and examine alongshore variations in coastal resiliency, we develop a morphometric within the upper portion of the beach that is based on observed historical storm response at Fire Island, NY. The beach change envelope (BCE) boundaries are elevation contours which capture the portion of the upper beach that experiences erosion during moderate events but is above the influence of tides and lesser events. The data include ten profile sites that were surveyed seventeen times from October 2012 to October 2014. The time series indicate that there is a temporal trend towards widening and increasing elevation of the BCE that may represent a recovery state of the beach. Rates of recovery are generally higher in undeveloped locations, and areas where dunes did not overwash tend to favor more rapid recovery of the upper beach.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The proceedings of the coastal sediments 2015","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Coastal Sediments 2015","conferenceDate":"May 11-15, 2015","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, California","language":"English","doi":"10.1142/9789814689977_0249","usgsCitation":"Hapke, C.J., Brenner, O.T., and Henderson, R., 2015, Quantifying the geomorphic resiliency of barrier island beaches, <i>in</i> The proceedings of the coastal sediments 2015, San Diego, California, May 11-15, 2015, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814689977_0249.","productDescription":"11 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062698","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311100,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Fire Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -72.75833129882812,\n              40.771181859756496\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.8558349609375,\n              40.74205475883487\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.90664672851562,\n              40.733730386116875\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.94921875,\n              40.71603763556807\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.0316162109375,\n              40.6827208759455\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.14010620117188,\n              40.65772237175813\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.23898315429688,\n              40.63688312646408\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.29116821289062,\n              40.6306300839918\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.311767578125,\n              40.62854560636587\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.32275390625,\n              40.62541876792774\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.29803466796875,\n              40.61812224225511\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.20465087890625,\n              40.6306300839918\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.04672241210938,\n              40.6639728763869\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.94784545898438,\n              40.69521661351717\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.84072875976562,\n              40.733730386116875\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.75146484374999,\n              40.76078078870895\n            ],\n            [\n              -72.75833129882812,\n              40.771181859756496\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"563ddd43e4b0831b7d6271f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hapke, Cheryl J. 0000-0002-2753-4075 chapke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2753-4075","contributorId":2981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hapke","given":"Cheryl","email":"chapke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6676,"text":"USGS (retired)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":544132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brenner, Owen T. 0000-0002-1588-721X obrenner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1588-721X","contributorId":4933,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brenner","given":"Owen","email":"obrenner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Henderson, Rachel E. 0000-0001-5810-7941 rhehre@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5810-7941","contributorId":4934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"Rachel E.","email":"rhehre@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":544134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70144367,"text":"70144367 - 2015 - The effects of geomorphic changes during Hurricane Sandy on water levels in Great South Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-22T15:09:43.069217","indexId":"70144367","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"The effects of geomorphic changes during Hurricane Sandy on water levels in Great South Bay","docAbstract":"<p><span>Hurricane Sandy caused record coastal flooding along the south shore of Long Island, NY, and led to significant geomorphic changes. These included severe dune erosion along the length of Fire Island and the formation of the Wilderness Breach. This study attempts to use numerical models to quantify how these changes affected water levels inside Great South Bay during and after Hurricane Sandy. The results suggest that overwash along Fire Island may have locally increased peak surge levels in the bay by 20 cm during the storm. There is however large uncertainty surrounding the overwash fluxes. The model results suggest that the development of the Wilderness Breach had locally led to an increase in peak water levels of approximately 7 percent at Lindenhurst by mid-2014, and an increase in tidal amplitudes here of 15 percent. The models predict that the largest changes have occurred in the central part of Great South Bay.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The proceedings of the coastal sediments 2015","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Coastal Sediments 2015","conferenceDate":"May 11-15,  2015","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA","language":"English","publisher":"World Scientific","doi":"10.1142/9789814689977_0221","usgsCitation":"van Ormondt, M., Hapke, C., Roelvink, D., and Nelson, T., 2015, The effects of geomorphic changes during Hurricane Sandy on water levels in Great South Bay, <i>in</i> The proceedings of the coastal sediments 2015, San Diego, CA, May 11-15,  2015, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814689977_0221.","productDescription":"14 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062930","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science 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chapke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2753-4075","contributorId":139949,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hapke","given":"Cheryl","email":"chapke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":543545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roelvink, Dano","contributorId":139950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roelvink","given":"Dano","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13328,"text":"UNESCO-IHE","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nelson, Timothy R. 0000-0002-5005-7617 trnelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5005-7617","contributorId":5814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Timothy R.","email":"trnelson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science 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,{"id":70155144,"text":"70155144 - 2015 - Behavior of the Hawaiian Hawaiian Hoary Bat (Lasiurus cinereus semotus) at wind turbines and its distribution across the North Ko'olau Mountains, O'ahu","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T12:44:12","indexId":"70155144","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-14T18:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":414,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"seriesNumber":"HCSU-064","displayTitle":"Behavior of the Hawaiian Hawaiian Hoary Bat (<i>Lasiurus cinereus semotus</i>) at wind turbines and its distribution across the North Ko'olau Mountains, O'ahu","title":"Behavior of the Hawaiian Hawaiian Hoary Bat (Lasiurus cinereus semotus) at wind turbines and its distribution across the North Ko'olau Mountains, O'ahu","docAbstract":"<p><span>We studied the landscape distribution of endemic Hawaiian hoary bats <i>(Lasiurus cinereus semotus</i>) on the north Ko‘olau Mountains of O‘ahu, Hawai‘i, from May 2013 to May 2014, while simultaneously studying their behavior at wind turbines within the broader landscape. This research aimed to assess the risk that wind turbines pose to bats on the island and integrated a variety of methods, including acoustic monitoring, thermal videography, and fatality searches.Our findings indicate that hoary bats were acoustically cryptic and occurred sparsely in the region. Overall site occupancy rate was 55% during the 1-year period of acoustic monitoring at 23 sites, and there was only an 8% chance of acoustically detecting a bat on a given night if it was present. We detected bats less frequently in windward northern parts of the study area and </span><span>at windy, lower-elevation sites with rough terrain. Bats were detected more frequently in leeward southern parts of the study area and at wind-sheltered, higher-elevation sites with flat ridgetops. Acoustic detections were consistently low from October through February and increased at most sites to peak in April through August. However, meteorological conditions were not found to be associated with the acoustic prevalence of bats on a night-to-night basis. </span><br><br><span>We observed more than three thousand events involving bats during six months of nightly video surveillance at four wind turbines. Video monitoring revealed several links to weather at the local scale, despite acoustic detections not clearly relating to weather in our broader landscape analysis. Video demonstrated bats occurring near turbines more often on nights with little rain, warmer temperatures, moderate wind speeds, low humidity, and the low but rising barometric pressures indicative of fair weather and improved foraging conditions. Video monitoring also demonstrated that the presence of bats near turbines strongly correlates with insect presence. </span><br><br><span>We detected bats on video rather infrequently, averaging only one to two passes per hour. Most detections were brief (median = 4.0 sec) and involved single bats (97%), with the amount of time during which bats were observed totaling to only 0.10% of the video analyzed (about 3.8 hours of 3,847 total hours). Bats frequently foraged in the airspace near turbines. These results differ from a recent similar study on the mainland (continental North America) and may indicate that Hawaiian hoary bats spend less time closely approaching wind turbines and show less interest in them than their more-migratory mainland conspecifics. We speculate that the Hawaiian hoary bats we observed were locally resident and frequenting high-quality habitat &nbsp;</span><span>near familiar structures. In contrast, hoary bats observed at wind facilities on the mainland appear to approach and investigate unfamiliar landscape structures that they mistake for trees as they migrate long distances. Consequently, Hawaiian hoary bats may be less susceptible to fatality at wind turbines on a per-encounter basis than hoary bats in North America. Only one bat carcass was found at the four turbines searched daily for six months. The relatively high probability of finding carcasses provided strong assurance that few carcasses were likely missed—there was less than a 10% chance that total fatality at the four turbines monitored for half a year exceeded three bats.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","publisherLocation":"Hilo, HI","usgsCitation":"Gorresen, P.M., Cryan, P.M., Huso, M., Hein, C.D., Schirmacher, M., Johnson, J.H., Montoya-Aiona, K., Brinck, K., and Bonaccorso, F., 2015, Behavior of the Hawaiian Hawaiian Hoary Bat (Lasiurus cinereus semotus) at wind turbines and its distribution across the North Ko'olau Mountains, O'ahu: Technical Report HCSU-064, v, 68 p.","productDescription":"v, 68 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064749","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326246,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":343066,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10790/2585"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"O'ahu, North Ko'olau Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -158.1090545654297,\n              21.52271093145891\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.9178237915039,\n              21.52271093145891\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.9178237915039,\n              21.73048050667835\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.1090545654297,\n              21.73048050667835\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.1090545654297,\n              21.52271093145891\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a9ad3be4b05e859bdfb875","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gorresen, P. 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,{"id":70148045,"text":"70148045 - 2015 - Forecasting and evaluating patterns of energy development in southwestern Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-14T12:51:28","indexId":"70148045","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-14T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":234,"text":"WLCI Fact Sheet","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"7","title":"Forecasting and evaluating patterns of energy development in southwestern Wyoming","docAbstract":"<p><span>The effects of future oil and natural gas development in southwestern Wyoming on wildlife populations are topical to conservation of the sagebrush steppe ecosystem. To aid in understanding these potential effects, the U.S. Geological Survey developed an Energy Footprint simulation model that forecasts the amount and pattern of energy development under different assumptions of development rates and well-drilling methods. The simulated disturbance patterns produced by the footprint model are used to assess the potential effects on wildlife habitat and populations. A goal of this modeling effort is to use measures of energy production (number of simulated wells), well-pad and road-surface disturbance, and potential effects on wildlife to identify build-out designs that minimize the physical and ecological footprint of energy development for different levels of energy production and development costs.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wyoming Land Conservation Initiative","publisherLocation":"Rock Springs, WY","usgsCitation":"Garman, S.L., 2015, Forecasting and evaluating patterns of energy development in southwestern Wyoming: WLCI Fact Sheet 7, 2 p.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059845","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300415,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70148045.jpg"},{"id":300413,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wlci/fs/7/"},{"id":300414,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wlci/fs/7/pdf/wlci7.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.79 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -107.65674591064453,\n              41.04103806674338\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.64232635498047,\n              41.05864414643029\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.62859344482422,\n              41.100569059403675\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.65640258789062,\n              41.13858889084487\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.69622802734375,\n              41.236511201246216\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.7703857421875,\n              41.35104125623227\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.63031005859375,\n              41.62878802577303\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.53898620605467,\n              41.65777973769656\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.47650146484374,\n              41.65906225544112\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.47718811035156,\n              41.74826273259059\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.33779907226562,\n              41.748775021355044\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.34054565429688,\n              41.65854925140818\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.42088317871094,\n              41.52708581365462\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.40165710449219,\n              41.03948436294272\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.65674591064453,\n              41.04103806674338\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5555b932e4b0a92fa7e95124","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garman, Steven L. 0000-0002-9032-9074 slgarman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9032-9074","contributorId":3741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garman","given":"Steven","email":"slgarman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70147397,"text":"ofr20151055 - 2015 - Effects of proposed sediment borrow pits on nearshore wave climate and longshore sediment transport rate along Breton Island, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T14:21:55","indexId":"ofr20151055","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-14T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1055","title":"Effects of proposed sediment borrow pits on nearshore wave climate and longshore sediment transport rate along Breton Island, Louisiana","docAbstract":"<p><span>As part of a plan to preserve bird habitat on Breton Island, the southernmost extent of the Chandeleur Islands and part of the Breton National Wildlife Refuge in Louisiana, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service&nbsp;plans to increase island elevation with sand supplied from offshore resources. Proposed sand extraction sites include areas offshore where the seafloor morphology suggests suitable quantities of sediment may be found. Two proposed locations east and south of the island, between 5.5&ndash;9 kilometers from the island in 3&ndash;6 meters of water, have been identified. Borrow pits are perturbations to shallow-water bathymetry and thus can affect the wave field in a variety of ways, including alterations in sediment transport and new erosional or accretional patterns along the beach. A scenario-based numerical modeling strategy was used to assess the effects of the proposed offshore borrow pits on the nearshore wave field. Effects were assessed over a range of wave conditions and were gaged by changes in significant wave height and wave direction inshore of the borrow sites, as well as by changes in the calculated longshore sediment transport rate. The change in magnitude of the calculated sediment transport rate with the addition of the two borrow pits was an order of magnitude less than the calculated baseline transport rate.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151055","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Dalyander, P.S., Mickey, R.C., Long, J.W., and Flocks, James, 2017, Effects of proposed borrow pits on the nearshore wave climate and longshore sediment transport rate along Breton Island, Louisiana  (ver. 2.0, August 2017): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1055, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151055.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 44 p.; HTML Document; Downloads Directory; Data Release; Version History","numberOfPages":"51","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-059343","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":345194,"rank":5,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1055/VersionHist.txt","size":"1.18 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":300407,"rank":1,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1055/pdf/ofr20151055.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.37 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":300406,"rank":2,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1055/ofr2015-1055_abstract.html","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"Report"},{"id":299991,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1055/index.html","text":"Index page"},{"id":300409,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1055/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":345198,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7ZC81B1","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Wave Scenario Results of Proposed Sediment Borrow Pit 3 on the Nearshore Wave Climate of Breton Island, LA"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Breton Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.23301696777342,\n              29.453350219723674\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.23301696777342,\n              29.51013490234384\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.10873413085938,\n              29.51013490234384\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.10873413085938,\n              29.453350219723674\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.23301696777342,\n              29.453350219723674\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0: May 2015; Version 2.0: August 2017","contact":"<p><a href=\"mailto:GS-SE-SPCMSC_Center_Director@usgs.gov\" data-mce-href=\"mailto:GS-SE-SPCMSC_Center_Director@usgs.gov\">Director</a>, <a href=\"http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/\" data-mce-href=\"http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/\">St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center</a><br> U.S. Geological Survey<br> 600 4th Street South <br> St. Petersburg, FL 33701</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>List of Figures</li><li>List of Tables</li><li>Conversion Factors</li><li>Abbreviations</li><li>Abstract&nbsp;</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Methods</li><li>Results</li><li>Conclusions</li><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>Digital Data Files</li><li>References Cited</li><li>Appendix 1</li><li>Appendix 2</li><li>Appendix 3</li><li>Appendix 4</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"publishedDate":"2015-05-02","revisedDate":"2017-08-31","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5555b92ee4b0a92fa7e95120","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dalyander, Patricia (Soupy) 0000-0001-9583-0872 sdalyander@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9583-0872","contributorId":5318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalyander","given":"Patricia (Soupy)","email":"sdalyander@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mickey, Rangley C. rmickey@usgs.gov","contributorId":5741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mickey","given":"Rangley C.","email":"rmickey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Long, Joseph W. 0000-0003-2912-1992 jwlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2912-1992","contributorId":3303,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Joseph","email":"jwlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flocks, James G. 0000-0002-6177-7433 jflocks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6177-7433","contributorId":816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"James","email":"jflocks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70144699,"text":"sir20155034 - 2015 - Reducing cross-sectional data using a genetic algorithm method and effects on cross-section geometry and steady-flow profiles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-14T10:43:17","indexId":"sir20155034","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-14T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5034","title":"Reducing cross-sectional data using a genetic algorithm method and effects on cross-section geometry and steady-flow profiles","docAbstract":"<p>Reduction of cross-sectional data using a genetic algorithm method, and the effects of data reduction on channel geometry and steady-flow profiles, were analyzed. Two reduction methods─standard and genetic algorithms─were used to reduce cross-sectional data from the Kootenai River in northern Idaho. Cross sections that are representative of meander, straight, braided, and canyon reaches were used to evalutate the reduction methods. Visual and hydraulic analyses were used to assess the methods. The genetic algorithm-reduced cross sections approximated the shape of the original cross sections better than the standard-reduced cross sections. A greater number of cross-sectional data points were needed for reduced cross sections in the straight reach, and even more in the braided reach, because a greater amount of data points are needed to adequately define cross sections that have greater topographic varability. For the genetic algorithm-reduction method, about 40 data points were needed to adequately define the shape of a reduced cross section in the braided reach compared to 10 to 20 data points in the meander and canyon reaches. The standard-reduction method needed about 70 data points for the braided reach and more than 30 points for the meander and canyon reaches. The genetic algorithm can effectively reduce data while staying within the threshold set by the maximum number of points to be included in the reduced dataset.</p>\n<p>The effects of reduced cross-sectional data points on steady-flow profiles were also determined. Thirty-five cross sections of the original steady-flow model of the Kootenai River were used. These two methods were tested for all cross sections with each cross section resolution reduced to 10, 20 and 30 data points, that is, six tests were completed for each of the thirty-five cross sections. Generally, differences from the original water-surface elevation were smaller as the number of data points in reduced cross sections increased, but this was not always the case, especially in the braided reach. Differences were smaller for reduced cross sections developed by the genetic algorithm method than the standard algorithm method.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155034","usgsCitation":"Berenbrock, C.E., 2015, Reducing cross-sectional data using a genetic algorithm method and effects on cross-section geometry and steady-flow profiles: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5034, iv, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155034.","productDescription":"iv, 16 p.","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-040903","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300405,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155034.jpg"},{"id":300403,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5034/"},{"id":300404,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5034/pdf/sir2015-5034.pdf","size":"639 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5555b938e4b0a92fa7e9512e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berenbrock, Charles E. ceberenb@usgs.gov","contributorId":857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berenbrock","given":"Charles","email":"ceberenb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":543786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70148053,"text":"70148053 - 2015 - Evapotranspiration trends over the eastern United States during the 20th century","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-04T14:35:57","indexId":"70148053","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-14T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1928,"text":"Hydrology and Earth System Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evapotranspiration trends over the eastern United States during the 20th century","docAbstract":"<p><span>Most models evaluated by the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate change estimate projected increases in temperature and precipitation with rising atmospheric CO</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span>&nbsp;levels. Researchers have suggested that increases in CO</span><sub><span>2</span></sub><span>&nbsp;and associated increases in temperature and precipitation may stimulate vegetation growth and increase evapotranspiration (ET), which acts as a cooling mechanism, and on a global scale, may slow the climate-warming trend. This hypothesis has been modeled under increased CO</span><span><sub>2</sub>&nbsp;</span><span>conditions with models of different vegetation-climate dynamics. The significance of this vegetation negative feedback, however, has varied between models. Here we conduct a century-scale observational analysis of the Eastern US water balance to determine historical evapotranspiration trends and whether vegetation greening has affected these trends. We show that precipitation has increased significantly over the twentieth century while runoff has not. We also show that ET has increased and vegetation growth is partially responsible.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"European Geophysical Society","publisherLocation":"Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany","doi":"10.3390/hydrology2020093","usgsCitation":"Kramer, R.J., Bounoua, L., Zhang, P., Wolfe, R.E., Huntington, T.G., Imhoff, M.L., Thome, K., and Noyce, G.L., 2015, Evapotranspiration trends over the eastern United States during the 20th century: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, v. 2, no. 2, p. 93-111, https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology2020093.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"93","endPage":"111","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056810","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472089,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology2020093","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":300464,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"555b0d43e4b0a92fa7eac61c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kramer, Ryan J.","contributorId":140788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kramer","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5112,"text":"University of Miami","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bounoua, Lahouari","contributorId":140790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bounoua","given":"Lahouari","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7049,"text":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zhang, Ping","contributorId":140789,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Ping","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7049,"text":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wolfe, Robert E.","contributorId":56560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfe","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Huntington, Thomas G. 0000-0002-9427-3530 thunting@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9427-3530","contributorId":1884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huntington","given":"Thomas","email":"thunting@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Imhoff, Marc L.","contributorId":140791,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Imhoff","given":"Marc","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13566,"text":"Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Thome, Kurt","contributorId":140792,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thome","given":"Kurt","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7049,"text":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Noyce, Genevieve L.","contributorId":140793,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Noyce","given":"Genevieve","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13567,"text":"Goddard Space Flight Center, 100 St. George Street, Toronto, ON","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70143879,"text":"sir20155046 - 2015 - Assessing geomorphic change along the Trinity River downstream from Lewiston Dam, California, 1980-2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-14T08:43:47","indexId":"sir20155046","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-14T09:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5046","title":"Assessing geomorphic change along the Trinity River downstream from Lewiston Dam, California, 1980-2011","docAbstract":"<p>The Trinity River Restoration Program, one of the nation&rsquo;s largest adaptively managed river restoration programs, requires periodic assessment to determine the effectiveness of management actions in restoring channel dynamics and habitat features. This study documents riparian and channel changes along an intensively managed 65-kilometer reach of the Trinity River in California, downstream from Lewiston Dam. The two primary periods of interest, from 1980 to 2001 and from 2001 to 2011, are separated by a shift in restoration activities mandated by the U.S. Department of the Interior December 2000 Record of Decision. The post-2001 restoration strategy increased managed-flow releases, gravel augmentation, watershed restoration, and mechanical channel rehabilitation.</p>\n<p>We assessed the nature and extent of geomorphic change and a series of ecological performance measures (channel complexity, shoreline length, and channel&ndash;floodplain connectivity) by using a series of maps digitized from available rectified orthophotography acquired during low-flow conditions in 1980, 1997, 2001, 2006, 2009, and 2011. Lateral changes in riparian and channel features were used to quantify alluvial processes, and a review of existing streamflow, sediment, and restoration records was used to assess causal mechanisms. During the study period, natural bank erosion and mechanical rehabilitation of channel margins converted riparian features to channel features and expanded the active-channel area. The primary period of bank erosion and expansion of the active channel was from 1980 to 1997. Subsequent bar accretion from 1997 to 2001, followed by slightly greater bar scour from 2001 to 2006, took place primarily in the central and lower reaches of the study area, downstream of Indian Creek. In comparison, post‑2006 bank and bar changes were spatially limited to reaches that had sufficient local transport capacity or sediment supply supported by gravel augmentation, mechanical channel rehabilitation, and tributary contributions.</p>\n<p>The highest rates of change in the areal extents of channel and riparian features were observed during the pre‑2001 period, which was longer and relatively wetter than the post-2001 period. A series of tributary floods in 1997, 1998, and 2006 increased channel complexity and floodplain connectivity. During the post-2006 period, managed-flow releases, in the absence of tributary flooding, combined with gravel augmentation and mechanical restoration, caused localized increases in sediment supply and transport capacity that led to smaller, but measurable, increases in channel complexity and floodplain connectivity in the upper river near Lewiston Dam. Extensive pre-2001 channel widening and the muted geomorphic response of channel rehabilitation sites to post-2001 managed flows highlight the need for continued monitoring and assessment of the magnitude, duration, and timing of prescriptive flows and associated geomorphic responses.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155046","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Trinity River Restoration Program","usgsCitation":"Curtis, J.A., Wright, S., Minear, J.T., and Flint, L.E., 2015, Assessing geomorphic change along the Trinity River downstream from Lewiston Dam, California, 1980-2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5046, viii, 69 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155046.","productDescription":"viii, 69 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Lava domes were extruded during the subsequent eruptive periods of 1980&ndash;1986 and 2004&ndash;2008. More than three decades after the emplacement of the 1980 debris avalanche, high sediment production persists in the Toutle River basin, which drains the northern and western flanks of the volcano. Because this sediment increases the risk of flooding to downstream communities on the Toutle and lower Cowlitz Rivers, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), under the direction of Congress to maintain an authorized level of flood protection, continues to monitor and mitigate excess sediment in North and South Fork Toutle River basins to help reduce this risk and to prevent sediment from clogging the shipping channel of the Columbia River. From October 22&ndash;27, 2007, Watershed Sciences, Inc., under contract to USACE, collected high-precision airborne lidar (light detection and ranging) data that cover 273 square kilometers (105 square miles) of lower Cowlitz and Toutle River tributaries from the Columbia River at Kelso, Washington, to upper North Fork Toutle River (below the volcano's edifice), including lower South Fork Toutle River. These data provide a digital dataset of the ground surface, including beneath forest cover. Such remotely sensed data can be used to develop sediment budgets and models of sediment erosion, transport, and deposition. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) used these lidar data to develop digital elevation models (DEMs) of the study area. DEMs are fundamental to monitoring natural hazards and studying volcanic landforms, fluvial and glacial geomorphology, and surface geology. Watershed Sciences, Inc., provided files in the LASer (LAS) format containing laser returns that had been filtered, classified, and georeferenced. The USGS produced a hydro-flattened DEM from ground-classified points at Castle and Coldwater Lakes. Final results averaged about two laser last-return points per square meter. As reported by Watershed Sciences, Inc., vertical accuracy is 10 centimeters (cm) at the 95-percent confidence interval on bare road surfaces; however, over natural terrain, USGS found vertical accuracy to be 10&ndash;50 cm. This USGS data series contains the bare-earth lidar data as 1- and 10-meter (m) resolution Esri grid files. Digital-elevation data can be downloaded (1m_DEM.zip and 10m_DEM.zip), as well as a 1-m resolution hillshade image with pyramids (1m_hillshade.zip). These geospatial data files require geographic information system (GIS) software for viewing.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds936","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","usgsCitation":"Mosbrucker, A.R., 2015, High-resolution digital elevation model of lower Cowlitz and Toutle Rivers, adjacent to Mount St. Helens, Washington, based on an airborne lidar survey of October 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 936, Delivery Report: 19 p.; Readme; 1m DEM data; 10m DEM data; 1m hillshade image; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds936.","productDescription":"Delivery Report: 19 p.; Readme; 1m DEM data; 10m DEM data; 1m hillshade image; Metadata","numberOfPages":"19","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-050821","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300402,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ds936.gif"},{"id":300396,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0936/1_readme.txt","size":"6 kB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":300397,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0936/downloads/MSH2007_delivery_report.pdf","text":"Delivery Report","size":"481 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Delivery Report","linkHelpText":"Report by Watershed Sciences, Inc., under contract to USACE, on high-precision airborne lidar data collected October 22 through 27, 2007."},{"id":300398,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0936/downloads/1m_DEM.zip","text":"1m DEM","size":"830 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"1m DEM","linkHelpText":"Digital-elevation data using bare-earth lidar data as 1-m resolution Esri grid files. Refer to the Readme and Metadata files for more information."},{"id":300399,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0936/downloads/10m_DEM.zip","text":"10m DEM","size":"9.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"10m DEM","linkHelpText":"Digital-elevation data using bare-earth lidar data as 10-m resolution Esri grid files. Refer to the Readme and Metadata files for more information."},{"id":300400,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0936/downloads/1m_hillshade.zip","text":"1m hillshade","size":"286.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"1m hillshade","linkHelpText":"1-m resolution hillshade image with pyramids. 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,{"id":70143880,"text":"ofr20151047 - 2015 - Geomorphic mapping to support river restoration on the Trinity River downstream from Lewiston Dam, California, 1980-2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-14T08:36:04","indexId":"ofr20151047","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-14T08:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1047","title":"Geomorphic mapping to support river restoration on the Trinity River downstream from Lewiston Dam, California, 1980-2011","docAbstract":"<p><span>Historic land use, dam construction, water storage, and flow diversions in the Trinity River watershed have resulted in downstream geomorphic change, loss of salmonid habitat, and declines in salmonid populations. The USGS in cooperation with the Trinity River Restoration Program, a multi-agency partnership tasked with implementing federally mandated restoration, completed a geomorphic change assessment to inform the planning process for future restoration work. This report documents an ARCMAP geodatabase (v.10.0) containing geomorphic features digitized from a series of rectified orthophotographs (</span><a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7TT4P04\">http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7TT4P04</a><span>). Upland, riparian, and channel features were digitized from six available base images (1980, 1997, 2001, 2006, 2009, and 2011). This report describes the structure of the geodatabase and the methods used to delineate individual geomorphic features.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151047","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Trinity River Restoration Program","usgsCitation":"Curtis, J.A., and Guerrero, T.M., 2015, Geomorphic mapping to support river restoration on the Trinity River downstream from Lewiston Dam, California, 1980-2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1047, Report: iv, 15 p.; Database of Geomorphic Features, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151047.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 15 p.; Database of Geomorphic Features","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"1980-01-01","temporalEnd":"2011-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-036622","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science 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,{"id":70148056,"text":"70148056 - 2015 - The Holocene history of the North American Monsoon: 'known knowns' and 'known unknowns' in understanding its spatial and temporal complexity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-19T07:47:08","indexId":"70148056","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Holocene history of the North American Monsoon: 'known knowns' and 'known unknowns' in understanding its spatial and temporal complexity","docAbstract":"<p><span>Evidence for climatic change across the North American Monsoon (NAM) and adjacent areas is reviewed, drawing on continental and marine records and the application of climate models. Patterns of change at 12,000, 9000, 6000 and 4000&nbsp;cal&nbsp;yr&nbsp;BP are presented to capture the nature of change from the Younger Dryas (YD) and through the mid-Holocene. At the YD, conditions were cooler overall, wetter in the north and drier in the south, while moving into the Holocene wetter conditions became established in the south and then spread north as the NAM strengthened. Until c. 8000&nbsp;cal&nbsp;yr&nbsp;BP, the Laurentide Ice Sheet influenced precipitation in the north by pushing the Bermuda High further south. The peak extent of the NAM seems to have occurred around 6000&nbsp;cal&nbsp;yr&nbsp;BP. 4000&nbsp;cal&nbsp;yr&nbsp;BP marks the start of important changes across the NAM region, with drying in the north and the establishment of the clear differences between the summer-rain dominated south and central areas and the north, where winter rain is more important. This differentiation between south and north is crucial to understanding many climate responses across the NAM. This increasing variability is coincident with the declining influence of orbital forcing. 4000&nbsp;cal&nbsp;yr&nbsp;BP also marks the onset of significant anthropogenic activity in many areas. For the last 2000 years, the focus is on higher temporal resolution change, with strong variations across the region. The Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) is characterised by centennial scale &lsquo;megadrought&rsquo; across the southwest USA, associated with cooler tropical Pacific SSTs and persistent La Ni&ntilde;a type conditions. Proxy data from southern Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean reveal generally wetter conditions, whereas records from the highlands of central Mexico and much of the Yucatan are typified by long -term drought. The Little Ice Age (LIA), in the north, was characterised by cooler, wetter winter conditions that have been linked with increased frequency of El Ni&ntilde;o's. Proxy records in the central and southern regions reveal generally dry LIA conditions, consistent with cooler SSTs in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico. This synthesis demonstrates that in some periods, one major forcing can dominate across the whole area (e.g. insolation in the early-mid Holocene), but at other times there is strong variability in patterns of change due to the differential impact of forcings such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) on precipitation seasonality.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.04.004","usgsCitation":"Metcalfe, S.E., Barron, J.A., and Davies, S., 2015, The Holocene history of the North American Monsoon: 'known knowns' and 'known unknowns' in understanding its spatial and temporal complexity: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 120, p. 1-27, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.04.004.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"27","numberOfPages":"27","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059189","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472090,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://pure.aber.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/the-holocene-history-of-the-north-american-monsoon-known-knowns-and-known-unknowns-in-understanding-its-spatial-and-temporal-complexity(cf262a2e-ac81-4f29-97cf-b4398599dbde).html","text":"External Repository"},{"id":300433,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"North America","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -149.765625,\n              -4.214943141390639\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.765625,\n              51.83577752045248\n            ],\n            [\n              -37.96875,\n              51.83577752045248\n            ],\n            [\n              -37.96875,\n              -4.214943141390639\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.765625,\n              -4.214943141390639\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"120","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"555718c0e4b0a92fa7e9d045","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Metcalfe, Sarah E.","contributorId":103555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metcalfe","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barron, John A. 0000-0002-9309-1145 jbarron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-1145","contributorId":2222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"John","email":"jbarron@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":546988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davies, Sarah J.","contributorId":140794,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davies","given":"Sarah J.","affiliations":[{"id":13568,"text":"Department Geography, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY21 3DB, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":546990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70148024,"text":"70148024 - 2015 - Habitat selection and movements of Piping Plover broods suggest a tradeoff between breeding stages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T12:13:44","indexId":"70148024","displayToPublicDate":"2015-05-13T15:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2409,"text":"Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat selection and movements of Piping Plover broods suggest a tradeoff between breeding stages","docAbstract":"<p><span>In precocial birds, adults select breeding areas using cues associated with habitat characteristics that are favorable for nesting success and chick survival, but there may be tradeoffs in habitat selection between these breeding stages. Here we describe habitat selection and intra-territory movements of 53 Piping Plover (</span><i class=\"a-plus-plus\">Charadrius melodus</i><span>) broods (320 observations) during the 2007&ndash;2008 breeding seasons on mainland- and island-shoreline habitats at Lake Sakakawea, North Dakota, USA. We used remotely sensed habitat characteristics to separately examine habitat selection and movements at two spatiotemporal scales to account for potential confounding effects of nest-site selection on brood-rearing habitat used. The scales used were (1) the entire brood-rearing period within available brood-rearing areas and (2) 2-day observation intervals within age-specific discrete habitat selection choice sets. Analyses at both scales indicated that broods selected areas which were non-vegetated, moderately level, and nearer to the shoreline. Rate of brood movement increased with age up to 5&nbsp;days, then stabilized; broods that hatched &gt;50&nbsp;m away from the shoreline moved toward the shoreline. Brood movements were greater when they were in vegetated areas, when the brood-rearing area was of greater topographic complexity, and when broods aged 6&ndash;25 days were further away from the shoreline. Using inferences from our results and those of previously published work, we postulate how a potential tradeoff in habitat selection between nesting and brood-rearing can contribute to an ecological trap in a novel habitat. This work, in the context of published works, suggests that plover breeding habitat is a complex of both nesting and brood-rearing habitats and provides a basis for making remotely sensed abundance estimates of suitable breeding habitat for Piping Plovers.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10336-015-1227-0","usgsCitation":"Wiltermuth, M.T., Anteau, M.J., Sherfy, M.H., and Pearse, A.T., 2015, Habitat selection and movements of Piping Plover broods suggest a tradeoff between breeding stages: Journal of Ornithology, v. 156, no. 4, p. 999-1013, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-015-1227-0.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"999","endPage":"1013","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052716","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300377,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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