Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3321 College Avenue
Davie, FL 33314
The Brunswick and the underlying Lockatong Formations are comprised of littrifled Mesozoic sediments that constitute part of the Newark Basin in southeastern Pennsylvania (USA). These fractured rocks form an important regional aquifer that consists of gmdational sequences of shale, siltstone, and sandstone, with fluid transport occurring primarily in fractures. An extensive suite of geophysical logs was obtained in seven wells located at the borough of Iamsdale, PA in order to characterize the areal hydrogeologic system. Analyses of these data indicate that the aquifer can be separated into two distinct structural domains which may, in turn, reflect different mechanical responses to basin bxtension: (1) In the shallow zone above 125 m, the dominant fmcucre population consists of gertfly dipping bedding-plane partings that strike N46°E and dip to the NW at about 11°. Fluid flow is concentrated within the upper 80 m and transmissivities rapidly diminish in magnitude with depth. (2) The zone below 125 m marks the appearance of numerous steeply dipping fractures that are orthogonal to the bedding plane features, striking subparallel at N227°E but dipping sharply to the SE at 77°. This secondary set of fractures is associated with a reasonably thick (= 60 m) high-resistivity, low- transmissivity sandstoned siltstone unit that is abruptly terminated by a thin shale bed at a depth of 190 m. This lower contact effectively delineates the aquifer's vertical extent and the observed lack of hydraulic productivity with increasing depth may be associated with the gradational transition into the Lockatong Formation.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Rock Mechanics for Industry--Proceedings of the 37th U.S. Rock Mechanics Symposium","conferenceTitle":"37th U.S. Rock Mechanics Symposium","conferenceDate":"June 6-9, 1999","conferenceLocation":"Rotterdam, Netherlands","language":"English","publisher":"A.A. Balkema","publisherLocation":"Rotterdam, Netherlands","usgsCitation":"Morin, R.H., Senior, L., and Decker, E., 1999, Hydrogeologic structure of the Newark Basin, Pennsylvania, from borehole geophysical logs, chap. of Rock Mechanics for Industry--Proceedings of the 37th U.S. Rock Mechanics Symposium, v. 2, p. 941-948.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"941","endPage":"948","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356789,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania ","otherGeospatial":"Newark Basin","volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5b98db51e4b0702d0e8481c7","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Amadei, B.","contributorId":86902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amadei","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743549,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kranz, R.L.","contributorId":207076,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kranz","given":"R.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743550,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott, G.A.","contributorId":207077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743551,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smeallie, P.H.","contributorId":207078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smeallie","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743552,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Morin, R. H.","contributorId":31794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morin","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Senior, L.A.","contributorId":32958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senior","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Decker, E.R.","contributorId":89312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Decker","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":743548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70159676,"text":"70159676 - 1999 - Radiotracking large wilderness mammals: Integration of GPS and Argos technology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-08T16:26:51","indexId":"70159676","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T12:30:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3671,"text":"Ursus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radiotracking large wilderness mammals: Integration of GPS and Argos technology","docAbstract":"We tested 30 prototype global positioning system (GPS) radiocollars on brown bears (Ursus arctos) over a 3-year period on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska. Collars were of 2 design types: GPS with an Argos (Argos Data collection and Location System) satellite uplink (n=19) and GPS unites where the data were stored on board (n=10) for retrieval at a later date. All units also contained a conventional VHF (very high frequency) transmitter and weighed 1.7 kg. GPS-Argos united obtained 10-82% of expected GPS fixes, and fix rate declined significantly (P<0.05) with time after deployment. Argos uplink success (proportion of successful transmissions of stored data) was linearly related to GPS fix rate (r=0.91, P<0.001). Store-on-board units obtained significantly more successful fixes when compared with the GPS-Argos units (t=-4.009, P<0.001). Fix success rate for deployed store-on-board collars ranged from 13-96%; because of the increased number of attempted fixes per day, these collars obtained fixes on 97% of days deployed. Accuracy of the GPS units was less than predicted by the NAVSTAR GPS technology using the course acquisition code. Reduced accuracy was likely a result of the proportion of 2-dimensional versus 3-dimensional fixes obtained, although we could not determine this statistic from recorded data. Increased overstory closure was the only variable measured that partially explained the reduced likelihood of a successful fix. Stem density, stem diameter, and overstory height measured within 3 m of the collar did not affect fix success. GPS fix success rates for collars attached to bears varied more and were lower than fix rates for stationary collars placed in various vegetation types, suggesting that the bear, terrain, and movement all influence both fix and uplink success rate. Application of this new technology to grizzly and brown bear research and comparisons to studies with moose (Alces alces) are discussed.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Bear Research and Management","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","usgsCitation":"Schwartz, C.C., and Arthur, S.M., 1999, Radiotracking large wilderness mammals: Integration of GPS and Argos technology: Ursus, v. 11, p. 261-274.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"261","endPage":"274","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311496,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":316712,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.bearbiology.com/index.php?id=ursvol11"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kenai Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -152,\n 61\n ],\n [\n -152,\n 59\n ],\n [\n -148,\n 59\n ],\n [\n -148,\n 61\n ],\n [\n -152,\n 61\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564daf51e4b0112df6c62e29","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schwartz, Charles C.","contributorId":124574,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schwartz","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5119,"text":"Retired from U.S. Geological Survey, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, 2327 University Way, suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":580048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arthur, Steve M.","contributorId":66169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arthur","given":"Steve","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":580179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29617,"text":"wri984181 - 1999 - Ground-water flow paths and traveltime to three small embayments within the Peconic Estuary, eastern Suffolk County, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-29T14:15:13.90349","indexId":"wri984181","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4181","title":"Ground-water flow paths and traveltime to three small embayments within the Peconic Estuary, eastern Suffolk County, New York","docAbstract":"The Peconic Estuary, at the eastern end of Long Island, has been plagued by a recurrent algal bloom that has caused the severe decline of local marine resources. Although the onset, duration, and cessation of the bloom remain unpredictable, ground-water discharge has been shown to affect surface-water quality in the western part of the estuary. Results from a study on the North Fork of Long Island indicate that local hydrogeologic factors cause differences in ground-water age and characteristics of discharge to the estuary. The need for information on the local patterns and rates of ground-water discharge to the Peconic Estuary prompted analysis of ground-water flow paths and traveltime to three small embayments within the estuary. Meetinghouse Creek, near the west end of the North Fork; Sag Harbor Cove, in the central part of the South Fork; and West Neck Bay, on Shelter Island.
Ground-water-flow models were developed, and particle-tracking procedures were applied to the results of each model, to define the flow paths and traveltime of ground water to the three embayments. The steady-state flow models represent the two-dimensional ground-water-flow system along a vertical section through the uplands of each embayment and simulate long-term hydrologic conditions. The particle-tracking procedure used model-generated ground-water levels and flow rates to calculate the water-particle pathlines and times-of-travel through each flow system from the point of entry (recharge) to the point of exit at streams, the shore, or subsea-discharge areas.
Results for the Meetinghouse Creek study area indicate that about 50 percent of the total recharge that enters the system flows southward to Meetinghouse Creek; half of this amount discharges as base flow to the fresh-water reach of the creek, and half as shoreline underflow to the estuarine reach. About 85 percent of the total discharge to Meetinghouse Creek has flowed entirely within the upper glacial aquifer, and about 15 percent has flowed through the Magothy aquifer. The average age of all ground water discharged to Meetinghouse Creek is about 60 years; the average age of base flow to the freshwater reach of the creek is about 7 years, and the average age of shoreline underflow to the estuarine reach is about 120 years. The results for the Sag Harbor Cove study area indicate that about 30 percent of the total recharge that enters the system flows northward to Sag Harbor Cove; about half of this amount discharges as shoreline underflow, and half as subsea underflow. About 40 percent of the total discharge to Sag Harbor Cove has flowed entirely within the upper glacial aquifer, and about 60 percent has flowed through the Pleistocene marine clay unit, Pleistocene(?) sand unit, or Magothy aquifer. The average age of all ground water discharged to Sag Harbor Cove is about 110 years; the average age of shoreline underflow is about 25 years, and the average age of subsea underflow is about 190 years.
Results for the West Neck Bay study area indicate that about 65 percent of the total recharge that enters the system flows westward to West Neck Bay; virtually all of this amount discharges as shoreline underflow, but a negligible percentage discharges as subsea underflow. Virtually all discharge to West Neck Bay has flowed entirely within the upper glacial aquifer, although a minor amount has flowed through the Pleistocene marine clay unit. The average age of shoreline underflow to West Neck Bay is about 15 years, and the average age of subsea underflow is about 1,800 years.
Ground water that discharges to streams and the shores represented in the models is mostly relatively young water that has flowed entirely within the shallow zones of the flow systems, whereas ground water that discharges to the subsea-discharge areas is mostly old water that has flowed through the deep zones. Data obtained from these models allows evaluation of each embayment.s vulnerability to contaminants introduced at the water table and can guide the development of source-area-protection strategies for the corresponding watersheds.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri984181","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Peconic Estuary Program and Suffolk Department of Health Services","usgsCitation":"Schubert, C., 1999, Ground-water flow paths and traveltime to three small embayments within the Peconic Estuary, eastern Suffolk County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4181, vi, 41 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984181.","productDescription":"vi, 41 p.","numberOfPages":"47","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":404557,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4181/wri19984181.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":369347,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4181/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Suffolk County","otherGeospatial":"Peconic Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.65739440917969,\n 40.91403147143872\n ],\n [\n -72.60520935058594,\n 40.91403147143872\n ],\n [\n -72.60520935058594,\n 40.93426521177941\n ],\n [\n -72.65739440917969,\n 40.93426521177941\n ],\n [\n -72.65739440917969,\n 40.91403147143872\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Rd
Troy, NY 12180
(518) 285-5695
http://ny.water.usgs.gov/
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Nonindigenous Aquatic Species (NAS) Program has tracked the distribution of introduced species for more than 20 years. This effort began with foreign fishes in Florida and later expanded to include aquatic nuisance species nationwide. The tracking database contains locational and temporal data for introductions and spread. This data is generally derived from literature, museum collections, state monitoring programs, and reports from professionals at state and federal agencies. Analysis of this data can be helpful in displaying any patterns that may be present in introductions of aquatic nuisance species and developing a management plan to prevent spread. To produce maps and perform analysis, all data are referenced geographically at the finest scale possible (state, county, drainage, waterbody, point). Data reported in the literature range from state or regional lists of introduced species to exact time, date, and location of collections or releases. Often, vague locality reports make it difficult to obtain accurate answers in fine-scale analysis.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Aquatic Nuisance Species Clearinghouse","usgsCitation":"Fuller, P.L., 1999, USGS develops a drainage-based system to track ANS introductions: Aquatic Nuisance Species Digest, v. 3, no. 3, p. 32-35.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"32","endPage":"35","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314735,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":314736,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.anstaskforce.gov/DigestVol3No3.PDF"}],"volume":"3","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a7556fe4b0b28f1184d8a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuller, Pamela L. 0000-0002-9389-9144 pfuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9389-9144","contributorId":3217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Pamela","email":"pfuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":589536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":2002276,"text":"2002276 - 1999 - GIS database development to analyze fire history in southern Arizona and beyond: an example from Saguaro National Park","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:59","indexId":"2002276","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T01:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":383,"text":"Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"61","title":"GIS database development to analyze fire history in southern Arizona and beyond: an example from Saguaro National Park","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey Cooperative Park Studies Unit","publisherLocation":"Tucson, AZ","doi":"10.3133/2002276","usgsCitation":"Swantek, P., Halvorson, W.L., and Schwalbe, C., 1999, GIS database development to analyze fire history in southern Arizona and beyond: an example from Saguaro National Park: Technical Report 61, 43 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/2002276.","productDescription":"43 p.","startPage":"0","endPage":"43","numberOfPages":"43","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198894,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":112268,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://sdrsnet.srnr.arizona.edu/data/techreports/TECHRPT61.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b1654","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swantek, P.J.","contributorId":95983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swantek","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Halvorson, W. L.","contributorId":26246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halvorson","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schwalbe, C.R.","contributorId":35259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schwalbe","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1008149,"text":"1008149 - 1999 - Extirpation and recolonization in a metapopulation of an endangered fish, the tidewater goby","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-14T11:41:43.509873","indexId":"1008149","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extirpation and recolonization in a metapopulation of an endangered fish, the tidewater goby","docAbstract":"The tidewater goby ( Eucyclogobius newberryi ), an endangered species in the United States, occurs in a series of isolated coastal wetlands in California. Using historical presence-absence data and our own surveys, we estimated annual rates of extirpation and recolonization for several populations of the goby in southern California. As predicted, large wetlands had lower rates of extirpation than small wetlands. There was a negative but statistically nonsignificant correlation between recolonization rate and distance to the nearest northerly source population. Populations at small sites were sensitive to drought, presumably because droughts can eliminate suitable habitat at small wetlands. Populations in small wetlands have declined over time, even after accounting for variation in stream flow, supporting the species' endangered status. Our study emphasizes the need to understand metapopulation dynamics for conserving species where the unit of conservation is a local population. It is also emphasizes the importance of not treating metapopulations as identical units. Finally, our results provide a means for describing the decline of a species that is complex in time and space and provide insight into how to target protection measures among metapopulations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.98016.x","usgsCitation":"Lafferty, K.D., Swift, C.C., and Ambrose, R., 1999, Extirpation and recolonization in a metapopulation of an endangered fish, the tidewater goby: Conservation Biology, v. 13, no. 6, p. 1447-1453, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.98016.x.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1447","endPage":"1453","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133043,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.84007578952105,\n 32.57924476677657\n ],\n [\n -116.96859290621114,\n 33.24075348004719\n ],\n [\n -118.0297649285373,\n 34.11421833298377\n ],\n [\n -119.05410356414626,\n 34.5338721202251\n ],\n [\n -120.12101381986645,\n 34.76917764913648\n ],\n [\n -120.20219438421546,\n 35.16659016418255\n ],\n [\n -121.07599484497754,\n 36.02845303621187\n ],\n [\n -121.6354341058834,\n 38.16422902780312\n ],\n [\n -122.3981789694547,\n 38.434933644254215\n ],\n [\n -123.36080658853393,\n 39.17619113934646\n ],\n [\n -123.98139751267314,\n 40.37136935641254\n ],\n [\n -123.8467885261226,\n 40.91508584238656\n ],\n [\n -123.96761370207025,\n 41.95991868581393\n ],\n [\n -124.47348385165589,\n 41.98724150893901\n ],\n [\n -124.47216483234348,\n 41.70381314727467\n ],\n [\n -124.21092423616233,\n 41.472849420179216\n ],\n [\n -124.37505381529593,\n 41.06653501247189\n ],\n [\n -124.29113245581368,\n 40.801972476798255\n ],\n [\n -124.63565850688349,\n 40.42329582286797\n ],\n [\n -124.41220721902226,\n 39.98823275527138\n ],\n [\n -124.04726119915574,\n 39.81818992963812\n ],\n [\n -123.85219440855528,\n 38.79382355220321\n ],\n [\n -123.01339370442031,\n 38.15341002111387\n ],\n [\n -122.78075902644554,\n 37.65332235589496\n ],\n [\n -122.5793237268943,\n 37.04833412258513\n ],\n [\n -122.1358022802284,\n 36.781868180427026\n ],\n [\n -122.08660337061005,\n 36.17503883867465\n ],\n [\n -121.7093039552148,\n 35.94813482346983\n ],\n [\n -121.07276574634142,\n 35.260458363338856\n ],\n [\n -120.77565795628794,\n 35.03006704802192\n ],\n [\n -120.82794538929824,\n 34.39554374126949\n ],\n [\n -120.42631931235516,\n 33.885994415581365\n ],\n [\n -119.48793760208446,\n 33.0822245601931\n ],\n [\n -118.40372845798737,\n 32.746383125290876\n ],\n [\n -116.84007578952105,\n 32.57924476677657\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-12-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f8a3d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lafferty, K. D.","contributorId":58213,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lafferty","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swift, C. C.","contributorId":107639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swift","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ambrose, R.F.","contributorId":63348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ambrose","given":"R.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1013284,"text":"1013284 - 1999 - Population demographics and genetic diversity in remnant and translocated populations of sea otters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-13T12:50:25.321915","indexId":"1013284","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population demographics and genetic diversity in remnant and translocated populations of sea otters","docAbstract":"The effects of small population size on genetic diversity and subsequent population recovery are theoretically predicted, but few empirical data are available to describe those relations. We use data from four remnant and three translocated sea otter ( Enhydra lutris) populations to examine relations among magnitude and duration of minimum population size, population growth rates, and genetic variation. Mitochondrial (mt)DNA haplotype diversity was correlated with the number of years at minimum population size (rs = −0.741, p = 0.038) and minimum population size (rs = 0.709, p = 0.054). We found no relation between population growth and haplotype diversity, although growth was significantly greater in translocated than in remnant populations. Haplotype diversity in populations established from two sources was higher than in a population established from a single source and was higher than in the respective source populations. Haplotype frequencies in translocated populations of founding sizes of 4 and 28 differed from expected, indicating genetic drift and differential reproduction between source populations, whereas haplotype frequencies in a translocated population with a founding size of 150 did not. Relations between population demographics and genetic characteristics suggest that genetic sampling of source and translocated populations can provide valuable inferences about translocations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.98124.x","usgsCitation":"Bodkin, J.L., Ballachey, B.E., Cronin, M.A., and Scribner, K., 1999, Population demographics and genetic diversity in remnant and translocated populations of sea otters: Conservation Biology, v. 13, no. 6, p. 1378-1385, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.98124.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1378","endPage":"1385","costCenters":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128467,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, British Columbia, California, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Amchitka Island, Kodiak Island, Prince Willam Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 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\"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.39677310705235,\n 36.181128628314326\n ],\n [\n -120.35263362065893,\n 33.21252519918272\n ],\n [\n -117.74182931632717,\n 32.42451332904503\n ],\n [\n -117.10854672635566,\n 34.147807743505254\n ],\n [\n -119.92458563923796,\n 34.939611329344274\n ],\n [\n -121.3156852509045,\n 36.721989193871664\n ],\n [\n -122.39677310705235,\n 36.181128628314326\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2001-12-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a92e4b07f02db657467","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":318564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ballachey, Brenda E. 0000-0003-1855-9171 bballachey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1855-9171","contributorId":2966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballachey","given":"Brenda","email":"bballachey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":318565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cronin, M. A.","contributorId":80216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Scribner, K.T.","contributorId":97033,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scribner","given":"K.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1015969,"text":"1015969 - 1999 - Reproductive characteristics of migratory golden eagles in Denali National Park, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-15T14:08:02","indexId":"1015969","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reproductive characteristics of migratory golden eagles in Denali National Park, Alaska","docAbstract":"We describe reproductive characteristics of Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) breeding in Denali National Park, Alaska during an entire snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus) cycle, 1988-1997. Data on nesting eagles were collected at 58 to 72 nesting areas annually using two aerial surveys. Surveys were conducted during the incubation period to determine occupancy and nesting activities and late in the nestling period to count nestlings and determine nesting success. Annual occupancy rates of nesting areas did not vary significantly, whereas laying rates, success rates, and mean brood size varied significantly over the study period. Fledgling production for the study population varied sevenfold during the ten-year period. Laying rates, mean brood size, and overall population productivity were significantly correlated with abundance of cyclic snowshoe hare and Willow Ptarmigan (Lugopus lagopus) populations. Reproductive rates of Golden Eagles in Denali were similar to those of Golden Eagles from other high latitude study areas in North America, but lower than for Golden Eagles from temperate zone study areas in North America.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/1370452","usgsCitation":"McIntyre, C.L., and Adams, L., 1999, Reproductive characteristics of migratory golden eagles in Denali National Park, Alaska: The Condor, v. 101, no. 1, p. 115-123, https://doi.org/10.2307/1370452.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"123","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479603,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1370452","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":133326,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Denali National Park","volume":"101","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a55e4b07f02db62c898","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McIntyre, Carol L.","contributorId":94642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntyre","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Layne G. 0000-0001-6212-2896 ladams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2896","contributorId":2776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Layne G.","email":"ladams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":323395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1015974,"text":"1015974 - 1999 - Water-use patterns of woody species in pineland and hammock communities of South Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-14T15:41:13.749082","indexId":"1015974","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1687,"text":"Forest Ecology and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water-use patterns of woody species in pineland and hammock communities of South Florida","docAbstract":"Rockland pine forests of south Florida dominated by Pinus elliottii var. densa characteristically have poor soil development in relation to neighboring hardwood hammocks. This has led to the hypothesis that Everglades hammock trees are more reliant on soil moisture derived from local precipitation whereas pineland plants must depend more on groundwater linked to broader regional hydrologic patterns. Because soil moisture sources are likely to vary more than groundwater sources, we hypothesized that hammock plants would exhibit correspondingly higher levels of dry season water stress. This was examined by measuring predawn water potentials, and by analyzing water uptake in representative hammock and pineland woody species using stable isotopes of plant water and that of potential sources during wet and dry seasons.\r\nTwo species typical of each of the two communities were selected; a fifth species which was found in both communities, Lysiloma latisiliqua Benth., was also analyzed. Water content of soils in both communities decreased from wet to dry season. Consistent with our hypothesis, the change in predawn water potentials between the wet and dry season was less in pineland species than that of hammock species. Water potential changes in L. latisiliqua in both communities resembled that of hammock species more than pineland plants. Isotopic data showed that pineland species rely proportionately more on groundwater than hammock species. Nevertheless, unlike hammock species in the Florida Keys, mainland hammock species utilized a substantial amount of groundwater during the dry season.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0378-1127(98)00493-9","usgsCitation":"Ewe, S., Sternberg, L.S., and Busch, D.E., 1999, Water-use patterns of woody species in pineland and hammock communities of South Florida: Forest Ecology and Management, v. 118, no. 1, p. 139-148, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(98)00493-9.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"139","endPage":"148","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479583,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1127(98)00493-9","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":134960,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.08514724916942,\n 26.19874163886429\n ],\n [\n -81.57259501616932,\n 26.19874163886429\n ],\n [\n -81.57259501616932,\n 25.029220818542584\n ],\n [\n -80.08514724916942,\n 25.029220818542584\n ],\n [\n -80.08514724916942,\n 26.19874163886429\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"118","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4bb9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ewe, Sharon M.","contributorId":18330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ewe","given":"Sharon M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sternberg, Leonel S.","contributorId":39755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sternberg","given":"Leonel","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Busch, David E. dave_busch@usgs.gov","contributorId":3392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busch","given":"David","email":"dave_busch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":323410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1015990,"text":"1015990 - 1999 - Detecting long-term hydrological patterns at Crater Lake, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:47","indexId":"1015990","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2900,"text":"Northwest Science","onlineIssn":"2161-9859","printIssn":"0029-344X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detecting long-term hydrological patterns at Crater Lake, Oregon","docAbstract":"Tree-ring chronologies for mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana) were used to reconstruct the\r\nwater level of Crater Lake, a high-elevation lake in the southern Cascade Range of Oregon.\r\nReconstructions indicate that lake level since the late 1980s has been lower than at any point in the last 300 years except the early 1930s to mid 1940s. Lake level was consistently higher during the Little Ice Age than during the late 20th century; during the late 17th century, lake level was up to 9 m higher than recent (1980s and 1990s) low levels, which is consistent with paleoclimalic reconstructions of regional precipitation and atmospheric pressure. Furthermore, instrumental data available for the 20th century suggest that there are strong teleconnections among atmospheric circulation (e.g., Pacific Decadal Oscillation), tree growth, and hydrology in southern Oregon. Crater Lake is sensitive to interannual, interdecadal and intercentenary variation in precipitation and atmospheric circulation, and can be expected to track both short-term and longterm variation in regional climatic patterns that may occur in the future.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northwest Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Peterson, D.L., Silsbee, D., and Redmond, K.T., 1999, Detecting long-term hydrological patterns at Crater Lake, Oregon: Northwest Science, v. 73, no. 2, p. 121-130.","productDescription":"p. 121-130","startPage":"121","endPage":"130","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134046,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"73","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667ac3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, D. L.","contributorId":36484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Silsbee, D.G.","contributorId":95441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Silsbee","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Redmond, Kelly T.","contributorId":45677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Redmond","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1008623,"text":"1008623 - 1999 - Exotic plant species invade hot spots of native plant diversity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-30T17:53:46","indexId":"1008623","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1459,"text":"Ecological Monographs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Exotic plant species invade hot spots of native plant diversity","docAbstract":"Some theories and experimental studies suggest that areas of low plant species richness may be invaded more easily than areas of high plant species richness. We gathered nested-scale vegetation data on plant species richness, foliar cover, and frequency from 200 1-m2 subplots (20 1000-m2 modified-Whittaker plots) in the Colorado Rockies (USA), and 160 1-m2 subplots (16 1000-m2 plots) in the Central Grasslands in Colorado, Wyoming, South Dakota, and Minnesota (USA) to test the generality of this paradigm.
At the 1-m2 scale, the paradigm was supported in four prairie types in the Central Grasslands, where exotic species richness declined with increasing plant species richness and cover. At the 1-m2 scale, five forest and meadow vegetation types in the Colorado Rockies contradicted the paradigm; exotic species richness increased with native-plant species richness and foliar cover. At the 1000-m2 plot scale (among vegetation types), 83% of the variance in exotic species richness in the Central Grasslands was explained by the total percentage of nitrogen in the soil and the cover of native plant species. In the Colorado Rockies, 69% of the variance in exotic species richness in 1000-m2 plots was explained by the number of native plant species and the total percentage of soil carbon.
At landscape and biome scales, exotic species primarily invaded areas of high species richness in the four Central Grasslands sites and in the five Colorado Rockies vegetation types. For the nine vegetation types in both biomes, exotic species cover was positively correlated with mean foliar cover, mean soil percentage N, and the total number of exotic species. These patterns of invasibility depend on spatial scale, biome and vegetation type, spatial autocorrelation effects, availability of resources, and species-specific responses to grazing and other disturbances. We conclude that: (1) sites high in herbaceous foliar cover and soil fertility, and hot spots of plant diversity (and biodiversity), are invasible in many landscapes; and (2) this pattern may be more closely related to the degree resources are available in native plant communities, independent of species richness. Exotic plant invasions in rare habitats and distinctive plant communities pose a significant challenge to land managers and conservation biologists.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1890/0012-9615(1999)069[0025:EPSIHS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Stohlgren, T., Binkley, D., Chong, G., Kalkhan, M.A., Schell, L.D., Bull, K., Otsuki, Y., Newman, G., Bashkin, M.A., and Son, Y., 1999, Exotic plant species invade hot spots of native plant diversity: Ecological Monographs, v. 69, p. 25-46, https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9615(1999)069[0025:EPSIHS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"46","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131889,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9382","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stohlgren, T.J.","contributorId":7217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Binkley, Dan","contributorId":102419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Binkley","given":"Dan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chong, G.W.","contributorId":54153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chong","given":"G.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kalkhan, M. A.","contributorId":82655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kalkhan","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schell, L. D.","contributorId":75881,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schell","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bull, K.A.","contributorId":60166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bull","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Otsuki, Yuka","contributorId":23107,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Otsuki","given":"Yuka","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Newman, G.","contributorId":107657,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bashkin, Michael A.","contributorId":93439,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bashkin","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Son, Y.","contributorId":47737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Son","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":1015995,"text":"1015995 - 1999 - Clinal variation in the juvenal plumage of American kestrels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:49","indexId":"1015995","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Clinal variation in the juvenal plumage of American kestrels","docAbstract":"The American Kestrel(Falco sparverius) is a sexually dichromatic falcon that exhibits\r\nconsiderable individual plumage variability. For example, the anterior extent of the\r\nblack dorsal barring in juvenile males has been used throughout North America as one of\r\nseveral aging criteria, but recent data demonstrate that the variability among individual\r\nSoutheastern American Kestrels(E S. paulus)exceeds that accounted for by age. The objective of this study was to search for geographic patterns in the variability of juvenal plumage, particularly those characteristics considered indicative of age. Nestling kestrels (n = 610)\r\nwere examined prior to fledging during the 1997 breeding season at nest box programs\r\nacross a large portion of the North American breeding range. From south to north (1) the\r\ncrown patches of both males and females become more completely rufous, and (2) shaft\r\nstreaks on forehead and crown feathers become more pronounced, especially in males. Male\r\nSoutheastern American Kestrels differed from other males (E s. sparverius) in that the anterior\r\nextent of dorsal barring averaged less but was more variable. The variability observed\r\nin North America appears to be part of a cline extending across the species range in the\r\nWestern Hemisphere, where tropical subspecies are small and have reduced dorsal barring.\r\nBoth body size and, especially in males, dorsal barring increases with increasing north and\r\nsouth latitude. We suggest that this geographic pattern is adaptive in terms of thermoregulation, and that differences in the sex roles may explain why males become less barred with maturity while females do not.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Field Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Smallwood, J., Natale, C., Steenhof, K., Meetz, M., Marti, C., Melvin, R., Bortolotti, G., Robertson, R., Robertson, S., Shuford, W., Lindemann, S., and Tornwall, B., 1999, Clinal variation in the juvenal plumage of American kestrels: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 70, no. 3, p. 425-435.","productDescription":"p. 425-435","startPage":"425","endPage":"435","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134465,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49cfe4b07f02db5da881","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smallwood, J.A.","contributorId":13945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smallwood","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Natale, C.","contributorId":49762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Natale","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steenhof, K.","contributorId":98696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steenhof","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meetz, M.","contributorId":28215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meetz","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marti, C.D.","contributorId":31359,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marti","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Melvin, R.J.","contributorId":40184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melvin","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bortolotti, G.R.","contributorId":12437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bortolotti","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Robertson, R.","contributorId":45279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Robertson, S.","contributorId":34484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Shuford, W.R.","contributorId":75499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shuford","given":"W.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Lindemann, S.A.","contributorId":21128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindemann","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Tornwall, B.","contributorId":77118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tornwall","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":323476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":1008040,"text":"1008040 - 1999 - Temporal and spatial variability in thalweg profiles of a gravel-bed river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-21T14:47:39","indexId":"1008040","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal and spatial variability in thalweg profiles of a gravel-bed river","docAbstract":"This study used successive longitudinal thalweg profiles in gravel-bed rivers to monitor changes in bed topography following floods and associated large sediment inputs. Variations in channel bed elevations, distributions of residual water depths, percentage of channel length occupied by riffles, and a spatial autocorrelation coefficient (Moran's I) were used to quantify changes in morphological diversity and spatial structure in Redwood Creek basin, northwestern California. Bed topography in Redwood Creek and its major tributaries consists primarily of a series of pools and riffles. The size, frequency and spatial distribution of the pools and riffles have changed significantly during the past 20 years. Following large floods and high sediment input in Redwood Creek and its tributaries in 1975, variation in channel bed elevations was low and the percentage of the channel length occupied by riffles was high. Over the next 20 years, variation in bed elevations increased while the length of channel occupied by riffles decreased. An index [(standard deviation of residual water depth/bankfull depth) × 100] was developed to compare variations in bed elevation over a range of stream sizes, with a higher index being indicative of greater morphological diversity. Spatial autocorrelation in the bed elevation data was apparent at both fine and coarse scales in many of the thalweg profiles and the observed spatial pattern of bed elevations was found to be related to the dominant channel material and the time since disturbance. River reaches in which forced pools dominated, and in which large woody debris and bed particles could not be easily mobilized, exhibited a random distribution of bed elevations. In contrast, in reaches where alternate bars dominated, and both wood and gravel were readily transported, regularly spaced bed topography developed at a spacing that increased with time since disturbance. This pattern of regularly spaced bed features was reversed following a 12-year flood when bed elevations became more randomly arranged.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1096-9837(199911)24:12<1153::AID-ESP41>3.0.CO;2-8","usgsCitation":"Madej, M.A., 1999, Temporal and spatial variability in thalweg profiles of a gravel-bed river: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 24, no. 12, p. 1153-1169, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9837(199911)24:12<1153::AID-ESP41>3.0.CO;2-8.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1153","endPage":"1169","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132822,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db68563e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madej, Mary Ann 0000-0003-2831-3773 mary_ann_madej@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2831-3773","contributorId":40304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madej","given":"Mary","email":"mary_ann_madej@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":316614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":2001085,"text":"2001085 - 1999 - Euthanasia","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":2001085,"text":"2001085 - 1999 - Euthanasia","indexId":"2001085","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"title":"Euthanasia"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":53926,"text":"itr19990001 - 1999 - Field manual of wildlife diseases: General field procedures and diseases of birds","indexId":"itr19990001","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"title":"Field manual of wildlife diseases: General field procedures and diseases of birds"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":53926,"text":"itr19990001 - 1999 - Field manual of wildlife diseases: General field procedures and diseases of birds","indexId":"itr19990001","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"title":"Field manual of wildlife diseases: General field procedures and diseases of birds"},"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-16T11:28:59","indexId":"2001085","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":37,"text":"Information and Technology Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"1999-0001","title":"Euthanasia","docAbstract":"Euthanasia means to cause humane death. Some current euthanasia techniques may become unacceptable over time and be replaced by new techniques as more data are gathered and evaluated. The following information and recommendations are based largely on the 1993 report of the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) Panel on Euthanasia. The recommendations in the panel report were intended to serve as guidelines, and they require the use of professional judgement for specific situations. Ultimately, it is the responsibility of those persons carrying out euthanasia to assure that it is done in the most humane manner possible.
Desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) populations have experienced precipitous declines resulting from the cumulative impact of habitat loss, and human and disease-related mortality. Evaluation of hematologic and biochemical responses of desert tortoises to physiologic and environmental factors can facilitate the assessment of stress and disease in tortoises and contribute to management decisions and population recovery. The goal of this study was to obtain and analyze clinical laboratory data from free-ranging desert tortoises at three sites in the Mojave Desert (California, USA) between October 1990 and October 1995, to establish reference intervals, and to develop guidelines for the interpretation of laboratory data under a variety of environmental and physiologic conditions. Body weight, carapace length, and venous blood samples for a complete blood count and clinical chemistry profile were obtained from 98 clinically healthy adult desert tortoises of both sexes at the Desert Tortoise Research Natural area (western Mojave), Goffs (eastern Mojave) and Ivanpah Valley (northeastern Mojave). Samples were obtained four times per year, in winter (February/March), spring (May/June), summer (July/August), and fall (October). Years of near-, above- and below-average rainfall were represented in the 5 yr period. Minimum, maximum and median values, and central 95 percentiles were used as reference intervals and measures of central tendency for tortoises at each site and/or season. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance for significant (P < 0.01) variation on the basis of sex, site, season, and interactions between these variables. Significant sex differences were observed for packed cell volume, hemoglobin concentration, aspartate transaminase activity, and cholesterol, triglyceride, calcium, and phosphorus concentrations. Marked seasonal variation was observed in most parameters in conjunction with reproductive cycle, hibernation, or seasonal rainfall. Year-to-year differences and long-term alterations primarily reflected winter rainfall amounts. Site differences were minimal, and largely reflected geographic differences in precipitation patterns, such that results from these studies can be applied to other tortoise populations in environments with known rainfall and forage availability patterns.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-35.2.212","usgsCitation":"Christopher, M.M., Berry, K.H., Wallis, I., Nagy, K., Henen, B., and Peterson, C., 1999, Reference intervals and physiologic alterations in hematologic and biochemical values of free-ranging desert tortoises in the Mojave Desert: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 35, no. 2, p. 212-238, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-35.2.212.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"212","endPage":"238","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479615,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-35.2.212","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":133065,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a60e4b07f02db6351ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christopher, Mary M.","contributorId":44473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Christopher","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berry, Kristin H. 0000-0003-1591-8394 kristin_berry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1591-8394","contributorId":437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"Kristin","email":"kristin_berry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":316750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wallis, I.R.","contributorId":80612,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wallis","given":"I.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nagy, K.A.","contributorId":39727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagy","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Henen, B.T.","contributorId":67457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henen","given":"B.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Peterson, C.C.","contributorId":24725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":1008152,"text":"1008152 - 1999 - Stem demography and postfire recruitment of a resprouting serotinous conifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-30T13:31:06","indexId":"1008152","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2490,"text":"Journal of Vegetation Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stem demography and postfire recruitment of a resprouting serotinous conifer","docAbstract":"The contribution of resprouts and seedling recruitment to post-fire regeneration of the South African fynbos conifer Widdringtonia nodiflora was compared eight months after wildfires in 1990. Stems on all trees were killed by fire but resprouting success was > 90 % at all but one site. A demographic study of burned skeletons revealed that prior to these fires, nearly all plants were multi-stemmed (4–9 stems/plant) and multi-aged, indicating continuous sprout production between fires. All stems were killed by these 1990 fires and at most sites > 90 % of the stems were burned to ground level. All diameter stems were susceptible to such incineration as, at most sites, there was no difference in average diameter of stems burned to ground level and those left standing. Individual genets usually had all ramets incinerated to ground level or all ramets charred, but intact, suggesting certain micro-sites burned hotter, whereas other sites were somewhat protected. Although not true of the 1990 fires, there was evidence that occasionallyWiddring-tonia stems may survive fire. At one site, four of the 16 plants sampled had a burned stem twice as old as the oldest burned stem on the other 12 plants at the site, suggesting some stems had survived the previous fire (ca. 1970) and this conclusion was supported by fire-scars on these four stems that dated to ca. 1970. Based on the highly significant correlation between stem diameter and cone density left standing after the 1990 fires, we calculated that for most sites > 80 % of the initial cone crop was incinerated by fire. This is important because we observed a strong relationship between size of the canopy cone crop surviving fire and post-fire seedling recruitment. Under these conditions we hypothesize that sprouting confers a selective advantage to genets when fires cause heavy losses of seed. The infrequent occurrence of sprouting in theCupressaceae suggests the hypothesis that resprouting is an apomorphic or derived trait inWiddringtonia. Data from this study suggests resprouting provides a selective advantage under severe fynbos fires, which are not only 'stand-replacing fires,’but also are intense enough to incinerate cone-bearing stems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3237162","usgsCitation":"Keeley, J.E., Keeley, M.B., and Bond, W.J., 1999, Stem demography and postfire recruitment of a resprouting serotinous conifer: Journal of Vegetation Science, v. 10, no. 1, p. 69-76, https://doi.org/10.2307/3237162.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"76","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132430,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-02-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b44ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521 jon_keeley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":1268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon","email":"jon_keeley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":316881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keeley, Melanie B.","contributorId":175077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keeley","given":"Melanie","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bond, William J.","contributorId":81621,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bond","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1008150,"text":"1008150 - 1999 - Subcutaneous anchor attachment increases retention of radio transmitters on Xantus' and marbled murrelets","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-19T15:40:30","indexId":"1008150","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Subcutaneous anchor attachment increases retention of radio transmitters on Xantus' and marbled murrelets","docAbstract":"We modified a subcutaneous anchor attachment and achieved transmitter reten- tion times that exceeded those reported previously for other attachments used on alcids. Traditional suture and epoxy attachment methods were used on Xantus' Murrelets in 1995 and 1996, while the modified attachment was used for Xantus' Murrelets in 1996 and 1997 and Marbled Murrelets in 1997. Modifications included use of an inhalant anesthetic, placing the anchor in a more cranial position on the back, application of marine epoxy, and place- ment of a single subcutaneous non-absorbable suture at the caudal end of the radio to hold the radio in place initially. We located 22 of 56 (39%) Xantus' Murrelets radio-marked using suture and epoxy during aerial surveys in 1995 and 1996. Of birds radio-marked using the subcutaneous anchor attachment, we located 92 of 113 (81%) Xantus' Murrelets marked in 1996 and 1997 and all 28 (100%) Marbled Murrelets marked in 1997 during aerial surveys. The maximum confirmed duration for the subcutaneous anchor transmitter attachment was 51 d for Xantus' Murrelets and 78 d for Marbled Murrelets versus 41 d for the suture and epoxy attachment used on Xantus' Murrelets. Recapture rates of radio-marked Xantus' Mur- relets were similar to recapture rates of unmarked Xantus' Murrelets. Our post-release ob- servations indicated negligible short-term physical effects from the attachment procedure, while telemetry data and examination of recaptured murrelets indicated no evidence of infection or other long-term physical effects. Breeding behavior of some murrelets was not disrupted; however, further evaluation of potential effects of this attachment technique on breeding and behavior is needed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Association of Field Ornithologists","usgsCitation":"Newman, S.H., Takekawa, J.Y., Whitworth, D.L., and Burkett, E.E., 1999, Subcutaneous anchor attachment increases retention of radio transmitters on Xantus' and marbled murrelets: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 70, no. 4, p. 520-534.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"520","endPage":"534","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132428,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699c18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Newman, Scott H.","contributorId":101372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newman","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Takekawa, John Y. 0000-0003-0217-5907 john_takekawa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907","contributorId":176168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takekawa","given":"John","email":"john_takekawa@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":316876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Whitworth, Darrell L.","contributorId":87338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitworth","given":"Darrell","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burkett, Esther E.","contributorId":174939,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burkett","given":"Esther","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":27801,"text":"wri984244 - 1999 - Relations of surface-water quality to streamflow in the Atlantic Coastal, lower Delaware River, and Delaware Bay basins, New Jersey, water years 1976-93","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-03T21:30:45.859601","indexId":"wri984244","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4244","title":"Relations of surface-water quality to streamflow in the Atlantic Coastal, lower Delaware River, and Delaware Bay basins, New Jersey, water years 1976-93","docAbstract":"Relations of water quality to streamflow were determined for 18 water-quality constituents at 28 surface-water-quality stations within the drainage area of the Atlantic Coastal, lower Delaware River, and Delaware Bay Basins for water years 1976-93. Surface-water-quality and streamflow data were evaluated for trends (through time) in constituent concentrations during high and low flows, and relations between constituent concentration and streamflow, and between constituent load and streamflow, were determined. Median concentrations were calculated for the entire period of study (water years 1976-93) and for the last 5 years of the period of study (water years 1989-93) to determine whether any large variation in concentration exists between the two periods. Medians also were used to determine the seasonal Kendall\\'s tau statistic, which was then used to evaluate trends in concentrations during high and low flows. Trends in constituent concentrations during high and low flows were evaluated to determine whether the distribution of the observations changes through time for intermittent (nonpoint storm runoff) and constant (point sources and ground water) sources, respectively. High- and low-flow trends in concentrations were determined for some constituents at 26 of the 28 water-quality stations. Seasonal effects on the relations of concentration to streamflow are evident for 10 constituents at 14 or more stations. Dissolved oxygen shows seasonal dependency at all stations. Negative slopes of relations of concentration to streamflow, which indicate a decrease in concentration at high flows, predominate over positive slopes because of dilution of instream concentrations from storm runoff. The slopes of the regression lines of load to streamflow were determined in order to show the relative contributions to the instream load from constant (point sources and ground water) and intermittent sources (storm runoff). Greater slope values indicate larger contributions from storm runoff to instream load, which most likely indicate an increased relative importance of nonpoint sources. Load-to-streamflow relations along a stream reach that tend to increase in a downstream direction indicate the increased relative importance of contributions from storm runoff. Likewise, load-to-streamflow relations along a stream reach that tend to decrease in a downstream direction indicate the increased relative importance of point sources and ground-water discharge. The magnitudes of the load slopes for five constituents increase in the downstream direction along the Great Egg Harbor River, indicating an increased relative importance of storm runoff for these constituents along the river. The magnitudes of the load slopes for 11 constituents decrease in the downstream direction along the Assunpink Creek and for 5 constituents along the Maurice River, indicating a decreased relative importance of storm runoff for these constituents along the rivers.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri984244","usgsCitation":"Hunchak-Kariouk, K., Buxton, D.E., and Hickman, R.E., 1999, Relations of surface-water quality to streamflow in the Atlantic Coastal, lower Delaware River, and Delaware Bay basins, New Jersey, water years 1976-93: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4244, Report: xii, 146 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984244.","productDescription":"Report: xii, 146 p.; Appendix","numberOfPages":"158","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1975-10-01","temporalEnd":"1993-09-30","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327804,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri98-4244/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":120158,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4244/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":95671,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri98-4244/pdf/wri98-4244.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":328180,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/wri984224/appendix/wri98-4244_appendix.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.583,\n 38.937\n ],\n [\n -75.583,\n 40.402\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 40.402\n ],\n [\n -74,\n 38.937\n ],\n [\n -75.583,\n 38.937\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cfe4b07f02db545bb8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunchak-Kariouk, Kathryn","contributorId":41448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunchak-Kariouk","given":"Kathryn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buxton, Debra E. dbuxton@usgs.gov","contributorId":4777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buxton","given":"Debra","email":"dbuxton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":198706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hickman, R. Edward 0000-0001-5160-3723 whickman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5160-3723","contributorId":3153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"R.","email":"whickman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Edward","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":198705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":29375,"text":"wri984198 - 1999 - Upper Klamath Lake Basin nutrient-loading study: Assessment of historic flows in the Williamson and Sprague rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-21T20:18:39.662764","indexId":"wri984198","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4198","title":"Upper Klamath Lake Basin nutrient-loading study: Assessment of historic flows in the Williamson and Sprague rivers","docAbstract":"The Williamson River Basin, located in south-central Oregon, has a drainage area of approximately 3,000 square miles. The Sprague River, which flows into the Williamson River Basin, has a drainage area of 1,580 square miles. Together, the Williamson and Sprague Rivers supply about one-half of the inflow to Upper Klamath Lake. Various statistical techniques, which included trend tests, double-mass curves, and two-sample tests, were used to detect significant changes in the precipitation-runoff relation for the Williamson and Sprague River Basins. Flows from these two rivers were compared with the precipitation and air temperature records collected at Klamath Falls to assess the effect of climate on flow variations.
Most of the double-mass curves showed a major break in the slope of the curve occurring around 1950 and a smaller one near 1990. For the years 1930-50 and 1990-96, February through May flows were relatively lower in the Williamson River than in rivers in nearby basins, by an average of 25,000 acre-feet per year and 36,000 acre-feet per year, respectively, for the 4-month period. From 1950 through 1963, flows were generally higher in the Williamson River compared with the nearby rivers by an average of 38,000 acre-feet for the 4 months. In July through September of 1945-51, 1970-76, and 1992-96, flows were lower in the Williamson River than in the comparison rivers by an average of about 6,000 acre-feet for the 3-month period.
Two-sample statistical tests of the annual flow data sets for the Williamson and Sprague Rivers showed a significant increase in the estimated population mean for the period 1951-96 compared to the estimated population mean for the period 1922-50. However, climate data, which included annual precipitation data from Klamath Falls, Crater Lake, and Medford, and annual air temperature data from Klamath Falls, all showed no significant difference between the two periods.
During the past century, various human land-use activities, such as irrigation, grazing, drainage, and timber harvesting, may have had some impact on the hydrology within the Williamson River Basin. However, relating specific land-use activities to changes in flow is impossible to assess owing to the size and geologic complexity of the basin and to the paucity of historical land- and water-use data for local areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri984198","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Risley, J.C., and Laenen, A., 1999, Upper Klamath Lake Basin nutrient-loading study: Assessment of historic flows in the Williamson and Sprague rivers: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4198, iv, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984198.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p.","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159841,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4198/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":410400,"rank":1,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_16448.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":410880,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4198/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Upper Klamath Lake Basin, Williamson and Sprague Rivers","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.317,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -120.675,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -120.675,\n 43.35\n ],\n [\n -122.317,\n 43.35\n ],\n [\n -122.317,\n 42\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db606eaf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Risley, John C. 0000-0002-8206-5443 jrisley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8206-5443","contributorId":2698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risley","given":"John","email":"jrisley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":201429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Laenen, Antonius","contributorId":107673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laenen","given":"Antonius","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27950,"text":"wri994089 - 1999 - Estimation of potential runoff-contributing areas in the Kansas-Lower Republican River basin, Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-08T13:35:36.562184","indexId":"wri994089","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4089","displayTitle":"Estimation of Potential Runoff-Contributing Areas in the Kansas-Lower Republican River Basin, Kansas","title":"Estimation of potential runoff-contributing areas in the Kansas-Lower Republican River basin, Kansas","docAbstract":"Digital soils and topographic data were used to estimate and compare potential runoff-contributing areas for 19 selected subbasins representing soil, slope, and runoff variability within the Kansas-Lower Republican (KLR) River Basin. Potential runoff-contributing areas were estimated separately and collectively for the processes of infiltration-excess and saturation-excess overland flow using a set of environmental conditions that represented high, moderate, and low potential runoff. For infiltration-excess overland flow, various rainfall intensities and soil permeabilities were used. For saturation-excess overland flow, antecedent soil-moisture conditions and a topographic wetness index were used.
Results indicated that the subbasins with relatively high potential runoff are located in the central part of the KLR River Basin. These subbasins are Black Vermillion River, Clarks Creek, Delaware River upstream from Muscotah, Grasshopper Creek, Mill Creek (Wabaunsee County), Soldier Creek, Vermillion Creek (Pottawatomie County), and Wildcat Creek. The subbasins with relatively low potential runoff are located in the western one-third of the KLR River Basin, with one exception, and are Buffalo Creek, Little Blue River upstream from Barnes, Mill Creek (Washington County), Republican River between Concordia and Clay Center, Republican River upstream from Concordia, Wakarusa River downstream from Clinton Lake (exception), and White Rock Creek. The ability to distinguish the subbasins as having relatively high or low potential runoff was possible mostly due to the variability of soil permeability across the KLR River Basin.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri994089","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Kansas Department of Health and Environment","usgsCitation":"Juracek, K.E., 1999, Estimation of potential runoff-contributing areas in the Kansas-Lower Republican River basin, Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4089, Report: iv, 24 p.; Figures, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994089.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 24 p.; Figures","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158758,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2202,"rank":199,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4089/wrir19994089.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 1999–4089"},{"id":403264,"rank":5,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4089/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":400829,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19394.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":362198,"rank":3,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4089/figures/","text":"Figures"}],"scale":"670000","country":"United States","state":"Kansas","otherGeospatial":"Kansas-Lower Republican River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.86,\n 38.6420\n ],\n [\n -94.5830,\n 38.6420\n ],\n [\n -94.5830,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -98.86,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -98.86,\n 38.6420\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Kansas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1217 Biltmore Drive
Lawrence, KS 66049