{"pageNumber":"1197","pageRowStart":"29900","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165309,"records":[{"id":70159464,"text":"70159464 - 2015 - Geospatial association between adverse birth outcomes and arsenic in groundwater in New Hampshire, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-11T16:05:08","indexId":"70159464","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-30T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1538,"text":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geospatial association between adverse birth outcomes and arsenic in groundwater in New Hampshire, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>There is increasing evidence of the role of arsenic in the etiology of adverse human reproductive outcomes. Because drinking water can be a major source of arsenic to pregnant women, the effect of arsenic exposure through drinking water on human birth may be revealed by a geospatial association between arsenic concentration in groundwater and birth problems, particularly in a region where private wells substantially account for water supply, like New Hampshire, USA. We calculated town-level rates of preterm birth and term low birth weight (term LBW) for New Hampshire, by&nbsp;using data for 1997&ndash;2009 stratified by maternal age. We smoothed the rates by&nbsp;using a locally weighted averaging method to increase the statistical stability. The town-level groundwater arsenic probability&nbsp;values are from three GIS data layers generated by the US Geological Survey: probability of local groundwater arsenic concentration &gt;1&nbsp;&micro;g/L, probability &gt;5&nbsp;&micro;g/L, and probability &gt;10&nbsp;&micro;g/L. We calculated Pearson&rsquo;s correlation coefficients (</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><span>) between the reproductive outcomes (preterm birth and term LBW) and the arsenic probability&nbsp;values, at both state and county levels. For preterm birth, younger mothers (maternal age &lt;20) have a statewide</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.70 between the rates smoothed with a threshold&nbsp;=&nbsp;2,000 births and the town mean arsenic level based on the data of probability &gt;10&nbsp;&micro;g/L; for older mothers,&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.19 when the smoothing threshold&nbsp;=&nbsp;3,500; a majority of county level&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><span>&nbsp;values are positive based on the arsenic data of probability &gt;10&nbsp;&micro;g/L. For term LBW, younger mothers (maternal age &lt;25) have a statewide&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.44 between the rates smoothed with a threshold&nbsp;=&nbsp;3,500 and town minimum arsenic concentration based on the data of probability &gt;1&nbsp;&micro;g/L; for older mothers,&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.14 when the rates are smoothed with a threshold&nbsp;=&nbsp;1,000 births and also adjusted by town median household income in 1999, and the arsenic values are the town minimum based on probability &gt;10&nbsp;&micro;g/L. At the county level for younger mothers, positive&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><span>&nbsp;values prevail, but for older mothers, it is a mix. For both birth problems, the several most populous counties&mdash;with 60&ndash;80% of the state&rsquo;s population and clustering at the southwest corner of the state&mdash;are largely consistent in having a positive&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">r</i><span>&nbsp;across different smoothing thresholds. We found evident spatial associations between the two adverse human reproductive outcomes and groundwater arsenic in New Hampshire, USA. However, the degree of associations and their sensitivity to different representations of arsenic level are variable. Generally, preterm birth has a stronger spatial association with groundwater arsenic than term LBW, suggesting an inconsistency in the impact of arsenic on the two reproductive outcomes. For both outcomes, younger maternal age has stronger spatial associations with groundwater arsenic.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Berlin, Germany","doi":"10.1007/s10653-014-9651-2","usgsCitation":"Shi, X., Ayotte, J.D., Onda, A., Miller, S., Rees, J., Gilbert-Diamond, D., Onega, T.L., Gui, J., Karagas, M.R., and Moeschler, J.B., 2015, Geospatial association between adverse birth outcomes and arsenic in groundwater in New Hampshire, USA: Environmental Geochemistry and Health, v. 37, no. 2, p. 333-351, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-014-9651-2.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"333","endPage":"351","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-045872","costCenters":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472124,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4425200","text":"External Repository"},{"id":310915,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New 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,{"id":70147398,"text":"70147398 - 2015 - Icefield-to-ocean linkages across the northern Pacific coastal temperate rainforest ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-07T18:04:47","indexId":"70147398","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-30T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Icefield-to-ocean linkages across the northern Pacific coastal temperate rainforest ecosystem","docAbstract":"<p>Rates of glacier mass loss in the northern Pacific coastal temperate rainforest (PCTR) are among the highest on Earth, and changes in glacier volume and extent will affect the flow regime and chemistry of coastal rivers, as well as the nearshore marine ecosystem of the Gulf of Alaska. Here we synthesize physical, chemical and biological linkages that characterize the northern PCTR ecosystem, with particular emphasis on the potential impacts of glacier change in the coastal mountain ranges on the surface&ndash;water hydrology, biogeochemistry, coastal oceanography and aquatic ecology. We also evaluate the relative importance and interplay between interannual variability and long-term trends in key physical drivers and ecological responses. To advance our knowledge of the northern PCTR, we advocate for cross-disciplinary research bridging the icefield-to-ocean ecosystem that can be paired with long-term scientific records and designed to inform decisionmakers.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Institute of Biological Sciences","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biv027","usgsCitation":"O’Neel, S., Hood, E., Bidlack, A.L., Fleming, S.W., Arimitsu, M.L., Arendt, A., Burgess, E.W., Sergeant, C.J., Beaudreau, A., Timm, K., Hayward, G., Reynolds, J.H., and Pyare, S., 2015, Icefield-to-ocean linkages across the northern Pacific coastal temperate rainforest ecosystem: BioScience, v. 65, no. 5, p. 499-512, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biv027.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"499","endPage":"512","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056781","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center 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,{"id":70147395,"text":"70147395 - 2015 - Glaciological and marine geological controls on terminus dynamics of Hubbard Glacier, southeast Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-07T18:06:26","indexId":"70147395","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-30T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2318,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Glaciological and marine geological controls on terminus dynamics of Hubbard Glacier, southeast Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>Hubbard Glacier, located in southeast Alaska, is the world's largest non-polar tidewater glacier. It has been steadily advancing since it was first mapped in 1895; occasionally, the advance creates an ice or sediment dam that blocks a tributary fjord (Russell Fiord). The sustained advance raises the probability of long-term closure in the near-future, which will strongly impact the ecosystem of Russell Fiord and the nearby community of Yakutat. Here, we examine a 43-year record of flow speeds and terminus position to understand the large-scale dynamics of Hubbard Glacier. Our long-term record shows that the rate of terminus advance has increased slightly since 1895, with the exception of a slowed advance between approximately 1972 and 1984. The short-lived closure events in 1986 and 2002 were not initiated by perturbations in ice velocity or environmental forcings, but were likely due to fluctuations in sedimentation patterns at the terminus. This study points to the significance of a coupled system where short-term velocity fluctuations and morainal shoal development control tidewater glacier terminus position.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/2014JF003341","usgsCitation":"Stearns, L.A., Hamilton, G.S., van der Veen, C.J., Finnegan, D., O’Neel, S., Scheick, J.B., and Lawson, D.E., 2015, Glaciological and marine geological controls on terminus dynamics of Hubbard Glacier, southeast Alaska: Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, v. 120, no. 6, p. 1065-1081, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JF003341.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1065","endPage":"1081","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059769","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472123,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jf003341","text":"Publisher Index 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,{"id":70146133,"text":"70146133 - 2015 - Rapid growth and genetic diversity retention in an isolated reintroduced black bear population in the central appalachians","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-13T12:40:21","indexId":"70146133","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-30T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid growth and genetic diversity retention in an isolated reintroduced black bear population in the central appalachians","docAbstract":"<p>Animal reintroductions are important tools of wildlife management to restore species to their historical range, and they can also create unique opportunities to study population dynamics and genetics from founder events. We used non-invasive hair sampling in a systematic, closed-population capture-mark-recapture (CMR) study design at the Big South Fork (BSF) area in Kentucky during 2010 and Tennessee during 2012 to estimate the demographic and genetic characteristics of the black bear (<i>Ursus americanus</i>) population that resulted from a reintroduced founding population of 18 bears in 1998. We estimated 38 (95% CI: 31&ndash;66) and 190 (95% CI: 170&ndash;219) bears on the Kentucky and Tennessee study areas, respectively. Based on the Tennessee abundance estimate alone, the mean annual growth rate was 18.3% (95% CI: 17.4&ndash;19.5%) from 1998 to 2012. We also compared the genetic characteristics of bears sampled during 2010&ndash;2012 to bears in the population during 2000&ndash;2002, 2&ndash;4 years following reintroduction, and to the source population. We found that the level of genetic diversity since reintroduction as indicated by expected heterozygosity (<i>H</i><sub>E</sub>) remained relatively constant (<i>H</i><sub>E(source, 2004)</sub>&thinsp;=&thinsp;0.763, <i>H</i><sub>E(BSF, 2000&ndash;2002)</sub>&thinsp;=&thinsp;0.729, <i>H</i><sub>E(BSF, 2010&ndash;2012)</sub>&thinsp;=&thinsp;0.712) and the effective number of breeders (<i>N</i><sub>B</sub>) remained low but had increased since reintroduction in the absence of sufficient immigration (<i>N</i><sub>B(BSF, 2000&ndash;2002)</sub>&thinsp;=&thinsp;12, <i>N</i><sub>B(BSF, 2010&ndash;2012)</sub>&thinsp; =&thinsp;35). This bear population appears to be genetically isolated, but contrary to our expectations, we did not find evidence of genetic diversity loss or other deleterious genetic effects typically observed from small founder groups. We attribute that to high initial genetic diversity in the founder group combined with overlapping generations and rapid population growth. Although the population remains relatively small, the reintroduction using a small founder group appears to be demographically and genetically sustainable.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.886","usgsCitation":"Murphy, S.M., Cox, J., Clark, J.D., Augustine, B.J., Hast, J.T., Gibbs, D., Strunk, M., and Dobey, S., 2015, Rapid growth and genetic diversity retention in an isolated reintroduced black bear population in the central appalachians: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 79, no. 5, p. 807-818, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.886.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"807","endPage":"818","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064422","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310595,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kentucky, Tennessee","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84.7705078125,\n              36.10237644873644\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.7705078125,\n              36.94440418245903\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.04678344726562,\n              36.94440418245903\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.04678344726562,\n              36.10237644873644\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.7705078125,\n              36.10237644873644\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"79","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"562b5a32e4b00162522207e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Murphy, Sean M.","contributorId":140195,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murphy","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12425,"text":"University of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cox, John J.","contributorId":140196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cox","given":"John J.","affiliations":[{"id":12425,"text":"University of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clark, Joseph D. 0000-0002-8547-8112 jclark1@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8547-8112","contributorId":2265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Joseph","email":"jclark1@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":544689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Augustine, Benjamin J.","contributorId":140198,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Augustine","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12425,"text":"University of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hast, John T.","contributorId":140197,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hast","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12425,"text":"University of Kentucky","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gibbs, Dan","contributorId":140199,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibbs","given":"Dan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13408,"text":"Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Strunk, Michael","contributorId":140200,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Strunk","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13409,"text":"Kentucky Department of Fish & Wildlife Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Dobey, Steven","contributorId":140201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dobey","given":"Steven","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13409,"text":"Kentucky Department of Fish & Wildlife Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":544696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70147328,"text":"70147328 - 2015 - Genes indicative of zoonotic and swine pathogens are persistent in stream water and sediment following a swine manure spill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-12T17:11:13","indexId":"70147328","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-30T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genes indicative of zoonotic and swine pathogens are persistent in stream water and sediment following a swine manure spill","docAbstract":"<p><span>Manure spills to streams are relatively frequent, but no studies have characterized stream contamination with zoonotic and veterinary pathogens, or fecal chemicals, following a spill. We tested stream water and sediment over 25 days and downstream for 7.6 km for: fecal indicator bacteria (FIB); the fecal indicator chemicals cholesterol and coprostanol; 20 genes for zoonotic and swine-specific bacterial pathogens by presence/absence polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for viable cells; one swine-specific <i>Escherichia coli</i></span><span>&nbsp;toxin gene (</span>STII<span>) by quantitative PCR (qPCR); and nine human and animal viruses by qPCR, or reverse-transcriptase qPCR. Twelve days post-spill, and 4.2 km downstream, water concentrations of FIB, cholesterol, and coprostanol were 1-2 orders of magnitude greater than those detected before, or above, the spill, and genes indicating viable zoonotic or swine-infectious&nbsp;</span><i>Escherichia coli</i><span>, were detected in water or sediment.&nbsp;</span>STII<span>&nbsp;increased from undetectable before, or above the spill, to 10</span><sup>5</sup><span>&nbsp;copies/100 mL water 12 days post-spill. Thirteen of 14 water (8/9 sediment) samples had viable&nbsp;</span>STII<span>-carrying cells post-spill. Eighteen days post-spill porcine adenovirus and teschovirus were detected 5.6 km downstream. Sediment FIB concentrations (per gram wet weight) were greater than in water, and sediment was a continuous reservoir of genes and chemicals post-spill. Constituent concentrations were much lower, and detections less frequent, in a runoff event (200 days post-spill) following manure application, although the swine-associated&nbsp;</span>STII<span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>stx</i><sub>2e</sub><span>&nbsp;genes were detected. Manure spills are an underappreciated pathway for livestock-derived contaminants to enter streams, with persistent environmental outcomes, and the potential for human and veterinary health consequences.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/AEM.04195-14","usgsCitation":"Haack, S.K., Duris, J.W., Kolpin, D.W., Fogarty, L.R., Johnson, H., Gibson, K.E., Focazio, M.J., Schwab, K.J., Hubbard, L.E., and Foreman, W., 2015, Genes indicative of zoonotic and swine pathogens are persistent in stream water and sediment following a swine manure spill: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 81, no. 10, p. 3430-3441, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.04195-14.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"3430","endPage":"3441","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059122","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472126,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.04195-14","text":"External Repository"},{"id":299986,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -96.5478515625,\n              43.50075243569041\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.25244140624999,\n              43.54854811091288\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.07666015625,\n              43.29320031385282\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.16455078125,\n              43.100982876188546\n            ],\n            [\n   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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duris, Joseph W. 0000-0002-8669-8109 jwduris@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8669-8109","contributorId":1981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duris","given":"Joseph","email":"jwduris@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kolpin, Dana W. 0000-0002-3529-6505 dwkolpin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-6505","contributorId":1239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"Dana","email":"dwkolpin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fogarty, Lisa R. 0000-0003-0329-3251 lrfogart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0329-3251","contributorId":2053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fogarty","given":"Lisa","email":"lrfogart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, Heather E.","contributorId":207837,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Heather E.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12456,"text":"former USGS scientist","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":744851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gibson, Kristen E.","contributorId":140469,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibson","given":"Kristen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13508,"text":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public health","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Focazio, Michael J. 0000-0003-0967-5576 mfocazio@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0967-5576","contributorId":1276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Focazio","given":"Michael","email":"mfocazio@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Schwab, Kellogg J.","contributorId":140470,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schwab","given":"Kellogg","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13508,"text":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public health","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hubbard, Laura E. 0000-0003-3813-1500 lhubbard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3813-1500","contributorId":4221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubbard","given":"Laura","email":"lhubbard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Foreman, William T. wforeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":139099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foreman","given":"William T.","email":"wforeman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70158901,"text":"70158901 - 2015 - A nonlinear, implicit one-line model to predict long-term shoreline change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-14T19:02:19.988931","indexId":"70158901","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-30T12:25:41","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A nonlinear, implicit one-line model to predict long-term shoreline change","docAbstract":"We present the formulation, validation, and application of a nonlinear, implicit one-line model to simulate long-term (decadal and longer) shoreline change. The purpose of the implicit numerical method presented here is to allow large time steps without sacrificing model stability compared to explicit approaches, and thereby improve computational efficiency. The model uses a Jacobian-free Newton-Krylov solver to compute the solution to the governing equations, i.e. the shoreline position. The model is validated against an analytical solution for alongshore shoreline diffusion. The model is applied to simulate a decade of observed shoreline change at Ocean Beach (2004-2014). When wave transformation is included (implemented via SWAN and a look-up table) there is a 100% increase in the number of profiles where erosion or accretion is correctly predicted.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"The proceedings of the coastal sediments 2015","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Coastal Sediments 2015","conferenceDate":"May 11-15, 2015","conferenceLocation":"San Diego, CA","language":"English","publisher":"World Scientific","doi":"10.1142/9789814689977_0215","usgsCitation":"Vitousek, S., and Barnard, P., 2015, A nonlinear, implicit one-line model to predict long-term shoreline change, <i>in</i> The proceedings of the coastal sediments 2015, San Diego, CA, May 11-15, 2015, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814689977_0215.","productDescription":"12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-064826","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382177,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vitousek, Sean 0000-0002-3369-4673 svitousek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3369-4673","contributorId":149065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vitousek","given":"Sean","email":"svitousek@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":576797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L. 0000-0003-1414-6476 pbarnard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-6476","contributorId":147147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick L.","email":"pbarnard@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":576798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70147340,"text":"70147340 - 2015 - Precise interpolar phasing of abrupt climate change during the last ice age","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-11T13:00:59","indexId":"70147340","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-30T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Precise interpolar phasing of abrupt climate change during the last ice age","docAbstract":"<p><span>The last glacial period exhibited abrupt Dansgaard&ndash;Oeschger climatic oscillations, evidence of which is preserved in a variety of Northern Hemisphere palaeoclimate archives</span><sup><a id=\"ref-link-27\" title=\"NGRIP Project Members. High-resolution record of Northern Hemisphere climate extending into the last interglacial period. Nature 431, 147-151 (2004).\" href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v520/n7549/full/nature14401.html#ref1\">1</a></sup><span>. Ice cores show that Antarctica cooled during the warm phases of the Greenland Dansgaard&ndash;Oeschger cycle and vice versa</span><sup><a id=\"ref-link-28\" title=\"Blunier, T. &amp; Brook, E. J. Timing of millennial-scale climate change in Antarctica and Greenland during the last glacial period. Science 291, 109-112 (2001).\" href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v520/n7549/full/nature14401.html#ref2\">2</a>,&nbsp;<a id=\"ref-link-29\" title=\"EPICA Community Members. One-to-one coupling of glacial climate variability in Greenland and Antarctica. Nature 444, 195-198 (2006).\" href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v520/n7549/full/nature14401.html#ref3\">3</a></sup><span>, suggesting an interhemispheric redistribution of heat through a mechanism called the bipolar seesaw</span><sup><a id=\"ref-link-30\" title=\"Crowley, T. J. North Atlantic Deep Water cools the southern hemisphere. Paleoceanography 7, 489-497 (1992).\" href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v520/n7549/full/nature14401.html#ref4\">4</a>,&nbsp;<a id=\"ref-link-31\" title=\"Barker, S. et al. Interhemispheric Atlantic seesaw response during the last deglaciation. Nature 457, 1097-1102 (2009).\" href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v520/n7549/full/nature14401.html#ref5\">5</a>,&nbsp;<a id=\"ref-link-32\" title=\"Stocker, T. F. &amp; Johnsen, S. J. A minimum thermodynamic model for the bipolar seesaw. Paleoceanography 18, 1087 (2003).\" href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v520/n7549/full/nature14401.html#ref6\">6</a></sup><span>. Variations in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) strength are thought to have been important, but much uncertainty remains regarding the dynamics and trigger of these abrupt events</span><sup><a id=\"ref-link-33\" title=\"Petersen, S. V., Schrag, D. P. &amp; Clark, P. U. A new mechanism for Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles. Paleoceanography 28, 24-30 (2013).\" href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v520/n7549/full/nature14401.html#ref7\">7</a>,&nbsp;<a id=\"ref-link-34\" title=\"Rind, D. et al. Effects of glacial meltwater in the GISS coupled atmosphere-ocean model. 2. A bipolar seesaw in Atlantic Deep Water production. J. Geophys. Res. 106 (D21). 27355-27365 (2001).\" href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v520/n7549/full/nature14401.html#ref8\">8</a>,&nbsp;<a id=\"ref-link-35\" title=\"Dokken, T. M., Nisancioglu, K. H., Li, C., Battisti, D. S. &amp; Kissel, C. Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles: interactions between ocean and sea ice intrinsic to the Nordic seas. Paleoceanography 28, 491-502 (2013).\" href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v520/n7549/full/nature14401.html#ref9\">9</a></sup><span>. Key information is contained in the relative phasing of hemispheric climate variations, yet the large, poorly constrained difference between gas age and ice age and the relatively low resolution of methane records from Antarctic ice cores have so far precluded methane-based synchronization at the required sub-centennial precision</span><sup><a id=\"ref-link-36\" title=\"Blunier, T. &amp; Brook, E. J. Timing of millennial-scale climate change in Antarctica and Greenland during the last glacial period. Science 291, 109-112 (2001).\" href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v520/n7549/full/nature14401.html#ref2\">2</a>,&nbsp;<a id=\"ref-link-37\" title=\"EPICA Community Members. One-to-one coupling of glacial climate variability in Greenland and Antarctica. Nature 444, 195-198 (2006).\" href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v520/n7549/full/nature14401.html#ref3\">3</a>,<a id=\"ref-link-38\" title=\"Pedro, J. B. et al. The last deglaciation: timing the bipolar seesaw. Clim. Past. 7, 671-683 (2011).\" href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v520/n7549/full/nature14401.html#ref10\">10</a></sup><span>. Here we use a recently drilled high-accumulation Antarctic ice core to show that, on average, abrupt Greenland warming leads the corresponding Antarctic cooling onset by 218 &plusmn; 92 years (2</span><i><span class=\"mb\">&sigma;</span></i><span>) for Dansgaard&ndash;Oeschger events, including the B&oslash;lling event; Greenland cooling leads the corresponding onset of Antarctic warming by 208 &plusmn; 96 years. Our results demonstrate a north-to-south directionality of the abrupt climatic signal, which is propagated to the Southern Hemisphere high latitudes by oceanic rather than atmospheric processes. The similar interpolar phasing of warming and cooling transitions suggests that the transfer time of the climatic signal is independent of the AMOC background state. Our findings confirm a central role for ocean circulation in the bipolar seesaw and provide clear criteria for assessing hypotheses and model simulations of Dansgaard&ndash;Oeschger dynamics.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/nature14401","usgsCitation":"WAIS Divide Project Members, Buizert, C., Adrian, B.M., Ahn, J., Albert, M., Alley, R.B., Baggenstos, D., Bauska, T.K., Bay, R.C., Bencivengo, B.B., Bentley, C.R., Brook, E.J., Chellman, N.J., Clow, G.D., Cole-Dai, J., Conway, H., Cravens, E., Cuffey, K.M., Dunbar, N.W., Edwards, J.S., Fegyveresi, J., Ferris, D.G., Fitzpatrick, J.J., Fudge, T.J., Gibson, C.J., Gkinis, V., Goetz, J.J., Gregory, S., Hargreaves, G.M., Iverson, N., Johnson, J., Jones, T.R., Kalk, M.L., Kippenhan, M.J., Koffman, B.G., Kreutz, K., Kuhl, T.W., Lebar, D.A., Lee, J., Marcott, S.A., Markle, B., Maselli, O.J., McConnell, J., McGwire, K.C., Mitchell, L.E., Mortensen, N.B., Neff, P.D., Nishiizumi, K., Nunn, R., Orsi, A.J., Pasteris, D.R., Pedro, J.B., Pettit, E.C., Price, P.B., Priscu, J.C., Rhodes, R.H., Rosen, J.L., Schauer, A.J., Schoenemann, S.W., Sendelbach, P.J., Severinghaus, J.P., Shturmakov, A.J., Sigl, M., Slawny, K.R., Souney, J., Sowers, T.A., Spencer, M.K., Steig, E.J., Taylor, K.C., Twickler, M.S., Vaughn, B.H., Voigt, D.E., Waddington, E.D., Welten, K.C., Wendricks, A.W., White, J.W., Winstrup, M., Wong, G.J., and Woodruff, T.E., 2015, Precise interpolar phasing of abrupt climate change during the last ice age: Nature, v. 520, p. 661-665, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14401.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"661","endPage":"665","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059238","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472127,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8w75f0wz","text":"External 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C.","contributorId":8367,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":76},{"text":"Winstrup, Mai","contributorId":140729,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Winstrup","given":"Mai","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":77},{"text":"Wong, Gifford J.","contributorId":140730,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wong","given":"Gifford","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":78},{"text":"Woodruff, Thomas E.","contributorId":140731,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodruff","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":546669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":79}]}}
,{"id":70146022,"text":"sim3324 - 2015 - Colored shaded-relief bathymetry, acoustic backscatter, and selected perspective views of the Inner Continental Borderland, southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-03T13:25:33","indexId":"sim3324","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-30T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3324","title":"Colored shaded-relief bathymetry, acoustic backscatter, and selected perspective views of the Inner Continental Borderland, southern California","docAbstract":"<p><span>In late 2013, Scripps Institution of Oceanography collected multibeam bathymetry and acoustic-backscatter data of the Inner Continental Borderland Region, Southern California. The U.S. Geological Survey Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center processed these data, and this report provides the data in a number of different formats in addition to a set of map sheets. The data catalog provides the new bathymetry and acoustic-backscatter data, collected mainly in the Gulf of Santa Catalina and San Diego Trough, as well as this new bathymetry data merged with other publicly&nbsp;available bathymetry data from the region. Sheet 1 displays a colored shaded-relief bathymetry map of the Inner Continental Borderland generated from the merged bathymetry data. Sheet 2 displays the new acoustic-backscatter data along with other available backscatter data in the region. Sheet 3 displays selected perspective views of the bathymetry data highlighting submarine canyon and channel systems, knolls, and tectonic features.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3324","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Scripps Institution of Oceanography","usgsCitation":"Dartnell, P., Driscoll, N.W., Brothers, D., Conrad, J.E., Kluesner, J., Kent, G., and Andrews, B., 2015, Colored shaded-relief bathymetry, acoustic backscatter, and selected perspective views of the Inner Continental Borderland, southern California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3324, 3 Sheets: 29.74  x 34.17 inches or smaller; Data Catalog, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3324.","productDescription":"3 Sheets: 29.74  x 34.17 inches or smaller; Data Catalog","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058299","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science 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,{"id":70146272,"text":"ofr20151074 - 2015 - U.S. Geological Survey quality-assurance plan for surface-water activities in Kansas, 2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-04T09:24:56","indexId":"ofr20151074","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-30T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1074","title":"U.S. Geological Survey quality-assurance plan for surface-water activities in Kansas, 2015","docAbstract":"<p><span>This Surface Water Quality-Assurance Plan documents the standards, policies, and procedures used by the Kansas Water Science Center (KSWSC) of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) for activities related to the collection, processing, storage, analysis, and publication of surface-water data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151074","usgsCitation":"Painter, C.C., and Loving, B.L., 2015, U.S. Geological Survey quality-assurance plan for surface-water activities in Kansas, 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1074, vii, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151074.","productDescription":"vii, 33 p.","numberOfPages":"46","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2015-01-01","ipdsId":"IP-062879","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299975,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151074.jpg"},{"id":299974,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1074/pdf/ofr2015-1074.pdf","text":"Report","size":"420 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":299969,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1074/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -102.052001953125,\n              40.002371935876475\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.0465087890625,\n              36.98939086733937\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.61975097656249,\n              37.00255267215955\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.6087646484375,\n              39.11301365149975\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.5867919921875,\n              39.15988184949157\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.82574462890625,\n              39.232253141714885\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.888916015625,\n              39.39375459224348\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.11138916015624,\n              39.54005788576377\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.85733032226562,\n              39.75365697136308\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.93148803710936,\n              39.89393354266699\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.152587890625,\n              39.905522539728544\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.31463623046875,\n              40.002371935876475\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.052001953125,\n              40.002371935876475\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55434424e4b0a658d7941472","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Painter, Colin C. 0000-0002-9469-5987 cpainter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9469-5987","contributorId":5597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Painter","given":"Colin","email":"cpainter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loving, Brian L. bloving@usgs.gov","contributorId":4565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loving","given":"Brian","email":"bloving@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":545859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70189143,"text":"70189143 - 2015 - Focused exhumation along megathrust splay faults in Prince William Sound, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-03T21:52:48.299759","indexId":"70189143","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-30T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Focused exhumation along megathrust splay faults in Prince William Sound, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>Megathrust splay faults are a common feature of accretionary prisms and can be important for generating tsunamis during some subduction zone earthquakes. Here we provide new evidence from Alaska that megathrust splay faults have been conduits for focused exhumation in the last 5&nbsp;Ma. In most of central Prince William Sound, published and new low-temperature thermochronology data indicate little to no permanent rock uplift over tens of thousands of earthquake cycles. However, in southern Prince William Sound on Montague Island, apatite (U–Th)/He ages are as young as 1.1&nbsp;Ma indicating focused and rapid rock uplift. Montague Island lies in the hanging wall of the Patton Bay megathrust splay fault system, which ruptured during the 1964 M9.2 earthquake and produced ∼9&nbsp;m of vertical uplift. Recent geochronology and thermochronology studies show rapid exhumation within the last 5&nbsp;Ma in a pattern similar to the coseismic uplift in the 1964 earthquake, demonstrating that splay fault slip is a long term (3–5&nbsp;my) phenomena. The region of slower exhumation correlates with rocks that are older and metamorphosed and constitute a mechanically strong backstop. The region of rapid exhumation consists of much younger and weakly metamorphosed rocks, which we infer are mechanically weak. The region of rapid exhumation is separated from the region of slow exhumation by the newly identified Montague Strait Fault. New sparker high-resolution bathymetry, seismic reflection profiles, and a 2012 M</span><sub><i>w</i></sub><span>4.8 earthquake show this feature as a 75-km-long high-angle active normal fault. There are numerous smaller active normal(?) faults in the region between the Montague Strait Fault and the splay faults. We interpret this hanging wall extension as developing between the rapidly uplifting sliver of younger and weaker rocks on Montague Island from the essentially fixed region to the north. Deep seismic reflection profiles show the splay faults root into the subduction megathrust where there is probable underplating. Thus the exhumation and extension in the hanging wall are likely driven by underplating along the megathrust décollement, thickening in the overriding plate and a change in rheology at the Montague Strait Fault to form a structural backstop. A comparison with other megathrust splay faults around the world shows they have significant variability in their characteristics, and the conditions for their formation are not particularly unique.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.10.013","usgsCitation":"Haeussler, P.J., Armstrong, P., Liberty, L.M., Ferguson, K.M., Finn, S., Arkle, J.C., and Pratt, T.L., 2015, Focused exhumation along megathrust splay faults in Prince William Sound, Alaska: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 113, p. 8-22, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.10.013.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"8","endPage":"22","ipdsId":"IP-060463","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472128,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.10.013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":343271,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince William Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -148,\n              60.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -148,\n              59.8750\n            ],\n            [\n              -147,\n              59.8750\n            ],\n            [\n              -147,\n              60.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -148,\n              60.75\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"113","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595b579ae4b0d1f9f0536dce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Armstrong, Phillip A","contributorId":169931,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Armstrong","given":"Phillip A","affiliations":[{"id":25628,"text":"Geological Sciences, California State University Fullerton","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":703150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liberty, Lee M","contributorId":194078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liberty","given":"Lee","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ferguson, Kelly M","contributorId":169930,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferguson","given":"Kelly","email":"","middleInitial":"M","affiliations":[{"id":25628,"text":"Geological Sciences, California State University Fullerton","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":703152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Finn, Shaun P","contributorId":194079,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Finn","given":"Shaun P","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Arkle, Jeannette C","contributorId":194080,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arkle","given":"Jeannette","email":"","middleInitial":"C","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pratt, Thomas L. 0000-0003-3131-3141 tpratt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3131-3141","contributorId":3279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"Thomas","email":"tpratt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70144354,"text":"sir20155047 - 2015 - Simulating hydrologic response to climate change scenarios in four selected watersheds of New Hampshire","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-29T15:24:04","indexId":"sir20155047","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-29T15:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5047","title":"Simulating hydrologic response to climate change scenarios in four selected watersheds of New Hampshire","docAbstract":"<p>The State of New Hampshire has initiated a coordinated effort to proactively prepare for the effects of climate change on the natural and human resources of New Hampshire. An important aspect of this effort is to develop a vulnerability assessment of hydrologic response to climate change. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services, is developing tools to predict how projected changes in temperature and precipitation will affect change in the hydrology of watersheds in the State. This study is a test case to assemble the information and create the tools to assess the hydrologic vulnerabilities in four specific watersheds.</p>\n<p>The study uses output from general circulation models to drive hydrologic simulations of streamflow, groundwater base flow (hereafter referred to as base flow), and snowfall in four representative watersheds in New Hampshire during the 21st century, including the watersheds of the Ashuelot, Oyster, Pemigewasset, and Souhegan Rivers. Simulations show that on average, relative to current conditions, streamflow is likely to increase and base flow is likely to decrease, although this change is highly variable by geographic location and season. Streamflow variability will likely increase, with more high streamflows and more low streamflows. The largest increases in streamflow are in the winter, with small decreases in summer. Change in base flow varies across the State with the largest change in the northern Pemigewasset River watershed. Changes in snowfall are consistently decreasing for all watersheds on average, with the largest change also in the Pemigewasset. However, monthly snowfall totals during any given winter could be higher in the future than expected under current conditions.</p>\n<p>Increasing frequency of floods (the largest seven floods expected to occur in 20 years) could be more significant than the size of the floods, except in the northern high altitude watersheds. In other words, the projections indicate a pattern of multiple floods that might not breach the riverbanks, yet the increased frequency could put additional strain on the existing river banks, infrastructure, and nearby human settlements. There is also likely to be an increase in high flows during the winter and spring months, which could result in more uncertainty in planning for the design, operation, and maintenance of infrastructure, including roads and utilities. Similarly, it is expected that, on average, there will be less base flow available and a wider range of seasonal fluctuation in base flow than experienced historically. These issues could necessitate more attention to planning and management of the resource. Based on past experience, the most important effects of climate change could be less certain planning options and a greater need for planning that accounts for the effects of larger streamflows than are currently available.</p>\n<p>The effects of hydrologic change on human health and well-being could be most readily apparent with respect to changes in streamflow and the subsequent increase in the frequency of minor flooding and the frequency of summer and fall low streamflows. These changes could require the development of plans to adapt, protect, and upgrade infrastructure, such as bridges, culverts, roads, and other structures. The precipitation runoff modeling shows that rivers and watersheds in New Hampshire will likely change in response to climate change, and that this response varies with season and latitude. Although four representative areas were simulated in this study, additional models could be used to predict the response over the entire State.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155047","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services","usgsCitation":"Bjerklie, D.M., Ayotte, J.D., and Cahillane, M.J., 2015, Simulating hydrologic response to climate change scenarios in four selected watersheds of New Hampshire: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5047, viii, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155047.","productDescription":"viii, 53 p.","numberOfPages":"66","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060349","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":299965,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155047.jpg"},{"id":299963,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5047/"},{"id":299964,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5047/pdf/sir2015-5047.pdf","text":"Report","size":"17.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -71.092529296875,\n              45.30773430004869\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.9442138671875,\n              43.3351671567243\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.8123779296875,\n              43.235198459790425\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.83160400390625,\n              43.141078106345866\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.697021484375,\n 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":543496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cahillane, Matthew J.","contributorId":139934,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cahillane","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13319,"text":"NH Department of Health and Human Services","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":543497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70147326,"text":"70147326 - 2015 - Home range, habitat use, and movement patterns of non-native Burmese pythons in Everglades National Park, Florida, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-12-06T12:57:40","indexId":"70147326","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-29T14:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":773,"text":"Animal Biotelemetry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Home range, habitat use, and movement patterns of non-native Burmese pythons in Everglades National Park, Florida, USA","docAbstract":"<p>Background</p>\n<p>Studies on the spatial ecology of invasive species provide critical information for conservation managers such as habitat preferences and identification of native species at risk of predation. To understand the spatial ecology of non-native Burmese pythons (<i>Python molurus bivittatus</i>), now well-established in Everglades National Park and much of South Florida USA, we radio-tracked 19 wild-caught adult pythons, 16 with VHF tags during 2006 through 2009 and 3 by GPS tags between 2010 and 2011. Our goal was to identify individual core-use areas and quantify home ranges, as well as to explore correlations of python movements with environmental parameters such as the presence of surface water.</p>\n<p>Results</p>\n<p>Radio-tracking periods ranged from 87 to 697&nbsp;days for snakes with VHF tags, with a total of 5,119 tracking days (mean&thinsp;&plusmn;&thinsp;1 SD&thinsp;=&thinsp;319.9&thinsp;&plusmn;&thinsp;184.3&nbsp;days); GPS tracking periods ranged from 12 to 93&nbsp;days, with a total of 146 tracking days (mean&thinsp;&plusmn;&thinsp;1 SD&thinsp;=&thinsp;48.7&thinsp;&plusmn;&thinsp;40.7&nbsp;days). We observed mean individual radio-tracked python home ranges of 22.5&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span>(2250&nbsp;ha) with overall low site fidelity; all home ranges were within the park boundary. Python core-use areas included slough and coastal habitat types, and we delineated 18 common-use areas (that is, areas where individual core-use areas spatially overlapped). Tree islands were a principal feature of common-use areas, even if they were not the predominant habitat type. Multiple common-use areas were in proximity to roads. The longest movements of individual pythons correlated well with presence of surface water, and occurred during both wet and dry seasons.</p>\n<p>Conclusions</p>\n<p>High-use areas determined from python habitat-use and movement data may be optimal locations for targeted control efforts and further studies on impacts to native fauna.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"BioMed Central Ltd.","doi":"10.1186/s40317-015-0022-2","usgsCitation":"Hart, K.M., Cherkiss, M.S., Smith, B.J., Mazzotti, F., Fujisaki, I., Snow, R.W., and Dorcas, M.E., 2015, Home range, habitat use, and movement patterns of non-native Burmese pythons in Everglades National Park, Florida, USA: Animal Biotelemetry, v. 3, no. 8, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-015-0022-2.","productDescription":"13 p.","numberOfPages":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-040391","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472129,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-015-0022-2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":299962,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.85731506347656,\n              25.703412718177017\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.67157745361328,\n              25.702175306242104\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.56755065917969,\n              25.6127382845784\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.56926727294922,\n        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]\n}","volume":"3","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5541f2c2e4b0a658d793b204","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hart, Kristen M. 0000-0002-5257-7974 kristen_hart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5257-7974","contributorId":1966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Kristen","email":"kristen_hart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cherkiss, Michael S. 0000-0002-7802-6791 mcherkiss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7802-6791","contributorId":4571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cherkiss","given":"Michael","email":"mcherkiss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science 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,{"id":70157232,"text":"70157232 - 2015 - Assessing the components of adaptive capacity to improve conservation and management efforts under global change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-28T11:35:26","indexId":"70157232","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-29T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1321,"text":"Conservation Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the components of adaptive capacity to improve conservation and management efforts under global change","docAbstract":"<p><span>Natural-resource managers and other conservation practitioners are under unprecedented pressure to categorize and quantify the vulnerability of natural systems based on assessment of the exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity of species to climate change. Despite the urgent need for these assessments, neither the theoretical basis of adaptive capacity nor the practical issues underlying its quantification has been articulated in a manner that is directly applicable to natural-resource management. Both are critical for researchers, managers, and other conservation practitioners to develop reliable strategies for assessing adaptive capacity. Drawing from principles of classical and contemporary research and examples from terrestrial, marine, plant, and animal systems, we examined broadly the theory behind the concept of adaptive capacity. We then considered how interdisciplinary, trait- and triage-based approaches encompassing the oft-overlooked interactions among components of adaptive capacity can be used to identify species and populations likely to have higher (or lower) adaptive capacity. We identified the challenges and value of such endeavors and argue for a concerted interdisciplinary research approach that combines ecology, ecological genetics, and eco-physiology to reflect the interacting components of adaptive capacity. We aimed to provide a basis for constructive discussion between natural-resource managers and researchers, discussions urgently needed to identify research directions that will deliver answers to real-world questions facing resource managers, other conservation practitioners, and policy makers. Directing research to both seek general patterns and identify ways to facilitate adaptive capacity of key species and populations within species, will enable conservation ecologists and resource managers to maximize returns on research and management investment and arrive at novel and dynamic management and policy decisions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Conservation Biology","publisherLocation":"Malden, MA","doi":"10.1111/cobi.12522","usgsCitation":"Nicotra, A., Beever, E., Robertson, A., Hofmann, G., and O’Leary, J., 2015, Assessing the components of adaptive capacity to improve conservation and management efforts under global change: Conservation Biology, v. 29, no. 5, p. 1268-1278, https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12522.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1268","endPage":"1278","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053172","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308192,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55fa92afe4b05d6c4e501a53","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nicotra, Adrienne","contributorId":147686,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicotra","given":"Adrienne","affiliations":[{"id":16897,"text":"Division of Evolution, Ecology and Genetics, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beever, Erik A. 0000-0002-9369-486X ebeever@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-486X","contributorId":147685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beever","given":"Erik A.","email":"ebeever@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5072,"text":"Office of Communication and Publishing","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robertson, Amanda","contributorId":147688,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robertson","given":"Amanda","affiliations":[{"id":16899,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Science Applications, Fairbanks, AK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hofmann, Gretchen","contributorId":147687,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hofmann","given":"Gretchen","affiliations":[{"id":16898,"text":"Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, UC Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"O’Leary, John","contributorId":147689,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Leary","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16900,"text":"Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70147254,"text":"70147254 - 2015 - Species richness and distributions of boreal waterbirds in relation to nesting and brood-rearing habitats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-13T12:41:28","indexId":"70147254","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-29T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Species richness and distributions of boreal waterbirds in relation to nesting and brood-rearing habitats","docAbstract":"<p><span>Identification of ecological factors that drive animal distributions allows us to understand why distributions vary temporally and spatially, and to develop models to predict future changes to populations&ndash;vital tools for effective wildlife management and conservation. For waterbird broods in the boreal forest, distributions are likely driven by factors affecting quality of nesting and brood-rearing habitats, and the influence of these factors may extend beyond singles species, affecting the entire waterbird community. We used occupancy models to assess factors influencing species richness of waterbird broods on 72 boreal lakes, along with brood distributions of 3 species of conservation concern: lesser scaup (</span><i>Aythya affinis</i><span>), white-winged scoters (</span><i>Melanitta fusca</i><span>), and horned grebe (</span><i>Podiceps auritus</i><span>). Factors examined included abundance of invertebrate foods (Amphipoda, Diptera, Gastropoda, Hemiptera, Odonata), physical lake attributes (lake area, emergent vegetation), water chemistry (nitrogen, phosphorus, chlorophyll<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span></span><i>a</i><span><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;</span>concentrations), and nesting habitats (water edge, non-forest cover). Of the 5 invertebrates, only amphipod density was related to richness and occupancy, consistently having a large and positive relationship. Despite this importance to waterbirds, amphipods were the most patchily distributed invertebrate, with 17% of the study lakes containing 70% of collected amphipods. Lake area was the only other covariate that strongly and positively influenced species richness and occupancy of scaup, scoters, and grebes. All 3 water chemistry covariates, which provided alternative measures of lake productivity, were positively related to species richness but had little effect on scaup, scoter, and grebe occupancy. Conversely, emergent vegetation was negatively related to richness, reflecting avoidance of overgrown lakes by broods. Finally, nesting habitats had no influence on richness and occupancy, indicating that, at a broad spatial scale, brood distributions are largely driven by the presence of quality brood-rearing lakes, not nesting habitats. Our findings are relevant to generating conservation plans or management goals; specifically, boreal lakes with abundant amphipods and surface areas &gt;25&thinsp;ha are important habitat for waterbird broods and merit conservation, especially given the patchy distribution of amphipods. Moreover, these high quality brood-rearing lakes are much rarer, and thus more constraining, than are quality nesting habitats, which are likely abundant in the boreal.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.837","usgsCitation":"Lewis, T., Lindberg, M., Schmutz, J.A., Bertram, M.R., and Dubour, A.J., 2015, Species richness and distributions of boreal waterbirds in relation to nesting and brood-rearing habitats: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 79, no. 2, p. 296-310, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.837.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"296","endPage":"310","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053141","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299954,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon Flats","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -148.4747314453125,\n              65.96661446478602\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.326904296875,\n              66.3132419108725\n            ],\n            [\n              -144.64599609375,\n              65.96437717203096\n            ],\n            [\n              -143.843994140625,\n              66.45408107252952\n            ],\n            [\n              -145.843505859375,\n              66.77458576472547\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.721923828125,\n              66.46943736242146\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.4747314453125,\n              65.96661446478602\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"79","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5541f2d1e4b0a658d793b243","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/jwmg.837","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.837","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Lewis Tyler L., Lindberg Mark S., Schmutz Joel A., Bertram Mark R., Dubour Adam J.","journalName":"The Journal of Wildlife Management","publicationDate":"2/2015","auditedOn":"2/8/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, Tyler L.","contributorId":22904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewis","given":"Tyler L.","affiliations":[{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lindberg, Mark S.","contributorId":89466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindberg","given":"Mark S.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bertram, Mark R.","contributorId":140463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bertram","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dubour, Adam J.","contributorId":140464,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dubour","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70147246,"text":"70147246 - 2015 - Projected changes in wildlife habitats in Arctic natural areas of northwest Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-29T10:49:20","indexId":"70147246","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-29T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1252,"text":"Climatic Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Projected changes in wildlife habitats in Arctic natural areas of northwest Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>We project the effects of transitional changes among 60 vegetation and other land cover types (&ldquo;ecotypes&rdquo;) in northwest Alaska over the 21st century on habitats of 162 bird and 39 mammal species known or expected to occur regularly in the region. This analysis, encompassing a broad suite of arctic and boreal wildlife species, entailed building wildlife-habitat matrices denoting levels of use of each ecotype by each species, and projecting habitat changes under historic and expected accelerated future rates of change from increasing mean annual air temperature based on the average of 5 global climate models under the A1B emissions scenario, and from potential influence of a set of 23 biophysical drivers. Under historic rates of change, we project that 52&nbsp;% of the 201 species will experience an increase in medium- and high-use habitats, 3&nbsp;% no change, and 45&nbsp;% a decrease, and that a greater proportion of mammal species (62&nbsp;%) will experience habitat declines than will bird species (50&nbsp;%). Outcomes become more dire (more species showing habitat loss) under projections made from effects of biophysical drivers and especially from increasing temperature, although species generally associated with increasing shrub and tree ecotypes will likely increase in distribution. Changes in wildlife habitats likely will also affect trophic cascades, ecosystem function, and ecosystem services; of particular significance are the projected declines in habitats of most small mammals that form the prey base for mesocarnivores and raptors, and habitat declines in 25 of the 50 bird and mammal species used for subsistence hunting and trapping.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10584-015-1354-x","usgsCitation":"Marcot, B.G., Jorgenson, M., Lawler, J.P., Handel, C.M., and DeGange, A.R., 2015, Projected changes in wildlife habitats in Arctic natural areas of northwest Alaska: Climatic Change, v. 130, no. 2, p. 145-154, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-015-1354-x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"145","endPage":"154","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051464","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299948,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -140.9765625,\n              69.64180371719554\n            ],\n            [\n              -147.54638671875,\n              68.1142934226025\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.380859375,\n              65.82978060097156\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.75537109375,\n              65.68543021881813\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.017578125,\n              62.60345318745799\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.16943359375,\n              63.52897054110277\n         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Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jorgenson, M. Torre","contributorId":140457,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jorgenson","given":"M. Torre","affiliations":[{"id":13506,"text":"Alaska Ecoscience","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lawler, James P.","contributorId":140458,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lawler","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12462,"text":"U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":545738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Handel, Colleen M. 0000-0002-0267-7408 cmhandel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0267-7408","contributorId":3067,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handel","given":"Colleen","email":"cmhandel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"DeGange, Anthony R. tdegange@usgs.gov","contributorId":139765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeGange","given":"Anthony","email":"tdegange@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":545739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70112151,"text":"sim3297 - 2015 - Geologic map of Tooting crater, Amazonis Planitia region of Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-17T18:55:14.165492","indexId":"sim3297","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-29T08:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3297","title":"Geologic map of Tooting crater, Amazonis Planitia region of Mars","docAbstract":"<p><span>Tooting crater has a diameter of 27.2 km, and formed on virtually flat lava flows within Amazonis Planitia ~1,300 km west of the summit of Olympus Mons volcano, where there appear to have been no other major topographic features prior to the impact. The crater formed in an area ~185 x 135 km that is at an elevation between &minus;3,870 m and &minus;3,874 m relative to the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) Mars datum. This fortuitous situation (for example, a bland, horizontal target) allows the geometry of the crater and the thickness of the ejecta blanket to be accurately determined by subtracting the appropriate elevation of the surrounding landscape (&minus;3,872 m) from the individual MOLA measurements across the crater. Thus, for the first time, it is possible to determine the radial decrease of ejecta thickness as a function of distance away from the rim crest. On the basis of the four discrete ejecta layers surrounding the crater cavity, Tooting crater is classified as a Multiple-Layered Ejecta (MLE) crater. By virtue of the asymmetric distribution of secondary craters and the greater thickness of ejecta to the northeast, Morris and others (2010) proposed that Tooting crater formed by an oblique impact from the southwest. The maximum range of blocks that produced identifiable secondary craters is ~500 km (~36.0 crater radii) from the northeast rim crest. In contrast, secondary craters are only identifiable ~215 km (15.8 radii) to the southeast and 225 km (16.5 radii) to the west.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3297","collaboration":"Prepared for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration","usgsCitation":"Mouginis-Mark, P.J., 2015, Geologic map of Tooting crater, Amazonis Planitia region of Mars: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3297, Pamphlet: i, 4 p.; Map sheet: 44.61 x 37.35 inches; GIS data; Metadata; Readme, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3297.","productDescription":"Pamphlet: i, 4 p.; Map sheet: 44.61 x 37.35 inches; GIS data; Metadata; Readme","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-051161","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438704,"rank":9,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9UTFDY5","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Interactive Map: USGS SIM 3297 Geologic Map of Tooting Crater, Amazonis Planitia Region of Mars"},{"id":299946,"rank":7,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sim3297.gif"},{"id":299942,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3297/downloads/sim3297_map_sheet.pdf","text":"Map sheet","size":"134 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Map sheet"},{"id":299941,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3297/downloads/sim3297_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"10.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Pamphlet"},{"id":299940,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3297/"},{"id":299945,"rank":5,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3297/sim3297_README.txt","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}},{"id":299944,"rank":3,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3297/sim3297_metadata.xml","size":"13 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":299943,"rank":6,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3297/downloads/sim3297_GIS.zip","text":"GIS data","size":"100 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"GIS data","linkHelpText":"Contains: geospatial database. Refer to the Readme and Metadata files for more information."},{"id":414343,"rank":8,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9UTFDY5","text":"Interactive map","linkHelpText":"- Geologic Map of Tooting Crater, Amazonis Planitia Region, Mars, 1:200K. Mouginis-Mark (2015)"}],"scale":"200000","projection":"Transverse Mercator Projection","otherGeospatial":"Amazonis Planitia Region, Mars","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5541f2c0e4b0a658d793b1fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mouginis-Mark, Peter J. 0000-0002-7173-6141","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7173-6141","contributorId":36793,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mouginis-Mark","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":545746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70160607,"text":"70160607 - 2015 - Parent–offspring resemblance in colony-specific adult survival of cliff swallows","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-14T09:32:49","indexId":"70160607","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-28T15:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1603,"text":"Evolutionary Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Parent–offspring resemblance in colony-specific adult survival of cliff swallows","docAbstract":"<p>Survival is a key component of fitness. Species that occupy discrete breeding colonies with different characteristics are often exposed to varying costs and benefits associated with group size or environmental conditions, and survival is an integrative net measure of these effects. We investigated the extent to which survival probability of adult (&ge;1-year old) cliff swallows (<i>Petrochelidon pyrrhonota</i>) occupying different colonies resembled that of their parental cohort and thus whether the natal colony had long-term effects on individuals. Individuals were cross-fostered between colonies soon after hatching and their presence as breeders monitored at colonies in the western Nebraska study area for the subsequent decade. Colony-specific adult survival probabilities of offspring born and reared in the same colony, and those cross-fostered away from their natal colony soon after birth, were positively and significantly related to subsequent adult survival of the parental cohort from the natal colony. This result held when controlling for the effect of natal colony size and the age composition of the parental cohort. In contrast, colony-specific adult survival of offspring cross-fostered to a site was unrelated to that of their foster parent cohort or to the cohort of non-fostered offspring with whom they were reared. Adult survival at a colony varied inversely with fecundity, as measured by mean brood size, providing evidence for a survival&ndash;fecundity trade-off in this species. The results suggest some heritable variation in adult survival, likely maintained by negative correlations between fitness components. The study provides additional evidence that colonies represent non-random collections of individuals.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/s10682-015-9764-9","usgsCitation":"Brown, C.R., Roche, E.A., and Brown, M.B., 2015, Parent–offspring resemblance in colony-specific adult survival of cliff swallows: Evolutionary Ecology, v. 29, no. 4, p. 537-550, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-015-9764-9.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"537","endPage":"550","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064548","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312841,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -104.150390625,\n              41.07935114946899\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.5244140625,\n              41.07935114946899\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.5244140625,\n              42.84375132629021\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.150390625,\n              42.84375132629021\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.150390625,\n              41.07935114946899\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"567bd3bee4b0a04ef491a20d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Charles R.","contributorId":150842,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":18118,"text":"Dept of Biol Sc, University of Tulsa, OK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roche, Erin A. eroche@usgs.gov","contributorId":5558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roche","given":"Erin","email":"eroche@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, Mary Bomberger","contributorId":150841,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brown","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"Bomberger","affiliations":[{"id":18117,"text":"School of Natl Res, Univ of NE, Lincoln","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70148393,"text":"70148393 - 2015 - Changes in erosion and flooding risk due to long-term and cyclic oceanographic trends","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-20T18:40:17.746941","indexId":"70148393","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-28T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in erosion and flooding risk due to long-term and cyclic oceanographic trends","docAbstract":"<p><span>We assess temporal variations in waves and sea level, which are driving factors for beach erosion and coastal flooding in the northern Gulf of Mexico. We find that long-term trends in the relevant variables have caused an increase of ~30% in the erosion/flooding risk since the 1980s. Changes in the wave climate—which have often been ignored in earlier assessments—were at least as important as sea level rise (SLR). In the next decades, SLR will likely become the dominating driver and may in combination with ongoing changes in the wave climate (and depending on the emission scenario) escalate the erosion/flooding risk by up to 300% over the next 30 years. We also find significant changes in the seasonal cycles of sea level and significant wave height, which have in combination caused a considerable increase of the erosion/flooding risk in summer and decrease in winter relative to long-term trends.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/2015GL063876","usgsCitation":"Wahl, T., and Plant, N.G., 2015, Changes in erosion and flooding risk due to long-term and cyclic oceanographic trends: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 42, no. 8, p. 2943-2950, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL063876.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2943","endPage":"2950","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064781","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":300947,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70147153,"text":"sir20155020 - 2015 - Hexavalent and total chromium at low reporting concentrations in source-water aquifers and surface waters used for public supply in Illinois, 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-28T10:40:57","indexId":"sir20155020","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-28T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5020","title":"Hexavalent and total chromium at low reporting concentrations in source-water aquifers and surface waters used for public supply in Illinois, 2013","docAbstract":"<p>On the basis of their recent review of the human health effects of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] in public drinking water, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is considering the need for Federal regulation of Cr(VI). Presently, only total chromium is regulated, at a Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of 100 micrograms per liter (&micro;g/L). The occurrence of Cr(VI) in groundwater and surface waters generally is attributed to industrial sources, but can be of natural origin. California&rsquo;s recently established MCL for Cr(VI) of 10 &micro;g/L illustrates the drinking-water concerns associated with Cr(VI). To improve understanding of the possible impact of a Cr(VI)-specific standard that approximates the California level on the management of Illinois&rsquo; public drinking water, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency, assessed the occurrence and distribution of Cr(VI) in the State&rsquo;s public-water supplies.</p>\n<p>During 2013, untreated water samples were collected to be analyzed for Cr(VI) and total chromium [Cr(T)] at 119 water-supply wells and 32 surface-water intakes; also, 32 treated surface-water samples were collected near the point of treatment and 32 near the furthest point of distribution. Public-supply sample sites were selected by a stratified random method. Samples typically were analyzed within 24 hours of collection at reporting limits of 0.02 &micro;g/L for Cr(VI) and 0.1 &micro;g/L for Cr(T). The occurrence of Cr(VI) was compared with selected geophysical, physical, and sampling factors that might more fully explain its distribution and magnitude of concentrations.</p>\n<p>The maximum concentration of Cr(VI) in groundwater was 2.1 &micro;g/L. Maximum concentrations in untreated and treated surface water were 0.29 &micro;g/L and 2.4 &micro;g/L, respectively. All sample concentrations were below the California MCL; only 35 percent were below that State&rsquo;s non-enforceable public health goal of 0.02 of &micro;g/L. Cr(VI) was undetected in 43 percent of untreated groundwater samples, with a median of 0.06 &micro;g/L when detected. All but two (94 percent) of untreated surface-water samples had detections. In untreated surface water, the median concentration was 0.09 &micro;g/L, whereas in treated (tap and distributed) water the median was 0.20 &micro;g/L. Surface waters treated with lime for softening typically had the greatest Cr(VI) concentrations (maximum, 2.4 &micro;g/L; median, 1.2 &micro;g/L).</p>\n<p>The maximum concentration of Cr(T) in groundwater was 1.8 &micro;g/L. Maximum concentrations in untreated and treated surface water were 1.8 &micro;g/L and 2.5 &micro;g/L, respectively. All sample concentrations were below the Federal MCL. Total chromium was detected in 65 percent of untreated groundwater samples, with a median of 0.40 &micro;g/L, when detected. All but one (97 percent) of untreated surface-water samples had detections. In untreated surface water, the median concentration was 0.40 &micro;g/L, whereas in treated (tap and distributed) water the median was 0.30 &micro;g/L. As with Cr(VI), surface waters treated with lime typically had the greatest Cr(T) concentrations.</p>\n<p>Examination of factors that might account for or be associated with the occurrence of Cr(VI) in public-supply source waters found few clearly evident factors. Associations in frequencies of occurrence and range of concentrations indicate that surface waters and groundwaters of shallow, unconsolidated, unconfined aquifers, particularly alluvial aquifers, are possibly most commonly affected by anthropogenic sources of Cr(VI). Groundwaters of deep (greater than 500 feet) bedrock aquifers, particularly the Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system, are possibly most commonly affected by geologic sources of Cr(VI). Additional study, with supporting geologic and geochemical data that were not collected in this study, would be necessary to verify these associations.</p>\n<p>There was a weak positive relation (&rho; = 0.23) between concentrations of Cr(VI) and Cr(T) in untreated water samples, with a much stronger positive relation (&rho; = 0.86 and &rho; = 0.90, respectively) in samples collected soon after treatment and near the endpoint of distribution. The stronger relation and greater similarity between Cr(VI) and Cr(T) concentrations in treated water samples indicate that Cr(VI) represents a greater proportion of the measured concentrations of Cr(T) in treated waters than in untreated waters. The analysis of spikes and other quality-assurance samples indicate uncertainties associated with obtaining or confirming consistently accurate analytical results for Cr(VI) at near the applied reporting limit of 0.02 &micro;g/L.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155020","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Mills, P., and Cobb, R.P., 2015, Hexavalent and total chromium at low reporting concentrations in source-water aquifers and surface waters used for public supply in Illinois, 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5020, vi, 72 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155020.","productDescription":"vi, 72 p.","numberOfPages":"82","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2013-01-01","temporalEnd":"2013-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-046297","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science 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,{"id":70147152,"text":"ofr20141210 - 2015 - Assessment of bauxite, clay, and laterite deposits in Afghanistan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-05T09:24:24","indexId":"ofr20141210","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-28T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-1210","title":"Assessment of bauxite, clay, and laterite deposits in Afghanistan","docAbstract":"<p>Bauxite-bearing rocks are present in several regions of Afghanistan; specifically, the southeast segment of the North Afghanistan Platform, the eastern parts of South Afghanistan, and within the Afghanistan-North and -South Pamir Fold Regions. Bauxite-bearing rocks occur at various stratigraphic levels, in lithologically different sequences of sedimentary rocks. The bauxites are paleosols and represent previous, rather than recent, weathering events. Bauxites and bauxite-type horizons are most common at the base of carbonate rock units, where they form the basal horizons of sedimentary rock sequences separated by erosion and stratigraphic unconformity surfaces. Less common are zones in redeposited weathering developed on igneous rocks. At present there are five known stratigraphic intervals with significant bauxite and bauxite-type deposits and occurrences: the lower Permian, the upper Permian, the Upper Triassic, the Lower Jurassic, and the base of the Upper Jurassic.</p>\n<p>This report summarizes a compilation and review of geological data for regions in Afghanistan that contain bauxite deposits and occurrences based on work conducted during 2009 to 2011 by the U.S. Geological Survey, the U.S. Department of Defense Task Force for Business and Stability Operations, and the Afghanistan Geological Survey.</p>\n<p>Permian strata contain bauxites and bauxite-like rocks that are recognizable at various stratigraphic intervals within several areas of southern Afghanistan and in the Central Afghan Massif in central Afghanistan. The main zones of known bauxite occurrences are the Haftqala bauxite zone (late Permian and Late Triassic), Shewa bauxite zone (early Permian), Qarghanaw bauxite zone (late Permian and Late Triassic), Arghandab block in Zabul Province (middle through late Permian), Arghandab block in Ghazni Province (early Permian), Surkhob bauxite zone (Early Jurassic), and Tirin block in Uruzgan, Zabul, and Kandahar Provinces (Late Jurassic).</p>\n<p>Although some bauxite occurrences were sampled in the course of reconnaissance exploration by Soviet workers in the 1960s and 1970s, the bauxite areas in Afghanistan generally are underexplored. The Obatu Sheila area is a known field of bauxite deposits of Late Jurassic age that had been studied in more detail than other known bauxite deposits and occurrences in Afghanistan. Obatu Sheila has an estimated reserve of 7.2 million tons.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20141210","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Afghan Geological Survey under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Defense Task Force for Business and Stability Operations","usgsCitation":"Renaud, K., Wardlaw, B.R., and Hubbard, B.E., 2015, Assessment of bauxite, clay, and laterite deposits in Afghanistan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1210, v, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20141210.","productDescription":"v, 40 p.","numberOfPages":"49","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-050785","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":497,"text":"Office of International 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The remnants of Tropical Storm Ida intensified to become a nor'easter (herein referred to as Nor'Ida). On December 4, 2009, the USGS conducted an oblique aerial photographic survey from Ocean City, Maryland, to Hatteras, North Carolina, aboard a U.S. Coast Guard HH60 helicopter at an altitude of 500 feet (ft) and approximately 1,200 ft offshore. This mission was flown to collect post-Nor'Ida data for assessing incremental changes since the last surveys, flown in 2008 and 2009, and the data can be used in the assessment of future coastal change.</p>\n<p>The images provided in this report are Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) images. Exiftool was used to add the following to the header of each photo: time of collection, Global Positioning System (GPS) latitude, GPS longitude, keywords, credit, artist (photographer), caption, copyright, and contact information. The photograph locations are an estimate of the position of the aircraft and do not indicate the location of any feature in the images. These photographs document the configuration of the barrier islands and other coastal features at the time of the survey.</p>\n<p>Table 1 provides detailed information about the GPS location, name, date, and time each of the 2,381 photographs was taken along with links to each photograph. The photography is organized into segments, also referred to as contact sheets. Each segment represents approximately 5 minutes of flight time.</p>\n<p>In addition to the photographs, a Google Earth Keyhole Markup Language (KML) file is provided and can be used to view the images by clicking on the marker and then clicking on either the thumbnail or the link above the thumbnail. 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,{"id":70128280,"text":"sir20145192 - 2015 - Estimation of monthly water yields and flows for 1951-2012 for the United States portion of the Great Lakes Basin with AFINCH","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-08T12:31:27","indexId":"sir20145192","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-28T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2014-5192","title":"Estimation of monthly water yields and flows for 1951-2012 for the United States portion of the Great Lakes Basin with AFINCH","docAbstract":"<p><span>Monthly water yields from 105,829 catchments and corresponding flows in 107,691 stream segments were estimated for water years 1951&ndash;2012 in the Great Lakes Basin in the United States. Both sets of estimates were computed by using the Analysis of Flows In Networks of CHannels (AFINCH) application within the NHDPlus geospatial data framework. AFINCH provides an environment to develop constrained regression models to integrate monthly streamflow and water-use data with monthly climatic data and fixed basin characteristics data available within NHDPlus or supplied by the user. For this study, the U.S. Great Lakes Basin was partitioned into seven study areas by grouping selected hydrologic subregions and adjoining cataloguing units. This report documents the regression models and data used to estimate monthly water yields and flows in each study area. Estimates of monthly water yields and flows are presented in a Web-based mapper application. Monthly flow time series for individual stream segments can be retrieved from the Web application and used to approximate monthly flow-duration characteristics and to identify possible trends.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20145192","usgsCitation":"Luukkonen, C.L., Holtschlag, D.J., Reeves, H.W., Hoard, C.J., and Fuller, L.M., 2015, Estimation of monthly water yields and flows for 1951-2012 for the United States portion of the Great Lakes Basin with AFINCH: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5192, Report: vii, 83 p.; The Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) Mapper, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20145192.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 83 p.; The Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) 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A total of 2,860 fish were radio tagged during 2002&ndash;2004. Most (97.5%) of the fish tracked upriver to spawning areas displayed continual upriver movements and strong fidelity to the terminal tributaries entered. Movement rates were substantially slower for fish spawning in lower river tributaries (28&ndash;40 km d</span><sup><span>-1</span></sup><span>) compared to upper basin stocks (52&ndash;62 km d</span><sup><span>-1</span></sup><span>). Three distinct migratory patterns were observed, including a gradual decline, pronounced decline, and substantial increase in movement rate as the fish moved upriver. Stocks destined for the same region exhibited similar migratory patterns. Individual fish within a stock showed substantial variation, but tended to reflect the regional pattern. Differences between consistently faster and slower fish explained 74% of the within-stock variation, whereas relative shifts in sequential movement rates between &ldquo;hares&rdquo; (faster fish becoming slower) and &ldquo;tortoises&rdquo; (slow but steady fish) explained 22% of the variation. Pulses of fish moving upriver were not cohesive. Fish tagged over a 4-day period took 16 days to pass a site 872 km upriver. Movement rates were substantially faster and the percentage of atypical movements considerably less than reported in more southerly drainages, but may reflect the pristine conditions within the Yukon River, wild origins of the fish, and discrete run timing of the returns. Movement data can provide numerous insights into the status and management of salmon returns, particularly in large river drainages with widely scattered fisheries where management actions in the lower river potentially impact harvests and escapement farther upstream. However, the substantial variation exhibited among individual fish within a stock can complicate these efforts.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS ONE","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0123127","usgsCitation":"Eiler, J.H., Evans, A., and Schreck, C.B., 2015, Migratory Patterns of Chinook Salmon <i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i> Returning to a Large, Free-flowing River Basin: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 4, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0123127.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057144","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472130,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0123127","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323798,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, Yukon Territory","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -161.89453125,\n              59.84481485969105\n            ],\n            [\n              -165.76171875,\n              62.12443624549497\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.8955078125,\n              66.31986144668052\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.1923828125,\n              67.97463396204759\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.205078125,\n              69.67235784229395\n            ],\n            [\n              -143.8330078125,\n              69.59589006237648\n            ],\n            [\n              -136.58203125,\n              67.60922060496382\n            ],\n            [\n              -137.724609375,\n              66.42553717157787\n            ],\n            [\n              -127.79296875,\n              65.56754970214311\n            ],\n            [\n              -126.826171875,\n              65.5129625532949\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.51953124999999,\n              63.52897054110277\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.541015625,\n              61.01572481397616\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.4091796875,\n              58.92733441827545\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.396484375,\n              59.17592824927136\n            ],\n            [\n              -134.912109375,\n              60.4788788301667\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.064453125,\n              61.10078883158897\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.2939453125,\n              63.450509218001095\n            ],\n            [\n              -161.89453125,\n              59.84481485969105\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5763cdb7e4b07657d19ba785","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eiler, John H.","contributorId":146952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eiler","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, Allison N.","contributorId":64088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Allison N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schreck, Carl B. 0000-0001-8347-1139 carl.schreck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-1139","contributorId":878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreck","given":"Carl","email":"carl.schreck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637223,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70173411,"text":"70173411 - 2015 - Brown Trout removal effects on short-term survival and movement of Myxobolus cerebralis-resistant rainbow trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-16T16:35:55","indexId":"70173411","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Brown Trout removal effects on short-term survival and movement of Myxobolus cerebralis-resistant rainbow trout","docAbstract":"<p><span>Following establishment of&nbsp;</span><i>Myxobolus cerebralis</i><span>&nbsp;(the parasite responsible for salmonid whirling disease) in Colorado, populations of Rainbow Trout&nbsp;</span><i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i><span>experienced significant declines, whereas Brown Trout&nbsp;</span><i>Salmo trutta</i><span>&nbsp;densities increased in many locations across the state, potentially influencing the success of&nbsp;</span><i>M. cerebralis</i><span>-resistant Rainbow Trout reintroductions. We examined the effects of Brown Trout removal on the short-term (3-month) survival and movement of two crosses of reintroduced,&nbsp;</span><i>M. cerebralis</i><span>-resistant Rainbow Trout in the Cache la Poudre River, Colorado. Radio frequency identification passive integrated transponder tags and antennas were used to track movements of wild Brown Trout and stocked Rainbow Trout in reaches where Brown Trout had or had not been removed. Multistate mark&ndash;recapture models were used to estimate tagged fish apparent survival and movement in these sections 3 months following Brown Trout removal. A cross between the German Rainbow Trout and Colorado River Rainbow Trout strains exhibited similar survival and movement probabilities in the reaches, suggesting that the presence of Brown Trout did not affect its survival or movement. However, a cross between the German Rainbow Trout and Harrison Lake Rainbow Trout exhibited less movement from the reach in which Brown Trout had been removed. Despite this, the overall short-term benefits of the removal were equivocal, suggesting that Brown Trout removal may not be beneficial for the reintroduction of Rainbow Trout. Additionally, the logistical constraints of conducting removals in large river systems are substantial and may not be a viable management option in many rivers.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2015.1007166","usgsCitation":"Fetherman, E.R., Winkelman, D.L., Bailey, L., Schisler, G.J., and Davies, K., 2015, Brown Trout removal effects on short-term survival and movement of Myxobolus cerebralis-resistant rainbow trout: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 144, no. 3, p. 610-626, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2015.1007166.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"610","endPage":"626","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060281","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323830,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Cache la Poudre River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -105.73293685913086,\n              40.472154983547576\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.7437515258789,\n              40.4713714599763\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.75542449951172,\n              40.46810668002513\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.765380859375,\n              40.456613392013615\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.78752517700195,\n              40.444726219263586\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.80160140991211,\n              40.43453554052651\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.80743789672852,\n              40.42486603279224\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.8056354522705,\n              40.424277977344246\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.79876899719238,\n              40.430746304509185\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.78349113464355,\n              40.44152546734412\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.75525283813477,\n              40.4611195176856\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.74435234069824,\n              40.46797608552582\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.73473930358887,\n              40.46889024168825\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.73233604431151,\n              40.4713714599763\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.73293685913086,\n              40.472154983547576\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"144","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5763cdb0e4b07657d19ba756","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fetherman, Eric R.","contributorId":15096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fetherman","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winkelman, Dana L. 0000-0002-5247-0114 danaw@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5247-0114","contributorId":4141,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winkelman","given":"Dana","email":"danaw@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bailey, Larissa L.","contributorId":93183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"Larissa L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schisler, George J.","contributorId":32432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schisler","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639465,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Davies, K.","contributorId":172056,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davies","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70143357,"text":"sir20155044 - 2015 - Lithology, hydrologic characteristics, and water quality of the Arkansas River Valley alluvial aquifer in the vicinity of Van Buren, Arkansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-04-27T13:45:09","indexId":"sir20155044","displayToPublicDate":"2015-04-27T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5044","title":"Lithology, hydrologic characteristics, and water quality of the Arkansas River Valley alluvial aquifer in the vicinity of Van Buren, Arkansas","docAbstract":"<p>A study to assess the potential of the Arkansas River Valley alluvial aquifer in the vicinity of Van Buren, Arkansas, as a viable source of public-supply water was conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Little Rock, District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. An important study component was to identify possible changes in hydrologic conditions following installation of James W. Trimble Lock and Dam 13 (December 1969) on the Arkansas River near the study area. Data were gathered for the study in regard to the lithology, hydrologic characteristics, and water quality of the aquifer. Lithologic information was obtained from drillers&rsquo; logs of wells drilled from 1957 through 1959. Water-quality samples were collected from 10 irrigation wells and analyzed for inorganic constituents and pesticides. To evaluate the potential viability of the alluvial aquifer in the Van Buren area, these data were compared to similar stratigraphic, lithologic, and groundwater-quality data from the Arkansas River Valley alluvial aquifer at Dardanelle, Ark., where the aquifer provides a proven, productive, sole-source of public-supply water.</p>\n<p>Drillers&rsquo; logs for 59 wells in the Van Buren study area revealed well depths ranging from 25 to 52 feet (ft), with a mean depth of 42 ft. The thickness of the lower sand/gravel interval serving as the water-producing zone ranged from 5 to 47 ft, with a mean thickness of 29 ft. The presence of gravel was noted in only 4 of 59 well logs available for review from the study area.</p>\n<p>Percent sand was calculated from well logs in the study area, and these sand percentages were overlain onto an orthophotograph map to examine the areal distribution of sand percentage in relation to geomorphologic features of the flood plain in the study area. The logs denoting the greatest percent sand tend to occur in areas near to the river and on the concave (point bar) side of abandoned channels, while the lower percent sand tends to occur on the convex (channel fill and backswamp deposits) side of the abandoned channels.</p>\n<p>Comparison of hydrographs from water levels collected between 1957 and 1972 to cumulative departure from mean monthly and mean annual precipitation showed overall good fit and explained the long-term decreasing water levels from the earliest period of record through October 1967, followed by a sharp rise in water levels concurrent with rises in cumulative departure from mean monthly and mean annual precipitation. Hydrographs for four wells ranging from 0.8 to 4.5 miles upstream from the dam and potentially affected by rising river stage were compared to graphs of river stage and cumulative departure from mean monthly precipitation. Water levels for these wells showed minimal discernible effect by rising river stage following dam completion. Periods of increased precipitation compared closely to increases in water level for all hydrographs, regardless of river stage, and periods of no precipitation resulted in declining water levels, although river stage continued to slowly rise during these same periods.</p>\n<p>The Arkansas River has greater salinity than local groundwater, providing a quantitative tracer for any groundwater recharge originating from the river. Comparison of predam and postdam groundwater-chloride concentrations showed no increase in chloride concentrations after dam installation, which is consistent with hydrologic data. These data suggest that the dominant source of groundwater recharge in the Arkansas River Valley alluvial aquifer is infiltration of precipitation through proximal, coarse channel deposits, with minimal influx of river water.</p>\n<p>Groundwater-quality data collected from 10 wells in the study area indicated a calcium-bicarbonate water type. No primary drinking-water standards were exceeded for any constituents, and iron and manganese were the only constituents exceeding secondary drinking-water regulations. Six of the 10 well-water samples were analyzed for the presence of pesticides, as row-crop agriculture is the dominant land use in the study area. Six herbicide compounds and one herbicide metabolite were detected at concentrations substantially below those of the Federal primary drinking-water standards and health advisories.</p>\n<p>The hydrologic and geochemical data gathered for this study provide a qualitative assessment of the potential of the Arkansas River Valley alluvial aquifer as a source of public water supply in the Van Buren area. Results indicate minimal influx of water from the Arkansas River, and recharge to the aquifer appears to be dominantly by infiltration of precipitation through overlying alluvium. If vertical wells are used as a source of public water supply, then several wells will have to be used in combination at relatively low pumping rates and placed in areas with a greater percent sand. Use of a horizontal well configuration near the river to increase production may depend on infiltration of river water to supplement water removed from storage, especially where areas of lower permeability sediments might be encountered within the surrounding alluvium. If a poor hydraulic connection exists between the river and the alluvium, as indicated by this study, then production will depend on ample precipitation and recharge throughout the year and groundwater storage sufficient to prevent declining water levels where pumping rates exceed recharge.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155044","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Little Rock District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Little Rock, Arkansas","usgsCitation":"Kresse, T.M., Westerman, D.A., and Hart, R.M., 2015, Lithology, hydrologic characteristics, and water quality of the Arkansas River Valley alluvial aquifer in the vicinity of Van Buren, Arkansas: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5044, Report:iv, 26 p.; Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155044.","productDescription":"Report:iv, 26 p.; Appendix","startPage":"26","numberOfPages":"33","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-054910","costCenters":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":299897,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155044.jpg"},{"id":299896,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5044/downloads/sir2015-5044_app1.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1","size":"35.6 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Appendix 1","linkHelpText":"This is an electronic copy of Appendix 1."},{"id":299893,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5044/"},{"id":299895,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5044/pdf/sir2015-5044.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.46 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"Arkansas River 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A. 0000-0002-8522-776X dawester@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8522-776X","contributorId":4526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Westerman","given":"Drew","email":"dawester@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":545629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hart, Rheannon M. 0000-0003-4657-5945 rmhart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4657-5945","contributorId":5516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Rheannon","email":"rmhart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":129,"text":"Arkansas Water Science 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