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Ti oxides ± orthopyroxene, as well as olivine in lavas with >6 wt% MgO.Recent climate change should result in expansion of species to northern or high elevation range margins, and contraction at southern and low elevation margins in the northern hemisphere, because of local extirpations or range shifts or both. We combined museum occurrence records from both the continental U.S. and Mexico with a new eco-physiological model of extinction developed for lizard families of the world to predict the distributions of 30 desert-endemic reptile and amphibian species under climate change scenarios. The model predicts that 38 % of local populations will go extinct in the next 50 years, across all 30 species. However, extinctions may be attenuated in forested sites and by the presence of montane environments in contemporary ranges. Of the 30 species, three were at very high risk of extinction as a result of their thermal limits being exceeded, which illustrates the predictive value of ecophysiological modeling approaches for conservation studies. In tandem with global strategies of limiting CO2 emissions, we propose urgent regional management strategies for existing and new reserves that are targeted at three species: Barred Tiger Salamander (Ambystomatidae: Ambystoma mavortium stebbinsi), Desert Short-horned Lizard (Phrynosomatidae: Phrynosoma ornatissimum), and Morafka's Desert Tortoise (Testudinidae: Gopherus morafkai), which face a high risk of extinction by 2070. These strategies focus on assisted migration and preservation within climatic refugia, such as high-elevation and forested habitats. We forecast where new reserves should be established by merging our model of extinction risk with gap analysis. We also highlight that acclimation (i.e., phenotypic plasticity) could ameliorate risk of extinction but is rarely included in ecophysiological models. We use Ambystoma salamanders to show how acclimation can be incorporated into such models of extinction risk.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168431","usgsCitation":"Sinervo, B., Lara Resendiz, R.A., Miles, D.B., Lovich, J.E., Rosen, P., Gadsden, H., Castenada Gaytan, G., Galina Tessaro, P., Luja, V.H., Huey, R.B., Whipple, A., Sanchez Cordero, V., Rohr, J.B., Caetano, G., Santos, J., , S., and Mendez de la Cruz, F.R., 2024, Climate change and collapsing thermal niches of desert reptiles and amphibians: Assisted migration and acclimation rescue from extirpation: Science of the Total Environment, v. 908, 168431, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168431.","productDescription":"168431, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-093986","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489150,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168431","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":424132,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -129.37303556245814,\n 53.14080455904667\n ],\n [\n -129.37303556245814,\n 6.349090305167309\n ],\n [\n -60.818348062458284,\n 6.349090305167309\n ],\n [\n -60.818348062458284,\n 53.14080455904667\n ],\n [\n -129.37303556245814,\n 53.14080455904667\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"908","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sinervo, Bary","contributorId":332952,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sinervo","given":"Bary","affiliations":[{"id":79698,"text":"(deceased) The Institute for the Study of the Ecological and Evolutionary Climate Impacts, University of California, and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lara Resendiz, Rafael A.","contributorId":211744,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lara Resendiz","given":"Rafael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":891507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miles, Donald B.","contributorId":211745,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miles","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":891508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lovich, Jeffrey E. 0000-0002-7789-2831 jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7789-2831","contributorId":458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovich","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jeffrey_lovich@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":891509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rosen, Philip C.","contributorId":332953,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosen","given":"Philip C.","affiliations":[{"id":79699,"text":"School of Natural Resources & the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ, 85721, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gadsden, Hector","contributorId":211754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gadsden","given":"Hector","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":891511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Castenada Gaytan, Gamaliel","contributorId":211755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Castenada Gaytan","given":"Gamaliel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":891512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Galina Tessaro, Patricia","contributorId":332954,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Galina Tessaro","given":"Patricia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":79700,"text":"Centro de investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":891513,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Luja, Victor H.","contributorId":332955,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luja","given":"Victor","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":79701,"text":"Coordinación de Investigación y Posgrado, Unidad Académica de Turismo, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Ciudad de la Cultura S/N. 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REE are sequestered in the Fe–Al–Mn-rich precipitates produced during the treatment of AMD. These AMD solids are typically managed as waste but could be a REE source. Here, results from AMD solids characterization and geochemical modeling are presented to determine the minerals/solid phases that are enriched in REE and identify the mechanism(s) of REE attenuation.
AMD solids collected from limestone-based AMD treatment systems were subjected to sequential extraction and synchrotron microprobe analyses to characterize the binding nature of the REE. The results of these analyses indicated REEs were mainly associated with Al or Mn phases. Only selected REE (Gd, Dy) were associated with Fe phases, which were less abundant than Al and Mn phases in analyzed samples. The sequential extractions demonstrated that acidic and/or reducing extractions effectively mobilize REE from the AMD solids evaluated. The observed element associations in solids are consistent with geochemical model results that indicate dissolved REE can be effectively attenuated by adsorption on freshly precipitated Fe, Al, and Mn oxides/hydroxides. The model, which simulates dissolution of CaCO3 and the precipitation of Fe, Al, and Mn oxides with increased pH, accurately predicts the pH dependent accumulation of dissolved REE with Al, Mn, and Fe oxides/hydroxides in the studied AMD treatment systems.
The methods and results presented here can be used to identify conditions favorable for accumulation of REE-enriched AMD solids and possible passive or active treatment(s) to extract REE from AMD. This information can be used to design AMD treatment systems for the recovery of REE and is an opportunity to transform the challenges of addressing polluted mine drainage into an environmental and economic asset.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140475","usgsCitation":"Hedin, B.C., Stuckman, M.Y., Cravotta, C., Lopano, C.L., and Capo, R.C., 2024, Determination and prediction of micro scale rare earth element geochemical associations in mine drainage treatment wastes: Chemosphere, v. 346, 140475, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140475.","productDescription":"140475, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-137193","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489750,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140475","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":422569,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Nittany Mine","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.6915588455888,\n 40.889264939825125\n ],\n [\n -77.74043119099201,\n 40.86094174296804\n ],\n [\n -77.76765728174179,\n 40.8412333674774\n ],\n [\n -77.806008011722,\n 40.8139863010457\n ],\n [\n -77.81186308500129,\n 40.80423666433518\n ],\n [\n -77.7945906188272,\n 40.797588363458004\n ],\n [\n -77.72608626145784,\n 40.827278951555826\n ],\n [\n -77.6259835482281,\n 40.88501500745158\n ],\n [\n -77.61175523964981,\n 40.91694573774306\n ],\n [\n -77.56568336000083,\n 40.94503305030968\n ],\n [\n -77.53959683505036,\n 40.95713104925308\n ],\n [\n -77.52375526404049,\n 40.97219126469736\n ],\n [\n -77.47335590562307,\n 40.99651435095521\n ],\n [\n -77.41329248330241,\n 41.02274875679197\n ],\n [\n -77.38564576674825,\n 41.03286503303716\n ],\n [\n -77.3523714117554,\n 41.03731590539665\n ],\n [\n -77.32765895019021,\n 41.050390091453885\n ],\n [\n -77.33988744578423,\n 41.06244026346151\n ],\n [\n -77.35333489791346,\n 41.07826568733469\n ],\n [\n -77.39674411075902,\n 41.07338314150051\n ],\n [\n -77.44282724193602,\n 41.04780222383839\n ],\n [\n -77.50746965664622,\n 41.00984589551416\n ],\n [\n -77.58390869858836,\n 40.96541159571884\n ],\n [\n -77.64100379266768,\n 40.93550538517805\n ],\n [\n -77.66161289883395,\n 40.91141991096799\n ],\n [\n -77.6915588455888,\n 40.889264939825125\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"346","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hedin, Benjamin C.","contributorId":331535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hedin","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":79234,"text":"Hedin Environmental, Inc., 195 Castle Shannon Blvd., Pittsburgh, PA 15228","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stuckman, Mengling Y.","contributorId":331536,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stuckman","given":"Mengling","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[{"id":79236,"text":"National Energy Technology Laboratory, US Department of Energy, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15236","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cravotta, Charles A. III 0000-0003-3116-4684","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3116-4684","contributorId":258816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cravotta","given":"Charles A.","suffix":"III","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":887997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lopano, Christina L.","contributorId":331537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lopano","given":"Christina","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":79236,"text":"National Energy Technology Laboratory, US Department of Energy, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15236","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887998,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Capo, Rosemary C.","contributorId":331538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Capo","given":"Rosemary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":79237,"text":"Department of Geology and Environmental Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":887999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70265541,"text":"70265541 - 2024 - Detection and quantification of preferential flow using artificial rainfall with multiple experimental approaches","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-14T14:59:19.60552","indexId":"70265541","displayToPublicDate":"2023-11-08T07:53:35","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detection and quantification of preferential flow using artificial rainfall with multiple experimental approaches","docAbstract":"Preferential flow in the unsaturated zone strongly influences important hydrologic processes, such as infiltration, contaminant transport, and aquifer recharge. Because it entails various combinations of physical processes arising from the interactions of water, air, and solid particles in a porous medium, preferential flow is highly complex. Major research is needed to improve the ability to understand, quantify, model, and predict preferential flow. Toward a solution, a combination of diverse experimental measurements at multiple scales, from laboratory scale to mesoscale, has been implemented to detect and quantify preferential paths in carbonate and karstic unsaturated zones. This involves integration of information from (1) core samples, by means of mercury intrusion porosimeter, evaporation, quasi-steady centrifuge and dewpoint potentiometer laboratory methods, to investigate the effect of pore-size distribution on hydraulic characteristics and the potential activation of preferential flow, (2) field plot experiments with artificial sprinkling, to visualize preferential pathways related to secondary porosity, through use of geophysical measurements, and (3) mesoscale evaluation of field data through episodic master recession modeling of episodic recharge. This study demonstrates that preferential flow processes operate from core scale to two different field scales and impact on the qualitative and quantitative groundwater status, by entailing fast flow with subsequent effects on recharge rate and contaminant mobilizing. The presented results represent a rare example of preferential flow detection and numerical modeling by reducing underestimation of the recharge and contamination risks.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/s10040-023-02733-3","usgsCitation":"Caputo, M.C., De Carlo, L., Masciale, R., Perkins, K., Turturro, A., and Nimmo, J.R., 2024, Detection and quantification of preferential flow using artificial rainfall with multiple experimental approaches: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 32, p. 467-485, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-023-02733-3.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"467","endPage":"485","ipdsId":"IP-154640","costCenters":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488207,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-023-02733-3","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":484496,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Italy","city":"Bari","otherGeospatial":"Apulia Region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 16.69243585627035,\n 41.22008353121049\n ],\n [\n 16.723263851427802,\n 41.048118236977714\n ],\n [\n 17.078664904300638,\n 40.82955430051331\n ],\n [\n 18.547099758451623,\n 40.035404755129974\n ],\n [\n 18.558702660409736,\n 40.23218241073464\n ],\n [\n 18.044813946689686,\n 40.80608860459688\n ],\n [\n 16.69243585627035,\n 41.22008353121049\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"32","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Caputo, Maria Clementina","contributorId":298645,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caputo","given":"Maria","email":"","middleInitial":"Clementina","affiliations":[{"id":64641,"text":"CNR-IRSA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"De Carlo, Lorenzo","contributorId":298644,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"De Carlo","given":"Lorenzo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":64641,"text":"CNR-IRSA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Masciale, Rita","contributorId":353110,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Masciale","given":"Rita","affiliations":[{"id":64641,"text":"CNR-IRSA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Perkins, Kimberlie 0000-0001-8349-447X kperkins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-447X","contributorId":138544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perkins","given":"Kimberlie","email":"kperkins@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":932987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Turturro, Antonietta Celeste","contributorId":353112,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Turturro","given":"Antonietta Celeste","affiliations":[{"id":64641,"text":"CNR-IRSA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":932988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nimmo, John R. 0000-0001-8191-1727 jrnimmo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"John","email":"jrnimmo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":932989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70263548,"text":"70263548 - 2024 - A population-based performance evaluation of the ShakeAlert earthquake early warning system for M 9 megathrust earthquakes in the Pacific Northwest, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-13T16:07:15.089193","indexId":"70263548","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-31T10:03:29","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A population-based performance evaluation of the ShakeAlert earthquake early warning system for M 9 megathrust earthquakes in the Pacific Northwest, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"We evaluate the potential performance of the ShakeAlert earthquake early warning system for M 9 megathrust earthquakes in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) using synthetic seismograms from 30 simulated M 9 earthquake scenarios on the Cascadia subduction zone. The timeliness and accuracy of source estimates and effectiveness of ShakeAlert alert contours are evaluated with a station‐based alert classification scheme using an alert threshold equal to the target threshold. We develop a population‐based alert classification method by aligning a population grid with Voronoi diagrams computed from the station locations for each scenario. Using raster statistics, we estimate the PNW population that would receive timely accurate alerts during an offshore M 9 earthquake. We also examine the range of expected warning times with respect to the spatial distribution of the population. Results show that most of the population in our evaluation region could receive alerts with positive warning times for an alert threshold of modified Mercalli intensity (MMI) III, but that late and missed alerts increase because the alert threshold is increased. An average of just under 60% of the population would be alerted for MMI V prior to the arrival of threshold level shaking. Large regions of late and missed alerts for thresholds MMI IV and V are caused by delays in alert updates, inaccurate FinDer source estimates, and undersized alert contours due to magnitude underestimation. We also investigate an alerting strategy where ShakeAlert sends out an alert to the entire evaluation region when the system detects at least an M 8 earthquake along the coast. Because large magnitude offshore earthquakes are rare in Cascadia, overalerting is most likely to occur from an overestimated M 7+ on the Gorda plate. With appropriate criteria to minimize overalerting, this strategy may eliminate all missed and late alerts except at sites close to the epicenter.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120230055","usgsCitation":"Thompson, M., Hartog, J.R., and Wirth, E.A., 2024, A population-based performance evaluation of the ShakeAlert earthquake early warning system for M 9 megathrust earthquakes in the Pacific Northwest, U.S.A.: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 114, no. 2, p. 1103-1123, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120230055.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1103","endPage":"1123","ipdsId":"IP-151213","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482032,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.30115682647909,\n 49.02650372461315\n ],\n [\n -124.96091935412448,\n 49.02650372461315\n ],\n [\n -124.96091935412448,\n 38.79852793406258\n ],\n [\n -120.30115682647909,\n 38.79852793406258\n ],\n [\n -120.30115682647909,\n 49.02650372461315\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"114","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thompson, Mika","contributorId":245851,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"Mika","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hartog, J. Renate","contributorId":171724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hartog","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Renate","affiliations":[{"id":6934,"text":"University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wirth, Erin A. 0000-0002-8592-4442","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8592-4442","contributorId":207853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wirth","given":"Erin","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70251209,"text":"70251209 - 2024 - The inevitability of large shallow craters on Callisto and Ganymede: Implications for crater depth-diameter trends","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-29T12:40:51.426987","indexId":"70251209","displayToPublicDate":"2023-10-02T06:35:20","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The inevitability of large shallow craters on Callisto and Ganymede: Implications for crater depth-diameter trends","docAbstract":"Complex craters with diameters (D) ≥ 40 km on Callisto and Ganymede are shallower than would be expected from simply extrapolating the depth-diameter trend from smaller (D ≤ 40 km) craters. This unusual depth-diameter (d-D) trend, and associated changes in crater morphology, have been hypothesized to result from rheological transitions, including the existence of an ocean, within the moons' ice shell. Simulations of impact crater formation can reproduce the observed shallow depths but require heat fluxes roughly twice the maximum radiogenic flux to do so. Here we demonstrate that the d-D trends on Callisto and Ganymede can instead be explained as a direct consequence of viscous relaxation under radiogenic heating. We use numerical simulations of viscous relaxation to show that if craters form at the depth expected from an extrapolation of the complex crater d-D trend, they will evolve to the observed depths over timescales of 200 Myrs to 1 Gyrs. Large craters (e.g., D ≥ 80 km) younger than 200 Myrs, which would retain greater depths, should be relatively rare. If we instead assume that the craters formed at their observed depths, as proposed by previous impact modeling, they quickly become much shallower than observed. We find excellent agreement between observed crater depths on Ganymede and our simulated crater depths by assuming a pure-water ice composition and a diurnally averaged surface temperature of 120 K, but require either larger-grained or “dirty” ice with a modestly higher viscosity to match observations at Callisto, where the surface temperature is warmer (130 K). We favor the latter explanation because it is consistent with the existence of a dusty lag on Callisto's surface and the absence of a similar lag on Ganymede. Our results predict that, for a given crater diameter, post-relaxation crater depth should increase with increasing latitude, a hypothesis best tested on Callisto, whose relatively quiescent geologic history best preserves the signature of viscous relaxation under radiogenic heating.
The fundamental goal of a rare plant translocation is to create self-sustaining populations with the evolutionary resilience to persist in the long-term. Yet most plant translocation syntheses focus on a few factors influencing short-term benchmarks of success (e.g., survival and reproduction). Short-term benchmarks can be misleading when trying to infer future growth and viability because the factors that promote establishment may differ from those required for long-term persistence. We assembled a large (n = 275) and broadly representative dataset of well-documented and monitored (7.9 years on average) at-risk plant translocations to identify the most important site attributes, management techniques, and species traits for six life-cycle benchmarks and population metrics of translocation success. Using the random forest algorithm, we found that drivers of translocation outcomes varied across timeframes and metrics of success. Management techniques had the greatest relative influence on the attainment of life-cycle benchmarks and short-term population trends while site attributes and species traits were more important for population persistence and longer-term trends. Specifically, large founder sizes increased the potential for reproduction and recruitment into the next generation, while declining habitat quality and the outplanting of species with low seed production led to increased extinction risks and a reduction in potential reproductive output in the long-term, respectively. We also detected novel interactions between some of the most important drivers, such as an increased probability of next-generation recruitment in species with greater seed production rates, but only when coupled with large founder sizes. Since most significant barriers to plant translocation success can be overcome by improving techniques or resolving site-level issues through early intervention and management, we suggest that by combining long-term monitoring with adaptive management, translocation programs can enhance the prospects of achieving long-term success.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Conservation Biology","doi":"10.1111/cobi.14190","usgsCitation":"Bellis, J., Osazuwa-Peters, O.L., Maschinski, J., Keir, M.J., Parsons, E.W., Kaye, T., Kunz, M., Possley, J., Menges, E., Smith, S.A., Roth, D., Brewer, D., Brumback, W.E., Lange, J.J., Niederer, C., Turner-Skoff, J.B., Bontrager, M., Braham, R., Coppoletta, M., Holl, K., Williamson, P., Bell, T.J., Jonas, J., McEachern, K., Robertson, K.L., Birnbaum, S.J., Dattilo, A., Dollard, J.J., Fant, J., Kishida, W., Lesica, P., Link, S.O., Pavlovic, N., Poole, J., Reemts, C.M., Stiling, P., Taylor, D.D., Titus, J.H., Titus, P.J., Adkins, E.D., Chambers, T., Paschke, M.W., Heinman, K.D., and Albrecht, M.A., 2024, Identifying predictors of translocation success in rare plant species: Conservation Biology, v. 38, no. 2, e14190, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.14190.","productDescription":"e14190, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-153276","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological 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Kearney","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":885839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"McEachern, Kathryn 0000-0003-2631-8247 kathryn_mceachern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2631-8247","contributorId":146324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McEachern","given":"Kathryn","email":"kathryn_mceachern@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":885840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Robertson, Kathy L.","contributorId":330772,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robertson","given":"Kathy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":885841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Birnbaum, Sandra 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University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":885858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":42},{"text":"Heinman, Katherine D.","contributorId":330788,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heinman","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":79019,"text":"Center for Plant Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":885859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":43},{"text":"Albrecht, Matthew A. 0000-0002-1079-1630","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1079-1630","contributorId":213559,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Albrecht","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":38790,"text":"Missouri Botanical Garden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":885860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":44}]}} ,{"id":70249372,"text":"70249372 - 2024 - Long-term trends of local bird populations based on monitoring schemes: Are they suitable for justifying management measures?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-26T14:25:25.119235","indexId":"70249372","displayToPublicDate":"2023-09-25T06:47:17","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2409,"text":"Journal of Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term trends of local bird populations based on monitoring schemes: Are they suitable for justifying management measures?","docAbstract":"Local biodiversity monitoring is important to assess the effects of global change, but also to evaluate the performance of landscape and wildlife protection, since large-scale assessments may buffer local fluctuations, rare species tend to be underrepresented, and management actions are usually implemented on local scales. We estimated population trends of 58 bird species using open-population N-mixture models based on count data in two localities in southeastern Spain, which have been collected according to a citizen science monitoring program (SACRE, Monitoring Common Breeding Birds in Spain) over 21 and 15 years, respectively. We performed different abundance models for each species and study area, accounting for imperfect detection of individuals in replicated counts. After selecting the best models for each species and study area, empirical Bayes methods were used for estimating abundances, which allowed us to calculate population growth rates (λ) and finally population trends. We also compared the two local population trends and related them with national and European trends, and species functional traits (phenological status, dietary, and habitat specialization characteristics). Our results showed increasing trends for most species, but a weak correlation between populations of the same species from both study areas. In general, local population trends were consistent with the trends observed at national and continental scales, although contrasting patterns exist for several species, mainly with increasing local trends and decreasing Spanish and European trends. Moreover, we found no evidence of a relationship between population trends and species traits. We conclude that using open-population N-mixture models is an appropriate method to estimate population trends, and that citizen science-based monitoring schemes can be a source of data for such analyses. This modeling approach can help managers to assess the effectiveness of their actions at the local level in the context of global change.
Spring-fed wetlands within arid and semiarid systems are hotspots for endemism and distribution of rare plants. Interactions among groundwater and the geomorphic and climatic features of the setting control the abiotic conditions, particularly soil salinity and moisture, that support these plants. However, water uncertainty and land use change challenge the persistence of conditions necessary to support rare plant communities. Wetland management can be implemented to sustain abiotic processes that support rare plant communities, but key information is needed to guide management practices. In this study, we evaluate the relationships of rare plants to abiotic conditions in a managed spring-fed arid wetland. Soil salinity and moisture conditions were monitored and related to the presence and abundance of rare plants within management units. Soil salinity and moisture variability were related to groundwater dynamics near springs, but wetland management influenced variability in seasonally flooded areas. Permanently saturated conditions and low soil salinities during the spring season supported higher plant diversity and the presence and greater abundance of rare plants. Rare plant presence and abundance were negatively related to low soil moisture, particularly in the summer. Results indicate that increases in soil salinity during the early establishment of plants may affect their distribution and abundance, an important management consideration in arid landscapes and hydrologically altered systems. Our findings inform the restoration and management of rare plant communities and contribute to the management of spring-fed arid wetlands.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/rec.14011","usgsCitation":"Cantu de Leija, A., and King, S.L., 2024, Relationships among rare plant communities and abiotic conditions in managed spring-fed arid wetlands: Restoration Ecology, v. 32, no. 6, e14011, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.14011.","productDescription":"e14011, 15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-149609","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499291,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.14011","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":432950,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Chavez County","otherGeospatial":"Bitter Lake National wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.36484598013773,\n 33.516209003994106\n ],\n [\n -104.440890439482,\n 33.51572504071022\n ],\n [\n -104.44147093153808,\n 33.40385436306539\n ],\n [\n -104.36542647219379,\n 33.40385436306539\n ],\n [\n -104.36484598013773,\n 33.516209003994106\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"32","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cantu de Leija, Antonio","contributorId":341010,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cantu de Leija","given":"Antonio","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":907794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, Sammy L. 0000-0002-5364-6361 sking@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5364-6361","contributorId":557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Sammy","email":"sking@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":907795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70259156,"text":"70259156 - 2024 - Grassland Effectiveness Monitoring (GEM): A tiered approach for habitat treatment assessment across private lands incentive programs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-03T16:20:49.243378","indexId":"70259156","displayToPublicDate":"2023-09-02T06:48:23","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Grassland Effectiveness Monitoring (GEM): A tiered approach for habitat treatment assessment across private lands incentive programs","docAbstract":"Introduction The decline of North American grasslands is a topic of increasing interest as agencies and organizations work to address subsequent declines in wildlife species, including grassland birds (Rosenberg et al. 2019), pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) (Gedir et al. 2015), and other grassland-dependent taxa. In response to grassland habitat loss, conservation programs and policies have been developed to provide biologists and landowners mechanisms to restore grassland habitat on private lands. These range from federal programs such as the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s (USFWS) Partners for Fish and Wildlife program (PFW) and the Natural Resources Conservation Service’s (NRCS) Environmental Quality Incentive Program, state programs such as Texas Parks and Wildlife Department’s Pastures for Upland Birds, and partnership-based programs such as the Oaks and Prairies Joint Venture’s Grassland Restoration Incentive Program (GRIP). When managing and restoring grassland habitat, these programs typically utilize the same set of practices: prescribed grazing, prescribed fire, herbicide, brush management, and range planting. To restore grasslands at scale, large sums of funding have been invested into these programs. For example, approximately $1 million is spent by PFW in Texas annually (D. Wilhelm, USFWS, personal communication). However, it is rare for these conservation programs to have associated monitoring efforts that are consistently used to assess the effectiveness of the aforementioned practices in achieving program and project objectives. As such, it is difficult to communicate to funders and the public whether these conservation programs are successfully addressing grassland decline. Similar objectives and practices across programs, however, provide a unique opportunity for developing an innovative monitoring methodology that focuses on providing a collaborative solution to this dilemma. Our objective is to develop a grassland monitoring program that can be used across agencies, organizations, and conservation programs to assess the effectiveness of practices and programs in restoring healthy grasslands. In addition, we seek to develop a program that maintains consistency to allow for regional to national-scale reporting while also allowing flexibility for achieving local and partner monitoring objectives. Our vision is for this program to be used across North American grasslands to improve our ability to address the questions: “Is it actually working?” and “How can we improve habitat delivery?”
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"America's Grasslands Conference: Reconnecting America's Grasslands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"6th Biennial Conference on the Conservation of America’s Grasslands","conferenceDate":"August 8-10, 2023","conferenceLocation":"Cheyenne, Wyoming","language":"English","publisher":"National Wildlife Federation","collaboration":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, American Bird Conservancy","usgsCitation":"Matthews, A.M., Rylander, R.J., Bunting, D., Duniway, M.C., Giocomo, J.J., Knight, A.C., Leiva, A., Perez, R.M., Stonehouse, K., Wiley, D., and Wilhelm, D., 2024, Grassland Effectiveness Monitoring (GEM): A tiered approach for habitat treatment assessment across private lands incentive programs, in America's Grasslands Conference: Reconnecting America's Grasslands, Cheyenne, Wyoming, August 8-10, 2023, p. 5-10.","productDescription":"6 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J.","contributorId":344623,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rylander","given":"Rebekah","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17929,"text":"American Bird Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bunting, Daniel","contributorId":245870,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bunting","given":"Daniel","affiliations":[{"id":49355,"text":"Harris Environmental, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Duniway, Michael C. 0000-0002-9643-2785 mduniway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9643-2785","contributorId":4212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duniway","given":"Michael","email":"mduniway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Giocomo, James J.","contributorId":344625,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Giocomo","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17929,"text":"American Bird Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Knight, Anna C. 0000-0002-9455-2855","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9455-2855","contributorId":255113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knight","given":"Anna","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":914351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Leiva, Adriana","contributorId":344626,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leiva","given":"Adriana","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Perez, Robert M.","contributorId":344628,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perez","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17929,"text":"American Bird Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Stonehouse, Kourtney","contributorId":344630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stonehouse","given":"Kourtney","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Wiley, Derek","contributorId":344631,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wiley","given":"Derek","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27442,"text":"Texas parks and Wildlife Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wilhelm, Don","contributorId":344635,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilhelm","given":"Don","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":914356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70255235,"text":"70255235 - 2024 - Evaluating risks associated with capture and handling of mule deer for individual-based, long-term research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-17T14:57:07.247278","indexId":"70255235","displayToPublicDate":"2022-11-29T09:30:54","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating risks associated with capture and handling of mule deer for individual-based, long-term research","docAbstract":"Capture and handling techniques for individual-based, long-term research that tracks the life history of animals by recapturing the same individuals for several years has vastly improved study inferences and our understanding of animal ecology. Yet there are corresponding risks to study animals associated with physical trauma or capture myopathy that can occur during or following capture events. Rarely has empirical evidence existed to guide decisions associated with understanding the magnitude of capture-related risks, how to reduce these risks when possible, and implications for mortality censoring and survival estimates. We used data collected from 2,399 capture events of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) via helicopter net-gunning to compare daily survival probabilities within a 10-week period centered on a capture event and evaluated how animal age, nutritional condition (body fat), and various handling methods influenced survival before, during, and following a capture event. Direct mortality resulting from capture efforts was 1.59%. Mean daily survival was 0.9993 ± 0.0001 (SE) during the 5-week pre-capture window, was depressed the day of capture at 0.9841 ± 0.0004, and rebounded to 0.9990 ± 0.0008 during the 5-week post-capture window. Neither capture nor handling had a detectable effect on post-capture survival, including handling time (x̄ = 13.30 ± 1.87 min), capture time of year (i.e., Dec or Mar), tooth extraction, and the number of times an animal had been recaptured (2–17 times). Although mortality rate was slightly elevated during capture (resulting from physical trauma associated with capture), age and nutritional condition did not influence the probability of mortality during a capture event. Following a capture event, nutritional condition influenced survival; however, that relationship was consistent with expected effects of nutritional condition on winter survival and independent of capture and handling. Overall survival rates 5 weeks before capture and 5 weeks after capture were not different. A specified window of time with depressed survival following capture and handling was not evident, which contradicts the implementation of a predetermined window often used by researchers and managers for censoring mortalities that occur after capture. Previous notions that censorship of all mortality data in the 2 weeks following capture is unwarranted and risks removal of meaningful data. With previous evidence guiding our protocols for capture (e.g., reduced chase time) and handling (e.g., temperature mitigation), low direct mortality and almost undetectable indirect mortality post capture reinforces the efficacy of helicopter net-gunning for capture and recapture of mule deer in long-term, individual-based studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.22333","usgsCitation":"LaSharr, T.N., Dwinnell, S., Wagler, B.L., Sawyer, H., Jakopak, R.P., Ortega, A.C., Wilde, L.R., Kauffman, M., Huggler, K.S., Burke, P.W., Valdez, M., Lionberger, P., Brimeyer, D.G., Scurlock, B., Randall, J., Kaiser, R.C., Thonhoff, M., Fralick, G., and Monteith, K., 2024, Evaluating risks associated with capture and handling of mule deer for individual-based, long-term research: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 87, no. 1, e22333, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.22333.","productDescription":"e22333, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-144184","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441298,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.22333","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":430276,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.99857839242031,\n 43.35162132299823\n ],\n [\n -110.99857839242031,\n 41.029189561534366\n ],\n [\n -106.52720038040134,\n 41.029189561534366\n ],\n [\n -106.52720038040134,\n 43.35162132299823\n ],\n [\n -110.99857839242031,\n 43.35162132299823\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"87","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LaSharr, Tayler N.","contributorId":339084,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaSharr","given":"Tayler","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dwinnell, Samantha P. 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H.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wagler, Brittany L.","contributorId":339089,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wagler","given":"Brittany","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sawyer, Hall","contributorId":339092,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sawyer","given":"Hall","affiliations":[{"id":38051,"text":"Western EcoSystems Technology, Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jakopak, Rhiannon 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0000-0003-0127-3900","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0127-3900","contributorId":202921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Matthew","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":903799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Huggler, Katey S.","contributorId":339104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huggler","given":"Katey","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Burke, Patrick W.","contributorId":339107,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burke","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land 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G.","contributorId":20637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brimeyer","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":903804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Scurlock, Brandon","contributorId":339118,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scurlock","given":"Brandon","affiliations":[{"id":36596,"text":"Wyoming Game and Fish Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Randall, Jill E.","contributorId":339122,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Randall","given":"Jill","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":36596,"text":"Wyoming Game and Fish Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Kaiser, Rusty C.","contributorId":339124,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kaiser","given":"Rusty","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":40027,"text":"United States Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Thonhoff, Mark","contributorId":339127,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thonhoff","given":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Fralick, Gary L.","contributorId":339130,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fralick","given":"Gary L.","affiliations":[{"id":36596,"text":"Wyoming Game and Fish Department","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Monteith, Kevin L.","contributorId":339133,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Monteith","given":"Kevin L.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19}]}} ,{"id":70254960,"text":"70254960 - 2024 - Deltamethrin reduces survival of non-target small mammals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-11T16:52:25.773923","indexId":"70254960","displayToPublicDate":"2022-05-25T11:40:38","publicationYear":"2024","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3777,"text":"Wildlife Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deltamethrin reduces survival of non-target small mammals","docAbstract":"Context: Vector-borne diseases have caused global pandemics and were responsible for more human deaths than all other causes combined in prior centuries. In the past 60 years, prevention and control programs have helped reduce human mortality from vector-borne diseases, but impacts of those control programs on wildlife populations are not well documented. Insecticides are used to reduce vector-borne diseases in several critically endangered animal populations. Although insecticides are often effective at controlling targeted vectors, their effects on non-target species have rarely been examined.
Aims: To evaluate the impact of deltamethrin (an insecticide) on sympatric non-target species in areas affected by sylvatic plague, a lethal flea-borne zoonosis.
Methods: We compared flea control and the effect of deltamethrin application on survival of non-target small mammals (Peromyscus maniculatus, Chaetodipus hispidus, Microtus spp., and Reithrodontomys megalotis) at three study locations in South Dakota, Colorado, and Idaho, USA.
Key results: Deltamethrin treatments were more effective in reducing fleas on P. maniculatus and Microtus spp. than C. hispidus. Following burrow, nest, and bait-station applications of deltamethrin dust, apparent small mammal survival was greater for non-treatment animals than for flea-reduction animals. However, the magnitude of the difference between treated and non-treated animals differed among host species, study location, time interval, and treatment application method.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that considering the impact of deltamethrin on co-occurring non-target species before widespread application in future insecticide applications is warranted.
Implications: Insecticide application methods warrant consideration when designing plague management actions.
","language":"English","publisher":"CSIRO Publishing","doi":"10.1071/WR21153","usgsCitation":"Goldberg, A., Biggins, D.E., Ramakrishnan, S., Bowser, J.W., Conway, C.J., Eads, D.A., and Wimsatt, J., 2024, Deltamethrin reduces survival of non-target small mammals: Wildlife Research, v. 49, no. 8, p. 698-708, https://doi.org/10.1071/WR21153.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"698","endPage":"708","ipdsId":"IP-132967","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441311,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1071/wr21153","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":429892,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Idaho, South 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\"}}]}","volume":"49","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldberg, Amanda R.","contributorId":338153,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goldberg","given":"Amanda R.","affiliations":[{"id":81090,"text":"Department of Biology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Biggins, Dean E. 0000-0003-2078-671X bigginsd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2078-671X","contributorId":2522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"Dean","email":"bigginsd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ramakrishnan, Shantini","contributorId":338154,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramakrishnan","given":"Shantini","affiliations":[{"id":81093,"text":"Conservation and Restoration Education Program","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bowser, Jonathan W.","contributorId":338156,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowser","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":66308,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Conway, Courtney J. 0000-0003-0492-2953 cconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0492-2953","contributorId":2951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Courtney","email":"cconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":902980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Eads, David A. 0000-0002-4247-017X deads@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4247-017X","contributorId":173639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eads","given":"David","email":"deads@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":902984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wimsatt, Jeffrey","contributorId":338155,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wimsatt","given":"Jeffrey","affiliations":[{"id":81094,"text":"Department of Medicine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":902985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70250964,"text":"70250964 - 2023 - Bedform distributions and dynamics in a large, channelized river: Implications for benthic ecological processes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-17T13:13:13.793676","indexId":"70250964","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-29T07:09:57","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Bedform distributions and dynamics in a large, channelized river: Implications for benthic ecological processes","docAbstract":"Sand bedforms are fundamental habitat elements for benthic fish in large, sand-bedded rivers and are hypothesized to provide flow refugia, food transport, and ecological disturbance. We explored bedform distributions and dynamics in the Lower Missouri River, Missouri, with the objective of understanding the implications of these features for benthic fish habitat, particularly for the endangered pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) and shovelnose sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus platorynchus) during their early life stages. We mapped bathymetry in a 3-kilometer-long reach of the highly engineered Lower Missouri River 22 times over a three-year period from 2019-2021 using a multibeam echosounder. Surveys included precise water surface and bed elevations over discharges ranging from 1,360-8,550 cubic meters per second. This included weekly surveys during a large flood event with a peak of 9,290 cubic meters per second in the spring and summer of 2019. Velocity was mapped with an acoustic Doppler current profiler during 11 of the 22 multibeam surveys. The dataset illustrates how bedforms are distributed in a typical Missouri River reach and how they evolve with changes in discharge. We measured a variety of bedform characteristics, including height, length, lee-slope angle, and crest orientation, and examined their relationship to larval sturgeon catch in the reach in 2020\nand 2021. Bedform shapes are controlled by depositional environment and discharge and range in size from less than a meter in wavelength and amplitude to greater than 4 meters high and 75 meters long and generally have low angle lee-slopes. Small dunes were located in lower velocity regions on the inside of a bend and behind wing-dikes, as well as superimposed on larger dunes. Larger dunes were generally located in the channel thalweg and were associated with higher flow velocities. However, bedform size did not necessarily scale with discharge over the course of the 2019 flood, possibly due to sediment supply limitations and hysteresis effects. Changes in bedform size over the course of the flood event were most pronounced in the thalweg; less change in bedform size occurred behind wing dikes on the inside of channel bends, indicating some degree of habitat stability. Despite rarely getting caught in the thalweg, larval sturgeon drift in the thalweg until they are intercepted into off-channel habitats in wing dike fields, where they are caught in much higher numbers. Bedform orientations were affected by flow expansion around wing dikes, indicative of the role of wing dikes in influencing exchange of material between the thalweg and channel margins. Increased understanding of bedform distributions and dynamics will inform future sampling and habitat restoration designs for\nlarval pallid sturgeon and contribute to increased understanding of their influence on benthic\necological processes.","language":"English","publisher":"SEDHYD","usgsCitation":"Elliott, C.M., Jacobson, R., Call, B., and Roberts, M.O., 2023, Bedform distributions and dynamics in a large, channelized river: Implications for benthic ecological processes, 15 p.","productDescription":"15 p.","ipdsId":"IP-148167","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":424489,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":424463,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.sedhyd.org/past/2023Proceedings/110.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elliott, Caroline M. 0000-0002-9190-7462 celliott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9190-7462","contributorId":2380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Caroline","email":"celliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":892488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jacobson, R. B. 0000-0002-8368-2064","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","contributorId":92614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacobson","given":"R. B.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":892489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Call, Bruce 0000-0001-9064-2231","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9064-2231","contributorId":217707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Call","given":"Bruce","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":892490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roberts, Maura O 0000-0002-5575-0330","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5575-0330","contributorId":291406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"Maura","email":"","middleInitial":"O","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":892695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70250981,"text":"70250981 - 2023 - Visitor use and activities detected using trail cameras at forest restoration sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-17T12:42:49.676866","indexId":"70250981","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-29T06:41:35","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1462,"text":"Ecological Restoration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Visitor use and activities detected using trail cameras at forest restoration sites","docAbstract":"We used trail cameras to monitor human visits and activities at two sites in northeast Indiana being restored to bottomland hardwood forests. These sites, managed as nature preserves, are close to cities, where trails and parking lots have been added for ease of access. In this study, trail cameras were successfully used to capture visitation rates and activity types. The two sites had median visitor use rates of 1 and 13 visitors per day. Across both sites, “parking lot use only” (62%), hikers (30.2%), and bicyclists (5%) accounted for more than 97% of site visits. Overall, most weekday visitor-time occurred during daylight hours, peaking at lunch and evening. Mean total number of daily visitors was higher during weekends; however, total daily visitor-time did not vary between days of the week. Michaelis-Menten rarefaction models of sampling efficiency across the study’s four camera stations suggest sampling duration of 27 to 55 days to accurately estimate mean daily visitor counts and 3 to 40 days to detect half the maximal numbers of observed activities. Study estimates of visitation provide land managers with information for accommodating visitor use activities on the restored sites and offer inputs for cultural ecosystem services assessments and associated economic analyses.
Compared to non-urban environments, cities host ecological communities with altered taxonomic diversity and functional trait composition. However, we know little about how these urban changes take shape over time. Using historical bee (Apoidea: Anthophila) museum specimens supplemented with online repositories and researcher collections, we investigated whether bee species richness tracked urban and human population growth over the past 118 years. We also determined which species were no longer collected, whether those species shared certain traits, and if collector behavior changed over time. We focused on Wake County, North Carolina, United States where human population size has increased over 16 times over the last century along with the urban area within its largest city, Raleigh, which has increased over four times. We estimated bee species richness with occupancy models, and rarefaction and extrapolation curves to account for imperfect detection and sample coverage. To determine if bee traits correlated with when species were collected, we compiled information on native status, nesting habits, diet breadth, and sociality. We used non-metric multidimensional scaling to determine if individual collectors contributed different bee assemblages over time. In total, there were 328 species collected in Wake County. We found that although bee species richness varied, there was no clear trend in bee species richness over time. However, recent collections (since 2003) were missing 195 species, and there was a shift in trait composition, particularly lost species were below-ground nesters. The top collectors in the dataset differed in how often they collected bee species, but this was not consistent between historic and contemporary time periods; some contemporary collectors grouped closer together than others, potentially due to focusing on urban habitats. Use of historical collections and complimentary analyses can fill knowledge gaps to help understand temporal patterns of species richness in taxonomic groups that may not have planned long-term data.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gcb.17060","usgsCitation":"Ruzi, S., Youngsteadt, E., Cherveny, A., Kettenbach, J., Levenson, H., Carley, D., Collazo, J.A., and Irwin, R., 2023, Bee species richness through time in an urbanizing landscape of the southeastern United State: Global Change Biology, v. 30, no. 1, e17060, 18 p., https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17060.","productDescription":"e17060, 18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-157583","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":481065,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17060","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":480993,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","county":"Wake County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-78.5465,36.0218],[-78.4307,35.9795],[-78.3969,35.9387],[-78.3567,35.9318],[-78.351,35.909],[-78.3385,35.9052],[-78.3347,35.8997],[-78.3302,35.896],[-78.3245,35.896],[-78.3177,35.8963],[-78.3137,35.8976],[-78.3081,35.8935],[-78.2948,35.8797],[-78.292,35.8792],[-78.2893,35.8741],[-78.2859,35.8713],[-78.2831,35.8681],[-78.2782,35.8631],[-78.2749,35.8567],[-78.2756,35.8494],[-78.2707,35.843],[-78.2657,35.8361],[-78.2652,35.8325],[-78.2613,35.8315],[-78.2591,35.826],[-78.2599,35.8183],[-78.3731,35.7523],[-78.4635,35.7072],[-78.4686,35.7087],[-78.4709,35.7078],[-78.4732,35.7046],[-78.4778,35.7011],[-78.5716,35.6255],[-78.708,35.5191],[-78.9196,35.5857],[-78.9956,35.6104],[-78.9796,35.6656],[-78.9439,35.7515],[-78.9421,35.756],[-78.9403,35.7615],[-78.9337,35.7859],[-78.9191,35.8216],[-78.9096,35.8506],[-78.9076,35.8678],[-78.89,35.8676],[-78.8298,35.8689],[-78.8056,35.9281],[-78.7609,35.9176],[-78.751,35.9307],[-78.7372,35.941],[-78.714,35.9729],[-78.7009,36.0068],[-78.6985,36.0131],[-78.7048,36.0091],[-78.7077,36.0087],[-78.7076,36.0132],[-78.7052,36.0223],[-78.7085,36.0287],[-78.7102,36.0287],[-78.713,36.0278],[-78.7164,36.0283],[-78.7232,36.0334],[-78.726,36.0343],[-78.7272,36.0334],[-78.7278,36.0289],[-78.7324,36.0267],[-78.7353,36.0199],[-78.7422,36.0209],[-78.75,36.026],[-78.7551,36.0283],[-78.7545,36.0301],[-78.7511,36.0323],[-78.7499,36.035],[-78.747,36.0395],[-78.7492,36.0427],[-78.7503,36.0468],[-78.7519,36.0491],[-78.7564,36.0532],[-78.7498,36.0718],[-78.7088,36.0768],[-78.6895,36.0752],[-78.5922,36.0378],[-78.5465,36.0218]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Wake\",\"state\":\"NC\"}}]}","volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruzi, Selina A.","contributorId":349803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruzi","given":"Selina A.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Youngsteadt, Elsa","contributorId":349804,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Youngsteadt","given":"Elsa","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cherveny, April Hamblin","contributorId":349805,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cherveny","given":"April Hamblin","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kettenbach, Jessica","contributorId":349806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kettenbach","given":"Jessica","affiliations":[{"id":34928,"text":"Independent Researcher","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Levenson, Hannah K.","contributorId":349807,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Levenson","given":"Hannah K.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Carley, Danesha Seth","contributorId":349808,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carley","given":"Danesha Seth","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Collazo, Jaime A. 0000-0002-1816-7744","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1816-7744","contributorId":217287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collazo","given":"Jaime","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":924841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Irwin, Rebecca E.","contributorId":349809,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Irwin","given":"Rebecca E.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70250364,"text":"70250364 - 2023 - Selection of microhabitats, plants, and plant parts eaten by a threatened tortoise: Observations during a superbloom","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-05T13:01:15.102688","indexId":"70250364","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-05T06:50:48","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":17102,"text":"Frontiers in Amphibian and Reptile Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selection of microhabitats, plants, and plant parts eaten by a threatened tortoise: Observations during a superbloom","docAbstract":"Populations of the threatened desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) continue to decline throughout the geographic range, in part because of degraded and fragmented habitats in the Mojave and western Sonoran deserts. The species is herbivorous and highly selective in choice of plant species. To increase options for recovery, we analyzed behaviors, patterns of movements while foraging, and parts of plants consumed during a superbloom. We characterized foraging routes and the habitat strata and microhabitats where tortoises traveled to eat preferred wildflower species. Tortoises walked one foraging route per day in early spring, often switched to two routes per day in middle and late spring with rise of midday temperatures. They chose habitat strata (primarily hills and ephemeral stream channels) and three of seven microhabitats for foraging on preferred food plants. Preferred microhabitats were intershrub open space and small (1–2 m wide) ephemeral stream channels. They rarely took bites of forbs growing under and in the dripline of shrubs or nonnative forbs and grasses. Tortoises typically did not select specific plant parts to eat but important exceptions occurred. For example, they usually ignored the inflorescences of the annual Eremothera boothii and, when eating the non-native annual Erodium cicutarium, tended to focus on fruits. All such information aids recovery efforts to restore declining tortoise populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/famrs.2023.1283255","usgsCitation":"Jennings, W.B., and Berry, K.H., 2023, Selection of microhabitats, plants, and plant parts eaten by a threatened tortoise: Observations during a superbloom: Frontiers in Amphibian and Reptile Science, v. 1, 1283255, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/famrs.2023.1283255.","productDescription":"1283255, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-159458","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":441475,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/famrs.2023.1283255","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":423236,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Desert Tortoise Research Natural Area, Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.88016995097182,\n 35.22069288842863\n ],\n [\n -117.8716431957607,\n 35.220509577196765\n ],\n [\n -117.8718675840556,\n 35.213360116227236\n ],\n [\n -117.86221888736947,\n 35.213176788435504\n ],\n [\n -117.86188230492687,\n 35.227841703504055\n ],\n [\n -117.85290677312545,\n 35.228116645353\n ],\n [\n -117.85301896727313,\n 35.24351190186502\n ],\n [\n -117.87994556267647,\n 35.243603531548004\n ],\n [\n -117.88016995097182,\n 35.22069288842863\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jennings, W. Bryan","contributorId":332146,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jennings","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Bryan","affiliations":[{"id":12655,"text":"University of California, Riverside","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berry, Kristin H. 0000-0003-1591-8394 kristin_berry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1591-8394","contributorId":437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berry","given":"Kristin","email":"kristin_berry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70250339,"text":"70250339 - 2023 - An interoperability strategy for the next generation of SEEA accounting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-05T14:44:39.985748","indexId":"70250339","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-04T08:31:51","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"title":"An interoperability strategy for the next generation of SEEA accounting","docAbstract":"The System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA) is a set of international environmental-economic standards, adopted by the UN Statistical Commission in 2012 (SEEA Central Framework) and 2021 (SEEA Ecosystem Accounting); the latter in particular requires the integration of large and diverse data streams. These include geospatial and other data sources, which have proven challenging for some National Statistical Offices (NSOs) to implement. Although a variety of ecosystem service modelling platforms have been built over the last 15 years to meet various user demands, they often duplicate efforts, rely on data that are siloed, and rarely effectively reuse the knowledge gained from past modelling efforts. \n\nBy making the data and models that underlie SEEA interoperable, NSOs and the scientific community can advance the accessibility, speed, quality, and transparency of SEEA accounts by making it possible to rapidly integrate and share new scientific data and models. Doing so requires an understanding of the benefits of interoperability, the costs of the status quo, and concrete pathways toward community-endorsed approaches for interoperability. The ARIES Network, which powers the ARIES for SEEA Explorer web application, offers such a path toward interoperability, providing substantial benefits to NSOs and scientific and policy communities.","language":"English","publisher":"Basque Center for Climate Change","usgsCitation":"Villa, F., Balbi, S., Bagstad, K.J., and Bulckaen, A., 2023, An interoperability strategy for the next generation of SEEA accounting, 14 p.","productDescription":"14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-153533","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":423242,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":423213,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.bc3research.org/index.php?option=com_wpapers&task=showdetails&idwpaper=108&Itemid=279"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Villa, Ferdinando 0000-0002-5114-3007","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-3007","contributorId":208486,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Villa","given":"Ferdinando","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":32916,"text":"Basque Centre for Climate Change","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Balbi, Stefano 0000-0001-8190-5968","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8190-5968","contributorId":208481,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balbi","given":"Stefano","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":32916,"text":"Basque Centre for Climate Change","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bagstad, Kenneth J. 0000-0001-8857-5615 kjbagstad@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8857-5615","contributorId":3680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bagstad","given":"Kenneth","email":"kjbagstad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":889509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bulckaen, Alessio","contributorId":332129,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bulckaen","given":"Alessio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":32916,"text":"Basque Centre for Climate Change","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":889510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70250953,"text":"70250953 - 2023 - Examining current bias and future projection consistency of globally downscaled climate projections commonly used in climate impact studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-13T14:57:56.409648","indexId":"70250953","displayToPublicDate":"2023-12-01T08:55:53","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1252,"text":"Climatic Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Examining current bias and future projection consistency of globally downscaled climate projections commonly used in climate impact studies","docAbstract":"The associated uncertainties of future climate projections are one of the biggest obstacles to overcome in studies exploring the potential regional impacts of future climate shifts. In remote and climatically complex regions, the limited number of available downscaled projections may not provide an accurate representation of the underlying uncertainty in future climate or the possible range of potential scenarios. Consequently, global downscaled projections are now some of the most widely used climate datasets in the world. However, they are rarely examined for representativeness of local climate or the plausibility of their projected changes. Here we explore the utility of two such global datasets (CHELSA and WorldClim2) in providing plausible future climate scenarios for regional climate change impact studies. Our analysis was based on three steps: (1) standardizing a baseline period to compare available global downscaled projections with regional observation-based datasets and regional downscaled datasets; (2) bias correcting projections using a single observation-based baseline; and (3) having controlled differences in baselines between datasets, exploring the patterns and magnitude of projected climate shifts from these datasets to determine their plausibility as future climate scenarios, using Hawaiʻi as an example region. Focusing on mean annual temperature and precipitation, we show projected climate shifts from these commonly used global datasets not only may vary significantly from one another but may also fall well outside the range of future scenarios derived from regional downscaling efforts. As species distribution models are commonly created from these datasets, we further illustrate how a substantial portion of variability in future species distribution shifts can arise from the choice of global dataset used. Hence, projected shifts between baseline and future scenarios from these global downscaled projections warrant careful evaluation before use in climate impact studies, something rarely done in the existing literature.
Kīlauea is a frequently active, open-system volcano on the Island of Hawaiʻi known for erupting olivine-dominated tholeiitic basalt compositions. On rare occasions it erupts more differentiated magmas (<1% of erupted volume), such as basaltic andesites and andesites, from its rift zones. These differentiated magmas offer an opportunity to understand better the petrology, magma storage, magma mixing, and eruptive triggers that occur in Kīlauea's rift zone reservoirs. This study focuses on an eruption from the Southwest Rift Zone of Kīlauea, which is dominantly basaltic andesite with subordinate basalt. This eruption originated at the Kamakaiʻa Hills during the early 19th century and has two eruptive phases: 1) an early ‘a‘ā phase that is primarily exposed in the eastern part of the flow field, with minor western lobes, and 2) a late pāhoehoe phase that makes up most of the western part of the flow field. The early ‘a‘ā phase covers at least 5.8 km2 with an erupted volume of ∼150 × 106 m3 and consists of uniform composition basaltic andesites with 3.72–4.15 wt% MgO over its ∼7 km flow length. The late pāhoehoe phase reached >10 km from its vent, covers an area of ∼7.1 km2, has a volume of ∼100 × 106 m3, and initially erupted basaltic andesite near its vent (4.50–5.64 wt% MgO extending to 3.8 km from vent) with channel and tube-fed basalt (6.21–12.38 wt% MgO sampled at >3.8 km from vent) emplaced during its waning stages. Most Kamakaiʻa Hills lavas are crystal-poor, containing ≤1.5% glomerocrysts and individual phenocrysts of plagioclase + clinopyroxene + FeTi oxides ± orthopyroxene, as well as olivine in lavas with >6 wt% MgO.
Major-oxide and trace-element concentrations throughout the Kamakaiʻa Hills lavas demonstrate the involvement of three distinct magmatic processes. First, the basaltic andesites of the early ‘a‘ā phase are the products of fractionation of plagioclase + clinopyroxene + FeTi oxides ± orthopyroxene, indicative of magmas that have been stored in rift zone reservoirs for decades or longer. Second, the near-vent (within ∼400 m of vent) basaltic andesites of the late pāhoehoe phase yield chemical concentrations that indicate magma mixing with a more differentiated magma (of a similar evolved composition to basaltic andesites at ∼55–56 wt% SiO2 and ∼3.4–4.1 wt% MgO that erupted in the lower East Rift Zone in 2018). Third, the progressively more mafic magma (containing olivine + plagioclase + clinopyroxene) that continued to erupt throughout the waning stages of activity suggests an eruptive triggering process whereby an intruding summit or uprift reservoir basalt overpressurized and forced out the stored, differentiated magma of the Kamakaiʻa Hills rift zone reservoir.
From 2014 to 2020, a Monitoring Avian Productivity and Survivorship (MAPS) banding station (station) was operated at the Naval Outlying Landing Field (NOLF), Imperial Beach, in southwestern San Diego County, California. The station was established as part of a long-term monitoring program of Neotropical migratory bird populations on NOLF and helps Naval Base Coronado (NOLF is a component) meet the goals and objectives of the Department of Defense Partners in Flight program and the Birds and Migratory Birds Management Strategies of the Naval Base Coronado Integrated Natural Resources Management Plan. The station was established in 2009 and has been in operation during the spring and summer since 2009 except for 2016 when it was not funded. The station was operated by AMEC Earth and Environmental, Inc., from 2009 to 2011, by the U.S. Geological Survey from 2012 to 2015, the San Diego Natural History Museum in 2017, and the U.S. Geological Survey again from 2018 to 2023. This report synthesizes results from 2014 to 2020. A prior report presents summaries and analyses from 2009 to 2013.
The banding station at NOLF was operated according to the standard MAPS protocol with some exceptions. Ten mist nets used to capture birds were erected in fixed locations that remained consistent between and within years, with few minor relocations. Nets were open for 6 hours per day, once every 10 days (a netting period) for 13 netting periods starting April 1 each year. Occasionally, poor weather conditions (for example, rain, wind, or excessive heat) prevented net operation or forced nets to be closed early (or, rarely, late). Nets were checked periodically throughout the day and birds were removed, processed (leg bands affixed, measurements recorded), and released.
From 2014 to 2020, we had 3,543 captures (including initial captures and recaptures) of a maximum of 3,264 year-unique captures (543±143 year-unique captures [the total number of individual birds captured for the first time each year]). The count of year-unique captures included 2,702 newly banded birds, 258 individuals that were recaptured from previous years, and 304 birds that were released unbanded (218 hummingbirds and 86 other birds that were intentionally released unbanded [game birds, and so forth] or escaped before banding). Individuals of 68 species were captured, 39 of which breed at or in the immediate vicinity of the MAPS banding station. Bird capture rate averaged 43±30 captures per day (corrected to account for variation in effort) for all years (range 7–163 effort-corrected captures per day) and species richness per year averaged 43±4. Bushtit (Psaltriparus minimus) was the most abundant species captured, followed by Orange-crowned Warbler (Leiothlypis celata), Wilson’s Warbler (Cardellina pusilla), House Finch (Haemorhous mexicanus), Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia), and Common Yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas). The mean adult sex ratio of all species combined across all years was 54:46 male:female. Adults averaged 73±12 percent of known age captures per year (range 59–94 percent), and juveniles averaged 27±12 percent (range 6–41 percent).
Nineteen sensitive species were detected at NOLF (12 captured and 7 observed only). During 2014–20, we captured one State and federally endangered species, Least Bell’s Vireo (Vireo bellii pusillus); one federally threatened species, California Gnatcatcher (Polioptila californica); one State endangered species, Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii); and two State species of concern, Yellow-breasted Chat (Icteria virens) and Yellow Warbler (Setophaga petechia). One additional State species of concern, Northern Harrier (Circus hudsonius), was observed at the MAPS banding station but not captured. Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) and White-tailed Kite (Elanus leucurus), California State fully protected species, also were observed at the MAPS banding station. Seven federal bird species of conservation concern—Calliope Hummingbird (Selasphorus calliope), Rufous Hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus), Allen’s Hummingbird (Selasphorus sasin), Nuttall’s Woodpecker (Dryobates nuttallii), Wrentit (Chamaea fasciata), California Thrasher (Toxostoma redivivum), and Lawrence’s Goldfinch (Spinus lawrencei)—also were captured, and four additional federal bird species of conservation concern—Willet (Tringa semipalmata), Western Gull (Larus occidentalis), California Gull (Larus californicus), and Bullock’s Oriole (Icterus bullockii)—were observed but not captured.
Local population trends varied among species and years. From 2012 to 2019, year-round residents Bushtit, Song Sparrow, and Common Yellowthroat significantly decreased, whereas the migrant Least Bell’s Vireo increased. The total number of captures for all species except Least Bell’s Vireo was lowest in 2017, corresponding to the habitat damage caused by Kuroshio shot hole borer beetle (Euwallacea kuroshio) in the Tijuana River Valley.
Annual productivity and annual adult survival were calculated for seven breeding species based on criteria used by the Institute for Bird Populations (Least Bell’s Vireo, Bushtit, Wrentit, House Wren [Troglodytes aedon], Song Sparrow, Orange-crowned Warbler, and Common Yellowthroat). Productivity was highest for most species in 2010 and 2019, years with high precipitation, and lowest in 2014 and 2018, years with low precipitation. Song Sparrow demonstrated the highest productivity among species and Least Bell’s Vireo had the lowest productivity. Annual adult survival was generally high from 2011 to 2012 and from 2018 to 2019. Bushtit had higher annual survival with lower late winter precipitation. Either temperature or precipitation was associated with productivity for all species except Wrentit, and with survival for all species except Least Bell’s Vireo and Common Yellowthroat. For most species, productivity was positively associated with precipitation, and both productivity and survival were negatively associated with temperature. Other studies have found that higher temperatures led to increased predation by snakes and birds and also increased vector-borne disease transmission, such as West Nile virus. Predicted regional increases in temperature over the next 30 years will likely affect the demographics of these species.
The Song Sparrow population increased with higher breeding productivity during the previous year, and the Bushtit population increased with higher annual survival and higher productivity during the previous year. Aside from a possible positive association between survivorship and Common Yellowthroat population growth, productivity and survival rates did not appear to influence population change for other focal species.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20231055","programNote":"Ecosystems Mission Area—Species Management Research Program","usgsCitation":"Lynn, S., Mendia, S., and Kus, B.E., 2023, Monitoring Avian Productivity and Survivorship (MAPS) 6-year summary, Naval Outlying Landing Field, Imperial Beach, southwestern San Diego County, California, 2014–20: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2023–1055, 68 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20231055.","productDescription":"viii, 68 p.","numberOfPages":"68","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-150872","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":422046,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1055/images"},{"id":422047,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20231055/full"},{"id":422044,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1055/ofr20231055.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":422043,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1055/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":422045,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2023/1055/ofr20231055.xml"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Diego County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.13399491171916,\n 32.5777941285686\n ],\n [\n -117.13399491171916,\n 32.54958248003706\n ],\n [\n -117.08507141928763,\n 32.54958248003706\n ],\n [\n -117.08507141928763,\n 32.5777941285686\n ],\n [\n -117.13399491171916,\n 32.5777941285686\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
Accurate estimates of current and future habitat suitability are needed for species that may require assistance in tracking a shifting climate. Standard species distribution models (SDMs) based on occurrence data are the most common approach for evaluating climatic suitability, but these may suffer from inaccuracies stemming from disequilibrium dynamics and/or an inability to identify suitable climate regions that have no analogues within the current range. An alternative approach is to test performance with experimental introductions, and model suitability from the empirical results. We used this method with the Haleakalā silversword (Argyroxiphium sandwicense subsp. macrocephalum), using a network of out-plant plots across the top of Haleakalā volcano, Hawaiʻi. Over a ~ 5-year period, survival varied strongly across this network and was effectively explained by a simple model including mean rainfall and air temperature. We then applied this model to estimate current climatic suitability for restoration or translocation activities, to define trends in suitability over the past three decades, and to project future suitability through 2051. This empirical approach indicated that much of the current range has low suitability for long-term successful restoration, but also identified areas of high climatic suitability in a region where plants do not currently occur. These patterns contrast strongly with projections obtained with a standard SDM, which predicted continued suitability throughout the current range. Under continued climatic shifts, these results caution against the common SDM presumption of equilibrium between species’ distributions and their environment, even for long-established native species.
Native Bull Trout Salvelinus confluentus populations can be influenced by a variety of stressors operating at multiple spatial scales, making the relative importance of biotic versus abiotic controls difficult to discern at small scales where monitoring and management typically occur. Nonnative Brook Trout S. fontinalis were widely introduced throughout western North America and negatively affect Bull Trout occurrence. Here, we examine reach-scale associations between nonnative Brook Trout and juvenile and stream-resident Bull Trout (i.e., <250 mm) abundances through the lens of a constraining threshold, where nonnative fish exceeding a certain fish density may constrain native fish abundance.
We used a large spatial data set to define the abiotic conditions in which stream-dwelling Brook Trout and Bull Trout smaller than 250 mm typically co-occur in Idaho. Next, we queried multipass electrofishing survey data collected in reaches with abiotic conditions suitable for both species within localized areas where their distributions overlap. We then used two-dimensional Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests to identify threshold Brook Trout densities beyond which Bull Trout less than 250 mm were consistently rare or absent.
Bull Trout smaller than 250 mm were rare or absent where Brook Trout density exceeded 0.54 fish/100 m2 across the full range of abiotic conditions over which both species overlapped. However, Brook Trout rarely occurred in habitats associated with high Bull Trout density (e.g., where mean August water temperatures were 8.2°C).
Our results support existing hypotheses that the long-term co-occurrence of Bull Trout and Brook Trout in stream reaches suitable for both species may be unstable. Because low densities of Brook Trout appear to threaten Bull Trout, additional research is needed to better understand factors driving ongoing range shifts and invasion dynamics in Bull Trout habitat. We provide a simple tool to inform where Brook Trout represent a primary threat to Bull Trout, with potential applications for future monitoring, threat assessments, and conservation efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/tafs.10443","usgsCitation":"Voss, N.S., Bowersox, B.J., and Quist, M.C., 2023, Reach-scale associations between introduced Brook Trout and juvenile and stream-resident Bull Trout in Idaho: Transactions of American Fisheries Society, v. 152, no. 6, p. 835-848, https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10443.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"835","endPage":"848","ipdsId":"IP-151044","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498854,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10443","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":430209,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.03090213547928,\n 43.207652040414814\n ],\n [\n -111.03202746708995,\n 43.2200826637544\n ],\n [\n -111.0540054745273,\n 44.480723993881384\n ],\n [\n -111.38063590540663,\n 44.7211838491711\n ],\n [\n -112.32600707694,\n 44.55386220030201\n ],\n [\n -112.43093922496412,\n 44.442261666637535\n ],\n [\n -112.72674441255437,\n 44.47967351071486\n ],\n [\n -112.91781898200888,\n 44.39232271637843\n ],\n [\n -113.16440598999255,\n 44.75171823057957\n ],\n [\n -113.95671663335192,\n 45.68966966579467\n ],\n [\n -114.36026790153626,\n 45.48555124417567\n ],\n [\n -114.50723744474614,\n 45.62020392465001\n ],\n [\n -114.35705754509375,\n 45.933639277473816\n ],\n [\n -114.48977698881906,\n 46.13114309755966\n ],\n [\n -114.3482896820553,\n 46.72004445964737\n ],\n [\n -116.11637073698459,\n 48.05164962026552\n ],\n [\n -116.08451122563832,\n 49.02927481424686\n ],\n [\n -117.08709255417494,\n 48.99980579823804\n ],\n [\n -117.00949159691567,\n 46.35873140197231\n ],\n [\n -116.97263402539582,\n 46.10668853292651\n ],\n [\n -116.7397249746474,\n 45.80229784972218\n ],\n [\n -116.49957941400402,\n 45.606539467598054\n ],\n [\n -117.19912136100515,\n 44.563237965950606\n ],\n [\n -117.18632347100339,\n 44.35506960028275\n ],\n [\n -116.92238694239666,\n 44.13046718217083\n ],\n [\n -117.05970457356327,\n 43.781652784475654\n ],\n [\n -117.03090213547928,\n 43.207652040414814\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"152","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Voss, Nicholas S.","contributorId":300117,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Voss","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":36555,"text":"Montana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bowersox, Brett J.","contributorId":265299,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowersox","given":"Brett","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36224,"text":"Idaho Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":903854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Quist, Michael C. 0000-0001-8268-1839","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8268-1839","contributorId":207142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quist","given":"Michael","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":903855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70253016,"text":"70253016 - 2023 - Multi-year tracing of spatial and temporal dynamics of post-fire aeolian sediment transport using rare earth elements provide insights into grassland management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-16T15:28:42.457575","indexId":"70253016","displayToPublicDate":"2023-11-03T10:21:05","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7357,"text":"JGR Earth Surface","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multi-year tracing of spatial and temporal dynamics of post-fire aeolian sediment transport using rare earth elements provide insights into grassland management","docAbstract":"Aeolian sediment transport occurs as a function of, and with feedback to ecosystem changes and disturbances. Many desert grasslands are undergoing rapid changes in vegetation, including the encroachment of woody plants, which alters fire regimes and in turn can change the spatial and temporal patterns of aeolian sediment transport. We investigated aeolian sediment transport and spatial distribution of sediment in the surface soil for 7 years following a prescribed fire using a multiple rare earth element (REE) tracer-based approach in a shrub-encroached desert grassland in the northern Chihuahuan desert. Results indicate that even though the aeolian horizontal sediment mass flux increased approximately three-fold in the first windy season in the burned areas compared to control areas, there were no significant differences after three windy seasons. The soil surface of bare microsites was the major contributor of aeolian sediments in unburned areas (87%), while the shrub microsites contributed the least (<2%) during the observation period. However, after the prescribed fire, the contribution of aeolian sediments from shrub microsites increased considerably (∼40%), indicating post-fire microsite-scale sediment redistribution. The findings of this study, which is the first to use multiple REE tracers for multi-year analysis of the spatial and temporal dynamics of aeolian sediment transport, illustrate how disturbance by prescribed fire can influence aeolian processes and alters dryland soil geomorphology in which distinct soils develop over time at very fine spatial scales of individual plants.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2023JF007274","usgsCitation":"Burger, W., Van Pelt, R., Grandstaff, D.E., Wang, G., Sankey, T.T., Li, J., Sankey, J., and Ravi, S., 2023, Multi-year tracing of spatial and temporal dynamics of post-fire aeolian sediment transport using rare earth elements provide insights into grassland management: JGR Earth Surface, v. 128, no. 11, e2023JF007274, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JF007274.","productDescription":"e2023JF007274, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-152706","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467079,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://hub.hku.hk/handle/10722/346087","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":427814,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Sevilleta National 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Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-26T17:52:21.739662","indexId":"70243903","displayToPublicDate":"2023-11-01T11:47:54","publicationYear":"2023","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Evidence for a high-level porphyritic intrusion below the Sunnyside epithermal vein deposit, Colorado","docAbstract":"High-temperature quartz veins were identified in drill core at ~600 m below the Sunnyside epithermal base and pre-cious metal deposit in southwestern Colorado. The veins consist of early anhedral quartz that shows a bluish ca-thodoluminescence emission and hosts heterogenous silicate melt inclusions. The early quartz is overgrown by a later generation of quartz that exhibits euhedral termina-tions with oscillatory growth zones showing a bright pink to purple cathodoluminescence emission. Both types of quartz are crosscut by ubiquitous planes of vapor-rich inclusions and some hypersaline liquid inclusions. In addi-tion, secondary planes of intermediate-density inclusions occur. The petrographic characteristics of the two quartz types are similar to those in ‘A’ and ‘B’ veins encountered in shallow- and intermediate-depth porphyry deposits. The relationships at Sunnyside imply that these high-temperature veins formed from magmatic-hydrothermal fluids derived from an intrusion located not far below the lowest level of drilling. Sunnyside appears to be a rare example of an epithermal deposit that is directly connected to a high-level porphyritic intrusion.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 17th SGA biennial meeting","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"17th Biennial SGA Meeting","conferenceDate":"August 28 - September 1, 2023","conferenceLocation":"Zurich, Switzerland","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Geology Applied to Mineral Deposits","usgsCitation":"Guzman, M.A., Monecke, T., Reynolds, T.J., and Casadevall, T.J., 2023, Evidence for a high-level porphyritic intrusion below the Sunnyside epithermal vein deposit, Colorado, in Proceedings of the 17th SGA biennial meeting, v. 1, Zurich, Switzerland, August 28 - September 1, 2023, p. 56-59.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"56","endPage":"59","ipdsId":"IP-148064","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":425030,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":425028,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://sga2023.ch/programme/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -108,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -104,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -104,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -108,\n 40\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guzman, Mario A 0000-0002-0940-148X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-148X","contributorId":292882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guzman","given":"Mario","email":"","middleInitial":"A","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":873672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Monecke, Thomas","contributorId":210730,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Monecke","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[{"id":6606,"text":"Colorado School of Mines","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":873673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reynolds, T. 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