{"pageNumber":"1200","pageRowStart":"29975","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184937,"records":[{"id":70173614,"text":"70173614 - 2015 - Water quality and fish dynamics in forested wetlands associated with an oxbow lake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-07T16:29:30","indexId":"70173614","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3444,"text":"Southeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water quality and fish dynamics in forested wetlands associated with an oxbow lake","docAbstract":"<p><span>Forested wetlands represent some of the most distinct environments in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley. Depending on season, water in forested wetlands can be warm, stagnant, and oxygen-depleted, yet may support high fish diversity. Fish assemblages in forested wetlands are not well studied because of difficulties in sampling heavily structured environments. During the April&ndash;July period, we surveyed and compared the water quality and assemblages of small fish in a margin wetland (forested fringe along a lake shore), contiguous wetland (forested wetland adjacent to a lake), and the open water of an oxbow lake. Dissolved-oxygen levels measured hourly 0.5 m below the surface were higher in the open water than in either of the forested wetlands. Despite reduced water quality, fish-species richness and catch rates estimated with light traps were greater in the forested wetlands than in the open water. The forested wetlands supported large numbers of fish and unique fish assemblages that included some rare species, likely because of their structural complexity. Programs developed to refine agricultural practices, preserve riparian zones, and restore lakes should include guidance to protect and reestablish forested wetlands.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Bioone","doi":"10.1656/058.014.0404","usgsCitation":"Andrews, C.S., Miranda, L.E., and Kroger, R., 2015, Water quality and fish dynamics in forested wetlands associated with an oxbow lake: Southeastern Naturalist, v. 14, no. 4, p. 623-634, https://doi.org/10.1656/058.014.0404.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"623","endPage":"634","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059167","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":323230,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Blue Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.44958114624023,\n              33.92726625895817\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.41662216186523,\n              33.92712382336637\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.41662216186523,\n              33.897777013859475\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.45026779174805,\n              33.89791949850677\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.44958114624023,\n              33.92726625895817\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5757f065e4b04f417c24dd45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andrews, Caroline S.","contributorId":143700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andrews","given":"Caroline","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miranda, Leandro E. 0000-0002-2138-7924 smiranda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2138-7924","contributorId":531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miranda","given":"Leandro","email":"smiranda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kroger, Robert","contributorId":143701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kroger","given":"Robert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":637762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70177798,"text":"70177798 - 2015 - Evaluation of three aging techniques and back-calculated growth for introduced Blue Catfish from Lake Oconee, Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-21T15:08:42","indexId":"70177798","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3444,"text":"Southeastern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of three aging techniques and back-calculated growth for introduced Blue Catfish from Lake Oconee, Georgia","docAbstract":"<p><span>Back-calculation of length-at-age from otoliths and spines is a common technique employed in fisheries biology, but few studies have compared the precision of data collected with this method for catfish populations. We compared precision of back-calculated lengths-at-age for an introduced</span><i>Ictalurus furcatus</i><span> (Blue Catfish) population among 3 commonly used cross-sectioning techniques. We used gillnets to collect Blue Catfish (</span><i>n</i><span> = 153) from Lake Oconee, GA. We estimated ages from a basal recess, articulating process, and otolith cross-section from each fish. We employed the Frasier-Lee method to back-calculate length-at-age for each fish, and compared the precision of back-calculated lengths among techniques using hierarchical linear models. Precision in age assignments was highest for otoliths (83.5%) and lowest for basal recesses (71.4%). Back-calculated lengths were variable among fish ages 1–3 for the techniques compared; otoliths and basal recesses yielded variable lengths at age 8. We concluded that otoliths and articulating processes are adequate for age estimation of Blue Catfish.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Eagle Hill Institute","doi":"10.1656/058.014.0417","usgsCitation":"Homer, M.D., Peterson, J., and Jennings, C.A., 2015, Evaluation of three aging techniques and back-calculated growth for introduced Blue Catfish from Lake Oconee, Georgia: Southeastern Naturalist, v. 14, no. 4, p. 740-756, https://doi.org/10.1656/058.014.0417.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"740","endPage":"756","ipdsId":"IP-036204","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330326,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Lake Oconee","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.37867736816406,\n              33.338559712732525\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.37867736816406,\n              33.714630486382156\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.14178466796875,\n              33.714630486382156\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.14178466796875,\n              33.338559712732525\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.37867736816406,\n              33.338559712732525\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5810c6d6e4b0f497e79733f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Homer, Michael D. Jr.","contributorId":176188,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Homer","given":"Michael","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jennings, Cecil A. 0000-0002-6159-6026 jennings@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6159-6026","contributorId":874,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"Cecil","email":"jennings@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70184995,"text":"70184995 - 2015 - Influence of grazing and land use on stream-channel characteristics among small dairy farms in the Eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-13T12:52:54","indexId":"70184995","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5316,"text":"Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of grazing and land use on stream-channel characteristics among small dairy farms in the Eastern United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>Rotational grazing (RG) is a livestock management practice that rotates grazing cattle on a scale of hours to days among small pastures termed paddocks. It may beneficially affect stream channels, relative to other livestock management practices. Such effects and other beneficial effects on hydrology are important to RG's potential to provide a highly multifunctional mode of livestock farming. Previous comparisons of effects of RG and confinement dairy (CD) on adjoining streams have been restricted in scale and scope. We examined 11 stream-channel characteristics on a representative sample of 37 small dairy farms that used either RG or CD production methods. Our objectives were: (1) to compare channel characteristics on RG and CD farms, as these production methods are implemented in practice, in New York, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin, USA; and (2) to examine land use on these farms that may affect stream-channel characteristics. To help interpret channel characteristic findings, we examined on-farm land use in riparian areas 50 m in width along both sides of stream reaches and whole-farm land use. In all states, stream-channel characteristics on RG and CD farms did not differ. Whole-farm land use differed significantly between farm types; CD farms allocated more land to annual row crops, whereas RG farms allocated more land to pasture and grassland. However, land cover in 50 m riparian areas was not different between farm types within states; in particular, many RG and CD farms had continuously grazed pastures in riparian areas, typically occupied by juvenile and non-lactating cows, which may have contributed sediment and nutrients to streams. This similarity in riparian management practices may explain the observed similarity of farm types with respect to stream-channel characteristics. To realize the potential benefits of RG on streams, best management practices that affect stream-channel characteristics, such as protection of riparian areas, may improve aggregate effects of RG on stream quality and also enhance other environment, economic and social benefits of RG.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S1742170514000362","usgsCitation":"Brand, G., Vondracek, B.C., and Jordan, N.R., 2015, Influence of grazing and land use on stream-channel characteristics among small dairy farms in the Eastern United States: Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, v. 30, no. 6, p. 524-536, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742170514000362.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"524","endPage":"536","ipdsId":"IP-040573","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337427,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c7afa4e4b0849ce9795eb8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brand, Genevieve","contributorId":189126,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brand","given":"Genevieve","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vondracek, Bruce C. bcv@usgs.gov","contributorId":904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vondracek","given":"Bruce","email":"bcv@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":683868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jordan, Nicholas R.","contributorId":39629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jordan","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":683906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70184227,"text":"70184227 - 2015 - Seismic source characterization for the 2014 update of the U.S. National Seismic Hazard Model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-06T11:05:53","indexId":"70184227","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic source characterization for the 2014 update of the U.S. National Seismic Hazard Model","docAbstract":"<p><span>We present the updated seismic source characterization (SSC) for the 2014 update of the National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) for the conterminous United States. Construction of the seismic source models employs the methodology that was developed for the 1996 NSHM but includes new and updated data, data types, source models, and source parameters that reflect the current state of knowledge of earthquake occurrence and state of practice for seismic hazard analyses. We review the SSC parameterization and describe the methods used to estimate earthquake rates, magnitudes, locations, and geometries for all seismic source models, with an emphasis on new source model components. We highlight the effects that two new model components—incorporation of slip rates from combined geodetic-geologic inversions and the incorporation of adaptively smoothed seismicity models—have on probabilistic ground motions, because these sources span multiple regions of the conterminous United States and provide important additional epistemic uncertainty for the 2014 NSHM.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"EERI","doi":"10.1193/110514EQS183M","usgsCitation":"Moschetti, M.P., Powers, P.M., Petersen, M.D., Boyd, O.S., Chen, R., Field, E.H., Frankel, A.D., Haller, K., Harmsen, S., Mueller, C.S., Wheeler, R., and Zeng, Y., 2015, Seismic source characterization for the 2014 update of the U.S. National Seismic Hazard Model: Earthquake Spectra, v. 31, no. S1, p. S31-S57, https://doi.org/10.1193/110514EQS183M.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"S31","endPage":"S57","ipdsId":"IP-066842","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471608,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1193/110514eqs183m","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":336861,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"S1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58be833de4b014cc3a3a99f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moschetti, Morgan P. 0000-0001-7261-0295 mmoschetti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7261-0295","contributorId":1662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moschetti","given":"Morgan","email":"mmoschetti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powers, Peter M. 0000-0003-2124-6184 pmpowers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2124-6184","contributorId":176814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"Peter","email":"pmpowers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Petersen, Mark D. 0000-0001-8542-3990 mpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8542-3990","contributorId":1163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Mark","email":"mpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boyd, Oliver S. 0000-0001-9457-0407 olboyd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9457-0407","contributorId":140739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyd","given":"Oliver","email":"olboyd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chen, Rui","contributorId":187504,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Rui","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Field, Edward H. 0000-0001-8172-7882 field@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8172-7882","contributorId":52242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Edward","email":"field@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Frankel, Arthur D. 0000-0001-9119-6106 afrankel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9119-6106","contributorId":146285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankel","given":"Arthur","email":"afrankel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Haller, Kathleen 0000-0001-8847-7302 haller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8847-7302","contributorId":172556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haller","given":"Kathleen","email":"haller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Harmsen, Stephen harmsen@usgs.gov","contributorId":152128,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harmsen","given":"Stephen","email":"harmsen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Mueller, Charles S. 0000-0002-1868-9710 cmueller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1868-9710","contributorId":955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"Charles","email":"cmueller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":680780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Wheeler, Russell wheeler@usgs.gov","contributorId":175474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Russell","email":"wheeler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Zeng, Yuehua 0000-0003-1161-1264 zeng@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1161-1264","contributorId":145693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeng","given":"Yuehua","email":"zeng@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70184226,"text":"70184226 - 2015 - Ground motion models used in the 2014 U.S. National Seismic Hazard Maps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-06T11:18:18","indexId":"70184226","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground motion models used in the 2014 U.S. National Seismic Hazard Maps","docAbstract":"<p><span>The National Seismic Hazard Maps (NSHMs) are an important component of seismic design regulations in the United States. This paper compares hazard using the new suite of ground motion models (GMMs) relative to hazard using the suite of GMMs applied in the previous version of the maps. The new source characterization models are used for both cases. A previous paper (</span><a class=\"ref NLM_xref-bibr\">Rezaeian et al. 2014</a><span>) discussed the five NGA-West2 GMMs used for shallow crustal earthquakes in the Western United States (WUS), which are also summarized here. Our focus in this paper is on GMMs for earthquakes in stable continental regions in the Central and Eastern United States (CEUS), as well as subduction interface and deep intraslab earthquakes. We consider building code hazard levels for peak ground acceleration (PGA), 0.2-s, and 1.0-s spectral accelerations (SAs) on uniform firm-rock site conditions. The GMM modifications in the updated version of the maps created changes in hazard within 5% to 20% in WUS; decreases within 5% to 20% in CEUS; changes within 5% to 15% for subduction interface earthquakes; and changes involving decreases of up to 50% and increases of up to 30% for deep intraslab earthquakes for most U.S. sites. These modifications were combined with changes resulting from modifications in the source characterization models to obtain the new hazard maps.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Engineering Research Institute","publisherLocation":"El Cerrito, CA","doi":"10.1193/111714EQS194M","usgsCitation":"Rezaeian, S., Petersen, M.D., and Moschetti, M.P., 2015, Ground motion models used in the 2014 U.S. National Seismic Hazard Maps: Earthquake Spectra, v. 31, no. S1, p. S59-S84, https://doi.org/10.1193/111714EQS194M.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"S59","endPage":"S84","ipdsId":"IP-069840","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336867,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-66.28243,18.51476],[-65.7713,18.42668],[-65.591,18.22803],[-65.84716,17.97591],[-66.59993,17.98182],[-67.18416,17.94655],[-67.24243,18.37446],[-67.10068,18.5206],[-66.28243,18.51476]]],[[[-155.54211,19.08348],[-155.68817,18.91619],[-155.93665,19.05939],[-155.90806,19.33888],[-156.07347,19.70294],[-156.02368,19.81422],[-155.85008,19.97729],[-155.91907,20.17395],[-155.86108,20.26721],[-155.78505,20.2487],[-155.40214,20.07975],[-155.22452,19.99302],[-155.06226,19.8591],[-154.80741,19.50871],[-154.83147,19.45328],[-155.22217,19.23972],[-155.54211,19.08348]]],[[[-156.07926,20.64397],[-156.41445,20.57241],[-156.58673,20.783],[-156.70167,20.8643],[-156.71055,20.92676],[-156.61258,21.01249],[-156.25711,20.91745],[-155.99566,20.76404],[-156.07926,20.64397]]],[[[-156.75824,21.17684],[-156.78933,21.06873],[-157.32521,21.09777],[-157.25027,21.21958],[-156.75824,21.17684]]],[[[-157.65283,21.32217],[-157.70703,21.26442],[-157.7786,21.27729],[-158.12667,21.31244],[-158.2538,21.53919],[-158.29265,21.57912],[-158.0252,21.71696],[-157.94161,21.65272],[-157.65283,21.32217]]],[[[-159.34512,21.982],[-159.46372,21.88299],[-159.80051,22.06533],[-159.74877,22.1382],[-159.5962,22.23618],[-159.36569,22.21494],[-159.34512,21.982]]],[[[-94.81758,49.38905],[-94.64,48.84],[-94.32914,48.67074],[-93.63087,48.60926],[-92.61,48.45],[-91.64,48.14],[-90.83,48.27],[-89.6,48.01],[-89.27292,48.01981],[-88.37811,48.30292],[-87.43979,47.94],[-86.46199,47.55334],[-85.65236,47.22022],[-84.87608,46.90008],[-84.77924,46.6371],[-84.54375,46.53868],[-84.6049,46.4396],[-84.3367,46.40877],[-84.14212,46.51223],[-84.09185,46.27542],[-83.89077,46.11693],[-83.61613,46.11693],[-83.46955,45.99469],[-83.59285,45.81689],[-82.55092,45.34752],[-82.33776,44.44],[-82.13764,43.57109],[-82.43,42.98],[-82.9,42.43],[-83.12,42.08],[-83.142,41.97568],[-83.02981,41.8328],[-82.69009,41.67511],[-82.43928,41.67511],[-81.27775,42.20903],[-80.24745,42.3662],[-78.93936,42.86361],[-78.92,42.965],[-79.01,43.27],[-79.17167,43.46634],[-78.72028,43.62509],[-77.73789,43.62906],[-76.82003,43.62878],[-76.5,44.01846],[-76.375,44.09631],[-75.31821,44.81645],[-74.867,45.00048],[-73.34783,45.00738],[-71.50506,45.0082],[-71.405,45.255],[-71.08482,45.30524],[-70.66,45.46],[-70.305,45.915],[-69.99997,46.69307],[-69.23722,47.44778],[-68.905,47.185],[-68.23444,47.35486],[-67.79046,47.06636],[-67.79134,45.70281],[-67.13741,45.13753],[-66.96466,44.8097],[-68.03252,44.3252],[-69.06,43.98],[-70.11617,43.68405],[-70.64548,43.09024],[-70.81489,42.8653],[-70.825,42.335],[-70.495,41.805],[-70.08,41.78],[-70.185,42.145],[-69.88497,41.92283],[-69.96503,41.63717],[-70.64,41.475],[-71.12039,41.49445],[-71.86,41.32],[-72.295,41.27],[-72.87643,41.22065],[-73.71,40.9311],[-72.24126,41.11948],[-71.945,40.93],[-73.345,40.63],[-73.982,40.628],[-73.95232,40.75075],[-74.25671,40.47351],[-73.96244,40.42763],[-74.17838,39.70926],[-74.90604,38.93954],[-74.98041,39.1964],[-75.20002,39.24845],[-75.52805,39.4985],[-75.32,38.96],[-75.07183,38.78203],[-75.05673,38.40412],[-75.37747,38.01551],[-75.94023,37.21689],[-76.03127,37.2566],[-75.72205,37.93705],[-76.23287,38.31921],[-76.35,39.15],[-76.54272,38.71762],[-76.32933,38.08326],[-76.99,38.23999],[-76.30162,37.91794],[-76.25874,36.9664],[-75.9718,36.89726],[-75.86804,36.55125],[-75.72749,35.55074],[-76.36318,34.80854],[-77.39763,34.51201],[-78.05496,33.92547],[-78.55435,33.86133],[-79.06067,33.49395],[-79.20357,33.15839],[-80.30132,32.50935],[-80.86498,32.0333],[-81.33629,31.44049],[-81.49042,30.72999],[-81.31371,30.03552],[-80.98,29.18],[-80.53558,28.47213],[-80.53,28.04],[-80.05654,26.88],[-80.08801,26.20576],[-80.13156,25.81677],[-80.38103,25.20616],[-80.68,25.08],[-81.17213,25.20126],[-81.33,25.64],[-81.71,25.87],[-82.24,26.73],[-82.70515,27.49504],[-82.85526,27.88624],[-82.65,28.55],[-82.93,29.1],[-83.70959,29.93656],[-84.1,30.09],[-85.10882,29.63615],[-85.28784,29.68612],[-85.7731,30.15261],[-86.4,30.4],[-87.53036,30.27433],[-88.41782,30.3849],[-89.18049,30.31598],[-89.59383,30.15999],[-89.41373,29.89419],[-89.43,29.48864],[-89.21767,29.29108],[-89.40823,29.15961],[-89.77928,29.30714],[-90.15463,29.11743],[-90.88022,29.14854],[-91.62678,29.677],[-92.49906,29.5523],[-93.22637,29.78375],[-93.84842,29.71363],[-94.69,29.48],[-95.60026,28.73863],[-96.59404,28.30748],[-97.14,27.83],[-97.37,27.38],[-97.38,26.69],[-97.33,26.21],[-97.14,25.87],[-97.53,25.84],[-98.24,26.06],[-99.02,26.37],[-99.3,26.84],[-99.52,27.54],[-100.11,28.11],[-100.45584,28.69612],[-100.9576,29.38071],[-101.6624,29.7793],[-102.48,29.76],[-103.11,28.97],[-103.94,29.27],[-104.45697,29.57196],[-104.70575,30.12173],[-105.03737,30.64402],[-105.63159,31.08383],[-106.1429,31.39995],[-106.50759,31.75452],[-108.24,31.75485],[-108.24194,31.34222],[-109.035,31.34194],[-111.02361,31.33472],[-113.30498,32.03914],[-114.815,32.52528],[-114.72139,32.72083],[-115.99135,32.61239],[-117.12776,32.53534],[-117.29594,33.04622],[-117.944,33.62124],[-118.4106,33.74091],[-118.51989,34.02778],[-119.081,34.078],[-119.43884,34.34848],[-120.36778,34.44711],[-120.62286,34.60855],[-120.74433,35.15686],[-121.71457,36.16153],[-122.54747,37.55176],[-122.51201,37.78339],[-122.95319,38.11371],[-123.7272,38.95166],[-123.86517,39.76699],[-124.39807,40.3132],[-124.17886,41.14202],[-124.2137,41.99964],[-124.53284,42.76599],[-124.14214,43.70838],[-124.02053,44.6159],[-123.89893,45.52341],[-124.07963,46.86475],[-124.39567,47.72017],[-124.68721,48.18443],[-124.5661,48.37971],[-123.12,48.04],[-122.58736,47.096],[-122.34,47.36],[-122.5,48.18],[-122.84,49],[-120,49],[-117.03121,49],[-116.04818,49],[-113,49],[-110.05,49],[-107.05,49],[-104.04826,48.99986],[-100.65,49],[-97.22872,49.0007],[-95.15907,49],[-95.15609,49.38425],[-94.81758,49.38905]]],[[[-153.00631,57.11584],[-154.00509,56.73468],[-154.5164,56.99275],[-154.67099,57.4612],[-153.76278,57.81657],[-153.22873,57.96897],[-152.56479,57.90143],[-152.14115,57.59106],[-153.00631,57.11584]]],[[[-165.57916,59.90999],[-166.19277,59.75444],[-166.84834,59.94141],[-167.45528,60.21307],[-166.46779,60.38417],[-165.67443,60.29361],[-165.57916,59.90999]]],[[[-171.73166,63.78252],[-171.11443,63.59219],[-170.49111,63.69498],[-169.68251,63.43112],[-168.68944,63.29751],[-168.77194,63.1886],[-169.52944,62.97693],[-170.29056,63.19444],[-170.67139,63.37582],[-171.55306,63.31779],[-171.79111,63.40585],[-171.73166,63.78252]]],[[[-155.06779,71.14778],[-154.34417,70.69641],[-153.90001,70.88999],[-152.21001,70.82999],[-152.27,70.60001],[-150.73999,70.43002],[-149.72,70.53001],[-147.61336,70.21403],[-145.68999,70.12001],[-144.92001,69.98999],[-143.58945,70.15251],[-142.07251,69.85194],[-140.98599,69.712],[-140.9925,66.00003],[-140.99777,60.3064],[-140.013,60.27684],[-139.039,60.00001],[-138.34089,59.56211],[-137.4525,58.905],[-136.47972,59.46389],[-135.47583,59.78778],[-134.945,59.27056],[-134.27111,58.86111],[-133.35555,58.41029],[-132.73042,57.69289],[-131.70781,56.55212],[-130.00778,55.91583],[-129.97999,55.285],[-130.53611,54.80275],[-131.08582,55.17891],[-131.96721,55.49778],[-132.25001,56.37],[-133.53918,57.17889],[-134.07806,58.12307],[-135.03821,58.18771],[-136.62806,58.21221],[-137.80001,58.5],[-139.86779,59.53776],[-140.82527,59.72752],[-142.57444,60.08445],[-143.95888,59.99918],[-145.92556,60.45861],[-147.11437,60.88466],[-148.22431,60.67299],[-148.01807,59.97833],[-148.57082,59.91417],[-149.72786,59.70566],[-150.60824,59.36821],[-151.71639,59.15582],[-151.85943,59.74498],[-151.40972,60.7258],[-150.34694,61.03359],[-150.62111,61.28442],[-151.89584,60.7272],[-152.57833,60.06166],[-154.01917,59.35028],[-153.28751,58.86473],[-154.23249,58.14637],[-155.30749,57.72779],[-156.30833,57.42277],[-156.5561,56.97998],[-158.11722,56.46361],[-158.43332,55.99415],[-159.60333,55.56669],[-160.28972,55.64358],[-161.22305,55.36473],[-162.23777,55.02419],[-163.06945,54.68974],[-164.78557,54.40417],[-164.94223,54.57222],[-163.84834,55.03943],[-162.87,55.34804],[-161.80417,55.89499],[-160.5636,56.00805],[-160.07056,56.41806],[-158.68444,57.01668],[-158.4611,57.21692],[-157.72277,57.57],[-157.55027,58.32833],[-157.04167,58.91888],[-158.19473,58.6158],[-158.51722,58.78778],[-159.05861,58.42419],[-159.71167,58.93139],[-159.98129,58.57255],[-160.35527,59.07112],[-161.355,58.67084],[-161.96889,58.67166],[-162.05499,59.26693],[-161.87417,59.63362],[-162.51806,59.98972],[-163.81834,59.79806],[-164.66222,60.26748],[-165.34639,60.5075],[-165.35083,61.0739],[-166.12138,61.50002],[-165.73445,62.075],[-164.91918,62.63308],[-164.56251,63.14638],[-163.75333,63.21945],[-163.06722,63.05946],[-162.26056,63.54194],[-161.53445,63.45582],[-160.77251,63.76611],[-160.95834,64.2228],[-161.51807,64.40279],[-160.77778,64.7886],[-161.39193,64.77724],[-162.45305,64.55944],[-162.75779,64.33861],[-163.54639,64.55916],[-164.96083,64.44695],[-166.42529,64.68667],[-166.845,65.0889],[-168.11056,65.67],[-166.70527,66.08832],[-164.47471,66.57666],[-163.65251,66.57666],[-163.7886,66.07721],[-161.67777,66.11612],[-162.48971,66.73557],[-163.71972,67.11639],[-164.43099,67.61634],[-165.39029,68.04277],[-166.76444,68.35888],[-166.20471,68.88303],[-164.43081,68.91554],[-163.16861,69.37111],[-162.93057,69.85806],[-161.9089,70.33333],[-160.9348,70.44769],[-159.03918,70.89164],[-158.11972,70.82472],[-156.58082,71.35776],[-155.06779,71.14778]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"United States\"}}]}","volume":"31","issue":"S1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58be833de4b014cc3a3a99fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rezaeian, Sanaz 0000-0001-7589-7893 srezaeian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7589-7893","contributorId":4395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rezaeian","given":"Sanaz","email":"srezaeian@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Petersen, Mark D. 0000-0001-8542-3990 mpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8542-3990","contributorId":1163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Mark","email":"mpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moschetti, Morgan P. 0000-0001-7261-0295 mmoschetti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7261-0295","contributorId":1662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moschetti","given":"Morgan","email":"mmoschetti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70187774,"text":"70187774 - 2015 - Conodont biostratigraphy of the Permian-Triassic boundary sequence at Lung Cam, Vietnam","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-18T14:33:41","indexId":"70187774","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2735,"text":"Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conodont biostratigraphy of the Permian-Triassic boundary sequence at Lung Cam, Vietnam","docAbstract":"<p><span>The occurrences of a few specimens of Clarkina and many specimens of Hindeodus at the Permian-Triassic boundary section at Lung Cam, Vietnam allow accurate graphic correlation to the P-T boundary stratotype at Meishan, China. One species of Clarkina, ten species and two subspecies of Hindeodus, and the apparatuses of Hindeodus latidentatus and Merrillina ultima are described and illustrated.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Micropaleontology Press","usgsCitation":"Wardlaw, B.R., Nestell, M.K., Nestell, G.P., Ellwood, B.B., and Lan, L., 2015, Conodont biostratigraphy of the Permian-Triassic boundary sequence at Lung Cam, Vietnam: Micropaleontology, v. 61, p. 313-334.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"313","endPage":"334","ipdsId":"IP-062992","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341485,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":341484,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.micropress.org/microaccess/micropaleontology/issue-320/article-1953"}],"country":"Vietnam","volume":"61","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591eb2e3e4b0a7fdb4418b94","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wardlaw, Bruce R. bwardlaw@usgs.gov","contributorId":266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wardlaw","given":"Bruce","email":"bwardlaw@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nestell, Merlynd K.","contributorId":68603,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nestell","given":"Merlynd","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":12734,"text":"University of Texas at Arlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nestell, Galina P.","contributorId":22651,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nestell","given":"Galina","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12734,"text":"University of Texas at Arlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ellwood, Brooks B.","contributorId":44814,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellwood","given":"Brooks","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lan, Luu Thi Phuong","contributorId":192129,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lan","given":"Luu Thi Phuong","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70184219,"text":"70184219 - 2015 - Updates to building-code maps for the 2015 NEHRP recommended seismic provisions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-06T11:25:59","indexId":"70184219","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Updates to building-code maps for the 2015 NEHRP recommended seismic provisions","docAbstract":"<p><span>With the 2014 update of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) as a basis, the Building Seismic Safety Council (BSSC) has updated the earthquake ground motion maps in the </span><i>National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) Recommended Seismic Provisions for New Buildings and Other Structures</i><span>, with partial funding from the Federal Emergency Management Agency. Anticipated adoption of the updated maps into the </span><i>American Society of Civil Engineers Minimum Design Loads for Building and Other Structures</i><span> and the </span><i>International Building and Residential Codes</i><span> is underway. Relative to the ground motions in the prior edition of each of these documents, most of the updated values are within a ±20% change. The larger changes are, in most cases, due to the USGS NSHM updates, reasons for which are given in companion publications. In some cases, the larger changes are partly due to a BSSC update of the slope of the fragility curve that is used to calculate the risk-targeted ground motions, and/or the introduction by BSSC of a quantitative definition of “active faults” used to calculate deterministic ground motions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"EERI","doi":"10.1193/042015EQS058M","usgsCitation":"Luco, N., Bachman, R., Crouse, C., Harris, J.R., Hooper, J.D., Kircher, C.A., Caldwell, P., and Rukstales, K.S., 2015, Updates to building-code maps for the 2015 NEHRP recommended seismic provisions: Earthquake Spectra, v. 31, no. S1, p. S245-S271, https://doi.org/10.1193/042015EQS058M.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"S245","endPage":"S271","ipdsId":"IP-070778","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438662,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9NT3NRE","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Gridded earthquake ground motions for the 2015 NEHRP Recommended Seismic Provisions and 2016 ASCE/SEI 7 Standard"},{"id":336870,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"S1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58be833de4b014cc3a3a99fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luco, Nico 0000-0002-5763-9847 nluco@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5763-9847","contributorId":145730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luco","given":"Nico","email":"nluco@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bachman, Robert","contributorId":187485,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bachman","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crouse, C.B","contributorId":187486,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crouse","given":"C.B","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harris, James R.","contributorId":187541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harris","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hooper, John D.","contributorId":7601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooper","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kircher, Charles A.","contributorId":106596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kircher","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Caldwell, Phillp","contributorId":187488,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caldwell","given":"Phillp","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rukstales, Kenneth S. 0000-0003-2818-078X rukstales@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2818-078X","contributorId":775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rukstales","given":"Kenneth","email":"rukstales@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70187776,"text":"70187776 - 2015 - Conodont faunas from a complete basinal succession of the upper part of the Wordian (Middle Permian, Guadalupian, West Texas)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-18T14:30:57","indexId":"70187776","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2735,"text":"Micropaleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conodont faunas from a complete basinal succession of the upper part of the Wordian (Middle Permian, Guadalupian, West Texas)","docAbstract":"<p>In the southern part of the Patterson Hills just to the west of the Guadalupe Mountains escarpment ofWest Texas, a 29m outcrop of alternating calcareous siltstone and silty limestone with a few thin fine sandstone interbeds displays the overlap occurrence of a narrowmorphotype of Jinogondolella nankingensis (herein named J. nankingensis behnkeni) with J. aserrata near its base. The transition of Jinogondolella aserrata to J. postserrata is present near the top of this section and marks theWordian-Capitanian boundary, therefore displaying a significant portion of the upper part of theWordian in one short continuous section. Pseudohindeodus brevis n. sp. and H. capitanensis n. sp. are described. Pseudohindeodus ramovsi, Caenodontus serrulatus, Hindeodus wordensis, Sweetina triticum, Jinogondolella palmata, and J. errata also occur in this succession.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Micropaleontology Press","usgsCitation":"Wardlaw, B.R., and Nestell, M.K., 2015, Conodont faunas from a complete basinal succession of the upper part of the Wordian (Middle Permian, Guadalupian, West Texas): Micropaleontology, v. 61, p. 257-292.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"292","ipdsId":"IP-071644","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341454,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.micropress.org/microaccess/micropaleontology/issue-320/article-1950"},{"id":341483,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","volume":"61","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591eb2e3e4b0a7fdb4418b8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wardlaw, Bruce R. bwardlaw@usgs.gov","contributorId":266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wardlaw","given":"Bruce","email":"bwardlaw@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nestell, Merlynd K.","contributorId":68603,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nestell","given":"Merlynd","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":12734,"text":"University of Texas at Arlington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70174114,"text":"70174114 - 2015 - Why are freshwater fish so threatened?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-28T16:20:39","indexId":"70174114","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Why are freshwater fish so threatened?","docAbstract":"<p>The huge diversity of freshwater fishes is concentrated into an area of habitat that covers only about 1% of the Earth's surface, and much of this limited area has already been extensively impacted and intensively managed to meet human needs (Dudgeon&nbsp;<i>et al</i>., 2006). As outlined in Chapter 1, the number and proportions of threatened species tend to rise wherever fish diversity coincides with dense human populations, intensive resource use and development pressure. Of particular concern is the substantial proportion of the global diversity of freshwater fishes concentrated within the Mekong and Amazon Basins and west-central Africa (Berra, 2001; Abell&nbsp;<i>et al</i>., 2008; Dudgeon, 2011; Chapter 1) with extensive exploitation of water resources planned to accelerate in future years (Dudgeon, 2011; Chapter 1). If current trends continue, and the social, political and economic models that have been used to develop industrialised regions of the world over the past two centuries prevail, then the future of a significant proportion of global diversity of freshwater fish species is clearly uncertain.</p>\n<p>Understanding why so many freshwater fish species are threatened requires some understanding of their biology, diversity, distribution, biogeography and ecology, but also some appreciation of the social, economic and political forces that are causing humans to destroy the natural ecosystems upon which we all ultimately depend. To begin to understand the diversity of freshwater fishes, we first need to consider the processes that generated and continue to sustain the diversity of species we see today. Based on an understanding of how freshwater fish diversity is generated and sustained, we consider how vulnerable or resilient various freshwater fishes are to the range of anthropogenic impacts that impinge on freshwater ecosystems. Finally, we discuss how social, political and economic drivers influence human impacts on natural systems, and the changes needed to current models of development that can lead to a sustainable future for humans and the diverse range of freshwater fish species with which we share our planet. The aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of the key issues and threats driving the declines in freshwater fish diversity identified in Chapter 1; subsequent chapters provide more detail on the key issues and address our options for developing a sustainable future for freshwater fishes.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Conservation of Freshwater Fishes","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/CBO9781139627085","usgsCitation":"Closs, G.P., Angermeier, P.L., Darwall, W.R., and Balcombe, S.R., 2015, Why are freshwater fish so threatened?, chap. <i>of</i> Conservation of Freshwater Fishes, p. 37-75, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139627085.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"75","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059105","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324566,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57739fb9e4b07657d1a90daa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Closs, Gerard P.","contributorId":172538,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Closs","given":"Gerard","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Angermeier, Paul L. 0000-0003-2864-170X biota@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2864-170X","contributorId":166679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angermeier","given":"Paul","email":"biota@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Darwall, William R.T.","contributorId":94981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darwall","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Balcombe, Stephen R.","contributorId":172539,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balcombe","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70174146,"text":"70174146 - 2015 - Management and the conservation of freshwater ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-28T15:41:28","indexId":"70174146","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Management and the conservation of freshwater ecosystems","docAbstract":"<p>Riparian areas are the terrestrial environment adjacent to water that both influences and is influenced by the aquatic feature (Gregory&nbsp;<i>et al</i>., 1991; Naiman&nbsp;<i>et al</i>., 2010). Riparian areas along streams provide shade, sources of wood and organic matter, contribute to bank stability, filter sediments, take up excess nutrients from groundwater inputs, and other key processes that protect freshwaters (e.g. Naiman&nbsp;<i>et al</i>., 2010; Richardson &amp; Danehy, 2007; Figure 9.1). Riparian areas also increase biodiversity through habitat complexity and close juxtaposition of aquatic and terrestrial environments (Quinn&nbsp;<i>et al</i>., 2004; Naiman&nbsp;<i>et al</i>., 2010). Alterations to riparian areas, despite their small area relative to the landscape, have disproportionate effects on habitats and fish communities (Naiman&nbsp;<i>et al</i>., 2010; Wipfli &amp; Baxter, 2010). Key habitat losses and alterations are derived from modification of riparian areas by reducing instream habitat complexity (Bilby &amp; Ward, 1989; Fausch &amp; Northcote, 1992; Naiman&nbsp;<i>et al</i>., 2010), diminishing the productive basis of freshwater food webs (Belsky&nbsp;<i>et al</i>., 1999; Quinn&nbsp;<i>et al</i>., 2004), increasing nutrient, contaminant and sediment intrusion (Muscutt&nbsp;<i>et al</i>., 1993; Daniels &amp; Gilliam, 1996; Nguyen&nbsp;<i>et al</i>., 1998; Waters, 1999).</p>\n<p>Riparian and freshwater ecosystems are typically tightly coupled, especially in their natural states, and the linkages that couple them frequently exert strong influence on their associated invertebrate and fish fauna (e.g. Gregory&nbsp;<i>et al</i>., 1991; Naiman&nbsp;<i>et al</i>., 2010). Riparian habitats, and the condition of these habitats, further plays a key role in the ecology of these fresh waters, influencing critical processes such as water, nutrient and sediment delivery and dynamics; prey resources for fish and other consumers, and other organic materials exchanged between aquatic and terrestrial habitats (Nakano&nbsp;<i>et al</i>., 1999; Naiman&nbsp;<i>et al</i>., 2010); light and water temperature dynamics that in turn affect food web processes and fish metabolism and growth; aquatic physical habitat (wood); and terrestrial consumers that prey upon fishes (Bisson &amp; Bilby, 1998; Naiman&nbsp;<i>et al</i>., 2010; Wipfli &amp; Baxter, 2010). These processes in turn directly or indirectly influence fishes in freshwater systems (Wang&nbsp;<i>et al</i>., 2001; Pusey &amp; Arthington, 2003; Allan, 2004; Richardson&nbsp;<i>et al</i>., 2010a).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/CBO9781139627085.010","usgsCitation":"Wipfli, M.S., and Richardson, J.S., 2015, Management and the conservation of freshwater ecosystems, p. 270-291, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139627085.010.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"270","endPage":"291","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055418","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324546,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57739fb1e4b07657d1a90cde","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wipfli, Mark S. 0000-0002-4856-6068 mwipfli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4856-6068","contributorId":1425,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wipfli","given":"Mark","email":"mwipfli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Richardson, John S.","contributorId":172517,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Richardson","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":641099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70158953,"text":"70158953 - 2015 - Aniakchak National Monument and Preserve: Geologic resources inventory report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-13T10:56:23","indexId":"70158953","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":273,"text":"Natural Resource Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"NPS/NRSS/GRD/NRR—2015/1033","title":"Aniakchak National Monument and Preserve: Geologic resources inventory report","docAbstract":"<p><span>This GRI report is a companion document to previously completed GRI digital geologic map data. It was written for resource managers to support science-informed decision making. It may also be useful for interpretation. The report was prepared using available geologic information, and the NPS Geologic Resources Division conducted no new fieldwork in association with its preparation. Sections of the report discuss distinctive geologic features and processes within the park, highlight geologic issues facing resource managers, describe the geologic history leading to the present-day landscape, and provide information about the GRI geologic map data. A poster illustrates these data. The Map Unit Properties Table summarizes report content for each geologic map unit.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Hults, C.P., and Neal, C.A., 2015, Aniakchak National Monument and Preserve: Geologic resources inventory report: Natural Resource Report NPS/NRSS/GRD/NRR—2015/1033, xii, 82 p.","productDescription":"xii, 82 p.","numberOfPages":"109","ipdsId":"IP-063183","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339674,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":309785,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.nature.nps.gov/geology/inventory/publications/s_summaries/ALAG-ANIA-KATM-KEFJ-LACL_scoping_summary_20051031.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Aniakchak National Monument and Preserve","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -158.34457397460938,\n              56.66603819878973\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.61260986328125,\n              56.66603819878973\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.61260986328125,\n              57.10567321405914\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.34457397460938,\n              57.10567321405914\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.34457397460938,\n              56.66603819878973\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f08e61e4b06911a29fa856","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hults, Chad P. chults@usgs.gov","contributorId":1930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hults","given":"Chad","email":"chults@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neal, Christina A. 0000-0002-7697-7825 tneal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7697-7825","contributorId":131135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neal","given":"Christina","email":"tneal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70192950,"text":"70192950 - 2015 - Developing a conservation strategy to maximize persistence of an endangered freshwater mussel species while considering management effectiveness and cost","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-29T13:52:49","indexId":"70192950","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1699,"text":"Freshwater Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developing a conservation strategy to maximize persistence of an endangered freshwater mussel species while considering management effectiveness and cost","docAbstract":"<p>We used a structured decision-making process to develop conservation strategies to increase persistence of Dwarf Wedgemussel (<i>Alasmidonta heterodon</i>) in North Carolina, USA, while accounting for uncertainty in management effectiveness and considering costs. Alternative conservation strategies were portfolios of management actions that differed by location of management actions on the landscape. Objectives of the conservation strategy were to maximize species persistence, maintain genetic diversity, maximize public support, and minimize management costs. We compared 4 conservation strategies: 1) the ‘status quo’ strategy represented current management, 2) the ‘protect the best’ strategy focused on protecting the best populations in the Tar River basin, 3) the ‘expand the distribution’ strategy focused on management of extant populations and establishment of new populations in the Neuse River basin, and 4) the ‘hybrid’ strategy combined elements of each strategy to balance conservation in the Tar and Neuse River basins. A population model informed requirements for population management, and experts projected performance of alternative strategies over a 20-y period. The optimal strategy depended on the relative value placed on competing objectives, which can vary among stakeholders. The protect the best and hybrid strategies were optimal across a wide range of relative values with 2 exceptions: 1) if minimizing management cost was of overriding concern, then status quo was optimal, or 2) if maximizing population persistence in the Neuse River basin was emphasized, then expand the distribution strategy was optimal. The optimal strategy was robust to uncertainty in management effectiveness. Overall, the structured decision process can help identify the most promising strategies for endangered species conservation that maximize conservation benefit given the constraint of limited funding.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/683121","usgsCitation":"Smith, D.R., McRae, S.E., Augspurger, T., Ratcliffe, J.A., Nichols, R.B., Eads, C.B., Savidge, T., and Bogan, A.E., 2015, Developing a conservation strategy to maximize persistence of an endangered freshwater mussel species while considering management effectiveness and cost: Freshwater Science, v. 34, no. 4, p. 1324-1339, https://doi.org/10.1086/683121.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1324","endPage":"1339","ipdsId":"IP-057103","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348665,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-75.753765,35.199612],[-75.718015,35.209377],[-75.684006,35.232913],[-75.664512,35.227514],[-75.630358,35.238487],[-75.599005,35.256253],[-75.596915,35.269491],[-75.581935,35.263917],[-75.535741,35.272856],[-75.529393,35.288272],[-75.487678,35.485056],[-75.487528,35.525889],[-75.47861,35.553069],[-75.48133,35.622896],[-75.487678,35.648287],[-75.507385,35.680564],[-75.515397,35.73038],[-75.533512,35.773577],[-75.522232,35.774178],[-75.496086,35.728515],[-75.458659,35.596597],[-75.471355,35.479615],[-75.486771,35.391652],[-75.52592,35.233839],[-75.533627,35.225825],[-75.560225,35.232048],[-75.610101,35.227514],[-75.769705,35.180359],[-75.944725,35.105091],[-76.013145,35.061855],[-76.013561,35.068832],[-75.99188,35.092395],[-75.989175,35.115165],[-75.98395,35.120042],[-75.9547,35.1196],[-75.893942,35.150433],[-75.801444,35.183079],[-75.785729,35.194244],[-75.753765,35.199612]]],[[[-75.675245,35.929024],[-75.65954,35.919564],[-75.662019,35.906522],[-75.64512,35.905788],[-75.62767,35.883149],[-75.616833,35.856331],[-75.619772,35.847606],[-75.614361,35.815659],[-75.620454,35.809253],[-75.63898,35.818639],[-75.667891,35.82354],[-75.675054,35.830204],[-75.660086,35.83861],[-75.663356,35.869835],[-75.67283,35.882423],[-75.681415,35.88398],[-75.697672,35.901639],[-75.696871,35.909556],[-75.702165,35.915428],[-75.723782,35.925569],[-75.727251,35.93362],[-75.718266,35.939714],[-75.705323,35.939403],[-75.675245,35.929024]]],[[[-76.12236,36.550621],[-75.867044,36.550754],[-75.818735,36.357579],[-75.773329,36.231529],[-75.71831,36.113674],[-75.658537,36.02043],[-75.569794,35.863301],[-75.533012,35.787377],[-75.536428,35.780118],[-75.543259,35.779691],[-75.573083,35.828867],[-75.588878,35.844926],[-75.619151,35.889415],[-75.620114,35.925288],[-75.648899,35.965758],[-75.668379,35.978394],[-75.678909,35.993925],[-75.723662,36.003139],[-75.727084,36.01051],[-75.722609,36.037362],[-75.737088,36.040784],[-75.74051,36.046839],[-75.73972,36.07527],[-75.75572,36.153922],[-75.783676,36.215949],[-75.811588,36.244014],[-75.808165,36.259545],[-75.814483,36.285344],[-75.822907,36.291662],[-75.837913,36.294558],[-75.845284,36.305614],[-75.841335,36.328517],[-75.831858,36.339047],[-75.831595,36.346418],[-75.836201,36.363135],[-75.85147,36.379456],[-75.85147,36.415785],[-75.864106,36.430527],[-75.888325,36.441583],[-75.899908,36.482124],[-75.907279,36.485809],[-75.924127,36.482124],[-75.935473,36.490601],[-75.972545,36.494671],[-76.003708,36.506235],[-76.023627,36.500778],[-76.031949,36.482496],[-76.012337,36.447462],[-75.98005,36.435464],[-75.962285,36.41724],[-75.940676,36.41885],[-75.928369,36.428588],[-75.923601,36.425788],[-75.916409,36.38901],[-75.923331,36.361863],[-75.895285,36.319615],[-75.882154,36.284674],[-75.864933,36.284674],[-75.86052,36.280607],[-75.867356,36.252483],[-75.864154,36.235522],[-75.858703,36.222628],[-75.848838,36.21657],[-75.838367,36.200129],[-75.839924,36.17711],[-75.823915,36.158332],[-75.822531,36.145957],[-75.800378,36.112728],[-75.791637,36.082267],[-75.793974,36.07171],[-75.836084,36.092616],[-75.867792,36.127262],[-75.863914,36.159226],[-75.882987,36.186807],[-75.910658,36.212157],[-75.922344,36.244122],[-75.94984,36.25787],[-75.96462,36.254433],[-75.957058,36.247903],[-75.945372,36.222468],[-75.956027,36.198065],[-75.936436,36.18088],[-75.904999,36.164188],[-75.939047,36.165518],[-76.016984,36.186367],[-76.029086,36.202036],[-76.043838,36.210126],[-76.054308,36.229162],[-76.08148,36.237935],[-76.132005,36.287773],[-76.184702,36.298166],[-76.188717,36.281242],[-76.171378,36.265806],[-76.149486,36.263902],[-76.115851,36.214219],[-76.080106,36.19944],[-76.05992,36.15514],[-76.064224,36.143775],[-76.092555,36.135794],[-76.178946,36.123424],[-76.206873,36.137521],[-76.254064,36.18419],[-76.273316,36.189062],[-76.27699,36.184952],[-76.247401,36.161823],[-76.228527,36.130647],[-76.191715,36.107197],[-76.216599,36.095409],[-76.265037,36.104886],[-76.329921,36.133396],[-76.373571,36.138208],[-76.3935,36.163251],[-76.447812,36.192514],[-76.454414,36.189901],[-76.456061,36.183577],[-76.375892,36.12042],[-76.346418,36.121023],[-76.334965,36.110903],[-76.298733,36.1012],[-76.303998,36.092776],[-76.323478,36.084879],[-76.355069,36.086458],[-76.410878,36.078034],[-76.420881,36.06066],[-76.451418,36.039073],[-76.459316,36.024331],[-76.491959,36.018013],[-76.514335,36.00564],[-76.547505,36.009852],[-76.580674,36.00722],[-76.60384,36.033018],[-76.615423,36.037757],[-76.653332,36.035124],[-76.676484,36.043612],[-76.721445,36.147838],[-76.719401,36.199441],[-76.675462,36.266882],[-76.693253,36.278357],[-76.744436,36.212725],[-76.7521,36.147328],[-76.722996,36.066585],[-76.679657,35.991951],[-76.70019,35.964573],[-76.692376,35.945342],[-76.667547,35.933509],[-76.528551,35.944039],[-76.473795,35.960888],[-76.460632,35.970365],[-76.398242,35.984317],[-76.38192,35.971681],[-76.381394,35.96273],[-76.362966,35.942197],[-76.340327,35.94325],[-76.317687,35.946935],[-76.272408,35.972734],[-76.213966,35.988002],[-76.176585,35.993267],[-76.093697,35.993001],[-76.083131,35.989845],[-76.062071,35.993004],[-76.024162,35.970891],[-76.014159,35.957202],[-76.01995,35.934036],[-76.014353,35.920746],[-76.063203,35.853433],[-76.050485,35.806689],[-76.046813,35.717935],[-76.036393,35.690344],[-76.046361,35.659067],[-76.04015,35.65131],[-76.029863,35.649443],[-76.013808,35.669103],[-75.9869,35.768194],[-75.987148,35.836967],[-75.97783,35.897181],[-75.962562,35.901393],[-75.94782,35.920347],[-75.927286,35.93193],[-75.92676,35.940354],[-75.943608,35.952464],[-75.947293,35.959835],[-75.899382,35.977209],[-75.84989,35.976156],[-75.80935,35.959308],[-75.800926,35.944566],[-75.782498,35.935615],[-75.778813,35.918241],[-75.751961,35.878227],[-75.748276,35.852428],[-75.734587,35.839266],[-75.727216,35.822703],[-75.726689,35.811361],[-75.739357,35.770994],[-75.724743,35.742892],[-75.71294,35.69849],[-75.713502,35.693993],[-75.741605,35.672073],[-75.742167,35.655212],[-75.729802,35.625985],[-75.747225,35.610248],[-75.778138,35.592262],[-75.775328,35.579335],[-75.837154,35.570904],[-75.859636,35.586641],[-75.895045,35.573152],[-75.916403,35.538305],[-75.950126,35.530998],[-75.964178,35.511326],[-75.963053,35.493903],[-75.987222,35.484348],[-75.995652,35.475355],[-75.997901,35.453435],[-76.009704,35.442194],[-76.01139,35.423084],[-76.020945,35.410719],[-76.025441,35.408471],[-76.050171,35.415778],[-76.059726,35.410157],[-76.063661,35.405099],[-76.059726,35.383741],[-76.069281,35.370813],[-76.132793,35.349455],[-76.14291,35.338776],[-76.14291,35.32866],[-76.149655,35.326411],[-76.182254,35.336528],[-76.20586,35.336528],[-76.235087,35.350017],[-76.253072,35.350017],[-76.257569,35.344397],[-76.265437,35.343273],[-76.282299,35.345521],[-76.304781,35.355638],[-76.327263,35.356762],[-76.335132,35.355638],[-76.340752,35.346645],[-76.349745,35.345521],[-76.382344,35.356762],[-76.399206,35.348893],[-76.408199,35.350017],[-76.431805,35.362383],[-76.436301,35.37812],[-76.448666,35.383741],[-76.462156,35.380368],[-76.472273,35.371375],[-76.485762,35.371375],[-76.540292,35.410657],[-76.586349,35.508957],[-76.476706,35.511707],[-76.456427,35.550546],[-76.471207,35.55742],[-76.48358,35.538172],[-76.55679,35.528892],[-76.600441,35.538516],[-76.634468,35.510332],[-76.601472,35.460838],[-76.580187,35.387113],[-76.606041,35.387113],[-76.710083,35.427155],[-76.759234,35.418906],[-76.830897,35.447949],[-76.942022,35.473529],[-77.023912,35.514802],[-77.026638,35.490569],[-76.967214,35.438296],[-76.891938,35.433649],[-76.664027,35.345696],[-76.500375,35.321915],[-76.482389,35.314046],[-76.467776,35.276951],[-76.467776,35.261213],[-76.477893,35.243228],[-76.490258,35.233111],[-76.494755,35.212877],[-76.521733,35.192643],[-76.536346,35.174657],[-76.539719,35.166788],[-76.536346,35.142058],[-76.546463,35.122948],[-76.557704,35.116204],[-76.568945,35.097094],[-76.60042,35.067867],[-76.631895,35.056626],[-76.801426,34.964369],[-76.982904,35.060607],[-76.989778,35.045484],[-76.977404,35.004926],[-76.89354,34.957495],[-76.762931,34.920374],[-76.635072,34.989116],[-76.588055,34.991428],[-76.566697,34.998173],[-76.502623,35.007166],[-76.491382,35.017283],[-76.490258,35.034144],[-76.474521,35.070116],[-76.463468,35.076411],[-76.435762,35.057941],[-76.425461,35.001464],[-76.395625,34.975179],[-76.332044,34.970917],[-76.326361,34.976245],[-76.329557,34.986901],[-76.364367,35.034853],[-76.318546,35.020645],[-76.288354,35.005726],[-76.296524,34.976245],[-76.275567,34.960971],[-76.277698,34.940014],[-76.347673,34.872171],[-76.368274,34.872881],[-76.379641,34.86258],[-76.400242,34.855476],[-76.463016,34.785076],[-76.524712,34.681964],[-76.586236,34.698805],[-76.582421,34.767757],[-76.604796,34.787482],[-76.620606,34.784389],[-76.616567,34.714059],[-76.673619,34.71491],[-76.673537,34.70757],[-76.523303,34.652271],[-76.383827,34.807906],[-76.322808,34.86116],[-76.233672,34.925926],[-76.093349,35.048705],[-76.069906,35.075701],[-76.043621,35.070017],[-76.035933,35.058987],[-76.137269,34.987858],[-76.233088,34.905477],[-76.31021,34.852309],[-76.386804,34.784579],[-76.494068,34.66197],[-76.524199,34.615416],[-76.535946,34.588577],[-76.555196,34.615993],[-76.549343,34.645585],[-76.579467,34.660174],[-76.642939,34.677618],[-76.676312,34.693151],[-76.770044,34.696899],[-76.817453,34.693722],[-76.990262,34.669623],[-77.136843,34.632926],[-77.209161,34.605032],[-77.322524,34.535574],[-77.462922,34.471354],[-77.556943,34.417218],[-77.661673,34.341868],[-77.740136,34.272546],[-77.829209,34.162618],[-77.878161,34.067963],[-77.915536,33.971723],[-77.946568,33.912261],[-77.960172,33.853315],[-77.970606,33.844517],[-78.009973,33.861406],[-78.018689,33.888289],[-78.095429,33.906031],[-78.17772,33.914272],[-78.276147,33.912364],[-78.383964,33.901946],[-78.509042,33.865515],[-78.541087,33.851112],[-79.358317,34.545358],[-79.675299,34.804744],[-80.797543,34.819786],[-80.782042,34.935782],[-80.93495,35.107409],[-81.041489,35.044703],[-81.057648,35.062433],[-81.058029,35.07319],[-81.052078,35.096276],[-81.032806,35.108049],[-81.038968,35.126299],[-81.05042,35.131048],[-81.044391,35.147918],[-81.239358,35.159974],[-82.27492,35.200071],[-82.314863,35.191089],[-82.32335,35.184789],[-82.344554,35.193115],[-82.361469,35.190831],[-82.36899,35.181747],[-82.379712,35.186884],[-82.378744,35.198053],[-82.390439,35.215395],[-82.403348,35.204473],[-82.417597,35.200131],[-82.439595,35.165863],[-82.448969,35.165037],[-82.455609,35.177425],[-82.460092,35.178143],[-82.483937,35.173798],[-82.495506,35.164312],[-82.516044,35.163442],[-82.529973,35.155617],[-82.550508,35.159498],[-82.556168,35.151736],[-82.563767,35.151575],[-82.578316,35.142104],[-82.609706,35.139039],[-82.629031,35.126155],[-82.642237,35.129215],[-82.662381,35.118123],[-82.683625,35.125833],[-82.694898,35.098456],[-82.72701,35.094142],[-82.738379,35.079453],[-82.749491,35.078487],[-82.757704,35.068019],[-82.777376,35.064143],[-82.781973,35.066817],[-82.776357,35.081349],[-82.787867,35.085024],[-83.108535,35.000771],[-83.620185,34.992091],[-83.619985,34.986592],[-84.321869,34.988408],[-84.29024,35.225572],[-84.28322,35.226577],[-84.223718,35.269078],[-84.211818,35.266078],[-84.202879,35.255772],[-84.200117,35.244679],[-84.188417,35.239979],[-84.170416,35.245779],[-84.12889,35.243679],[-84.12115,35.250644],[-84.097508,35.247382],[-84.081117,35.261146],[-84.052612,35.269982],[-84.02141,35.301383],[-84.02651,35.309283],[-84.03501,35.311983],[-84.029377,35.333197],[-84.038081,35.348363],[-84.024756,35.353896],[-84.007586,35.371661],[-84.008207,35.389683],[-84.021782,35.407418],[-84.00225,35.422548],[-83.992568,35.438065],[-83.973057,35.448921],[-83.971439,35.455145],[-83.966656,35.454941],[-83.961054,35.462838],[-83.949389,35.461164],[-83.937015,35.471511],[-83.911773,35.476028],[-83.905612,35.48906],[-83.880074,35.518745],[-83.859261,35.521851],[-83.848502,35.519259],[-83.827428,35.524653],[-83.802434,35.541588],[-83.780129,35.550387],[-83.771736,35.562118],[-83.749894,35.561146],[-83.735669,35.565455],[-83.723459,35.561874],[-83.707199,35.568533],[-83.676268,35.570289],[-83.640498,35.566075],[-83.608889,35.579451],[-83.582,35.562684],[-83.56609,35.565993],[-83.498335,35.562981],[-83.485527,35.568204],[-83.479317,35.582764],[-83.455722,35.598045],[-83.445802,35.611803],[-83.421576,35.611186],[-83.396626,35.62272],[-83.388602,35.632352],[-83.366941,35.638728],[-83.35156,35.659858],[-83.334965,35.665471],[-83.321101,35.662815],[-83.312757,35.654809],[-83.297154,35.65775],[-83.290682,35.672638],[-83.258117,35.691924],[-83.255489,35.714974],[-83.251247,35.719916],[-83.240669,35.72676],[-83.214501,35.724434],[-83.18837,35.729798],[-83.159208,35.764892],[-83.120183,35.766234],[-83.07403,35.790016],[-83.036209,35.787405],[-83.001473,35.773752],[-82.992053,35.773948],[-82.964088,35.78998],[-82.961724,35.800491],[-82.945515,35.824662],[-82.920171,35.841664],[-82.918312,35.863977],[-82.901301,35.872593],[-82.901843,35.890274],[-82.911936,35.921618],[-82.901577,35.931446],[-82.898506,35.9451],[-82.874159,35.952698],[-82.860724,35.94743],[-82.852554,35.949089],[-82.826045,35.929721],[-82.82257,35.922531],[-82.804997,35.927168],[-82.805771,35.935316],[-82.800431,35.944155],[-82.787465,35.952163],[-82.785356,35.96253],[-82.774905,35.971978],[-82.785558,35.977795],[-82.785267,35.987927],[-82.776001,36.000103],[-82.750065,36.006004],[-82.688865,36.038604],[-82.684765,36.045004],[-82.637165,36.065805],[-82.618664,36.056105],[-82.618164,36.047005],[-82.609663,36.044906],[-82.596177,36.03188],[-82.595525,36.026012],[-82.614362,36.003506],[-82.613028,35.994],[-82.604239,35.987319],[-82.610889,35.967409],[-82.581003,35.965557],[-82.576678,35.959255],[-82.557874,35.953901],[-82.549682,35.964275],[-82.507068,35.977475],[-82.483498,35.996284],[-82.460658,36.007809],[-82.409458,36.083409],[-82.355157,36.115609],[-82.336756,36.114909],[-82.321448,36.119551],[-82.289455,36.13571],[-82.270954,36.12761],[-82.260353,36.13371],[-82.247521,36.130865],[-82.213852,36.159112],[-82.182549,36.143714],[-82.147948,36.149516],[-82.136547,36.128817],[-82.137974,36.119576],[-82.127146,36.104417],[-82.105444,36.108119],[-82.080303,36.105728],[-82.061342,36.113121],[-82.054142,36.126821],[-82.033141,36.120422],[-81.908137,36.302013],[-81.879382,36.313767],[-81.857333,36.334787],[-81.841268,36.343321],[-81.800812,36.358073],[-81.766102,36.338517],[-81.730976,36.341187],[-81.707438,36.335171],[-81.707785,36.346007],[-81.721334,36.353101],[-81.732865,36.376502],[-81.729813,36.388033],[-81.737952,36.39719],[-81.739648,36.406686],[-81.720734,36.422537],[-81.715229,36.436532],[-81.71489,36.45722],[-81.695311,36.467912],[-81.697829,36.507544],[-81.707573,36.526101],[-81.707963,36.536209],[-81.699962,36.536829],[-81.69003,36.552154],[-81.690236,36.568718],[-81.677036,36.570718],[-81.677535,36.588117],[-81.003802,36.563629],[-80.837954,36.559131],[-80.704831,36.562319],[-80.295243,36.543973],[-80.122183,36.542646],[-78.529722,36.540981],[-77.16966,36.547315],[-77.152691,36.544078],[-76.916048,36.543815],[-76.916989,36.550742],[-76.12236,36.550621]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"North Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"34","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fe48e4b06e28e9c252df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, David R. 0000-0001-6074-9257 drsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6074-9257","contributorId":168442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"David","email":"drsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McRae, Sarah E.","contributorId":198851,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McRae","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Augspurger, Tom","contributorId":189894,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Augspurger","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ratcliffe, Judith A.","contributorId":198852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ratcliffe","given":"Judith","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35728,"text":"North Carolina Natural Heritage Program","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nichols, Robert B.","contributorId":182112,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nichols","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":35598,"text":"North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Eads, Chris B.","contributorId":145790,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eads","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":35730,"text":"North Carolina State College of Veterinary Medicine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Savidge, Tim","contributorId":198853,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savidge","given":"Tim","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35348,"text":"The Catena Group Inc","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bogan, Arthur E.","contributorId":198854,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bogan","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":35349,"text":"North Carolina State Museum of Natural Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":717414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70176704,"text":"70176704 - 2015 - Seismic hazard in the Intermountain West","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-03T16:29:05","indexId":"70176704","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic hazard in the Intermountain West","docAbstract":"The 2014 national seismic-hazard model for the conterminous United States incorporates new scientific results and important model adjustments. The current model includes updates to the historical catalog, which is spatially smoothed using both fixed-length and adaptive-length smoothing kernels. Fault-source characterization improved by adding faults, revising rates of activity, and incorporating new results from combined inversions of geologic and geodetic data. The update also includes a new suite of published ground motion models. Changes in probabilistic ground motion are generally less than 10% in most of the Intermountain West compared to the prior assessment, and ground-motion hazard in four Intermountain West cities illustrates the range and magnitude of change in the region. Seismic hazard at reference sites in Boise and Reno increased as much as 10%, whereas hazard in Salt Lake City decreased 5–6%. The largest change was in Las Vegas, where hazard increased 32–35%.","language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Engineering Research Institute","doi":"10.1193/103114EQS173M","usgsCitation":"Haller, K., Moschetti, M.P., Mueller, C., Rezaeian, S., Petersen, M.D., and Zeng, Y., 2015, Seismic hazard in the Intermountain West: Earthquake Spectra, v. 31, no. S1, p. S149-S176, https://doi.org/10.1193/103114EQS173M.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"S149","endPage":"S176","ipdsId":"IP-069065","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329245,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"S1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7ee24e4b0bc0bec09e8ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haller, Kathleen 0000-0001-8847-7302 haller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8847-7302","contributorId":172556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haller","given":"Kathleen","email":"haller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moschetti, Morgan P. 0000-0001-7261-0295 mmoschetti@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7261-0295","contributorId":1662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moschetti","given":"Morgan","email":"mmoschetti@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mueller, Charles 0000-0002-1868-9710 cmueller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1868-9710","contributorId":140380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"Charles","email":"cmueller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rezaeian, Sanaz 0000-0001-7589-7893 srezaeian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7589-7893","contributorId":4395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rezaeian","given":"Sanaz","email":"srezaeian@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Petersen, Mark D. 0000-0001-8542-3990 mpetersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8542-3990","contributorId":1163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"Mark","email":"mpetersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zeng, Yuehua 0000-0003-1161-1264 zeng@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1161-1264","contributorId":145693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zeng","given":"Yuehua","email":"zeng@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70160784,"text":"70160784 - 2015 - Large-scale control site selection for population monitoring: an example assessing Sage-grouse trends","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-31T13:03:13","indexId":"70160784","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large-scale control site selection for population monitoring: an example assessing Sage-grouse trends","docAbstract":"<p>Human impacts on wildlife populations are widespread and prolific and understanding wildlife responses to human impacts is a fundamental component of wildlife management. The first step to understanding wildlife responses is the documentation of changes in wildlife population parameters, such as population size. Meaningful assessment of population changes in potentially impacted sites requires the establishment of monitoring at similar, nonimpacted, control sites. However, it is often difficult to identify appropriate control sites in wildlife populations. We demonstrated use of Geographic Information System (GIS) data across large spatial scales to select biologically relevant control sites for population monitoring. Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hearafter, sage-grouse) are negatively affected by energy development, and monitoring of sage-grouse population within energy development areas is necessary to detect population-level responses. Weused population data (1995&ndash;2012) from an energy development area in Wyoming, USA, the Atlantic Rim Project Area (ARPA), and GIS data to identify control sites that were not impacted by energy development for population monitoring. Control sites were surrounded by similar habitat and were within similar climate areas to the ARPA. We developed nonlinear trend models for both the ARPA and control sites and compared long-term trends from the 2 areas. We found little difference between the ARPA and control sites trends over time. This research demonstrated an approach for control site selection across large landscapes and can be used as a template for similar impact-monitoring studies. It is important to note that identification of changes in population parameters between control and treatment sites is only the first step in understanding the mechanisms that underlie those changes. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wsb.601","usgsCitation":"Fedy, B.C., O’Donnell, M.S., and Bowen, Z.H., 2015, Large-scale control site selection for population monitoring: an example assessing Sage-grouse trends: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 39, no. 4, p. 700-712, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.601.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"700","endPage":"712","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053414","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":499960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/1512b0d458ea4c8ab77bd670ee6a3220","text":"External Repository"},{"id":313148,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"South-Central","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -106.226806640625,\n              42.99259451971113\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.21508789062499,\n              42.97250158602597\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.97863769531249,\n              43.11702412135048\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.841064453125,\n              43.56845179881218\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.841064453125,\n              43.28920196020127\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.9124755859375,\n              42.601619944327965\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.05529785156249,\n              42.589488572714245\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.03881835937499,\n              41.000629848685385\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.2208251953125,\n              41.01721057822846\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.1109619140625,\n              41.27367811566259\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.0562744140625,\n              41.611335399441735\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.3421630859375,\n              41.693424216151314\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.226806640625,\n              42.99259451971113\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56865fc8e4b0e7594ee74ccf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fedy, Bradley C.","contributorId":64080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fedy","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Donnell, Michael S. 0000-0002-3488-003X odonnellm@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3488-003X","contributorId":140876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Michael","email":"odonnellm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bowen, Zachary H. 0000-0002-8656-1831 bowenz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8656-1831","contributorId":821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Zachary","email":"bowenz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70187762,"text":"70187762 - 2015 - Evaluation of the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) air temperature data products","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-17T11:19:03","indexId":"70187762","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2344,"text":"Journal of Hydrometeorology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) air temperature data products","docAbstract":"<p><span>There is a high demand for agrohydrologic models to use gridded near-surface air temperature data as the model input for estimating regional and global water budgets and cycles. The Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) developed by combining simulation models with observations provides a long-term gridded meteorological dataset at the global scale. However, the GLDAS air temperature products have not been comprehensively evaluated, although the accuracy of the products was assessed in limited areas. In this study, the daily 0.25° resolution GLDAS air temperature data are compared with two reference datasets: 1) 1-km-resolution gridded Daymet data (2002 and 2010) for the conterminous United States and 2) global meteorological observations (2000–11) archived from the Global Historical Climatology Network (GHCN). The comparison of the GLDAS datasets with the GHCN datasets, including 13 511 weather stations, indicates a fairly high accuracy of the GLDAS data for daily temperature. The quality of the GLDAS air temperature data, however, is not always consistent in different regions of the world; for example, some areas in Africa and South America show relatively low accuracy. Spatial and temporal analyses reveal a high agreement between GLDAS and Daymet daily air temperature datasets, although spatial details in high mountainous areas are not sufficiently estimated by the GLDAS data. The evaluation of the GLDAS data demonstrates that the air temperature estimates are generally accurate, but caution should be taken when the data are used in mountainous areas or places with sparse weather stations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/JHM-D-14-0230.1","usgsCitation":"Ji, L., Senay, G.B., and Verdin, J.P., 2015, Evaluation of the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) air temperature data products: Journal of Hydrometeorology, v. 16, p. 2463-2480, https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-14-0230.1.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"2463","endPage":"2480","ipdsId":"IP-060871","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471619,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-14-0230.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":341434,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593e26a5e4b0764e6c61b754","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ji, Lei 0000-0002-6133-1036 lji@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6133-1036","contributorId":139587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ji","given":"Lei","email":"lji@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":3114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Verdin, James P. 0000-0003-0238-9657 verdin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0238-9657","contributorId":720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verdin","given":"James","email":"verdin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":695524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70168393,"text":"70168393 - 2015 - Quantifying the adaptive cycle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-11T09:40:31","indexId":"70168393","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying the adaptive cycle","docAbstract":"<p><span>The adaptive cycle was proposed as a conceptual model to portray patterns of change in complex systems. Despite the model having potential for elucidating change across systems, it has been used mainly as a metaphor, describing system dynamics qualitatively. We use a quantitative approach for testing premises (reorganisation, conservatism, adaptation) in the adaptive cycle, using Baltic Sea phytoplankton communities as an example of such complex system dynamics. Phytoplankton organizes in recurring spring and summer blooms, a well-established paradigm in planktology and succession theory, with characteristic temporal trajectories during blooms that may be consistent with adaptive cycle phases. We used long-term (1994&ndash;2011) data and multivariate analysis of community structure to assess key components of the adaptive cycle. Specifically, we tested predictions about: reorganisation: spring and summer blooms comprise distinct community states; conservatism: community trajectories during individual adaptive cycles are conservative; and adaptation: phytoplankton species during blooms change in the long term. All predictions were supported by our analyses. Results suggest that traditional ecological paradigms such as phytoplankton successional models have potential for moving the adaptive cycle from a metaphor to a framework that can improve our understanding how complex systems organize and reorganize following collapse. Quantifying reorganization, conservatism and adaptation provides opportunities to cope with the intricacies and uncertainties associated with fast ecological change, driven by shifting system controls. Ultimately, combining traditional ecological paradigms with heuristics of complex system dynamics using quantitative approaches may help refine ecological theory and improve our understanding of the resilience of ecosystems.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0146053","usgsCitation":"Angeler, D., Allen, C.R., Garmestani, A.S., Gunderson, L.H., Hjerne, O., and Winder, M., 2015, Quantifying the adaptive cycle: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 12, e0146053: 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146053.","productDescription":"e0146053: 17 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071543","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471602,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146053","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":317931,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Baltic Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              9.31640625,\n              53.69670647530323\n            ],\n            [\n              9.31640625,\n              66.17826596326798\n            ],\n            [\n              30.0146484375,\n              66.17826596326798\n            ],\n            [\n              30.0146484375,\n              53.69670647530323\n            ],\n            [\n              9.31640625,\n              53.69670647530323\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bdbecae4b06458514aeede","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Angeler, David G.","contributorId":25027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angeler","given":"David G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garmestani, Ahjond S.","contributorId":77285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garmestani","given":"Ahjond","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gunderson, Lance H.","contributorId":12182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gunderson","given":"Lance","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hjerne, Olle","contributorId":166719,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hjerne","given":"Olle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Winder, Monika","contributorId":68178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winder","given":"Monika","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70159962,"text":"70159962 - 2015 - Categorisation of northern California rainfall for periods with and without a radar brightband using stable isotopes and a novel automated precipitation collector","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-04T15:46:35","indexId":"70159962","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3527,"text":"Tellus, Series A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Categorisation of northern California rainfall for periods with and without a radar brightband using stable isotopes and a novel automated precipitation collector","docAbstract":"<p><span>During landfall of extratropical cyclones between 2005 and 2011, nearly 1400 precipitation samples were collected at intervals of 30-min time resolution with novel automated collectors at four NOAA sites in northern California [Alta (ATA), Bodega Bay (BBY), Cazadero (CZD) and Shasta Dam (STD)] during 43 events. Substantial decreases were commonly followed hours later by substantial increases in hydrogen isotopic composition (</span><i>&delta;</i><sup>2</sup><span>H</span><sub>VSMOW</sub><span>&nbsp;where VSMOW is Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water) and oxygen isotopic composition (</span><i>&delta;</i><sup>18</sup><span>O</span><sub>VSMOW</sub><span>) of precipitation. These variations likely occur as pre-cold frontal precipitation generation transitions from marine vapour masses having low rainout to cold cloud layers having much higher rainout (with concomitant brightband signatures measured by an S-band profiling radar and lower&nbsp;</span><i>&delta;</i><sup>2</sup><span>H</span><sub>VSMOW</sub><span>&nbsp;values of precipitation), and finally to shallower, warmer precipitating clouds having lower rainout (with non-brightband signatures and higher&nbsp;</span><i>&delta;</i><sup>2</sup><span>H</span><sub>VSMOW</sub><span>&nbsp;values of precipitation), in accord with &lsquo;seeder&ndash;feeder&rsquo; precipitation. Of 82 intervals identified, a remarkable 100.5 &permil; decrease in&nbsp;</span><i>&delta;</i><sup>2</sup><span>H</span><sub>VSMOW</sub><span>&nbsp;value was observed for a 21 January 2010 event at BBY. Of the 61 intervals identified with increases in&nbsp;</span><i>&delta;</i><sup>2</sup><span>H</span><sub>VSMOW</sub><span>&nbsp;values as precipitation transitioned to shallower, warmer clouds having substantially less rainout (the feeder part of the seeder&ndash;feeder mechanism), a remarkable increase in&nbsp;</span><i>&delta;</i><sup>2</sup><span>H</span><sub>VSMOW</sub><span>&nbsp;value of precipitation of 82.3 &permil; was observed for a 10 February 2007 event at CZD. All CZD and ATA events having&nbsp;</span><i>&delta;</i><sup>2</sup><span>H</span><sub>VSMOW</sub><span>&nbsp;values of precipitation below &minus;105 &permil; were atmospheric rivers (ARs), and of the 13 events having&nbsp;</span><i>&delta;</i><sup>2</sup><span>H</span><sub>VSMOW</sub><span>values of precipitation below &minus;80 &permil;, 77 % were ARs. Cloud echo-top heights (a proxy for atmospheric temperature) were available for 23 events. The mean echo-top height is greater for higher rainout periods than that for lower rainout periods in 22 of the 23 events. The lowest&nbsp;</span><i>&delta;</i><sup>2</sup><span>H</span><sub>VSMOW</sub><span>&nbsp;of precipitation of 28 CZD events was &minus;137.9 &permil; on 16 February 2009 during an AR with cold precipitating clouds and very high rainout with tops &gt;6.5 km altitude. An altitude effect of &minus;2.5 &permil; per 100 m was measured from BBY and CZD&nbsp;</span><i>&delta;</i><sup>2</sup><span>H</span><sub>VSMOW</sub><span>&nbsp;data and of &minus;1.8 &permil; per 100 m for CZD and ATA&nbsp;</span><i>&delta;</i><sup>2</sup><span>H</span><sub>VSMOW</sub><span>&nbsp;data. We present a new approach to categorise rainfall intervals using&nbsp;</span><i>&delta;</i><sup>2</sup><span>H</span><sub>VSMOW</sub><span>&nbsp;values of precipitation and rainfall rates. We term this approach the algorithmic-isotopic categorisation of rainfall, and we were able to identify higher rainout and/or lower rainout periods during all events in this study. We conclude that algorithmic-isotopic categorisation of rainfall can enable users to distinguish between tropospheric vapour masses having relatively high rainout (typically with brightband rain and that commonly are ARs) and vapour masses having lower rainout (commonly with non-brightband rain).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Meteorological Institute","publisherLocation":"Stockholm, Sweden","doi":"10.3402/tellusb.v67.28574","usgsCitation":"Coplen, T.B., Paul J. Neiman, Allen B. White, and Ralph, F.M., 2015, Categorisation of northern California rainfall for periods with and without a radar brightband using stable isotopes and a novel automated precipitation collector: Tellus, Series A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography, v. 67, p. 1-48, https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v67.28574.","productDescription":"48 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"48","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069509","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471616,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v67.28574","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311949,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":311948,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v67.28574"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Northern California: Bodega Bay, Cazadero, Alta and Shasta Dam","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.05837631225586,\n              38.33600115904974\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.04987907409668,\n              38.33566453597907\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.03897857666014,\n              38.32825843276099\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.03091049194336,\n              38.316339750609366\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.03245544433592,\n              38.31283784445829\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.05322647094727,\n              38.29936739855925\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.05940628051756,\n              38.2978854967878\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.0743408203125,\n              38.31088478487631\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.07863235473634,\n              38.32334305552793\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.07502746582031,\n              38.33034568390225\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.05940628051756,\n              38.33640510467016\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.05837631225586,\n              38.33600115904974\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.09742927551268,\n              38.53829709805414\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.07588577270506,\n              38.54010974905484\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.07228088378906,\n              38.526211590726355\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.09021949768065,\n              38.52211548602912\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.09863090515137,\n              38.53796141693008\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.09742927551268,\n              38.53829709805414\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.42185592651367,\n              40.720331161623065\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.43988037109374,\n              40.71278477995827\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.43095397949219,\n              40.7066689811733\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.4151611328125,\n              40.71668818761883\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.4203109741211,\n              40.72072146844198\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.42185592651367,\n              40.720331161623065\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.82300186157227,\n              39.21363530066982\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.8027458190918,\n              39.217093273094804\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.79673767089844,\n              39.1987374726247\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.81768035888672,\n              39.1955446697901\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.82471847534181,\n              39.21297028644833\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.82300186157227,\n              39.21363530066982\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"67","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5662c745e4b06a3ea36c67b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coplen, Tyler B. 0000-0003-4884-6008 tbcoplen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4884-6008","contributorId":508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coplen","given":"Tyler","email":"tbcoplen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paul J. Neiman","contributorId":150274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paul J. Neiman","affiliations":[{"id":17953,"text":"Earth Systems Research Lab, NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen B. White","contributorId":150275,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Allen B. White","affiliations":[{"id":17953,"text":"Earth Systems Research Lab, NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ralph, F. Martin","contributorId":150276,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ralph","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"Martin","affiliations":[{"id":17953,"text":"Earth Systems Research Lab, NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70160609,"text":"70160609 - 2015 - Foraging mechanisms of siscowet lake trout (<I>Salvelinus namaycush siscowet</I>) on pelagic prey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-05T10:05:44","indexId":"70160609","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Foraging mechanisms of siscowet lake trout (<I>Salvelinus namaycush siscowet</I>) on pelagic prey","docAbstract":"<p>The reaction distance, angle of attack, and foraging success were determined for siscowet lake trout (<i>Salvelinus namaycush siscowet</i>) during laboratory trials under lighting conditions that approximated downwelling spectral irradiance and intensity (9.00&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;10<sup>8</sup>&ndash;1.06&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;10<sup>14</sup>&nbsp;photons&nbsp;m<sup>&minus;&nbsp;2</sup>&nbsp;s<sup>&minus;&nbsp;1</sup>) at daytime depths. Siscowet reaction distance in response to golden shiners (<i>Notemigonus crysoleucas</i>) was directly correlated with increasing light intensity until saturation at 1.86&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;10<sup>11</sup>&nbsp;photons&nbsp;m<sup>&minus;&nbsp;2</sup>&nbsp;s<sup>&minus;&nbsp;1</sup>, above which reaction distance was constant within the range of tested light intensities. At the lowest tested light intensity, sensory detection was sufficient to locate prey at 25&nbsp;&plusmn;&nbsp;2&nbsp;cm, while increasing light intensities increased reaction distance up to 59&nbsp;&plusmn;&nbsp;2&nbsp;cm at 1.06&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;10<sup>14</sup>&nbsp;photons&nbsp;m<sup>&minus;&nbsp;2</sup>&nbsp;s<sup>&minus;&nbsp;1</sup>. Larger prey elicited higher reaction distances than smaller prey at all light intensities while moving prey elicited higher reaction distances than stationary prey at the higher light intensities (6.00&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;10<sup>9</sup> to 1.06&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;10<sup>14</sup>&nbsp;photons&nbsp;m<sup>&minus;&nbsp;2</sup>&nbsp;s<sup>&minus;&nbsp;1</sup>). The capture and consumption of prey similarly increased with increasing light intensity while time to capture decreased with increasing light intensity. The majority of orientations toward prey occurred within 120&deg; of the longitudinal axis of the siscowet's eyes, although reaction distances among 30&deg; increments along the entire axis were not significantly different. The developed predictive model will help determine reaction distances for siscowet in various photic environments and will help identify the mechanisms and behavior that allow for low light intensity foraging within freshwater systems.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Association of Great Lakes Research","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2015.09.016","usgsCitation":"Keyler, T.D., Hrabik, T.R., Austin, C.L., Gorman, O.T., and Mensinger, A.F., 2015, Foraging mechanisms of siscowet lake trout (<I>Salvelinus namaycush siscowet</I>) on pelagic prey: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 41, no. 4, p. 1162-1171, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2015.09.016.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1162","endPage":"1171","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071047","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471601,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2015.09.016","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":313127,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Lake Superior, Apostle Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.48133850097656,\n              46.989855008117836\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.29182434082031,\n              46.99289939154502\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.29285430908202,\n              46.9036035979079\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.50193786621094,\n              46.9036035979079\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.48133850097656,\n              46.989855008117836\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"41","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56865fc6e4b0e7594ee74cc7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keyler, Trevor D.","contributorId":150850,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keyler","given":"Trevor","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6915,"text":"University of Minnesota - Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hrabik, Thomas R.","contributorId":35614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hrabik","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6915,"text":"University of Minnesota - Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Austin, C. Lee","contributorId":150851,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Austin","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":6915,"text":"University of Minnesota - Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gorman, Owen T. 0000-0003-0451-110X otgorman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0451-110X","contributorId":2888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorman","given":"Owen","email":"otgorman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mensinger, Allen F.","contributorId":150852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mensinger","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":6915,"text":"University of Minnesota - Duluth","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":583321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70189524,"text":"70189524 - 2015 - Long-term anoxia and release of ancient, labile carbon upon thaw of Pleistocene permafrost","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-14T12:19:21","indexId":"70189524","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term anoxia and release of ancient, labile carbon upon thaw of Pleistocene permafrost","docAbstract":"<p><span>The fate of permafrost carbon upon thaw will drive feedbacks to climate warming. Here we consider the character and context of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in yedoma permafrost cores from up to 20 m depth in central Alaska. We observed high DOC concentrations (4 to 129 mM) and consistent low molecular weight organic acid concentrations in three cores. We estimate a DOC production rate of 12 µmol DOC m</span><sup>−2</sup><span> yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>based on model ages of up to ~200 kyr derived from uranium isotopes. Acetate C accounted for 24 ± 1% of DOC in all samples. This proportion suggests long-term anaerobiosis and is likely to influence thaw outcomes due to biolability of acetate upon release in many environments. The combination of uranium isotopes, ammonium concentrations, and calcium concentrations explained 86% of the variation in thaw water DOC concentrations, suggesting that DOC production may be related to both reducing conditions and mineral dissolution over time.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2015GL066296","usgsCitation":"Ewing, S.A., O’Donnell, J.A., Aiken, G.R., Butler, K.D., Butman, D., Windham-Myers, L., and Kanevskiy, M., 2015, Long-term anoxia and release of ancient, labile carbon upon thaw of Pleistocene permafrost: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 42, no. 24, p. 10730-10738, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL066296.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"10730","endPage":"10738","ipdsId":"IP-066085","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471606,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015gl066296","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":343868,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5969d82ce4b0d1f9f060a195","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ewing, Stephanie A.","contributorId":50065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ewing","given":"Stephanie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Donnell, Jonathan A.","contributorId":84138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Donnell","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Butler, Kenna D. 0000-0001-9604-4603 kebutler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9604-4603","contributorId":178885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butler","given":"Kenna","email":"kebutler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Butman, David 0000-0003-3520-7426 dbutman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3520-7426","contributorId":174187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butman","given":"David","email":"dbutman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Windham-Myers, Lisamarie lwindham-myers@usgs.gov","contributorId":167489,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Windham-Myers","given":"Lisamarie","email":"lwindham-myers@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":705033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Kanevskiy, Mikhail","contributorId":60511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kanevskiy","given":"Mikhail","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70169076,"text":"70169076 - 2015 - The importance of considering shifts in seasonal changes in discharges when predicting future phosphorus loads in streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-29T12:37:34","indexId":"70169076","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1007,"text":"Biogeochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The importance of considering shifts in seasonal changes in discharges when predicting future phosphorus loads in streams","docAbstract":"<p><span>In this work, we hypothesize that phosphorus (P) concentrations in streams vary seasonally and with streamflow and that it is important to incorporate this variation when predicting changes in P loading associated with climate change. Our study area includes 14 watersheds with a range of land uses throughout the U.S. Great Lakes Basin. We develop annual seasonal load-discharge regression models for each watershed and apply these models with simulated discharges generated for future climate scenarios to simulate future P loading patterns for two periods: 2046&ndash;2065 and 2081&ndash;2100. We utilize output from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 3 downscaled climate change projections that are input into the Large Basin Runoff Model to generate future discharge scenarios, which are in turn used as inputs to the seasonal P load regression models. In almost all cases, the seasonal load-discharge models match observed loads better than the annual models. Results using the seasonal models show that the concurrence of nonlinearity in the load-discharge model and changes in high discharges in the spring months leads to the most significant changes in P loading for selected tributaries under future climate projections. These results emphasize the importance of using seasonal models to understand the effects of future climate change on nutrient loads.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10533-015-0149-5","usgsCitation":"LaBeau, M.B., Mayer, A.S., Griffis, V., Watkins, D., Robertson, D.M., and Gyawali, R., 2015, The importance of considering shifts in seasonal changes in discharges when predicting future phosphorus loads in streams: Biogeochemistry, v. 126, no. 1-2, p. 153-172, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-015-0149-5.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"153","endPage":"172","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065192","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324616,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"126","issue":"1-2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5774f2ffe4b07dd077c6ad8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LaBeau, Meredith B.","contributorId":52897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaBeau","given":"Meredith","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mayer, Alex S.","contributorId":81028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"Alex","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":622788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Griffis, Veronica","contributorId":167586,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Griffis","given":"Veronica","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16203,"text":"Michigan Technological university","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":622789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Watkins, David Jr.","contributorId":167587,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watkins","given":"David Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":16203,"text":"Michigan Technological university","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":622790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Robertson, Dale M. 0000-0001-6799-0596 dzrobert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6799-0596","contributorId":150760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"Dale","email":"dzrobert@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gyawali, Rabi","contributorId":167588,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gyawali","given":"Rabi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16203,"text":"Michigan Technological university","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":622791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70148335,"text":"70148335 - 2015 - Shoal basses: A clade of cryptic identity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-06T13:11:22","indexId":"70148335","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Shoal basses: A clade of cryptic identity","docAbstract":"Shoal basses are a cryptic clade composed of Micropterus spp. restricted to\nthe Apalachicola River system and three southeastern Atlantic slope river drainages in the southeastern United States. This reciprocally monophyletic clade includes the Shoal Bass M. cataractae (endemic to the Apalachicola River system), the Chattahoochee Bass M. chattahoochae, and two undescribed forms from the Altamaha, Ogeechee, and Savannah River drainages. Members of the shoal bass clade can be distinguished from all other species of Micropterus basses using 20 diagnostic characters (characteristic attributes) found in mitochondrial DNA (NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2) gene sequences. Each member of the clade\nadditionally possesses unique characteristic attributes, which along with morphological and meristic characters can be used to diagnose this cryptic biodiversity. Biologists and managers have previously regarded the shoal basses in the Chattahoochee, Savannah, Altamaha and Ogeechee River systems as belonging to a single taxon synonymous with the Redeye Bass\nM. coosae, which is endemic to the Mobile River drainage. With these and previous analyses (including description of the Shoal Bass), we now recognize that what was once considered a single taxon actually comprises seven species, each of which is endemic to a single southeastern drainage. Recognizing and documenting the actual diversity of Micropterus spp. provides important information for managers who may wish to avoid stocking or translocations that could compromise the genetic integrity of native bass populations. Introductions of nonnative basses, including Alabama Bass M. henshalli, Spotted Bass M. punctulatus, and Smallmouth\nBass M. dolomieu currently threaten the integrity of native shoal bass species in streams of the Chattahoochee, Altamaha, Ogeechee, and Savannah River systems.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Black bass diversity: Multidisciplinary science for conservation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","isbn":"978-1-934874-40-0","usgsCitation":"Freeman, B.J., Taylor, A.T., Oswald, K.J., Wares, J., Freeman, M., Quattro, J.M., and Leitner, J., 2015, Shoal basses: A clade of cryptic identity, <i>in</i> Black bass diversity: Multidisciplinary science for conservation, p. 449-466.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"449","endPage":"466","ipdsId":"IP-061653","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331569,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":300825,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fisheries.org/shop/54082c"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5847dc7de4b06d80b7af6ab3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Freeman, Byron J.","contributorId":49782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Freeman","given":"Byron","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12697,"text":"University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":654972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, Andrew T.","contributorId":177197,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oswald, Kenneth J.","contributorId":177198,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oswald","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wares, John","contributorId":177199,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wares","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Freeman, Mary 0000-0001-7615-6923 mcfreeman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-6923","contributorId":3528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"Mary","email":"mcfreeman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":547700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Quattro, Joseph M.","contributorId":177200,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quattro","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Leitner, Jean","contributorId":177201,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leitner","given":"Jean","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70178476,"text":"70178476 - 2015 - SPARROW modeling of nitrogen sources and transport in rivers and streams of California and adjacent states, U.S.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-21T13:09:04","indexId":"70178476","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"SPARROW modeling of nitrogen sources and transport in rivers and streams of California and adjacent states, U.S.","docAbstract":"<p><span>The SPARROW (SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes) model was used to evaluate the spatial distribution of total nitrogen (TN) sources, loads, watershed yields, and factors affecting transport and decay in the stream network of California and portions of adjacent states for the year 2002. The two major TN sources to local catchments on a mass basis were fertilizers and manure (51.7%) and wastewater discharge (15.9%). Other sources contributed &lt;&nbsp;12%. Fertilizer use is widespread in the Central Valley region of California, and also important in several other regions because of the diversity of California agriculture. Precipitation, sand content of surficial soils, wetlands, and tile drains were important for TN movement to stream reaches. Median streamflow in the study area is about 0.04&nbsp;m</span><sup>3</sup><span>/s. Aquatic losses of nitrogen were found to be most important in intermittent and small to medium sized streams (0.2-14&nbsp;m</span><sup>3</sup><span>/s), while larger streams showed less loss, and therefore are important for TN transport. Nitrogen loss in reservoirs was found to be insignificant, possibly because most of the larger ones are located upstream of nitrogen sources. The model was used to show loadings, sources, and tributary inputs to several major rivers. The information provided by the SPARROW model is useful for determining both the major sources contributing nitrogen to streams and the specific tributaries that transport the load.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.12325","usgsCitation":"Saleh, D., and Domagalski, J.L., 2015, SPARROW modeling of nitrogen sources and transport in rivers and streams of California and adjacent states, U.S.: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 51, no. 6, p. 1487-1507, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12325.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1487","endPage":"1507","ipdsId":"IP-044910","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331159,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-122.421439,37.869969],[-122.41847,37.852721],[-122.434403,37.852434],[-122.446316,37.861046],[-122.430958,37.872242],[-122.421439,37.869969]]],[[[-122.3785,37.826505],[-122.377879,37.830648],[-122.369941,37.832137],[-122.358779,37.814278],[-122.362661,37.807577],[-122.372422,37.811301],[-122.3785,37.826505]]],[[[-120.248484,33.999329],[-120.230001,34.010136],[-120.19578,34.004284],[-120.167306,34.008219],[-120.147647,34.024831],[-120.140362,34.025974],[-120.115058,34.019866],[-120.090182,34.019806],[-120.073609,34.024477],[-120.057637,34.03734],[-120.043259,34.035806],[-120.050382,34.013331],[-120.046575,34.000002],[-120.011123,33.979894],[-119.978876,33.983081],[-119.979913,33.969623],[-119.97026,33.944359],[-120.017715,33.936366],[-120.048611,33.915775],[-120.098601,33.907853],[-120.121817,33.895712],[-120.168974,33.91909],[-120.224461,33.989059],[-120.248484,33.999329]]],[[[-119.789798,34.05726],[-119.755521,34.056716],[-119.712576,34.043265],[-119.686507,34.019805],[-119.637742,34.013178],[-119.612226,34.021256],[-119.604287,34.031561],[-119.608798,34.035245],[-119.59324,34.049625],[-119.5667,34.053452],[-119.52064,34.034262],[-119.542449,34.021082],[-119.547072,34.005469],[-119.560464,33.99553],[-119.575636,33.996009],[-119.596877,33.988611],[-119.662825,33.985889],[-119.721206,33.959583],[-119.742966,33.963877],[-119.758141,33.959212],[-119.842748,33.97034],[-119.873358,33.980375],[-119.884896,34.008814],[-119.876329,34.032087],[-119.916216,34.058351],[-119.923337,34.069361],[-119.919155,34.07728],[-119.912857,34.077508],[-119.857304,34.071298],[-119.825865,34.059794],[-119.818742,34.052997],[-119.789798,34.05726]]],[[[-120.46258,34.042627],[-120.440248,34.036918],[-120.415287,34.05496],[-120.403613,34.050442],[-120.390906,34.051994],[-120.368813,34.06778],[-120.370176,34.074907],[-120.362251,34.073056],[-120.354982,34.059256],[-120.36029,34.05582],[-120.358608,34.050235],[-120.346946,34.046576],[-120.331161,34.049097],[-120.302122,34.023574],[-120.317052,34.018837],[-120.347706,34.020114],[-120.35793,34.015029],[-120.409368,34.032198],[-120.427408,34.025425],[-120.454134,34.028081],[-120.465329,34.038448],[-120.46258,34.042627]]],[[[-118.524531,32.895488],[-118.535823,32.90628],[-118.551134,32.945155],[-118.573522,32.969183],[-118.586928,33.008281],[-118.596037,33.015357],[-118.606559,33.01469],[-118.605534,33.030999],[-118.594033,33.035951],[-118.57516,33.033961],[-118.569013,33.029151],[-118.559171,33.006291],[-118.540069,32.980933],[-118.496811,32.933847],[-118.369984,32.839273],[-118.353504,32.821962],[-118.356541,32.817311],[-118.379968,32.824545],[-118.394565,32.823978],[-118.425634,32.800595],[-118.44492,32.820593],[-118.496298,32.851572],[-118.507193,32.876264],[-118.524531,32.895488]]],[[[-118.500212,33.449592],[-118.477646,33.448392],[-118.445812,33.428907],[-118.423576,33.427258],[-118.382037,33.409883],[-118.370323,33.409285],[-118.365094,33.388374],[-118.310213,33.335795],[-118.303174,33.320264],[-118.305084,33.310323],[-118.325244,33.299075],[-118.374768,33.320065],[-118.440047,33.318638],[-118.465368,33.326056],[-118.48877,33.356649],[-118.478465,33.38632],[-118.48875,33.419826],[-118.515914,33.422417],[-118.52323,33.430733],[-118.53738,33.434608],[-118.563442,33.434381],[-118.60403,33.47654],[-118.54453,33.474119],[-118.500212,33.449592]]],[[[-119.543842,33.280329],[-119.528141,33.284929],[-119.465717,33.259239],[-119.429559,33.228167],[-119.444269,33.21919],[-119.476029,33.21552],[-119.545872,33.233406],[-119.564971,33.24744],[-119.578942,33.278628],[-119.562042,33.271129],[-119.543842,33.280329]]],[[[-122.289533,42.007764],[-121.035195,41.993323],[-120.001058,41.995139],[-119.995926,40.499901],[-120.005743,39.228664],[-120.001014,38.999574],[-119.333423,38.538328],[-118.714312,38.102185],[-117.875927,37.497267],[-117.244917,37.030244],[-116.488233,36.459097],[-115.852908,35.96966],[-115.102881,35.379371],[-114.633013,35.002085],[-114.629015,34.986148],[-114.634953,34.958918],[-114.629753,34.938684],[-114.635176,34.875003],[-114.623939,34.859738],[-114.586842,34.835672],[-114.57101,34.794294],[-114.552682,34.766871],[-114.516619,34.736745],[-114.470477,34.711368],[-114.452628,34.668546],[-114.451753,34.654321],[-114.441465,34.64253],[-114.438739,34.621455],[-114.424202,34.610453],[-114.429747,34.591734],[-114.422382,34.580711],[-114.405228,34.569637],[-114.380838,34.529724],[-114.378124,34.507288],[-114.386699,34.457911],[-114.375789,34.447798],[-114.335372,34.450038],[-114.32613,34.437251],[-114.294836,34.421389],[-114.286802,34.40534],[-114.264317,34.401329],[-114.226107,34.365916],[-114.199482,34.361373],[-114.176909,34.349306],[-114.157206,34.317862],[-114.138282,34.30323],[-114.134768,34.268965],[-114.139055,34.259538],[-114.159697,34.258242],[-114.223384,34.205136],[-114.229715,34.186928],[-114.254141,34.173831],[-114.287294,34.170529],[-114.320777,34.138635],[-114.353031,34.133121],[-114.366521,34.118575],[-114.390565,34.110084],[-114.411681,34.110031],[-114.43338,34.088413],[-114.43934,34.057893],[-114.434949,34.037784],[-114.438266,34.022609],[-114.46283,34.008421],[-114.46117,33.994687],[-114.499883,33.961789],[-114.522002,33.955623],[-114.535478,33.934651],[-114.533679,33.926072],[-114.508558,33.906098],[-114.518555,33.889847],[-114.50434,33.876882],[-114.503017,33.867998],[-114.514673,33.858638],[-114.52453,33.858477],[-114.529597,33.848063],[-114.520465,33.827778],[-114.527161,33.816191],[-114.504863,33.760465],[-114.504483,33.750998],[-114.512348,33.734214],[-114.496565,33.719155],[-114.494197,33.707922],[-114.495719,33.698454],[-114.523959,33.685879],[-114.531523,33.675108],[-114.525201,33.661583],[-114.530244,33.65014],[-114.526947,33.637534],[-114.529662,33.622794],[-114.524813,33.611351],[-114.540617,33.591412],[-114.5403,33.580615],[-114.524391,33.553683],[-114.558898,33.531819],[-114.560552,33.518272],[-114.569533,33.509219],[-114.591554,33.499443],[-114.622918,33.456561],[-114.627125,33.433554],[-114.635183,33.422726],[-114.652828,33.412922],[-114.687953,33.417944],[-114.701732,33.408388],[-114.725535,33.404056],[-114.708408,33.384147],[-114.698035,33.352442],[-114.707962,33.323421],[-114.731223,33.302434],[-114.723259,33.288079],[-114.684363,33.276025],[-114.672401,33.26047],[-114.689421,33.24525],[-114.674479,33.225504],[-114.678749,33.203448],[-114.675831,33.18152],[-114.679359,33.159519],[-114.703682,33.113769],[-114.706488,33.08816],[-114.68902,33.084036],[-114.686991,33.070969],[-114.674296,33.057171],[-114.673659,33.041897],[-114.662317,33.032671],[-114.64598,33.048903],[-114.618788,33.027202],[-114.589778,33.026228],[-114.575161,33.036542],[-114.52013,33.029984],[-114.502871,33.011153],[-114.492938,32.971781],[-114.476156,32.975168],[-114.467664,32.966861],[-114.469113,32.952673],[-114.48074,32.937027],[-114.47664,32.923628],[-114.462929,32.907944],[-114.468971,32.845155],[-114.494116,32.823288],[-114.510217,32.816417],[-114.530755,32.793485],[-114.532432,32.776923],[-114.526856,32.757094],[-114.539093,32.756949],[-114.539224,32.749812],[-114.564447,32.749554],[-114.564508,32.742298],[-114.581736,32.742321],[-114.581784,32.734946],[-114.612697,32.734516],[-114.618373,32.728245],[-114.688779,32.737675],[-114.701918,32.745548],[-114.719633,32.718763],[-116.04662,32.623353],[-117.124862,32.534156],[-117.136664,32.618754],[-117.168866,32.671952],[-117.196767,32.688851],[-117.213068,32.687751],[-117.236239,32.671353],[-117.246069,32.669352],[-117.25757,32.72605],[-117.25257,32.752949],[-117.25497,32.786948],[-117.26107,32.803148],[-117.280971,32.822247],[-117.28217,32.839547],[-117.27387,32.851447],[-117.26497,32.848947],[-117.25617,32.859447],[-117.25167,32.874346],[-117.25447,32.900146],[-117.28077,33.012343],[-117.315278,33.093504],[-117.328359,33.121842],[-117.362572,33.168437],[-117.469794,33.296417],[-117.50565,33.334063],[-117.547693,33.365491],[-117.59588,33.386629],[-117.607905,33.406317],[-117.645582,33.440728],[-117.684584,33.461927],[-117.691984,33.456627],[-117.715349,33.460556],[-117.726486,33.483427],[-117.784888,33.541525],[-117.814188,33.552224],[-117.840289,33.573523],[-117.87679,33.592322],[-117.927091,33.605521],[-117.940591,33.620021],[-118.000593,33.654319],[-118.029694,33.676418],[-118.088896,33.729817],[-118.132698,33.753217],[-118.180831,33.763072],[-118.187701,33.749218],[-118.181367,33.717367],[-118.207476,33.716905],[-118.258687,33.703741],[-118.317205,33.712818],[-118.360505,33.736817],[-118.385006,33.741417],[-118.396606,33.735917],[-118.411211,33.741985],[-118.428407,33.774715],[-118.405007,33.800215],[-118.394376,33.804289],[-118.392107,33.840915],[-118.460611,33.969111],[-118.482729,33.995912],[-118.519514,34.027509],[-118.543115,34.038508],[-118.569235,34.04164],[-118.609652,34.036424],[-118.668358,34.038887],[-118.706215,34.029383],[-118.744952,34.032103],[-118.783433,34.021543],[-118.805114,34.001239],[-118.854653,34.034215],[-118.928048,34.045847],[-118.938081,34.043383],[-119.004644,34.066231],[-119.037494,34.083111],[-119.088536,34.09831],[-119.109784,34.094566],[-119.130169,34.100102],[-119.18864,34.139005],[-119.216441,34.146105],[-119.257043,34.213304],[-119.278644,34.266902],[-119.290945,34.274902],[-119.313034,34.275689],[-119.337475,34.290576],[-119.370356,34.319486],[-119.388249,34.317398],[-119.42777,34.353016],[-119.461036,34.374064],[-119.536957,34.395495],[-119.559459,34.413395],[-119.616862,34.420995],[-119.638864,34.415696],[-119.671866,34.416096],[-119.688167,34.412497],[-119.684666,34.408297],[-119.709067,34.395397],[-119.729369,34.395897],[-119.794771,34.417597],[-119.835771,34.415796],[-119.853771,34.407996],[-119.873971,34.408795],[-119.925227,34.433931],[-119.956433,34.435288],[-120.008077,34.460447],[-120.038828,34.463434],[-120.088591,34.460208],[-120.141165,34.473405],[-120.25777,34.467451],[-120.295051,34.470623],[-120.341369,34.458789],[-120.471376,34.447846],[-120.47661,34.475131],[-120.511421,34.522953],[-120.581293,34.556959],[-120.622575,34.554017],[-120.637805,34.56622],[-120.645739,34.581035],[-120.640244,34.604406],[-120.60197,34.692095],[-120.60045,34.70464],[-120.614852,34.730709],[-120.62632,34.738072],[-120.637415,34.755895],[-120.616296,34.816308],[-120.610266,34.85818],[-120.616325,34.866739],[-120.639283,34.880413],[-120.647328,34.901133],[-120.670835,34.904115],[-120.63999,35.002963],[-120.629931,35.061515],[-120.630957,35.101941],[-120.644311,35.139616],[-120.651134,35.147768],[-120.662475,35.153357],[-120.675074,35.153061],[-120.698906,35.171192],[-120.714185,35.175998],[-120.74887,35.177795],[-120.754823,35.174701],[-120.756086,35.160459],[-120.760492,35.15971],[-120.778998,35.168897],[-120.786076,35.177666],[-120.856047,35.206487],[-120.89679,35.247877],[-120.862684,35.346776],[-120.866099,35.393045],[-120.884757,35.430196],[-120.907937,35.449069],[-120.946546,35.446715],[-120.969436,35.460197],[-121.003359,35.46071],[-121.101595,35.548814],[-121.126027,35.593058],[-121.143561,35.606046],[-121.166712,35.635399],[-121.251034,35.656641],[-121.284973,35.674109],[-121.289794,35.689428],[-121.314632,35.71331],[-121.315786,35.75252],[-121.332449,35.783106],[-121.388053,35.823483],[-121.413146,35.855316],[-121.439584,35.86695],[-121.462264,35.885618],[-121.461227,35.896906],[-121.472435,35.91989],[-121.4862,35.970348],[-121.503112,36.000299],[-121.531876,36.014368],[-121.574602,36.025156],[-121.590395,36.050363],[-121.592853,36.065062],[-121.606845,36.072065],[-121.618672,36.087767],[-121.629634,36.114452],[-121.680145,36.165818],[-121.717176,36.195146],[-121.779851,36.227407],[-121.797059,36.234211],[-121.813734,36.234235],[-121.826425,36.24186],[-121.851967,36.277831],[-121.874797,36.289064],[-121.888491,36.30281],[-121.894714,36.317806],[-121.892917,36.340428],[-121.905446,36.358269],[-121.903195,36.393603],[-121.914378,36.404344],[-121.91474,36.42589],[-121.9416,36.485602],[-121.938763,36.506423],[-121.944666,36.521861],[-121.925937,36.525173],[-121.932508,36.559935],[-121.942533,36.566435],[-121.957335,36.564482],[-121.978592,36.580488],[-121.970427,36.582754],[-121.941666,36.618059],[-121.93643,36.636746],[-121.923866,36.634559],[-121.890164,36.609259],[-121.889064,36.601759],[-121.860604,36.611136],[-121.831995,36.644856],[-121.814462,36.682858],[-121.807062,36.714157],[-121.805643,36.750239],[-121.788278,36.803994],[-121.809363,36.848654],[-121.862266,36.931552],[-121.894667,36.961851],[-121.930069,36.97815],[-121.95167,36.97145],[-121.972771,36.954151],[-122.012373,36.96455],[-122.023373,36.96215],[-122.027174,36.95115],[-122.050122,36.948523],[-122.105976,36.955951],[-122.155078,36.98085],[-122.20618,37.013949],[-122.252181,37.059448],[-122.284882,37.101747],[-122.306139,37.116383],[-122.337071,37.117382],[-122.337833,37.135936],[-122.359791,37.155574],[-122.367085,37.172817],[-122.390599,37.182988],[-122.405073,37.195791],[-122.407181,37.219465],[-122.419113,37.24147],[-122.411686,37.265844],[-122.40085,37.359225],[-122.423286,37.392542],[-122.443687,37.435941],[-122.452087,37.48054],[-122.472388,37.50054],[-122.493789,37.492341],[-122.499289,37.495341],[-122.516689,37.52134],[-122.519533,37.537302],[-122.513688,37.552239],[-122.517187,37.590637],[-122.501386,37.599637],[-122.494085,37.644035],[-122.496784,37.686433],[-122.514483,37.780829],[-122.50531,37.788312],[-122.485783,37.790629],[-122.478083,37.810828],[-122.463793,37.804653],[-122.407452,37.811441],[-122.398139,37.80563],[-122.385323,37.790724],[-122.375854,37.734979],[-122.356784,37.729505],[-122.361749,37.71501],[-122.370411,37.717572],[-122.391374,37.708331],[-122.387626,37.67906],[-122.374291,37.662206],[-122.3756,37.652389],[-122.387381,37.648462],[-122.386072,37.637662],[-122.35531,37.615736],[-122.358583,37.611155],[-122.373309,37.613773],[-122.378545,37.605592],[-122.360219,37.592501],[-122.317676,37.590865],[-122.305895,37.575484],[-122.262698,37.572866],[-122.214264,37.538505],[-122.196593,37.537196],[-122.194957,37.522469],[-122.168449,37.504143],[-122.155686,37.501198],[-122.140142,37.507907],[-122.127706,37.500053],[-122.111344,37.50758],[-122.111998,37.528851],[-122.147014,37.588411],[-122.145378,37.600846],[-122.152905,37.640771],[-122.163049,37.667933],[-122.246826,37.72193],[-122.257953,37.739601],[-122.257134,37.745001],[-122.242638,37.753744],[-122.253753,37.761218],[-122.293996,37.770416],[-122.330963,37.786035],[-122.33555,37.799538],[-122.333711,37.809797],[-122.323567,37.823214],[-122.303931,37.830087],[-122.301313,37.847758],[-122.310477,37.873938],[-122.309986,37.892755],[-122.32373,37.905845],[-122.33453,37.908791],[-122.35711,37.908791],[-122.367582,37.903882],[-122.385908,37.908136],[-122.39049,37.922535],[-122.413725,37.937262],[-122.430087,37.963115],[-122.415361,37.963115],[-122.399832,37.956009],[-122.367582,37.978168],[-122.361905,37.989991],[-122.367909,38.01253],[-122.340093,38.003694],[-122.321112,38.012857],[-122.300823,38.010893],[-122.283478,38.022674],[-122.262861,38.0446],[-122.273006,38.07438],[-122.314567,38.115287],[-122.366273,38.141467],[-122.39638,38.149976],[-122.403514,38.150624],[-122.409798,38.136231],[-122.439577,38.116923],[-122.454958,38.118887],[-122.489974,38.112014],[-122.483757,38.071762],[-122.499465,38.032165],[-122.497828,38.019402],[-122.481466,38.007621],[-122.462812,38.003367],[-122.452995,37.996167],[-122.448413,37.984713],[-122.456595,37.978823],[-122.471975,37.981768],[-122.488665,37.966714],[-122.487684,37.948716],[-122.479175,37.941516],[-122.48572,37.937589],[-122.499465,37.939225],[-122.503064,37.928753],[-122.478193,37.918608],[-122.471975,37.910427],[-122.472303,37.902573],[-122.458558,37.894064],[-122.448413,37.89341],[-122.438268,37.880974],[-122.45005,37.871157],[-122.462158,37.868866],[-122.480811,37.873448],[-122.479151,37.825428],[-122.505383,37.822128],[-122.548986,37.836227],[-122.561487,37.851827],[-122.584289,37.859227],[-122.60129,37.875126],[-122.656519,37.904519],[-122.682171,37.90645],[-122.70264,37.89382],[-122.727297,37.904626],[-122.736898,37.925825],[-122.766138,37.938004],[-122.783244,37.951334],[-122.797405,37.976657],[-122.821383,37.996735],[-122.856573,38.016717],[-122.882114,38.025273],[-122.939711,38.031908],[-122.956811,38.02872],[-122.981776,38.009119],[-122.97439,37.992429],[-123.024066,37.994878],[-123.011533,38.003438],[-122.99242,38.041758],[-122.960889,38.112962],[-122.949074,38.15406],[-122.953629,38.17567],[-122.965408,38.187113],[-122.968112,38.202428],[-122.993959,38.237602],[-122.968569,38.242879],[-122.967203,38.250691],[-122.977082,38.267902],[-122.986319,38.273164],[-123.002911,38.295708],[-123.024333,38.310573],[-123.038742,38.313576],[-123.051061,38.310693],[-123.053504,38.299385],[-123.063671,38.302178],[-123.074684,38.322574],[-123.068437,38.33521],[-123.068265,38.359865],[-123.128825,38.450418],[-123.202277,38.494314],[-123.249797,38.511045],[-123.287156,38.540223],[-123.331899,38.565542],[-123.343338,38.590008],[-123.371876,38.607235],[-123.398166,38.647044],[-123.441774,38.699744],[-123.461291,38.717001],[-123.514784,38.741966],[-123.541837,38.776764],[-123.579856,38.802835],[-123.58638,38.802857],[-123.605317,38.822765],[-123.647387,38.845472],[-123.659846,38.872529],[-123.71054,38.91323],[-123.725367,38.917438],[-123.726315,38.936367],[-123.738886,38.95412],[-123.729053,38.956667],[-123.711149,38.977316],[-123.6969,39.004401],[-123.690095,39.031157],[-123.693969,39.057363],[-123.713392,39.108422],[-123.721505,39.125327],[-123.737913,39.143442],[-123.742221,39.164885],[-123.765891,39.193657],[-123.774998,39.212083],[-123.777368,39.237214],[-123.787893,39.264327],[-123.803848,39.278771],[-123.803081,39.291747],[-123.811387,39.312825],[-123.808772,39.324368],[-123.822085,39.343857],[-123.826306,39.36871],[-123.81469,39.446538],[-123.766475,39.552803],[-123.787417,39.604552],[-123.782322,39.621486],[-123.792659,39.684122],[-123.808208,39.710715],[-123.829545,39.723071],[-123.838089,39.752409],[-123.839797,39.795637],[-123.851714,39.832041],[-123.907664,39.863028],[-123.930047,39.909697],[-123.954952,39.922373],[-123.980031,39.962458],[-124.035904,40.013319],[-124.056408,40.024305],[-124.068908,40.021307],[-124.079983,40.029773],[-124.080709,40.06611],[-124.110549,40.103765],[-124.187874,40.130542],[-124.214895,40.160902],[-124.296497,40.208816],[-124.320912,40.226617],[-124.327691,40.23737],[-124.34307,40.243979],[-124.363414,40.260974],[-124.363634,40.276212],[-124.347853,40.314634],[-124.362796,40.350046],[-124.365357,40.374855],[-124.373599,40.392923],[-124.391496,40.407047],[-124.409591,40.438076],[-124.38494,40.48982],[-124.383224,40.499852],[-124.387023,40.504954],[-124.382816,40.519],[-124.329404,40.61643],[-124.158322,40.876069],[-124.137066,40.925732],[-124.118147,40.989263],[-124.112165,41.028173],[-124.125448,41.048504],[-124.138217,41.054342],[-124.153622,41.05355],[-124.154513,41.087159],[-124.160556,41.099011],[-124.159065,41.121957],[-124.165414,41.129822],[-124.158539,41.143021],[-124.149674,41.140845],[-124.1438,41.144686],[-124.106986,41.229678],[-124.072294,41.374844],[-124.063076,41.439579],[-124.066057,41.470258],[-124.081427,41.511228],[-124.081987,41.547761],[-124.092404,41.553615],[-124.101123,41.569192],[-124.097385,41.585251],[-124.100961,41.602499],[-124.114413,41.616768],[-124.120225,41.640354],[-124.135552,41.657307],[-124.147412,41.717955],[-124.164716,41.740126],[-124.17739,41.745756],[-124.194953,41.736778],[-124.23972,41.7708],[-124.248704,41.771459],[-124.255994,41.783014],[-124.245027,41.7923],[-124.230678,41.818681],[-124.208439,41.888192],[-124.203402,41.940964],[-124.204948,41.983441],[-124.211605,41.99846],[-123.656998,41.995137],[-123.624554,41.999837],[-123.347562,41.999108],[-123.145959,42.009247],[-123.045254,42.003049],[-122.893961,42.002605],[-122.289533,42.007764]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"California\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"51","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"583415b3e4b0070c0abed828","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.12325","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12325","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Saleh Dina, Domagalski Joseph","journalName":"JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association","publicationDate":"7/2015","auditedOn":"1/29/2017","publiclyAccessibleDate":"7/14/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saleh, Dina 0000-0002-1406-9303 dsaleh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1406-9303","contributorId":939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saleh","given":"Dina","email":"dsaleh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":654124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Domagalski, Joseph L. 0000-0002-6032-757X joed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6032-757X","contributorId":1330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domagalski","given":"Joseph","email":"joed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":654125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70176400,"text":"70176400 - 2015 - Quantifying the residence time and flushing characteristics of a shallow, back-barrier estuary: Application of hydrodynamic and particle tracking models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-13T09:39:55","indexId":"70176400","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quantifying the residence time and flushing characteristics of a shallow, back-barrier estuary: Application of hydrodynamic and particle tracking models","docAbstract":"<p><span>Estuarine residence time is a major driver of eutrophication and water quality. Barnegat Bay-Little Egg Harbor (BB-LEH), New Jersey, is a lagoonal back-barrier estuary that is subject to anthropogenic pressures including nutrient loading, eutrophication, and subsequent declines in water quality. A combination of hydrodynamic and particle tracking modeling was used to identify the mechanisms controlling flushing, residence time, and spatial variability of particle retention. The models demonstrated a pronounced northward subtidal flow from Little Egg Inlet in the south to Pt. Pleasant Canal in the north due to frictional effects in the inlets, leading to better flushing of the southern half of the estuary and particle retention in the northern estuary. Mean residence time for BB-LEH was 13&nbsp;days but spatial variability was between ∼0 and 30&nbsp;days depending on the initial particle location. Mean residence time with tidal forcing alone was 24&nbsp;days (spatial variability between ∼0 and 50&nbsp;days); the tides were relatively inefficient in flushing the northern end of the Bay. Scenarios with successive exclusion of physical processes from the models revealed that meteorological and remote offshore forcing were stronger drivers of exchange than riverine inflow. Investigations of water quality and eutrophication should take into account spatial variability in hydrodynamics and residence time in order to better quantify the roles of nutrient loading, production, and flushing.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-014-9885-3","usgsCitation":"Defne, Z., and Ganju, N., 2015, Quantifying the residence time and flushing characteristics of a shallow, back-barrier estuary: Application of hydrodynamic and particle tracking models: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 38, no. 5, p. 1719-1734, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-014-9885-3.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1719","endPage":"1734","ipdsId":"IP-057196","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471614,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/7506","text":"External Repository"},{"id":328587,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d92340e4b090824ffa1b23","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Defne, Zafer 0000-0003-4544-4310 zdefne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4544-4310","contributorId":5520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Defne","given":"Zafer","email":"zdefne@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ganju, Neil K. 0000-0002-1096-0465 nganju@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-0465","contributorId":149613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganju","given":"Neil K.","email":"nganju@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":648604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70184233,"text":"70184233 - 2015 - The 2014 update to the National Seismic Hazard Model in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-06T10:50:05","indexId":"70184233","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 2014 update to the National Seismic Hazard Model in California","docAbstract":"<p><span>The 2014 update to the U. S. Geological Survey National Seismic Hazard Model in California introduces a new earthquake rate model and new ground motion models (GMMs) that give rise to numerous changes to seismic hazard throughout the state. The updated earthquake rate model is the third version of the Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast (UCERF3), wherein the rates of all ruptures are determined via a self-consistent inverse methodology. This approach accommodates multifault ruptures and reduces the overprediction of moderate earthquake rates exhibited by the previous model (UCERF2). UCERF3 introduces new faults, changes to slip or moment rates on existing faults, and adaptively smoothed gridded seismicity source models, all of which contribute to significant changes in hazard. New GMMs increase ground motion near large strike-slip faults and reduce hazard over dip-slip faults. The addition of very large strike-slip ruptures and decreased reverse fault rupture rates in UCERF3 further enhances these effects.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"EERI","doi":"10.1193/110314EQS176M","usgsCitation":"Powers, P.M., and Field, E.H., 2015, The 2014 update to the National Seismic Hazard Model in California: Earthquake Spectra, v. 31, no. S1, p. S177-S200, https://doi.org/10.1193/110314EQS176M.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"S177","endPage":"S200","ipdsId":"IP-066819","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336853,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-122.421439,37.869969],[-122.41847,37.852721],[-122.434403,37.852434],[-122.446316,37.861046],[-122.430958,37.872242],[-122.421439,37.869969]]],[[[-122.3785,37.826505],[-122.377879,37.830648],[-122.369941,37.832137],[-122.358779,37.814278],[-122.362661,37.807577],[-122.372422,37.811301],[-122.3785,37.826505]]],[[[-120.248484,33.999329],[-120.230001,34.010136],[-120.19578,34.004284],[-120.167306,34.008219],[-120.147647,34.024831],[-120.140362,34.025974],[-120.115058,34.019866],[-120.090182,34.019806],[-120.073609,34.024477],[-120.057637,34.03734],[-120.043259,34.035806],[-120.050382,34.013331],[-120.046575,34.000002],[-120.011123,33.979894],[-119.978876,33.983081],[-119.979913,33.969623],[-119.97026,33.944359],[-120.017715,33.936366],[-120.048611,33.915775],[-120.098601,33.907853],[-120.121817,33.895712],[-120.168974,33.91909],[-120.224461,33.989059],[-120.248484,33.999329]]],[[[-119.789798,34.05726],[-119.755521,34.056716],[-119.712576,34.043265],[-119.686507,34.019805],[-119.637742,34.013178],[-119.612226,34.021256],[-119.604287,34.031561],[-119.608798,34.035245],[-119.59324,34.049625],[-119.5667,34.053452],[-119.52064,34.034262],[-119.542449,34.021082],[-119.547072,34.005469],[-119.560464,33.99553],[-119.575636,33.996009],[-119.596877,33.988611],[-119.662825,33.985889],[-119.721206,33.959583],[-119.742966,33.963877],[-119.758141,33.959212],[-119.842748,33.97034],[-119.873358,33.980375],[-119.884896,34.008814],[-119.876329,34.032087],[-119.916216,34.058351],[-119.923337,34.069361],[-119.919155,34.07728],[-119.912857,34.077508],[-119.857304,34.071298],[-119.825865,34.059794],[-119.818742,34.052997],[-119.789798,34.05726]]],[[[-120.46258,34.042627],[-120.440248,34.036918],[-120.415287,34.05496],[-120.403613,34.050442],[-120.390906,34.051994],[-120.368813,34.06778],[-120.370176,34.074907],[-120.362251,34.073056],[-120.354982,34.059256],[-120.36029,34.05582],[-120.358608,34.050235],[-120.346946,34.046576],[-120.331161,34.049097],[-120.302122,34.023574],[-120.317052,34.018837],[-120.347706,34.020114],[-120.35793,34.015029],[-120.409368,34.032198],[-120.427408,34.025425],[-120.454134,34.028081],[-120.465329,34.038448],[-120.46258,34.042627]]],[[[-118.524531,32.895488],[-118.535823,32.90628],[-118.551134,32.945155],[-118.573522,32.969183],[-118.586928,33.008281],[-118.596037,33.015357],[-118.606559,33.01469],[-118.605534,33.030999],[-118.594033,33.035951],[-118.57516,33.033961],[-118.569013,33.029151],[-118.559171,33.006291],[-118.540069,32.980933],[-118.496811,32.933847],[-118.369984,32.839273],[-118.353504,32.821962],[-118.356541,32.817311],[-118.379968,32.824545],[-118.394565,32.823978],[-118.425634,32.800595],[-118.44492,32.820593],[-118.496298,32.851572],[-118.507193,32.876264],[-118.524531,32.895488]]],[[[-118.500212,33.449592],[-118.477646,33.448392],[-118.445812,33.428907],[-118.423576,33.427258],[-118.382037,33.409883],[-118.370323,33.409285],[-118.365094,33.388374],[-118.310213,33.335795],[-118.303174,33.320264],[-118.305084,33.310323],[-118.325244,33.299075],[-118.374768,33.320065],[-118.440047,33.318638],[-118.465368,33.326056],[-118.48877,33.356649],[-118.478465,33.38632],[-118.48875,33.419826],[-118.515914,33.422417],[-118.52323,33.430733],[-118.53738,33.434608],[-118.563442,33.434381],[-118.60403,33.47654],[-118.54453,33.474119],[-118.500212,33.449592]]],[[[-119.543842,33.280329],[-119.528141,33.284929],[-119.465717,33.259239],[-119.429559,33.228167],[-119.444269,33.21919],[-119.476029,33.21552],[-119.545872,33.233406],[-119.564971,33.24744],[-119.578942,33.278628],[-119.562042,33.271129],[-119.543842,33.280329]]],[[[-122.289533,42.007764],[-121.035195,41.993323],[-120.001058,41.995139],[-119.995926,40.499901],[-120.005743,39.228664],[-120.001014,38.999574],[-119.333423,38.538328],[-118.714312,38.102185],[-117.875927,37.497267],[-117.244917,37.030244],[-116.488233,36.459097],[-115.852908,35.96966],[-115.102881,35.379371],[-114.633013,35.002085],[-114.629015,34.986148],[-114.634953,34.958918],[-114.629753,34.938684],[-114.635176,34.875003],[-114.623939,34.859738],[-114.586842,34.835672],[-114.57101,34.794294],[-114.552682,34.766871],[-114.516619,34.736745],[-114.470477,34.711368],[-114.452628,34.668546],[-114.451753,34.654321],[-114.441465,34.64253],[-114.438739,34.621455],[-114.424202,34.610453],[-114.429747,34.591734],[-114.422382,34.580711],[-114.405228,34.569637],[-114.380838,34.529724],[-114.378124,34.507288],[-114.386699,34.457911],[-114.375789,34.447798],[-114.335372,34.450038],[-114.32613,34.437251],[-114.294836,34.421389],[-114.286802,34.40534],[-114.264317,34.401329],[-114.226107,34.365916],[-114.199482,34.361373],[-114.176909,34.349306],[-114.157206,34.317862],[-114.138282,34.30323],[-114.134768,34.268965],[-114.139055,34.259538],[-114.159697,34.258242],[-114.223384,34.205136],[-114.229715,34.186928],[-114.254141,34.173831],[-114.287294,34.170529],[-114.320777,34.138635],[-114.353031,34.133121],[-114.366521,34.118575],[-114.390565,34.110084],[-114.411681,34.110031],[-114.43338,34.088413],[-114.43934,34.057893],[-114.434949,34.037784],[-114.438266,34.022609],[-114.46283,34.008421],[-114.46117,33.994687],[-114.499883,33.961789],[-114.522002,33.955623],[-114.535478,33.934651],[-114.533679,33.926072],[-114.508558,33.906098],[-114.518555,33.889847],[-114.50434,33.876882],[-114.503017,33.867998],[-114.514673,33.858638],[-114.52453,33.858477],[-114.529597,33.848063],[-114.520465,33.827778],[-114.527161,33.816191],[-114.504863,33.760465],[-114.504483,33.750998],[-114.512348,33.734214],[-114.496565,33.719155],[-114.494197,33.707922],[-114.495719,33.698454],[-114.523959,33.685879],[-114.531523,33.675108],[-114.525201,33.661583],[-114.530244,33.65014],[-114.526947,33.637534],[-114.529662,33.622794],[-114.524813,33.611351],[-114.540617,33.591412],[-114.5403,33.580615],[-114.524391,33.553683],[-114.558898,33.531819],[-114.560552,33.518272],[-114.569533,33.509219],[-114.591554,33.499443],[-114.622918,33.456561],[-114.627125,33.433554],[-114.635183,33.422726],[-114.652828,33.412922],[-114.687953,33.417944],[-114.701732,33.408388],[-114.725535,33.404056],[-114.708408,33.384147],[-114.698035,33.352442],[-114.707962,33.323421],[-114.731223,33.302434],[-114.723259,33.288079],[-114.684363,33.276025],[-114.672401,33.26047],[-114.689421,33.24525],[-114.674479,33.225504],[-114.678749,33.203448],[-114.675831,33.18152],[-114.679359,33.159519],[-114.703682,33.113769],[-114.706488,33.08816],[-114.68902,33.084036],[-114.686991,33.070969],[-114.674296,33.057171],[-114.673659,33.041897],[-114.662317,33.032671],[-114.64598,33.048903],[-114.618788,33.027202],[-114.589778,33.026228],[-114.575161,33.036542],[-114.52013,33.029984],[-114.502871,33.011153],[-114.492938,32.971781],[-114.476156,32.975168],[-114.467664,32.966861],[-114.469113,32.952673],[-114.48074,32.937027],[-114.47664,32.923628],[-114.462929,32.907944],[-114.468971,32.845155],[-114.494116,32.823288],[-114.510217,32.816417],[-114.530755,32.793485],[-114.532432,32.776923],[-114.526856,32.757094],[-114.539093,32.756949],[-114.539224,32.749812],[-114.564447,32.749554],[-114.564508,32.742298],[-114.581736,32.742321],[-114.581784,32.734946],[-114.612697,32.734516],[-114.618373,32.728245],[-114.688779,32.737675],[-114.701918,32.745548],[-114.719633,32.718763],[-116.04662,32.623353],[-117.124862,32.534156],[-117.136664,32.618754],[-117.168866,32.671952],[-117.196767,32.688851],[-117.213068,32.687751],[-117.236239,32.671353],[-117.246069,32.669352],[-117.25757,32.72605],[-117.25257,32.752949],[-117.25497,32.786948],[-117.26107,32.803148],[-117.280971,32.822247],[-117.28217,32.839547],[-117.27387,32.851447],[-117.26497,32.848947],[-117.25617,32.859447],[-117.25167,32.874346],[-117.25447,32.900146],[-117.28077,33.012343],[-117.315278,33.093504],[-117.328359,33.121842],[-117.362572,33.168437],[-117.469794,33.296417],[-117.50565,33.334063],[-117.547693,33.365491],[-117.59588,33.386629],[-117.607905,33.406317],[-117.645582,33.440728],[-117.684584,33.461927],[-117.691984,33.456627],[-117.715349,33.460556],[-117.726486,33.483427],[-117.784888,33.541525],[-117.814188,33.552224],[-117.840289,33.573523],[-117.87679,33.592322],[-117.927091,33.605521],[-117.940591,33.620021],[-118.000593,33.654319],[-118.029694,33.676418],[-118.088896,33.729817],[-118.132698,33.753217],[-118.180831,33.763072],[-118.187701,33.749218],[-118.181367,33.717367],[-118.207476,33.716905],[-118.258687,33.703741],[-118.317205,33.712818],[-118.360505,33.736817],[-118.385006,33.741417],[-118.396606,33.735917],[-118.411211,33.741985],[-118.428407,33.774715],[-118.405007,33.800215],[-118.394376,33.804289],[-118.392107,33.840915],[-118.460611,33.969111],[-118.482729,33.995912],[-118.519514,34.027509],[-118.543115,34.038508],[-118.569235,34.04164],[-118.609652,34.036424],[-118.668358,34.038887],[-118.706215,34.029383],[-118.744952,34.032103],[-118.783433,34.021543],[-118.805114,34.001239],[-118.854653,34.034215],[-118.928048,34.045847],[-118.938081,34.043383],[-119.004644,34.066231],[-119.037494,34.083111],[-119.088536,34.09831],[-119.109784,34.094566],[-119.130169,34.100102],[-119.18864,34.139005],[-119.216441,34.146105],[-119.257043,34.213304],[-119.278644,34.266902],[-119.290945,34.274902],[-119.313034,34.275689],[-119.337475,34.290576],[-119.370356,34.319486],[-119.388249,34.317398],[-119.42777,34.353016],[-119.461036,34.374064],[-119.536957,34.395495],[-119.559459,34.413395],[-119.616862,34.420995],[-119.638864,34.415696],[-119.671866,34.416096],[-119.688167,34.412497],[-119.684666,34.408297],[-119.709067,34.395397],[-119.729369,34.395897],[-119.794771,34.417597],[-119.835771,34.415796],[-119.853771,34.407996],[-119.873971,34.408795],[-119.925227,34.433931],[-119.956433,34.435288],[-120.008077,34.460447],[-120.038828,34.463434],[-120.088591,34.460208],[-120.141165,34.473405],[-120.25777,34.467451],[-120.295051,34.470623],[-120.341369,34.458789],[-120.471376,34.447846],[-120.47661,34.475131],[-120.511421,34.522953],[-120.581293,34.556959],[-120.622575,34.554017],[-120.637805,34.56622],[-120.645739,34.581035],[-120.640244,34.604406],[-120.60197,34.692095],[-120.60045,34.70464],[-120.614852,34.730709],[-120.62632,34.738072],[-120.637415,34.755895],[-120.616296,34.816308],[-120.610266,34.85818],[-120.616325,34.866739],[-120.639283,34.880413],[-120.647328,34.901133],[-120.670835,34.904115],[-120.63999,35.002963],[-120.629931,35.061515],[-120.630957,35.101941],[-120.644311,35.139616],[-120.651134,35.147768],[-120.662475,35.153357],[-120.675074,35.153061],[-120.698906,35.171192],[-120.714185,35.175998],[-120.74887,35.177795],[-120.754823,35.174701],[-120.756086,35.160459],[-120.760492,35.15971],[-120.778998,35.168897],[-120.786076,35.177666],[-120.856047,35.206487],[-120.89679,35.247877],[-120.862684,35.346776],[-120.866099,35.393045],[-120.884757,35.430196],[-120.907937,35.449069],[-120.946546,35.446715],[-120.969436,35.460197],[-121.003359,35.46071],[-121.101595,35.548814],[-121.126027,35.593058],[-121.143561,35.606046],[-121.166712,35.635399],[-121.251034,35.656641],[-121.284973,35.674109],[-121.289794,35.689428],[-121.314632,35.71331],[-121.315786,35.75252],[-121.332449,35.783106],[-121.388053,35.823483],[-121.413146,35.855316],[-121.439584,35.86695],[-121.462264,35.885618],[-121.461227,35.896906],[-121.472435,35.91989],[-121.4862,35.970348],[-121.503112,36.000299],[-121.531876,36.014368],[-121.574602,36.025156],[-121.590395,36.050363],[-121.592853,36.065062],[-121.606845,36.072065],[-121.618672,36.087767],[-121.629634,36.114452],[-121.680145,36.165818],[-121.717176,36.195146],[-121.779851,36.227407],[-121.797059,36.234211],[-121.813734,36.234235],[-121.826425,36.24186],[-121.851967,36.277831],[-121.874797,36.289064],[-121.888491,36.30281],[-121.894714,36.317806],[-121.892917,36.340428],[-121.905446,36.358269],[-121.903195,36.393603],[-121.914378,36.404344],[-121.91474,36.42589],[-121.9416,36.485602],[-121.938763,36.506423],[-121.944666,36.521861],[-121.925937,36.525173],[-121.932508,36.559935],[-121.942533,36.566435],[-121.957335,36.564482],[-121.978592,36.580488],[-121.970427,36.582754],[-121.941666,36.618059],[-121.93643,36.636746],[-121.923866,36.634559],[-121.890164,36.609259],[-121.889064,36.601759],[-121.860604,36.611136],[-121.831995,36.644856],[-121.814462,36.682858],[-121.807062,36.714157],[-121.805643,36.750239],[-121.788278,36.803994],[-121.809363,36.848654],[-121.862266,36.931552],[-121.894667,36.961851],[-121.930069,36.97815],[-121.95167,36.97145],[-121.972771,36.954151],[-122.012373,36.96455],[-122.023373,36.96215],[-122.027174,36.95115],[-122.050122,36.948523],[-122.105976,36.955951],[-122.155078,36.98085],[-122.20618,37.013949],[-122.252181,37.059448],[-122.284882,37.101747],[-122.306139,37.116383],[-122.337071,37.117382],[-122.337833,37.135936],[-122.359791,37.155574],[-122.367085,37.172817],[-122.390599,37.182988],[-122.405073,37.195791],[-122.407181,37.219465],[-122.419113,37.24147],[-122.411686,37.265844],[-122.40085,37.359225],[-122.423286,37.392542],[-122.443687,37.435941],[-122.452087,37.48054],[-122.472388,37.50054],[-122.493789,37.492341],[-122.499289,37.495341],[-122.516689,37.52134],[-122.519533,37.537302],[-122.513688,37.552239],[-122.517187,37.590637],[-122.501386,37.599637],[-122.494085,37.644035],[-122.496784,37.686433],[-122.514483,37.780829],[-122.50531,37.788312],[-122.485783,37.790629],[-122.478083,37.810828],[-122.463793,37.804653],[-122.407452,37.811441],[-122.398139,37.80563],[-122.385323,37.790724],[-122.375854,37.734979],[-122.356784,37.729505],[-122.361749,37.71501],[-122.370411,37.717572],[-122.391374,37.708331],[-122.387626,37.67906],[-122.374291,37.662206],[-122.3756,37.652389],[-122.387381,37.648462],[-122.386072,37.637662],[-122.35531,37.615736],[-122.358583,37.611155],[-122.373309,37.613773],[-122.378545,37.605592],[-122.360219,37.592501],[-122.317676,37.590865],[-122.305895,37.575484],[-122.262698,37.572866],[-122.214264,37.538505],[-122.196593,37.537196],[-122.194957,37.522469],[-122.168449,37.504143],[-122.155686,37.501198],[-122.140142,37.507907],[-122.127706,37.500053],[-122.111344,37.50758],[-122.111998,37.528851],[-122.147014,37.588411],[-122.145378,37.600846],[-122.152905,37.640771],[-122.163049,37.667933],[-122.246826,37.72193],[-122.257953,37.739601],[-122.257134,37.745001],[-122.242638,37.753744],[-122.253753,37.761218],[-122.293996,37.770416],[-122.330963,37.786035],[-122.33555,37.799538],[-122.333711,37.809797],[-122.323567,37.823214],[-122.303931,37.830087],[-122.301313,37.847758],[-122.310477,37.873938],[-122.309986,37.892755],[-122.32373,37.905845],[-122.33453,37.908791],[-122.35711,37.908791],[-122.367582,37.903882],[-122.385908,37.908136],[-122.39049,37.922535],[-122.413725,37.937262],[-122.430087,37.963115],[-122.415361,37.963115],[-122.399832,37.956009],[-122.367582,37.978168],[-122.361905,37.989991],[-122.367909,38.01253],[-122.340093,38.003694],[-122.321112,38.012857],[-122.300823,38.010893],[-122.283478,38.022674],[-122.262861,38.0446],[-122.273006,38.07438],[-122.314567,38.115287],[-122.366273,38.141467],[-122.39638,38.149976],[-122.403514,38.150624],[-122.409798,38.136231],[-122.439577,38.116923],[-122.454958,38.118887],[-122.489974,38.112014],[-122.483757,38.071762],[-122.499465,38.032165],[-122.497828,38.019402],[-122.481466,38.007621],[-122.462812,38.003367],[-122.452995,37.996167],[-122.448413,37.984713],[-122.456595,37.978823],[-122.471975,37.981768],[-122.488665,37.966714],[-122.487684,37.948716],[-122.479175,37.941516],[-122.48572,37.937589],[-122.499465,37.939225],[-122.503064,37.928753],[-122.478193,37.918608],[-122.471975,37.910427],[-122.472303,37.902573],[-122.458558,37.894064],[-122.448413,37.89341],[-122.438268,37.880974],[-122.45005,37.871157],[-122.462158,37.868866],[-122.480811,37.873448],[-122.479151,37.825428],[-122.505383,37.822128],[-122.548986,37.836227],[-122.561487,37.851827],[-122.584289,37.859227],[-122.60129,37.875126],[-122.656519,37.904519],[-122.682171,37.90645],[-122.70264,37.89382],[-122.727297,37.904626],[-122.736898,37.925825],[-122.766138,37.938004],[-122.783244,37.951334],[-122.797405,37.976657],[-122.821383,37.996735],[-122.856573,38.016717],[-122.882114,38.025273],[-122.939711,38.031908],[-122.956811,38.02872],[-122.981776,38.009119],[-122.97439,37.992429],[-123.024066,37.994878],[-123.011533,38.003438],[-122.99242,38.041758],[-122.960889,38.112962],[-122.949074,38.15406],[-122.953629,38.17567],[-122.965408,38.187113],[-122.968112,38.202428],[-122.993959,38.237602],[-122.968569,38.242879],[-122.967203,38.250691],[-122.977082,38.267902],[-122.986319,38.273164],[-123.002911,38.295708],[-123.024333,38.310573],[-123.038742,38.313576],[-123.051061,38.310693],[-123.053504,38.299385],[-123.063671,38.302178],[-123.074684,38.322574],[-123.068437,38.33521],[-123.068265,38.359865],[-123.128825,38.450418],[-123.202277,38.494314],[-123.249797,38.511045],[-123.287156,38.540223],[-123.331899,38.565542],[-123.343338,38.590008],[-123.371876,38.607235],[-123.398166,38.647044],[-123.441774,38.699744],[-123.461291,38.717001],[-123.514784,38.741966],[-123.541837,38.776764],[-123.579856,38.802835],[-123.58638,38.802857],[-123.605317,38.822765],[-123.647387,38.845472],[-123.659846,38.872529],[-123.71054,38.91323],[-123.725367,38.917438],[-123.726315,38.936367],[-123.738886,38.95412],[-123.729053,38.956667],[-123.711149,38.977316],[-123.6969,39.004401],[-123.690095,39.031157],[-123.693969,39.057363],[-123.713392,39.108422],[-123.721505,39.125327],[-123.737913,39.143442],[-123.742221,39.164885],[-123.765891,39.193657],[-123.774998,39.212083],[-123.777368,39.237214],[-123.787893,39.264327],[-123.803848,39.278771],[-123.803081,39.291747],[-123.811387,39.312825],[-123.808772,39.324368],[-123.822085,39.343857],[-123.826306,39.36871],[-123.81469,39.446538],[-123.766475,39.552803],[-123.787417,39.604552],[-123.782322,39.621486],[-123.792659,39.684122],[-123.808208,39.710715],[-123.829545,39.723071],[-123.838089,39.752409],[-123.839797,39.795637],[-123.851714,39.832041],[-123.907664,39.863028],[-123.930047,39.909697],[-123.954952,39.922373],[-123.980031,39.962458],[-124.035904,40.013319],[-124.056408,40.024305],[-124.068908,40.021307],[-124.079983,40.029773],[-124.080709,40.06611],[-124.110549,40.103765],[-124.187874,40.130542],[-124.214895,40.160902],[-124.296497,40.208816],[-124.320912,40.226617],[-124.327691,40.23737],[-124.34307,40.243979],[-124.363414,40.260974],[-124.363634,40.276212],[-124.347853,40.314634],[-124.362796,40.350046],[-124.365357,40.374855],[-124.373599,40.392923],[-124.391496,40.407047],[-124.409591,40.438076],[-124.38494,40.48982],[-124.383224,40.499852],[-124.387023,40.504954],[-124.382816,40.519],[-124.329404,40.61643],[-124.158322,40.876069],[-124.137066,40.925732],[-124.118147,40.989263],[-124.112165,41.028173],[-124.125448,41.048504],[-124.138217,41.054342],[-124.153622,41.05355],[-124.154513,41.087159],[-124.160556,41.099011],[-124.159065,41.121957],[-124.165414,41.129822],[-124.158539,41.143021],[-124.149674,41.140845],[-124.1438,41.144686],[-124.106986,41.229678],[-124.072294,41.374844],[-124.063076,41.439579],[-124.066057,41.470258],[-124.081427,41.511228],[-124.081987,41.547761],[-124.092404,41.553615],[-124.101123,41.569192],[-124.097385,41.585251],[-124.100961,41.602499],[-124.114413,41.616768],[-124.120225,41.640354],[-124.135552,41.657307],[-124.147412,41.717955],[-124.164716,41.740126],[-124.17739,41.745756],[-124.194953,41.736778],[-124.23972,41.7708],[-124.248704,41.771459],[-124.255994,41.783014],[-124.245027,41.7923],[-124.230678,41.818681],[-124.208439,41.888192],[-124.203402,41.940964],[-124.204948,41.983441],[-124.211605,41.99846],[-123.656998,41.995137],[-123.624554,41.999837],[-123.347562,41.999108],[-123.145959,42.009247],[-123.045254,42.003049],[-122.893961,42.002605],[-122.289533,42.007764]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"California\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"31","issue":"S1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58be833ce4b014cc3a3a99f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powers, Peter M. 0000-0003-2124-6184 pmpowers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2124-6184","contributorId":176814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"Peter","email":"pmpowers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Field, Edward H. 0000-0001-8172-7882 field@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8172-7882","contributorId":52242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Edward","email":"field@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70184232,"text":"70184232 - 2015 - Hydrologic implications of GRACE satellite data in the Colorado River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T18:44:55","indexId":"70184232","displayToPublicDate":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic implications of GRACE satellite data in the Colorado River Basin","docAbstract":"<p><span>Use of GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) satellites for assessing global water resources is rapidly expanding. Here we advance application of GRACE satellites by reconstructing long-term total water storage (TWS) changes from ground-based monitoring and modeling data. We applied the approach to the Colorado River Basin which has experienced multiyear intense droughts at decadal intervals. Estimated TWS declined by 94 km</span><sup>3</sup><span> during 1986–1990 and by 102 km</span><sup>3</sup><span> during 1998–2004, similar to the TWS depletion recorded by GRACE (47 km</span><sup>3</sup><span>) during 2010–2013. Our analysis indicates that TWS depletion is dominated by reductions in surface reservoir and soil moisture storage in the upper Colorado basin with additional reductions in groundwater storage in the lower basin. Groundwater storage changes are controlled mostly by natural responses to wet and dry cycles and irrigation pumping outside of Colorado River delivery zones based on ground-based water level and gravity data. Water storage changes are controlled primarily by variable water inputs in response to wet and dry cycles rather than increasing water use. Surface reservoir storage buffers supply variability with current reservoir storage representing ∼2.5 years of available water use. This study can be used as a template showing how to extend short-term GRACE TWS records and using all available data on storage components of TWS to interpret GRACE data, especially within the context of droughts.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2015WR018090","usgsCitation":"Scanlon, B., Zhang, Z., Reedy, R.C., Pool, D.R., Save, H., Long, D., Chen, J., Wolock, D.M., Conway, B.D., and Winester, D., 2015, Hydrologic implications of GRACE satellite data in the Colorado River Basin: Water Resources Research, v. 51, no. 12, p. 9891-9903, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR018090.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"9891","endPage":"9903","ipdsId":"IP-070650","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471613,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015wr018090","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":336855,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Colorado River Basin","volume":"51","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58be833ce4b014cc3a3a99f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scanlon, Bridget R.","contributorId":74093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scanlon","given":"Bridget R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zhang, Zizhan","contributorId":187508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zhang","given":"Zizhan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reedy, Robert C.","contributorId":187509,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reedy","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pool, Donald R. drpool@usgs.gov","contributorId":1121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pool","given":"Donald","email":"drpool@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Save, Himanshu","contributorId":187510,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Save","given":"Himanshu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Long, Di","contributorId":187511,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Long","given":"Di","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Chen, Jianli","contributorId":187512,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Jianli","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wolock, David M. 0000-0002-6209-938X dwolock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-938X","contributorId":540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolock","given":"David","email":"dwolock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":680676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Conway, Brian D.","contributorId":187513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conway","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Winester, Daniel","contributorId":187514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Winester","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":680678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
]}