Sources, abundance, isotopic compositions, and export fluxes of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), dissolved and colloidal organic carbon (DOC and COC), and particulate organic carbon (POC), and their response to hydrologic regimes were examined through monthly sampling from the Lower Mississippi River during 2006–2008. DIC was the most abundant carbon species, followed by POC and DOC. Concentration and δ13C of DIC decreased with increasing river discharge, while those of DOC remained fairly stable. COC comprised 61 ± 3% of the bulk DOC with similar δ13C abundances but higher percentages of hydrophobic organic acids than DOC, suggesting its aromatic and diagenetically younger status. POC showed peak concentrations during medium flooding events and at the rising limb of large flooding events. While δ13C-POC increased, δ15N of particulate nitrogen decreased with increasing discharge. Overall, the differences in δ13C between DOC or DIC and POC show an inverse correlation with river discharge. The higher input of soil organic matter and respired CO2 during wet seasons was likely the main driver for the convergence of δ13C between DIC and DOC or POC, whereas enhanced in situ primary production and respiration during dry seasons might be responsible for their isotopic divergence. Carbon export fluxes from the Mississippi River were estimated to be 13.6 Tg C yr−1 for DIC, 1.88 Tg C yr−1 for DOC, and 2.30 Tg C yr−1 for POC during 2006–2008. The discharge-normalized DIC yield decreased during wet seasons, while those of POC and DOC increased and remained constant, respectively, implying variable responses in carbon export to the increasing discharge.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015JG003139","usgsCitation":"Cai, Y., Guo, L., Wang, X., and Aiken, G.R., 2015, Abundance, stable isotopic composition, and export fluxes of DOC, POC, and DIC from the Lower Mississippi River during 2006–2008: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, v. 120, no. 11, p. 2273-2288, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JG003139.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"2273","endPage":"2288","ipdsId":"IP-068855","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471648,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jg003139","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":330905,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.5,\n 29.5\n ],\n [\n -91.5,\n 31\n ],\n [\n -90,\n 31\n ],\n [\n -90,\n 29.5\n ],\n [\n -91.5,\n 29.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"120","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"582443f6e4b09065cdf3053b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cai, Yihua","contributorId":176752,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cai","given":"Yihua","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guo, Laodong","contributorId":176753,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guo","given":"Laodong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wang, Xuri","contributorId":176754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Xuri","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70157269,"text":"ofr20151182 - 2015 - The relationship between the ratio of strontium to calcium and sea-surface temperature in a modern Porites astreoides coral: Implications for using P. astreoides as a paleoclimate archive","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-13T13:27:24","indexId":"ofr20151182","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-13T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1182","title":"The relationship between the ratio of strontium to calcium and sea-surface temperature in a modern Porites astreoides coral: Implications for using P. astreoides as a paleoclimate archive","docAbstract":"An inverse relationship has been demonstrated between water temperature and the ratio of strontium to calcium (Sr/Ca) in coral aragonite for a number of Pacific species of the genus Porites. This empirically determined relationship has been used to reconstruct past sea-surface temperature (SST) from modern and Holocene age coral archives. A study was conducted to investigate this relationship for Porites astreoides to determine the potential for using these corals as a paleotemperature archive in the Caribbean and western tropical Atlantic Ocean. Skeletal aragonite from a P. astreoides colony growing offshore of the southeast coast of Florida was subsampled with a mean temporal resolution of 14 samples per year and analyzed for Sr/Ca. The resulting Sr/Ca time series yielded well-defined annual cycles that correspond to annual growth bands in the coral. Sr/Ca was regressed against a monthly SST record from C-MAN buoy station FWYF1 (located at Fowey Rocks, Florida), resulting in the following Sr/Ca-SST relationship: Sr/Ca = –0.040*SST + 10.128 (R = –0.77). A 10-year time series of Sr/Ca-derived SST yields annual cycles with a 10–12 degree Celsius seasonal amplitude, consistent with available local instrumental records. We conclude that Sr/Ca in Porites astreoides from the Caribbean/Atlantic region has high potential for developing subannually resolved modern and recent Holocene SST records.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151182","usgsCitation":"Busch, T.E., Flannery, J.A., Richey, J.N., and Stathakopoulos, Anastasios, 2015, The relationship between the ratio of strontium to calcium and sea-surface temperature in a modern Porites astreoides coral—Implications for using P. astreoides as a paleoclimate archive: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1182, 10 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151182.","productDescription":"iv, 10 p.","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065459","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311286,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1182/ofr20151182.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.58 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1182"},{"id":311285,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1182/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","city":"Miami","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.99621582031249,\n 24.956180020055925\n ],\n [\n -82.99621582031249,\n 27.756468889550746\n ],\n [\n -79.38720703125,\n 27.756468889550746\n ],\n [\n -79.38720703125,\n 24.956180020055925\n ],\n [\n -82.99621582031249,\n 24.956180020055925\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
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Despite recent advances in spectroscopic techniques, there is uncertainty regarding the nature of the carbonyl groups in the asphaltene and resin fractions of crude oil, information necessary for an understanding of the physical properties and environmental fate of these materials. Carbonyl and hydroxyl group functionalities are not observed in natural abundance 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of asphaltenes and resins and therefore require spin labeling techniques for detection. In this study, the carbonyl functionalities of the resin and asphaltene fractions from a light aliphatic crude oil that is the source of groundwater contamination at the long term USGS study site near Bemidji, Minnesota, have been examined through reaction with 15N-labeled hydroxylamine and aniline in conjunction with analysis by solid and liquid state 15N NMR. Ketone groups were revealed through 15N NMR detection of their oxime and Schiff base derivatives, and esters through their hydroxamic acid derivatives. Anilinohydroquinone adducts provided evidence for quinones. Some possible configurations of the ketone groups in the resin and asphaltene fractions can be inferred from a consideration of the likely reactions that lead to heterocyclic condensation products with aniline and to the Beckmann reaction products from the initially formed oximes. These include aromatic ketones and ketones adjacent to quaternary carbon centers, β-hydroxyketones, β-diketones, and β-ketoesters. In a solid state cross polarization/magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) 15N NMR spectrum recorded on the underivatized asphaltene as a control, carbazole and pyrrole-like nitrogens were the major naturally abundant nitrogens detected.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0142452","usgsCitation":"Thorn, K.A., and Cox, L.G., 2015, Probing the carbonyl functionality of a petroleum resin and asphaltene through oximation and schiff base formation in conjunction with N-15 NMR: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 11, e0142452: 25 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0142452.","productDescription":"e0142452: 25 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062013","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471649,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0142452","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311205,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"Bemidji","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.108642578125,\n 47.338822694822\n ],\n [\n -95.108642578125,\n 47.64133557512159\n ],\n [\n -94.64996337890625,\n 47.64133557512159\n ],\n [\n -94.64996337890625,\n 47.338822694822\n ],\n [\n -95.108642578125,\n 47.338822694822\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5645b887e4b0e2669b30f1d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorn, Kevin A. 0000-0003-2236-5193 kathorn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2236-5193","contributorId":3288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorn","given":"Kevin","email":"kathorn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cox, Larry G. lgcox@usgs.gov","contributorId":3310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"Larry","email":"lgcox@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":579491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70159588,"text":"70159588 - 2015 - Effects of water temperature and fish size on predation vulnerability of juvenile humpback chub to rainbow trout and brown trout","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-12T11:08:19","indexId":"70159588","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-12T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of water temperature and fish size on predation vulnerability of juvenile humpback chub to rainbow trout and brown trout","docAbstract":"Predation on juvenile native fish by introduced Rainbow Trout and Brown Trout is considered a significant threat to the persistence of endangered Humpback Chub Gila cypha in the Colorado River in the Grand Canyon. Diet studies of Rainbow Trout and Brown Trout in Glen and Grand canyons indicate that these species do eat native fish, but impacts are difficult to assess because predation vulnerability is highly variable, depending on prey size, predator size, and the water temperatures under which the predation interactions take place. We conducted laboratory experiments to evaluate how short-term predation vulnerability of juvenile native fish changes in response to fish size and water temperature using captivity-reared Humpback Chub, Bonytail, and Roundtail Chub. Juvenile chub 45–90 mm total length (TL) were exposed to adult Rainbow and Brown trouts at 10, 15, and 20°C to measure predation vulnerability as a function of water temperature and fish size. A 1°C increase in water temperature decreased short-term predation vulnerability of Humpback Chub to Rainbow Trout by about 5%, although the relationship is not linear. Brown Trout were highly piscivorous in the laboratory at any size > 220 mm TL and at all water temperatures we tested. Understanding the effects of predation by trout on endangered Humpback Chub is critical in evaluating management options aimed at preserving native fishes in Grand Canyon National Park.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1080/00028487.2015.1077160","usgsCitation":"Ward, D.L., and Morton-Starner, R., 2015, Effects of water temperature and fish size on predation vulnerability of juvenile humpback chub to rainbow trout and brown trout: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 144, p. 1184-1191, https://doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2015.1077160.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1184","endPage":"1191","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062089","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311200,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"144","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5645b886e4b0e2669b30f1cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ward, David L. 0000-0002-3355-0637 dlward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3355-0637","contributorId":3879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dlward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morton-Starner, Rylan rmorton-starner@usgs.gov","contributorId":5256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton-Starner","given":"Rylan","email":"rmorton-starner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70159136,"text":"fs20153072 - 2015 - Assessment of shale-oil resources of the Central Sumatra Basin, Indonesia, 2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-15T15:02:47","indexId":"fs20153072","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-12T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-3072","title":"Assessment of shale-oil resources of the Central Sumatra Basin, Indonesia, 2015","docAbstract":"Using a geology-based assessment methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated means of 459 million barrels of shale oil, 275 billion cubic feet of associated gas, and 23 million barrels of natural gas liquids in the Central Sumatra Basin, Indonesia.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153072","collaboration":"National and Global Petroleum Assessment","usgsCitation":"Schenk, C.J., Charpentier, R.R., Klett, T.R., Tennyson, M.E., Mercier, T.J., Brownfield, M.E., Pitman, J.K., Gaswirth, S.B., and Leathers-Miller, H.M., 2015, Assessment of shale-oil resources of the Central Sumatra Basin, Indonesia, 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015-3072, 2 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20153072.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066710","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311106,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3072/fs20153072.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.50 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2015-3072"},{"id":311104,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3072/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"Indonesia","otherGeospatial":"Central Sumatra Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 100.99731445312499,\n 3.1734250695079433\n ],\n [\n 101.173095703125,\n 2.701635047944533\n ],\n [\n 101.656494140625,\n 2.3065056838291094\n ],\n [\n 102.315673828125,\n 1.8124417945380265\n ],\n [\n 102.645263671875,\n 1.4390576608077637\n ],\n [\n 102.908935546875,\n 1.0656123898763876\n ],\n [\n 103.17260742187499,\n 0.7031073524364783\n ],\n [\n 103.22753906249999,\n 0.4614207935306211\n ],\n [\n 103.46923828124999,\n 0.2856433479945185\n ],\n [\n 103.64501953125,\n 0.03295898255729738\n ],\n [\n 103.798828125,\n -0.21972602392080884\n ],\n [\n 103.831787109375,\n -0.4394488164139641\n ],\n [\n 103.60107421874999,\n -0.6481795331595092\n ],\n [\n 103.4033203125,\n -0.8019757647536726\n ],\n [\n 103.018798828125,\n -0.7470491450051796\n ],\n [\n 102.623291015625,\n -1.098565496040652\n ],\n [\n 102.10693359375,\n -0.9008417889908868\n ],\n [\n 101.832275390625,\n -0.9667509997666298\n ],\n [\n 100.94238281249999,\n -0.39550467153200675\n ],\n [\n 100.338134765625,\n 0.39550467153201946\n ],\n [\n 100.118408203125,\n 0.6811362994451233\n ],\n [\n 100.03051757812499,\n 1.3951257897508365\n ],\n [\n 99.755859375,\n 1.5708480935151505\n ],\n [\n 100.99731445312499,\n 3.1734250695079433\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-939
Denver Federal Center
Denver, CO 80225-0046
http://energy.usgs.gov/
Multi-proxy analyses were conducted on a sediment core from Favre Lake, a high elevation cirque lake in the northern Ruby Mountains, Nevada, and provide a ca. 7600 year record of local and regional environmental change. Data indicate that lake levels were lower from 7600-5750 cal yr BP, when local climate was warmer and/or drier than today. Effective moisture increased after 5750 cal yr BP and remained relatively wet, and possibly cooler, until ca. 3750 cal yr BP. Results indicate generally dry conditions but also enhanced climatic variability from 3750-1750 cal yr BP, after which effective moisture increased. The timing of major changes in the Favre Lake proxy data are roughly coeval and in phase with those recorded in several paleoclimate studies across the Great Basin, suggesting regional climatic controls on local conditions and similar responses at high and low altitudes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2015.03.026","usgsCitation":"Wahl, D.B., Starratt, S.W., Anderson, L., Kusler, J.E., Fuller, C.C., Addison, J.A., and Wan, E., 2015, Holocene environmental changes inferred from biological and sedimentological proxies in a high elevation Great Basin lake in the northern Ruby Mountains, Nevada, USA: Quaternary International, v. 387, p. 87-98, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.03.026.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"98","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057967","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311198,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Ruby Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.67504882812501,\n 39.97291055131899\n ],\n [\n -115.67504882812501,\n 41.10212132036491\n ],\n [\n -115.00762939453125,\n 41.10212132036491\n ],\n [\n -115.00762939453125,\n 39.97291055131899\n ],\n [\n -115.67504882812501,\n 39.97291055131899\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"387","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5645b887e4b0e2669b30f1d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wahl, David B. 0000-0002-0451-3554 dwahl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0451-3554","contributorId":3433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wahl","given":"David","email":"dwahl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":24693,"text":"Climate Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Starratt, Scott W. 0000-0001-9405-1746 sstarrat@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9405-1746","contributorId":2891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Starratt","given":"Scott","email":"sstarrat@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Lysanna 0000-0001-5650-9744 landerson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5650-9744","contributorId":5339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Lysanna","email":"landerson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kusler, Jennifer E. jkusler@usgs.gov","contributorId":5151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kusler","given":"Jennifer","email":"jkusler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fuller, Christopher C. 0000-0002-2354-8074 ccfuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2354-8074","contributorId":1831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Christopher","email":"ccfuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Addison, Jason A. 0000-0003-2416-9743 jaddison@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2416-9743","contributorId":4192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Addison","given":"Jason","email":"jaddison@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wan, Elmira 0000-0002-9255-112X ewan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9255-112X","contributorId":3434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wan","given":"Elmira","email":"ewan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70159807,"text":"70159807 - 2015 - Use of stable isotope signatures to determine mercury sources in the Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T15:52:12","indexId":"70159807","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-12T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5022,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters","onlineIssn":"2328-8930","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of stable isotope signatures to determine mercury sources in the Great Lakes","docAbstract":"Sources of mercury (Hg) in Great Lakes sediments were assessed with stable Hg isotope ratios using multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. An isotopic mixing model based on mass-dependent (MDF) and mass-independent fractionation (MIF) (δ202Hg and Δ199Hg) identified three primary Hg sources for sediments: atmospheric, industrial, and watershed-derived. Results indicate atmospheric sources dominate in Lakes Huron, Superior, and Michigan sediments while watershed-derived and industrial sources dominate in Lakes Erie and Ontario sediments. Anomalous Δ200Hg signatures, also apparent in sediments, provided independent validation of the model. Comparison of Δ200Hg signatures in predatory fish from three lakes reveals that bioaccumulated Hg is more isotopically similar to atmospherically derived Hg than a lake’s sediment. Previous research suggests Δ200Hg is conserved during biogeochemical processing and odd mass-independent fractionation (MIF) is conserved during metabolic processing, so it is suspected even is similarly conserved. Given these assumptions, our data suggest that in some cases, atmospherically derived Hg may be a more important source of MeHg to higher trophic levels than legacy sediments in the Great Lakes.
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Discrete water samples were collected from VINP bays to determine UV filter chemical presence in the coastal waters. Spatial distribution and the potential for partitioning between subsurface waters and the sea surface microlayer (SML) were also examined. The UV filter chemicals 4-methylbenzylidene camphor, benzophenone-3, octinoxate, homosalate, and octocrylene were detected at concentrations up to 6073 ng/L (benzophenone-3). Concentrations for benzophenone-3 and homosalate declined exponentially (r2 = 0.86 to 0.98) with distance from the beach. Limited data indicate that some UV filter chemicals may partition to the SML relative to the subsurface waters. Contamination of VINP coastal waters by UV filter chemicals may be a significant issue, but an improved understanding of the temporal and spatial variability of their concentrations would be necessary to better understand the risk they present.
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impair groundwater resources. Reactive transport models help elucidate how diverse geochemical reactions control the spatiotemporal evolution of these impacts. Using extensive monitoring data from a crude oil spill site near Bemidji, Minnesota (USA), we implemented a comprehensive model that simulates secondary plumes of depleted dissolved O2 and elevated concentrations of Mn2+, Fe2+, CH4, and Ca2+ over a two-dimensional cross section for 30 years following the spill. The model produces observed changes by representing multiple oil constituents and coupled carbonate and hydroxide chemistry. The model includes reactions with carbonates and Fe and Mn mineral phases, outgassing of CH4 and CO2 gas phases, and sorption of Fe, Mn, and H+. Model results demonstrate that most of the carbon loss from the oil (70%) occurs through direct outgassing from the oil source zone, greatly limiting the amount of CH4 cycled down-gradient. The vast majority of reduced Fe is strongly attenuated on sediments, with most (91%) in the sorbed form in the model. Ferrous carbonates constitute a small fraction of the reduced Fe in simulations, but may be important for furthering the reduction of ferric oxides. The combined effect of concomitant redox reactions, sorption, and dissolved CO2 inputs from source-zone degradation successfully reproduced observed pH. The model demonstrates that secondary water quality impacts may depend strongly on organic carbon properties, and impacts may decrease due to sorption and direct outgassing from the source zone.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015WR016964","usgsCitation":"Ng, G.C., Bekins, B.A., Cozzarelli, I.M., Baedecker, M.J., Bennett, P.C., Amos, R.T., and Herkelrath, W.N., 2015, Reactive transport modeling of geochemical controls on secondary water quality impacts at a crude oil spill site near Bemidji, MN: Water Resources Research, v. 51, no. 6, p. 4156-4183, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR016964.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"4156","endPage":"4183","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064817","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471651,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015wr016964","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311418,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","county":"Bemidji","otherGeospatial":"Bemindji Oil Spill site","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.13130187988281,\n 47.5363264438391\n ],\n [\n -95.0456428527832,\n 47.5363264438391\n ],\n [\n -95.0456428527832,\n 47.57316730158045\n ],\n [\n -95.13130187988281,\n 47.57316730158045\n ],\n [\n -95.13130187988281,\n 47.5363264438391\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"51","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564c5de4e4b0ebfbef0d348b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ng, Gene-Hua Crystal gng@usgs.gov","contributorId":5313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ng","given":"Gene-Hua","email":"gng@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Crystal","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - 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Fish collected on 3 dates in 2012 and 2013 were sectioned and examined histologically. Large extrasporogonic stages occurred in the renal interstitium of several fish from the first 2 collections (5/8, 11/20, respectively) and, in some fish, these replaced over 80% of the kidney. In addition, presporogonic and polysporogonic stages occurred in the lumen of the renal tubules, collecting ducts, and mesonephric ducts. The latter contained subspherical spores with up to 4 polar capsules, consistent with the genus Chloromyxum. For the third collection (15 May 2013, n = 30), we portioned kidneys for examination by histology, wet mount, and DNA extraction for small subunit ribosomal (SSU rDNA) gene sequencing. Histology showed the large extrasporogonic forms in the kidney interstitium of 3 fish and showed 2 other fish with subspherical myxospores in the lumen of the renal tubules with smooth valves and 2 spherical polar capsules consistent with the genus Sphaerospora. Chloromyxum-type myxospores were observed in the renal tubules of 1 fish by wet mount. Sequencing of the kidney tissue from this fish yielded a partial SSU rDNA sequence of 1,769 base pairs (bp). Phylogenetic reconstruction suggested this organism to be a novel species of Chloromyxum, most similar to Chloromyxum careni (84% similarity). In addition, subspherical myxospores with smooth valves and 2 spherical polar capsules consistent with the genus Sphaerospora were observed in wet mounts of 2 fish. Sequencing of the kidney tissue from 1 fish yielded a partial SSU rDNA sequence of 1,937 bp. Phylogenetic reconstruction suggests this organism to be a novel species of Sphaerospora most closely related to Sphaerospora epinepheli (93%). We conclude that these organisms represent novel species of the genera Chloromyxum and Sphaerospora based on host, location, and SSU rDNA sequence. We further conclude that the formation of large, histozoic extrasporogonic stages in the renal interstitium represents developmental stages of Chloromyxum species for the following reasons: (1) Large extrasporogonic stages were only observed in fish with Chloromyxum-type spores developing within the renal tubules, (2) a DNA sequence consistent with the Chloromyxum sp. was only detected in fish with the large extrasporogonic stages, and (3) several Sphaerospora species have extrasporogonic forms, but they are considerably smaller and are composed of far fewer cells.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Parasitologists","doi":"10.1645/15-726","usgsCitation":"Sanders, J.L., Jaramillo, A.G., Ashford, J.E., Feist, S.W., Lafferty, K.D., and Kent, M., 2015, Two myxozoans from the urinary tract of topsmelt, Atherinops affinis: Journal of Parasitology, v. 101, no. 5, p. 577-586, https://doi.org/10.1645/15-726.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"577","endPage":"586","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2012-02-06","temporalEnd":"2013-05-15","ipdsId":"IP-066115","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311189,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Carpinteria Salt Marsh","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.53593652165601,\n 34.39627976048814\n ],\n [\n -119.5278788703308,\n 34.39699212593192\n ],\n [\n -119.52615223076108,\n 34.400672584126326\n ],\n [\n -119.53737538796416,\n 34.40548068078242\n ],\n [\n -119.54651218902019,\n 34.405658753129956\n ],\n [\n -119.54233947672694,\n 34.401147470167274\n ],\n [\n -119.53787899117185,\n 34.3971702163454\n ],\n [\n -119.53593652165601,\n 34.39627976048814\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"101","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564466a8e4b0aafbcd01854d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanders, Justin L.","contributorId":149799,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sanders","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaramillo, Alejandra G.","contributorId":149800,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jaramillo","given":"Alejandra","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":6710,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ashford, Jacob E.","contributorId":149801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ashford","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6710,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Feist, Stephen W.","contributorId":149802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feist","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":17829,"text":"Centre for Environment, Fisheries, and Aquaculture Science (Cefas)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kent, Michael L.","contributorId":108420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"Michael L.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":579630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70159596,"text":"70159596 - 2015 - Lava lake level as a gauge of magma reservoir pressure and eruptive hazard","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-11T10:42:05","indexId":"70159596","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-11T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lava lake level as a gauge of magma reservoir pressure and eruptive hazard","docAbstract":"Forecasting volcanic activity relies fundamentally on tracking magma pressure through the use of proxies, such as ground surface deformation and earthquake rates. Lava lakes at open-vent basaltic volcanoes provide a window into the uppermost magma system for gauging reservoir pressure changes more directly. At Kīlauea Volcano (Hawaiʻi, USA) the surface height of the summit lava lake in Halemaʻumaʻu Crater fluctuates with surface deformation over short (hours to days) and long (weeks to months) time scales. This correlation implies that the lake behaves as a simple piezometer of the subsurface magma reservoir. Changes in lava level and summit deformation scale with (and shortly precede) changes in eruption rate from Kīlauea's East Rift Zone, indicating that summit lava level can be used for short-term forecasting of rift zone activity and associated hazards at Kīlauea.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/G36896.1","usgsCitation":"Patrick, M.R., Anderson, K.R., Poland, M., Orr, T., and Swanson, D., 2015, Lava lake level as a gauge of magma reservoir pressure and eruptive hazard: Geology, v. 43, no. 9, p. 831-834, https://doi.org/10.1130/G36896.1.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"831","endPage":"834","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063784","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311187,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.2141571044922,\n 19.254756553409987\n ],\n [\n -155.2141571044922,\n 19.419325579756944\n ],\n [\n -154.96421813964844,\n 19.419325579756944\n ],\n [\n -154.96421813964844,\n 19.254756553409987\n ],\n [\n -155.2141571044922,\n 19.254756553409987\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"43","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564466a7e4b0aafbcd01854b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Patrick, Matthew R. 0000-0002-8042-6639 mpatrick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8042-6639","contributorId":2070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patrick","given":"Matthew","email":"mpatrick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Kyle R. 0000-0001-8041-3996 kranderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8041-3996","contributorId":3522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Kyle","email":"kranderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":579633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Orr, Tim R. torr@usgs.gov","contributorId":3766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orr","given":"Tim R.","email":"torr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Swanson, Donald A. donswan@usgs.gov","contributorId":149804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Donald A.","email":"donswan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":579635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70188876,"text":"70188876 - 2015 - Limiting age for the Provo shoreline of Lake Bonneville","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T10:00:55","indexId":"70188876","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3217,"text":"Quaternary International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Limiting age for the Provo shoreline of Lake Bonneville","docAbstract":"Pluvial Lake Bonneville features a prominent shoreline at the Provo level, which has been interpreted as having formed during a period of threshold-stabilized overflow. The timing of Provo shoreline development is important for paleoclimate interpretations and for inferences on geomorphic process rates. Estimates for the timing of the shoreline formation, based on radiocarbon measurements from gastropod shells, are from approximately 18 to 15 cal ka. One key radiocarbon age on plant fragments from Swan Lake, which formed in the threshold spillway after overflow ceased, has been taken as a young limiting age. The conventional age of 12090 ± 300 14C when calibrated at 2σ has large uncertainty (13375–15103 cal BP). We report six new AMS radiocarbon ages recovered from new Swan Lake sediment cores. A twig near the base of lacustrine muds was dated at 11,615 ± 40 14C yr (13,350 to 13,560 cal BP). Age determinations on roots in that interval and deeper in the core are somewhat younger. These ages limit the last overflow of the Provo stand to earlier than ∼13.5 cal ka BP, consistent with the younger bound of the imprecise age reported by Bright. If conservative interpretations of sedimentation rates for the thick well-sorted sand interval below the lacustrine muds are correct and landscape change that resulted in damming of Swan Lake is accounted for, cessation of flow probably occurred before ∼14.5 cal ka BP.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2015.01.001","usgsCitation":"Miller, D., Wahl, D.B., McGeehin, J., Rosario, J.J., Oviatt, C.G., Anderson, L., and Presnetsova, L., 2015, Limiting age for the Provo shoreline of Lake Bonneville: Quaternary International, v. 387, p. 99-105, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.01.001.","productDescription":"7 p. ","startPage":"99","endPage":"105","ipdsId":"IP-057921","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342942,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Lake Bonneville","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.53247070312499,\n 40.02340800226773\n ],\n [\n -110.7476806640625,\n 40.02340800226773\n ],\n [\n -110.7476806640625,\n 42.25291778330197\n ],\n [\n -114.53247070312499,\n 42.25291778330197\n ],\n [\n -114.53247070312499,\n 40.02340800226773\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"387","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59536eaae4b062508e3c7a87","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, David M. 0000-0003-3711-0441 dmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":140769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David M.","email":"dmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wahl, David B. 0000-0002-0451-3554 dwahl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0451-3554","contributorId":3433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wahl","given":"David","email":"dwahl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24693,"text":"Climate Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGeehin, John mcgeehin@usgs.gov","contributorId":167455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGeehin","given":"John","email":"mcgeehin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosario, Jose J. jrosario@usgs.gov","contributorId":5638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosario","given":"Jose","email":"jrosario@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Oviatt, Charles G.","contributorId":36580,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oviatt","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Anderson, Lysanna 0000-0001-5650-9744 landerson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5650-9744","contributorId":5339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Lysanna","email":"landerson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Presnetsova, Liubov S. lpresnetsova@usgs.gov","contributorId":5696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Presnetsova","given":"Liubov S.","email":"lpresnetsova@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70159499,"text":"70159499 - 2015 - Flushing of distal hillslopes as an alternative source of stream dissolved organic carbon in a headwater catchment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-23T13:16:59","indexId":"70159499","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-10T17:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Flushing of distal hillslopes as an alternative source of stream dissolved organic carbon in a headwater catchment","docAbstract":"We investigated potential source areas of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in headwater streams by examining DOC concentrations in lysimeter, shallow well, and stream water samples from a reference catchment at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest. These observations were then compared to high-frequency temporal variations in fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) at the catchment outlet and the predicted spatial extent of shallow groundwater in soils throughout the catchment. While near-stream soils are generally considered a DOC source in forested catchments, DOC concentrations in near-stream groundwater were low (mean = 2.4 mg/L, standard error = 0.6 mg/L), less than hillslope groundwater farther from the channel (mean = 5.7 mg/L, standard error = 0.4 mg/L). Furthermore, water tables in near-stream soils did not rise into the carbon-rich upper B or O horizons even during events. In contrast, soils below bedrock outcrops near channel heads where lateral soil formation processes dominate had much higher DOC concentrations. Soils immediately downslope of bedrock areas had thick eluvial horizons indicative of leaching of organic materials, Fe, and Al and had similarly high DOC concentrations in groundwater (mean = 14.5 mg/L, standard error = 0.8 mg/L). Flow from bedrock outcrops partially covered by organic soil horizons produced the highest groundwater DOC concentrations (mean = 20.0 mg/L, standard error = 4.6 mg/L) measured in the catchment. Correspondingly, stream water in channel heads sourced in part by shallow soils and bedrock outcrops had the highest stream DOC concentrations measured in the catchment. Variation in FDOM concentrations at the catchment outlet followed water table fluctuations in shallow to bedrock soils near channel heads. We show that shallow hillslope soils receiving runoff from organic matter-covered bedrock outcrops may be a major source of DOC in headwater catchments in forested mountainous regions where catchments have exposed or shallow bedrock near channel heads.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2015WR016927","usgsCitation":"Gannon, J.P., Bailey, S.W., McGuire, K.J., and Shanley, J.B., 2015, Flushing of distal hillslopes as an alternative source of stream dissolved organic carbon in a headwater catchment: Water Resources Research, v. 51, no. 10, p. 8114-8128, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR016927.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"8114","endPage":"8128","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066820","costCenters":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471652,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015wr016927","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311181,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Hampshire","otherGeospatial":"Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, White Mountain National Forest","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.88079833984375,\n 43.76315996157264\n ],\n [\n -71.88079833984375,\n 44.14082683077555\n ],\n [\n -71.11175537109375,\n 44.14082683077555\n ],\n [\n -71.11175537109375,\n 43.76315996157264\n ],\n [\n -71.88079833984375,\n 43.76315996157264\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"51","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56431532e4b0aafbcd017fa6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gannon, John P","contributorId":149717,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gannon","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"P","affiliations":[{"id":17789,"text":"Western Carolina University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bailey, Scott W. 0000-0002-9160-156X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9160-156X","contributorId":36840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGuire, Kevin J.","contributorId":69870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGuire","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shanley, James B. 0000-0002-4234-3437 jshanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3437","contributorId":1953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"James","email":"jshanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159594,"text":"70159594 - 2015 - Home range and habitat use of juvenile green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in the northern Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-17T23:15:31","indexId":"70159594","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-10T16:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":773,"text":"Animal Biotelemetry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Home range and habitat use of juvenile green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in the northern Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"Background: For imperiled marine turtles, use of satellite telemetry has proven to be an effective method in determining long distance movements. However, the large size of the tag, relatively high cost and low spatial resolution of this method make it more difficult to examine fine-scale movements of individuals, particularly at foraging grounds where animals are frequently submerged. Acoustic telemetry offers a more suitable method of assessing fine-scale movement patterns with a smaller tag that provides more precise locations. We used acoustic telemetry to define home ranges and describe habitat use of juvenile green turtles at a temperate foraging ground in the northern Gulf of Mexico.
\nResults: We outfitted eight juvenile green turtles with acoustic transmitters and tracked them from 14 to 138 days from September 2012 to February 2013 in St. Joseph Bay, Northwest Florida. Mean home range size was relatively small compared to other studies. For four turtles, we observed a moderate inverse relationship between water temperature and water depth which is consistent with the idea that turtles moved to deeper waters when temperatures cooled. On average distance to the channel from turtle locations were different by bottom cover type. These turtles appear to forage in shallow-water seagrass beds that border deep channels. When water temperatures dropped in winter, some of the tracked turtles moved to a deep-water channel on the western side of the study site. Turtles whose foraging sites were farther from the deep-water channel exhibited greater displacement than those with sites that were closer to the channel.
\nConclusions: Green turtles in St. Joseph Bay have relatively small home ranges and many contain multiple activity centers. The frequent use of channels by turtles suggests bathymetry plays a major role in habitat selection of juvenile green turtles, particularly as temperatures drop in winter. The quality and density of seagrass habitat in St. Joseph Bay and its proximity to deep channels appears to provide ideal conditions for juvenile greens. The results of this study help define characteristics of foraging habitat utilized by juvenile greens in the northern Gulf of Mexico that managers can use in creating protected areas such as aquatic preserves.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioMed Central","doi":"10.1186/s40317-015-0089-9","usgsCitation":"Lamont, M.M., Fujisaki, I., Stephens, B.S., and Hackett, C., 2015, Home range and habitat use of juvenile green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in the northern Gulf of Mexico: Animal Biotelemetry, v. 3, no. 53, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-015-0089-9.","productDescription":"12 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2012-09-01","temporalEnd":"2013-02-28","ipdsId":"IP-062733","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471653,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-015-0089-9","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311179,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.40771484375,\n 29.818008344682042\n ],\n [\n -85.31295776367188,\n 29.821582720575016\n ],\n [\n -85.30746459960938,\n 29.68685971706881\n ],\n [\n -85.35964965820312,\n 29.682087444299334\n ],\n [\n -85.40634155273438,\n 29.785833211631733\n ],\n [\n -85.41458129882812,\n 29.81205076752506\n ],\n [\n -85.40771484375,\n 29.818008344682042\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"3","issue":"53","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56431533e4b0aafbcd017faa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lamont, Margaret M. 0000-0001-7520-6669 mlamont@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7520-6669","contributorId":4525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamont","given":"Margaret","email":"mlamont@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fujisaki, Ikuko","contributorId":38359,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fujisaki","given":"Ikuko","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stephens, Brail S.","contributorId":105214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"Brail","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hackett, Caitlin","contributorId":149797,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hackett","given":"Caitlin","affiliations":[{"id":12557,"text":"University of Florida, FLREC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159580,"text":"70159580 - 2015 - Hydrogeochemical effects of a bulkhead in the Dinero mine tunnel, Sugar Loaf mining district, near Leadville, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T15:44:27","indexId":"70159580","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-10T16:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogeochemical effects of a bulkhead in the Dinero mine tunnel, Sugar Loaf mining district, near Leadville, Colorado","docAbstract":"The Dinero mine drainage tunnel is an abandoned, draining mine adit near Leadville, Colorado, that has an adverse effect on downstream water quality and aquatic life. In 2009, a bulkhead was constructed (creating a mine pool and increasing water-table elevations behind the tunnel) to limit drainage from the tunnel and improve downstream water quality. The goal of this study was to document changes to hydrology and water quality resulting from bulkhead emplacement, and to understand post-bulkhead changes in source water and geochemical processes that control mine-tunnel discharge and water quality. Comparison of pre-and post-bulkhead hydrology and water quality indicated that tunnel discharge and zinc and manganese loads decreased by up to 97 percent at the portal of Dinero tunnel and at two downstream sites (LF-537 and LF-580). However, some water-quality problems persisted at LF-537 and LF-580 during high-flow events and years, indicating the effects of the remaining mine waste in the area. In contrast, post-bulkhead water quality degraded at three upstream stream sites and a draining mine tunnel (Nelson tunnel). Water-quality degradation in the streams likely occurred from increased contributions of mine-pool groundwater to the streams. In contrast, water-quality degradation in the Nelson tunnel was likely from flow of mine-pool water along a vein that connects the Nelson tunnel to mine workings behind the Dinero tunnel bulkhead. Principal components analysis, mixing analysis, and inverse geochemical modeling using PHREEQC indicated that mixing and geochemical reactions (carbonate dissolution during acid weathering, precipitation of goethite and birnessite, and sorption of zinc) between three end-member water types generally explain the pre-and post-bulkhead water composition at the Dinero and Nelson tunnels. The three end members were (1) a relatively dilute groundwater having low sulfate and trace element concentrations; (2) mine pool water, and (3) water that flowed from a structure in front of the bulkhead after bulkhead emplacement. Both (2) and (3) had high sulfate and trace element concentrations. These results indicate how analysis of monitoring information can be used to understand hydrogeochemical changes resulting from bulkhead emplacement. This understanding, in turn, can help inform future decisions on the disposition of the remaining mine waste and water-quality problems in the area.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.03.002","usgsCitation":"Walton-Day, K., and Mills, T.J., 2015, Hydrogeochemical effects of a bulkhead in the Dinero mine tunnel, Sugar Loaf mining district, near Leadville, Colorado: Applied Geochemistry, v. 62, p. 61-74, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.03.002.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"61","endPage":"74","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057803","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311176,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Lake County","otherGeospatial":"Sugar Loaf Mining District","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.3974380493164,\n 39.236109077098135\n ],\n [\n -106.3974380493164,\n 39.26934111143279\n ],\n [\n -106.36722564697266,\n 39.26934111143279\n ],\n [\n -106.36722564697266,\n 39.236109077098135\n ],\n [\n -106.3974380493164,\n 39.236109077098135\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"62","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56431534e4b0aafbcd017fb0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walton-Day, Katherine 0000-0002-9146-6193 kwaltond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-6193","contributorId":1245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walton-Day","given":"Katherine","email":"kwaltond@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":579558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mills, Taylor J. 0000-0001-7252-0521 tmills@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7252-0521","contributorId":4658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mills","given":"Taylor","email":"tmills@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70159182,"text":"sim3341 - 2015 - Seabed maps showing topography, ruggedness, backscatter intensity, sediment mobility, and the distribution of geologic substrates in Quadrangle 6 of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary Region offshore of Boston, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-02T18:55:39.361302","indexId":"sim3341","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-10T15:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3341","title":"Seabed maps showing topography, ruggedness, backscatter intensity, sediment mobility, and the distribution of geologic substrates in Quadrangle 6 of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary Region offshore of Boston, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Marine Sanctuary Program, has conducted seabed mapping and related research in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary (SBNMS) region since 1993. The area is approximately 3,700 square kilometers (km2) and is subdivided into 18 quadrangles. Seven maps, at a scale of 1:25,000, of quadrangle 6 (211 km2) depict seabed topography, backscatter, ruggedness, geology, substrate mobility, mud content, and areas dominated by fine-grained or coarse-grained sand. Interpretations of bathymetric and seabed backscatter imagery, photographs, video, and grain-size analyses were used to create the geology-based maps. In all, data from 420 stations were analyzed, including sediment samples from 325 locations. The seabed geology map shows the distribution of 10 substrate types ranging from boulder ridges to immobile, muddy sand to mobile, rippled sand. Mapped substrate types are defined on the basis of sediment grain-size composition, surface morphology, sediment layering, the mobility or immobility of substrate surfaces, and water depth range. This map series is intended to portray the major geological elements (substrates, topographic features, processes) of environments within quadrangle 6. Additionally, these maps will be the basis for the study of the ecological requirements of invertebrate and vertebrate species that utilize these substrates and guide seabed management in the region.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3341","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","usgsCitation":"Valentine, P.C., and Gallea, L.B., 2015, Seabed maps showing topography, ruggedness, backscatter intensity, sediment mobility, and the distribution of geologic substrates in quadrangle 6 of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region offshore of Boston, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3341, 10 sheets, scale 1:25,000, and 21-p. pamphlet, https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sim3341.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 21 p.; 10 Plates: 28.0 x 36.0 inches; Table; Spatial Data","numberOfPages":"34","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-026747","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":426835,"rank":18,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sim3515","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 3515","linkHelpText":"- Seabed Maps Showing Topography, Ruggedness, Backscatter Intensity, Sediment Mobility, and the Distribution of Geologic Substrates in Quadrangle 5 of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary Region Offshore of Boston, Massachusetts"},{"id":311079,"rank":17,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3341/data/SIM3341_stations_geology.zip","text":"Station location data and metadata","size":"0.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"SIM 3341"},{"id":311078,"rank":16,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3341/data/bathy/SIM3341_13mbathy.zip","text":"Bathymetry data and metadata","size":"2.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"SIM 3341"},{"id":311077,"rank":15,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3341/data/SIM3341_1m_contours.zip","text":"1-meter contour data and metadata","size":"0.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"SIM 3341"},{"id":311027,"rank":14,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3341/data/SIM3341_geologic_interp.zip","text":"Geologic interpretation data and metadata","size":"0.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"SIM 3341"},{"id":311026,"rank":13,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3341/downloads/sim3341_table4.xlsx","text":"Table 4 - Sediment sample grain-size analyses and assignment to geologic substrates","size":"136 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIM 3341"},{"id":311025,"rank":12,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3341/downloads/sim3341_mapG.pdf","text":"Map G - Distribution of substrate mud content","size":"1.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3341","linkHelpText":"(28” x 36”)"},{"id":311024,"rank":11,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3341/downloads/sim3341_mapF.pdf","text":"Map F - Distribution of fine- and coarse-grained sand","size":"1.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3341","linkHelpText":"(28” x 36”)"},{"id":311023,"rank":10,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3341/downloads/sim3341_mapE.pdf","text":"Map E - Sediment mobility","size":"1.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3341","linkHelpText":"(28” x 36”)"},{"id":311022,"rank":9,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3341/downloads/sim3341_mapD_sheet4.pdf","text":"Map D, Distribution of geologic substrates, Sheet 4 - Seabed geology and sun-illuminated topography","size":"4.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3341","linkHelpText":"(28” x 36”)"},{"id":311021,"rank":8,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3341/downloads/sim3341_mapD_sheet3.pdf","text":"Map D, Distribution of geologic substrates, Sheet 3 - Seabed geology and station data types","size":"1.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3341","linkHelpText":"(28” x 36”)"},{"id":311020,"rank":7,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3341/downloads/sim3341_mapD_sheet2.pdf","text":"Map D, Distribution of geologic substrates, Sheet 2 - Seabed geology and stations","size":"1.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3341","linkHelpText":"(28” x 38.5”)"},{"id":311019,"rank":6,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3341/downloads/sim3341_mapD_sheet1.pdf","text":"Map D, Distribution of geologic substrates, Sheet 1 - Seabed geology","size":"1.0 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3341","linkHelpText":"(28” x 36”)"},{"id":311017,"rank":5,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3341/downloads/sim3341_mapC.pdf","text":"Map C - Backscatter intensity and sun-illuminated topography","size":"3.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3341","linkHelpText":"(28” x 36”)"},{"id":311016,"rank":4,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3341/downloads/sim3341_mapB.pdf","text":"Map B - Seabed ruggedness","size":"1.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3341","linkHelpText":"(28” x 36”)"},{"id":311015,"rank":3,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3341/downloads/sim3341_mapA.pdf","text":"Map A - Sun-illuminated topography and boulder ridges","size":"4.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3341","linkHelpText":"(28” x 36”)"},{"id":502034,"rank":20,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sim3544","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 3544","linkHelpText":"- Seabed Maps Showing Topography, Ruggedness, Backscatter Intensity, Sediment Mobility, and the Distribution of Geologic Substrates in Quadrangle 3 of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary Region Offshore of Boston, Massachusetts"},{"id":465154,"rank":19,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sim3530","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 3530","linkHelpText":"- Seabed Maps Showing Topography, Ruggedness, Backscatter Intensity, Sediment Mobility, and the Distribution of Geologic Substrates in Quadrangle 2 of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary Region Offshore of Boston, Massachusetts"},{"id":311014,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3341/sim3341.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"6.79 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3341"},{"id":311013,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3341/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","city":"Boston","otherGeospatial":"Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.565185546875,\n 42.09822241118974\n ],\n [\n -70.565185546875,\n 42.64204079304428\n ],\n [\n -69.993896484375,\n 42.64204079304428\n ],\n [\n -69.993896484375,\n 42.09822241118974\n ],\n [\n -70.565185546875,\n 42.09822241118974\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program Coordinator
U.S. Geological Survey
13 National Center
Reston, VA 20192
http://marine.usgs.gov
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) analyzes mineral and metal supply chains to identify and describe major components of material flows from ore extraction, through intermediate forms, to a final product. Supply chain analyses may be used to identify risks to the United States associated with the supply of critical and strategic minerals and metals and to provide greater supply chain transparency so that policymakers have the fact-based information needed to formulate public policy. This fact sheet focuses on the gold supply chain.
\nThe USGS National Minerals Information Center (NMIC) has been asked by governmental and non-governmental organizations to provide information about tantalum, tin, tungsten, and gold (collectively known as “3TG minerals” ) processing facilities worldwide in response to U.S. legislation aimed at identifying and removing the supply chain links associated with the trade of these metals and minerals among armed groups in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and adjacent countries. Post-beneficiation processing plants (generally called smelters and refineries) for tantalum, tin, and tungsten (3T) mineral ores and concentrates were identified by company and industry association representatives as being the link in the 3T mineral supply chain through which these minerals can be traced to their source of origin (mine). Tungsten processing plants were the subject of the first fact sheet in a series of USGS reports about 3TG minerals, which was published by the NMIC in August 2014 (Bermúdez-Lugo, 2014). Background information about historical conditions and the voluntary due diligence of multinational stakeholders for minerals from conflict-affected and high-risk areas is presented in the tungsten fact sheet. The current fact sheet, the fourth and last in the series about 3TG minerals, focuses on the gold supply chain.
\nProcessing of the 3T mineral concentrates requires substantial infrastructure and capital and generally is done at relatively few specialized facilities that are not located at the mine site; primary and secondary processors typically are at separate locations. Gold, however, can easily be processed into semi-refined products at or near the mine site and has a high unit value in any form, which allows it to be readily exported through undocumented channels, making it more difficult to track to the mine or region of origin. To put this in perspective, 30 kilograms (66 pounds) of 83 percent pure gold (20 carat) would form a cube measuring 12 centimeters per side (about the size of a small tissue box) and, at a price of $1,200 per ounce, would be worth nearly $1 million. By contrast, the equivalent value of tungsten concentrates would weigh about 45 metric tons (t) (100,000 pounds). Once conflict sourced gold has been combined with gold from other mines and scrap at a refiner, there is no feasible way to distinguish the source of the gold. Thus, once the gold leaves the immediate area of production, it is nearly indistinguishable from gold products mined in other areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153075","usgsCitation":"George, M.W., 2015, Conflict minerals from the Democratic Republic of the Congo--Gold supply chain (ver. 1.1, December 10, 2015): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet, 4 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20153075.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068950","costCenters":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312105,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3075/versionHist.txt","description":"FS 2015-3075"},{"id":311131,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3075/fs20153075.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.93 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2015-3075"},{"id":311130,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3075/coverthb2.jpg"}],"country":"Democratic Republic of Congo","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[30.83386,3.50917],[30.77335,2.33988],[31.17415,2.20447],[30.85267,1.8494],[30.46851,1.58381],[30.08615,1.06231],[29.87578,0.59738],[29.8195,-0.20531],[29.58784,-0.58741],[29.57947,-1.34131],[29.29189,-1.62006],[29.25483,-2.21511],[29.11748,-2.29221],[29.02493,-2.83926],[29.27638,-3.29391],[29.34,-4.49998],[29.51999,-5.41998],[29.41999,-5.94],[29.62003,-6.52002],[30.2,-7.07998],[30.74002,-8.34001],[30.34609,-8.23826],[29.00291,-8.40703],[28.73487,-8.52656],[28.44987,-9.16492],[28.67368,-9.60592],[28.49607,-10.78988],[28.37225,-11.79365],[28.64242,-11.97157],[29.34155,-12.36074],[29.616,-12.17889],[29.69961,-13.25723],[28.93429,-13.24896],[28.52356,-12.6986],[28.15511,-12.27248],[27.3888,-12.13275],[27.16442,-11.60875],[26.55309,-11.92444],[25.75231,-11.78497],[25.41812,-11.33094],[24.78317,-11.23869],[24.31452,-11.26283],[24.25716,-10.95199],[23.91222,-10.92683],[23.45679,-10.86786],[22.83735,-11.01762],[22.4028,-10.99308],[22.15527,-11.0848],[22.20875,-9.8948],[21.87518,-9.52371],[21.8018,-8.90871],[21.94913,-8.3059],[21.74646,-7.92008],[21.72811,-7.29087],[20.51475,-7.29961],[20.60182,-6.93932],[20.09162,-6.94309],[20.03772,-7.11636],[19.4175,-7.15543],[19.16661,-7.73818],[19.01675,-7.98825],[18.46418,-7.84701],[18.13422,-7.98768],[17.47297,-8.06855],[17.09,-7.54569],[16.86019,-7.2223],[16.57318,-6.62264],[16.32653,-5.87747],[13.3756,-5.86424],[13.02487,-5.98439],[12.73517,-5.96568],[12.32243,-6.10009],[12.18234,-5.78993],[12.43669,-5.6843],[12.468,-5.24836],[12.63161,-4.99127],[12.99552,-4.7811],[13.25824,-4.88296],[13.60023,-4.50014],[14.14496,-4.51001],[14.20903,-4.79309],[14.5826,-4.97024],[15.17099,-4.34351],[15.75354,-3.85516],[16.00629,-3.53513],[15.9728,-2.71239],[16.40709,-1.74093],[16.86531,-1.22582],[17.52372,-0.74383],[17.63864,-0.42483],[17.66355,-0.05808],[17.82654,0.28892],[17.77419,0.85566],[17.89884,1.74183],[18.09428,2.36572],[18.39379,2.90044],[18.45307,3.50439],[18.54298,4.20179],[18.93231,4.70951],[19.46778,5.03153],[20.29068,4.69168],[20.92759,4.32279],[21.65912,4.22434],[22.40512,4.02916],[22.70412,4.63305],[22.84148,4.71013],[23.29721,4.60969],[24.41053,5.10878],[24.80503,4.89725],[25.12883,4.92724],[25.2788,5.17041],[25.65046,5.25609],[26.40276,5.15087],[27.04407,5.12785],[27.37423,5.23394],[27.97998,4.40841],[28.42899,4.28715],[28.69668,4.45508],[29.15908,4.38927],[29.716,4.6008],[29.9535,4.1737],[30.83386,3.50917]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Democratic Republic of the Congo\"}}]}","edition":"Originally posted November 10, 2015; Version 1.1: December 10, 2015","contact":"Director, National Minerals Information Center
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
988 National Center
Reston, VA 20192
Email: nmicrecordsmgt@usgs.gov
Or visit the USGS Minerals Information Web site at
http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/
Widespread bat fatalities at industrial wind turbines are a conservation issue with the potential to inhibit efficient use of an abundant source of energy. Bat fatalities can be reduced by altering turbine operations, but such curtailment decreases turbine efficiency. If additional ways of reducing bat fatalities at wind turbines were available such tradeoffs might not be needed. Based on the facts that bats perceive distant objects primarily through vision and can see in very dim lighting conditions, and the possibility that bats might interact with turbines after approaching them as they would trees, we propose a novel method of reducing bat activity at wind turbines: illumination of the structure with dim light. As a first step toward assessing this approach, we illuminated trees with dim flickering ultraviolet (UV) light in areas frequented by Hawaiian hoary bats Lasiurus cinereus semotus, an endangered subspecies affected by wind turbines. We used a repeated-measures design to quantify bat activity near trees with acoustic detectors and thermal video cameras in the presence and absence of UV illumination, while concurrently monitoring insect numbers. Results indicate that dim UV reduces bat activity despite an increase in insect numbers. Experimental treatment did not completely inhibit bat activity near trees, nor did all measures of bat activity show statistically significant differences due to high variance in bat activity among sites. However, the observed decreases in bat activity with dim UV illumination justify further testing of this method as a means to reduce bat fatalities at wind turbines.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter Research","doi":"10.3354/esr00694","usgsCitation":"Gorresen, P.M., Cryan, P.M., Dalton, D.C., Wolf, S., Johnson, J.A., Todd, C.M., and Bonaccorso, F.J., 2015, Dim ultraviolet light as a means of deterring activity by the Hawaiian hoary bat Lasiurus cinereus semotus: Endangered Species Research, v. 28, no. 3, p. 249-257, https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00694.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"249","endPage":"257","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2014-09-08","temporalEnd":"2014-10-16","ipdsId":"IP-066322","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471654,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00694","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311166,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","volume":"28","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56431532e4b0aafbcd017fa2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gorresen, P. Marcos mgorresen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorresen","given":"P.","email":"mgorresen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Marcos","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579228,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cryan, Paul M. 0000-0002-2915-8894 cryanp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2915-8894","contributorId":2356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cryan","given":"Paul","email":"cryanp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":547,"text":"Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dalton, David C.","contributorId":84674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalton","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wolf, Sandy","contributorId":147943,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolf","given":"Sandy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16960,"text":"Bat Research and Consulting","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Johnson, Jessica A.","contributorId":149712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":13351,"text":"University of Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Todd, Christopher M.","contributorId":64548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bonaccorso, Frank J. fbonaccorso@usgs.gov","contributorId":3088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonaccorso","given":"Frank","email":"fbonaccorso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":579227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70159527,"text":"70159527 - 2015 - Hybridization between Yellowstone cutthroat trout and rainbow trout alters the expression of muscle growth-related genes and their relationships with growth patterns","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-08T12:45:05","indexId":"70159527","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-10T15:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hybridization between Yellowstone cutthroat trout and rainbow trout alters the expression of muscle growth-related genes and their relationships with growth patterns","docAbstract":"Hybridization creates novel gene combinations that may generate important evolutionary novelty, but may also reduce existing adaptation by interrupting inherent biological processes, such as genotype-environment interactions. Hybridization often causes substantial change in patterns of gene expression, which, in turn, may cause phenotypic change. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and cutthroat trout (O. clarkii) produce viable hybrids in the wild, and introgressive hybridization with introduced rainbow trout is a major conservation concern for native cutthroat trout. The two species differ in body shape, which is likely an evolutionary adaptation to their native environments, and their hybrids tend to show intermediate morphology. The characterization of gene expression patterns may provide insights on the genetic basis of hybrid and parental morphologies, as well as on the ecological performance of hybrids in the wild. Here, we evaluated the expression of eight growth-related genes (MSTN-1a, MSTN-1b, MyoD1a, MyoD1b, MRF-4, IGF-1, IGF-2, and CAST-L) and the relationship of these genes with growth traits (length, weight, and condition factor) in six line crosses: both parental species, both reciprocal F1 hybrids, and both first-generation backcrosses (F1 x rainbow trout and F1 x cutthroat trout). Four of these genes were differentially expressed among rainbow, cutthroat, and their hybrids. Transcript abundance was significantly correlated with growth traits across the parent species, but not across hybrids. Our findings suggest that rainbow and cutthroat trout exhibit differences in muscle growth regulation, that transcriptional networks may be modified by hybridization, and that hybridization disrupts intrinsic relationships between gene expression and growth patterns that may be functionally important for phenotypic adaptations.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS ONE","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0141373","usgsCitation":"Ostberg, C.O., Chase, D.M., and Hauser, L., 2015, Hybridization between Yellowstone cutthroat trout and rainbow trout alters the expression of muscle growth-related genes and their relationships with growth patterns: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 10, e0141373; 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141373.","productDescription":"e0141373; 16 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065795","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471655,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141373","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311167,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56431533e4b0aafbcd017fac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ostberg, Carl O. 0000-0003-1479-8458 costberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1479-8458","contributorId":3031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ostberg","given":"Carl","email":"costberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chase, Dorothy M. dchase@usgs.gov","contributorId":4786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chase","given":"Dorothy","email":"dchase@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":579395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hauser, Lorenz","contributorId":62510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hauser","given":"Lorenz","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70159525,"text":"70159525 - 2015 - Potential estrogenic effects of wastewaters on gene expression in Pimephales promelas and fish assemblages in streams of southeastern New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:37:29","indexId":"70159525","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-10T14:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential estrogenic effects of wastewaters on gene expression in Pimephales promelas and fish assemblages in streams of southeastern New York","docAbstract":"Direct linkages between endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) from municipal and industrial wastewaters and impacts on wild fish assemblages are rare. The levels of plasma vitellogenin (Vtg) and Vtg messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) in male fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) exposed to wastewater effluents and dilutions of 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), estrogen activity, and fish assemblages in 10 receiving streams were assessed to improve understanding of important interrelations. Results from 4-d laboratory assays indicate that EE2, plasma Vtg concentration, and Vtg gene expression in fathead minnows, and 17β-estradiol equivalents (E2Eq values) were highly related to each other (R2 = 0.98–1.00). Concentrations of E2Eq in most effluents did not exceed 2.0 ng/L, which was possibly a short-term exposure threshold for Vtg gene expression in male fathead minnows. Plasma Vtg in fathead minnows only increased significantly (up to 1136 μg/mL) in 2 wastewater effluents. Fish assemblages were generally unaffected at 8 of 10 study sites, yet the density and biomass of 79% to 89% of species populations were reduced (63–68% were reduced significantly) in the downstream reach of 1 receiving stream. These results, and moderate to high E2Eq concentrations (up to 16.1 ng/L) observed in effluents during a companion study, suggest that estrogenic wastewaters can potentially affect individual fish, their populations, and entire fish communities in comparable systems across New York, USA.
","language":"English","publisher":"SETAC Press","doi":"10.1002/etc.3120","usgsCitation":"Baldigo, B.P., George, S.D., Phillips, P., Hemming, J.D., Denslow, N., and Kroll, K.J., 2015, Potential estrogenic effects of wastewaters on gene expression in Pimephales promelas and fish assemblages in streams of southeastern New York: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 34, no. 12, p. 2803-2815, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3120.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"2803","endPage":"2815","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043001","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471656,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3120","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311165,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.8336181640625,\n 41.25406487942273\n ],\n [\n -73.8336181640625,\n 41.53119809844284\n ],\n [\n -73.56170654296875,\n 41.53119809844284\n ],\n [\n -73.56170654296875,\n 41.25406487942273\n ],\n [\n -73.8336181640625,\n 41.25406487942273\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.267333984375,\n 42.037054301883806\n ],\n [\n -75.267333984375,\n 42.42142901536395\n ],\n [\n -74.14398193359375,\n 42.42142901536395\n ],\n [\n -74.14398193359375,\n 42.037054301883806\n ],\n [\n -75.267333984375,\n 42.037054301883806\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56431535e4b0aafbcd017fb4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baldigo, Barry P. 0000-0002-9862-9119 bbaldigo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-9119","contributorId":1234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baldigo","given":"Barry","email":"bbaldigo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"George, Scott D. 0000-0002-8197-1866 sgeorge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8197-1866","contributorId":3014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"George","given":"Scott","email":"sgeorge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Phillips, Patrick J. pjphilli@usgs.gov","contributorId":149753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Patrick J.","email":"pjphilli@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":579383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hemming, Joceyln D. C.","contributorId":149754,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hemming","given":"Joceyln","email":"","middleInitial":"D. C.","affiliations":[{"id":17815,"text":"Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Denslow, Nancy D.","contributorId":72831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Denslow","given":"Nancy D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kroll, Kevin J.","contributorId":82051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kroll","given":"Kevin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70162025,"text":"70162025 - 2015 - Agencies collaborate, develop a cyanobacteria assessment network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-10T09:56:46","indexId":"70162025","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-10T14:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3879,"text":"Eos, Earth and Space Science News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Agencies collaborate, develop a cyanobacteria assessment network","docAbstract":"Cyanobacteria are a genetically diverse group of photosynthetic microorganisms that occupy a broad range of habitats on land and water all over the world. They release toxins that can cause lung and skin irritation, alter the taste and odor of potable water, and cause human and animal illness. Cyanobacteria blooms occur worldwide, and climate change may increase the frequency, duration, and extent of these bloom events.
\nRapid detection of potentially harmful blooms is essential to protect humans and animals from exposure. Information about potential for exposure, such as bloom duration, frequency, and extent, is especially critical for developing environmental management decisions during periods of limited resources and funding.
\nThe National Research Council (NRC) report Exposure Science in the 21st Century suggested that effectively assessing and mitigating exposures requires techniques for rapid measurement of a stressor, such as an algal bloom, across diverse geographic, temporal, and biologic scales (e.g., various bloom concentrations) and an enhanced infrastructure to address threats [NRC, 2012]. The report specifically calls for approaches that use diverse information, such as satellite remote sensing, to identify and understand exposures that may pose a threat to ecosystems or human health.
\nA collaborative effort integrates the work of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), NASA, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to provide an approach for using satellite ocean color capabilities in U.S. fresh and brackish water quality management decisions. The overarching goal of this collaborative project is to detect and quantify cyanobacteria blooms using satellite data records in order to support the environmental management and public use of U.S. lakes and reservoirs.
\nSatellite remote sensing tools may enable policy makers and environmental managers to assess the sustainability of watershed ecosystems and the services they provide, now and in the future. Satellite technology allows us to develop early-warning indicators of cyanobacteria blooms at the local scale while maintaining continuous national coverage.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2015EO038809","usgsCitation":"Schaeffer, B., Loftin, K.A., Stumpf, R., and Werdell, P., 2015, Agencies collaborate, develop a cyanobacteria assessment network: Eos, Earth and Space Science News, v. 96, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.1029/2015EO038809.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063681","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471657,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2015eo038809","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":314537,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a0bdc5e4b0961cf280dc0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schaeffer, Blake A.","contributorId":152172,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schaeffer","given":"Blake A.","affiliations":[{"id":6784,"text":"US EPA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":588361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loftin, Keith A. 0000-0001-5291-876X kloftin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5291-876X","contributorId":868,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loftin","given":"Keith","email":"kloftin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stumpf, Richard P.","contributorId":7739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stumpf","given":"Richard P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Werdell, P. Jeremy","contributorId":152173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Werdell","given":"P. Jeremy","affiliations":[{"id":7049,"text":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":588363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159497,"text":"70159497 - 2015 - Conservation planning for offsetting the impacts of development: a case study of biodiversity and renewable energy in the Mojave Desert","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-10T13:07:21","indexId":"70159497","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-10T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Conservation planning for offsetting the impacts of development: a case study of biodiversity and renewable energy in the Mojave Desert","docAbstract":"Balancing society’s competing needs of development and conservation requires careful consideration of tradeoffs. Renewable energy development and biodiversity conservation are often considered beneficial environmental goals. The direct footprint and disturbance of renewable energy, however, can displace species’ habitat and negatively impact populations and natural communities if sited without ecological consideration. Offsets have emerged as a potentially useful tool to mitigate residual impacts after trying to avoid, minimize, or restore affected sites. Yet the problem of efficiently designing a set of offset sites becomes increasingly complex where many species or many sites are involved. Spatial conservation prioritization tools are designed to handle this problem, but have seen little application to offset siting and analysis. To address this need we designed an offset siting support tool for the Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan (DRECP) of California, and present a case study of hypothetical impacts from solar development in the Western Mojave subsection. We compare two offset scenarios designed to mitigate a hypothetical 15,331 ha derived from proposed utility-scale solar energy development (USSED) projects. The first scenario prioritizes offsets based precisely on impacted features, while the second scenario offsets impacts to maximize biodiversity conservation gains in the region. The two methods only agree on 28% of their prioritized sites and differ in meeting species-specific offset goals. Differences between the two scenarios highlight the importance of clearly specifying choices and priorities for offset siting and mitigation in general. Similarly, the effects of background climate and land use change may lessen the durability or effectiveness of offsets if not considered. Our offset siting support tool was designed specifically for the DRECP area, but with minor code modification could work well in other offset analyses, and could provide continuing support for a potentially innovative mitigation solution to environmental impacts.
","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLOS)","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0140226","usgsCitation":"Kreitler, J.R., Schloss, C.A., Soong, O., Hannah, L., and Davis, F., 2015, Conservation planning for offsetting the impacts of development: a case study of biodiversity and renewable energy in the Mojave Desert: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 11, e0140226; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0140226.","productDescription":"e0140226; 15 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058617","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471658,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0140226","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311163,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.03759765625,\n 32.62087018318113\n ],\n [\n -116.488037109375,\n 33.26624989076275\n ],\n [\n -115.697021484375,\n 33.8339199536547\n ],\n [\n -117.454833984375,\n 34.31621838080741\n ],\n [\n -118.817138671875,\n 34.8047829195724\n ],\n [\n -117.88330078125,\n 35.69299463209881\n ],\n [\n -118.38867187500001,\n 37.212831514455964\n ],\n [\n -117.960205078125,\n 37.54457732085582\n ],\n [\n -114.63134765625001,\n 35.02099970111467\n ],\n [\n -114.12597656249999,\n 34.32529192442733\n ],\n [\n -114.58740234375,\n 33.44977658311846\n ],\n [\n -114.664306640625,\n 33.03629817885956\n ],\n [\n -114.488525390625,\n 33.02708758002874\n ],\n [\n -114.488525390625,\n 32.79651010951669\n ],\n [\n -114.67529296874999,\n 32.694865977875075\n ],\n [\n -116.03759765625,\n 32.62087018318113\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56431532e4b0aafbcd017f9e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kreitler, Jason R. 0000-0002-0243-5281 jkreitler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0243-5281","contributorId":4050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kreitler","given":"Jason","email":"jkreitler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schloss, Carrie A.","contributorId":149713,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schloss","given":"Carrie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17788,"text":"The Nature Conservancy of California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Soong, Oliver","contributorId":147794,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Soong","given":"Oliver","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16936,"text":"University of California Santa Barbara","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hannah, Lee","contributorId":149715,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hannah","given":"Lee","affiliations":[{"id":16938,"text":"Conservation International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Davis, Frank W.","contributorId":36894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Frank W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70155507,"text":"ofr20151139 - 2015 - Hydraulic laboratory testing of Sontek-IQ Plus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-10T13:12:47","indexId":"ofr20151139","displayToPublicDate":"2015-11-10T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1139","title":"Hydraulic laboratory testing of Sontek-IQ Plus","docAbstract":"The SonTek-IQ Plus (IQ Plus) is a bottom-mounted Doppler instrument used for the measurement of water depth and velocity. Evaluation testing of the IQ Plus was performed to assess the accuracy of water depth, discharge, and velocity measurements. The IQ Plus met the manufacturer’s specifications and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) standard for depth accuracy measurement when the unit was installed, according to the manufacturer’s instructions, at 0 degrees pitch and roll. However, because of the limited depth testing conducted, the depth measurement is not recommended as a primary stage measurement. The IQ Plus was tested in a large indoor tilting flume in a 5-foot (ft) wide, approximately 2.3-ft deep section with mean velocities of 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 ft per second. Four IQ Plus instruments using firmware 1.52 tested for water-discharge accuracy using SonTek’s “theoretical” discharge method had a negative bias of -2.4 to -11.6 percent when compared with discharge measured with a SonTek FlowTracker and the midsection discharge method. The IQ Pluses with firmware 1.52 did not meet the manufacturer’s specification of +/-1 percent for measuring velocity. Three IQ Pluses using firmware 1.60 and SonTek’s “theoretical” method had a difference of -1.6 to -7.9 percent when compared with discharge measured with a SonTek FlowTracker and the midsection method. Mean-velocity measurements with firmware 1.60 met the manufacturer’s specification and Price Type AA meter accuracy requirements when compared with FlowTracker measurements. Because of the instrument’s velocity accuracy, the SonTek-IQ Plus with firmware 1.60 is considered acceptable for use as an index velocity instrument for the USGS. The discharge computed by the SonTek-IQ Plus during the tests had a substantial negative bias and will not be as accurate as a discharge computed with the index velocity method. The USGS does not recommend the use of undocumented computation methods, such as SonTek’s “theoretical” method for computing discharge.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151139","usgsCitation":"Fulford, J.M., and Kimball, Scott, 2015, Hydraulic laboratory testing of SonTek-IQ Plus: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1139, 16 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151139.","productDescription":"vi, 16 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065363","costCenters":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311142,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1139/ofr20151139.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.09 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1139"},{"id":311141,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1139/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Chief, Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility
U.S. Geological Survey
Building 2101
Stennis Space Center, MS 39529
http://water.usgs.gov/hif/
In a study conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, water samples were collected from 4 production wells and 4 domestic wells in the Chemung River Basin, 8 production wells and 7 domestic wells in the Eastern Lake Ontario Basin, and 12 production wells and 13 domestic wells in the Lower Hudson River Basin (south of the Federal Lock and Dam at Troy) in New York. All samples were collected in June, July, and August 2013 to characterize groundwater quality in these basins. The samples were collected and processed using standard USGS procedures and were analyzed for 148 physiochemical properties and constituents, including dissolved gases, major ions, nutrients, trace elements, pesticides, volatile organic compounds, radionuclides, and indicator bacteria.
\nThe Chemung River Basin study area covers 1,744 square miles in south-central New York and encompasses the part of the Chemung River Basin that lies within New York. Two of the wells sampled in the Chemung River Basin are completed in sand and gravel, and 6 are completed in bedrock. Groundwater in the Chemung River Basin was generally of good quality, although properties and concentrations of some constituents—sodium, arsenic, aluminum, iron, manganese, radon-222, total coliform bacteria, and Escherichia coli bacteria—equaled or exceeded primary, secondary, or proposed drinking-water standards. The constituent most frequently detected in concentrations exceeding drinking-water standards (six of eight samples) was radon-222.
\nThe Eastern Lake Ontario Basin study area covers 3,225 square miles in north-central New York. The Eastern Lake Ontario Basin (between the Oswego River Basin and the St. Lawrence River Basin) includes the Mid-Northern Lake Ontario Basin, the Black River Basin, and the Chaumont River-Perch River Basin. Five of the wells sampled in the Eastern Lake Ontario Basin are completed in sand and gravel, and 10 are completed in bedrock. Groundwater in the Eastern Lake Ontario Basin was generally of good quality, although properties and concentrations of some constituents—color, pH, sodium, dissolved solids, fluoride, iron, manganese, uranium, gross-α radioactivity, radon-222, total coliform bacteria, and fecal coliform bacteria—equaled or exceeded primary, secondary, or proposed drinking-water standards. The constituent most frequently detected in concentrations exceeding drinking-water standards (10 of 15 samples) was radon-222.
\nThe Lower Hudson River Basin study area covers 5,607 square miles and encompasses the part of the Lower Hudson River Basin that lies within New York plus the parts of the Housatonic, Hackensack, Bronx, and Saugatuck River Basins that are in New York. Twelve of the wells sampled in the Lower Hudson River Basin are completed in sand-and-gravel deposits, and 13 are completed in bedrock. Groundwater in the Lower Hudson River Basin was generally of good quality, although properties and concentrations of some constituents—pH, sodium, chloride, dissolved solids, arsenic, aluminum, iron, manganese, radon-222, total coliform bacteria, fecal coliform bacteria, Escherichia coli bacteria, and heterotrophic plate count—equaled or exceeded primary, secondary, or proposed drinking-water standards. The constituent most frequently detected in concentrations exceeding drinking-water standards (20 of 25 samples) was radon-222.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151168","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","usgsCitation":"Scott, T.-M., Nystrom, E.A., and Reddy, J.E., 2015, Groundwater quality in the Chemung River, eastern Lake Ontario, and lower Hudson River Basins, New York, 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1168, 41 p., appendixes, https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151168.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 39 p.; Appendixes: 1-2","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","temporalStart":"2013-01-01","temporalEnd":"2013-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-061358","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310960,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1168/ofr20151168.pdf","text":"Report","size":"15.1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1168"},{"id":310961,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1168/appendix/ofr20151168_appendix1.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1","size":"113 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"OFR 2015-1168","linkHelpText":"Results of Water-Sample Analyses, 2013"},{"id":310962,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1168/appendix/ofr20151168_appendix2.xlsx","text":"Appendix 2","size":"58.5 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"OFR 2015-1168","linkHelpText":"Results of Water-Sample Analyses, 2008 and 2013"},{"id":310959,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1168/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Chemung River Basin, Eastern Lake Ontario Basin, Lower Hudson River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.6845703125,\n 43.30119623257966\n ],\n [\n -76.6845703125,\n 44.41024041296011\n ],\n [\n -73.76220703125,\n 44.41024041296011\n ],\n [\n -73.76220703125,\n 43.30119623257966\n ],\n [\n -76.6845703125,\n 43.30119623257966\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.7227783203125,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -77.7227783203125,\n 42.44778143462245\n ],\n [\n -76.4263916015625,\n 42.44778143462245\n ],\n [\n -76.4263916015625,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -77.7227783203125,\n 42.00032514831621\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.817138671875,\n 40.81796653313175\n ],\n [\n -73.641357421875,\n 41.0130657870063\n ],\n [\n -73.7127685546875,\n 41.10005163093046\n ],\n [\n -73.4600830078125,\n 41.20758898181025\n ],\n [\n -73.5479736328125,\n 41.29844430929419\n ],\n [\n -73.27880859375,\n 42.742978093466434\n ],\n [\n -74.2291259765625,\n 42.90011265525328\n ],\n [\n -74.72351074218749,\n 41.364441530542244\n ],\n [\n -73.916015625,\n 41.000629848685385\n ],\n [\n -74.036865234375,\n 40.713955826286046\n ],\n [\n -73.817138671875,\n 40.81796653313175\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Road
Troy, NY 12180-8349
Information requests:
(518) 285-5602
or visit our Web site at:
http://ny.water.usgs.gov
Effective population size (Ne) is a key parameter for monitoring the genetic health of threatened populations because it reflects a population's evolutionary potential and risk of extinction due to genetic stochasticity. However, its application to wildlife monitoring has been limited because it is difficult to measure in natural populations. The isolated and well-studied population of grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem provides a rare opportunity to examine the usefulness of different Ne estimators for monitoring. We genotyped 729 Yellowstone grizzly bears using 20 microsatellites and applied three single-sample estimators to examine contemporary trends in generation interval (GI), effective number of breeders (Nb) and Ne during 1982–2007. We also used multisample methods to estimate variance (NeV) and inbreeding Ne (NeI). Single-sample estimates revealed positive trajectories, with over a fourfold increase in Ne (≈100 to 450) and near doubling of the GI (≈8 to 14) from the 1980s to 2000s. NeV (240–319) and NeI (256) were comparable with the harmonic mean single-sample Ne (213) over the time period. Reanalysing historical data, we found NeV increased from ≈80 in the 1910s–1960s to ≈280 in the contemporary population. The estimated ratio of effective to total census size (Ne/Nc) was stable and high (0.42–0.66) compared to previous brown bear studies. These results support independent demographic evidence for Yellowstone grizzly bear population growth since the 1980s. They further demonstrate how genetic monitoring of Ne can complement demographic-based monitoring of Nc and vital rates, providing a valuable tool for wildlife managers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","doi":"10.1111/mec.13398","collaboration":"Prepared in collaboration with U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Kamath, P.L., Haroldson, M.A., Luikart, G., Paetkau, D., Whitman, C., and van Manen, F.T., 2015, Multiple estimates of effective population size for monitoring a long-lived vertebrate: An application to Yellowstone grizzly bears: Molecular Ecology, v. 24, no. 22, p. 5507-5521, https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13398.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"5507","endPage":"5521","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066690","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311150,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Grand Teton National Park, Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.181396484375,\n 42.44778143462245\n ],\n [\n -112.181396484375,\n 45.69083283645816\n ],\n [\n -108.62182617187499,\n 45.69083283645816\n ],\n [\n -108.62182617187499,\n 42.44778143462245\n ],\n [\n -112.181396484375,\n 42.44778143462245\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"22","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56431534e4b0aafbcd017fb2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kamath, Pauline L. pkamath@usgs.gov","contributorId":4517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kamath","given":"Pauline","email":"pkamath@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haroldson, Mark A. 0000-0002-7457-7676 mharoldson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7457-7676","contributorId":1773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haroldson","given":"Mark","email":"mharoldson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luikart, Gordon","contributorId":97409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luikart","given":"Gordon","affiliations":[{"id":6580,"text":"University of Montana, Flathead Lake Biological Station, Polson, Montana 59860, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Paetkau, David","contributorId":97712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paetkau","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Whitman, Craig L. cwhitman@usgs.gov","contributorId":4313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitman","given":"Craig L.","email":"cwhitman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"van Manen, Frank T. 0000-0001-5340-8489 fvanmanen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5340-8489","contributorId":2267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Manen","given":"Frank","email":"fvanmanen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ]}