{"pageNumber":"121","pageRowStart":"3000","pageSize":"25","recordCount":11370,"records":[{"id":70036841,"text":"70036841 - 2011 - Spatial variability of biotic and abiotic tree establishment constraints across a treeline ecotone in the Alaska Range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-18T18:49:49.518611","indexId":"70036841","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial variability of biotic and abiotic tree establishment constraints across a treeline ecotone in the Alaska Range","docAbstract":"<p>Throughout interior Alaska (USA), a gradual warming trend in mean monthly temperatures occurred over the last few decades (∼∼2-–4°°C). The accompanying increases in woody vegetation at many alpine treeline (hereafter treeline) locations provided an opportunity to examine how biotic and abiotic local site conditions interact to control tree establishment patterns during warming. We devised a landscape ecological approach to investigate these relationships at an undisturbed treeline in the Alaska Range. We identified treeline changes between 1953 (aerial photography) and 2005 (satellite imagery) in a geographic information system (GIS) and linked them with corresponding local site conditions derived from digital terrain data, ancillary climate data, and distance to 1953 trees. Logistic regressions enabled us to rank the importance of local site conditions in controlling tree establishment. We discovered a spatial transition in the importance of tree establishment controls. The biotic variable (proximity to 1953 trees) was the most important tree establishment predictor below the upper tree limit, providing evidence of response lags with the abiotic setting and suggesting that tree establishment is rarely in equilibrium with the physical environment or responding directly to warming. Elevation and winter sun exposure were important predictors of tree establishment at the upper tree limit, but proximity to trees persisted as an important tertiary predictor, indicating that tree establishment may achieve equilibrium with the physical environment. However, even here, influences from the biotic variable may obscure unequivocal correlations with the abiotic setting (including temperature). Future treeline expansion will likely be patchy and challenging to predict without considering the spatial variability of influences from biotic and abiotic local site conditions.</p>","largerWorkTitle":"Ecology","language":"English","doi":"10.1890/09-1725.1","issn":"00129658","usgsCitation":"Stueve, K., Isaacs, R., Tyrrell, L., and Densmore, R., 2011, Spatial variability of biotic and abiotic tree establishment constraints across a treeline ecotone in the Alaska Range: Ecology, v. 92, no. 2, p. 496-506, https://doi.org/10.1890/09-1725.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"496","endPage":"506","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245831,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217859,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/09-1725.1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Denali National Park and Preserve","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -149.78759765625,\n              62.75472592723178\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.765869140625,\n              63.27812271092345\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.68347167968747,\n              63.70715578169752\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.9306640625,\n              64.19681461100495\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.00732421875,\n              64.65211223878967\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.34716796875,\n              63.95667333648766\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.45703125,\n              63.05495931065107\n            ],\n            [\n              -153.5009765625,\n              62.34960927573042\n            ],\n            [\n              -152.0947265625,\n              62.2679226294176\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.1279296875,\n              62.57310578449978\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.78759765625,\n              62.75472592723178\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"92","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b94b2e4b08c986b31abf7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stueve, K.M.","contributorId":11860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stueve","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Isaacs, R.E.","contributorId":40833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isaacs","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tyrrell, L.E.","contributorId":41265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tyrrell","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Densmore, R.V.","contributorId":72953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Densmore","given":"R.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":458107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036699,"text":"70036699 - 2011 - Mark-recapture using tetracycline and genetics reveal record-high bear density","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-23T18:52:59.201999","indexId":"70036699","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mark-recapture using tetracycline and genetics reveal record-high bear density","docAbstract":"<p>We used tetracycline biomarking, augmented with genetic methods to estimate the size of an American black bear (Ursus americanus) population on an island in Southeast Alaska. We marked 132 and 189 bears that consumed remote, tetracycline-laced baits in 2 different years, respectively, and observed 39 marks in 692 bone samples subsequently collected from hunters. We genetically analyzed hair samples from bait sites to determine the sex of marked bears, facilitating derivation of sex-specific population estimates. We obtained harvest samples from beyond the study area to correct for emigration. We estimated a density of 155 independent bears/100 km2 , which is equivalent to the highest recorded for this species. This high density appears to be maintained by abundant, accessible natural food. Our population estimate (approx. 1,000 bears) could be used as a baseline and to set hunting quotas. The refined biomarking method for abundance estimation is a useful alternative where physical captures or DNA-based estimates are precluded by cost or logistics</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.171","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Peacock, E.L., Titus, K., Garshelis, D., Peacock, M.M., and Kuc, M., 2011, Mark-recapture using tetracycline and genetics reveal record-high bear density: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 75, no. 6, p. 1513-1520, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.171.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1513","endPage":"1520","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245484,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Kuiu Island and Kupreanof Island in the Alexander Archipelago of Southeast Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -135.52734375,\n              55.61558902526749\n            ],\n            [\n              -133.30810546875,\n              55.61558902526749\n            ],\n            [\n              -133.30810546875,\n              57.016814017391106\n            ],\n            [\n              -135.52734375,\n              57.016814017391106\n            ],\n            [\n              -135.52734375,\n              55.61558902526749\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"75","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-07-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a51fce4b0c8380cd6c095","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peacock, Elizabeth L. 0000-0001-7279-0329 lpeacock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7279-0329","contributorId":3361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peacock","given":"Elizabeth","email":"lpeacock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":457421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Titus, Kimberly","contributorId":149923,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Titus","given":"Kimberly","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":457425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garshelis, David L.","contributorId":89457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garshelis","given":"David L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peacock, Mary M.","contributorId":167605,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peacock","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24774,"text":"Department of Natural Resources, College of Agriculture and Life","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":457422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kuc, Miroslaw","contributorId":11573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuc","given":"Miroslaw","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":457424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036580,"text":"70036580 - 2011 - Pore fluid geochemistry from the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-29T20:00:43.658435","indexId":"70036580","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pore fluid geochemistry from the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope","docAbstract":"<p><span>The BPXA-DOE-USGS Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well was drilled and cored from 606.5 to 760.1</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>m on the North Slope of Alaska, to evaluate the occurrence, distribution and formation of gas hydrate in sediments below the base of the ice-bearing permafrost. Both the dissolved chloride and the isotopic composition of the water co-vary in the gas hydrate-bearing zones, consistent with gas hydrate dissociation during core recovery, and they provide independent indicators to constrain the zone of gas hydrate occurrence. Analyses of chloride and water isotope data indicate that an observed increase in salinity towards the top of the cored section reflects the presence of residual fluids from ion exclusion during ice formation at the base of the permafrost layer. These salinity changes are the main factor controlling major and minor ion distributions in the Mount Elbert Well. The resulting background chloride can be simulated with a one-dimensional diffusion model, and the results suggest that the ion exclusion at the top of the cored section reflects deepening of the permafrost layer following the last glaciation (∼100</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>kyr), consistent with published thermal models. Gas hydrate saturation values estimated from dissolved chloride agree with estimates based on logging data when the gas hydrate occupies more than 20% of the pore space; the correlation is less robust at lower saturation values. The highest gas hydrate concentrations at the Mount Elbert Well are clearly associated with coarse-grained sedimentary sections, as expected from theoretical calculations and field observations in marine and other arctic sediment cores.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.10.001","issn":"02648172","usgsCitation":"Torres, M., Collett, T.S., Rose, K., Sample, J., Agena, W.F., and Rosenbaum, E., 2011, Pore fluid geochemistry from the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 28, no. 2, p. 332-342, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.10.001.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"332","endPage":"342","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":245539,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":217586,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.10.001"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"North Slope","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -167.6953125,\n              67.64267630796034\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.44921875,\n              67.64267630796034\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.44921875,\n              71.91088787611527\n            ],\n            [\n              -167.6953125,\n              71.91088787611527\n            ],\n            [\n              -167.6953125,\n              67.64267630796034\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7dc8e4b0c8380cd7a15d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Torres, M.E.","contributorId":58443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torres","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rose, K.K.","contributorId":102306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"K.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sample, J.C.","contributorId":50006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sample","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Agena, Warren F. wagena@usgs.gov","contributorId":3181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agena","given":"Warren","email":"wagena@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rosenbaum, E.J.","contributorId":37575,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenbaum","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70036550,"text":"70036550 - 2011 - Assessment of clinical pathology and pathogen exposure in sea otters (Enhydra lutris) bordering the threatened population in Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-04T16:16:06","indexId":"70036550","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Assessment of clinical pathology and pathogen exposure in sea otters (<i>Enhydra lutris</i>) bordering the threatened population in Alaska","title":"Assessment of clinical pathology and pathogen exposure in sea otters (Enhydra lutris) bordering the threatened population in Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>Northern sea otter (</span><i>Enhydra lutris kenyoni</i><span>) abundance has decreased dramatically over portions of southwest Alaska, USA, since the mid-1980s, and this stock is currently listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act. In contrast, adjacent populations in south central Alaska, USA, and Russia have been stable to increasing during the same period. Sea otters bordering the area classified in the recent decline were live-captured during 2004–2006 at Bering Island, Russia, and the Kodiak Archipelago, Alaska, USA, to evaluate differences in general health and current exposure status to marine and terrestrial pathogens. Although body condition was lower in animals captured at Bering Island, Russia, than it was at Kodiak, USA, clinical pathology values did not reveal differences in general health between the two regions. Low prevalences of antibodies (&gt;5%) were found in Kodiak, USA, and on Bering Island, Russia, to<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Toxoplasma gondii</i><span>,<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Sarcocystis neurona</i><span>, and<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Leptospira interrogans</i><span>. Exposure to phocine herpesvirus-1 was found in both Kodiak, USA (15.2%), and Bering Island, Russia (2.3%). Antibodies to<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Brucella</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>spp. were found in 28% of the otters tested on Bering Island, Russia, compared with only 2.7% of the samples from Kodiak, USA. Prevalence of exposure to<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>Phocine distemper virus</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(PDV) was 41% in Kodiak, USA, but 0% on Bering Island, Russia. Archived sera from southwest and south-central Alaska dating back to 1989 were negative for PDV, indicating exposure occurred in sea otters in Kodiak, USA, in recent years. Because PDV can be highly pathogenic in naïve and susceptible marine mammal populations, tissues should be examined to explore the contribution of this virus to otter deaths. Our results reveal an increase in exposure to pathogens in sea otters in Kodiak, Alaska, USA, since the 1990s.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-47.3.579","usgsCitation":"Goldstein, T., Gill, V., Tuomi, P.A., Monson, D., Burdin, A., Conrad, P.A., Dunn, J.L., Field, C.L., Johnson, C., Jessup, D.A., Bodkin, J.L., and Doroff, A.M., 2011, Assessment of clinical pathology and pathogen exposure in sea otters (Enhydra lutris) bordering the threatened population in Alaska: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 47, no. 3, p. 579-592, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-47.3.579.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"579","endPage":"592","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":245626,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee26e4b0c8380cd49bbf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldstein, Tracey","contributorId":104355,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goldstein","given":"Tracey","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gill, Verena A.","contributorId":140658,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gill","given":"Verena A.","affiliations":[{"id":6678,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":456689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tuomi, Pamela A.","contributorId":66900,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tuomi","given":"Pamela","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Monson, Daniel H. 0000-0002-4593-5673 dmonson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-5673","contributorId":140480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monson","given":"Daniel H.","email":"dmonson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":456695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burdin, Alexander","contributorId":146169,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burdin","given":"Alexander","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Conrad, Patricia A.","contributorId":181937,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conrad","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Dunn, J. Lawrence","contributorId":172856,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunn","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Lawrence","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Field, Cara L.","contributorId":18694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"Cara","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Johnson, Christine K.","contributorId":23771,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Christine K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":456696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Jessup, David A.","contributorId":96226,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jessup","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6952,"text":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":456699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Bodkin, James L. 0000-0003-1641-4438 jbodkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-4438","contributorId":748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodkin","given":"James","email":"jbodkin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":456697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Doroff, Angela M.","contributorId":140660,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doroff","given":"Angela","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":456698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70036406,"text":"70036406 - 2011 - Sea ice loss enhances wave action at the Arctic coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-13T16:27:04.817748","indexId":"70036406","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sea ice loss enhances wave action at the Arctic coast","docAbstract":"<p><span>Erosion rates of permafrost coasts along the Beaufort Sea accelerated over the past 50 years synchronously with Arctic‐wide declines in sea ice extent, suggesting a causal relationship between the two. A fetch‐limited wave model driven by sea ice position and local wind data from northern Alaska indicates that the exposure of permafrost bluffs to seawater increased by a factor of 2.5 during 1979–2009. The duration of the open water season expanded from ∼45 days to ∼95 days. Open water expanded more rapidly toward the fall (∼0.92 day yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>), when sea surface temperatures are cooler, than into the mid‐summer (∼0.71 days yr</span><sup>−1</sup><span>).Time‐lapse imagery demonstrates the relatively efficient erosive action of a single storm in August. Sea surface temperatures have already decreased significantly by fall, reducing the potential impact of thermal erosion due to fall season storm waves.</span></p>","largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2011GL048681","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Overeem, I., Anderson, R., Wobus, C., Clow, G.D., Urban, F.E., and Matell, N., 2011, Sea ice loss enhances wave action at the Arctic coast: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 38, no. 17, L17503, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL048681.","productDescription":"L17503, 6 p.","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487170,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011gl048681","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246129,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218144,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GL048681"}],"volume":"38","issue":"17","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-09-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b87d8e4b08c986b3166af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Overeem, I.","contributorId":92087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Overeem","given":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, R. Scott","contributorId":6983,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"R. Scott","affiliations":[{"id":7034,"text":"School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability at Northern Arizona University, in Flagstaff","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":455969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wobus, C.W.","contributorId":82834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wobus","given":"C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clow, Gary D. 0000-0002-2262-3853 clow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2262-3853","contributorId":2066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"Gary","email":"clow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":455971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Urban, Frank E. 0000-0002-1329-1703 furban@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1329-1703","contributorId":3129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Urban","given":"Frank","email":"furban@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":455970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Matell, N.","contributorId":89751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matell","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70036404,"text":"70036404 - 2011 - Three-dimensional model of an ultramafic feeder system to the Nikolai Greenstone mafic large igneous province, central Alaska Range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-13T16:37:43.695197","indexId":"70036404","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1757,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Three-dimensional model of an ultramafic feeder system to the Nikolai Greenstone mafic large igneous province, central Alaska Range","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Amphitheater Mountains and southern central Alaska Range expose a thick sequence of Triassic Nikolai basalts that is underlain by several mafic‐ultramafic complexes, the largest and best exposed being the Fish Lake and Tangle (FL‐T) mafic‐ultramafic sills that flank the Amphitheater Mountains synform. Three‐dimensional (3‐D) modeling of gravity and magnetic data reveals details of the structure of the Amphitheater Mountains, such as the orientation and thickness of Nikolai basalts, and the geometry of the FL‐T intrusions. The 3‐D model (50 × 70 km) includes the full geographic extent of the FL‐T complexes and consists of 11 layers. Layer surfaces and properties (density and magnetic susceptibility) were modified by forward and inverse methods to reduce differences between the observed and calculated gravity and magnetic grids. The model suggests that the outcropping FL‐T sills are apparently connected and traceable at depth and reveals variations in thickness, shape, and orientation of the ultramafic bodies that may identify paths of magma flow. The model shows that a significant volume (2000 km</span><sup>3</sup><span>) of ultramafic material occurs in the subsurface, gradually thickening and plunging westward to depths exceeding 4 km. This deep ultramafic material is interpreted as the top of a keel or root system that supplied magma to the Nikolai lavas and controlled emplacement of related magmatic intrusions. The presence of this deep, keel‐like structure, and asymmetry of the synform, supports a sag basin model for development of the Amphitheater Mountains structure and reveals that the feeders to the Nikolai are much more extensive than previously known.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2011GC003508","issn":"15252027","usgsCitation":"Glen, J.M., Schmidt, J.M., and Connard, G.G., 2011, Three-dimensional model of an ultramafic feeder system to the Nikolai Greenstone mafic large igneous province, central Alaska Range: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 12, no. 6, Q06018, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GC003508.","productDescription":"Q06018, 24 p.","costCenters":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475141,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011gc003508","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":246608,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218583,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GC003508"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Central Alaska Range","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -149.501953125,\n              62.471723714758724\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.943359375,\n              62.471723714758724\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.943359375,\n              64.28275952823394\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.501953125,\n              64.28275952823394\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.501953125,\n              62.471723714758724\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb33ee4b08c986b325c79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glen, Jonathan M.G. 0000-0002-3502-3355 jglen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3502-3355","contributorId":176530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glen","given":"Jonathan","email":"jglen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.G.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":455964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schmidt, Jeanine M. jschmidt@usgs.gov","contributorId":3138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Jeanine","email":"jschmidt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":455965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Connard, G. G.","contributorId":20354,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connard","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70036271,"text":"70036271 - 2011 - Geology and petroleum potential of the Arctic Alaska petroleum province","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-20T18:02:38.113461","indexId":"70036271","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1784,"text":"Geological Society Memoir","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"chapter":"32","title":"Geology and petroleum potential of the Arctic Alaska petroleum province","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Arctic Alaska petroleum province encompasses all lands and adjacent continental shelf areas north of the Brooks Range–Herald Arch orogenic belt and south of the northern (outboard) margin of the Beaufort Rift shoulder. Even though only a small part is thoroughly explored, it is one of the most prolific petroleum provinces in North America with total known resources (cumulative production plus proved reserves) of&nbsp;</span><i>c</i><span>. 28 BBOE. The province constitutes a significant part of a displaced continental fragment, the Arctic Alaska microplate, that was probably rifted from the Canadian Arctic margin during formation of the Canada Basin. Petroleum prospective rocks in the province, mostly Mississippian and younger, record a sequential geological evolution through passive margin, rift and foreland basin tectonic stages. Significant petroleum source and reservoir rocks were formed during each tectonic stage but it was the foreland basin stage that provided the necessary burial heating to generate petroleum from the source rocks. The lion's share of known petroleum resources in the province occur in combination structural–stratigraphic traps formed as a consequence of rifting and located along the rift shoulder. Since the discovery of the super-giant Prudhoe Bay accumulation in one of these traps in the late 1960s, exploration activity preferentially focused on these types of traps. More recent activity, however, has emphasized the potential for stratigraphic traps and the prospect of a natural gas pipeline in this region has spurred renewed interest in structural traps. For assessment purposes, the province is divided into a Platform assessment unit (AU), comprising the Beaufort Rift shoulder and its relatively undeformed flanks, and a Fold-and-Thrust Belt AU, comprising the deformed area north of the Brooks Range and Herald Arch tectonic belt. Mean estimates of undiscovered, technically recoverable resources include nearly 28 billion barrels of oil (BBO) and 122 trillion cubic feet (TCF) of nonassociated gas in the Platform AU and 2 BBO and 59 TCF of nonassociated gas in the Fold-and-Thrust Belt AU.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Geological Society of London","doi":"10.1144/M35.32","issn":"04354052","usgsCitation":"Bird, K.J., and Houseknecht, D.W., 2011, Geology and petroleum potential of the Arctic Alaska petroleum province: Geological Society Memoir, no. 35, p. 485-499, https://doi.org/10.1144/M35.32.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"485","endPage":"499","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246572,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218551,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1144/M35.32"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Arctic Alaska Province","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -166.55273437499997,\n              68.13885164925573\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.59765625,\n              68.26938680456564\n            ],\n            [\n              -159.169921875,\n              68.8159271333607\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.34765625,\n              69.03714171275197\n            ],\n            [\n              -138.955078125,\n              68.43151284537514\n            ],\n            [\n              -138.427734375,\n              69.68761843185617\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.162109375,\n              71.07405646336098\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.072265625,\n              72.01972876525514\n            ],\n            [\n              -162.59765625,\n              72.39570570653261\n            ],\n            [\n              -169.365234375,\n              72.04683989379397\n            ],\n            [\n              -169.45312499999997,\n              68.75231494434473\n            ],\n            [\n              -167.607421875,\n              67.7760253890732\n            ],\n            [\n              -166.55273437499997,\n              68.13885164925573\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","issue":"35","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f46ae4b0c8380cd4bd03","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bird, Kenneth J. kbird@usgs.gov","contributorId":1015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bird","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbird@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":455201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Houseknecht, David W. 0000-0002-9633-6910 dhouse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9633-6910","contributorId":645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Houseknecht","given":"David","email":"dhouse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":455200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70036266,"text":"70036266 - 2011 - Regional shoreline change and coastal erosion hazards in Arctic Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-01-25T17:46:06.179722","indexId":"70036266","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Regional shoreline change and coastal erosion hazards in Arctic Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>Historical shoreline positions along the mainland Beaufort Sea coast of Alaska were digitized and analyzed to determine the long-term rate of change. Average shoreline change rates and ranges from 1947 to the mid-2000s were determined every 50 meters between Barrow and Demarcation Point, at the U.S.-Canadian border. Results show that shoreline change rates are highly variable along the coast, with an average regional shoreline change rate of-2.0 m/yr and localized rates of up to -19 m/yr. The highest erosion rates were observed at headlands, points, and associated with breached thermokarst lakes. Areas of accretion were limited, and generally associated with spit extension and minor beach accretion. In general, erosion rates increase from east to west, with overall higher rates east of Harrison Bay.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkTitle":"Solutions to Coastal Disasters 2011 - Proceedings of the 2011 Solutions to Coastal Disasters Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceTitle":"2011 Solutions to Coastal Disasters Conference","conferenceDate":"June 25-29, 2011","conferenceLocation":"Anchorage, AK","language":"English","doi":"10.1061/41185(417)24","isbn":"9780784411858","usgsCitation":"Gibbs, A.E., Harden, E.L., Richmond, B.M., and Erikson, L.H., 2011, Regional shoreline change and coastal erosion hazards in Arctic Alaska, <i>in</i> Solutions to Coastal Disasters 2011 - Proceedings of the 2011 Solutions to Coastal Disasters Conference, Anchorage, AK, June 25-29, 2011, p. 258-272, https://doi.org/10.1061/41185(417)24.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"258","endPage":"272","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":246506,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218489,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41185(417)24"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea coast","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -160.75195312499997,\n              69.09993967425089\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.064453125,\n              69.09993967425089\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.064453125,\n              71.96538769913127\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.75195312499997,\n              71.96538769913127\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.75195312499997,\n              69.09993967425089\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a578e4b0e8fec6cdbe16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gibbs, Ann E. 0000-0002-0883-3774 agibbs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0883-3774","contributorId":2644,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibbs","given":"Ann","email":"agibbs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":455181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harden, E. Lynne","contributorId":54639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Lynne","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":455182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richmond, Bruce M. 0000-0002-0056-5832 brichmond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0056-5832","contributorId":2459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Bruce","email":"brichmond@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":455183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Erikson, Li H. 0000-0002-8607-7695 lerikson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8607-7695","contributorId":149963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erikson","given":"Li","email":"lerikson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":455180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036212,"text":"70036212 - 2011 - Genetic differentiation of the Kittlitz's Murrelet <i>Brachyramphus brevirostris</i> in the Aleutian Islands and Gulf of Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-11T16:01:16","indexId":"70036212","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2675,"text":"Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation","onlineIssn":"2074-1235","printIssn":"1018-3337","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic differentiation of the Kittlitz's Murrelet <i>Brachyramphus brevirostris</i> in the Aleutian Islands and Gulf of Alaska","docAbstract":"<p>Information about the distribution of genetic variation within and among local populations of the Kittlitz's Murrelet <i>Brachyramphus brevirostris</i> is needed for effective conservation of this rare and declining species. We compared variation in a 429 base pair fragment of the mitochondrial control region and 11 microsatellite loci among 53 Kittlitz's Murrelets from three sites in the western Aleutian Islands (Attu Island) and Gulf of Alaska (Glacier Bay and Kachemak Bay). We found that birds in these two regions differ genetically in three assessments: (1) global and pairwise indices of genetic differentiation were significantly greater than zero, (2) mitochondrial haplotypes differed by a minimum of nine substitutions, and (3) molecular assignments indicated little gene flow between regions. The data suggest that birds in these regions have been genetically isolated for an extended period. We conclude that Kittlitz's Murrelets from Attu Island and from the Gulf of Alaska represent separate evolutionarily significant units, and should be treated as such for conservation. Genetic data for Kittlitz's Murrelets from the remainder of the breeding range are urgently needed.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Pacific Seabird Group","issn":"10183337","usgsCitation":"Birt, T., Mackinnon, D., Piatt, J.F., and Friesen, V.L., 2011, Genetic differentiation of the Kittlitz's Murrelet <i>Brachyramphus brevirostris</i> in the Aleutian Islands and Gulf of Alaska: Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation, v. 39, no. 1, p. 45-51.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"51","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246598,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":342362,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.marineornithology.org/content/get.cgi?rn=912"}],"volume":"39","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a156fe4b0c8380cd54df2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Birt, T.P.","contributorId":82411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birt","given":"T.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mackinnon, D.","contributorId":63254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mackinnon","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":454911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Friesen, Vicki L.","contributorId":59407,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friesen","given":"Vicki","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7029,"text":"Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":454908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036211,"text":"70036211 - 2011 - Distribution, population status and trends of Kittlitz's murrelet <i>Brachyramphus brevirostris</i> in Lower Cook Inlet and Kachemak Bay, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-08T10:49:31","indexId":"70036211","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2675,"text":"Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation","onlineIssn":"2074-1235","printIssn":"1018-3337","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Distribution, population status and trends of Kittlitz's murrelet <i>Brachyramphus brevirostris</i> in Lower Cook Inlet and Kachemak Bay, Alaska","title":"Distribution, population status and trends of Kittlitz's murrelet <i>Brachyramphus brevirostris</i> in Lower Cook Inlet and Kachemak Bay, Alaska","docAbstract":"Lower Cook Inlet (LCI) in south-central Alaska is unusual among the breeding areas of Kittlitz's Murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris because of human impacts on the marine and terrestrial environments and because of the lack of tidewater glaciers. In LCI the Kittlitz's Murrelet co-exists with the more abundant Marbled Murrelet, which complicates abundance estimates because of the difficulty of species identification. We compared survey data for an area with overlapping coverage in LCI (Core area) in 1993 (June) and from 1996 to 1999 (July-early August). Within this LCI Core area, the surveys in 1996-1999 estimated ~1600 Kittlitz's Murrelets and ~17 000 Marbled Murrelets, including prorated unidentified murrelets. The Kittlitz's Murrelet population declined between 1993 and 1999 at 26% per annum (84% overall). Simultaneously, Marbled Murrelets declined by 12% per annum (56% overall), though the decline was not statistically significant. Declines were estimated conservatively because the 1993 survey was conducted in June, when both murrelet species are less abundant on the water. We also surveyed Kachemak Bay, a large embayment of LCI, during mid-summer (July) of 2005-2007 and estimated a population of 2047 Kittlitz's Murrelets (SD 1120, n = 3 years) residing primarily in the inner bay. Marbled Murrelets numbered 11 040 (SD 1306) and were found throughout the bay. On one transect set in inner Kachemak Bay, Kittlitz's Murrelet density in late summer (1-16 August) declined 7.5% per annum between 1988 and 2007 (n = 6 years), and Marbled Murrelet density increased 4.9% per annum. On two other transect sets in the inner bay, however, neither murrelet species showed a change in density between 1996 and 2007. Inner Kachemak Bay is a persistent hotspot for Kittlitz's Murrelet and may attract murrelets from LCI and beyond. We recommend monitoring murrelet populations in Kachemak Bay, although Kittlitz's Murrelets likely move between the main body of Cook Inlet and Kachemak Bay, and a complete LCI survey is needed to gauge regional population trends.","language":"English","issn":"10183337","usgsCitation":"Kuletz, K.J., Speckman, S., Piatt, J.F., and Labunski, E., 2011, Distribution, population status and trends of Kittlitz's murrelet <i>Brachyramphus brevirostris</i> in Lower Cook Inlet and Kachemak Bay, Alaska: Marine Ornithology: Journal of Seabird Research and Conservation, v. 39, no. 1, p. 85-95.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"95","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246597,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0322e4b0c8380cd50365","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuletz, Kathy J.","contributorId":24669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuletz","given":"Kathy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Speckman, Suzann G.","contributorId":88217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Speckman","given":"Suzann G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":454904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Labunski, E.A.","contributorId":97750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Labunski","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70036125,"text":"70036125 - 2011 - Glacial influence on the geochemistry of riverine iron fluxes to the Gulf of Alaska and effects of deglaciation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-02T21:26:26","indexId":"70036125","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Glacial influence on the geochemistry of riverine iron fluxes to the Gulf of Alaska and effects of deglaciation","docAbstract":"Riverine iron (Fe) derived from glacial weathering is a critical micronutrient source to ecosystems of the Gulf of Alaska (GoA). Here we demonstrate that the source and chemical nature of riverine Fe input to the GoA could change dramatically due to the widespread watershed deglaciation that is underway. We examine Fe size partitioning, speciation, and isotopic composition in tributaries of the Copper River which exemplify a long-term GoA watershed evolution from one strongly influenced by glacial weathering to a boreal-forested watershed. Iron fluxes from glacierized tributaries bear high suspended sediment and colloidal Fe loads of mixed valence silicate species, with low concentrations of dissolved Fe and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Iron isotopic composition is indicative of mechanical weathering as the Fe source. Conversely, Fe fluxes from boreal-forested systems have higher dissolved Fe concentrations corresponding to higher DOC concentrations. Iron colloids and suspended sediment consist of Fe (hydr)oxides and organic complexes. These watersheds have an iron isotopic composition indicative of an internal chemical processing source. We predict that as the GoA watershed evolves due to deglaciation, so will the source, flux, and chemical nature of riverine Fe loads, which could have significant ramifications for Alaskan marine and freshwater ecosystems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2011GL048367","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Schroth, A., Crusius, J., Chever, F., Bostick, B., and Rouxel, O., 2011, Glacial influence on the geochemistry of riverine iron fluxes to the Gulf of Alaska and effects of deglaciation: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 38, no. 16, L16605, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL048367.","productDescription":"L16605","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475266,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2011gl048367","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":218158,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GL048367"},{"id":246143,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -170.5,47.0 ], [ -170.5,61.7 ], [ -123.6,61.7 ], [ -123.6,47.0 ], [ -170.5,47.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"38","issue":"16","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2906e4b0c8380cd5a602","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schroth, A.W.","contributorId":79707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroth","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Crusius, John 0000-0003-2554-0831 jcrusius@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2554-0831","contributorId":2155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crusius","given":"John","email":"jcrusius@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":454349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chever, F.","contributorId":44383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chever","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bostick, B.C.","contributorId":62813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bostick","given":"B.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rouxel, O.J.","contributorId":32001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rouxel","given":"O.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70036079,"text":"70036079 - 2011 - Alaska North Slope regional gas hydrate production modeling forecasts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-02T20:40:58.45809","indexId":"70036079","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Alaska North Slope regional gas hydrate production modeling forecasts","docAbstract":"<p id=\"abspara0010\">A series of gas hydrate development scenarios were created to assess the range of outcomes predicted for the possible development of the “Eileen” gas hydrate accumulation, North Slope, Alaska. Production forecasts for the “reference case” were built using the 2002 Mallik production tests, mechanistic simulation, and geologic studies conducted by the US Geological Survey. Three additional scenarios were considered: A “downside-scenario” which fails to identify viable production, an “upside-scenario” describes results that are better than expected. To capture the full range of possible outcomes and balance the downside case, an “extreme upside scenario” assumes each well is exceptionally productive.</p><p id=\"abspara0015\">Starting with a representative type-well simulation forecasts, field development timing is applied and the sum of individual well forecasts creating the field-wide production forecast. This technique is commonly used to schedule large-scale resource plays where drilling schedules are complex and production forecasts must account for many changing parameters. The complementary forecasts of rig count, capital investment, and cash flow can be used in a pre-appraisal assessment of potential commercial viability.</p><p id=\"abspara0020\">Since no significant gas sales are currently possible on the North Slope of Alaska, typical parameters were used to create downside, reference, and upside case forecasts that predict from 0 to 71&nbsp;BM<sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>(2.5&nbsp;tcf) of gas may be produced in 20 years and nearly 283&nbsp;BM<sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>(10&nbsp;tcf) ultimate recovery after 100 years.</p><p id=\"abspara0025\">Outlining a range of possible outcomes enables decision makers to visualize the pace and milestones that will be required to evaluate gas hydrate resource development in the Eileen accumulation. Critical values of peak production rate, time to meaningful production volumes, and investments required to rule out a downside case are provided. Upside cases identify potential if both depressurization and thermal stimulation yield positive results. An “extreme upside” case captures the full potential of unconstrained development with widely spaced wells. The results of this study indicate that recoverable gas hydrate resources may exist in the Eileen accumulation and that it represents a good opportunity for continued research.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.03.007","issn":"02648172","usgsCitation":"Wilson, S., Hunter, R., Collett, T.S., Hancock, S., Boswell, R., and Anderson, B., 2011, Alaska North Slope regional gas hydrate production modeling forecasts: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 28, no. 2, p. 460-477, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.03.007.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"460","endPage":"477","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246458,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218448,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.03.007"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"North Slope","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -167.255859375,\n              67.90861918215302\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.064453125,\n              67.90861918215302\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.064453125,\n              72.18180355624855\n            ],\n            [\n              -167.255859375,\n              72.18180355624855\n            ],\n            [\n              -167.255859375,\n              67.90861918215302\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e932e4b0c8380cd48157","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, S.J.","contributorId":93734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"S.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunter, R.B.","contributorId":29538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":454080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hancock, S.","contributorId":71742,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hancock","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Boswell, R.","contributorId":35121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boswell","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Anderson, B.J.","contributorId":70914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":454078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70036047,"text":"70036047 - 2011 - Downhole well log and core montages from the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-03T19:27:08.822347","indexId":"70036047","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Downhole well log and core montages from the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope","docAbstract":"<p><span>The BPXA-DOE-USGS Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well was an integral part of an ongoing project to determine the future energy resource potential of gas hydrates on the Alaska North Slope. As part of this effort, the Mount Elbert well included an advanced downhole geophysical logging program. Because gas hydrate is unstable at ground surface pressure and temperature conditions, a major emphasis was placed on the downhole-logging program to determine the occurrence of gas hydrates and the in-situ physical properties of the sediments. In support of this effort, well-log and core data montages have been compiled which include downhole log and core-data obtained from the gas-hydrate-bearing sedimentary section in the Mount Elbert well. Also shown are numerous reservoir parameters, including gas-hydrate saturation and sediment porosity log traces calculated from available downhole well log and core data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.03.016","issn":"02648172","usgsCitation":"Collett, T.S., Lewis, R., Winters, W.J., Lee, M.W., Rose, K., and Boswell, R., 2011, Downhole well log and core montages from the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 28, no. 2, p. 561-577, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.03.016.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"561","endPage":"577","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475448,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1912/4388","text":"External Repository"},{"id":246457,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218447,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.03.016"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alaska North Slope","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -166.728515625,\n              67.33986082559095\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.064453125,\n              67.33986082559095\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.064453125,\n              71.18775391813158\n            ],\n            [\n              -166.728515625,\n              71.18775391813158\n            ],\n            [\n              -166.728515625,\n              67.33986082559095\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a03b3e4b0c8380cd505fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lewis, R.E.","contributorId":31735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Winters, William J. bwinters@usgs.gov","contributorId":522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winters","given":"William","email":"bwinters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee, Myung W.","contributorId":84358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Myung","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rose, K.K.","contributorId":102306,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"K.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Boswell, R.M.","contributorId":94534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boswell","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70036018,"text":"70036018 - 2011 - Analysis of formation pressure test results in the Mount Elbert methane hydrate reservoir through numerical simulation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-03T20:24:18.39138","indexId":"70036018","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of formation pressure test results in the Mount Elbert methane hydrate reservoir through numerical simulation","docAbstract":"<p id=\"abspara0010\">Targeting the methane hydrate (MH) bearing units C and D at the Mount Elbert prospect on the Alaska North Slope, four MDT (Modular Dynamic Formation Tester) tests were conducted in February 2007. The C2 MDT test was selected for history matching simulation in the MH Simulator Code Comparison Study. Through history matching simulation, the physical and chemical properties of the unit C were adjusted, which suggested the most likely reservoir properties of this unit. Based on these properties thus tuned, the numerical models replicating “Mount Elbert C2 zone like reservoir”, “PBU L-Pad like reservoir” and “PBU L-Pad down dip like reservoir” were constructed. The long term production performances of wells in these reservoirs were then forecasted assuming the MH dissociation and production by the methods of depressurization, combination of depressurization and wellbore heating, and hot water huff and puff. The predicted cumulative gas production ranges from 2.16&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>6</sup>&nbsp;m<sup>3</sup>/well to 8.22&nbsp;×&nbsp;10<sup>8</sup>&nbsp;m<sup>3</sup>/well depending mainly on the initial temperature of the reservoir and on the production method.</p><p id=\"abspara0015\">This paper describes the details of modeling and history matching simulation. This paper also presents the results of the examinations on the effects of reservoir properties on MH dissociation and production performances under the application of the depressurization and thermal methods.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.01.007","issn":"02648172","usgsCitation":"Kurihara, M., Sato, A., Funatsu, K., Ouchi, H., Masuda, Y., Narita, H., and Collett, T.S., 2011, Analysis of formation pressure test results in the Mount Elbert methane hydrate reservoir through numerical simulation: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 28, no. 2, p. 502-516, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.01.007.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"502","endPage":"516","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":246524,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":218507,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.01.007"}],"volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb14e4b0c8380cd48be3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kurihara, M.","contributorId":54823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurihara","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sato, A.","contributorId":86613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sato","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Funatsu, K.","contributorId":50023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Funatsu","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ouchi, H.","contributorId":62065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ouchi","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Masuda, Y.","contributorId":46339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masuda","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Narita, H.","contributorId":105565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Narita","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":453640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Collett, Timothy S. 0000-0002-7598-4708 tcollett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":1698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"Timothy","email":"tcollett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":453638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70035754,"text":"70035754 - 2011 - Spatial and temporal trends of selected trace elements in liver tissue from polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Alaska, Canada and Greenland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-10T21:08:03.610029","indexId":"70035754","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2259,"text":"Journal of Environmental Monitoring","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Spatial and temporal trends of selected trace elements in liver tissue from polar bears (<i>Ursus maritimus</i>) from Alaska, Canada and Greenland","title":"Spatial and temporal trends of selected trace elements in liver tissue from polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Alaska, Canada and Greenland","docAbstract":"<p><span>Spatial trends and comparative changes in time of selected trace elements were studied in liver tissue from polar bears from ten different subpopulation locations in Alaska, Canadian Arctic and East Greenland. For nine of the trace elements (As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Mn, Pb, Rb, Se and Zn) spatial trends were investigated in 136 specimens sampled during 2005–2008 from bears from these ten subpopulations. Concentrations of Hg, Se and As were highest in the (northern and southern) Beaufort Sea area and lowest in (western and southern) Hudson Bay area and Chukchi/Bering Sea. In contrast, concentrations of Cd showed an increasing trend from east to west. Minor or no spatial trends were observed for Cu, Mn, Rb and Zn. Spatial trends were in agreement with previous studies, possibly explained by natural phenomena. To assess temporal changes of Cd, Hg, Se and Zn concentrations during the last decades, we compared our results to previously published data. These time comparisons suggested recent Hg increase in East Greenland polar bears. This may be related to Hg emissions and/or climate-induced changes in Hg cycles or changes in the polar bear&nbsp;</span>food<span>&nbsp;web related to global warming. Also, Hg : Se molar ratio has increased in East Greenland polar bears, which suggests there may be an increased risk for Hg</span><small><sup>2+</sup></small><span>-mediated toxicity. Since the underlying reasons for spatial trends or changes in time of trace elements in the Arctic are still largely unknown, future studies should focus on the role of changing climate and trace metal emissions on geographical and temporal trends of trace elements.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society of Chemistry","doi":"10.1039/c1em10088b","usgsCitation":"Routti, H., Letcher, R., Born, E.W., Branigan, M., Dietz, R., Evans, T., Fisk, A.T., Peacock, E.L., and Sonne, C., 2011, Spatial and temporal trends of selected trace elements in liver tissue from polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Alaska, Canada and Greenland: Journal of Environmental Monitoring, v. 13, no. 8, p. 2260-2267, https://doi.org/10.1039/c1em10088b.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"2260","endPage":"2267","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":243950,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States, Canada, Greenland","state":"Alasksa","otherGeospatial":"Alaska, Canada and Greenland","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -169.45312499999997,\n              57.326521225217064\n            ],\n            [\n              -37.265625,\n              57.326521225217064\n            ],\n            [\n              -37.265625,\n              85.34532513469132\n            ],\n            [\n              -169.45312499999997,\n              85.34532513469132\n            ],\n            [\n              -169.45312499999997,\n              57.326521225217064\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b944be4b08c986b31a9ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Routti, Heli","contributorId":56879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Routti","given":"Heli","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7238,"text":"Norwegian Polar Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":452203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Letcher, Robert J.","contributorId":25292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Letcher","given":"Robert J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Born, Erik W.","contributorId":8379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Born","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Branigan, Marsha","contributorId":55236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Branigan","given":"Marsha","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":33080,"text":"Environment and Natural Resources, Government of Northwest Territories, Inuvik, NT, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":452202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dietz, Rune","contributorId":41741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dietz","given":"Rune","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Evans, Thomas J.","contributorId":174904,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"Thomas J.","affiliations":[{"id":13235,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Marine Mammals Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":452205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fisk, Aaron T.","contributorId":127340,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fisk","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6778,"text":"University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":452200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Peacock, Elizabeth L. 0000-0001-7279-0329 lpeacock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7279-0329","contributorId":3361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peacock","given":"Elizabeth","email":"lpeacock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":452201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sonne, Christian","contributorId":28527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sonne","given":"Christian","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70035753,"text":"70035753 - 2011 - Volcanic plume height measured by seismic waves based on a mechanical model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-14T11:06:38","indexId":"70035753","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volcanic plume height measured by seismic waves based on a mechanical model","docAbstract":"In August 2008 an unmonitored, largely unstudied Aleutian volcano, Kasatochi, erupted catastrophically. Here we use seismic data to infer the height of large eruptive columns such as those of Kasatochi based on a combination of existing fluid and solid mechanical models. In so doing, we propose a connection between a common, observable, short-period seismic wave amplitude to the physics of an eruptive column. To construct a combined model, we estimate the mass ejection rate of material from the vent on the basis of the plume height, assuming that the height is controlled by thermal buoyancy for a continuous plume. Using the estimated mass ejection rate, we then derive the equivalent vertical force on the Earth through a momentum balance. Finally, we calculate the far-field surface waves resulting from the vertical force. The model performs well for recent eruptions of Kasatochi and Augustine volcanoes if <i>v</i>, the velocity of material exiting the vent, is 120-230 m s<sup>-1</sup>. The consistency between the seismically inferred and measured plume heights indicates that in these cases the far-field ~1 s seismic energy radiated by fluctuating flow in the volcanic jet during the eruption is a useful indicator of overall mass ejection rates. Thus, use of the model holds promise for characterizing eruptions and evaluating ash hazards to aircraft in real time on the basis of far-field short-period seismic data. This study emphasizes the need for better measurements of eruptive plume heights and a more detailed understanding of the full spectrum of seismic energy radiated coeruptively.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2010JB007620","isbn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Prejean, S.G., and Brodsky, E.E., 2011, Volcanic plume height measured by seismic waves based on a mechanical model: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 116, no. B1, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JB007620.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"B01306","costCenters":[{"id":121,"text":"Alaska Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":475203,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010jb007620","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":216077,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010JB007620"},{"id":243919,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"116","issue":"B1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-01-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc2fee4b08c986b32aec8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prejean, Stephanie G. sprejean@usgs.gov","contributorId":2602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prejean","given":"Stephanie","email":"sprejean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":452195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brodsky, Emily E.","contributorId":29660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brodsky","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70035722,"text":"70035722 - 2011 - Gas geochemistry of the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope: implications for gas hydrate exploration in the Arctic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-28T10:05:20","indexId":"70035722","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gas geochemistry of the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope: implications for gas hydrate exploration in the Arctic","docAbstract":"Gases were analyzed from well cuttings, core, gas hydrate, and formation tests at the BPXA-DOE-USGS Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, drilled within the Milne Point Unit, Alaska North Slope. The well penetrated a portion of the Eileen gas hydrate deposit, which overlies the more deeply buried Prudhoe Bay, Milne Point, West Sak, and Kuparuk River oil fields. Gas sources in the upper 200 m are predominantly from microbial sources (C<sub>1</sub> isotopic compositions ranging from −86.4 to −80.6‰). The C<sub>1</sub> isotopic composition becomes progressively enriched from 200 m to the top of the gas hydrate-bearing sands at 600 m. The tested gas hydrates occur in two primary intervals, units D and C, between 614.0 m and 664.7 m, containing a total of 29.3 m of gas hydrate-bearing sands. The hydrocarbon gases in cuttings and core samples from 604 to 914 m are composed of methane with very little ethane. The isotopic composition of the methane carbon ranges from −50.1 to −43.9‰ with several outliers, generally decreasing with depth. Gas samples collected by the Modular Formation Dynamics Testing (MDT) tool in the hydrate-bearing units were similarly composed mainly of methane, with up to 284 ppm ethane. The methane isotopic composition ranged from −48.2 to −48.0‰ in the C sand and from −48.4 to −46.6‰ in the D sand. Methane hydrogen isotopic composition ranged from −238 to −230‰, with slightly more depleted values in the deeper C sand. These results are consistent with the concept that the Eileen gas hydrates contain a mixture of deep-sourced, microbially biodegraded thermogenic gas, with lesser amounts of thermogenic oil-associated gas, and coal gas. Thermal gases are likely sourced from existing oil and gas accumulations that have migrated up-dip and/or up-fault and formed gas hydrate in response to climate cooling with permafrost formation.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.02.007","issn":"02648172","usgsCitation":"Lorenson, T., Collett, T.S., and Hunter, R., 2011, Gas geochemistry of the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope: implications for gas hydrate exploration in the Arctic: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 28, no. 2, p. 343-360, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.02.007.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"343","endPage":"360","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":216135,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.02.007"},{"id":243982,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alaska North Slope","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -166.85,68.0 ], [ -166.85,71.39 ], [ -141.0,71.39 ], [ -141.0,68.0 ], [ -166.85,68.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a14cae4b0c8380cd54b7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lorenson, T.D.","contributorId":7715,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorenson","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collett, T. S. 0000-0002-7598-4708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":86342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hunter, R.B.","contributorId":29538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":452064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70035088,"text":"70035088 - 2011 - Glacial flour dust storms in the Gulf of Alaska: hydrologic and meteorological controls and their importance as a source of bioavailable iron","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-02T21:30:12","indexId":"70035088","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Glacial flour dust storms in the Gulf of Alaska: hydrologic and meteorological controls and their importance as a source of bioavailable iron","docAbstract":"Iron is an essential micronutrient that limits primary productivity in much of the ocean, including the Gulf of Alaska (GoA). However, the processes that transport iron to the ocean surface are poorly quantified. We combine satellite and meteorological data to provide the first description of widespread dust transport from coastal Alaska into the GoA. Dust is frequently transported from glacially-derived sediment at the mouths of several rivers, the most prominent of which is the Copper River. These dust events occur most frequently in autumn, when coastal river levels are low and riverbed sediments are exposed. The dust plumes are transported several hundred kilometers beyond the continental shelf into iron-limited waters. We estimate the mass of dust transported from the Copper River valley during one 2006 dust event to be between 25–80 ktons. Based on conservative estimates, this equates to a soluble iron loading of 30–200 tons. We suggest the soluble Fe flux from dust originating in glaciofluvial sediment deposits from the entire GoA coastline is two to three times larger, and is comparable to the annual Fe flux to GoA surface waters from eddies of coastal origin. Given that glaciers are retreating in the coastal GoA region and in other locations, it is important to examine whether fluxes of dust are increasing from glacierized landscapes to the ocean, and to assess the impact of associated Fe on marine ecosystems.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geophysical Research Letters","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1029/2010GL046573","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Crusius, J., Schroth, A., Gasso, S., Moy, C., Levy, R., and Gatica, M., 2011, Glacial flour dust storms in the Gulf of Alaska: hydrologic and meteorological controls and their importance as a source of bioavailable iron: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 38, no. 6, L06602, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL046573.","productDescription":"L06602","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487246,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2010gl046573","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243288,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":215480,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010GL046573"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -170.5,47.0 ], [ -170.5,61.7 ], [ -123.6,61.7 ], [ -123.6,47.0 ], [ -170.5,47.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"38","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2901e4b0c8380cd5a5dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crusius, John 0000-0003-2554-0831 jcrusius@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2554-0831","contributorId":2155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crusius","given":"John","email":"jcrusius@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":449237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schroth, A.W.","contributorId":79707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroth","given":"A.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gasso, S.","contributorId":28447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gasso","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moy, C.M.","contributorId":81328,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moy","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Levy, R.C.","contributorId":11435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levy","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gatica, M.","contributorId":24191,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gatica","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":449235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70034842,"text":"70034842 - 2011 - Design of ecoregional monitoring in conservation areas of high-latitude ecosystems under contemporary climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-12-18T15:11:32","indexId":"70034842","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Design of ecoregional monitoring in conservation areas of high-latitude ecosystems under contemporary climate change","docAbstract":"<p><span>Land ownership in Alaska includes a mosaic of federally managed units. Within its agency&rsquo;s context, each unit has its own management strategy, authority, and resources of conservation concern, many of which are migratory animals. Though some units are geographically isolated, many are nevertheless linked by paths of abiotic and biotic flows, such as rivers, air masses, flyways, and terrestrial and aquatic migration routes. Furthermore, individual land units exist within the context of a larger landscape pattern of shifting conditions, requiring managers to understand at larger spatial scales the status and trends in the synchrony and spatial concurrence of species and associated suitable habitats. Results of these changes will determine the ability of Alaska lands to continue to: provide habitat for local and migratory species; absorb species whose ranges are shifting northward; and experience mitigation or exacerbation of climate change through positive and negative atmospheric feedbacks. We discuss the geographic and statutory contexts that influence development of ecological monitoring; argue for the inclusion of significant amounts of broad-scale monitoring; discuss the importance of defining clear programmatic and monitoring objectives; and draw from lessons learned from existing long-term, broad-scale monitoring programs to apply to the specific contexts relevant to high-latitude protected areas such as those in Alaska. Such areas are distinguished by their: marked seasonality; relatively large magnitudes of contemporary change in climatic parameters; and relative inaccessibility due to broad spatial extent, very low (or zero) road density, and steep and glaciated areas. For ecological monitoring to effectively support management decisions in high-latitude areas such as Alaska, a monitoring program ideally would be structured to address the actual spatial and temporal scales of relevant processes, rather than the artificial boundaries of individual land-management units. Heuristic models provide a means by which to integrate understanding of ecosystem structure, composition, and function, in the midst of numerous ecosystem drivers.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2010.06.022","issn":"00063207","usgsCitation":"Beever, E.A., and Woodward, A., 2011, Design of ecoregional monitoring in conservation areas of high-latitude ecosystems under contemporary climate change: Biological Conservation, v. 144, no. 5, p. 1258-1269, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2010.06.022.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1258","endPage":"1269","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":243862,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216023,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2010.06.022"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -174.28710937499997,\n              51.34433866059924\n            ],\n            [\n              -174.28710937499997,\n              71.46912418989677\n            ],\n            [\n              -129.638671875,\n              71.46912418989677\n            ],\n            [\n              -129.638671875,\n              51.34433866059924\n            ],\n            [\n              -174.28710937499997,\n              51.34433866059924\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"144","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ff3fe4b0c8380cd4f0c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beever, Erik A. 0000-0002-9369-486X ebeever@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-486X","contributorId":2934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beever","given":"Erik","email":"ebeever@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woodward, Andrea 0000-0003-0604-9115 awoodward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0604-9115","contributorId":3028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"Andrea","email":"awoodward@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034701,"text":"70034701 - 2011 - Geographic variation in morphology of Alaska-breeding Bar-tailed Godwits (<i>Limosa lapponica</i>) is not maintained on their nonbreeding grounds in New Zealand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-07T11:12:33","indexId":"70034701","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3544,"text":"The Auk","onlineIssn":"1938-4254","printIssn":"0004-8038","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic variation in morphology of Alaska-breeding Bar-tailed Godwits (<i>Limosa lapponica</i>) is not maintained on their nonbreeding grounds in New Zealand","docAbstract":"<p><span>Among scolopacid shorebirds, Bar-tailed Godwits (</span><i>Limosa lapponica</i><span>) have unusually high intra- and intersexual differences in size and breeding plumage. Despite historical evidence for population structure among Alaska-breeding Bar-tailed Godwits (</span><i>L. l. baueri</i><span>), no thorough analysis, or comparison with the population's nonbreeding distribution, has been undertaken. We used live captures, field photography, museum specimens, and individuals tracked from New Zealand to describe geographic variation in size and plumage within the Alaska breeding range. We found a north-south cline in body size in Alaska, in which the smallest individuals of each sex occurred at the highest latitudes. Extent of male breeding plumage (proportion of nonbreeding contour feathers replaced) also increased with latitude, but female breeding plumage was most extensive at mid-latitudes. This population structure was not maintained in the nonbreeding season: morphometrics of captured birds and timing of migratory departures indicated that individuals from a wide range of breeding latitudes occur in each region and site in New Zealand. Links among morphology, phenology, and breeding location suggest the possibility of distinct Alaska breeding populations that mix freely in the nonbreeding season, and also imply that the strongest selection for size occurs in the breeding season.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.1525/auk.2011.10231","issn":"00048038","usgsCitation":"Conklin, J.R., Battley, P.F., Potter, M.A., and Ruthrauff, D.R., 2011, Geographic variation in morphology of Alaska-breeding Bar-tailed Godwits (<i>Limosa lapponica</i>) is not maintained on their nonbreeding grounds in New Zealand: The Auk, v. 128, no. 2, p. 363-373, https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2011.10231.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"363","endPage":"373","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":475071,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1525/auk.2011.10231","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":243607,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"128","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1789e4b0c8380cd55532","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conklin, Jesse R.","contributorId":169340,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conklin","given":"Jesse","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Battley, Phil F.","contributorId":27272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Battley","given":"Phil","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Potter, Murray A.","contributorId":80109,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Potter","given":"Murray","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":447111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ruthrauff, Daniel R. 0000-0003-1355-9156 druthrauff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1355-9156","contributorId":4181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruthrauff","given":"Daniel","email":"druthrauff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":447109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70034558,"text":"70034558 - 2011 - Migration and wintering sites of Pelagic Cormorants determined by satellite telemetry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-11-03T15:03:11.272195","indexId":"70034558","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Migration and wintering sites of Pelagic Cormorants determined by satellite telemetry","docAbstract":"<p><span>Factors affecting winter survival may be key determinants of status and population trends of seabirds, but connections between breeding sites and wintering areas of most populations are poorly known. Pelagic Cormorants (</span><i>Phalacrocorax pelagicus; N</i><span>= 6) surgically implanted with satellite transmitters migrated from a breeding colony on Middleton Island, northern Gulf of Alaska, to wintering sites in southeast Alaska and northern British Columbia. Winter locations averaged 920 km (range = 600–1190 km) from the breeding site. Migration flights in fall and spring lasted ≤5 d in four instances. After reaching wintering areas, cormorants settled in narrowly circumscribed inshore locations (∼10‐km radius) and remained there throughout the nonbreeding period (September– March). Two juveniles tagged at the breeding colony as fledglings remained at their wintering sites for the duration of the tracking interval (14 and 22 mo, respectively). Most cormorants used multiple sites within their winter ranges for roosting and foraging. Band recoveries show that Pelagic Cormorants in southern British Columbia and Washington disperse locally in winter, rather than migrating like the cormorants in our study. Radio‐tagging and monitoring cormorants and other seabirds from known breeding sites are vital for understanding migratory connectivity and improving conservation strategies for local populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1557-9263.2011.00330.x","usgsCitation":"Hatch, S.A., Gill, V., and Mulcahy, D., 2011, Migration and wintering sites of Pelagic Cormorants determined by satellite telemetry: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 82, no. 3, p. 269-278, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2011.00330.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"269","endPage":"278","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438832,"rank":1,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9Y5PQY3","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Tracking data for Pelagic cormorants (Phalacrocorax pelagicus)"},{"id":438831,"rank":1,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P902U2RO","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Tracking data for Red-faced cormorants (Phalacrocorax urile)"},{"id":243845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, British Columbia","otherGeospatial":"Middleton Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -146.3993453979492,\n              59.39721924965303\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.26647949218747,\n              59.39721924965303\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.26647949218747,\n              59.47333762375535\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.3993453979492,\n              59.47333762375535\n            ],\n            [\n              -146.3993453979492,\n              59.39721924965303\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -132.82470703125,\n              51.56341232867588\n            ],\n            [\n              -127.33154296875,\n              51.56341232867588\n            ],\n            [\n              -127.33154296875,\n              54.95238569063361\n            ],\n            [\n              -132.82470703125,\n              54.95238569063361\n            ],\n            [\n              -132.82470703125,\n              51.56341232867588\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -137.8125,\n              55.60317816902704\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.30859375,\n              55.60317816902704\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.30859375,\n              58.75680543225761\n            ],\n            [\n              -137.8125,\n              58.75680543225761\n            ],\n            [\n              -137.8125,\n              55.60317816902704\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a56fbe4b0c8380cd6d986","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":446395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gill, V.A.","contributorId":35498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"V.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mulcahy, D.M.","contributorId":43302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulcahy","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":446394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70034455,"text":"70034455 - 2011 - Expansion rate and geometry of floating vegetation mats on the margins of thermokarst lakes, northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-20T16:04:25.430649","indexId":"70034455","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Expansion rate and geometry of floating vegetation mats on the margins of thermokarst lakes, northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Investigations on the northern Seward Peninsula in Alaska identified zones of recent (&lt;50 years) permafrost collapse that led to the formation of floating vegetation mats along thermokarst lake margins. The occurrence of floating vegetation mat features indicates rapid degradation of near‐surface permafrost and lake expansion. This paper reports on the recent expansion of these collapse features and their geometry is determined using geophysical and remote sensing measurements. The vegetation mats were observed to have an average thickness of 0.57 m and petrophysical modeling indicated that gas content of 1.5–5% enabled floatation above the lake surface. Furthermore, geophysical investigation provides evidence that the mats form by thaw and subsidence of the underlying permafrost rather than terrestrialization. The temperature of the water below a vegetation mat was observed to remain above freezing late in the winter. Analysis of satellite and aerial imagery indicates that these features have expanded at maximum rates of 1–2 m yr</span><sup>‐1</sup><span>&nbsp;over a 56 year period. Including the spatial coverage of floating ‘thermokarst mats’ increases estimates of lake area by as much as 4% in some lakes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/esp.2210","issn":"01979337","usgsCitation":"Parsekian, A., Jones, B.M., Jones, M., Grosse, G., Walter, A.K., and Slater, L., 2011, Expansion rate and geometry of floating vegetation mats on the margins of thermokarst lakes, northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska, USA: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 36, no. 14, p. 1889-1897, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.2210.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1889","endPage":"1897","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":244826,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216924,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.2210"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Seward Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -169.013671875,\n              64.09140752262307\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.79638671875,\n              64.09140752262307\n            ],\n            [\n              -158.79638671875,\n              67.20403234340081\n            ],\n            [\n              -169.013671875,\n              67.20403234340081\n            ],\n            [\n              -169.013671875,\n              64.09140752262307\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"36","issue":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0db7e4b0c8380cd5316b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parsekian, A.D.","contributorId":60048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsekian","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Benjamin M. 0000-0002-1517-4711 bjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1517-4711","contributorId":2286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Benjamin","email":"bjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":445874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, M.","contributorId":32297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grosse, G.","contributorId":82140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grosse","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Walter, Anthony K.M.","contributorId":49633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walter","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"K.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Slater, L.","contributorId":99267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slater","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70034416,"text":"70034416 - 2011 - Evaluating gull diets: A comparison of conventional methods and stable isotope analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T11:33:06","indexId":"70034416","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating gull diets: A comparison of conventional methods and stable isotope analysis","docAbstract":"<p><span>Samples such as regurgitated pellets and food remains have traditionally been used in studies of bird diets, but these can produce biased estimates depending on the digestibility of different foods. Stable isotope analysis has been developed as a method for assessing bird diets that is not biased by digestibility. These two methods may provide complementary or conflicting information on diets of birds, but are rarely compared directly. We analyzed carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of feathers of Glaucous Gull (</span><i>Larus hyperboreus)</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>chicks from eight breeding colonies in northern Alaska, and used a Bayesian mixing model to generate a probability distribution for the contribution of each food group to diets. We compared these model results with probability distributions from conventional diet samples (pellets and food remains) from the same colonies and time periods. Relative to the stable isotope estimates, conventional analysis often overestimated the contributions of birds and small mammals to gull diets and often underestimated the contributions of fish and zooplankton. Both methods gave similar estimates for the contributions of scavenged caribou, miscellaneous marine foods, and garbage to diets. Pellets and food remains therefore may be useful for assessing the importance of garbage relative to certain other foods in diets of gulls and similar birds, but are clearly inappropriate for estimating the potential impact of gulls on birds, small mammals, or fish. However, conventional samples provide more species-level information than stable isotope analysis, so a combined approach would be most useful for diet analysis and assessing a predator's impact on particular prey groups.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1557-9263.2011.00333.x","issn":"02738570","usgsCitation":"Weiser, E., and Powell, A.N., 2011, Evaluating gull diets: A comparison of conventional methods and stable isotope analysis: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 82, no. 3, p. 297-310, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2011.00333.x.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"297","endPage":"310","numberOfPages":"14","ipdsId":"IP-021219","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244660,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":216772,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2011.00333.x"}],"volume":"82","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-08-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0be5e4b0c8380cd5291e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weiser, Emily L.","contributorId":171678,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weiser","given":"Emily L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powell, Abby N. 0000-0002-9783-134X abby_powell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9783-134X","contributorId":171426,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"Abby","email":"abby_powell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":445673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70034326,"text":"70034326 - 2011 - Characteristics of foraging sites and protein status in wintering muskoxen: insights from isotopes of nitrogen","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-04T10:13:21","indexId":"70034326","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2939,"text":"Oikos","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characteristics of foraging sites and protein status in wintering muskoxen: insights from isotopes of nitrogen","docAbstract":"<p><span>Identifying links between nutritional condition of individuals and population trajectories greatly enhances our understanding of the ecology, conservation, and management of wildlife. For northern ungulates, the potential impacts of a changing climate to populations are predicted to be nutritionally mediated through an increase in the severity and variance in winter conditions. Foraging conditions and the availability of body protein as a store for reproduction in late winter may constrain productivity in northern ungulates, yet the link between characteristics of wintering habitats and protein status has not been established for a wild ungulate. We used a non‐invasive proxy of protein status derived from isotopes of N in excreta to evaluate the influence of winter habitats on the protein status of muskoxen in three populations in Alaska (2005–2008). Multiple regression and an information‐theoretic approach were used to compare models that evaluated the influence of population, year, and characteristics of foraging sites (components of diet and physiography) on protein status for groups of muskoxen. The observed variance in protein status among groups of muskoxen across populations and years was partially explained (45%) by local foraging conditions that affected forage availability. Protein status improved for groups of muskoxen as the amount of graminoids in the diet increased (−0.430 ± 0.31, β± 95% CI) and elevation of foraging sites decreased (0.824 ± 0.67). Resources available for reproduction in muskoxen are highly dependent upon demographic, environmental, and physiographic constraints that affect forage availability in winter. Due to their very sedentary nature in winter, muskoxen are highly susceptible to localized foraging conditions; therefore, the spatial variance in resource availability may exert a strong effect on productivity. Consequently, there is a clear need to account for climate–topography effects in winter at multiple scales when predicting the potential impacts of climatic shifts on population trajectories of muskoxen.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0706.2011.19215.x","usgsCitation":"Gustine, D.D., Barboza, P.S., Lawler, J.P., Arthur, S.M., Shults, B.S., Persons, K., and Adams, L., 2011, Characteristics of foraging sites and protein status in wintering muskoxen: insights from isotopes of nitrogen: Oikos, v. 120, no. 10, p. 1546-1556, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0706.2011.19215.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1546","endPage":"1556","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":244719,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"120","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-03-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f498e4b0c8380cd4bde6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gustine, David D. dgustine@usgs.gov","contributorId":3776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gustine","given":"David","email":"dgustine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":445247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barboza, Perry S.","contributorId":36454,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barboza","given":"Perry","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":13117,"text":"Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":445244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lawler, James P.","contributorId":140458,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lawler","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12462,"text":"U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":445245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Arthur, Stephen M.","contributorId":189438,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arthur","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shults, Brad S.","contributorId":46413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shults","given":"Brad","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Persons, Kate","contributorId":203273,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Persons","given":"Kate","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Adams, Layne G. 0000-0001-6212-2896 ladams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2896","contributorId":2776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Layne G.","email":"ladams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":445249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70034325,"text":"70034325 - 2011 - The role of dyking and fault control in the rapid onset of eruption at Chaitén Volcano, Chile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-12-14T10:02:25","indexId":"70034325","displayToPublicDate":"2011-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2011","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of dyking and fault control in the rapid onset of eruption at Chaitén Volcano, Chile","docAbstract":"Rhyolite is the most viscous of liquid magmas, so it was surprising that on 2 May 2008 at Chaitén Volcano, located in Chile’s southern Andean volcanic zone, rhyolitic magma migrated from more than 5 km depth in less than 4 hours and erupted explosively with only two days of detected precursory seismic activity. The last major rhyolite eruption before that at Chaitén was the largest volcanic eruption in the twentieth century, at Novarupta volcano, Alaska, in 1912. Because of the historically rare and explosive nature of rhyolite eruptions and because of the surprisingly short warning before the eruption of the Chaitén volcano, any information about the workings of the magmatic system at Chaitén, and rhyolitic systems in general, is important from both the scientific and hazard perspectives. Here we present surface deformation data related to the Chaitén eruption based on radar interferometry observations from the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) DAICHI (ALOS) satellite. The data on this explosive rhyolite eruption indicate that the rapid ascent of rhyolite occurred through dyking and that melt segregation and magma storage were controlled by existing faults.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nature","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1038/nature10541","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Wicks, C., De La, L.J., Lara, L., and Lowenstern, J., 2011, The role of dyking and fault control in the rapid onset of eruption at Chaitén Volcano, Chile: Nature, v. 478, no. 7369, p. 374-377, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10541.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"374","endPage":"377","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":216795,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature10541"},{"id":244687,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","otherGeospatial":"Chait�n Volcano","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -72.661085,-42.847669 ], [ -72.661085,-42.827666 ], [ -72.641077,-42.827666 ], [ -72.641077,-42.847669 ], [ -72.661085,-42.847669 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"478","issue":"7369","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-10-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf68e4b08c986b324784","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wicks, Charles 0000-0002-0809-1328","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0809-1328","contributorId":9023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wicks","given":"Charles","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":445240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"De La, Llera J. C. J. C.","contributorId":30482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De La","given":"Llera","suffix":"J. C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lara, L.E.","contributorId":70216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lara","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445243,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lowenstern, J.","contributorId":38746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowenstern","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":445242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
]}