The hybrid cyclone-nor’easter known as Hurricane Sandy affected the mid-Atlantic and northeastern United States during October 28-30, 2012, causing extensive coastal flooding. Prior to storm landfall, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) deployed a temporary monitoring network from Virginia to Maine to record the storm tide and coastal flooding generated by Hurricane Sandy. This sensor network augmented USGS and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) networks of permanent monitoring sites that also documented storm surge. Continuous data from these networks were supplemented by an extensive post-storm high-water-mark (HWM) flagging and surveying campaign. The sensor deployment and HWM campaign were conducted under a directed mission assignment by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). The need for hydrologic interpretation of monitoring data to assist in flood-damage analysis and future flood mitigation prompted the current analysis of Hurricane Sandy by the USGS under this FEMA mission assignment.
\nThe analysis of storm-tide impacts focused on three distinct but related aspects of coastal flooding from Hurricane Sandy, including flooding inland along the tidal reach of the Hudson River. These aspects are (1) comparisons of peak storm-tide elevations to those of historical storms and to annual exceedance probabilities, (2) assessments of storm-surge characteristics, and (3) comparisons of maps of inundation extent that were derived from differing amounts of available storm-tide data. Most peak storm-tide elevations from Hurricane Sandy were greater than about 9.5 feet (ft) above North American Vertical Datum of 1988.
\nPeak storm-tide elevations from Hurricane Sandy were compared with data for the intense nor’easter of December 11–13, 1992, and Hurricane Irene (August 27–28, 2011), which weakened to a tropical storm before arriving in New York. Peak storm-tide elevations from Hurricane Sandy were higher than those from the December 1992 nor’easter at 24 of 27 sites; most differences were greater than about 0.7 ft or 9 percent (above the historical storm tide). Peak storm-tide elevations from Hurricane Sandy were higher than those from Tropical Storm Irene at all sites; most differences were greater than about 2.5 ft or 48 percent. Data from permanent and temporary monitoring sites and HWM sites were compared with corresponding FEMA flood elevations for the 10-, 2-, 1-, and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probabilities in New York. Peak storm-tide elevations from Hurricane Sandy had annual exceedance probabilities less than or equal to 1 percent and (or) greater than 0.2 percent at a plurality of sites—184 of 413. Peak storm-tide elevations greater than or equal to the 0.2-percent flood elevation accounted for 81 of 413 sites. Peak storm-tide elevations less than the 10-percent flood elevation accounted for only 10 of 413 sites.
\nData from selected permanent monitoring sites in the USGS and NOAA networks were used to assess storm-surge magnitude associated with the peak storm tide, and magnitude and timing of the peak storm surge. Most magnitudes of the peak storm surge were greater than about 8.3 ft, and most magnitudes of the storm surge component of the peak storm tide were greater than about 7.8 ft. Timing of peak storm surge arrival with respect to local phase of tide controlled where the most extreme peak storm-tide levels and coastal flooding occurred. This finding has bearing not only for locations impacted by the highest storm tides from Hurricane Sandy, but also for those that had the greatest storm surges yet were spared the worst flooding because of fortuitous timing during this storm.
\nResults of FEMA Hazus Program (HAZUS) flood loss analyses performed for New York counties were compared for extents of storm-tide inundation from Hurricane Sandy mapped (1) pre-storm, (2) on November 11, 2012, and (3) on February 14, 2013. The resulting depictions of estimated total building stock losses document how differing amounts of available USGS data affect the resolution and accuracy of storm-tide inundation extents. Using the most accurate results from the final (February 14, 2013) inundation extent, estimated losses range from $380 million to $5.9 billion for individual New York counties; total estimated aggregate losses are about $23 billion for all New York counties. Quality of the inundation extents used in HAZUS analyses has a substantial effect on final results. These findings can be used to inform future post-storm reconstruction planning and estimation of insurance claims.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155036","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency","usgsCitation":"Schubert, C.E., Busciolano, Ronald, Hearn, P.P., Jr., Rahav, A.N., Behrens, Riley, Finkelstein, Jason, Monti, Jack, Jr., and Simonson, A.E., 2015, Analysis of storm-tide impacts from Hurricane Sandy in New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5036, 75 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155036.","productDescription":"iv, 75 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"75","numberOfPages":"79","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052333","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305838,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5036/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":305840,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5036/sir20155036.pdf","text":"Report","size":"13 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5036"},{"id":306207,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5036/sir20155036_printversion.pdf","text":"Report - Print Version","size":"19,468 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5036"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.805908203125,\n 40.371658891506094\n ],\n [\n -74.805908203125,\n 42.827638636242284\n ],\n [\n -71.5869140625,\n 42.827638636242284\n ],\n [\n -71.5869140625,\n 40.371658891506094\n ],\n [\n -74.805908203125,\n 40.371658891506094\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2045 Route 112, Building 4
Coram, NY 11727
http://ny.water.usgs.gov
Digital flood-inundation maps for a 6-mile reach of the Hohokus Brook in New Jersey from White's Lake Dam in Waldwick Borough, through Ho-Ho-Kus Borough to Grove Street in the Village of Ridgewood were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. The flood inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation, depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at the USGS streamgage on the Hohokus Brook at Ho-Ho-Kus, New Jersey (station number 01391000). Stage data at this streamgage may be obtained on the Internet from the USGS National Water Information System at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/uv?site_no=01391000 or the National Weather Service (NWS) Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service at http://water.weather.gov/ahps2/hydrograph.php?gage=hohn4&wfo=okx.
\nFlood profiles were simulated for the stream reach by means of a one-dimensional step-backwater model. The model was calibrated using the most current stage-discharge relation at the Hohokus Brook at Ho-Ho-Kus, New Jersey, streamgage (station number 01391000). The hydraulic model was then used to compute 12 water-surface profiles for flood stages at 0.5-foot (ft) intervals referenced to the streamgage datum and ranging from 2.5 ft, the NWS “action stage” or near bankfull, to 8.0 ft, which exceeds the stage that corresponds to the maximum recorded peak flow (7.32 ft) and is the extent of the current stage-discharge relation for the streamgage. The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a geographic information system 3-meter (9.84 ft) digital elevation model [derived from light detection and ranging (lidar) data] to delineate the area flooded at each water level.
\nThe availability of these maps along with information on the Internet regarding current stage from the USGS streamgage will provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for post-flood recovery efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155064","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection","usgsCitation":"Watson, K.M., and Niemoczynski, M.J., 2015, Flood-Inundation maps for the Hohokus Brook in Waldwick Borough, Ho-Ho-Kus Borough, and the Village of Ridgewood, New Jersey, 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5064, 12 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155064.","productDescription":"v, 12 p.","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-053102","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305705,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5064/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":305706,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5064/sir20155064.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5064"},{"id":305707,"rank":3,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5064/downloads/depth_raster/","text":"Depth_Raster","size":"112 MB","description":"XML, ovr, adf, and Other Files"},{"id":305708,"rank":4,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5064/downloads/KML/","text":"KML","size":"116 KB","description":"KMZ"},{"id":305709,"rank":5,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5064/downloads/readme.txt","text":"Readme","size":"9.72 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"Readme"},{"id":305710,"rank":6,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5064/downloads/water_surface_final/","text":"Water Data","size":"1.43 MB","linkFileType":{"id":4,"text":"shapefile"},"description":"Water Surface"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.09042358398438,\n 40.86627605595889\n ],\n [\n -74.09042358398438,\n 40.914550362677204\n ],\n [\n -74.01592254638672,\n 40.914550362677204\n ],\n [\n -74.01592254638672,\n 40.86627605595889\n ],\n [\n -74.09042358398438,\n 40.86627605595889\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New Jersey Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3450 Princeton Pike, Suite 110
Lawrenceville, NJ 08648
http://nj.usgs.gov/
","tableOfContents":"
Stakeholders and water-resource managers in Lincoln County, New Mexico, have had long-standing concerns over the impact of population growth and groundwater withdrawals. These concerns have been exacerbated in recent years by extreme drought conditions and two major wildfires in the upper Rio Hondo Basin, located in south-central New Mexico. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with Lincoln County, initiated a study in 2006 to assess and characterize water resources in the upper Rio Hondo Basin. Data collected during water years 2010–13 are presented and interpreted in this report. All data presented in this report are described in water years unless stated otherwise.
\nAnnual mean streamflow at the Rio Ruidoso at Hollywood, N. Mex., streamflow-gaging station was less than 50 percent of the average streamflow during 2011–13 and was of similar magnitude to annual mean streamflow values measured during the drought of the 1950s. The first zero-streamflow values for the period of record (1954–2013) were recorded at the Rio Ruidoso at Hollywood, N. Mex., streamflow-gaging station on June 27–29, 2013. The lowest annual mean streamflow on record (1969–80; 1988–2013) occurred in 2011 at the Eagle Creek below South Fork near Alto, N. Mex., streamflow-gaging station, with the station recording zero streamflow for approximately 50 percent of the year.
\nDiscrete and continuous groundwater-level measurements indicated basinwide water-level declines during drought conditions in 2011–13. The average water-level change among 37 wells in which discrete groundwater-level measurements were collected was -7.6 ft from 2010 to 2013. The largest water-level declines were observed in the upper reaches of the Rio Bonito and Rio Ruidoso watersheds, and smaller declines were observed in the lower reaches of the watersheds. In general, water-level changes observed during 2010–13 were on the order of decadal-scale changes that previously have been observed in the upper Rio Hondo Basin.
\nStable-isotope data indicate that high-elevation winter precipitation generally contributes more to groundwater recharge than summer rains, except when there are large summer recharge events. This implies that little recharge is occurring at the lower elevations in the upper Rio Hondo Basin because these areas receive a smaller amount of total precipitation, receive a smaller proportion of the annual total falling as winter precipitation, and have higher average temperatures that result in more evaporative losses. Groundwater in the upper Rio Hondo Basin is a mix of younger and older water, and recharge likely is occurring primarily at higher elevations but there may be some areas where localized recharge is occurring at lower elevations.
\nSurface-water- and groundwater-quality results from samples collected in 2012–13 were examined to characterize overall chemistry and were compared to historical waterquality data from streams in the upper Rio Hondo Basin collected during 1926–57. In general, specific conductance showed an increasing trend moving eastward (downstream) through the upper Rio Hondo Basin in surface-water and groundwater samples. Surface-water and groundwater samples appear to have similar overall major-ion chemical characteristics when compared to historical water-quality data. Geology was found to influence the chemical characteristics of surface-water and groundwater samples, with relatively higher concentrations of sulfate occurring in samples collected at lower elevations in the Permian regional aquifer system.
\nSurface-water sample results also were analyzed to determine differences in unfiltered and filtered water-quality samples of streams in burned and unburned watersheds after the occurrence of the Little Bear Fire in June 2012. Samples were collected after postfire monsoon rain events and during periods of stable hydrologic conditions. The first postfire monsoon rain event in July 2012 generally produced the highest measured concentrations of selected fire-related constituents in unfiltered samples collected in the burned watersheds relative to later samples collected in burned watersheds and all samples collected in the unburned watershed. Monsoon rain events have impacted water quality by delivering larger sediment loads and fire-related constituents into streams in the upper Rio Hondo Basin.
\nChanges in climate and increased groundwater and surface-water use are likely to affect the availability of water in the upper Rio Hondo Basin. Increased drought probably will increase the potential for wildfires, which can affect downstream water quality and increase flood potential. Climate-research predicted decreases in winter precipitation may have an adverse effect on the amount of groundwater recharge that occurs in the upper Rio Hondo Basin, given the predominance of winter precipitation recharge as indicated by the stable isotope results. Decreases in surface-water supplies because of persistent drought conditions and reductions in the quality of water because of the effects of wildfire may lead to a larger reliance on groundwater reserves in the upper Rio Hondo Basin. Decreasing water levels because of increasing groundwater withdrawal could reduce base flows in the Rio Bonito and Rio Ruidoso. Well organized and scientifically supported regional water-resources management will be necessary for dealing with the likely scenario of increases in demand coupled with decreases in supply in the upper Rio Hondo Basin.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155086","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Lincoln County, New Mexico","usgsCitation":"Sherson, L.R. and Rice, S.E., 2015, Water resources during drought conditions and postfire water quality in the upper Rio Hondo Basin, Lincoln County, New Mexico, 2010–13: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5086, 56 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155086.","productDescription":"vii, 56 p.","numberOfPages":"67","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058239","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305800,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5086/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":305801,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5086/sir20155086.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.79 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5086"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","county":"Lincoln County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.20208740234375,\n 33.40163829558248\n ],\n [\n -106.20208740234375,\n 34.31394984163214\n ],\n [\n -104.70794677734374,\n 34.31394984163214\n ],\n [\n -104.70794677734374,\n 33.40163829558248\n ],\n [\n -106.20208740234375,\n 33.40163829558248\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New Mexico Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5338 Montgomery Blvd NE, Suite 400
Albuquerque, NM 87109
http://nm.water.usgs.gov/
Lacustrine groundwater discharge (LGD) transports nutrients from a catchment to a lake, which may fuel eutrophication, one of the major threats to our fresh waters. Unfortunately, LGD has often been disregarded in lake nutrient studies. Most measurement techniques are based on separate determinations of volume and nutrient concentration of LGD: Loads are calculated by multiplying seepage volumes by concentrations of exfiltrating water. Typically low phosphorus (P) concentrations of pristine groundwater often are increased due to anthropogenic sources such as fertilizer, manure or sewage. Mineralization of naturally present organic matter might also increase groundwater P. Reducing redox conditions favour P transport through the aquifer to the reactive aquifer-lake interface. In some cases, large decreases of P concentrations may occur at the interface, for example, due to increased oxygen availability, while in other cases, there is nearly no decrease in P. The high reactivity of the interface complicates quantification of groundwater-borne P loads to the lake, making difficult clear differentiation of internal and external P loads to surface water. Anthropogenic sources of nitrogen (N) in groundwater are similar to those of phosphate. However, the environmental fate of N differs fundamentally from P because N occurs in several different redox states, each with different mobility. While nitrate behaves essentially conservatively in most oxic aquifers, ammonium's mobility is similar to that of phosphate. Nitrate may be transformed to gaseous N2 in reducing conditions and permanently removed from the system. Biogeochemical turnover of N is common at the reactive aquifer-lake interface. Nutrient loads from LGD were compiled from the literature. Groundwater-borne P loads vary from 0.74 to 2900 mg PO4-P m−2 year−1; for N, these loads vary from 0.001 to 640 g m−2 year−1. Even small amounts of seepage can carry large nutrient loads due to often high nutrient concentrations in groundwater. Large spatial heterogeneity, uncertain areal extent of the interface and difficult accessibility make every determination of LGD a challenge. However, determinations of LGD are essential to effective lake management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10384","usgsCitation":"Lewandowski, J., Meinikmann, K., Nutzmann, G., and Rosenberry, D.O., 2015, Groundwater – The disregarded component in lake water and nutrient budgets. Part 2: effects of groundwater on nutrients: Hydrological Processes, v. 29, no. 13, p. 2922-2955, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10384.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"2922","endPage":"2955","ipdsId":"IP-053820","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344564,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"13","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5984364ae4b0e2f5d46653cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewandowski, Jorg","contributorId":195317,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewandowski","given":"Jorg","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meinikmann, Karin","contributorId":195318,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meinikmann","given":"Karin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nutzmann, Gunnar","contributorId":195319,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nutzmann","given":"Gunnar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70148009,"text":"ofr20151095 - 2015 - Design and methods of the Southeast Stream Quality Assessment (SESQA), 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-11T15:33:59","indexId":"ofr20151095","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-15T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1095","title":"Design and methods of the Southeast Stream Quality Assessment (SESQA), 2014","docAbstract":"During 2014, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA) assessed stream quality across the Piedmont and southern Appalachian Mountain regions of the southeastern United States. This Southeast Stream Quality Assessment (SESQA) simultaneously characterized watershed and stream-reach water-quality stressors along with instream biological conditions, in order to better understand regional stressor-effects relations. The goal of SESQA is to provide communities and policymakers with information about those human and environmental factors that have the greatest impact on stream quality across the region. The SESQA design focused on hydrologic alteration and urbanization because of their importance as ecological stressors of particular concern to Southeast region resource managers.
\nStreamflow and land-use data were used to identify and select sites representing gradients in urbanization and streamflow alteration across the region. One hundred fifteen sites were selected and sampled for as many as 10 weeks during April, May, and June 2014 for contaminants, nutrients, and sediment. This water-quality “index” period culminated with an ecological survey of habitat, periphyton, benthic macroinvertebrates, and fish at all sites. Sediment was collected during the ecological survey for analysis of sediment chemistry and toxicity testing. Of the 115 sites, 59 were on streams in watersheds with varying degrees of urban land use, 5 were on streams with multiple confined animal feeding operations, and 13 were reference sites with little or no development in their watersheds. The remaining 38 “hydro” sites were on streams in watersheds with relatively little agricultural or urban development but with hydrologic alteration, such as a dam or reservoir.
\nThis report provides a detailed description of the SESQA study components, including surveys of ecological conditions, routine water sampling, deployment of passive polar organic compound integrative samplers for pesticides and contaminants of emerging concern, and synoptic sediment sampling and toxicity testing at all urban, confined animal feeding operation, and reference sites. Continuous water-quality monitoring and daily pesticide sampling efforts conducted at a subset of urban sites are also described.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151095","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Water-Quality Assessment Program","usgsCitation":"Journey, C.A., Van Metre, P.C., Bell, A.H., Garrett, J.D., Button, D.T., Nakagaki, N., Qi, S.L., and Bradley, P.M., 2015, Design and methods of the Southeast Stream Quality Assessment (SESQA), 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1095, 46 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151095.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 46 p.; 3 Appendices","numberOfPages":"58","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-063365","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305724,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1095/ofr20151095_appendix2.xlsx","text":"Appendix 2","size":"89 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Description of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory Schedules Used for Water, Sediment, and Periphyton"},{"id":305722,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1095/ofr20151095.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1095"},{"id":305723,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1095/ofr20151095_appendix1.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1","size":"560 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Description of the Sampling Timelines, Matrix, Collection, and Processing for Water, Sediment, and Ecological Samples"},{"id":305725,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1095/ofr20151095_appendix3.xlsx","text":"Appendix 3","size":"50 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"Counts of Environmental (Environ), Field Blank, Replicate (Rep), and Spike Samples of Streamwater by Site and Laboratory Analysis From the 115 Stream Sites Sampled in the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Southeastern Stream Quality Assessment (SESQA) Study in 2014"},{"id":305721,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1095/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.51953125,\n 39.13006024213511\n ],\n [\n -77.89306640625,\n 38.788345355085625\n ],\n [\n -77.1240234375,\n 38.976492485539424\n ],\n [\n -76.79443359375,\n 38.788345355085625\n ],\n [\n -77.431640625,\n 38.22091976683121\n ],\n [\n -77.27783203125,\n 37.85750715625203\n ],\n [\n -77.05810546875,\n 37.23032838760387\n ],\n [\n -77.34374999999999,\n 36.54494944148322\n ],\n [\n -77.58544921874999,\n 36.049098959065645\n ],\n [\n -78.64013671875,\n 35.35321610123821\n ],\n [\n -79.40917968749999,\n 35.22767235493586\n ],\n [\n -79.89257812499999,\n 34.77771580360469\n ],\n [\n -80.2001953125,\n 34.43409789359469\n ],\n [\n -80.7275390625,\n 34.08906131584996\n ],\n [\n -81.27685546875,\n 33.50475906922606\n ],\n [\n -81.80419921875,\n 33.211116472416855\n ],\n [\n -83.1884765625,\n 32.80574473290688\n ],\n [\n -84.66064453125,\n 32.379961464357315\n ],\n [\n -85.078125,\n 32.287132632616355\n ],\n [\n -86.572265625,\n 32.24997445586331\n ],\n [\n -87.3193359375,\n 32.602361666817515\n ],\n [\n -86.90185546874999,\n 33.358061612778876\n ],\n [\n -86.2646484375,\n 34.14363482031264\n ],\n [\n -85.58349609375,\n 34.92197103616377\n ],\n [\n -83.82568359375,\n 36.58024660149866\n ],\n [\n -81.4306640625,\n 37.35269280367274\n ],\n [\n -80.39794921875,\n 37.77071473849609\n ],\n [\n -79.7607421875,\n 38.65119833229951\n ],\n [\n -79.38720703125,\n 38.685509760012\n ],\n [\n -78.7060546875,\n 39.21523130910493\n ],\n [\n -78.3544921875,\n 39.53793974517628\n ],\n [\n -77.51953125,\n 39.13006024213511\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
North Carolina–South Carolina–Georgia
720 Gracern Road, Suite 129
Columbia, SC 29210
http://www.usgs.gov/water/southatlantic/
","tableOfContents":"
Hydrologic data and conditions throughout Rhode Island during water year 2014 are presented in this report. Stream discharge and groundwater level conditions varied geographically across the State. Ten streamgages reached record-low minimum monthly mean discharges during the year, and a record-high maximum groundwater level was observed at one groundwater well.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151127","usgsCitation":"Verdi, R.J., and Socolow, R.S., 2015, Hydrologic conditions in Rhode Island during water year 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1127, 8 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151127.","productDescription":"iv, 8 p.","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065518","costCenters":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305738,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1127/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":305739,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1127/ofr20151127.pdf","text":"Report","size":"875 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1127"}],"country":"United States","state":"Rhode Island","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-71.383586,41.464782],[-71.389284,41.460605],[-71.390275,41.455043],[-71.399568,41.448596],[-71.40056,41.46094],[-71.395927,41.492215],[-71.386511,41.493071],[-71.378914,41.504948],[-71.391005,41.514578],[-71.392137,41.524468],[-71.384478,41.556736],[-71.379021,41.567772],[-71.373618,41.573214],[-71.370194,41.573963],[-71.36356,41.57086],[-71.359868,41.556308],[-71.363292,41.501952],[-71.360403,41.483121],[-71.380947,41.474561],[-71.383586,41.464782]]],[[[-71.326769,41.491286],[-71.325365,41.487601],[-71.327822,41.482985],[-71.343013,41.495615],[-71.341122,41.498598],[-71.326769,41.491286]]],[[[-71.140588,41.605102],[-71.138599,41.60347],[-71.137492,41.602561],[-71.131618,41.593918],[-71.131312,41.592308],[-71.1224,41.522156],[-71.12057,41.497448],[-71.136867,41.493942],[-71.141093,41.489937],[-71.140224,41.485855],[-71.167345,41.471405],[-71.170131,41.463974],[-71.19302,41.457931],[-71.194967,41.459037],[-71.196857,41.461116],[-71.196607,41.464756],[-71.190016,41.478275],[-71.190167,41.484285],[-71.19939,41.491769],[-71.199692,41.495511],[-71.206382,41.499215],[-71.200788,41.514371],[-71.213563,41.545818],[-71.20865,41.571028],[-71.20778,41.60066],[-71.212656,41.610072],[-71.212417,41.61829],[-71.212004,41.62299],[-71.21616,41.62549],[-71.240709,41.619225],[-71.2436,41.587508],[-71.23613,41.574767],[-71.236642,41.535852],[-71.234775,41.532538],[-71.227989,41.528297],[-71.229444,41.521544],[-71.240614,41.500557],[-71.238586,41.486845],[-71.237175,41.486546],[-71.236751,41.483369],[-71.24071,41.474872],[-71.246703,41.47196],[-71.245992,41.481302],[-71.252692,41.485902],[-71.264793,41.488902],[-71.285639,41.487805],[-71.295111,41.48435],[-71.304394,41.454502],[-71.311394,41.450802],[-71.312694,41.451402],[-71.312718,41.454597],[-71.32141,41.4556],[-71.337695,41.448902],[-71.351096,41.450802],[-71.362743,41.460379],[-71.36152,41.464831],[-71.34707,41.47123],[-71.335992,41.469647],[-71.316519,41.47756],[-71.317414,41.488776],[-71.323125,41.503088],[-71.327804,41.504258],[-71.330694,41.507699],[-71.330831,41.518364],[-71.313079,41.534672],[-71.310533,41.54692],[-71.303652,41.559925],[-71.294363,41.571416],[-71.288376,41.573274],[-71.285142,41.577127],[-71.273445,41.60699],[-71.272412,41.615041],[-71.275234,41.619444],[-71.271862,41.623986],[-71.251082,41.63878],[-71.212136,41.641945],[-71.19564,41.67509],[-71.194384,41.674803],[-71.191178,41.674216],[-71.191175,41.674292],[-71.18129,41.672502],[-71.17599,41.671402],[-71.17609,41.668502],[-71.17609,41.668102],[-71.153989,41.664102],[-71.14587,41.662795],[-71.135188,41.660502],[-71.134688,41.660502],[-71.132888,41.660102],[-71.13267,41.658744],[-71.134478,41.641262],[-71.134484,41.641198],[-71.135688,41.628402],[-71.140468,41.623893],[-71.141509,41.616076],[-71.14091,41.607405],[-71.140588,41.605102]]],[[[-71.3312,41.580318],[-71.335949,41.585898],[-71.337048,41.594688],[-71.333751,41.605859],[-71.329559,41.609097],[-71.326609,41.616114],[-71.325877,41.623988],[-71.333305,41.629536],[-71.34657,41.632229],[-71.362869,41.651457],[-71.366165,41.66098],[-71.348402,41.663727],[-71.338696,41.658782],[-71.336182,41.647961],[-71.337048,41.646146],[-71.342514,41.644791],[-71.343666,41.6399],[-71.330711,41.632992],[-71.314889,41.630398],[-71.30555,41.622523],[-71.303352,41.606591],[-71.307381,41.597984],[-71.317474,41.583187],[-71.326103,41.578583],[-71.3312,41.580318]]],[[[-71.281571,41.648207],[-71.278171,41.647309],[-71.274315,41.638125],[-71.283791,41.637797],[-71.286755,41.642725],[-71.283005,41.644434],[-71.281571,41.648207]]],[[[-71.58955,41.196557],[-71.580228,41.204837],[-71.577301,41.21471],[-71.576661,41.224434],[-71.573785,41.228436],[-71.561093,41.224207],[-71.555006,41.216822],[-71.554067,41.212957],[-71.557459,41.204542],[-71.564119,41.195372],[-71.565752,41.184373],[-71.560969,41.176186],[-71.550226,41.166787],[-71.544446,41.164912],[-71.543872,41.161321],[-71.547051,41.153684],[-71.551953,41.151718],[-71.5937,41.146339],[-71.599993,41.146932],[-71.611706,41.153239],[-71.613133,41.160281],[-71.605565,41.182139],[-71.594994,41.188392],[-71.58955,41.196557]]],[[[-71.797649,41.928556],[-71.797922,41.935395],[-71.799242,42.008065],[-71.76601,42.009745],[-71.576908,42.014098],[-71.559439,42.014342],[-71.527606,42.014998],[-71.527306,42.015098],[-71.500905,42.017098],[-71.499905,42.017198],[-71.498258,42.01722],[-71.458104,42.017762],[-71.381401,42.018798],[-71.381466,41.984998],[-71.381501,41.966699],[-71.381401,41.964799],[-71.3816,41.922899],[-71.3817,41.922699],[-71.3817,41.893199],[-71.3766,41.893999],[-71.373799,41.894399],[-71.370999,41.894599],[-71.365399,41.895299],[-71.364699,41.895399],[-71.362499,41.895599],[-71.354699,41.896499],[-71.352699,41.896699],[-71.338698,41.898399],[-71.339298,41.893599],[-71.339298,41.893399],[-71.340798,41.8816],[-71.333997,41.8623],[-71.342198,41.8448],[-71.341797,41.8437],[-71.335197,41.8355],[-71.337597,41.8337],[-71.339597,41.832],[-71.344897,41.828],[-71.347197,41.8231],[-71.339197,41.809],[-71.338897,41.8083],[-71.339297,41.8065],[-71.339297,41.8044],[-71.340797,41.8002],[-71.340697,41.7983],[-71.339297,41.7963],[-71.335797,41.7948],[-71.333896,41.7945],[-71.332196,41.7923],[-71.329296,41.7868],[-71.329396,41.7826],[-71.327896,41.780501],[-71.317795,41.776101],[-71.31779,41.776099],[-71.261392,41.752301],[-71.225709,41.711603],[-71.224798,41.710498],[-71.227875,41.705498],[-71.240991,41.697744],[-71.237635,41.681635],[-71.24155,41.667205],[-71.25956,41.642595],[-71.267055,41.644945],[-71.270075,41.652439],[-71.26918,41.6549],[-71.280366,41.672575],[-71.287637,41.672463],[-71.290546,41.662395],[-71.299159,41.649531],[-71.301396,41.649978],[-71.303746,41.654788],[-71.306095,41.672575],[-71.302627,41.681747],[-71.298935,41.681524],[-71.293119,41.688347],[-71.291217,41.702666],[-71.305759,41.718662],[-71.31482,41.723808],[-71.342786,41.728506],[-71.350057,41.727835],[-71.353172,41.725191],[-71.353748,41.724702],[-71.365717,41.711615],[-71.365717,41.694947],[-71.372988,41.672575],[-71.37791,41.666646],[-71.382049,41.667317],[-71.38988,41.671903],[-71.390775,41.680629],[-71.389432,41.683425],[-71.390551,41.684096],[-71.418069,41.684208],[-71.441336,41.686446],[-71.443082,41.688303],[-71.441896,41.690025],[-71.445923,41.691144],[-71.449318,41.687401],[-71.444468,41.664409],[-71.430038,41.667541],[-71.425452,41.670785],[-71.409302,41.662643],[-71.408636,41.653819],[-71.40377,41.589321],[-71.447712,41.5804],[-71.442567,41.565075],[-71.421649,41.537892],[-71.417398,41.534536],[-71.414825,41.523126],[-71.414937,41.516303],[-71.421425,41.498629],[-71.419971,41.484758],[-71.417957,41.482073],[-71.417621,41.477934],[-71.418404,41.472652],[-71.421157,41.469888],[-71.422991,41.472682],[-71.430744,41.470636],[-71.430926,41.465655],[-71.427935,41.459529],[-71.428652,41.454158],[-71.433612,41.444995],[-71.43767,41.441302],[-71.441199,41.441602],[-71.448948,41.438479],[-71.455845,41.432986],[-71.455371,41.407962],[-71.474918,41.386104],[-71.483295,41.371722],[-71.513401,41.374702],[-71.526724,41.376636],[-71.555381,41.373316],[-71.624505,41.36087],[-71.68807,41.342823],[-71.701631,41.336968],[-71.72074,41.331567],[-71.773702,41.327977],[-71.785957,41.325739],[-71.833755,41.315631],[-71.857432,41.306318],[-71.862772,41.309791],[-71.862109,41.316612],[-71.860513,41.320248],[-71.839013,41.334042],[-71.829595,41.344544],[-71.835951,41.353935],[-71.837738,41.363529],[-71.831613,41.370899],[-71.833443,41.384524],[-71.842131,41.395359],[-71.843472,41.40583],[-71.842563,41.409855],[-71.839649,41.412119],[-71.81839,41.419599],[-71.797683,41.416709],[-71.789359,41.596852],[-71.789356,41.59691],[-71.787637,41.639917],[-71.786994,41.655992],[-71.789672,41.724569],[-71.789678,41.724734],[-71.791062,41.770273],[-71.792767,41.807001],[-71.792786,41.80867],[-71.794161,41.840141],[-71.794161,41.841101],[-71.797649,41.928556]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Rhode Island\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","contact":"Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
10 Bearfoot Road
Northborough, MA 01532
http://ma.water.usgs.gov
http://ri.water.usgs.gov
Dust deposition onto mountain snow cover in the Upper Colorado River Basin frequently occurs in the spring when wind speeds and dust emission peaks on the nearby Colorado Plateau. Dust loading has increased since the intensive settlement in the western USA in the mid 1880s. The effects of dust-on-snow have been well studied at Senator Beck Basin Study Area (SBBSA) in the San Juan Mountains, CO, the first high-altitude area of contact for predominantly southwesterly winds transporting dust from the southern Colorado Plateau. To capture variability in dust transport from the broader Colorado Plateau and dust deposition across a larger area of the Colorado River water sources, an additional study plot was established in 2009 on Grand Mesa, 150 km to the north of SBBSA in west central, CO. Here, we compare the 4-year (2010–2013) dust source, deposition, and radiative forcing records at Grand Mesa Study Plot (GMSP) and Swamp Angel Study Plot (SASP), SBBSA's subalpine study plot. The study plots have similar site elevations/environments and differ mainly in the amount of dust deposited and ensuing impacts. At SASP, end of year dust concentrations ranged from 0.83 mg g−1 to 4.80 mg g−1, and daily mean spring dust radiative forcing ranged from 50–65 W m−2, advancing melt by 24–49 days. At GMSP, which received 1.0 mg g−1 less dust per season on average, spring radiative forcings of 32–50 W m−2 advanced melt by 15–30 days. Remote sensing imagery showed that observed dust events were frequently associated with dust emission from the southern Colorado Plateau. Dust from these sources generally passed south of GMSP, and back trajectory footprints modelled for observed dust events were commonly more westerly and northerly for GMSP relative to SASP. These factors suggest that although the southern Colorado Plateau contains important dust sources, dust contributions from other dust sources contribute to dust loading in this region, and likely account for the majority of dust loading at GMSP.
","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons","publisherLocation":"Chichester, Sussex, England","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10569","usgsCitation":"Skiles, S.M., Painter, T.H., Belnap, J., Holland, L., Reynolds, R.L., Goldstein, H.L., and Lin, J., 2015, Regional variability in dust-on-snow processes and impacts in the Upper Colorado River Basin: Hydrological Processes, v. 29, no. 26, p. 5397-5413, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10569.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"5397","endPage":"5413","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066323","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308422,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"26","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5603cd58e4b03bc34f544b37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skiles, S. McKenzie","contributorId":147878,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skiles","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"McKenzie","affiliations":[{"id":16952,"text":"University of California- Los Angeles, Joint Intitute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Painter, Thomas H.","contributorId":12378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Painter","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belnap, Jayne 0000-0001-7471-2279 jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2279","contributorId":1332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belnap","given":"Jayne","email":"jayne_belnap@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holland, Lacey","contributorId":147879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holland","given":"Lacey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16953,"text":"University of Utah, Atmospheric Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reynolds, Richard L. 0000-0002-4572-2942 rreynolds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-2942","contributorId":147880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Richard","email":"rreynolds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":271,"text":"Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Goldstein, Harland L. 0000-0002-6092-8818 hgoldstein@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6092-8818","contributorId":147881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldstein","given":"Harland","email":"hgoldstein@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":573102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lin, J.","contributorId":33065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lin","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70189891,"text":"70189891 - 2015 - Formation of mercury sulfide from Hg(II)−thiolate complexes in natural organic matter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:33:53","indexId":"70189891","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Formation of mercury sulfide from Hg(II)−thiolate complexes in natural organic matter","docAbstract":"Methylmercury is the environmental form of neurotoxic mercury that is biomagnified in the food chain. Methylation rates are reduced when the metal is sequestered in crystalline mercury sulfides or bound to thiol groups in macromolecular natural organic matter. Mercury sulfide minerals are known to nucleate in anoxic zones, by reaction of the thiol-bound mercury with biogenic sulfide, but not in oxic environments. We present experimental evidence that mercury sulfide forms from thiol-bound mercury alone in aqueous dark systems in contact with air. The maximum amount of nanoparticulate mercury sulfide relative to thiol-bound mercury obtained by reacting dissolved mercury and soil organic matter matches that detected in the organic horizon of a contaminated soil situated downstream from Oak Ridge, TN, in the United States. The nearly identical ratios of the two forms of mercury in field and experimental systems suggest a common reaction mechanism for nucleating the mineral. We identified a chemical reaction mechanism that is thermodynamically favorable in which thiol-bound mercury polymerizes to mercury–sulfur clusters. The clusters form by elimination of sulfur from the thiol complexes via breaking of mercury–sulfur bonds as in an alkylation reaction. Addition of sulfide is not required. This nucleation mechanism provides one explanation for how mercury may be immobilized, and eventually sequestered, in oxygenated surface environments.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b02522","usgsCitation":"Alain Manceau, Lemouchi, C., Enescu, M., Gaillot, A., Lanson, M., Magnin, V., Pieter Glatzel, Poulin, B., Ryan, J.N., Aiken, G.R., Gautier-Lunea, I., and Kathryn L. Nagy, 2015, Formation of mercury sulfide from Hg(II)−thiolate complexes in natural organic matter: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 49, no. 16, p. 9787-9796, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b02522.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"9787","endPage":"9796","ipdsId":"IP-064729","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344453,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.4024658203125,\n 35.87792352995116\n ],\n [\n -84.08660888671875,\n 35.87792352995116\n ],\n [\n -84.08660888671875,\n 36.053540128339755\n ],\n [\n -84.4024658203125,\n 36.053540128339755\n ],\n [\n -84.4024658203125,\n 35.87792352995116\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"16","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5980419ae4b0a38ca2789343","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alain Manceau","contributorId":195252,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alain Manceau","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lemouchi, Cyprien","contributorId":195253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lemouchi","given":"Cyprien","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Enescu, Mironel","contributorId":195254,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Enescu","given":"Mironel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gaillot, Anne-Claire","contributorId":195256,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gaillot","given":"Anne-Claire","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lanson, Martine","contributorId":195257,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lanson","given":"Martine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Magnin, Valerie","contributorId":195258,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Magnin","given":"Valerie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pieter Glatzel","contributorId":195259,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pieter Glatzel","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Poulin, Brett 0000-0002-5555-7733 bpoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5555-7733","contributorId":194253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poulin","given":"Brett","email":"bpoulin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Ryan, Joseph N.","contributorId":54290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":604,"text":"University of Colorado- Boulder","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":706630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Gautier-Lunea, Isabelle","contributorId":195260,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gautier-Lunea","given":"Isabelle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Kathryn L. Nagy","contributorId":195261,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kathryn L. Nagy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70148091,"text":"tm4C4 - 2015 - Design, analysis, and interpretation of field quality-control data for water-sampling projects","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-27T13:58:28.962369","indexId":"tm4C4","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-10T16:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"4-C4","title":"Design, analysis, and interpretation of field quality-control data for water-sampling projects","docAbstract":"The process of obtaining and analyzing water samples from the environment includes a number of steps that can affect the reported result. The equipment used to collect and filter samples, the bottles used for specific subsamples, any added preservatives, sample storage in the field, and shipment to the laboratory have the potential to affect how accurately samples represent the environment from which they were collected. During the early 1990s, the U.S. Geological Survey implemented policies to include the routine collection of quality-control samples in order to evaluate these effects and to ensure that water-quality data were adequately representing environmental conditions. Since that time, the U.S. Geological Survey Office of Water Quality has provided training in how to design effective field quality-control sampling programs and how to evaluate the resultant quality-control data. This report documents that training material and provides a reference for methods used to analyze quality-control data.
\nQuality-control data are those generated from the collection and analysis of quality-control samples, and are used to estimate the magnitude of errors in the process of obtaining environmental data. “Bias” and “variability” are the terms used in this report for the two types of errors in environmental data that are quantified by the data from quality-control samples. Bias is the systematic error inherent in a method or measurement system. Variability is the random error that occurs in independent measurements. The types of field quality-control samples discussed in this report include blanks, spikes, and replicates. Blanks are samples prepared with water that is intended to be free of measurable constituents that will be analyzed by the laboratory; blanks are used to estimate bias caused by contamination. Spiked samples are modified by addition of specific analytes; spikes are used to determine the performance of analytical methods and to estimate the potential bias due to matrix interference or analyte degradation. Replicate samples are two or more samples that are considered to be essentially identical in composition. Replicates are used to evaluate variability in analytical results. Various sub-types of these quality-control samples are defined and discussed in this report, and guidance is provided for incorporating the proper samples into the design for a project. The concept of inference space is introduced to help determine where and when quality-control samples should be collected as well as which environmental samples are related to a set of quality-control samples. The recommended basic quality-control design incorporates project-specific considerations, such as the objectives and scale of the study, and hydrologic and chemical conditions within the study area.
\nThe report provides extensive information about statistical methods used to analyze quality-control data in order to estimate potential bias and variability in environmental data. These methods include construction of confidence intervals on various statistical measures, such as the mean, percentiles and percentages, and standard deviation. The methods are used to compare quality-control results with the larger set of environmental data in order to determine whether the effects of bias and variability might interfere with interpretation of these data. Examples from published reports are presented to illustrate how the methods are applied, how bias and variability are reported, and how the interpretation of environmental data can be qualified based on the quality-control analysis.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section C in Book 4 Hydrologic analysis and interpretation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/tm4C4","usgsCitation":"Mueller, D.K., Schertz, T.L., Martin, J.D., and Sandstrom, M.W., 2015, Design, analysis, and interpretation of field quality-control data for water-sampling projects: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 4-C4, viii, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm4C4.","productDescription":"viii, 54 p.","numberOfPages":"65","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056948","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305661,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tm4C4.jpg"},{"id":305660,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/04/c04/pdf/tm4c4.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.72 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":305622,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/04/c04/"}],"publicComments":"This report is Chapter 4 of Section C in Book 4 Hydrologic analysis and interpretation","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7eee2e4b0bc0bec09edae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mueller, David K. mueller@usgs.gov","contributorId":1585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"David","email":"mueller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schertz, Terry L. tschertz@usgs.gov","contributorId":188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schertz","given":"Terry","email":"tschertz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Martin, Jeffrey D. 0000-0003-1994-5285 jdmartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1994-5285","contributorId":1066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jdmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27231,"text":"Indiana-Kentucky Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sandstrom, Mark W. 0000-0003-0006-5675 sandstro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0006-5675","contributorId":706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandstrom","given":"Mark","email":"sandstro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70154854,"text":"70154854 - 2015 - Climate-water quality relationships in Texas reservoirs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-21T13:19:21","indexId":"70154854","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate-water quality relationships in Texas reservoirs","docAbstract":"Water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and concentrations of salts in surface water bodies can be affected by the natural environment, local human activities such as surface and ground water withdrawals, land use, and energy extraction, and variability and long-term trends in atmospheric conditions including temperature and precipitation. Here, we quantify the relationship between 121 indicators of mean and extreme temperature and precipitation and 24 water quality parameters in 57 Texas reservoirs using observational data records covering the period 1960 to 2010. We find that water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, specific conductance, chloride, sulfate, and phosphorus all show consistent correlations with atmospheric predictors, including high and low temperature extremes, dry days, heavy precipitation events, and mean temperature and precipitation over time scales ranging from one week to two years. Based on this analysis and published future projections for this region, we expect climate change to increase water temperatures, decrease dissolved oxygen levels, decrease pH, increase specific conductance, and increase levels of sulfate, chloride in Texas reservoirs. Over decadal time scales, this may affect aquatic ecosystems in the reservoirs, including altering the risk of conditions conducive to algae occurrence, as well as affecting the quality of water available for human consumption and recreation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Chichester, Sussex, England","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10545","usgsCitation":"Gelca, R., Hayhoe, K., Scott-Fleming, I., Crow, C., Dawson, D., and Patino, R., 2015, Climate-water quality relationships in Texas reservoirs: Hydrological Processes, v. 30, no. 1, p. 12-29, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10545.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"12","endPage":"29","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053869","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305646,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.25976562499999,\n 31.952162238024975\n ],\n [\n -103.271484375,\n 31.989441837922904\n ],\n [\n -103.1396484375,\n 36.56260003738548\n ],\n [\n -99.97558593749999,\n 36.4566360115962\n ],\n [\n -100.01953125,\n 34.488447837809304\n ],\n [\n -99.31640625,\n 34.379712580462204\n ],\n [\n -98.0859375,\n 34.08906131584996\n ],\n [\n -96.6796875,\n 33.90689555128866\n ],\n [\n -95.2294921875,\n 34.19817309627726\n ],\n [\n -94.921875,\n 34.23451236236984\n ],\n [\n -94.130859375,\n 33.61461929233378\n ],\n [\n -93.69140625,\n 32.91648534731439\n ],\n [\n -93.603515625,\n 31.80289258670676\n ],\n [\n -93.2080078125,\n 31.090574094954192\n ],\n [\n -93.55957031249999,\n 30.44867367928756\n ],\n [\n -93.4716796875,\n 29.878755346037977\n ],\n [\n -93.55957031249999,\n 29.49698759653577\n ],\n [\n -94.7900390625,\n 29.420460341013133\n ],\n [\n -94.7900390625,\n 29.152161283318915\n ],\n [\n -96.1962890625,\n 28.34306490482549\n ],\n [\n -96.8994140625,\n 27.800209937418252\n ],\n [\n -97.3388671875,\n 27.137368359795584\n ],\n [\n -97.3388671875,\n 26.43122806450644\n ],\n [\n -97.119140625,\n 25.997549919572112\n ],\n [\n -97.470703125,\n 25.799891182088334\n ],\n [\n -97.91015624999999,\n 25.997549919572112\n ],\n [\n -99.2724609375,\n 26.27371402440643\n ],\n [\n -99.7119140625,\n 27.410785702577023\n ],\n [\n -100.4150390625,\n 28.265682390146477\n ],\n [\n -100.94238281249999,\n 29.152161283318915\n ],\n [\n -101.6455078125,\n 29.611670115197377\n ],\n [\n -102.65625,\n 29.611670115197377\n ],\n [\n -102.919921875,\n 29.036960648558267\n ],\n [\n -103.1396484375,\n 28.806173508854776\n ],\n [\n -104.6337890625,\n 29.53522956294847\n ],\n [\n -105.0732421875,\n 30.259067203213018\n ],\n [\n -105.4248046875,\n 30.637912028341123\n ],\n [\n -106.25976562499999,\n 31.27855085894653\n ],\n [\n -106.5673828125,\n 31.653381399664\n ],\n [\n -106.25976562499999,\n 31.952162238024975\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55a0ecaee4b0183d66e4302d","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/hyp.10545","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10545","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Gelca Rodica, Hayhoe Katharine, Scott-Fleming Ian, Crow Caleb, Dawson Dan, Patiño Reynaldo","journalName":"Hydrological Processes","publicationDate":"7/2015","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gelca, Rodica","contributorId":145545,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gelca","given":"Rodica","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayhoe, Katharine","contributorId":35624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayhoe","given":"Katharine","affiliations":[{"id":16625,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott-Fleming, Ian","contributorId":145546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott-Fleming","given":"Ian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crow, Caleb","contributorId":145547,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crow","given":"Caleb","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dawson, D.","contributorId":72901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Patino, Reynaldo 0000-0002-4831-8400 r.patino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-8400","contributorId":2311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patino","given":"Reynaldo","email":"r.patino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70159689,"text":"70159689 - 2015 - Organic contaminant transport and fate in the subsurface: evolution of knowledge and understanding","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:54:07","indexId":"70159689","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organic contaminant transport and fate in the subsurface: evolution of knowledge and understanding","docAbstract":"Toxic organic contaminants may enter the subsurface as slightly soluble and volatile nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) or as dissolved solutes resulting in contaminant plumes emanating from the source zone. A large body of research published in Water Resources Research has been devoted to characterizing and understanding processes controlling the transport and fate of these organic contaminants and the effectiveness of natural attenuation, bioremediation, and other remedial technologies. These contributions include studies of NAPL flow, entrapment, and interphase mass transfer that have advanced from the analysis of simple systems with uniform properties and equilibrium contaminant phase partitioning to complex systems with pore-scale and macroscale heterogeneity and rate-limited interphase mass transfer. Understanding of the fate of dissolved organic plumes has advanced from when biodegradation was thought to require oxygen to recognition of the importance of anaerobic biodegradation, multiple redox zones, microbial enzyme kinetics, and mixing of organic contaminants and electron acceptors at plume fringes. Challenges remain in understanding the impacts of physical, chemical, biological, and hydrogeological heterogeneity, pore-scale interactions, and mixing on the fate of organic contaminants. Further effort is needed to successfully incorporate these processes into field-scale predictions of transport and fate. Regulations have greatly reduced the frequency of new point-source contamination problems; however, remediation at many legacy plumes remains challenging. A number of fields of current relevance are benefiting from research advances from point-source contaminant research. These include geologic carbon sequestration, nonpoint-source contamination, aquifer storage and recovery, the fate of contaminants from oil and gas development, and enhanced bioremediation.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/2015WR017121","usgsCitation":"Essaid, H.I., Bekins, B.A., and Cozzarelli, I.M., 2015, Organic contaminant transport and fate in the subsurface: evolution of knowledge and understanding: Water Resources Research, v. 51, no. 7, p. 4861-4902, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017121.","productDescription":"42","startPage":"4861","endPage":"4902","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063591","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311479,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564daf50e4b0112df6c62e23","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/2015wr017121","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015wr017121","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Essaid Hedeff I., Bekins Barbara A., Cozzarelli Isabelle M.","journalName":"Water Resources Research","publicationDate":"7/2015","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Essaid, Hedeff I. 0000-0003-0154-8628 hiessaid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0154-8628","contributorId":2284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Essaid","given":"Hedeff","email":"hiessaid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bekins, Barbara A. 0000-0002-1411-6018 babekins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1411-6018","contributorId":1348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekins","given":"Barbara","email":"babekins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cozzarelli, Isabelle M. 0000-0002-5123-1007 icozzare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":1693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"Isabelle","email":"icozzare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70154764,"text":"70154764 - 2015 - The Effect of modeled recharge distribution on simulated groundwater availability and capture","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-01T10:06:41","indexId":"70154764","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Effect of modeled recharge distribution on simulated groundwater availability and capture","docAbstract":"Simulating groundwater flow in basin-fill aquifers of the semiarid southwestern United States commonly requires decisions about how to distribute aquifer recharge. Precipitation can recharge basin-fill aquifers by direct infiltration and transport through faults and fractures in the high-elevation areas, by flowing overland through high-elevation areas to infiltrate at basin-fill margins along mountain fronts, by flowing overland to infiltrate along ephemeral channels that often traverse basins in the area, or by some combination of these processes. The importance of accurately simulating recharge distributions is a current topic of discussion among hydrologists and water managers in the region, but no comparative study has been performed to analyze the effects of different recharge distributions on groundwater simulations. This study investigates the importance of the distribution of aquifer recharge in simulating regional groundwater flow in basin-fill aquifers by calibrating a groundwater-flow model to four different recharge distributions, all with the same total amount of recharge. Similarities are seen in results from steady-state models for optimized hydraulic conductivity values, fit of simulated to observed hydraulic heads, and composite scaled sensitivities of conductivity parameter zones. Transient simulations with hypothetical storage properties and pumping rates produce similar capture rates and storage change results, but differences are noted in the rate of drawdown at some well locations owing to the differences in optimized hydraulic conductivity. Depending on whether the purpose of the groundwater model is to simulate changes in groundwater levels or changes in storage and capture, the distribution of aquifer recharge may or may not be of primary importance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12210","usgsCitation":"Tillman, F., Pool, D.R., and Leake, S.A., 2015, The Effect of modeled recharge distribution on simulated groundwater availability and capture: Groundwater, v. 53, no. 3, p. 378-388, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12210.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"378","endPage":"388","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051913","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305519,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Detrital Valley, Hualapai Valley, Sacramento Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.334716796875,\n 36.00467348670187\n ],\n [\n -113.97216796875,\n 36.20882309283712\n ],\n [\n -113.90625,\n 36.06686213257888\n ],\n [\n -113.64257812499999,\n 36.00467348670187\n ],\n [\n -113.280029296875,\n 35.746512259918504\n ],\n [\n -113.21411132812499,\n 35.35321610123821\n ],\n [\n -113.5986328125,\n 35.092945313732635\n ],\n [\n -113.466796875,\n 34.542762387234845\n ],\n [\n -113.785400390625,\n 34.334364487026306\n ],\n [\n -114.202880859375,\n 34.50655662164561\n ],\n [\n -114.32373046875,\n 34.71452466170392\n ],\n [\n -114.06005859375,\n 34.858890491257824\n ],\n [\n -114.554443359375,\n 35.98689628443789\n ],\n [\n -114.334716796875,\n 36.00467348670187\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"53","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-05-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55950123e4b0b6d21dd6cbc2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tillman, Fred D. 0000-0002-2922-402X ftillman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2922-402X","contributorId":1629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillman","given":"Fred D.","email":"ftillman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pool, Donald R. drpool@usgs.gov","contributorId":1121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pool","given":"Donald","email":"drpool@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leake, Stanley A. 0000-0003-3568-2542 saleake@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3568-2542","contributorId":1846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leake","given":"Stanley","email":"saleake@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70173444,"text":"70173444 - 2015 - Building a multi-scaled geospatial temporal ecology database from disparate data sources: Fostering open science through data reuse","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-20T14:07:39","indexId":"70173444","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5091,"text":"GigaScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Building a multi-scaled geospatial temporal ecology database from disparate data sources: Fostering open science through data reuse","docAbstract":"Although there are considerable site-based data for individual or groups of ecosystems, these datasets are widely scattered, have different data formats and conventions, and often have limited accessibility. At the broader scale, national datasets exist for a large number of geospatial features of land, water, and air that are needed to fully understand variation among these ecosystems. However, such datasets originate from different sources and have different spatial and temporal resolutions. By taking an open-science perspective and by combining site-based ecosystem datasets and national geospatial datasets, science gains the ability to ask important research questions related to grand environmental challenges that operate at broad scales. Documentation of such complicated database integration efforts, through peer-reviewed papers, is recommended to foster reproducibility and future use of the integrated database. Here, we describe the major steps, challenges, and considerations in building an integrated database of lake ecosystems, called LAGOS (LAke multi-scaled GeOSpatial and temporal database), that was developed at the sub-continental study extent of 17 US states (1,800,000 km2). LAGOS includes two modules: LAGOSGEO, with geospatial data on every lake with surface area larger than 4 ha in the study extent (~50,000 lakes), including climate, atmospheric deposition, land use/cover, hydrology, geology, and topography measured across a range of spatial and temporal extents; and LAGOSLIMNO, with lake water quality data compiled from ~100 individual datasets for a subset of lakes in the study extent (~10,000 lakes). Procedures for the integration of datasets included: creating a flexible database design; authoring and integrating metadata; documenting data provenance; quantifying spatial measures of geographic data; quality-controlling integrated and derived data; and extensively documenting the database. Our procedures make a large, complex, and integrated database reproducible and extensible, allowing users to ask new research questions with the existing database or through the addition of new data. The largest challenge of this task was the heterogeneity of the data, formats, and metadata. Many steps of data integration need manual input from experts in diverse fields, requiring close collaboration.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioMed Central","doi":"10.1186/s13742-015-0067-4","usgsCitation":"Soranno, P.A., Bissell, E., Cheruvelil, K.S., Christel, S.T., Collins, S.M., Fergus, C.E., Filstrup, C.T., Lapierre, J., Lotting, N.R., Oliver, S., Scott, C.E., Smith, N.J., Stopyak, S., Yuan, S., Bremigan, M.T., Downing, J., Gries, C., Henry, E.N., Skaff, N.K., Stanley, E.H., Stow, C., Tan, P., Wagner, T., and Webster, K.E., 2015, Building a multi-scaled geospatial temporal ecology database from disparate data sources: Fostering open science through data reuse: GigaScience, v. 4, no. 28, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13742-015-0067-4.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062339","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471979,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13742-015-0067-4","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324012,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.3388671875,\n 49.35375571830993\n ],\n [\n -94.7900390625,\n 36.421282443649496\n ],\n [\n -89.296875,\n 35.99578538642032\n ],\n [\n -88.330078125,\n 37.19533058280065\n ],\n [\n -87.3193359375,\n 37.64903402157866\n ],\n [\n -84.5947265625,\n 38.71980474264239\n ],\n [\n -82.6171875,\n 38.272688535980976\n ],\n [\n -80.6396484375,\n 39.707186656826565\n ],\n [\n -75.9375,\n 39.774769485295465\n ],\n [\n -74.8388671875,\n 38.8225909761771\n ],\n [\n -67.1044921875,\n 43.73935207915473\n ],\n [\n -66.357421875,\n 45.398449976304086\n ],\n [\n -68.15917968749999,\n 47.90161354142077\n ],\n [\n -77.7392578125,\n 45.85941212790755\n ],\n [\n -86.220703125,\n 49.410973199695846\n ],\n [\n -97.3388671875,\n 49.35375571830993\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"28","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913b1e4b07657d19fefae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soranno, Patricia A.","contributorId":172104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Soranno","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bissell, E.G.","contributorId":88823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bissell","given":"E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cheruvelil, Kendra S.","contributorId":172029,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cheruvelil","given":"Kendra","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Christel, Samuel T.","contributorId":169272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christel","given":"Samuel","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Collins, Sarah M.","contributorId":172181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Collins","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Fergus, C. Emi","contributorId":150608,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fergus","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Emi","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":639833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Filstrup, Christopher T.","contributorId":169032,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Filstrup","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":6911,"text":"Iowa State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":639834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lapierre, Jean-Francois","contributorId":172182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lapierre","given":"Jean-Francois","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lotting, Noah R.","contributorId":172183,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lotting","given":"Noah","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Oliver, Samantha K.","contributorId":169273,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oliver","given":"Samantha K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639837,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Scott, Caren E.","contributorId":172184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott","given":"Caren","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Smith, Nicole J.","contributorId":172185,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Nicole","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Stopyak, Scott","contributorId":172186,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stopyak","given":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Yuan, Shuai","contributorId":172187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yuan","given":"Shuai","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Bremigan, Mary Tate","contributorId":172173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bremigan","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"Tate","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Downing, John A.","contributorId":70348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downing","given":"John A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Gries, Corinna","contributorId":106525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gries","given":"Corinna","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Henry, Emily N.","contributorId":172189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henry","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18},{"text":"Skaff, Nick K.","contributorId":172190,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skaff","given":"Nick","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":19},{"text":"Stanley, Emily H.","contributorId":55725,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stanley","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":12951,"text":"Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":639847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Stow, Craig A.","contributorId":49733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stow","given":"Craig A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21},{"text":"Tan, Pang-Ning","contributorId":172193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tan","given":"Pang-Ning","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":22},{"text":"Wagner, Tyler 0000-0003-1726-016X twagner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-016X","contributorId":1050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Tyler","email":"twagner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":23},{"text":"Webster, Katherine E.","contributorId":147903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Webster","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24}]}} ,{"id":70159502,"text":"70159502 - 2015 - Water's Way at Sleepers River watershed – revisiting flow generation in a post-glacial landscape, Vermont USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T15:26:40","indexId":"70159502","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water's Way at Sleepers River watershed – revisiting flow generation in a post-glacial landscape, Vermont USA","docAbstract":"The Sleepers River Research Watershed (SRRW) in Vermont, USA, has been the site of active hydrologic research since 1959 and was the setting where Dunne and Black demonstrated the importance and controls of saturation-excess overland flow (SOF) on streamflow generation. Here, we review the early studies from the SRRW and show how they guided our conceptual approach to hydrologic research at the SRRW during the most recent 25 years. In so doing, we chronicle a shift in the field from early studies that relied exclusively on hydrometric measurements to today's studies that include chemical and isotopic approaches to further elucidate streamflow generation mechanisms. Highlights of this evolution in hydrologic understanding include the following: (i) confirmation of the importance of SOF to streamflow generation, and at larger scales than first imagined; (ii) stored catchment water dominates stream response, except under unusual conditions such as deep frozen ground; (iii) hydrometric, chemical and isotopic approaches to hydrograph separation yield consistent and complementary results; (iv) nitrate and sulfate isotopic compositions specific to atmospheric inputs constrain new water contributions to streamflow; and (v) convergent areas, or ‘hillslope hollows’, contribute disproportionately to event hydrographs. We conclude by summarizing some remaining challenges that lead us to a vision for the future of research at the SRRW to address fundamental questions in the catchment sciences.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10377","usgsCitation":"Shanley, J.B., Sebestyen, S.D., McDonnell, J.J., McGlynn, B.L., and Dunne, T., 2015, Water's Way at Sleepers River watershed – revisiting flow generation in a post-glacial landscape, Vermont USA: Hydrological Processes, v. 29, no. 16, p. 3447-3459, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10377.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"3447","endPage":"3459","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060314","costCenters":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471982,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0vk658z6","text":"External Repository"},{"id":311199,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Sleepers River watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.07829475402832,\n 44.43825371823474\n ],\n [\n -72.07829475402832,\n 44.45688095465622\n ],\n [\n -72.05168724060057,\n 44.45688095465622\n ],\n [\n -72.05168724060057,\n 44.43825371823474\n ],\n [\n -72.07829475402832,\n 44.43825371823474\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"29","issue":"16","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-11-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5645c660e4b0e2669b30f233","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shanley, James B. 0000-0002-4234-3437 jshanley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3437","contributorId":1953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanley","given":"James","email":"jshanley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sebestyen, Stephen D.","contributorId":107562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sebestyen","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McDonnell, Jeffrey J.","contributorId":202934,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonnell","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":36551,"text":"University of Saskatchewan, Canada, and University of Aberdeen, Scotland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McGlynn, Brian L.","contributorId":83012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGlynn","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":579264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dunne, Thomas","contributorId":146518,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dunne","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6710,"text":"University of California, Santa Barbara, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":579265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70187119,"text":"70187119 - 2015 - Tracing the cycling and fate of the explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in coastal marine systems with a stable isotopic tracer, 15N-[TNT]","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T16:01:59","indexId":"70187119","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Tracing the cycling and fate of the explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in coastal marine systems with a stable isotopic tracer, 15N-[TNT]","title":"Tracing the cycling and fate of the explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in coastal marine systems with a stable isotopic tracer, 15N-[TNT]","docAbstract":"2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) has been used as a military explosive for over a hundred years. Contamination concerns have arisen as a result of manufacturing and use on a large scale; however, despite decades of work addressing TNT contamination in the environment, its fate in marine ecosystems is not fully resolved. Here we examine the cycling and fate of TNT in the coastal marine systems by spiking a marine mesocosm containing seawater, sediments, and macrobiota with isotopically labeled TNT (15N-[TNT]), simultaneously monitoring removal, transformation, mineralization, sorption, and biological uptake over a period of 16 days. TNT degradation was rapid, and we observed accumulation of reduced transformation products dissolved in the water column and in pore waters, sorbed to sediments and suspended particulate matter (SPM), and in the tissues of macrobiota. Bulk δ15N analysis of sediments, SPM, and tissues revealed large quantities of 15N beyond that accounted for in identifiable derivatives. TNT-derived N was also found in the dissolved inorganic N (DIN) pool. Using multivariate statistical analysis and a 15N mass balance approach, we identify the major transformation pathways of TNT, including the deamination of reduced TNT derivatives, potentially promoted by sorption to SPM and oxic surface sediments.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b02907","usgsCitation":"Smith, R.W., Vlahos, P., Bohlke, J., Ariyarathna, T., Ballentine, M., Cooper, C., Fallis, S., Groshens, T.J., and Tobias, C.R., 2015, Tracing the cycling and fate of the explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in coastal marine systems with a stable isotopic tracer, 15N-[TNT]: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 49, no. 20, p. 12223-12231, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b02907.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"12223","endPage":"12231","ipdsId":"IP-068873","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340172,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"20","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ff0ea3e4b006455f2d61e0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Richard W.","contributorId":191276,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vlahos, Penny","contributorId":191277,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vlahos","given":"Penny","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bohlke, J.K. 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":191103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"J.K.","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":692568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ariyarathna, Thivanka","contributorId":191278,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ariyarathna","given":"Thivanka","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ballentine, Mark","contributorId":191279,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ballentine","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cooper, Christopher","contributorId":191280,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooper","given":"Christopher","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Fallis, Stephen","contributorId":191281,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fallis","given":"Stephen","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Groshens, Thomas J.","contributorId":191282,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Groshens","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Tobias, Craig R.","contributorId":191283,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tobias","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70148422,"text":"sir20155077 - 2015 - Flood Map for the Winooski River in Waterbury, Vermont, 2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-01T10:40:01","indexId":"sir20155077","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-30T16:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5077","title":"Flood Map for the Winooski River in Waterbury, Vermont, 2014","docAbstract":"From August 28 to 29, 2011, Tropical Storm Irene delivered rainfall ranging from approximately 4 to more than 7 inches in the Winooski River Basin in Vermont. The rainfall resulted in severe flooding throughout the basin and significant damage along the Winooski River. In response to the flooding, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency, conducted a new flood study to aid in flood recovery and restoration and to assist in flood forecasting. The study resulted in two sets of flood maps that depict the flooding for an 8.3-mile reach of the Winooski River from about 1,000 feet downstream of the Waterbury-Bolton, Vermont, town line upstream to about 2,000 feet upstream of the Waterbury-Middlesex, Vt., town line.
\nThe first set of maps consists of flood-recovery maps depicting the boundaries of floodwaters at the 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probability (AEP) discharges, the boundaries of the floodway, and the boundaries of floodwaters from Tropical Storm Irene as estimated by a hydraulic model. The second set of maps consists of flood-inundation maps depicting the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at the USGS Winooski River above Crossett Bk at Waterbury, VT (04288040) streamgage. The maps correspond to streamgage water levels ranging from 417.0 to 431.0 feet in 2-foot increments. The availability of these flood-inundation maps along with current stage from the USGS streamgage obtained from a USGS Web site will provide emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for post-flood recovery efforts. These flood inundation maps can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site (http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/).
\nTo generate the maps, flood profiles for the Winooski River were developed. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers one-dimensional step-backwater Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System model (HEC–RAS), was used to compute the water-surface profiles along the study reach. The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a geographic information system digital elevation model derived from light detection and ranging (lidar) data with a vertical accuracy that meets or exceeds vertical national map accuracy standards for 2-foot contour mapping to delineate the area flooded for each water-surface profile.
\nHigh-water marks from Tropical Storm Irene were available for seven locations along the study reach. The highwater marks were used to estimate water-surface profiles and discharges resulting from Tropical Storm Irene throughout the study reach. From a comparison of the estimated water-surface profile for Tropical Storm Irene with the water-surface profiles for the 1- and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probability (AEP) floods, it was determined that the high-water elevations resulting from Tropical Storm Irene exceeded the estimated 1-percent AEP flood throughout the Winooski River study reach but did not exceed the estimated 0.2-percent AEP flood at any location within the study reach.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155077","collaboration":"Federal Emergency Management Agency","usgsCitation":"Olson, S.A., 2015, Flood Map for the Winooski River in Waterbury, Vermont, 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5077, Report: vi, 25 p.; Readme; Appendix; Metadata, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155077.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 25 p.; Readme; Appendix; Metadata","numberOfPages":"31","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061798","costCenters":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305492,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155077.jpg"},{"id":305487,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5077/pdf/sir20155077.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.48 MB","description":"Report"},{"id":305490,"rank":5,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5077/attachments/metadata_floodinundationmap.zip","text":"Metadata for flood inundation map","size":"123 KB","description":"Metadata for flood inundation map","linkHelpText":"Metadata for flood inundation map"},{"id":305488,"rank":3,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5077/attachments/readme.txt","text":"Read me","size":"1 KB","description":"Read Me"},{"id":305489,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5077/attachments/sir2015-5077_appendix1.zip","text":"Map file and dataset","size":"715 MB","description":"Map file and dataset","linkHelpText":"Contains the published map file and the map dataset."},{"id":305491,"rank":6,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5077/attachments/metadata_floodrecoverymap.zip","text":"Metadata for flood recovery map","size":"132 KB","description":"Metadata for flood recovery map","linkHelpText":"Metadata for flood recovery map"},{"id":305486,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5077/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","city":"Waterbury","otherGeospatial":"Winooski River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.75833129882812,\n 44.319672489734806\n ],\n [\n -72.75833129882812,\n 44.334408514149914\n ],\n [\n -72.73258209228516,\n 44.334408514149914\n ],\n [\n -72.73258209228516,\n 44.319672489734806\n ],\n [\n -72.75833129882812,\n 44.319672489734806\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publicComments":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Emergency Management Agency","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5593afa9e4b0b6d21dd68220","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olson, Scott A. 0000-0002-1064-2125 solson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1064-2125","contributorId":2059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Scott","email":"solson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":405,"text":"NH/VT office of New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548153,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70155517,"text":"70155517 - 2015 - Integrating multiple distribution models to guide conservation efforts of an endangered toad","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-10T11:35:56","indexId":"70155517","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-30T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrating multiple distribution models to guide conservation efforts of an endangered toad","docAbstract":"Species distribution models are used for numerous purposes such as predicting changes in species’ ranges and identifying biodiversity hotspots. Although implications of distribution models for conservation are often implicit, few studies use these tools explicitly to inform conservation efforts. Herein, we illustrate how multiple distribution models developed using distinct sets of environmental variables can be integrated to aid in identification sites for use in conservation. We focus on the endangered arroyo toad (Anaxyrus californicus), which relies on open, sandy streams and surrounding floodplains in southern California, USA, and northern Baja California, Mexico. Declines of the species are largely attributed to habitat degradation associated with vegetation encroachment, invasive predators, and altered hydrologic regimes. We had three main goals: 1) develop a model of potential habitat for arroyo toads, based on long-term environmental variables and all available locality data; 2) develop a model of the species’ current habitat by incorporating recent remotely-sensed variables and only using recent locality data; and 3) integrate results of both models to identify sites that may be employed in conservation efforts. We used a machine learning technique, Random Forests, to develop the models, focused on riparian zones in southern California. We identified 14.37% and 10.50% of our study area as potential and current habitat for the arroyo toad, respectively. Generally, inclusion of remotely-sensed variables reduced modeled suitability of sites, thus many areas modeled as potential habitat were not modeled as current habitat. We propose such sites could be made suitable for arroyo toads through active management, increasing current habitat by up to 67.02%. Our general approach can be employed to guide conservation efforts of virtually any species with sufficient data necessary to develop appropriate distribution models.
","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0131628","usgsCitation":"Treglia, M.L., Fisher, R.N., and Fitzgerald, L., 2015, Integrating multiple distribution models to guide conservation efforts of an endangered toad: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 6, p. 1-18, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0131628.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"18","numberOfPages":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064868","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471988,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0131628","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306534,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.49304199218749,\n 33.99347299511967\n ],\n [\n -118.01513671875,\n 34.50655662164561\n ],\n [\n -116.98242187499999,\n 34.610605760914666\n ],\n [\n -116.26831054687501,\n 34.49750272138159\n ],\n [\n -115.94970703125,\n 34.20271636159618\n ],\n [\n -115.9332275390625,\n 33.73804486328909\n ],\n [\n -115.81787109375,\n 33.44060944370356\n ],\n [\n -115.62561035156249,\n 33.30757713015298\n ],\n [\n -115.51574707031249,\n 33.06852769197118\n ],\n [\n -115.34545898437499,\n 32.68099643258195\n ],\n [\n -117.15270996093749,\n 32.54681317351514\n ],\n [\n -117.158203125,\n 32.62549671451373\n ],\n [\n -117.29553222656249,\n 32.694865977875075\n ],\n [\n -117.31201171875001,\n 32.838058359277056\n ],\n [\n -117.31201171875001,\n 32.98102014898148\n ],\n [\n -117.49877929687499,\n 33.27084277265288\n ],\n [\n -117.7569580078125,\n 33.458942753687644\n ],\n [\n -118.15246582031249,\n 33.706062655101206\n ],\n [\n -118.333740234375,\n 33.67406853374198\n ],\n [\n -118.48205566406251,\n 33.747180448149855\n ],\n [\n -118.4600830078125,\n 33.8247936182649\n ],\n [\n -118.49304199218749,\n 33.99347299511967\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-30","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55c9cb34e4b08400b1fdb713","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Treglia, Michael L.","contributorId":145921,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Treglia","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":16299,"text":"Dep't Wildlife and Fisheries, Texas A&M U, College Station, Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fitzgerald, Lee A.","contributorId":145922,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fitzgerald","given":"Lee A.","affiliations":[{"id":16300,"text":"Dep't of Wildlife and Fisheries, Texas A&M U, College Station, Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70148366,"text":"fs20153043 - 2015 - Sediment conditions in the San Antonio River Basin downstream from San Antonio, Texas, 2000-13","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-05T11:59:58","indexId":"fs20153043","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-30T02:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-3043","title":"Sediment conditions in the San Antonio River Basin downstream from San Antonio, Texas, 2000-13","docAbstract":"Sediment plays an important role in the ecological health of rivers and estuaries and consequently is an important issue for water-resource managers. To better understand sediment characteristics in the San Antonio River Basin, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the San Antonio River Authority, completed a two-part study in the San Antonio River Basin downstream from San Antonio, Texas, to (1) collect and analyze sediment data to characterize sediment conditions and (2) develop and calibrate a watershed model to simulate hydrologic conditions and suspended-sediment loads during 2000–12.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153043","usgsCitation":"Ockerman, D.J., Banta, J., Crow, C.L., and Opsahl, S.P., 2015, Sediment conditions in the San Antonio River Basin downstream from San Antonio, Texas, 2000-13: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015-3043, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20153043.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2011-01-01","temporalEnd":"2013-05-31","ipdsId":"IP-061350","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305524,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":305448,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3043/"},{"id":305470,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3043/pdf/fs2015-3043.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.45 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"San Antonio River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.74011230468749,\n 28.41555985166584\n ],\n [\n -96.9268798828125,\n 28.386567819657213\n ],\n [\n -97.4212646484375,\n 28.565225490654658\n ],\n [\n -97.6409912109375,\n 28.69058765425071\n ],\n [\n -97.76184082031249,\n 28.767659105691255\n ],\n [\n -97.943115234375,\n 28.969700808694157\n ],\n [\n -98.1298828125,\n 29.156958511360703\n ],\n [\n -98.2232666015625,\n 29.224096165685452\n ],\n [\n -98.2342529296875,\n 29.406105055709293\n ],\n [\n -98.32763671875,\n 29.6880527498568\n ],\n [\n -98.3111572265625,\n 29.740532166753606\n ],\n [\n -98.1793212890625,\n 29.88351825335318\n ],\n [\n -97.88818359375,\n 29.950175057288813\n ],\n [\n -97.76184082031249,\n 29.969211659636663\n ],\n [\n -97.657470703125,\n 29.869228848968312\n ],\n [\n -97.459716796875,\n 29.67850809103362\n ],\n [\n -97.31689453125,\n 29.501768632523287\n ],\n [\n -97.1685791015625,\n 29.28160772298835\n ],\n [\n -97.1356201171875,\n 29.08977693862319\n ],\n [\n -97.0587158203125,\n 28.878349647602047\n ],\n [\n -96.94335937499999,\n 28.603814407841327\n ],\n [\n -96.74011230468749,\n 28.41555985166584\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5593afaae4b0b6d21dd68224","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ockerman, Darwin J. 0000-0003-1958-1688 ockerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1958-1688","contributorId":1579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ockerman","given":"Darwin","email":"ockerman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":563968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Banta, J. Ryan 0000-0002-2226-7270 jbanta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2226-7270","contributorId":4723,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banta","given":"J. Ryan","email":"jbanta@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":563969,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crow, Cassi L. 0000-0002-1279-2485 ccrow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1279-2485","contributorId":1666,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crow","given":"Cassi","email":"ccrow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":563970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Opsahl, Stephen P. 0000-0002-4774-0415 sopsahl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4774-0415","contributorId":4713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Opsahl","given":"Stephen","email":"sopsahl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":563971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70148568,"text":"sir20155085 - 2015 - Hydrologic influences on water-level changes in the Eastern Snake River Plain aquifer at and near the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 1949-2014","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-26T16:01:27","indexId":"sir20155085","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-26T16:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5085","title":"Hydrologic influences on water-level changes in the Eastern Snake River Plain aquifer at and near the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 1949-2014","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, has maintained a water-level monitoring program at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) since 1949 to systematically measure water levels to provide long-term information on groundwater recharge, discharge, movement, and storage in the eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP) aquifer. During 2014, water levels in the ESRP aquifer reached all-time lows for the period of record, prompting this study to assess the effect that future water-level declines may have on pumps and wells. Water-level data were compared with pump-setting depth to determine the hydraulic head above the current pump setting. Additionally, geophysical logs were examined to address changes in well productivity with water-level declines. Furthermore, hydrologic factors that affect water levels in different areas of the INL were evaluated to help understand why water-level changes occur.
\nReview of pump intake placement and 2014 water-level data indicates that 40 wells completed within the ESRP aquifer at the INL have 20 feet (ft) or less of head above the pump. Nine of the these wells are located in the northeastern and northwestern areas of the INL where recharge is predominantly affected by irrigation, wet and dry cycles of precipitation, and flow in the Big Lost River. Water levels in northeastern and northwestern wells generally show water-level fluctuations of as much as 4.5 ft seasonally and show declines as much as 25 ft during the past 14 years.
\nIn the southeastern area of the INL, seven wells were identified as having less than 20 ft of water remaining above the pump. Most of the wells in the southeast show less decline over the period of record compared with wells in the northeast; the smaller declines are probably attributable to less groundwater withdrawal from pumping of wells for irrigation. In addition, most of the southeastern wells show only about a 1–2 ft fluctuation seasonally because they are less influenced by groundwater withdrawals for irrigation.
\nIn the southwestern area of the INL, 24 wells were identified as having less than 20 ft of water remaining above the pump. Wells in the southwest also only show small 1–2 ft fluctuations seasonally because of a lack of irrigation influence. Wells show larger fluctuation in water levels closer to the Big Lost River and fluctuate in response to wet and dry cycles of recharge to the Big Lost River.
\nGeophysical logs indicate that most of the wells evaluated will maintain their current production until the water level declines to the depth of the pump. A few of the wells may become less productive once the water level gets to within about 5 ft from the top of the pump. Wells most susceptible to future drought cycles are those in the northeastern and northwestern areas of the INL.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155085","collaboration":"U.S. Department of Energy","usgsCitation":"Bartholomay, R.C., and Twining, B.V., 2015, Hydrologic influences on water-level changes in the Eastern Snake River Plain aquifer at and near the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 1949-2014: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5085, Report: v, 37 p.; 1 Appendix, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155085.","productDescription":"Report: v, 37 p.; 1 Appendix","numberOfPages":"47","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-060008","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":303220,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/sir20155085.jpg"},{"id":303174,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5085/"},{"id":303175,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5085/pdf/sir2015-5085.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":303176,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5085/pdf/sir2015-5085_appendixa.pdf","text":"Appendix A","size":"1.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Appendix A"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Eastern Snake River Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.32373046875,\n 43.08092540794885\n ],\n [\n -114.32373046875,\n 43.97700467496408\n ],\n [\n -111.97265625,\n 43.97700467496408\n ],\n [\n -111.97265625,\n 43.08092540794885\n ],\n [\n -114.32373046875,\n 43.08092540794885\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558e69abe4b0b6d21dd658fe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartholomay, Roy C. 0000-0002-4809-9287 rcbarth@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-9287","contributorId":1131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomay","given":"Roy","email":"rcbarth@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Twining, Brian V. 0000-0003-1321-4721 btwining@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1321-4721","contributorId":2387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twining","given":"Brian","email":"btwining@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70150465,"text":"70150465 - 2015 - Linking dynamic habitat selection with wading bird foraging distributions across resource gradients","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-26T09:48:07","indexId":"70150465","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-24T10:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Linking dynamic habitat selection with wading bird foraging distributions across resource gradients","docAbstract":"Species distribution models (SDM) link species occurrence with a suite of environmental predictors and provide an estimate of habitat quality when the variable set captures the biological requirements of the species. SDMs are inherently more complex when they include components of a species' ecology such as conspecific attraction and behavioral flexibility to exploit resources that vary across time and space. Wading birds are highly mobile, demonstrate flexible habitat selection, and respond quickly to changes in habitat quality; thus serving as important indicator species for wetland systems. We developed a spatio-temporal, multi-SDM framework using Great Egret (Ardea alba), White Ibis (Eudocimus albus), and Wood Stork (Mycteria Americana) distributions over a decadal gradient of environmental conditions to predict species-specific abundance across space and locations used on the landscape over time. In models of temporal dynamics, species demonstrated conditional preferences for resources based on resource levels linked to differing temporal scales. Wading bird abundance was highest when prey production from optimal periods of inundation was concentrated in shallow depths. Similar responses were observed in models predicting locations used over time, accounting for spatial autocorrelation. Species clustered in response to differing habitat conditions, indicating that social attraction can co-vary with foraging strategy, water-level changes, and habitat quality. This modeling framework can be applied to evaluate the multi-annual resource pulses occurring in real-time, climate change scenarios, or restorative hydrological regimes by tracking changing seasonal and annual distribution and abundance of high quality foraging patches.
","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0128182","usgsCitation":"Beerens, J.M., Noonberg, E.G., and Gawlik, D.E., 2015, Linking dynamic habitat selection with wading bird foraging distributions across resource gradients: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 6, p. 1-25, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0128182.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"25","numberOfPages":"25","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060476","costCenters":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471995,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0128182","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":302361,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"558e77b8e4b0b6d21dd65963","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beerens, James M. 0000-0001-8143-916X jbeerens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8143-916X","contributorId":143722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beerens","given":"James","email":"jbeerens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":556926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noonberg, Erik G.","contributorId":143723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Noonberg","given":"Erik","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":15312,"text":"Florida Atlantic University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":556927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gawlik, Dale E.","contributorId":88055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gawlik","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":556928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70148337,"text":"ofr20151062 - 2015 - Framework for a hydrologic climate-response network in New England","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-17T09:22:03","indexId":"ofr20151062","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-17T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1062","title":"Framework for a hydrologic climate-response network in New England","docAbstract":"Many climate-related hydrologic variables in New England have changed in the past century, and many are expected to change during the next century. It is important to understand and monitor these changes because they can affect human water supply, hydroelectric power generation, transportation infrastructure, and stream and riparian ecology. This report describes a framework for hydrologic monitoring in New England by means of a climate-response network. The framework identifies specific inland hydrologic variables that are sensitive to climate variation; identifies geographic regions with similar hydrologic responses; proposes a fixed-station monitoring network composed of existing streamflow, groundwater, lake ice, snowpack, and meteorological data-collection stations for evaluation of hydrologic response to climate variation; and identifies streamflow basins for intensive, process-based studies and for estimates of future hydrologic conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151062","usgsCitation":"Lent, R.M., Hodgkins, G.A., Dudley, R.W., and Schalk, L., 2015, Framework for a hydrologic climate-response network in New England: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1062, v, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151062.","productDescription":"v, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058608","costCenters":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":301259,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151062.jpg"},{"id":301243,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1062/"},{"id":301258,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1062/pdf/ofr2015-1062.pdf","text":"Report","size":"24.9 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Conecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont","otherGeospatial":"New England","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.6578369140625,\n 40.98819156349393\n ],\n [\n -73.7347412109375,\n 41.09591205639546\n ],\n [\n -73.4930419921875,\n 41.22411753058293\n ],\n [\n -73.553466796875,\n 41.29431726315258\n ],\n [\n -73.4930419921875,\n 42.04113400940809\n ],\n [\n -73.5150146484375,\n 42.09007006868398\n ],\n [\n -73.27880859375,\n 42.74701217318067\n ],\n [\n -73.30078125,\n 43.59630591596548\n ],\n [\n -73.45458984375,\n 43.628123412124616\n ],\n [\n -73.47656249999999,\n 44.15068115978091\n ],\n [\n -73.41064453125,\n 44.5278427984555\n ],\n [\n -73.45458984375,\n 44.63739123445585\n ],\n [\n -73.4326171875,\n 45.01141864227728\n ],\n [\n -71.54296874999999,\n 45.01141864227728\n ],\n [\n -71.43310546875,\n 45.321254361171476\n ],\n [\n -70.8837890625,\n 45.336701909968106\n ],\n [\n -70.72998046875,\n 45.55252525134013\n ],\n [\n -70.29052734375,\n 45.96642454131025\n ],\n [\n -70.3564453125,\n 46.2102496001872\n ],\n [\n -70.09277343749999,\n 46.49839225859763\n ],\n [\n -70.048828125,\n 46.694667307773116\n ],\n [\n -69.2138671875,\n 47.44294999517949\n ],\n [\n -68.97216796875,\n 47.39834920035926\n ],\n [\n -68.994140625,\n 47.26432008025478\n ],\n [\n -68.8623046875,\n 47.18971246448421\n ],\n [\n -68.31298828125,\n 47.35371061951363\n ],\n [\n -67.78564453125,\n 46.99524110694596\n ],\n [\n -67.82958984375,\n 45.73685954736049\n ],\n [\n -67.412109375,\n 45.598665689820656\n ],\n [\n -67.4560546875,\n 45.27488643704894\n ],\n [\n -67.21435546875,\n 45.182036837015886\n ],\n [\n -66.90673828125,\n 44.84029065139799\n ],\n [\n -69.3896484375,\n 43.94537239244209\n ],\n [\n -70.09277343749999,\n 43.78695837311561\n ],\n [\n -70.83984375,\n 42.87596410238254\n ],\n [\n -70.59814453125,\n 42.61779143282346\n ],\n [\n -71.015625,\n 42.293564192170095\n ],\n [\n -70.55419921875,\n 42.114523952464246\n ],\n [\n -70.68603515625,\n 41.96765920367816\n ],\n [\n -70.224609375,\n 41.902277040963696\n ],\n [\n -70.3125,\n 42.09822241118974\n ],\n [\n -70.07080078125,\n 42.13082130188811\n ],\n [\n -69.85107421874999,\n 41.85319643776675\n ],\n [\n -69.8291015625,\n 41.19518982948959\n ],\n [\n -70.8837890625,\n 41.244772343082104\n ],\n [\n -71.279296875,\n 41.42625319507272\n ],\n [\n -71.87255859375,\n 41.32732632036622\n ],\n [\n -72.6416015625,\n 41.244772343082104\n ],\n [\n -73.10302734375,\n 41.16211393939692\n ],\n [\n -73.6578369140625,\n 40.98819156349393\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55828c22e4b023124e8f3fa2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lent, Robert M. rmlent@usgs.gov","contributorId":284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lent","given":"Robert","email":"rmlent@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hodgkins, Glenn A. 0000-0002-4916-5565 gahodgki@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4916-5565","contributorId":2020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hodgkins","given":"Glenn","email":"gahodgki@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dudley, Robert W. 0000-0002-0934-0568 rwdudley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0934-0568","contributorId":2223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dudley","given":"Robert","email":"rwdudley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":371,"text":"Maine Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schalk, Luther 0000-0003-3957-1794 lschalk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3957-1794","contributorId":4366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schalk","given":"Luther","email":"lschalk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70189936,"text":"70189936 - 2015 - Measurements of the initiation of post-wildfire runoff during rainstorms using in situ overland flow detectors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-31T09:02:59","indexId":"70189936","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Measurements of the initiation of post-wildfire runoff during rainstorms using in situ overland flow detectors","title":"Measurements of the initiation of post-wildfire runoff during rainstorms using in situ overland flow detectors","docAbstract":"Overland flow detectors (OFDs) were deployed in 2012 on a hillslope burned by the 2010 Fourmile Canyon fire near Boulder, Colorado, USA. These detectors were simple, electrical resistor-type instruments that output a voltage (0–2·5 V) and were designed to measure and record the time of runoff initiation, a signal proportional to water depth, and the runoff hydrograph during natural convective rainstorms.
Initiation of runoff was found to be spatially complex and began at different times in different locations on the hillslope. Runoff started first at upstream detectors 56% of the time, at the mid-stream detectors 6%, and at the downstream detectors 38% of the time. Initiation of post-wildfire runoff depended on the time-to-ponding, travel time between points, and the time to fill surface depression storage. These times ranged from 0·5–54, 0·4–1·1, and 0·2–14 minutes, respectively, indicating the importance of the ponding process in controlling the initiation of runoff at this site. Time-to-ponding was modeled as a function of the rainfall acceleration (i.e. the rate of change of rainfall intensity) and either the cumulative rainfall at the start of runoff or the soil–water deficit.
Measurements made by the OFDs provided physical insight into the spatial and temporal initiation of post-wildfire runoff during unsteady flow in response to time varying natural rainfall. They also provided data that can be telemetered and used to determine critical input parameters for hydrologic rainfall–runoff models.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/esp.3704","usgsCitation":"Moody, J.A., and Martin, R., 2015, Measurements of the initiation of post-wildfire runoff during rainstorms using in situ overland flow detectors: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 40, no. 8, p. 1043-1056, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.3704.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1043","endPage":"1056","ipdsId":"IP-061823","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344455,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5980419be4b0a38ca2789349","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moody, John A. 0000-0003-2609-364X jamoody@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2609-364X","contributorId":771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moody","given":"John","email":"jamoody@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":706815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, Richard G.","contributorId":195347,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martin","given":"Richard G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":706816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70155905,"text":"70155905 - 2015 - Regional scale estimates of baseflow and factors influencing baseflow in the Upper Colorado River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-10T13:25:38.079996","indexId":"70155905","displayToPublicDate":"2015-06-15T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional scale estimates of baseflow and factors influencing baseflow in the Upper Colorado River Basin","docAbstract":"The study region encompasses the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB), which provides water for 40 million people and is a vital part of the water supply in the western U.S.
\nGroundwater and surface water can be considered a single water resource and thus it is important to understand groundwater contributions to streamflow, or baseflow, within a region. Previously, quantification of baseflow using chemical mass balance at large numbers of sites was not possible because of data limitations. A new method using regression-derived daily specific conductance values with conductivity mass balance hydrograph separation allows for baseflow estimation at sites across large regions. This method was applied to estimate baseflow discharge at 229 sites across the UCRB. Subsequently, climate, soil, topography, and land cover characteristics were statistically evaluated using principal component analysis (PCA) to determine their influence on baseflow discharge.
\nResults suggest that approximately half of the streamflow in the UCRB is baseflow derived from groundwater discharge to streams. Higher baseflow yields typically occur in upper elevation areas of the UCRB. PCA identified precipitation, snow, sand content of soils, elevation, land surface slope, percent grasslands, and percent natural barren lands as being positively correlated with baseflow yield; whereas temperature, potential evapotranspiration, silt and clay content of soils, percent agriculture, and percent shrublands were negatively correlated with baseflow yield.
\n