The extent, hydrogeologic framework, and potential well yields of valley-fill aquifers within a 151-square-mile area of eastern Chemung County, New York, were investigated, and the upland distribution of till thickness over bedrock was characterized. The hydrogeologic framework of these valleyfill aquifers was interpreted from multiple sources of surficial and subsurface data and an interpretation of the origin of the glacial deposits, particularly during retreat of glacial ice from the region. Potential yields of screened wells are based on the hydrogeologic framework interpretation and existing well-yield data, most of which are from wells finished with open-ended well casing.
\nWater-resource potential is greatest within saturated sand and gravel in the Chemung River valley (nearly 1 mile wide), especially where induced infiltration of additional water from the Chemung River is possible. The second most favorable area is the Newtown Creek valley at the confluence of Newtown Creek with North Branch Newtown Creek east of Horseheads, N.Y. Extensive sand and gravel deposits within the Breesport, N.Y., area are largely unsaturated but may have greater saturation along the east side of Jackson Creek immediately north of Breesport. Till deposits confine sand and gravel along Newtown Creek at Erin, N.Y., and along much of the upper reach of North Branch Newtown Creek; this confining unit may limit recharge and potential well yield. The north-south oriented valleys of Baldwin and Wynkoop Creeks end at notched divides that imply input of glacial meltwater and limited sediment from outside of the present watersheds. These two valleys are relatively narrow but contain variably sorted sand and gravel, which, in places, may be capable of supplying modest-size community water systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155092","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","usgsCitation":"Heisig, P.M., 2015, Hydrogeology of valley-fill aquifers and adjacent areas in eastern Chemung County, New York: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5092, 19 p. plus appendix and 1 pl., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155092.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 18 p.; Plate: 36 x 48 inches; HTML Document; Appendix","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-056841","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":310038,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5092/images/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":310043,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5092/pdf/sir20155092.pdf","text":"Report","size":"7.56 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5092"},{"id":310039,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5092/plate.html","text":"SIR 2015-5092 - Plate Instructions","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"SIR 2015-5092"},{"id":310048,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5092/pdf/sir20155092_plate1.pdf","text":"SIR 2015-5092 - Plate 1 - 36” x 48”","size":"63 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5092"},{"id":310040,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5092/attachments/sir20155092_appendix1.xlsx","text":"SIR 2015-5092 - Appendix 1","size":"86 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIR 2015-5092"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Chemung County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.53051757812499,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -77.53051757812499,\n 42.706659563510385\n ],\n [\n -76.22863769531249,\n 42.706659563510385\n ],\n [\n -76.22863769531249,\n 42.00032514831621\n ],\n [\n -77.53051757812499,\n 42.00032514831621\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New York Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
425 Jordan Road
Troy, NY 12180-8349
(518) 285-5602
Visit our Web site at:
http://ny.water.usgs.gov
The Alamosa 30'× 60' quadrangle is located in the central San Luis Basin of southern Colorado and is bisected by the Rio Grande. The Rio Grande has headwaters in the San Juan Mountains of Colorado and ultimately discharges into the Gulf of Mexico 3,000 kilometers (km) downstream. Alluvial floodplains and associated deposits of the Rio Grande and east-draining tributaries, La Jara Creek and Conejos River, occupy the north-central and northwestern part of the map area. Alluvial deposits of west-draining Rio Grande tributaries, Culebra and Costilla Creeks, bound the Costilla Plain in the south-central part of the map area. The San Luis Hills, a northeast-trending series of flat-topped mesas and hills, dominate the landscape in the central and southwestern part of the map and preserve fault-bound Neogene basin surfaces and deposits. The Precambrian-cored Sangre de Cristo Mountains rise to an elevation of nearly 4,300 meters (m), almost 2,000 m above the valley floor, in the eastern part of the map area. In total, the map area contains deposits that record surficial, tectonic, sedimentary, volcanic, magmatic, and metamorphic processes over the past 1.7 billion years.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3342","usgsCitation":"Thompson, R.A., Shroba, R.R., Machette, M.N., Fridrich, C.J., Brandt, T.R., and Cosca, M.A., 2015, Geologic map of the Alamosa 30’ × 60’ quadrangle, south-central Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3342, 23 p., scale 1:100,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3342. (Supersedes Open-File Report 2005–1392, and Open-File Report 2008–1124.)","productDescription":"Report: iv, 22 p.; 2 Plates: 56.00 x 39.74 inches; Metadata; Spatial Data; Read Me","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-059975","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309828,"rank":7,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3342/sim3342.met"},{"id":309827,"rank":6,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3342/00ReadMe.txt","size":"8.46 kB","description":"SIM 3342 Read Me"},{"id":309826,"rank":5,"type":{"id":28,"text":"Dataset"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3342/datafiles","text":"Geospatial database"},{"id":309825,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3342/sim3342_map_hillshade.pdf","text":"Map with hillshade","size":"106 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3342 Map Hillshade"},{"id":309824,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3342/sim3342_map.pdf","text":"Map","size":"83 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3343 Plate"},{"id":309823,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3342/sim3342.pdf","text":"Report","size":"11.7 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3342"},{"id":309822,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3342/coverthb.jpg"}],"scale":"100000","country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Alamosa, Rio Grand River, San Juan Mountains, San Luis,","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.32568359375,\n 36.99816565700228\n ],\n [\n -106.32568359375,\n 37.898697801966094\n ],\n [\n -104.80957031249999,\n 37.898697801966094\n ],\n [\n -104.80957031249999,\n 36.99816565700228\n ],\n [\n -106.32568359375,\n 36.99816565700228\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 980
Denver, CO 80225
http://gec.cr.usgs.gov/
Counter-current heat exchangers associated with appendages of endotherms feature bundles of closely applied arteriovenous vessels. The accepted paradigm is that heat from warm arterial blood travelling into the appendage crosses into cool venous blood returning to the body. High core temperature is maintained, but the appendage functions at low temperature. Leatherback turtles have elevated core temperatures in cold seawater and arteriovenous plexuses at the roots of all four limbs. We demonstrate that plexuses of the hindlimbs are situated wholly within the hip musculature, and that, at the distal ends of the plexuses, most blood vessels supply or drain the hip muscles, with little distal vascular supply to, or drainage from the limb blades. Venous blood entering a plexus will therefore be drained from active locomotory muscles that are overlaid by thick blubber when the adults are foraging in cold temperate waters. Plexuses maintain high limb muscle temperature and avoid excessive loss of heat to the core, the reverse of the accepted paradigm. Plexuses protect the core from overheating generated by muscular thermogenesis during nesting.
","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2015.0592","usgsCitation":"Davenport, J., Jones, T., Work, T.M., and Balazs, G.H., 2015, Topsy-turvy: Turning the counter-current heat exchange of leatherback turtles upside down: Biology Letters, v. 11, no. 10, e0592, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2015.0592.","productDescription":"e0592","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059965","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471718,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2015.0592","text":"External Repository"},{"id":309906,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5620c028e4b06217fc478aaa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davenport, John","contributorId":68643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davenport","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, T. Todd","contributorId":61334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"T. Todd","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Work, Thierry M. 0000-0002-4426-9090 thierry_work@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-9090","contributorId":1187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Work","given":"Thierry","email":"thierry_work@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Balazs, George H.","contributorId":88195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Balazs","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159054,"text":"70159054 - 2015 - Identifying block structure in the Pacific Northwest, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-21T13:33:47","indexId":"70159054","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-15T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identifying block structure in the Pacific Northwest, USA","docAbstract":"We have identified block structure in the Pacific Northwest (west of 116°W between 38°N and 49°N) by clustering GPS stations so that the same Euler vector approximates the velocity of each station in a cluster. Given the total number k of clusters desired, the clustering procedure finds the best assignment of stations to clusters. Clustering is calculated for k= 2 to 14. In geographic space, cluster boundaries that remain relatively stable as k is increased are tentatively identified as block boundaries. That identification is reinforced if the cluster boundary coincides with a geologic feature. Boundaries identified in northern California and Nevada are the Central Nevada Seismic Belt, the west side of the Northern Walker Lane Belt, and the Bartlett Springs Fault. Three blocks cover all of Oregon and Washington. The principal block boundary there extends west-northwest along the Brothers Fault Zone, then north and northwest along the eastern boundary of Siletzia, the accreted oceanic basement of the forearc. East of this boundary is the Intermountain block, its eastern boundary undefined. A cluster boundary at Cape Blanco subdivides the forearc along the faulted southern margin of Siletzia. South of Cape Blanco the Klamath Mountains-Basin and Range block extends east to the Central Nevada Seismic Belt and south to the Sierra Nevada-Great Valley block. The Siletzia block north of Cape Blanco coincides almost exactly with the accreted Siletz terrane. The cluster boundary in the eastern Olympic Peninsula may mark permanent shortening of Siletzia against the Intermountain block.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015JB012277","usgsCitation":"Savage, J.C., and Wells, R.E., 2015, Identifying block structure in the Pacific Northwest, USA: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 120, no. 11, p. 7905-7916, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JB012277.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"7905","endPage":"7916","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069469","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471719,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jb012277","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":309896,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.61767578124999,\n 49.03786794532644\n ],\n [\n -118.85009765625,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -119.091796875,\n 48.472921272487824\n ],\n [\n -120.25634765624999,\n 46.965259400349275\n ],\n [\n -120.73974609374999,\n 45.336701909968106\n ],\n [\n -120.87158203125,\n 42.94033923363183\n ],\n [\n -120.0146484375,\n 40.979898069620155\n ],\n [\n -117.92724609375,\n 40.12849105685408\n ],\n [\n -117.31201171875001,\n 39.53793974517628\n ],\n [\n -117.92724609375,\n 38.28993659801203\n ],\n [\n -120.41015624999999,\n 37.68382032669382\n ],\n [\n -122.49755859375,\n 37.405073750176946\n ],\n [\n -123.50830078125,\n 38.65119833229951\n ],\n [\n -123.85986328124999,\n 39.095962936305504\n ],\n [\n -123.99169921875,\n 39.825413103424786\n ],\n [\n -124.47509765625,\n 40.396764305572056\n ],\n [\n -124.3212890625,\n 41.062786068733026\n ],\n [\n -124.18945312500001,\n 41.80407814427237\n ],\n [\n -124.69482421875,\n 42.98857645832184\n ],\n [\n -124.365234375,\n 43.75522505306928\n ],\n [\n -124.16748046874999,\n 45.089035564831036\n ],\n [\n -124.21142578125,\n 46.5739667965278\n ],\n [\n -124.47509765625,\n 47.53203824675999\n ],\n [\n -124.87060546874999,\n 48.06339653776211\n ],\n [\n -125.61767578124999,\n 49.03786794532644\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"120","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5620c026e4b06217fc478aa8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, James C. 0000-0002-5114-7673 jasavage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":2412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"James","email":"jasavage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wells, Ray E. 0000-0002-7796-0160 rwells@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-0160","contributorId":141072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"Ray","email":"rwells@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":577546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70159139,"text":"70159139 - 2015 - Petrology and diagenetic history of the upper shale member of the Late Devonian-Early Mississippian Bakken Formation, Williston Basin, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-14T10:21:03","indexId":"70159139","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-15T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1727,"text":"GSA Special Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Petrology and diagenetic history of the upper shale member of the Late Devonian-Early Mississippian Bakken Formation, Williston Basin, North Dakota","docAbstract":"The organic-rich upper shale member of the upper Devonian–lower Mississippian Bakken Formation (Williston Basin, North Dakota, USA) has undergone significant diagenetic alteration, irrespective of catagenesis related to hydrocarbon generation. Alteration includes precipitation of numerous cements, replacement of both detrital and authigenic minerals, multiple episodes of fracturing, and compaction. Quartz authigenesis occurred throughout much of the member, and is represented by multiple generations of microcrystalline quartz. Chalcedonic quartz fills radiolarian microfossils and is present in the matrix. Sulfide minerals include pyrite and sphalerite. Carbonate diagenesis is volumetrically minor and includes thin dolomite overgrowths and calcite cement. At least two generations of fractures are observed. Based on the authigenic minerals and their relative timing of formation, the evolution of pore waters can be postulated. Dolomite and calcite resulted from early postdepositional aerobic oxidation of some of the abundant organic material in the formation. Following aerobic oxidation, conditions became anoxic and sulfide minerals precipitated. Transformation of the originally opaline tests of radiolaria resulted in precipitation of quartz, and quartz authigenesis is most common in more distal parts of the depositional basin where radiolaria were abundant. Because quartz authigenesis is related to the distribution of radiolaria, there is a link between diagenesis and depositional environment. Furthermore, much of the diagenesis in the upper shale member preceded hydrocarbon generation, so early postdepositional processes were responsible for occlusion of significant original porosity in the member. Thus, diagenetic mineral precipitation was at least partly responsible for the limited ability of these mudstones to provide porosity for storage of hydrocarbons.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2015.2515(07)","usgsCitation":"Fishman, N.S., Egenhoff, S.O., Boehlke, A., and Lowers, H., 2015, Petrology and diagenetic history of the upper shale member of the Late Devonian-Early Mississippian Bakken Formation, Williston Basin, North Dakota: GSA Special Papers, v. 515, p. 125-151, https://doi.org/10.1130/2015.2515(07).","productDescription":"27 p","startPage":"125","endPage":"151","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055258","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309976,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Williston Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.051513671875,\n 47.137424646293866\n ],\n [\n -104.051513671875,\n 48.38544219115486\n ],\n [\n -102.249755859375,\n 48.38544219115486\n ],\n [\n -102.249755859375,\n 47.137424646293866\n ],\n [\n -104.051513671875,\n 47.137424646293866\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"515","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56221fb4e4b06217fc479227","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fishman, Neil S.","contributorId":149263,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fishman","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":17690,"text":"Hess Corp.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":577681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Egenhoff, Sven O.","contributorId":149264,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Egenhoff","given":"Sven","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":6737,"text":"Colorado State University, Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, and Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":577682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boehlke, Adam 0000-0003-4980-431X aboehlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4980-431X","contributorId":3470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boehlke","given":"Adam","email":"aboehlke@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lowers, Heather A. hlowers@usgs.gov","contributorId":149265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowers","given":"Heather A.","email":"hlowers@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":577683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70159124,"text":"70159124 - 2015 - Interactive effects of climate change with nutrients, mercury, and freshwater acidification on key taxa in the North Atlantic Landscape Conservation Cooperative region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:31:42","indexId":"70159124","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2006,"text":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interactive effects of climate change with nutrients, mercury, and freshwater acidification on key taxa in the North Atlantic Landscape Conservation Cooperative region","docAbstract":"The North Atlantic Landscape Conservation Cooperative LCC (NA LCC) is a public–private partnership that provides information to support conservation decisions that may be affected by global climate change (GCC) and other threats. The NA LCC region extends from southeast Virginia to the Canadian Maritime Provinces. Within this region, the US National Climate Assessment documented increases in air temperature, total precipitation, frequency of heavy precipitation events, and rising sea level, and predicted more drastic changes. Here, we synthesize literature on the effects of GCC interacting with selected contaminant, nutrient, and environmental processes to adversely affect natural resources within this region. Using a case study approach, we focused on 3 stressors with sufficient NA LCC region-specific information for an informed discussion. We describe GCC interactions with a contaminant (Hg) and 2 complex environmental phenomena—freshwater acidification and eutrophication. We also prepared taxa case studies on GCC- and GCC-contaminant/nutrient/process effects on amphibians and freshwater mussels. Several avian species of high conservation concern have blood Hg concentrations that have been associated with reduced nesting success. Freshwater acidification has adversely affected terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in the Adirondacks and other areas of the region that are slowly recovering due to decreased emissions of N and sulfur oxides. Eutrophication in many estuaries within the region is projected to increase from greater storm runoff and less denitrification in riparian wetlands. Estuarine hypoxia may be exacerbated by increased stratification. Elevated water temperature favors algal species that produce harmful algal blooms (HABs). In several of the region's estuaries, HABs have been associated with bird die-offs. In the NA LCC region, amphibian populations appear to be declining. Some species may be adversely affected by GCC through higher temperatures and more frequent droughts. GCC may affect freshwater mussel populations via altered stream temperatures and increased sediment loading during heavy storms. Freshwater mussels are sensitive to un-ionized ammonia that more toxic at higher temperatures. We recommend studying the interactive effects of GCC on generation and bioavailability of methylmercury and how GCC-driven shifts in bird species distributions will affect avian exposure to methylmercury. Research is needed on how decreases in acid deposition concurrent with GCC will alter the structure and function of sensitive watersheds and surface waters. Studies are needed to determine how GCC will affect HABs and avian disease, and how more severe and extensive hypoxia will affect fish and shellfish populations. Regarding amphibians, we suggest research on 1) thermal tolerance and moisture requirements of species of concern, 2) effects of multiple stressors (temperature, desiccation, contaminants, nutrients), and 3) approaches to mitigate impacts of increased temperature and seasonal drought. We recommend studies to assess which mussel species and populations are vulnerable and which are resilient to rising stream temperatures, hydrological shifts, and ionic pollutants, all of which are influenced by GCC.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ieam.1612","usgsCitation":"Pinkney, A.E., Driscoll, C.T., Evers, D.C., Hooper, M.J., Horan, J., Jones, J.W., Lazarus, R.S., Marshall, H.G., Milliken, A., Rattner, B.A., Schmerfeld, J.J., and Sparling, D.W., 2015, Interactive effects of climate change with nutrients, mercury, and freshwater acidification on key taxa in the North Atlantic Landscape Conservation Cooperative region: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, v. 11, no. 3, p. 355-369, https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1612.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"355","endPage":"369","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056335","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471721,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1612","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":309978,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.596435546875,\n 36.500805317604794\n ],\n [\n -77.596435546875,\n 39.9602803542957\n ],\n [\n -75.245361328125,\n 39.9602803542957\n ],\n [\n -75.245361328125,\n 36.500805317604794\n ],\n [\n -77.596435546875,\n 36.500805317604794\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56221fafe4b06217fc47921b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pinkney, Alfred 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W.","contributorId":84279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Jess","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lazarus, Rebecca S. 0000-0003-1731-6469 rlazarus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1731-6469","contributorId":5594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lazarus","given":"Rebecca","email":"rlazarus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":647191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Marshall, Harold G.","contributorId":174077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marshall","given":"Harold","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Milliken, Andrew","contributorId":174078,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Milliken","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843 brattner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":4142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett","email":"brattner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":647194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Schmerfeld, John J.","contributorId":127382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmerfeld","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6927,"text":"USFWS, National Wildlife Refuge System","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":647195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Sparling, Donald W.","contributorId":7220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sparling","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":647196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70173436,"text":"70173436 - 2015 - Landscape-scale determinants of native and nonnative Great Plains fish distributions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-14T15:33:04","indexId":"70173436","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1399,"text":"Diversity and Distributions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Landscape-scale determinants of native and nonnative Great Plains fish distributions","docAbstract":"Landscape-scale factors may have differential effects on the distribution of native and non-native fishes and may help explain invasion success and species declines.
\nGreat Plains, Wyoming, USA
\nWe used hierarchical Bayesian mixture models and constrained ordination techniques to evaluate associations between landscape-scale factors on native and non-native fish species richness, reproductive guilds and individual species distributions.
\nPredicted responses between landscape-scale factors and native and non-native fish species richness were similar, except non-native fish species richness that was positively associated with density of oil and gas wells. Non-native fish species richness was also positively associated with native fish species richness. Spawning guild composition differed between native and non-native fishes. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed that the most abundant non-native and only a few native species were positively associated with oil and gas wells.
\nThe similar relationships between native and non-native fish species richness are likely evidence that they share similar ecological rules, which supports that non-native species become naturalized and they may be affected by the same environmental factors that determine distribution of native species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ddi.12383","usgsCitation":"Stewart, D., Walters, A.W., and Rahel, F.J., 2015, Landscape-scale determinants of native and nonnative Great Plains fish distributions: Diversity and Distributions, v. 22, no. 2, p. 225-238, https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12383.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"225","endPage":"238","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063585","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471722,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12383","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323606,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57612ab2e4b04f417c2ce4b7","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/ddi.12383","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12383","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Stewart David R., Walters Annika W., Rahel Frank J.","journalName":"Diversity and Distributions","publicationDate":"10/15/2015","auditedOn":"11/17/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, David R.","contributorId":141323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"David R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walters, Annika W. 0000-0002-8638-6682 awalters@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8638-6682","contributorId":4190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"Annika","email":"awalters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rahel, Frank J.","contributorId":171824,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rahel","given":"Frank","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":638796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70158634,"text":"ofr20151193 - 2015 - Hindcast storm events in the Bering Sea for the St. Lawrence Island and Unalakleet Regions, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-23T12:38:19","indexId":"ofr20151193","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-14T18:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1193","title":"Hindcast storm events in the Bering Sea for the St. Lawrence Island and Unalakleet Regions, Alaska","docAbstract":"This study provides viable estimates of historical storm-induced water levels in the coastal communities of Gambell and Savoonga situated on St. Lawrence Island in the Bering Sea, as well as Unalakleet located at the head of Norton Sound on the western coast of Alaska. Gambell, Savoonga, and Unalakleet are small Native Villages that are regularly impacted by coastal storms but where little quantitative information about these storms exists. The closest continuous water-level gauge is at Nome, located more than 200 kilometers from both St. Lawrence Island and Unalakleet. In this study, storms are identified and quantified using historical atmospheric and sea-ice data and then used as boundary conditions for a suite of numerical models. The work includes storm-surge (temporary rise in water levels due to persistent strong winds and low atmospheric pressures) modeling in the Bering Strait region, as well as modeling of wave runup along specified sections of the coast in Gambell and Unalakleet. Modeled historical water levels are used to develop return periods of storm surge and storm surge plus wave runup at key locations in each community. It is anticipated that the results will fill some of the data void regarding coastal flood data in western Alaska and be used for production of coastal vulnerability maps and community planning efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151193","usgsCitation":"Erikson, L., McCall, R.T., van Rooijen, A., and Norris, B., 2015, Hindcast storm events in the Bering Sea for the St. Lawrence Island and Unalakleet Regions, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1193, vii, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151193.","productDescription":"vii, 47 p.","numberOfPages":"57","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059633","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309820,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1193/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":309821,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1193/ofr20151193.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1192"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Bering Sea, St. Lawrence Island, Unalakleet Regions","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -171.87011718749997,\n 63.84066844285508\n ],\n [\n -171.36474609375,\n 63.75334975181205\n ],\n [\n -171.01318359374997,\n 63.6949869286095\n ],\n [\n -170.595703125,\n 63.80189351770543\n ],\n [\n -169.892578125,\n 63.66576033778838\n ],\n [\n -169.56298828124997,\n 63.470144746565445\n ],\n [\n -168.64013671875,\n 63.37183226679281\n ],\n [\n -168.55224609375,\n 63.05495931065107\n ],\n [\n -169.21142578125,\n 63.06491420208559\n ],\n [\n -169.56298828124997,\n 62.865168668923125\n ],\n [\n -170.22216796875,\n 62.94523066452288\n ],\n [\n -170.52978515624997,\n 63.22373025329546\n ],\n [\n -171.2109375,\n 63.28306240110864\n ],\n [\n -171.54052734375,\n 63.22373025329546\n ],\n [\n -172.06787109375,\n 63.361982464431236\n ],\n [\n -171.87011718749997,\n 63.84066844285508\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -161.69677734375,\n 64.74601725111455\n ],\n [\n -161.38916015625,\n 64.830253743883\n ],\n [\n -160.7080078125,\n 64.830253743883\n ],\n [\n -160.55419921875,\n 64.67091929440798\n ],\n [\n -160.59814453125,\n 64.37794095121995\n ],\n [\n -160.75195312499997,\n 64.20637724320852\n ],\n [\n -161.25732421875,\n 64.07219957867284\n ],\n [\n -162.09228515625,\n 64.19681461100495\n ],\n [\n -161.982421875,\n 64.58618480339979\n ],\n [\n -161.806640625,\n 64.74601725111455\n ],\n [\n -161.69677734375,\n 64.74601725111455\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Pacific Science Center
2885 Mission St.
Santa Cruz, CA 95060
http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/
In 2009, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the city of Needles, began a study of the hydrogeology along the All-American Canal, which conveys water from the Colorado River to the Imperial Valley. The focus of this study was to gain a better understanding of the effect of lining the All-American Canal, and other management actions, on future total dissolved solids concentrations in groundwater pumped by Lower Colorado Water Supply Project wells that is delivered to the All-American Canal. The study included the compilation and evaluation of previously published hydrogeologic and geochemical information, establishment of a groundwater-elevation and groundwater-quality monitoring network, results of monitoring groundwater elevations and groundwater quality from 2009 to 2011, site-specific hydrologic investigations of the Lower Colorado Water Supply Project area, examination of groundwater salinity by depth by using time-domain electromagnetic surveys, and monitoring of groundwater-storage change by using microgravity methods.
\nPrior to the completion of the All-American Canal in 1940, groundwater in the study area flowed from east to west, and groundwater was recharged primarily by underflow from the Colorado River Valley. After construction of the All-American Canal, groundwater elevations were altered in the study area as seepage of Colorado River water from the All-American Canal and other canals became the dominant recharge source. By 2005, groundwater elevations had increased by as much as 50–70 feet along the All-American Canal. Superimposed on the east-to-west groundwater gradient was groundwater movement away from the All-American Canal to the north and, most likely, to the south into Mexico. After lining the All-American Canal, from 2007 to 2010, groundwater elevations declined as seepage from the All-American Canal decreased. Between 2005 (the last complete groundwater-elevation survey prior to lining the All-American Canal) and 2011, groundwater elevations declined 20–40 feet along the All-American Canal and as much as 40–45 feet in the vicinity of Lower Colorado Water Supply Project pumping wells.
\nWater-quality and isotope data were used to differentiate historically recharged groundwater from groundwater more recently recharged by seepage of Colorado River surface water from the All-American Canal. Prior to the completion of the All-American Canal in 1940, groundwater in the southern part of the study area was primarily sodium-chloride/sulfate type water that had relatively low total dissolved solids concentrations (500–820 milligrams per liter). During 2007–11, groundwater in the southern part of the study area, near the All-American Canal, ranged from sodium-chloride type water to mixed-cation-sulfate type water that had total dissolved solids concentrations generally less than 879 milligrams per liter. The stable-isotopic signature of groundwater near the All-American Canal sampled in 2009–11 indicated inputs of Colorado River water that had been affected by evaporation, and radioactive isotopes indicated that a substantial fraction of water had been recharged recently, within the past 60 years. This contrasted with historically recharged groundwater near the All-American Canal, which had higher sodium and chloride concentrations, and lower calcium and sulfate concentrations, than recent recharge from the All-American Canal.
\nGroundwater at a distance from the All-American Canal, in the East Mesa, Algodones Dunes, Pilot Knob Mesa, and Cargo Muchacho Mountains piedmont, was found to have higher total dissolved solids concentrations (generally greater than 1,000 milligrams per liter) than recently recharged groundwater near the All-American Canal. Time-domain electromagnetic data indicated that low-salinity groundwater was present down to about 377 feet below land surface near the All-American Canal; groundwater salinity at depth increased with distance north from the All-American Canal. Groundwater several miles or more from the canal also did not contain tritium and had a residence time on the order of thousands to tens of thousands of years. The groundwater in the piedmont of the Cargo Muchacho Mountains had a distinctly light stable-isotopic signature indicative of recharge by runoff from local precipitation, whereas the stable isotopic signature of groundwater in the East Mesa and the Algodones Dunes indicated a mixture of local precipitation and historic Colorado River recharge sources.
\nDuring and after lining the All-American Canal (2007–11), groundwater elevations in the Lower Colorado Water Supply Project area declined, while total dissolved solids concentrations remained relatively constant. The total dissolved solids concentrations in well LCWSP-2 ranged from 650 to 800 milligrams per liter during this study. Depth-specific water-quality and isotope sampling at well LCWSP-2 indicated the groundwater pumped from the deeper part of the screened interval (240–280 feet below land surface) contained a greater proportion of historical groundwater than the groundwater pumped from the shallower part of the screened interval (350–385 feet below land surface). Age-tracer data at well LCWSP-2 indicated that all depths of the screened interval had received recent recharge from seepage of Colorado River water from the All-American Canal.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155102","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the city of Needles, California","usgsCitation":"Coes, A.L., Land, M., Densmore, J.N., Landrum, M.T., Beisner, K.R., Kennedy, J.R., Macy, J.P., and Tillman, F., 2015, Initial characterization of the groundwater system near the Lower Colorado Water Supply Project, Imperial Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015-5102, Report: viii, 59 p.; Appendix: 1, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20155102.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 59 p.; Appendix: 1","numberOfPages":"72","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-019073","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309788,"rank":2,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5102/sir20155102_appendix1.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1","size":"56 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIR 2015-5102 Appendix 1"},{"id":309894,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5102/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":309787,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5102/sir20155102.pdf","text":"Report","size":"17 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5102"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Imperial Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.87829589843751,\n 32.72721987021932\n ],\n [\n -115.87829589843751,\n 33.06852769197118\n ],\n [\n -114.71923828124999,\n 33.06852769197118\n ],\n [\n -114.71923828124999,\n 32.72721987021932\n ],\n [\n -115.87829589843751,\n 32.72721987021932\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
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Sacramento, California 95819
http://ca.water.usgs.gov
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Iowa Department of Natural Resources, constructed Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System models to estimate daily streamflow for nine river basins in eastern Iowa that drain into the Mississippi River. The models are part of a suite of methods for estimating daily streamflow at ungaged sites. The Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System is a deterministic, distributed- parameter, physical-process-based modeling system developed to evaluate the response of streamflow and general drainage basin hydrology to various combinations of climate and land use. Calibration and validation periods used in each basin mostly were October 1, 2002, through September 30, 2012, but differed depending on the period of record available for daily mean streamflow measurements at U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations.
\nA geographic information system tool was used to delineate each basin and estimate values for model parameters based on basin physical and geographical features. A U.S. Geological Survey auto-calibration tool that uses a shuffled complex evolution algorithm was used for initial calibration, and then manual modifications were made to parameter values to complete the calibration of each basin model. The main objective of the calibration was to match daily discharge values of simulated streamflow to measured daily discharge values.
\nThe accuracy of Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System model streamflow estimates of nine river basins in eastern Iowa as compared to measured values at U.S. Geological Survey streamflow-gaging stations varied. The Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System models of nine river basins in eastern Iowa were satisfactory at estimating daily streamflow at 57 of the 79 calibration sites and 13 of the 14 validation sites based on statistical results. Unsatisfactory performance can be contributed to several factors: (1) low flow, no flow, and flashy flow conditions in headwater subbasins having a small drainage area; (2) poor representation of the groundwater and storage components of flow within a basin; (3) lack of accounting for basin withdrawals and water use; and (4) the availability and accuracy of meteorological input data. The Precipitation- Runoff Modeling System models of nine river basins in eastern Iowa will provide water-resource managers with a consistent and documented method for estimating streamflow at ungaged sites and aid in environmental studies, hydraulic design, water management, and water-quality projects.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155129","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Iowa Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Haj, A.E., Christiansen, D.E., and Hutchinson, K.J., 2015, Simulation of daily streamflow for nine river basins in eastern\nIowa using the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report\n2015–5129, 29 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155129.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p.","numberOfPages":"38","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067401","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309818,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5129/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":309819,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5129/sir20155129.pdf","text":"Report","size":"20.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5129"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.263427734375,\n 43.810747313446996\n ],\n [\n -96.04248046875,\n 43.96909818325174\n ],\n [\n -94.50439453125,\n 41.07935114946899\n ],\n [\n -92.64770507812499,\n 40.59727063442027\n ],\n [\n -91.40625,\n 40.245991504199026\n ],\n [\n -90.94482421875,\n 40.98819156349393\n ],\n [\n -91.12060546875,\n 41.3025710943056\n ],\n [\n -91.01074218749999,\n 41.45919537950706\n ],\n [\n -90.3515625,\n 41.566141964768384\n ],\n [\n -90.120849609375,\n 42.02481360781777\n ],\n [\n -90.439453125,\n 42.35042512243457\n ],\n [\n -90.72509765625,\n 42.62587560259137\n ],\n [\n -91.03271484375,\n 42.71473218539458\n ],\n [\n -91.175537109375,\n 43.14909399920127\n ],\n [\n -91.0546875,\n 43.31718491566708\n ],\n [\n -91.25244140624999,\n 43.46089378008257\n ],\n [\n -91.263427734375,\n 43.810747313446996\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Iowa Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
P.O. Box 1230
Iowa City, IA 52244
http://ia.water.usgs.gov/
The use of acoustic and other parameters as surrogates for suspended-sediment concentrations (SSC) in rivers has been successful in multiple applications across the Nation. Tools to process and evaluate the data are critical to advancing the operational use of surrogates along with the subsequent development of regression models from which real-time sediment concentrations can be made available to the public. Recent developments in both areas are having an immediate impact on surrogate research and on surrogate monitoring sites currently (2015) in operation.
\nThe Surrogate Analysis and Index Developer (SAID) standalone tool, under development by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), assists in the creation of linear regression models that relate constituent and surrogate parameters by providing visual and quantitative diagnostics to the user. SAID also processes acoustic parameters to be used as explanatory variables for SSC. The sediment acoustic method utilizes acoustic parameters from fixed-mount stationary equipment. The theory and method used by the SAID tool have been described in recent publications. The tool also serves to support sediment-acoustic-index methods and other surrogate guidelines such as turbidity and SSC (Rasmussen and others, 2009).
\nThe regression models created in SAID can be used in utilities that have been developed to work with the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS) and for the USGS National Real-Time Water Quality (NRTWQ) Web site. The real-time dissemination of predicted SSC and prediction intervals for each time step has substantial potential to improve understanding of sediment-related water quality and associated engineering and ecological management decisions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151177","collaboration":"Federal Interagency Sedimentation Project and Midwest Region River Sediments and Nutrients Investigations Initiative","usgsCitation":"Domanski, M.M., Straub, T.D., and Landers, M.N., 2015, Surrogate Analysis and Index Developer (SAID) tool (version 1.0, September 2015): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1177, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151177.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 36 p.; HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-066947","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309366,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1177/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":309367,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1177/ofr20151177.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.18 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1177"},{"id":309845,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/osw/SALT/SAID/","text":"The Surrogate Analysis and Index Developer (SAID) Tool","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"OFR 2015-1177"}],"contact":"Director, llinois Water Science Center
405 N Goodwin
Urbana, IL 61801
http://il.water.usgs.gov/
Using a geology-based assessment methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated a mean of 23.9 trillion cubic feet of technically recoverable shale gas resources in Paleozoic formations in the Sichuan Basin of China.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153053","usgsCitation":"Potter, C.J., Schenk, C.J., Charpentier, R.R., Gaswirth, S.B., Klett, T.R., Leathers, H.M., Brownfield, M.E., Mercier, T.J., Tennyson, M.E., and Pitman, J.K., 2015, Assessment of Paleozoic shale gas resources in the Sichuan Basin of China, 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015–3053, 4 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20153053.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066165","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309747,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3053/fs20153053.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.91 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2015-3053"},{"id":309746,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3053/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"China","otherGeospatial":"Sichuan Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 107.51220703125,\n 31.44741029142872\n ],\n [\n 106.54541015625,\n 32.194208672875384\n ],\n [\n 105.029296875,\n 32.24997445586331\n ],\n [\n 103.0078125,\n 30.012030680358613\n ],\n [\n 103.90869140625,\n 29.209713225868185\n ],\n [\n 105.35888671875,\n 28.65203063036226\n ],\n [\n 107.9296875,\n 29.878755346037977\n ],\n [\n 108.69873046875,\n 30.732392734006083\n ],\n [\n 109.4677734375,\n 30.883369321692268\n ],\n [\n 109.48974609375,\n 31.203404950917395\n ],\n [\n 107.51220703125,\n 31.44741029142872\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Central Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-939
Denver Federal Center
Denver, CO 80225-0046
http://energy.usgs.gov/
Digital flood-inundation maps for a 5.3-mile reach of South Fork Peachtree Creek that extends from about 500 feet above the Brockett Road bridge to the Willivee Drive bridge were developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with DeKalb County, Georgia. The flood-inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation, depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at the USGS streamgage at South Fork Peachtree at Casa Drive, near Clarkston, Georgia (02336152). Real-time stage information from this USGS streamgage may be obtained at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/ and can be used in conjunction with these maps to estimate near real-time areas of inundation. The National Weather Service (NWS) is incorporating results from this study into the Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (AHPS) flood-warning system (http://water.weather.gov/ahps/).
\nA one-dimensional step-backwater model was developed using the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers HEC–RAS software for South Fork Peachtree Creek and was used to compute flood profiles for a 5.3-mile reach of South Fork Peachtree Creek. The model was calibrated using the most current (2015) stage-discharge relation at the USGS streamgage South Fork Peachtree at Casa Drive, near Clarkston, Georgia (02336152). The hydraulic model was then used to simulate 13 water-surface profiles at 0.5-foot intervals at the South Fork Peachtree Creek near Clarkston streamgage. The profiles ranged from just above bankfull stage (6.0 feet) to approximately 3.21 feet above the highest recorded water level (12.0 feet). The simulated water-surface profiles were then combined with a geographic information system digital elevation model—derived from light detection and ranging data having a 5.0-foot horizontal resolution—to delineate the area flooded at each 0.5-foot interval of stream stage.
\nThe availability of these flood-inundation maps, when combined with real-time stage information from USGS streamgages, provides emergency management personnel and residents with critical information during flood-response activities, such as evacuations and road closures, in addition to post-flood recovery efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3347","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with DeKalb County, Georgia","usgsCitation":"Musser, J.W., 2015, Flood-inundation maps for South Fork Peachtree Creek from the Brockett Road bridge to the Willivee Drive bridge, DeKalb County, Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3347, 13 sheets, 10-p. pamphlet, https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sim3347.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 10 p.; 13 Sheets: 30.50 x 21.00 inches; Metadata; Raw Data","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-068577","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309770,"rank":7,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3347/pdf/sim3347_sheet5.pdf","text":"Sheet05 - Gage height of 8.0 feet and an elevation of 940.2 feet at streamgage 02336152","size":"10.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3347"},{"id":309771,"rank":8,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3347/pdf/sim3347_sheet6.pdf","text":"Sheet06 - 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U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Columbia, SC 29210
http://www.usgs.gov/water/southatlantic/
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","usgsCitation":"Berquist, C.R., Shah, A.K., and Karst, A.T., 2015, Placer deposits of the Atlantic coastal plain: Stratigraphy, sedimentology, mineral resources, mining, and reclamation Cove Point, Maryland, Williamsburg and Stony Creek, Virginia, 48 p.","productDescription":"48 p.","ipdsId":"IP-069073","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":382804,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":382803,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.segweb.org/store/detail.aspx?id=EDOCGB50"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","city":"Cove Point, Stony Creek, Williamsburg","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.7449951171875,\n 37.231421807404715\n ],\n [\n -76.65779113769531,\n 37.231421807404715\n ],\n [\n -76.65779113769531,\n 37.287711487444234\n ],\n [\n -76.7449951171875,\n 37.287711487444234\n ],\n [\n -76.7449951171875,\n 37.231421807404715\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.43919372558594,\n 36.91201927144692\n ],\n [\n -77.36503601074219,\n 36.91201927144692\n ],\n [\n -77.36503601074219,\n 36.972935408083124\n ],\n [\n -77.43919372558594,\n 36.972935408083124\n ],\n [\n -77.43919372558594,\n 36.91201927144692\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.4000415802002,\n 38.37174162594369\n ],\n [\n -76.3758373260498,\n 38.37174162594369\n ],\n [\n -76.3758373260498,\n 38.39172436277712\n ],\n [\n -76.4000415802002,\n 38.39172436277712\n ],\n [\n -76.4000415802002,\n 38.37174162594369\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berquist, C. Rick Jr.","contributorId":42297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berquist","given":"C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"Rick","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shah, Anjana K. 0000-0002-3198-081X ashah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3198-081X","contributorId":2297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shah","given":"Anjana","email":"ashah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Karst, Adam T.","contributorId":194018,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Karst","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70159144,"text":"70159144 - 2015 - Compound-specific sulfur isotope analysis of thiadiamondoids of oils from the Smackover Formation, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-16T10:48:49","indexId":"70159144","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-14T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Compound-specific sulfur isotope analysis of thiadiamondoids of oils from the Smackover Formation, USA","docAbstract":"Thiadiamondoids (TDs) are diamond-like compounds with a sulfide bond located within the cage structure. These compounds were suggested as a molecular proxy for the occurrence and extent of thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR). Compound-specific sulfur-isotope analysis of TDs may create a multi-parameter system, based on molecular and δ34S values that may be sensitive over a wider range of TSR and thermal maturation stages. In this study, we analyzed a suite of 12 Upper Jurassic oil and condensate samples generated from source rocks in the Smackover Formation to perform a systematic study of the sulfur isotope distribution in thiadiamondoids (one and two cages). For comparison we measured the δ34S composition of benzothiophenes (BTs) and dibenzothiophenes (DBTs). We also conducted pyrolysis experiments with petroleum and model compounds to have an insight into the formation mechanisms of TDs. The δ34S of the TDs varied significantly (ca 30‰) between the different oils depending on the degree of TSR alteration. The results showed that within the same oil, the one-cage TDs were relatively uniform, with 34S enriched values similar to those of the coexisting BTs. The two-cage TDs had more variable δ34S values that range from the δ34S values of BTs to those of the DBTs, but with general 34S depletion relative to one cage TDs. Hydrous pyrolysis experiments (360 °C, 40 h) with either CaSO4 or elemental S (equivalent S molar concentrations) and adamantane as a model compound demonstrate the formation of one cage TDs in relatively low yields (<0.2%). Higher concentrations of TDs were observed in the elemental sulfur experiments, most likely because of the higher rates of reaction with adamantane under these experimental conditions. These results show that the formation of TDs is not exclusive to TSR reactions, and that they can also form by reaction with reduced S species apart from sulfate reduction, though at low yields. Oxygenated compounds, most notably 2-thiaadamantanone and phenol, were also formed during these pyrolysis experiments. This may represent the first stage in the formation of sulfurized compounds and the oxidation of organic matter under TSR conditions. Pyrolysis experiments with elemental S and a TD-enriched oil showed that the δ34S values of the TDs did not change, whereas the BTs did change significantly. It is therefore concluded that TDs do not exchange S atoms with coexisting inorganic reduced sulfur species. They can only change their δ34S values via addition of newly generated TDs that form predominantly during TSR. We therefore suggest that TDs will preserve their δ34S values even under high-temperature reservoir conditions and will reflect the original sulfates δ34S value. The combination of TDs, BTs, and DBTs δ34S values and concentrations allowed for a more reliable detection of the occurrence and extent of TSR than either proxy alone. It showed that except for two oils, all of the oils that were measured in this study were affected by TSR or TSR-sourced H2S, to some degree. It is still not known if some of the oils with the lower concentrations of TDs and enriched δ34S values (close to sulfate minerals) were affected by TSR or by a secondary charge of 34S-enriched H2S.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2015.07.008","usgsCitation":"Gvirtzman, Z., Said-Ahmad, W., Ellis, G.S., Hill, R.J., J. Michael Moldowan, Wei, Z., and Alon Amrani, 2015, Compound-specific sulfur isotope analysis of thiadiamondoids of oils from the Smackover Formation, USA: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 167, p. 144-161, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.07.008.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"144","endPage":"161","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064336","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309975,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":309959,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.07.008"}],"country":"United States","volume":"167","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56221face4b06217fc479214","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gvirtzman, Zvi","contributorId":149269,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gvirtzman","given":"Zvi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17694,"text":"Institute of Earth Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":577691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Said-Ahmad, Ward","contributorId":149270,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Said-Ahmad","given":"Ward","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17694,"text":"Institute of Earth Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":577692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ellis, Geoffrey S. 0000-0003-4519-3320 gsellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4519-3320","contributorId":1058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gsellis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hill, Ronald J.","contributorId":149271,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hill","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":17695,"text":"EOG Resources, Denver, CO 80202 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":577693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"J. Michael Moldowan","contributorId":149272,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"J. Michael Moldowan","affiliations":[{"id":17696,"text":"Biomarker Technologies, Rohnert Park, CA 94928 USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":577694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wei, Zhibin","contributorId":149273,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wei","given":"Zhibin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17697,"text":"ExxonMobil, Houston, TX USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":577695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Alon Amrani","contributorId":149274,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alon Amrani","affiliations":[{"id":17694,"text":"Institute of Earth Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":577696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70160351,"text":"70160351 - 2015 - Endocrine-disrupting activity of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and adverse health outcomes after prenatal exposure in male mice","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:40:01","indexId":"70160351","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1504,"text":"Endocrinology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Endocrine-disrupting activity of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and adverse health outcomes after prenatal exposure in male mice","docAbstract":"Oil and natural gas operations have been shown to contaminate surface and ground water with endocrine-disrupting chemicals. In the current study, we fill several gaps in our understanding of the potential environmental impacts related to this process. We measured the endocrine-disrupting activities of 24 chemicals used and/or produced by oil and gas operations for five nuclear receptors using a reporter gene assay in human endometrial cancer cells. We also quantified the concentration of 16 of these chemicals in oil and gas wastewater samples. Finally, we assessed reproductive and developmental outcomes in male C57BL/6J mice after the prenatal exposure to a mixture of these chemicals. We found that 23 commonly used oil and natural gas operation chemicals can activate or inhibit the estrogen, androgen, glucocorticoid, progesterone, and/or thyroid receptors, and mixtures of these chemicals can behave synergistically, additively, or antagonistically in vitro. Prenatal exposure to a mixture of 23 oil and gas operation chemicals at 3, 30, and 300 μg/kg · d caused decreased sperm counts and increased testes, body, heart, and thymus weights and increased serum testosterone in male mice, suggesting multiple organ system impacts. Our results suggest possible adverse developmental and reproductive health outcomes in humans and animals exposed to potential environmentally relevant levels of oil and gas operation chemicals.
","language":"English","publisher":"Endocrine Society","doi":"10.1210/en.2015-1375","usgsCitation":"Kassotis, C., Klemp, K.C., Vu, D.C., Lin, C., Meng, C., Besch-Williford, C.L., Pinatti, L., Zoeller, R.T., Drobnis, E.Z., Balise, V.D., Isiguzo, C.J., Williams, M.A., Tillitt, D.E., and Nagel, S., 2015, Endocrine-disrupting activity of hydraulic fracturing chemicals and adverse health outcomes after prenatal exposure in male mice: Endocrinology, v. 156, no. 12, p. 4458-4473, https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2015-1375.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"4458","endPage":"4473","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066517","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471723,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2015-1375","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":312624,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Garfield County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.02331542968749,\n 40.10328591293442\n ],\n [\n -107.02331542968749,\n 39.364032338047984\n ],\n [\n -109.0557861328125,\n 39.35553794109379\n ],\n [\n -109.061279296875,\n 39.707186656826565\n ],\n [\n -107.9571533203125,\n 39.71986348549764\n ],\n [\n -107.95166015624999,\n 39.930800820752765\n ],\n [\n -107.33642578124999,\n 39.939224840791965\n ],\n [\n -107.33642578124999,\n 40.107487419012415\n ],\n [\n -107.02331542968749,\n 40.10328591293442\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"156","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"567930c6e4b0da412f4fb556","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kassotis, Christopher D.","contributorId":26967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kassotis","given":"Christopher D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klemp, Kara C.","contributorId":150701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klemp","given":"Kara","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":18070,"text":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vu, Danh C.","contributorId":150702,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vu","given":"Danh","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":18071,"text":"Department of Forestry, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lin, Chung-Ho","contributorId":150703,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lin","given":"Chung-Ho","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18071,"text":"Department of Forestry, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Meng, Chun-Xia","contributorId":150780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meng","given":"Chun-Xia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Besch-Williford, Cynthia L.","contributorId":150781,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Besch-Williford","given":"Cynthia","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pinatti, Lisa","contributorId":150782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pinatti","given":"Lisa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Zoeller, R. Thomas","contributorId":150783,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zoeller","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Thomas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Drobnis, Erma Z.","contributorId":150704,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drobnis","given":"Erma","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":18070,"text":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Balise, Victoria D.","contributorId":150705,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balise","given":"Victoria","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":18070,"text":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Isiguzo, Chiamaka J.","contributorId":150706,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Isiguzo","given":"Chiamaka","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":18070,"text":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Williams, Michelle A.","contributorId":150707,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":18072,"text":"Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":582715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Tillitt, Donald E. 0000-0002-8278-3955 dtillitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8278-3955","contributorId":1875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tillitt","given":"Donald","email":"dtillitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":582707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Nagel, Susan C.","contributorId":56147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagel","given":"Susan C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":582716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14}]}} ,{"id":70158972,"text":"ofr20151200 - 2015 - Realized detection and capture probabilities for giant gartersnakes (Thamnophis gigas) using modified floating aquatic funnel traps","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-14T09:35:01","indexId":"ofr20151200","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-13T16:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1200","title":"Realized detection and capture probabilities for giant gartersnakes (Thamnophis gigas) using modified floating aquatic funnel traps","docAbstract":"Rigorous analysis and management of animal populations requires that observers account for limitations inherent to the detection of those populations and the individuals within them. Researchers are usually unable to see every individual of a population or to even detect some entire populations. Ignoring this imperfect detectability can bias estimates of population characteristics, such as probability of occurrence, abundance, survival, recruitment, and population growth rate. Furthermore, the precision with which these population characteristics are estimated is dependent on detection probabilities (the probability that at least one individual of a species is detected during a survey, given that the species occurs where the survey is conducted) and capture probabilities (the probability that a given individual is observed or captured during a single survey); greater detection and capture probabilities result in less uncertainty about the values of population characteristics and a greater ability to evaluate the effects of variables or experimental treatments on the population characteristic(s) of interest.
\nDetection and capture probabilities for giant gartersnakes (Thamnophis gigas) are very low, and successfully evaluating the effects of variables or experimental treatments on giant gartersnake populations will require greater detection and capture probabilities than those that had been achieved with standard trap designs. Previous research identified important trap modifications that can increase the probability of snakes entering traps and help prevent the escape of captured snakes. The purpose of this study was to quantify detection and capture probabilities obtained using the most successful modification to commercially available traps to date (2015), and examine the ability of realized detection and capture probabilities to achieve benchmark levels of precision in occupancy and capture-mark-recapture studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151200","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the California Department of Water Resources","usgsCitation":"Halstead, B., Skalos, S., Casazza, M.L., and Wylie, G.D., 2015, Realized detection and capture probabilities for giant gartersnakes (Thamnophis gigas) using modified floating aquatic funnel traps: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1200, iv, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151200.","productDescription":"iv, 36 p.","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2013-06-14","temporalEnd":"2013-11-30","ipdsId":"IP-067831","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309850,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1200/ofr20151200.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1200"},{"id":309849,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1200/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.33551025390625,\n 38.50519140240354\n ],\n [\n -122.33551025390625,\n 39.61626788999701\n ],\n [\n -121.4923095703125,\n 39.61626788999701\n ],\n [\n -121.4923095703125,\n 38.50519140240354\n ],\n [\n -122.33551025390625,\n 38.50519140240354\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
http://www.werc.usgs.gov/
Changes to barrier islands occur at time scales that vary from the few hours it takes an individual storm to pass (Morton, 2008) to the millennia it takes for coastal systems to undergo geologic evolution. Developing an understanding of how barrier islands will respond to climate change, sea level rise, and major storms over a range of time scales is relevant to studies of physical, geological, ecological, and societal processes and will help to guide and improve management of our coastal resources (Sallenger and others, 1987). Observations of coastal processes made over a range of spatial and temporal scales and from a variety of instrument platforms (for example, in situ and remote remote sensing) are required to understand and eventually predict the evolution of coastal systems.
\nThe deployment of Landsat and other earth-observing satellites within the last few decades has provided an opportunity to observe barrier islands at frequent intervals, often many times a year. This sample frequency is much higher and the spatial coverage much greater than most routine high-resolution topographic surveys (Guy and others, 2014). In addition, the historical record of these datasets have become long enough to document shorter- (that is, annual) and longer-term (that is, decadal) changes from a single data source. Certain aspects of barrier island morphology, such as island size, shape, and position, can be determined from these images and can indicate erosion, land loss, and island breakup (McBride and others, 1989; Plant and Guy, 2013).
\nThe shoreline is a common variable used as a metric for coastal erosion or change (Himmelstoss and others, 2010). Although shorelines are often extracted from topographic data (for example, ground-based surveys and light detection and ranging [lidar]), image-based shorelines, corrected for their inherent uncertainties (Moore and others, 2006), have provided much of our understanding of long-term shoreline change because they pre-date routine lidar elevation survey methods. Image-based shorelines continue to be valuable because of their higher temporal resolution compared to costly airborne lidar surveys. A method for extracting sandy shorelines from 30-meter (m) resolution Landsat imagery is presented here.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151179","usgsCitation":"Guy, K.K., 2015, Barrier island shorelines extracted from Landsat imagery: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1179, 3 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151179.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 3 p.; Spatial Data","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-067042","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438679,"rank":8,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7028PMP","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Shorelines Extracted from Landsat Imagery: Dauphin Island, Alabama"},{"id":312288,"rank":4,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7DZ06CD","text":"Shorelines Extracted from Landsat Imagery: Ship Island, Mississippi","description":"OFR 2015-1179"},{"id":312289,"rank":5,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7JQ0Z3R","text":"Shorelines Extracted from Landsat Imagery: Cat Island, Mississippi","description":"OFR 2015-1179"},{"id":312290,"rank":6,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7XW4GVG","text":"Shorelines Extracted from Landsat Imagery: Horn Island, Mississippi","description":"OFR 2015-1179"},{"id":312291,"rank":7,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F72N509Q","text":"Shorelines Extracted from Landsat Imagery: Petit Bois Island, Mississippi","description":"OFR 2015-1179"},{"id":309457,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1179/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":309459,"rank":3,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7028PMP","text":"Shorelines Extracted from Landsat Imagery: Dauphin Island, Alabama","description":"OFR 2015-1179"},{"id":309458,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1179/ofr20151179.pdf","text":"Report","size":"242 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1179"}],"country":"United States","contact":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701
http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/
We present new images and descriptions of the lithofacies and organic facies of the pebble shale unit and lower part of the Hue Shale (Lower Cretaceous) of Arctic Alaska at a high magnification that illustrates their textural characteristics. Our aims were to describe and determine the distribution of facies in these petroleum source rocks and to identify the processes that formed them. We sampled at high-resolution and applied new petrographic techniques combined with scanning electron microscopy and geochemical analyses to samples collected from three widely spaced sections—located in exposures along the Canning River and continuous core from the Mikkelsen Bay State 1 and Orion 1 wells.
\nResults from these three locations indicate that this succession consists primarily of clay-rich mudstones that are variously silt- or sand-bearing and clay-dominated mudstones that exhibit mainly relict, 2–5 millimeter thick bedding and common but variable microbioturbation, rare macrobioturbation, and common fabrics of pelleted clay and silt. These mudstones contain rare, poorly sorted, silt-rich basal laminae that are often discontinuous and have wavy, sharp bases and crude upward fining. In addition, mud-supported, outsized clasts (dropstones) of fine sand to pebble size are present throughout the succession as isolated clasts or in clusters. We interpret these textures and much of this succession to result from intermittent deposition by suspension settling from melting seasonal sea ice—sometimes sediment-laden—and associated primary productivity. Overall, this mudstone succession fines and deepens upward from the pebble shale unit into the Hue Shale. In the Hue Shale of the Orion well, however, different processes intermittently deposited thin, discrete intervals of coarser sediment that probably represent deposition from density currents. Also in the Hue Shale of the Orion well, several thicker sandstone and silt-dominated mudstone units with discordant, scoured bases and cut and fill structures represent erosion during higher energy events such as major storms.
\nOther lithofacies within the succession are graded tuffs/bentonites and tuffaceous/bentonitic mudstones from episodic volcanic ash falls; these are abundant in the Hue Shale, and very rare in the pebble shale unit of the two wells. Organic-carbon rich strata associated with volcanic ash intervals of the pebble shale unit and Hue Shale in the Mikkelsen 1 well have some of the best petroleum source rock potential determined for this succession. Authigenic pyrite and carbonate-cement-dominated mudstone are also present in both units of all three sections. The carbonate-cemented units indicate breaks in sedimentation and are common in the Hue Shale and in sections of the pebble shale unit interpreted to be more distal, such as along the Canning River.
\nOur results document the variation in facies and textures of the Hauterivian and Barremian Lower Cretaceous mudstone succession of Arctic Alaska. Comparison of these characteristics to the products of modern processes on the North Slope of Alaska, in the Beaufort Sea, and elsewhere suggest that this succession formed primarily from depositional processes related to seasonal sea ice with intermittent fluvial-sourced sediment deposited by density currents and episodic erosion and reworking by storms and other currents.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, vol. 15 (Professional Paper 1814)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1814B","usgsCitation":"Keller, M.A., and Macquaker, J.H., 2015, Arctic Alaska’s Lower Cretaceous (Hauterivian and Barremian) mudstone succession—Linking lithofacies, texture, and geochemistry to marine processes: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1814, v, 34 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1814B.","productDescription":"v, 34 p.","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-033831","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309740,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1814/b/pp1814b.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1814-B"},{"id":309739,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1814/b/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -159.609375,\n 67.64267630796037\n ],\n [\n -159.609375,\n 71.49703690095419\n ],\n [\n -140.9765625,\n 71.49703690095419\n ],\n [\n -140.9765625,\n 67.64267630796037\n ],\n [\n -159.609375,\n 67.64267630796037\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Alaska Science Center staff
U.S. Geological Survey
4210 University Dr.
Anchorage, AK 99508
Alaska Mineral Resources
Alaska Science Center
Crude oil at a spill site near Bemidji, Minnesota has been undergoing aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation for over 30 years, creating a 150–200 m plume of primary and secondary contaminants. Microbial degradation generates heat that should be measurable under the right conditions. To measure this heat, thermistors were installed in wells in the saturated zone and in water-filled monitoring tubes in the unsaturated zone. In the saturated zone, a thermal groundwater plume originates near the residual oil body with temperatures ranging from 2.9 °C above background near the oil to 1.2 °C down gradient. Temperatures in the unsaturated zone above the oil body were up to 2.7 °C more than background temperatures. Previous work at this site has shown that methane produced from biodegradation of the oil migrates upward and is oxidized in a methanotrophic zone midway between the water table and the surface. Enthalpy calculations and observations demonstrate that the temperature increases primarily result from aerobic methane oxidation in the unsaturated zone above the oil. Methane oxidation rates at the site independently estimated from surface CO2 efflux data are comparable to rates estimated from the observed temperature increases. The results indicate that temperature may be useful as a low-cost measure of activity but care is required to account for the correct heat-generating reactions, other heat sources and the effects of focused recharge.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2015.09.007","usgsCitation":"Warren, E., and Bekins, B.A., 2015, Relating subsurface temperature changes to microbial activity at a crude oil-contaminated site: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 182, p. 183-193, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2015.09.007.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"193","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064342","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309841,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"Bemidji","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.96101379394531,\n 47.41624051540972\n ],\n [\n -94.96101379394531,\n 47.52577916760752\n ],\n [\n -94.77149963378906,\n 47.52577916760752\n ],\n [\n -94.77149963378906,\n 47.41624051540972\n ],\n [\n -94.96101379394531,\n 47.41624051540972\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"182","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"561e1d29e4b0cdb063e59ca7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warren, Ean ewarren@usgs.gov","contributorId":1351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warren","given":"Ean","email":"ewarren@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bekins, Barbara A. 0000-0002-1411-6018 babekins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1411-6018","contributorId":1348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekins","given":"Barbara","email":"babekins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":577260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70142817,"text":"70142817 - 2015 - Basement and regional structure along strike of the Queen Charlotte Fault in the context of modern and historical earthquake ruptures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-13T14:00:38","indexId":"70142817","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-13T13:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Basement and regional structure along strike of the Queen Charlotte Fault in the context of modern and historical earthquake ruptures","docAbstract":"The Queen Charlotte fault (QCF) is a dextral transform system located offshore of southeastern Alaska and western Canada, accommodating ∼4.4 cm/yr of relative motion between the Pacific and North American plates. Oblique convergence along the fault increases southward, and how this convergence is accommodated is still debated. Using seismic reflection data, we interpret offshore basement structure, faulting, and stratigraphy to provide a geological context for two recent earthquakes, an Mw 7.5 strike‐slip event near Craig, Alaska, and an Mw 7.8 thrust event near Haida Gwaii, Canada. We map downwarped Pacific oceanic crust near 54° N, between the two rupture zones. Observed downwarping decreases north and south of 54° N, parallel to the strike of the QCF. Bending of the Pacific plate here may have initiated with increased convergence rates due to a plate motion change at ∼6 Ma. Tectonic reconstruction implies convergence‐driven Pacific plate flexure, beginning at 6 Ma south of a 10° bend the QCF (which is currently at 53.2° N) and lasting until the plate translated past the bend by ∼2 Ma. Normal‐faulted approximately late Miocene sediment above the deep flexural depression at 54° N, topped by relatively undeformed Pleistocene and younger sediment, supports this model. Aftershocks of the Haida Gwaii event indicate a normal‐faulting stress regime, suggesting present‐day plate flexure and underthrusting, which is also consistent with reconstruction of past conditions. We thus favor a Pacific plate underthrusting model to initiate flexure and accommodation space for sediment loading. In addition, mapped structures indicate two possible fault segment boundaries along the QCF at 53.2° N and at 56° N.
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