A secretarial order identified climate adaptation as a critical performance objective for future management of U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) lands and resources in response to global change. Vulnerability assessments can inform climate adaptation planning by providing insight into what natural resources are most at risk and why. Three components of vulnerability—exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity—were defined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) as necessary for identifying climate adaptation strategies and actions. In 2011, the DOI requested all internal bureaus report ongoing or completed vulnerability assessments about a defined range of assessment targets or climate-related threats. Assessment targets were defined as freshwater resources, landscapes and wildlife habitat, native and cultural resources, and ocean health. Climate-related threats were defined as invasive species, wildfire risk, sea-level rise, and melting ice and permafrost. Four hundred and three projects were reported, but the original DOI survey did not specify that information be provided on exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity collectively as part of the request, and it was unclear which projects adhered to the framework recommended by the IPCC. Therefore, the U.S. Geological Survey National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center conducted a supplemental survey to determine how frequently each of the three vulnerability components was assessed. Information was categorized for 124 of the 403 reported projects (30.8 percent) based on the three vulnerability components, and it was discovered that exposure was the most common component assessed (87.9 percent), followed by sensitivity (68.5 percent) and adaptive capacity (33.1 percent). The majority of projects did not fully assess vulnerability; projects focused on landscapes/wildlife habitats and sea-level rise were among the minority that simultaneously addressed all three vulnerability components. To maintain consistency with the IPCC definition of vulnerability, DOI may want to focus initial climate adaptation planning only on the outcomes of studies that comprehensively address vulnerability as inclusive of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. Although the present study results are preliminary and used an unstructured survey design, they illustrate the importance of a comprehensive and consistent vulnerability definition and of using information on vulnerability components in DOI surveys to ensure relevant data are used to identify adaptation options.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151110","usgsCitation":"Thompson, L.M., Staudinger, M.D., and Carter, S.L., 2015, Summarizing components of U.S. Department of the Interior vulnerability assessments to focus climate adaptation planning: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1110, 14 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151110.","productDescription":"iii, 14 p.","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053843","costCenters":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308292,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1110/ofr20151110.pdf","text":"Report","size":"298 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1110"},{"id":308291,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1110/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 20192
https://nccwsc.usgs.gov/
Emission-control policies have been implemented in Europe and North America since the 1990s for polychlorodibenzodioxins (PCDDs) and furans (PCDFs). To assess the effect of these policies on temporal trends and spatial patterns for these compounds in a large European river system, sediment cores were collected in seven depositional areas along the Rhone River in France, dated, and analyzed for PCDDs and PCDFs. Results show concentrations increase in the downstream direction and have decreased temporally at all sites during the last two decades, with an average decrease of 83% from 1992 to 2010. The time for a 50% decrease in concentrations (t1/2) averaged 6.9 ± 2.6 and 9.1 ± 2.9 years for the sum of measured PCDDs and PCDFs, respectively. Congener patterns are similar among cores and indicate dominance of regional atmospheric deposition and possibly weathered local sources. Local sources are clearly indicated at the most downstream site, where concentrations of the most toxic dioxin, TCDD, are about 2 orders of magnitude higher than at the other six sites. The relatively steep downward trends attest to the effects of the dioxin emissions reduction policy in Europe and suggest that risks posed to aquatic life in the Rhone River basin from dioxins and furans have been greatly reduced.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS publications","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b03416","collaboration":"none","usgsCitation":"Van Metre, P., Babut, M., Mourier, B., Mahler, B., Roux, G., and Desmet, M., 2015, Declining Dioxin concentrations in the Rhone River, France, attest to the effectiveness of emissions controls: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 49, no. 21, p. 12723-12730, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b03416.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"12723","endPage":"12730","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062444","costCenters":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311959,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"France","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 4.8065185546875,\n 43.337164854911094\n ],\n [\n 4.592285156249999,\n 43.59630591596548\n ],\n [\n 4.592285156249999,\n 43.90185050527358\n ],\n [\n 4.592285156249999,\n 44.32384807250689\n ],\n [\n 4.6746826171875,\n 45.29421101337773\n ],\n [\n 4.7625732421875,\n 45.68123916702059\n ],\n [\n 4.81201171875,\n 45.78093290857323\n ],\n [\n 4.91912841796875,\n 45.826885387845664\n ],\n [\n 5.16632080078125,\n 45.83071305019327\n ],\n [\n 5.29815673828125,\n 45.87088761346192\n ],\n [\n 5.372314453125,\n 45.907211023476776\n ],\n [\n 5.55908203125,\n 45.769438866203934\n ],\n [\n 5.60028076171875,\n 45.719603972998634\n ],\n [\n 5.63873291015625,\n 45.685076832233\n ],\n [\n 5.69915771484375,\n 45.80008438131991\n ],\n [\n 5.77606201171875,\n 46.010316293096196\n ],\n [\n 5.80078125,\n 46.10180436619509\n ],\n [\n 6.04522705078125,\n 46.219752144776876\n ],\n [\n 6.1248779296875,\n 46.21785176740299\n ],\n [\n 6.15509033203125,\n 46.18363372751015\n ],\n [\n 5.968322753906249,\n 46.086566879725034\n ],\n [\n 5.86395263671875,\n 46.02938880791639\n ],\n [\n 5.817260742187499,\n 45.77135470445036\n ],\n [\n 5.72113037109375,\n 45.625563438215956\n ],\n [\n 5.597534179687499,\n 45.583289756006316\n ],\n [\n 5.38055419921875,\n 45.80008438131991\n ],\n [\n 5.204772949218749,\n 45.73685954736049\n ],\n [\n 5.0592041015625,\n 45.761774855141226\n ],\n [\n 4.88067626953125,\n 45.6658858736546\n ],\n [\n 4.88616943359375,\n 45.45820413751095\n ],\n [\n 4.85321044921875,\n 45.22461173085719\n ],\n [\n 4.866943359375,\n 45.04635929200553\n ],\n [\n 4.9163818359375,\n 44.904523389609324\n ],\n [\n 4.864196777343749,\n 44.758436211143476\n ],\n [\n 4.78179931640625,\n 44.56699093657141\n ],\n [\n 4.7515869140625,\n 44.25700308645885\n ],\n [\n 4.77081298828125,\n 44.156592967556605\n ],\n [\n 4.8504638671875,\n 44.04614157509524\n ],\n [\n 4.90814208984375,\n 43.95130472827632\n ],\n [\n 4.74609375,\n 43.830564195198264\n ],\n [\n 4.669189453125,\n 43.7492731811147\n ],\n [\n 4.7406005859375,\n 43.602272978692746\n ],\n [\n 4.888916015625,\n 43.35514118114017\n ],\n [\n 4.8065185546875,\n 43.337164854911094\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"21","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5662c745e4b06a3ea36c67b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Metre, Peter C. pcvanmet@usgs.gov","contributorId":486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Metre","given":"Peter C.","email":"pcvanmet@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":581044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Babut, Marc","contributorId":86210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Babut","given":"Marc","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mourier, Brice","contributorId":12728,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mourier","given":"Brice","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mahler, Barbara 0000-0002-9150-9552 bjmahler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9150-9552","contributorId":1249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahler","given":"Barbara","email":"bjmahler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Roux, Gwenaelle","contributorId":14679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roux","given":"Gwenaelle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Desmet, Marc","contributorId":89392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Desmet","given":"Marc","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70155920,"text":"sim3334 - 2015 - Reconnaissance surficial geologic map of the Taylor Mountains quadrangle, southwestern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-19T15:07:17","indexId":"sim3334","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-28T16:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3334","displayTitle":"Reconnaissance surficial geologic map of the Taylor Mountains quadrangle, southwestern Alaska","title":"Reconnaissance surficial geologic map of the Taylor Mountains quadrangle, southwestern Alaska","docAbstract":"This map and accompanying digital files are the result of the interpretation of aerial photographs from the 1950s as well as more modern imagery. The area, long considered a part of Alaska that was largely not glaciated (see Karlstrom, 1964; Coulter and others, 1965; or Péwé, 1975), actually has a long history reflecting local and more distant glaciations. An unpublished photogeologic map of the Taylor Mountains quadrangle from the 1950s by J.N. Platt Jr. was useful in the construction of this map. Limited new field mapping in the area was conducted as part of a mapping project in the Dillingham quadrangle to the south (Wilson and others, 2003); however, extensive aerial photograph interpretation represents the bulk of the mapping effort. The accompanying digital files show the sources for each line and geologic unit shown on the map.
\nI used the Platt and Muller 1950s-era aerial photographic interpretation map as the starting point for the surficial geology; their unpublished data were produced using a reconnaissance quality topographic base map. In addition to transferring their data to a modern base to use as a guide, all of the photographs were re-examined. As result, in a number of areas, the features have been reinterpreted and the linework revised. A major difference between the maps is the recognition of much more extensive glacially dammed lake deposits and reassignment of some glacial deposits to different glacial events.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3334","usgsCitation":"Wilson, F.H., 2017, Reconnaissance surficial geologic map of the Taylor Mountains quadrangle, southwestern Alaska (ver. 1.2, December 2017): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3334, pamphlet 12 p., scale 1:250,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3334.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 12 p.; 1 Sheet: 41.01 x 31.37 inches; GIS files and related databases; Metadata; Readme","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-061421","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308630,"rank":6,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3334/sim3334_metadata.xml","text":"XML"},{"id":308631,"rank":7,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3334/sim3334_metadata.txt","text":"TXT"},{"id":347918,"rank":10,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3334/sim3334versionHist_v1.2.txt","size":"2 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"SIM 3334 Version Hystory"},{"id":308228,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3334/sim3334_pamphlet_v1.2.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"175 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3334 Pamphlet PDF"},{"id":308229,"rank":3,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3334/sim3334_sheet_v1.2.pdf","text":"Sheet","size":"119 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3334 Sheet"},{"id":308629,"rank":5,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3334/sim3334_metadata.html","text":"HTML"},{"id":308628,"rank":4,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3334/sim3334_database.zip","text":"GIS files and related databases","size":"87.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"SIM 3334 GIS files and databases"},{"id":308632,"rank":8,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3334/sim3334_metadata_faq.html","text":"Metadata FAQ"},{"id":308633,"rank":9,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3334/sim3334_readme.pdf","size":"215 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":308227,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3334/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Taylor Mountains quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n \n \n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -158.895263671875,\n 59.94950917225228\n ],\n [\n -158.895263671875,\n 61.03701223240189\n ],\n [\n -155.73120117187497,\n 61.03701223240189\n ],\n [\n -155.73120117187497,\n 59.94950917225228\n ],\n [\n -158.895263671875,\n 59.94950917225228\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0: Originally posted September 28, 2015; Version 1.1: October 31, 2017; Version 1.2: December 19, 2017","contact":"Alaska Science Center staff
U.S. Geological Survey
4210 University Dr.
Anchorage, AK 99508
Alaska Mineral Resources
Alaska Science Center
This report presents the results of a cooperative study by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Oklahoma Department of Transportation to estimate the magnitude and frequency of peak streamflows from regional regression equations for ungaged stream sites in and near the Oklahoma Panhandle. These methods relate basin characteristics (physiographic and climatic attributes) to selected peak streamflow frequency statistics with the 50-, 20-, 10-, 4-, 2-, 1-, and 0.2-percent annual exceedance probabilities. These relations were developed based on data from 32 selected streamflow-gaging stations in the Oklahoma Panhandle and in neighboring parts of Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, and Texas. The basin characteristics for the selected streamflow-gaging stations were determined by using a geographic information system and the Oklahoma StreamStats application. Peak-streamflow frequency statistics were computed from annual peak-streamflow records from the irrigated period of record from water year 1978 through water year 2014.
\nGeneralized-least-squares multiple-linear regression analysis was used to formulate regression relations between peak-streamflow frequency statistics and basin characteristics. Contributing drainage area was the only basin characteristic determined to be statistically significant for all percentage of annual exceedance probabilities and was the only basin characteristic used in regional regression equations for estimating peak-streamflow frequency statistics on unregulated streams in and near the Oklahoma Panhandle. The regression model pseudo-coefficient of determination, converted to percent, for the Oklahoma Panhandle regional regression equations ranged from about 38 to 63 percent. The standard errors of prediction and the standard model errors for the Oklahoma Panhandle regional regression equations ranged from about 84 to 148 percent and from about 76 to 138 percent, respectively. These errors were comparable to those reported for regional peak-streamflow frequency regression equations for the High Plains areas of Texas and Colorado. The root mean square errors for the Oklahoma Panhandle regional regression equations (ranging from 3,170 to 92,000 cubic feet per second) were less than the root mean square errors for the Oklahoma statewide regression equations (ranging from 18,900 to 412,000 cubic feet per second); therefore, the Oklahoma Panhandle regional regression equations produce more accurate peak-streamflow statistic estimates for the irrigated period of record in the Oklahoma Panhandle than do the Oklahoma statewide regression equations. The regression equations developed in this report are applicable to streams that are not substantially affected by regulation, impoundment, or surface-water withdrawals. These regression equations are intended for use for stream sites with contributing drainage areas less than or equal to about 2,060 square miles, the maximum value for the independent variable used in the regression analysis.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155134","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Oklahoma Department of Transportation","usgsCitation":"Smith, S.J., Lewis, J.M., and Graves, G.M., 2015, Methods for estimating the magnitude and frequency of peak streamflows at ungaged sites in and near the Oklahoma Panhandle: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5134, 35 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155134.","productDescription":"vi, 35 p.","numberOfPages":"44","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066906","costCenters":[{"id":516,"text":"Oklahoma Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308637,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5134/sir20155134.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.52 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5134"},{"id":308636,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5134/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Oklahoma Panhandle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.23828125,\n 35.10193405724606\n ],\n [\n -104.23828125,\n 38.8225909761771\n ],\n [\n -98.3056640625,\n 38.8225909761771\n ],\n [\n -98.3056640625,\n 35.10193405724606\n ],\n [\n -104.23828125,\n 35.10193405724606\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Oklahoma Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
202 NW 66th, Bldg 7
Oklahoma City, OK 73116
http://ok.water.usgs.gov/
The 2004–2008 dome-building eruption at Mount St. Helens ended during winter 2007–2008 at a time when field observations were hampered by persistent bad weather. As a result, recognizing the end of the eruption was challenging—but important for scientists trying to understand how and why long-lived eruptions end and for public officials and land managers responsible for hazards mitigation and access restrictions. In hindsight, the end of the eruption was presaged by a slight increase in seismicity in December 2007 that culminated on January 12–13, 2008, with a burst of more than 500 events, most of which occurred in association with several tremor-like signals and a spasmodic burst of long-period earthquakes. At about the same time, a series of regular, localized, small-amplitude tilt events—thousands of which had been recorded during earlier phases of the eruption—came to an end. Thereafter, seismicity declined to 10–20 events per day until January 27–28, when a spasmodic burst of about 50 volcano-tectonic earthquakes occurred over a span of 3 h. This was followed by a brief return of repetitive “drumbeat” earthquakes that characterized much of the eruption. By January 31, however, seismicity had declined to 1–2 earthquakes per day, a rate similar to pre-eruption levels. We attribute the tilt and seismic observations to convulsive stagnation of a semisolid magma plug in the upper part of the conduit. The upward movement of the plug ceased when the excess driving pressure, which had gradually decreased throughout the eruption as a result of reservoir deflation and increasing overburden from the growing dome, was overcome by increasing friction as a result of cooling and crystallization of the plug.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer International","publisherLocation":"Berlin, Germany","doi":"10.1007/s00445-015-0973-4","usgsCitation":"Dzurisin, D., Moran, S.C., Lisowski, M., Schilling, S.P., Anderson, K.R., and Werner, C.A., 2015, The 2004–2008 dome-building eruption at Mount St. Helens, Washington: Epilogue: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 77, no. 10, Article 89, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-015-0973-4.","productDescription":"Article 89, 17 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064124","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308660,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.29705810546874,\n 46.172222978455395\n ],\n [\n -122.02789306640625,\n 46.172222978455395\n ],\n [\n -122.02789306640625,\n 46.39430551701068\n ],\n [\n -122.29705810546874,\n 46.39430551701068\n ],\n [\n -122.29705810546874,\n 46.172222978455395\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"77","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560a56bce4b058f706e536a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dzurisin, Daniel 0000-0002-0138-5067 dzurisin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0138-5067","contributorId":538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dzurisin","given":"Daniel","email":"dzurisin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moran, Seth C. 0000-0001-7308-9649 smoran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7308-9649","contributorId":548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Seth","email":"smoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lisowski, Michael 0000-0003-4818-2504 mlisowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4818-2504","contributorId":637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisowski","given":"Michael","email":"mlisowski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schilling, Steve P. sschilli@usgs.gov","contributorId":634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schilling","given":"Steve","email":"sschilli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, Kyle R. 0000-0001-8041-3996 kranderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8041-3996","contributorId":3522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Kyle","email":"kranderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Werner, Cynthia A. cwerner@usgs.gov","contributorId":2540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Werner","given":"Cynthia","email":"cwerner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70157496,"text":"70157496 - 2015 - Comparison of electronarcosis and carbon dioxide sedation effects on travel time in adult Chinook and Coho Salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-11T12:48:14","indexId":"70157496","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-28T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of electronarcosis and carbon dioxide sedation effects on travel time in adult Chinook and Coho Salmon","docAbstract":"The immobilization of fish during handling is crucial in avoiding injury to fish and is thought to reduce handling stress. Chemical sedatives have been a primary choice for fish immobilization. However, most chemical sedatives accumulate in tissues, and often food fishes must be held until accumulations degrade to levels safe for human consumption. Historically, there have been few options for nonchemical sedation. Carbon dioxide (CO2) has been widely used for decades as a sedative, and while it does not require a degradation period, it does have drawbacks. The use of electronarcosis is another nonchemical option that does not require degradation time. However, little is known about the latent and delayed effects on migration rates of adult salmonids that have been immobilized with electricity. We compared the travel times of adult Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and Coho Salmon O. kisutch through a fishway at river kilometer (rkm) 4, and to rkm 16 and rkm 32 after being immobilized with either CO2 or electronarcosis. Travel times of fish treated with either CO2 or electronarcosis were similar within species. Because of the nearly instantaneous induction of and recovery from electronarcosis, we recommend it as an alternative to CO2 for handling large adult salmonids.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2015.1069427","usgsCitation":"Keep, S.G., Allen, M.B., and Zendt, J., 2015, Comparison of electronarcosis and carbon dioxide sedation effects on travel time in adult Chinook and Coho Salmon: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 35, no. 5, p. 906-912, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2015.1069427.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"906","endPage":"912","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066123","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487772,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/2506837","text":"External Repository"},{"id":308659,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Klickitat River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.387939453125,\n 45.68315803253308\n ],\n [\n -120.88256835937499,\n 45.68315803253308\n ],\n [\n -120.88256835937499,\n 46.12274903582433\n ],\n [\n -121.387939453125,\n 46.12274903582433\n ],\n [\n -121.387939453125,\n 45.68315803253308\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560a56a4e4b058f706e5369a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keep, Shane G","contributorId":147933,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keep","given":"Shane","email":"","middleInitial":"G","affiliations":[{"id":16959,"text":"Yakama Nation Fisheries Program, Klickitat Field Office, 1575 Horseshoe Bend Road, Klickitat, WA 98628","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, M. Brady ballen@usgs.gov","contributorId":3581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"M.","email":"ballen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Brady","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":573331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zendt, Joseph S","contributorId":147934,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zendt","given":"Joseph S","affiliations":[{"id":16959,"text":"Yakama Nation Fisheries Program, Klickitat Field Office, 1575 Horseshoe Bend Road, Klickitat, WA 98628","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70157497,"text":"70157497 - 2015 - Population dynamics of the Cui-ui of Pyramid Lake, Nevada: A Potamodromous catostomid subject to failed reproduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-12T06:31:17","indexId":"70157497","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-28T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population dynamics of the Cui-ui of Pyramid Lake, Nevada: A Potamodromous catostomid subject to failed reproduction","docAbstract":"Fishes of the Truckee River basin (California and Nevada) evolved in an aquatic system that has been episodically diminished by extended drought. For potamodromous species, such as the endangered Cui-ui endemic to Pyramid Lake, Nevada, prehistoric episodic severe drought presumably led to periods of failed reproduction due to restricted access to spawning habitat. The response of the Cui-ui population to more recent failed reproduction caused by anthropogenic activity was studied to learn how to manage this species through periods of spawning disruption. Adult Cui-ui survival averaged 91% and 89% for females and males, respectively, in drought years when spawning migrations were either precluded or few fish migrated because of no or low stream flow. In each of 2 years when stream access was precluded, the adult survival was nearly 100% suggesting that Cui-ui survival is extended in the absence of a spawning migration. Survival averaged 62% and 60% for females and males, respectively, in years of spawning migrations. Strong predominant year-classes developed in the year immediately following a period of failed reproduction, indicating the species’ capacity for population rebound. Year-class predominance persisted for 6–10 years and through years of low survival associated with migration years, and this predominance is probably due, in part, to a diverse age at maturity. Contemporary water diversions from the Truckee River provided the opportunity to study the response of the Cui-ui population to years of failed reproduction. A projected drier Truckee River basin associated with global climate change will test the Cui-ui’s adaptive capacity to endure periods of reproductive failure. This study is aimed at assisting Cui-ui managers in conserving the species in this highly regulated and changing system. The study also adds insight into the prehistoric population dynamics of a potamodromous species in the arid western United States subject to wide fluctuations in annual precipitation and water availability.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2015.1057350","usgsCitation":"Scoppettone, G.G., Rissler, P.H., Fabes, M.C., and Shea, S.P., 2015, Population dynamics of the Cui-ui of Pyramid Lake, Nevada: A Potamodromous catostomid subject to failed reproduction: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 35, no. 5, p. 853-864, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2015.1057350.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"853","endPage":"864","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062344","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471765,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2015.1057350","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308658,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Truckee River basin, Pyramid Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.718017578125,\n 39.64799732373418\n ],\n [\n -118.39965820312499,\n 39.64799732373418\n ],\n [\n -118.39965820312499,\n 40.421860362045194\n ],\n [\n -119.718017578125,\n 40.421860362045194\n ],\n [\n -119.718017578125,\n 39.64799732373418\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560a56b0e4b058f706e536a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scoppettone, Gayton G. gary_scoppettone@usgs.gov","contributorId":2848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scoppettone","given":"Gayton","email":"gary_scoppettone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rissler, Peter H. peter_rissler@usgs.gov","contributorId":4508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rissler","given":"Peter","email":"peter_rissler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fabes, Mark C. mark_fabes@usgs.gov","contributorId":4363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fabes","given":"Mark","email":"mark_fabes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shea, Sean P. sean_shea@usgs.gov","contributorId":4334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shea","given":"Sean","email":"sean_shea@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70157084,"text":"sir20155126 - 2015 - Chemical and biotic characteristics of prairie lakes and large wetlands in south-central North Dakota—Effects of a changing climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T12:16:55","indexId":"sir20155126","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-28T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5126","title":"Chemical and biotic characteristics of prairie lakes and large wetlands in south-central North Dakota—Effects of a changing climate","docAbstract":"The climate of the prairie pothole region of North America is known for variability that results in significant interannual changes in water depths and volumes of prairie lakes and wetlands; however, beginning in July 1993, the climate of the region shifted to an extended period of increased precipitation that has likely been unequaled in the preceding 500 years. Associated changing water volumes also affect water chemical characteristics, with potential effects on fish and wildlife populations. To explore the effect of changing climate patterns, in 2012 and 2013, the U.S. Geological Survey revisited 167 of 178 prairie lakes and large wetlands of south-central North Dakota that were originally sampled in the mid-1960s to mid-1970s. During the earlier sampling period, these lakes and wetlands displayed a great range of chemical characteristics (for example, specific conductance ranged from 365 microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius to 70,300 microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius); however, increased water volumes have resulted in greatly reduced variation among lakes and wetlands and a more homogeneous set of chemical conditions defined by pH, specific conductance, and concentrations of major cations and anions. High concentrations of dissolved solids previously limited fish occurrence in many of the lakes and wetlands sampled; however, freshening of these lakes and large wetlands has allowed fish to populate and flourish where they were previously absent. Conversely, the freshening of previously saline lakes and wetlands has resulted in concurrent shifts away from invertebrate species adapted to live in these highly saline environments. A shift in the regional climate has changed a highly diverse landscape of wetlands (fresh to highly saline) to a markedly more homogeneous landscape that has reshaped the fish and wildlife communities of this ecologically and economically important region.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155126","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with North Dakota State University","usgsCitation":"Mushet, D.M., Goldhaber, M.B., Mills, C.T., McLean, K.I., Aparicio, V.M., McCleskey, R.B., Holloway, J.M., and\nStockwell, C.A., 2015, Chemical and biotic characteristics of prairie lakes and large wetlands in south-central North\nDakota—Effects of a changing climate: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5126, 55 p.,\nhttps://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155126.","productDescription":"vi, 55 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066072","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308634,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5126/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":308635,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5126/sir20155126.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.60 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5126"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","county":"Kidder County, Stutsman County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100.1678466796875,\n 46.62303384721474\n ],\n [\n -100.1678466796875,\n 47.368594345213374\n ],\n [\n -98.43200683593749,\n 47.368594345213374\n ],\n [\n -98.43200683593749,\n 46.62303384721474\n ],\n [\n -100.1678466796875,\n 46.62303384721474\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8711 37th Street Southeast
Jamestown, North Dakota 58401
http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/
The Masters 7.5' quadrangle is located along the South Platte River corridor on the semiarid plains of eastern Colorado and contains surficial deposits that record alluvial, eolian, and hillslope processes that have operated in concert with environmental changes from Pleistocene to present time. The South Platte River, originating high in the Colorado Front Range, has played a major role in shaping the surficial geology of the quadrangle, which is situated downstream of where the last of the major headwater tributaries (St. Vrain, Big Thompson, and Cache la Poudre) join the river. Recurrent glaciation (and deglaciation) of basin headwaters affected river discharge and sediment supply far downstream, influencing deposition of alluvium and terrace formation in the Masters quadrangle. Kiowa and Bijou Creeks, unglaciated tributaries originating in the Colorado Piedmont east of the Front Range and joining the South Platte River just downstream of the Masters quadrangle, also have played a major role by periodically delivering large volumes of sediment to the river during flood events, which may have temporarily dammed the river. Eolian sand deposits of the Greeley (north of river) and Fort Morgan (south of river) dune fields cover much of the quadrangle and record past episodes of sand mobilization during times of prolonged drought. With the onset of irrigation and damming during historical times, the South Platte River has changed from a broad, shallow sandy braided river with highly seasonal discharge to a much narrower, deeper river with braided-meandering transition morphology and more uniform discharge. Along the reach of river in the Masters quadrangle, the river has incised into Upper Cretaceous Pierre Shale, which, although buried by alluvial deposits here, is locally exposed downstream along the South Platte River bluff near the Bijou Creek confluence, in some of the larger draws, and along Wildcat Creek.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3344","usgsCitation":"Berry, M.E., Slate, J.L., Paces, J.B., Hanson, P.R., and Brandt, T.R., 2015, Geologic Map of the Masters 7.5' Quadrangle, Weld and Morgan Counties, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3344, 10 p. appendix, 1 sheet, 1:24,000, https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sim3344.","productDescription":"Sheet: 53.82 x 35.65 inches; Appendix; Database Files; Read Me","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-061244","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308029,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3344/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":308035,"rank":6,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3344/Database_files/00ReadMe.txt","text":"Read Me","size":"6.04","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"ReadMe"},{"id":363169,"rank":10,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195020","text":"Scientific Investigations Report 2019-5020 —","linkHelpText":"Pleistocene and Holocene Landscape Development of the South Platte River Corridor, Northeastern Colorado"},{"id":354898,"rank":8,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3396","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 3396 —","linkHelpText":"Geologic map of the Weldona 7.5' quadrangle, Morgan County, Colorado"},{"id":308041,"rank":7,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3331/","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 3331 —","linkHelpText":"Geologic map of the Orchard 7.5' quadrangle, Morgan County, Colorado"},{"id":354899,"rank":9,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3408","text":"Scientific Investigations Map 3408 —","linkHelpText":"Geologic map of the Fort Morgan 7.5' quadrangle, Morgan County, Colorado"},{"id":308033,"rank":5,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3344/Database_files","text":"Database Files","description":"SIM 3344 Database"},{"id":308032,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3344/sim3344_appendix_1.pdf","text":"Appendix 1","size":"9.74 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3344 Appendix 1","linkHelpText":"The U-series dating method and supporting Th/U data are described separately."},{"id":308030,"rank":2,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3344/sim3344_map.pdf","text":"Map","size":"60.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3344"},{"id":308031,"rank":3,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3344/sim3344_map_geo.pdf","text":"Georeferenced Map","size":"115 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3344"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Morgan County, Weld County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.25132751464844,\n 40.24415712519858\n ],\n [\n -104.25132751464844,\n 40.37584377696013\n ],\n [\n -104.12635803222656,\n 40.37584377696013\n ],\n [\n -104.12635803222656,\n 40.24415712519858\n ],\n [\n -104.25132751464844,\n 40.24415712519858\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Mail Stop 980
Denver, CO 80225
http://gec.cr.usgs.gov/
The frequency of severe droughts is increasing in many regions around the world as a result of climate change. Droughts alter the structure and function of forests. Site- and region-specific studies suggest that large trees, which play keystone roles in forests and can be disproportionately important to ecosystem carbon storage and hydrology, exhibit greater sensitivity to drought than small trees. Here, we synthesize data on tree growth and mortality collected during 40 drought events in forests worldwide to see whether this size-dependent sensitivity to drought holds more widely. We find that droughts consistently had a more detrimental impact on the growth and mortality rates of larger trees. Moreover, drought-related mortality increased with tree size in 65% of the droughts examined, especially when community-wide mortality was high or when bark beetles were present. The more pronounced drought sensitivity of larger trees could be underpinned by greater inherent vulnerability to hydraulic stress, the higher radiation and evaporative demand experienced by exposed crowns, and the tendency for bark beetles to preferentially attack larger trees. We suggest that future droughts will have a more detrimental impact on the growth and mortality of larger trees, potentially exacerbating feedbacks to climate change.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","doi":"10.1038/nplants.2015.139","usgsCitation":"Bennett, A.C., McDowell, N., Allen, C.D., and Anderson-Teixeira, K.J., 2015, Larger trees suffer most during drought in forests worldwide: Nature Plants, v. 1, Article number 15139, https://doi.org/10.1038/nplants.2015.139.","productDescription":"Article number 15139","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065632","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314089,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5694e048e4b039675d005e30","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bennett, Amy C.","contributorId":150955,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bennett","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McDowell, Nathan G.","contributorId":9176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McDowell","given":"Nathan G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen, Craig D. 0000-0002-8777-5989 craig_allen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8777-5989","contributorId":2597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"craig_allen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":583702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson-Teixeira, Kristina J. 0000-0001-8461-9713","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8461-9713","contributorId":150956,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson-Teixeira","given":"Kristina","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":583764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70157510,"text":"70157510 - 2015 - Will the effects of sea-level rise create ecological traps for Pacific Island seabirds?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-04T12:42:46","indexId":"70157510","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-28T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Will the effects of sea-level rise create ecological traps for Pacific Island seabirds?","docAbstract":"More than 18 million seabirds nest on 58 Pacific islands protected within vast U.S. Marine National Monuments (1.9 million km2). However, most of these seabird colonies are on low-elevation islands and sea-level rise (SLR) and accompanying high-water perturbations are predicted to escalate with climate change. To understand how SLR may impact protected islands and insular biodiversity, we modeled inundation and wave-driven flooding of a globally important seabird rookery in the subtropical Pacific. We acquired new high-resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and used the Delft3D wave model and ArcGIS to model wave heights and inundation for a range of SLR scenarios (+0.5, +1.0, +1.5, and +2.0 m) at Midway Atoll. Next, we classified vegetation to delineate habitat exposure to inundation and identified how breeding phenology, colony synchrony, and life history traits affect species-specific sensitivity. We identified 3 of 13 species as highly vulnerable to SLR in the Hawaiian Islands and quantified their atoll-wide distribution (Laysan albatross, Phoebastria immutabilis; black-footed albatross, P. nigripes; and Bonin petrel, Pterodroma hypoleuca). Our models of wave-driven flooding forecast nest losses up to 10% greater than passive inundation models at +1.0 m SLR. At projections of + 2.0 m SLR, approximately 60% of albatross and 44% of Bonin petrel nests were overwashed displacing more than 616,400 breeding albatrosses and petrels. Habitat loss due to passive SLR may decrease the carrying capacity of some islands to support seabird colonies, while sudden high-water events directly reduce survival and reproduction. This is the first study to simulate wave-driven flooding and the combined impacts of SLR, groundwater rise, and storm waves on seabird colonies. Our results highlight the need for early climate change planning and restoration of higher elevation seabird refugia to prevent low-lying protected islands from becoming ecological traps in the face of rising sea levels.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0136773","collaboration":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Reynolds, M.H., Courtot, K., Berkowitz, P., Storlazzi, C.D., Moore, J., and Flint, E., 2015, Will the effects of sea-level rise create ecological traps for Pacific Island seabirds?: PLoS ONE, v. 10, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136773.","productDescription":"23 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066797","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471768,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136773","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308655,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -177.4,\n 28.15\n ],\n [\n -177.4,\n 28.25\n ],\n [\n -177.3,\n 28.25\n ],\n [\n -177.3,\n 28.15\n ],\n [\n -177.4,\n 28.15\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560a56bee4b058f706e536ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reynolds, Michelle H. 0000-0001-7253-8158 mreynolds@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7253-8158","contributorId":3871,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Michelle","email":"mreynolds@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Courtot, Karen 0000-0002-8849-4054 kcourtot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8849-4054","contributorId":140002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Courtot","given":"Karen","email":"kcourtot@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Berkowitz, Paul pberkowitz@usgs.gov","contributorId":4642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berkowitz","given":"Paul","email":"pberkowitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":573391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Storlazzi, Curt D. 0000-0001-8057-4490 cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-4490","contributorId":140584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storlazzi","given":"Curt","email":"cstorlazzi@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moore, Janet","contributorId":147944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"Janet","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16961,"text":"Saint Mary's University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Flint, Elizabeth","contributorId":147945,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flint","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70157281,"text":"70157281 - 2015 - Hydrothermal alteration and diagenesis of terrestrial lacustrine pillow basalts: Coordination of hyperspectral imaging with laboratory measurements","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-12T11:23:06","indexId":"70157281","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-28T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrothermal alteration and diagenesis of terrestrial lacustrine pillow basalts: Coordination of hyperspectral imaging with laboratory measurements","docAbstract":"We investigate an outcrop of ∼187 Ma lacustrine pillow basalts of the Talcott Formation exposed in Meriden, Connecticut, USA, focusing on coordinated analyses of one pillow lava to characterize the aqueous history of these basalts in the Hartford Basin. This work uses a suite of multidisciplinary measurements, including hyperspectral imaging, other spectroscopic techniques, and chemical and mineralogical analyses, from the microscopic scale up to the scale of an outcrop.
\nThe phases identified in the sample are albite, large iron oxides, and titanite throughout; calcite in vesicles; calcic clinopyroxene, aegirine, and Fe/Mg-bearing clay in the rind; and fine-grained hematite and pyroxenes in the interior. Using imaging spectroscopy, the chemistry and mineralogy results extend to the hand sample and larger outcrop. From all of the analyses, we suggest that the pillow basalts were altered initially after emplacement, either by heated lake water or magmatic fluids, at temperatures of at least 400-600°C, and the calcic clinopyroxenes and aegirine identified in the rind are a preserved record of that alteration. As the hydrothermal system cooled to slightly lower temperatures, clays formed in the rind, and, during this alteration, the sample oxidized to form hematite in the matrix of the interior and Fe3+ in the pyroxenes in the rind. During the waning stages of the hydrothermal system, calcite precipitated in vesicles within the rind. Later, diagenetic processes albitized the sample, with albite replacing plagioclase, lining vesicles, and accreting onto the exterior of the sample. This albitization or Na-metasomatism occurred when the lake within the Hartford Basin evaporated during a drier past climatic era, resulting in Na-rich brines. As Ca-rich plagioclase altered to albite, Ca was released into solution, eventually precipitating as calcite in previously-unfilled vesicles, dominantly in the interior of the pillow. Coordinated analyses of this sample permit identification of the alteration phases and help synthesize the aqueous history of pillow lavas of the Talcott formation. These results are also relevant to Mars, where volcanically-resurfaced open basin lakes have been found, and this Hartford Basin outcrop may be a valuable analog for any potential volcano-lacustrine interactions. The results can also help to inform the utility and optimization of potentially complementary, synergistic, and uniquely-suited techniques for characterization of hydrothermally-altered terrains.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2015.08.024","usgsCitation":"Greenberger, R.N., Mustard, J., Cloutis, E., Mann, P., Wilson, J.H., Flemming, R.L., Robertson, K., Salvatore, M.R., and Edwards, C., 2015, Hydrothermal alteration and diagenesis of terrestrial lacustrine pillow basalts: Coordination of hyperspectral imaging with laboratory measurements: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 171, p. 174-200, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.08.024.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"174","endPage":"200","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062817","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308675,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut","city":"Meriden","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.87368774414062,\n 41.47566020027821\n ],\n [\n -72.685546875,\n 41.47566020027821\n ],\n [\n -72.685546875,\n 41.580525125613846\n ],\n [\n -72.87368774414062,\n 41.580525125613846\n ],\n [\n -72.87368774414062,\n 41.47566020027821\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"171","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560a56a8e4b058f706e5369e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greenberger, Rebecca N","contributorId":147769,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Greenberger","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"N","affiliations":[{"id":16929,"text":"Brown University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mustard, John F","contributorId":147770,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mustard","given":"John F","affiliations":[{"id":16929,"text":"Brown University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cloutis, Edward A.","contributorId":147771,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cloutis","given":"Edward A.","affiliations":[{"id":16930,"text":"University of Winnipeg","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mann, Paul","contributorId":57729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wilson, Janette H.","contributorId":147772,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilson","given":"Janette","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":16931,"text":"Headwall Photonics","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Flemming, Roberta L","contributorId":147773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flemming","given":"Roberta","email":"","middleInitial":"L","affiliations":[{"id":13255,"text":"University of Western Ontario","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Robertson, Kevin","contributorId":147774,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robertson","given":"Kevin","affiliations":[{"id":16929,"text":"Brown University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Salvatore, Mark R","contributorId":147775,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Salvatore","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"R","affiliations":[{"id":6607,"text":"Arizona State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Edwards, Christopher cedwards@usgs.gov","contributorId":147768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Christopher","email":"cedwards@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70157509,"text":"70157509 - 2015 - Ultraviolet vision may be widespread in bats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-11T13:04:51","indexId":"70157509","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-28T09:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":629,"text":"Acta Chiropterologica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ultraviolet vision may be widespread in bats","docAbstract":"Insectivorous bats are well known for their abilities to find and pursue flying insect prey at close range using echolocation, but they also rely heavily on vision. For example, at night bats use vision to orient across landscapes, avoid large obstacles, and locate roosts. Although lacking sharp visual acuity, the eyes of bats evolved to function at very low levels of illumination. Recent evidence based on genetics, immunohistochemistry, and laboratory behavioral trials indicated that many bats can see ultraviolet light (UV), at least at illumination levels similar to or brighter than those before twilight. Despite this growing evidence for potentially widespread UV vision in bats, the prevalence of UV vision among bats remains unknown and has not been studied outside of the laboratory. We used a Y-maze to test whether wild-caught bats could see reflected UV light and whether such UV vision functions at the dim lighting conditions typically experienced by night-flying bats. Seven insectivorous species of bats, representing five genera and three families, showed a statistically significant ‘escape-toward-the-light’ behavior when placed in the Y-maze. Our results provide compelling evidence of widespread dim-light UV vision in bats.
","language":"English","publisher":"Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences","publisherLocation":"Warszawa, Poland","doi":"10.3161/15081109ACC2015.17.1.017","usgsCitation":"Gorresen, P.M., Cryan, P.M., Dalton, D.C., Wolf, S., and Bonaccorso, F., 2015, Ultraviolet vision may be widespread in bats: Acta Chiropterologica, v. 17, no. 1, p. 193-198, https://doi.org/10.3161/15081109ACC2015.17.1.017.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"198","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065926","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308656,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, 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An understanding of the causes and timing of mortalities and breeding season survival in this ecoregion is important because shinnery oak prairies have hotter and drier environmental conditions, as well as different predator communities compared with the northern distribution of the species. The need for this information has become more pressing given the recent listing of the species as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. We investigated causes of mortality and survival of lesser prairie-chickens during the 6-month breeding season (1 Mar–31 Aug) of 2008–2011 on the Texas Southern High Plains, USA. We recorded 42 deaths of radiotagged individuals, and our results indicated female mortalities were proportionate among avian and mammalian predation and other causes of mortality but survival was constant throughout the 6-month breeding season. Male mortalities were constant across avian and mammalian predation and other causes, but more mortalities occurred in June compared with other months. Male survival also varied by month, and survival probabilities were lower in June–August. We found predation on leks was rare, mortalities from fence collisions were rare, female survival did not decrease during incubation or brood-rearing, and survival was influenced by drought. Our study corroborated recent studies that suggested lesser prairie-chickens are living at the edge of their physiological tolerances to environmental conditions in shinnery oak prairies. As such, lesser prairie-chickens in our study experienced different patterns of mortality and survival that we attributed to hot, dry conditions during the breeding season. Specifically, and converse to other studies on lesser prairie-chicken survival and mortality, drought positively influenced female survival because females did not incubate eggs during drought conditions; the incubation period is when females are most vulnerable to predation. Male mortalities and survival were negatively influenced by drought later in the breeding season, which we attributed to rigorous lekking activities through late May combined with lack of food and cover as the breeding season progressed into summer.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/wsb.551","usgsCitation":"Grisham, B.A., and Boal, C.W., 2015, Causes of mortality and temporal patterns in breeding season survival of lesser prairie-chickens in shinnery oak prairies: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 39, no. 3, p. 536-542, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.551.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"536","endPage":"542","ipdsId":"IP-053468","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500051,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/e63edd00d8164c8e9c6d9ff649fe69a3","text":"External Repository"},{"id":330682,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Cochran County, Hockley County, Terry County, Yoakum County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-103.0469,33.8237],[-102.7603,33.825],[-102.616,33.8257],[-102.0867,33.8237],[-102.0774,33.3894],[-102.0782,32.9611],[-102.2039,32.961],[-102.595,32.9596],[-103.0145,32.9593],[-103.0632,32.9589],[-103.0632,33.0017],[-103.0593,33.209],[-103.0559,33.3903],[-103.0525,33.5738],[-103.0514,33.6402],[-103.0487,33.75],[-103.0469,33.8237]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Cochran\",\"state\":\"TX\"}}]}","volume":"39","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"581c4cc4e4b09688d6e90fe0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grisham, Blake A.","contributorId":75419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grisham","given":"Blake","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boal, Clint W. 0000-0001-6008-8911 cboal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6008-8911","contributorId":1909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boal","given":"Clint","email":"cboal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70188357,"text":"70188357 - 2015 - Regional seismic-wave propagation from the M5.8 23 August 2011, Mineral, Virginia, earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-07T08:38:07","indexId":"70188357","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1727,"text":"GSA Special Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional seismic-wave propagation from the M5.8 23 August 2011, Mineral, Virginia, earthquake","docAbstract":"The M5.8 23 August 2011 Mineral, Virginia, earthquake was felt over nearly the entire eastern United States and was recorded by a wide array of seismic broadband instruments. The earthquake occurred ~200 km southeast of the boundary between two distinct geologic belts, the Piedmont and Blue Ridge terranes to the southeast and the Valley and Ridge Province to the northwest. At a dominant period of 3 s, coherent postcritical P-wave (i.e., direct longitudinal waves trapped in the crustal waveguide) arrivals persist to a much greater distance for propagation paths toward the northwest quadrant than toward other directions; this is probably related to the relatively high crustal thickness beneath and west of the Appalachian Mountains. The seismic surface-wave arrivals comprise two distinct classes: those with weakly dispersed Rayleigh waves and those with strongly dispersed Rayleigh waves. We attribute the character of Rayleigh wave arrivals in the first class to wave propagation through a predominantly crystalline crust (Blue Ridge Mountains and Piedmont terranes) with a relatively thin veneer of sedimentary rock, whereas the temporal extent of the Rayleigh wave arrivals in the second class are well explained as the effect of the thick sedimentary cover of the Valley and Ridge Province and adjacent Appalachian Plateau province to its northwest. Broadband surface-wave ground velocity is amplified along both north-northwest and northeast azimuths from the Mineral, Virginia, source. The former may arise from lateral focusing effects arising from locally thick sedimentary cover in the Appalachian Basin, and the latter may result from directivity effects due to a northeast rupture propagation along the finite fault plane.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2014.2509(06)","usgsCitation":"Pollitz, F., and Mooney, W.D., 2015, Regional seismic-wave propagation from the M5.8 23 August 2011, Mineral, Virginia, earthquake: GSA Special Papers, v. 509, p. 95-116, https://doi.org/10.1130/2014.2509(06).","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"95","endPage":"116","ipdsId":"IP-050763","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342195,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88,\n 31\n ],\n [\n -69,\n 31\n ],\n [\n -69,\n 46\n ],\n [\n -88,\n 46\n ],\n [\n -88,\n 31\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"509","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593910afe4b0764e6c5e887d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pollitz, Frederick 0000-0002-4060-2706 fpollitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4060-2706","contributorId":139578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollitz","given":"Frederick","email":"fpollitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70159612,"text":"70159612 - 2015 - A Green's function approach for assessing the thermal disturbance caused by drilling deep boreholes in rock or ice","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-11-16T13:05:32","indexId":"70159612","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-27T03:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1803,"text":"Geophysical Journal International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A Green's function approach for assessing the thermal disturbance caused by drilling deep boreholes in rock or ice","docAbstract":"A knowledge of subsurface temperatures in sedimentary basins, fault zones, volcanic environments and polar ice sheets is of interest for a wide variety of geophysical applications. However, the process of drilling deep boreholes in these environments to provide access for temperature and other measurements invariably disturbs the temperature field around a newly created borehole. Although this disturbance dissipates over time, most temperature measurements are made while the temperature field is still disturbed. Thus, the measurements must be ‘corrected’ for the drilling-disturbance effect if the undisturbed temperature field is to be determined. This paper provides compact analytical solutions for the thermal drilling disturbance based on 1-D (radial) and 2-D (radial and depth) Green's functions (GFs) in cylindrical coordinates. Solutions are developed for three types of boundary conditions (BCs) at the borehole wall: (1) prescribed temperature, (2) prescribed heat flux and (3) a prescribed convective condition. The BC at the borehole wall is allowed to vary both with depth and time. Inclusion of the depth dimension in the 2-D solution allows vertical heat-transfer effects to be quantified in situations where they are potentially important, that is, near the earth's surface, at the bottom of a well and when considering finite-drilling rates. The 2-D solution also includes a radial- and time-dependent BC at the earth's surface to assess the impact of drilling-related infrastructure (drilling pads, mud pits, permanent shelters) on the subsurface temperature field. Latent-heat effects due to the melting and subsequent refreezing of interstitial ice while drilling a borehole through ice-rich permafrost can be included in the GF solution as a moving-plane heat source (or sink) located at the solid–liquid interface. Synthetic examples are provided illustrating the 1-D and 2-D GF solutions. The flexibility of the approach allows the investigation of thermal drilling effects in rock or ice for a wide variety of drilling technologies. Numerical values for the required radial GFs GR are available through the Advanced Cooperative Arctic Data and Information Service at doi:10.5065/D64F1NS6.
","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","publisherLocation":"Oxford, England","doi":"10.1093/gji/ggv415","usgsCitation":"Clow, G.D., 2015, A Green's function approach for assessing the thermal disturbance caused by drilling deep boreholes in rock or ice: Geophysical Journal International, v. 203, no. 3, p. 1877-1895, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggv415.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"1877","endPage":"1895","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059539","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471770,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggv415","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311374,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"203","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564b0c3ce4b0ebfbef0d3124","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clow, Gary D. 0000-0002-2262-3853 clow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2262-3853","contributorId":2066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"Gary","email":"clow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":579708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70157541,"text":"sir20155012 - 2015 - Gold-silver mining districts, alteration zones, and paleolandforms in the Miocene Bodie Hills Volcanic Field, California and Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-29T13:54:35","indexId":"sir20155012","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-25T16:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5012","title":"Gold-silver mining districts, alteration zones, and paleolandforms in the Miocene Bodie Hills Volcanic Field, California and Nevada","docAbstract":"GMEG staff, Geology, Minerals, Energy, & Geophysics Science Center—Tucson, Arizona
U.S. Geological Survey., c/o University of Arizona
ENRB Bldg, 520 N. Park Ave, Rm 355
Tucson, AZ 85719-5035
http://geomaps.wr.usgs.gov/gmeg/
","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"publishedDate":"2015-09-25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56066223e4b058f706e5192a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vikre, Peter G. pvikre@usgs.gov","contributorId":1800,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vikre","given":"Peter G.","email":"pvikre@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":573525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"John, David A. 0000-0001-7977-9106 djohn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7977-9106","contributorId":1748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"John","given":"David","email":"djohn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"du Bray, Edward A. 0000-0002-4383-8394 edubray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4383-8394","contributorId":755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"du Bray","given":"Edward","email":"edubray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fleck, Robert J. 0000-0002-3149-8249 fleck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3149-8249","contributorId":1048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleck","given":"Robert","email":"fleck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70155182,"text":"sir20155103 - 2015 - Flood-inundation maps for the Tippecanoe River at Winamac, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-09T09:22:16","indexId":"sir20155103","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-25T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5103","title":"Flood-inundation maps for the Tippecanoe River at Winamac, Indiana","docAbstract":"
Digital flood-inundation maps for a 6.2 mile reach of the Tippecanoe River at Winamac, Indiana (Ind.), were created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Indiana Office of Community and Rural Affairs. The flood-inundation maps, which can be accessed through the USGS Flood Inundation Mapping Science Web site at http://water.usgs.gov/osw/flood_inundation/, depict estimates of the areal extent and depth of flooding corresponding to selected water levels (stages) at the USGS streamgage 03331753, Tippecanoe River at Winamac, Ind. Current conditions for estimating near-real-time areas of inundation using USGS streamgage information may be obtained on the Internet from the USGS National Water Information System at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/in/nwis/uv?site_no=03331753. In addition, information has been provided by the USGS to the National Weather Service (NWS) for incorporation into their Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (AHPS) flood warning system (http://water.weather.gov/ahps/). The NWS AHPS forecasts flood hydrographs at many sites that are often collocated with USGS streamgages, including the Tippecanoe River at Winamac, Ind. NWS AHPS forecast peak-stage information may be used in conjunction with the maps developed in this study to show predicted areas of flood inundation and forecasts of flood hydrographs at this site.
\nFor this study, flood profiles were computed for the Tippecanoe River reach by means of a one-dimensional step-backwater model. The hydraulic model was calibrated by using the most current stage-discharge relations at the Tippecanoe River streamgage, in combination with the current (2014) Federal Emergency Management Agency flood-insurance study for Pulaski County. The calibrated hydraulic model was then used to determine nine water-surface profiles for flood stages at 1-foot intervals referenced to the streamgage datum and ranging from bankfull to the highest stage of the current stage-discharge rating curve. The 1-percent annual exceedance probability (AEP) flood stage (flood with recurrence intervals within 100 years) has not been determined yet for this streamgage location. The rating has not been developed for the 1-percent AEP because the streamgage dates to only 2001. The simulated water-surface profiles were then used with a geographic information system (GIS) digital elevation model (DEM, derived from Light Detection and Ranging [lidar]) in order to delineate the area flooded at each water level. The availability of these maps, along with Internet information regarding current stage from the USGS streamgage 03331753, Tippecanoe River at Winamac, Ind., and forecast stream stages from the NWS AHPS, provides emergency management personnel and residents with information that is critical for flood response activities such as evacuations and road closures, as well as for post-flood recovery efforts.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155103","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Indiana Office of Community and Rural Affairs","usgsCitation":"Menke, C.D., and Bunch, A.R., 2015, Flood-inundation maps for the Tippecanoe River at Winamac, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5103, 9 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155103.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 9 p.; Shape Files; Depth Grid; Read Me; Metadata","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-062654","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308491,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5103/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":308585,"rank":3,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5103/downloads/sir2015-5103_tipwinIN_8_16.txt","text":"Flood-inundation maps for the Tippecanoe River","size":"14.6 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"SIR 2015-5103"},{"id":308586,"rank":4,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5103/downloads/sir2015-5103_tipwinIN_shapefile.txt","text":"Shape File","size":"11.8 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"SIR 2015-5103"},{"id":308587,"rank":5,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5103/downloads/00Readmewin.txt","text":"Read Me","size":"8.34 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"},"description":"SIR 2015-5103"},{"id":308492,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5103/sir20155103.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.38 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5103"},{"id":308588,"rank":6,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5103/downloads/flood_extent_shape.zip","text":"Flood Shape Files","size":"698 KB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"SIR 2015-5103"},{"id":308589,"rank":7,"type":{"id":23,"text":"Spatial Data"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5103/downloads/grids.zip","text":"Depth Grids","size":"5.40 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"SIR 2015-5103"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","city":"Winamac","otherGeospatial":"Tippecanoe River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.60573959350586,\n 41.022002667989355\n ],\n [\n -86.60573959350586,\n 41.05851470715536\n ],\n [\n -86.56351089477539,\n 41.05851470715536\n ],\n [\n -86.56351089477539,\n 41.022002667989355\n ],\n [\n -86.60573959350586,\n 41.022002667989355\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Indiana Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5957 Lakeside Blvd.
Indianapolis, IN 46278
http://in.water.usgs.gov/
http://ky.water.usgs.gov/
The 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) goal is to acquire, manage, and distribute enhanced three-dimensional elevation data for the Nation and U.S. territories by 2023. This status report covers implementation activities during 2013–2014 to include meeting funding objectives, developing a management structure, modernizing systems, and collecting and producing initial 3DEP data and products. The Nation will not have complete coverage of 3DEP quality data until 2023 assuming that sufficient funding is available. In spite of the overall condition of government budgets, the 3DEP initiative has gained widespread support and had incremental budget success to include supplemental funding resulting from natural disasters. The 3DEP Executive Forum and a wide range of professional organizations are actively working to maintain support for the program. The systems that have been developed to support increasing acquisition and processing levels are largely in place. The first 3DEP quality datasets were released to the public in late 2014. In addition, light detection and ranging (lidar), interferometric synthetic aperture radar (ifsar), and digital elevation models (DEMs) acquired before 2014 are all supported within the new infrastructure and available for download. Research is ongoing to expand the suite of products and services, and to increase overall throughput and data management efficiency. Emerging technologies may result in lower acquisition costs in the future. Elevation data acquired by 3DEP partnerships will be available through The National Map representing one of the largest and most comprehensive databases publicly available for the United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151161","usgsCitation":"Lukas, Vicki, Eldridge, D.F., Jason, A.L., Saghy, D.L., Steigerwald, P.R., Stoker, J.M., Sugarbaker, L.J., and Thunen, D.R., 2015, Status report for the 3D Elevation Program, 2013–2014: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1161, 17 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151161.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p.","numberOfPages":"22","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-066538","costCenters":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333334,"rank":3,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20161196","text":"Open-File Report 2016–1196 - ","linkHelpText":"Status Report for the 3D Elevation Program, 2015"},{"id":308532,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1161/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":308533,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1161/ofr20151161.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.49 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1161"}],"contact":"Director, National Geospatial Program
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
511 National Center
Reston, VA 20192
Email: 3dep@usgs.gov
http://www.usgs.gov/ngpo/
http://nationalmap.gov/3DEP/
Evaporation from April 2005 through October 2007 at two central Florida lakes, one close to the Gulf of Mexico and one in the center of the peninsula, was 4.043 and 4.111 meters (m), respectively; evaporation for 2006 was 1.534 and 1.538 m, respectively. Although annual evaporation rates at the two lakes were similar, there were monthly differences between the two lakes because of changes in stored heat; the shallower Lake Calm (mean depth 3 m) stored less heat and exchanged heat more rapidly than the deeper Lake Starr (mean depth 5 m).
\nBoth lakes are seepage lakes (no surface-water inflow or outflows) that are dependent on groundwater inflow from their basins to offset an atmospheric deficit, because long-term rainfall in this area is less than evaporation. The Lake Starr basin, where sandy, well-drained ridges surround the lake, has a greater capacity to store infiltrating rain than the Lake Calm basin, which is flat and has poorly drained soils. The storage capacities of the basins affect groundwater exchange with the lakes. Rainfall and net groundwater exchange, which is related to basin characteristics, varied more between these two lakes than did evaporation during this study.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151075","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Southwest Florida Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Swancar, Amy, 2015, Comparison of evaporation at two central Florida lakes, April 2005–November 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File ReportDirector, Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
4446 Pet Lane, Suite 108
Lutz, FL 33559
(813) 498-5000
Or visit the Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
fl.water.usgs.gov
There has been a great deal of attention paid recently to the idea of data sharing (Van Noorden 2014, Beardsley 2015, Nature Publishing Group2015, www.copdess.com). However, the vast majority of these arguments are in agreement and present as fait accompli the idea that data are a public good and that therefore, once published, they should become open access. In fact, although there are many good reasons for data sharing, there also are a number of cogent and coherent cases to be made against open-access policies (e.g., Fenichel and Skelly 2015). The goal of this piece is not to debate the relevance or accuracy of the points made in favor of data sharing but to elevate the discussion by pointing out key problems with open-access policies and to identify central issues that, if solved, will enhance the utility of data sharing to science and society.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Institute of Biological Sciences","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biv131","usgsCitation":"Katzner, T., 2015, Do open access data policies inhibit innovation?: BioScience, v. 65, no. 11, p. 1037-1038, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biv131.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1037","endPage":"1038","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066607","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471771,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biv131","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311377,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564b0c45e4b0ebfbef0d3142","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Katzner, Todd E. 0000-0003-4503-8435 tkatzner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-8435","contributorId":5979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzner","given":"Todd E.","email":"tkatzner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":579686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70148548,"text":"70148548 - 2015 - Measurement of in situ sulfur isotopes by laser ablation multi-collector ICPMS: opening Pandora’s Box","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-20T10:00:45","indexId":"70148548","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3828,"text":"Procedia Earth and Planetary Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Measurement of in situ sulfur isotopes by laser ablation multi-collector ICPMS: opening Pandora’s Box","docAbstract":"Laser ablation multi-collector ICPMS is a modern tool for in situ measurement of S isotopes. Advantages of the technique are speed of analysis and relatively minor matrix effects combined with spatial resolution sufficient for many applications. The main disadvantage is a more destructive sampling mechanism relative to the ion microprobe technique. Recent advances in instrumentation allow precise measurement with spatial resolutions down to 25 microns. We describe specific examples from economic geology where increased spatial resolution has greatly expanded insights into the sources and evolution of fluids that cause mineralization and illuminated genetic relations between individual deposits in single mineral districts.
","conferenceTitle":"11th Applied Isotope Geochemistry Conference","conferenceDate":"September 21st-25th 2015","conferenceLocation":"Orléans, France","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.proeps.2015.07.028","usgsCitation":"Ridley, W.I., Pribil, M., Koenig, A.E., and Slack, J.F., 2015, Measurement of in situ sulfur isotopes by laser ablation multi-collector ICPMS: opening Pandora’s Box: Procedia Earth and Planetary Science, v. 13, p. 116-119, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeps.2015.07.028.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"116","endPage":"119","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064123","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471772,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeps.2015.07.028","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":311631,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5650524fe4b0f162148c5d15","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ridley, William I. 0000-0001-6787-558X iridley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6787-558X","contributorId":1160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ridley","given":"William","email":"iridley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pribil, Michael J. 0000-0003-4859-8673 mpribil@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4859-8673","contributorId":141158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pribil","given":"Michael","email":"mpribil@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Koenig, Alan E. 0000-0002-5230-0924 akoenig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5230-0924","contributorId":1564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koenig","given":"Alan","email":"akoenig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Slack, John F. 0000-0001-6600-3130 jfslack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6600-3130","contributorId":1032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"John","email":"jfslack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":548573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70157464,"text":"70157464 - 2015 - Accuracy or precision: Implications of sample design and methodology on abundance estimation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-24T11:52:43","indexId":"70157464","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-24T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accuracy or precision: Implications of sample design and methodology on abundance estimation","docAbstract":"Sampling by spatially replicated counts (point-count) is an increasingly popular method of estimating population size of organisms. Challenges exist when sampling by point-count method, and it is often impractical to sample entire area of interest and impossible to detect every individual present. Ecologists encounter logistical limitations that force them to sample either few large-sample units or many small sample-units, introducing biases to sample counts. We generated a computer environment and simulated sampling scenarios to test the role of number of samples, sample unit area, number of organisms, and distribution of organisms in the estimation of population sizes using N-mixture models. Many sample units of small area provided estimates that were consistently closer to true abundance than sample scenarios with few sample units of large area. However, sample scenarios with few sample units of large area provided more precise abundance estimates than abundance estimates derived from sample scenarios with many sample units of small area. It is important to consider accuracy and precision of abundance estimates during the sample design process with study goals and objectives fully recognized, although and with consequence, consideration of accuracy and precision of abundance estimates is often an afterthought that occurs during the data analysis process.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.08.016","usgsCitation":"Kowalewski, L.K., Chizinski, C.J., Powell, L., Pope, K.L., and Pegg, M.A., 2015, Accuracy or precision: Implications of sample design and methodology on abundance estimation: Ecological Modelling, v. 316, p. 185-190, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.08.016.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"185","endPage":"190","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064775","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":308504,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"316","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560510c7e4b058f706e51299","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kowalewski, Lucas K.","contributorId":147928,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kowalewski","given":"Lucas","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chizinski, Christopher J.","contributorId":7178,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chizinski","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Powell, Larkin A.","contributorId":15100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"Larkin A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pope, Kevin L. 0000-0003-1876-1687 kpope@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1876-1687","contributorId":1574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pope","given":"Kevin","email":"kpope@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":573241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pegg, Mark A.","contributorId":45212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pegg","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":573278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70158904,"text":"70158904 - 2015 - Role of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) in nitrogen removal from a freshwater aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T15:58:58","indexId":"70158904","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-24T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Role of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) in nitrogen removal from a freshwater aquifer","docAbstract":"Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) couples the oxidation of ammonium with the reduction of nitrite, producing N2. The presence and activity of anammox bacteria in groundwater were investigated at multiple locations in an aquifer variably affected by a large, wastewater-derived contaminant plume. Anammox bacteria were detected at all locations tested using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and quantification of hydrazine oxidoreductase (hzo) gene transcripts. Anammox and denitrification activities were quantified by in situ 15NO2–tracer tests along anoxic flow paths in areas of varying ammonium, nitrate, and organic carbon abundances. Rates of denitrification and anammox were determined by quantifying changes in 28N2, 29N2, 30N2, 15NO3–, 15NO2–, and 15NH4+ with groundwater travel time. Anammox was present and active in all areas tested, including where ammonium and dissolved organic carbon concentrations were low, but decreased in proportion to denitrification when acetate was added to increase available electron supply. Anammox contributed 39–90% of potential N2 production in this aquifer, with rates on the order of 10 nmol N2–N L–1 day–1. Although rates of both anammox and denitrification during the tracer tests were low, they were sufficient to reduce inorganic nitrogen concentrations substantially during the overall groundwater residence times in the aquifer. These results demonstrate that anammox activity in groundwater can rival that of denitrification and may need to be considered when assessing nitrogen mass transport and permanent loss of fixed nitrogen in aquifers.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","publisherLocation":"Easton, PA","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b02488","usgsCitation":"Smith, R.L., Bohlke, J.K., Song, B., and C. Tobias, 2015, Role of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) in nitrogen removal from a freshwater aquifer: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 49, no. 20, p. 12169-12177, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b02488.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"12169","endPage":"12177","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068154","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":309714,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"20","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5616425be4b0ba4884c614b8","chorus":{"doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b02488","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b02488","publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","authors":"Smith Richard L., Böhlke J. K., Song Bongkeun, Tobias Craig R.","journalName":"Environmental Science & Technology","publicationDate":"10/20/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Richard L. 0000-0002-3829-0125 rlsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3829-0125","contributorId":1592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"rlsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":576805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bohlke, John Karl 0000-0001-5693-6455 jkbohlke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":127841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"John","email":"jkbohlke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Karl","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":576806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Song, B.","contributorId":149068,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Song","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6708,"text":"Virginia Institute of Marine Science","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":576807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"C. Tobias","contributorId":149069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"C. Tobias","affiliations":[{"id":6619,"text":"University of Connecticutt","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":576808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70157440,"text":"70157440 - 2015 - Aleutian basin oceanic crust","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-13T06:42:46","indexId":"70157440","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-24T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aleutian basin oceanic crust","docAbstract":"We present two-dimensional P-wave velocity structure along two wide-angle ocean bottom seismometer profiles from the Aleutian basin in the Bering Sea. The basement here is commonly considered to be trapped oceanic crust, yet there is a change in orientation of magnetic lineations and gravity features within the basin that might reflect later processes. Line 1 extends ∼225 km from southwest to northeast, while Line 2 extends ∼225 km from northwest to southeast and crosses the observed change in magnetic lineation orientation. Velocities of the sediment layer increase from 2.0 km/s at the seafloor to 3.0–3.4 km/s just above basement, crustal velocities increase from 5.1–5.6 km/s at the top of basement to 7.0–7.1 km/s at the base of the crust, and upper mantle velocities are 8.1–8.2 km/s. Average sediment thickness is 3.8–3.9 km for both profiles. Crustal thickness varies from 6.2 to 9.6 km, with average thickness of 7.2 km on Line 1 and 8.8 km on Line 2. There is no clear change in crustal structure associated with a change in orientation of magnetic lineations and gravity features. The velocity structure is consistent with that of normal or thickened oceanic crust. The observed increase in crustal thickness from west to east is interpreted as reflecting an increase in melt supply during crustal formation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2015.06.040","usgsCitation":"Christeson, G.L., and Barth, G., 2015, Aleutian basin oceanic crust: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 426, p. 167-175, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.06.040.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"167","endPage":"175","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064660","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471774,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.06.040","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308488,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Russia, United States","otherGeospatial":"Aleutian basin, Bering Sea","volume":"426","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"560510cae4b058f706e5129b","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.epsl.2015.06.040","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.06.040","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Christeson G.L., Barth G.A.","journalName":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","publicationDate":"9/2015","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Christeson, Gail L.","contributorId":147203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christeson","given":"Gail","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13603,"text":"University of Texas, Austin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":573194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barth, Ginger A. gbarth@usgs.gov","contributorId":3595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barth","given":"Ginger A.","email":"gbarth@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":573193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}