The Edwards aquifer is the sole source of water for about 1.3 million people in and near San Antonio, Texas, as well as for ranchers and farmers throughout south-central Texas. Because of the demand for this resource, various studies have been conducted to better understand the Edwards aquifer and how the aquifer reacts to environmental changes and human influences. In July 1996, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Edwards Aquifer Research and Data Center (EARDC) at Southwest Texas State University (SWTSU) and the Texas Water Development Board (TWDB), began a study to investigate possible changes in water quality of the Edwards aquifer near the freshwater/saline-water interface that might result if drought occurs. The continuing study is part of the USGS National WaterQuality Assessment (NAWQA) Program in south-central Texas. The freshwater/saline-water interface, known locally as the “bad-water line,” marks the beginning of the transition in the aquifer from freshwater (updip) to saline water (downdip). The interface is defined as the 1,000-milligram-per-liter (mg/L) line of equal dissolved solids concentration as delineated by Maclay and others (1980, fig. 7). Water in the freshwater zone of the Edwards aquifer tends to have dissolved solids concentrations of 250 to 300 mg/L (Pavlicek and others, 1987, p. 3). In contrast, water in the saline-water zone of the Edwards aquifer commonly has dissolved solids concentrations greater than 10,000 mg/L, and sample concentrations as large as 232,000 mg/L have been measured (Groschen and Buszka, 1997, p. 21).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs10398","usgsCitation":"Cederberg, J., Ging, P.B., and Ourso, R.T., 1998, Monitoring of Selected Water-Quality Constituents Near the Freshwater/Saline-Water Interface of the Edwards Aquifer, July 1996-December 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 103-98, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs10398.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327081,"rank":101,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/Fs10398/10398.pdf"},{"id":603,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/FS/Fs10398/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":117080,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_103_98.bmp"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db6990e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cederberg, J.R.","contributorId":16239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cederberg","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ging, Patricia B. 0000-0001-5491-8448 pbging@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5491-8448","contributorId":1788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ging","given":"Patricia","email":"pbging@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":150533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ourso, Robert T. 0000-0002-5952-8681 rtourso@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5952-8681","contributorId":203207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ourso","given":"Robert","email":"rtourso@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":150534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":24678,"text":"ofr98415 - 1998 - Description of piezometers installed in the Duranes well field area, Albuquerque, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:21","indexId":"ofr98415","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-415","title":"Description of piezometers installed in the Duranes well field area, Albuquerque, New Mexico","docAbstract":"Since 1993, the aquifer system in the Middle Rio Grande Basin, \r\nand particularly in the Albuquerque area, has been the focus of studies to \r\nfurther define the extent of the most productive parts of the aquifer and \r\nto gain a better understanding of ground-water/surface-water interactions. \r\nTwenty-one piezometers were installed during January and February 1997 at \r\nfive sites in the Duranes well field area in Albuquerque, New Mexico, to \r\nallow for concentrated collection of hydraulic-head data. This \r\nconcentrated collection of shallow hydraulic-head data may lead to a better \r\nunderstanding of the effects of ground-water production on the Rio Grande \r\nnear a City of Albuquerque well field.\r\n\r\n Each piezometer was installed in a hole augered by a rig using \r\nhollow-stem auger flights. All piezometers are constructed of flush-joint\r\npolyvinyl chloride casing with 5-foot polyvinyl chloride screens. The\r\nuppermost 2 feet of the piezometer casing is covered by a steel casing with \r\na locking lid. Driller's logs and geophysical logs were collected from \r\nthe deepest hole and piezometer, respectively, at each site. This \r\nreport describes the piezometers installed and presents initial water- \r\nlevel data for all piezometers.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, [Water Resources Division, New Mexico District] ;Can be purchased from U.S. Geological Survey, Branch of Information Services,","doi":"10.3133/ofr98415","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Thorn, C.R., 1998, Description of piezometers installed in the Duranes well field area, Albuquerque, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-415, iii, 14 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm. (PDF versions of reports maybe available under individual chapters), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98415.","productDescription":"iii, 14 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm. (PDF versions of reports maybe available under individual chapters)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157743,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0415/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53701,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0415/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66c968","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorn, C. R.","contributorId":100879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorn","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23227,"text":"ofr98394 - 1998 - Data Quality Objectives and Criteria for Basic Information, Acceptable Uncertainty, and Quality-Assurance and Quality-Control Documentation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:14","indexId":"ofr98394","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-394","title":"Data Quality Objectives and Criteria for Basic Information, Acceptable Uncertainty, and Quality-Assurance and Quality-Control Documentation","docAbstract":"The Federal Highway Administration and State transportation agencies have the responsibility of determining and minimizing the effects of highway runoff on water quality; therefore, they have been conducting an extensive program of water-quality monitoring and research during the last 25 years. The objectives and monitoring goals of highway runoff studies have been diverse, because the highway community must address many different questions about the characteristics and impacts of highway runoff. The Federal Highway Administration must establish that available data and procedures that are used to assess and predict pollutant loadings and impacts from highway stormwater runoff are valid, current, and technically supportable.\r\n\r\nThis report examines criteria for evaluating water-quality data and resultant interpretations. The criteria used to determine if data are valid (useful for intended purposes), current, and technically supportable are derived from published materials from the Federal Highway Administration, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the Intergovernmental Task Force on Monitoring Water Quality, the U.S. Geological Survey and from technical experts throughout the U.S. Geological Survey.\r\n\r\nWater-quality data that are documented to be meaningful, representative, complete, precise, accurate, comparable, and admissible as legal evidence will meet the scientific, engineering, and regulatory needs of highway agencies. Documentation of basic information, such as compatible monitoring objectives and program design features; metadata (when, where, and how data were collected as well as who collected and analyzed the data); ancillary information (explanatory variables and study-site characteristics); and legal requirements are needed to evaluate data. Documentation of sufficient quality-assurance and quality-control information to establish the quality and uncertainty in the data and interpretations also are needed to determine the comparability and utility of data sets for intended uses. The fact that a program's data may not meet screening criteria for a national synthesis does not mean that the data are not useful for meeting that program's objectives or that they could not be used for water-quality studies with different objectives.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;Branch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr98394","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration","usgsCitation":"Granato, G., Bank, F.G., and Cazenas, P.A., 1998, Data Quality Objectives and Criteria for Basic Information, Acceptable Uncertainty, and Quality-Assurance and Quality-Control Documentation: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-394, vi, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98394.","productDescription":"vi, 17 p.","costCenters":[{"id":377,"text":"Massachusetts-Rhode Island Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155351,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9461,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/ofr98-394/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67ca74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Granato, Gregory E. 0000-0002-2561-9913 ggranato@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2561-9913","contributorId":1692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granato","given":"Gregory E.","email":"ggranato@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":189678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bank, Fred G.","contributorId":90769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bank","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cazenas, Patricia A.","contributorId":61854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cazenas","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":22893,"text":"ofr98407 - 1998 - Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 1996 through September 1997) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the upper Clark Fork basin, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:55","indexId":"ofr98407","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-407","title":"Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 1996 through September 1997) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the upper Clark Fork basin, Montana","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr98407","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Dodge, K.A., Hornberger, M.I., and Axtmann, E., 1998, Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 1996 through September 1997) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the upper Clark Fork basin, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-407, iv, 102 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98407.","productDescription":"iv, 102 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154238,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0407/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52299,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0407/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e5277","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dodge, K. A.","contributorId":40615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodge","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hornberger, Michelle I. 0000-0002-7787-3446","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7787-3446","contributorId":23574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Axtmann, E.V.","contributorId":30652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Axtmann","given":"E.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":22672,"text":"ofr98512 - 1998 - MAS/MILS Arc/Info point coverage for the western U.S. (excluding Hawaii)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-15T12:14:16.454811","indexId":"ofr98512","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-512","title":"MAS/MILS Arc/Info point coverage for the western U.S. (excluding Hawaii)","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey has two international and one regional digital database that contains information on mineral properties. This report describes the conversion of selected data from one of the international databases - MAS/MILS (Mineral Availability System/Mineral Industry Location System) - into a spatial data product. The MAS/MILS database, obtained from the U.S. Bureau of Mines (USBM) upon its closure, contains over 221,000 records of mineral properties and processing facilities throughout the world. However, the majority of the records in the database are of sites located in the western U.S. This is due to the extensive mineral activity that has occurred in the West, and the work done by mineral professionals in the Western, Alaska, and Intermountain Field Operations Centers of the USBM.
The purpose of this project was to create a spatial coverage of the western U.S. containing mineral resource information. This coverage includes information for the states of Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. For this report, locations from MAS/MILS were converted to a point coverage using a geographic information system (GIS). All work was done using Arc/Info v. 7.0.4. There are 128,441 points in the coverage.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98512","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Causey, J.D., 1998, MAS/MILS Arc/Info point coverage for the western U.S. (excluding Hawaii): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-512, Report: iii, 24 p.; Readme; Metadata; Deposit dictionary and manual; Complete digital package; Dataset; Additional datasets; Additional files; Map files: HPGL2 format; Map files: EPS format, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98512.","productDescription":"Report: iii, 24 p.; Readme; Metadata; Deposit dictionary and manual; Complete digital package; Dataset; Additional datasets; Additional files; Map files: HPGL2 format; Map files: EPS format","numberOfPages":"28","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":284728,"rank":10,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr98512.jpg"},{"id":284715,"rank":6,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0512/pdf/masnpdictionary.pdf"},{"id":284716,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0512/mas.tar.Z"},{"id":284720,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0512/more.e00.tar.Z"},{"id":284721,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0512/files.tar.Z"},{"id":284722,"rank":2,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0512/mils.eps.Z"},{"id":284725,"rank":1,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0512/mils.hp.Z"},{"id":284718,"rank":7,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0512/mils.e00.Z"},{"id":284712,"rank":8,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0512/mils.met"},{"id":284711,"rank":9,"type":{"id":20,"text":"Read Me"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0512/readme.txt"},{"id":1422,"rank":11,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0512/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":52147,"rank":12,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0512/pdf/of98-512.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"5000000","projection":"Albers equal-area conic projection","datum":"North American Datum 1927","country":"United States","state":"Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.45,31.29 ], [ 172.45,71.39 ], [ -101.96,71.39 ], [ -101.96,31.29 ], [ 172.45,31.29 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd652ce4b0b290850ffeac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Causey, J. Douglas","contributorId":41398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Causey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Douglas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":22771,"text":"ofr98506 - 1998 - Cruise report for a seismic investigation of gas hydrates in the Mississippi Canyon region, northern Gulf of Mexico: Cruise M1-98-GM","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-15T20:14:04.94538","indexId":"ofr98506","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-506","title":"Cruise report for a seismic investigation of gas hydrates in the Mississippi Canyon region, northern Gulf of Mexico: Cruise M1-98-GM","docAbstract":"During June 1998, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the University of Mississippi Marine Minerals Technology Center (MMTC) conducted a 12-day cruise in the Mississippi Canyon region of the Gulf of Mexico (Fig. 1). The R/V Tommy Munro, owned by the Marine Research Institute of the University of Southern Mississippi, was chartered for the cruise. The general objective was to acquire very high resolution seismic-reflection data across of the upper and middle continental slope (200-1200-m water depths) to study the acoustic character, distribution and potential effects of gas hydrates within the shallow subsurface, extending from the sea floor down to the base of the gas-hydrate stability zone.\n\nThe Gulf of Mexico is well known for hydrocarbon resources that include petroleum and related gases. Areas of the Gulf that lie in waters deeper than about 250 m potentially have conditions (e.g., pressure, temperature, near-surface gas content, etc.) that are right for the shallow-subsurface formation of the ice-like substance (gas and water) known as gas hydrate (Kvenvolden, 1993). Gas hydrates have previously been sampled in sea-floor cores and observed as massive mounds in several parts of the northern Gulf, including the Mississippi Canyon region (e.g., Anderson et al., 1992). Extensive seismic data have been recorded in the Gulf, in support of commercial drilling efforts, but few very high resolution data exist in the public domain to aid in gas-hydrate studies. Studies of long-term interest include those on the resource potential of gas hydrates, the geologic hazards associated with dissociation and formation of hydrates, and the impact, if any, of gas-hydrate dissociation on atmospheric warming (i.e., via release of methane, a \"greenhouse\" gas).\n\nSeveral very high resolution seismic systems (surface-towed, deep-towed, and sea-floor) were used during the cruise to test the feasibility of using such data for detailed structural (geometric) and stratigraphic (physical property) analyses based on the acoustic data. The cruise was conducted in two regions, on opposite flanks of the Mississippi Canyon, where gas hydrates are known and suspected from prior coring and seismic operations (e.g., Neurauter and Bryant, 1989). The regions are also characterized by thick surficial, relatively young (Pleistocene and younger) sediments. Swath-bathymetry data (Fig. 2) show extensive sea-floor faults, piercement features, and slumps—features whose development could potentially be related to gas hydrates. The specific objectives of the cruise were (a) to image the gas-hydrate stability zone across the continental margin to document bottom-simulating reflections (BSRs) and changes in geometry of the hydrate stability zone; (b) to image known hydrate features (with several seismic systems) to estimate physical properties for hydrate and non-hydrate areas; (c) to outline the shallow structures of the hydrate stability zone to ascertain their potential effects on the formation/distribution of hydrates and on stability of the sea floor; and (d) to estimate, if possible, the amounts of hydrates present in the shallow sub surface.\nDuring the cruise about 850 km of multichannel and single-channel seismic data were recorded. Seismic measurements at nine ocean-bottom seismometer (OBS) stations were recorded for several of the multichannel tracklines (see Fig. 3 in report). The following report describes the field operations and equipment systems employed, gives two examples of ship-board seismic records, and outlines a few preliminary results.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Menlo Park, CA","doi":"10.3133/ofr98506","usgsCitation":"Cooper, A.K., Hart, P.E., and Pecher, I., 1998, Cruise report for a seismic investigation of gas hydrates in the Mississippi Canyon region, northern Gulf of Mexico: Cruise M1-98-GM: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-506, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98506.","productDescription":"17 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":410567,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_43668.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":52205,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0506/pdf/of98-506.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157067,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0506/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":1502,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0506/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"otherGeospatial":"Gulf Of Mexico, Mississippi Canyon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.917,\n 28\n ],\n [\n -89.917,\n 28.633\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 28.633\n ],\n [\n -89,\n 28\n ],\n [\n -89.917,\n 28\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd537ee4b0b290850f52f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cooper, Alan K. acooper@usgs.gov","contributorId":2854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"Alan","email":"acooper@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":188845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, Patrick E. 0000-0002-5080-1426 hart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5080-1426","contributorId":2879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Patrick","email":"hart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":188846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pecher, Ingo","contributorId":24628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pecher","given":"Ingo","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":23097,"text":"ofr98509 - 1998 - Cruise report RV Inland Surveyer Cruise IS-98; the bathymetry of Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada, August 2 through August 17, 1998, Lake Tahoe, California and Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-25T09:48:22","indexId":"ofr98509","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-509","title":"Cruise report RV Inland Surveyer Cruise IS-98; the bathymetry of Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada, August 2 through August 17, 1998, Lake Tahoe, California and Nevada","docAbstract":"The major objective of cruise IS-98 was to map the bathymetry of Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada (Fig. 1) to fulfill a commitment made during the Lake Tahoe Presidential Forum in 1997. The only existing bathymetry of Lake Tahoe, collected in 1923, was recently compiled by Rowe and Stone (1997), but the data density is inadequate for the level of scientific studies ongoing and anticipated in the near future for Lake Tahoe. Recent advances in marine multibeam-sonar capabilities now permit a cost-effective way, to precisely map the bathymetry of large areas of the ocean floor with 100% coverage. Cruise IS-98 applied this state-of-the-art ocean technology to Lake Tahoe. The newest of these high-resolution multibeam mapping systems also simultaneously collects backscatter (similar to sidescan sonar) imagery that results in a complimentary and co-registered data set that is related to the distribution of lake-floor materials and textures. The two types of maps that resulted from this cruise provide the multidisiplinary Lake Tahoe research community an unprecedented set of base maps upon which to build their studies. This report describes the high-resolution multibeam mapping system used at Lake Tahoe, outlines the data-processing steps used to produce the maps, and includes the daily log of the cruise.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Menlo Park, CA","doi":"10.3133/ofr98509","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Conducted under a Cooperative Agreement between the US Geological Survey and the Ocean Mapping Group, University of New Brunswick","usgsCitation":"Gardner, J.V., Mayer, L.A., and Hughes-Clarke, J., 1998, Cruise report RV Inland Surveyer Cruise IS-98; the bathymetry of Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada, August 2 through August 17, 1998, Lake Tahoe, California and Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-509, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98509.","productDescription":"22 p.","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":156005,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0509/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":13203,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0509/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":52465,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0509/pdf/of98-509.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California;Nevada","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -120.1797,38.9227 ], [ -120.1797,39.2914 ], [ -119.8931,39.2914 ], [ -119.8931,38.9227 ], [ -120.1797,38.9227 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd537be4b0b290850f52e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gardner, James V.","contributorId":93035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mayer, Larry A.","contributorId":69583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hughes-Clarke, John","contributorId":41698,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hughes-Clarke","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18889,"text":"University of New Brunswick","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":189429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":25724,"text":"wri974225 - 1998 - Preliminary estimates of residence times and apparent ages of ground water in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, and water-quality data from a survey of springs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-08T15:15:38","indexId":"wri974225","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4225","title":"Preliminary estimates of residence times and apparent ages of ground water in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, and water-quality data from a survey of springs","docAbstract":" Knowledge of the residence times of the ground-water systems in Chesapeake Bay watershed helps resource managers anticipate potential delays between implementation of land-management practices and any improve-ments in river and estuary water quality. This report presents preliminary estimates of ground-water residence times and apparent ages of water in the shallow aquifers of the Chesapeake Bay watershed. A simple reservoir model, published data, and analyses of spring water were used to estimate residence times and apparent ages of ground-water discharge. Ranges of aquifer hydraulic characteristics throughout the Bay watershed were derived from published literature and were used to estimate ground-water residence times on the basis of a simple reservoir model. Simple combinations of rock type and physiographic province were used to delineate hydrogeomorphic regions (HGMR?s) for the study area. The HGMR?s are used to facilitate organization and display of the data and analyses. Illustrations depicting the relation of aquifer characteristics and associated residence times as a continuum for each HGMR were developed. In this way, the natural variation of aquifer characteristics can be seen graphically by use of data from selected representative studies. Water samples collected in September and November 1996, from 46 springs throughout the watershed were analyzed for chlorofluorocarbons (CFC?s) to estimate the apparent age of ground water. For comparison purposes, apparent ages of water from springs were calculated assuming piston flow. Additi-onal data are given to estimate apparent ages assuming an exponential distribution of ages in spring discharge. Additionally, results from previous studies of CFC-dating of ground water from other springs and wells in the watershed were compiled. The CFC data, and the data on major ions, nutrients, and nitrogen isotopes in the water collected from the 46 springs are included in this report. The apparent ages of water discharging from 30 of the 46 springs sampled were less than 20 years, including 5 that were 'modern' (0-4 years). Four samples had apparent ages of 22 to 34 years, and two others from thermal springs were 40 years or greater. The remaining ten samples were contaminated with local sources of CFC and could not be dated. Nitrate concentrations and nitrate delta 15 nitrogen (15N) values in water from many springs are similar to those in shallow ground water beneath fertilized fields, and some values are high enough to indicate a probable source from animal-waste components. The nitrogen data reported here highlight the significance of the springs sampled during this study as pathways for nutrient transport in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Ground-water samples were collected from springs during an unusually high flow period and thus may not be representative of low base-flow conditions. Residence times estimated from plausible ranges of aquifer properties and results of previous age-dating analyses generally corroborate the apparent-age analysis made in the current study and suggests that some residence times could be much longer. The shortest residence times tend to be in the Blue Ridge and northern carbonate areas; however, the data are preliminary and not appropriate for statistical tests of significance or variance. Because the age distributions in the aquifer discharging to the springs are not known, and because the apparent ages of water from the springs are based on various com-binations of CFC criteria, the apparent ages and calculated residence times are compared for illustrative purposes but are considered preliminary until further work is accomplished. ","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri974225","usgsCitation":"Focazio, M.J., Plummer, N., Bohlke, J., Busenberg, E., Bachman, L.J., and Powars, D.S., 1998, Preliminary estimates of residence times and apparent ages of ground water in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, and water-quality data from a survey of springs: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4225, vi, 75 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974225.","productDescription":"vi, 75 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157110,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":1855,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri97-4225/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.0361328125,\n 36.8708321556463\n ],\n [\n -75.531005859375,\n 36.8708321556463\n ],\n [\n -75.531005859375,\n 39.73253798438173\n ],\n [\n -77.0361328125,\n 39.73253798438173\n ],\n [\n -77.0361328125,\n 36.8708321556463\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c471","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Focazio, Michael J. 0000-0003-0967-5576 mfocazio@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0967-5576","contributorId":1276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Focazio","given":"Michael","email":"mfocazio@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":5056,"text":"Office of the AD Energy and Minerals, and Environmental Health","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":38175,"text":"Toxics Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":194806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":194810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bohlke, John K. 0000-0001-5693-6455","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455","contributorId":6894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohlke","given":"John K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Busenberg, Eurybiades ebusenbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busenberg","given":"Eurybiades","email":"ebusenbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":194807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bachman, L. Joseph","contributorId":33304,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bachman","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"Joseph","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Powars, David S. 0000-0002-6787-8964 dspowars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6787-8964","contributorId":1181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powars","given":"David","email":"dspowars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":194805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":24637,"text":"ofr98386 - 1998 - Water-quality data for selected wells in Harrison County, Mississippi, April 1998","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:25","indexId":"ofr98386","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-386","title":"Water-quality data for selected wells in Harrison County, Mississippi, April 1998","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr98386","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Strom, E.W., and Oakley, W.T., 1998, Water-quality data for selected wells in Harrison County, Mississippi, April 1998: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-386, iii, 7 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98386.","productDescription":"iii, 7 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157593,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0386/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53678,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0386/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fac81","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Strom, E. W.","contributorId":90776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strom","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oakley, W. T.","contributorId":76331,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oakley","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":25866,"text":"wri964173 - 1998 - Freshwater resources and saline water near the Sac and Fox Nation tribal lands, eastern Lincoln County, Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:30","indexId":"wri964173","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4173","title":"Freshwater resources and saline water near the Sac and Fox Nation tribal lands, eastern Lincoln County, Oklahoma","docAbstract":"The purpose of this project was to evaluate the freshwater resources and possible sources of high-chloride and high-sulfate concentrations in parts of the aquifer near the Sac and Fox Nation tribal land in eastern Lincoln County, Oklahoma. Water-quality sampling and borehole geophysical data indicate the potential for fresh ground water on tribal land generally is greatest in the Vanoss Formation, in the SE1/4 sec. 21, T. 14 N., R. 06 E. and in the NE1/4 sec. 22, T. 14 N., R. 06 E. These locations avoid the flood-prone areas and borehole geophysical resistivity logs indicate the altitude of the base of fresh ground water is below 650 ft. The altitude of the base of fresh ground water is indicated to be generally near the surface under the W1/2 sec. 22, T. 14 N., R. 06 E., the SE1/4 sec. 22, SE1/4 SE1/4 NE1/4 sec. 21, and NE1/4 NW1/4 NW1/4 sec. 27. \r\n\r\nConditions are more favorable for placement of fresh ground-water wells in sec. 34, T. 14 N., R. 06 E., where the tribe has leased water rights, than on tribal land in secs. 15, 16, 21, and 22, T. 14 N., R. 06 E. Sandstones overlain by or enclosed in thick clay and shale sequences are likely to be somewhat isolated from the flow system and retain some of the residual brine. Borehole geophysical logs suggest that sandstones near CH1, CM1, and WT1 have more clay and shale content than the sandstones near L2. Greater amounts of clay in the sandstones will retard the flushing of residual brines from the sandstones and could result in a shallow base of fresh water near CH1, CM1, and WT1. For these reasons and because circulation of fresh ground water is limited by discharge to the Deep Fork, general water quality under tribal land would probably be poorer than in the area where the tribe has leased water rights. \r\n\r\nSamples have chloride or sulfate concentrations greater than 250 milligrams per liter in the W1/2 sec. 22, T. 14 N., R. 06 E. Six cluster well samples from tribal land have chloride or sulfate concentrations above the suggested maximum contaminant levels set by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. \r\n\r\nWater-quality data indicate there may be more than one source for the salinity in the very saline and briny samples near the tribal land. Two possible sources for chloride and sulfate in water-quality samples are shallow brines and deep oil brines. Probable sources of shallow brines in the study area are: 1) solution of minerals by fresh water moving through the aquifer and 2) residual brines deposited with the sediment. There are no salt or gypsum beds in the Vanoss, Ada, or Vamoosa Formations, but there may be nodules and finely disseminated minerals present in the formations. Residual brines could remain in sand stones and shales that have low hydraulic conductivity and have not been diluted by freshwater recharge. Data suggest both sources have mixed with the fresh ground water from the Vanoss Formation. This is indicated by the relations of the bromide/chloride concentration ratio to chloride concentration, delta deuterium to delta 18oxygen, and by delta 18oxygen to chloride molality relation.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri964173","usgsCitation":"Abbott, M.M., 1998, Freshwater resources and saline water near the Sac and Fox Nation tribal lands, eastern Lincoln County, Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4173, vi, 58 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964173.","productDescription":"vi, 58 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124789,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4173/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54616,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4173/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c7ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Abbott, Marvin M.","contributorId":89106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abbott","given":"Marvin","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":23757,"text":"ofr98409 - 1998 - A Review of Semivolatile and Volatile Organic Compounds in Highway Runoff and Urban Stormwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-08T17:16:14","indexId":"ofr98409","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-409","title":"A Review of Semivolatile and Volatile Organic Compounds in Highway Runoff and Urban Stormwater","docAbstract":"Many studies have been conducted since 1970 to characterize concentrations of semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in highway runoff and urban stormwater. To a lesser extent, studies also have characterized concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), estimated loads of SVOCs, and assessed potential impacts of these contaminants on receiving streams. This review evaluates the quality of existing data on SVOCs and VOCs in highway runoff and urban storm- water and summarizes significant findings. Studies related to highways are emphasized when possible. The review included 44 articles and reports that focused primarily on SVOCs and VOCs. Only 17 of these publications are related to highways, and 5 of these 17 are themselves review papers. SVOCs in urban stormwater and sediments during the late 1970's to mid-1980's were the subject of most studies.\r\n\r\nCriteria used to evaluate data quality included documentation of sampling protocols, analytical methods, minimum reporting limit (MRL) or method detection limit (MDL), qualityassurance protocols, and quality-control samples. The largest deficiency in documenting data quality was that only 10 percent of the studies described where water samples were collected in the stream cross section. About 80 percent of SVOCs in runoff are in the suspended solids. Because suspended solids can vary significantly even in narrow channels, concentrations from discrete point samples and contaminant loads estimated from those samples are questionable without information on sample location or how well streamflow was mixed. Thirty percent or fewer of the studies documented the MRL, MDL, cleaning of samplers, or use of field quality-control samples. Comparing results of different studies and evaluating the quality of environmental data, especially for samples with low concentrations, is difficult without this information.\r\n\r\nThe most significant factor affecting SVOC concentrations in water is suspended solids concentration. In sediment, the most significant factors affecting SVOC concentrations are organic carbon content and distance from sources such as highways and power plants. Petroleum hydrocarbons, oil and grease, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in crankcase oil and vehicle emissions are the major SVOCs detected in highway runoff and urban stormwater.\r\n\r\nThe few loading factors and regression equations that were developed in the 1970's and 1980's have limited use in estimating current (1998) loads of SVOCs on a national scale. These factors and equations are based on few data and use inconsistent units, and some are independent of rainfall. Also, more cars on the road today have catalytic converters, and fuels that were used in 1998 are cleaner than when loading factors and regression equations were developed.\r\n\r\nComparisons to water-quality and sedimentquality criteria and guidelines indicate that PAHs, phenolic compounds, and phthalates in runoff and sediment exceeded U.S. Environmental Protection Agency drinking-water and aquatic-life standards and guidelines. PAHs in stream sediments adjacent to highways have the highest potential for adverse effects on receiving streams. \r\n\r\nFew data exist on VOCs in highway runoff. VOCs were detected in precipitation adjacent to a highway in England, and chloromethane, toluene, xylenes, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, and 1,2,3-trichloropropane were detected in runoff from a highway in Texas. In urban stormwater, gasoline-related compounds were detected in as many as 23 percent of the samples. Land use could be the most significant factor affecting the occurrence of VOCs, with highest concentrations of VOCs found in industrial areas. Temperature is another factor affecting the occurrence and concentrations of VOCs. Urban land surfaces are the primary nonpoint source of VOCs in stormwater. However, the atmosphere is a potential source of hydrophilic VOCs in stormwater, especially during cold seasons when partitioning of VOCs from air into water i","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr98409","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration (A Contribution to the National Highway Runoff Data and Methodology Synthesis)","usgsCitation":"Lopes, T.J., and Dionne, S.G., 1998, A Review of Semivolatile and Volatile Organic Compounds in Highway Runoff and Urban Stormwater: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-409, vi, 67 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98409.","productDescription":"vi, 67 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":377,"text":"Massachusetts-Rhode Island Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":156351,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9563,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/ofr98-409/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd4967e4b0b290850ef221","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lopes, Thomas J. tjlopes@usgs.gov","contributorId":2302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lopes","given":"Thomas","email":"tjlopes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":190662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dionne, Shannon G.","contributorId":19964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dionne","given":"Shannon","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":22448,"text":"ofr98534 - 1998 - Concepts for monitoring water quality in the Spokane River Basin, northern Idaho and eastern Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-11-29T13:26:32","indexId":"ofr98534","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-534","title":"Concepts for monitoring water quality in the Spokane River Basin, northern Idaho and eastern Washington","docAbstract":"Numerous environmental studies have been\nconducted in the Spokane River Basin over the\npast several decades by government agencies,\nacademic institutions, and environmental engineering\nfirms. Most of these efforts have focused\non the environmental effects of more than a century\nof silver, lead, and zinc mining and oreprocessing\nactivities in the South Fork Coeur\nd'Alene River valley in northern Idaho. Several\nstudies also have assessed the water quality and\npotential for eutrophication of Coeur d'Alene and\nLong Lakes and the Coeur d'Alene, St. Joe, and\nSpokane Rivers. Because past investigations often\nwere limited in scope and employed different\napproaches and methods, an integrated understanding\nof hydrologic, water-quality, and\naquatic biological conditions still is lacking for\nthe basin as a whole. Substantial resources are\nbeing spent for water-quality and naturalresource\nmanagement, and for mitigating the\nadverse environmental effects of past mining\nactivities in the basin. A water-quality monitoring\nnetwork, integrated with the decision-making\nprocesses associated with these efforts, could be\nof considerable value. The purpose of such a\nmonitoring network is to produce high-quality\ninformation on which to base sound water-quality\nand natural-resource management decisions\nand to assess the effectiveness of those decisions.\nA streamflow- and water-quality monitoring\ninfrastructure already exists in the Spokane River\nBasin. This infrastructure consists of 20 lake-stage\nand streamflow-gaging stations, representing\nspecific drainages or subdrainages and, in many\ncases, specific stream reaches or subreaches.\nThese gaging stations are operated by the U.S.\nGeological Survey (USGS), several of them in\ncooperation with State and Federal agencies and\na private utility company. Extensive streamflow\ndata are available, some dating from the late\n1800s. Water-quality data are also available from\nrecent USGS cooperative studies in the Coeur\nd'Alene Lake watershed. A nutrient load/lake\nresponse (eutrophication) model has been developed\nfor Coeur d'Alene Lake. Hydraulic models\nfor estimating streamflow through the low-gradient\nreaches of the Coeur d'Alene and St. Joe\nRivers have been developed. Trace-element concentrations\nand distributions in sediments in the\nlower South Fork and main-stem Coeur d'Alene\nRiver flood plain and the bed of Coeur d'Alene\nLake have been assessed. Trace-element transport\nmodels have been developed for the lower\nCoeur d'Alene River system; estimates of annual\nload are available from the early 1990's to the\npresent (1998). The USGS is monitoring traceelement\nconcentrations and transport at seven\ngaging stations in the lower Coeur d'Alene River\nsystem and upper Spokane River, in cooperation\nwith the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Fish and macroinvertebrate community assessment\nand tissue contaminant analyses at four\nCoeur d'Alene and St. Joe River gaging stations\nwill begin in 1998, either as part of the Idaho Surface-\nWater Quality Ambient Monitoring Network\noperated by USGS in cooperation with the Idaho\nDivision of Environmental Quality, or for the\nNorthern Rockies Intermontane Basins (NROK)\nstudy of the USGS National Water-Quality\nAssessment (NAWQA) Program. Several gaging\nstations in the Spokane River Basin are being considered\nfor routine sampling sites for the NROK\nNAWQA study. Several other sites also will be\nsampled for contaminants in bed sediment and\nfish tissue for the NROK study.\nCombined with appropriate sampling and\ndata interpretation strategies, the existing USGS\ngaging-station network and data base could provide\nintegrated water-quality information needed\nfor sound environmental and resource-management\ndecisions throughout the Spokane River\nBasin.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr98534","isbn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Beckwith, M., 1998, Concepts for monitoring water quality in the Spokane River Basin, northern Idaho and eastern Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-534, iv, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98534.","productDescription":"iv, 25 p.","numberOfPages":"31","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155036,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0534/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51977,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0534/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho;Washington","otherGeospatial":"Couer D'alene River;Long Lake;St. Joe River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118.429262,46.792472 ], [ -118.429262,48.100301 ], [ -114.927162,48.100301 ], [ -114.927162,46.792472 ], [ -118.429262,46.792472 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db63602e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beckwith, M.A.","contributorId":79503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beckwith","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":22730,"text":"ofr97625 - 1998 - Water-quality data for 90 community water supply wells in New Jersey, 1994-95","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:08","indexId":"ofr97625","displayToPublicDate":"1999-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-625","title":"Water-quality data for 90 community water supply wells in New Jersey, 1994-95","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr97625","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Clawges, R., Oden, T., and Vowinkel, E., 1998, Water-quality data for 90 community water supply wells in New Jersey, 1994-95: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-625, iv, 31 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97625.","productDescription":"iv, 31 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156638,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0625/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52178,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0625/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fad2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clawges, R.M.","contributorId":24779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clawges","given":"R.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oden, T.D.","contributorId":44413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oden","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vowinkel, E. F.","contributorId":90737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vowinkel","given":"E. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":22755,"text":"ofr98267 - 1998 - Hydrogeological data collected from a test well in Barceloneta, Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:05","indexId":"ofr98267","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-267","title":"Hydrogeological data collected from a test well in Barceloneta, Puerto Rico","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr98267","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Conde-Costas, C., 1998, Hydrogeological data collected from a test well in Barceloneta, Puerto Rico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-267, iv, 13 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98267.","productDescription":"iv, 13 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155635,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0267/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52192,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0267/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4de4b07f02db627862","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conde-Costas, Carlos","contributorId":10768,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conde-Costas","given":"Carlos","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":188820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":25557,"text":"wri974234 - 1998 - Ground-water quality in three urban areas in the Coastal Plain of the southeastern United States, 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-08T14:21:21.243088","indexId":"wri974234","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4234","title":"Ground-water quality in three urban areas in the Coastal Plain of the southeastern United States, 1995","docAbstract":"Ground-water quality is generally good in three urban areas studied in the Coastal Plain of the southeastern United States涌cala and Tampa, Florida, and Virginia Beach, Virginia. The hydrology of these areas differs in that Ocala has many karst depressions but virtually no surface-water features, and Tampa and Virginia Beach have numerous surface-water features, including small lakes, streams, and swamps. Samples were collected in early 1995 from 15 wells in Ocala (8 in the surficial aquifer and 7 in the Upper Floridan aquifer), 17 wells in Tampa (8 in the surficial aquifer and 9 in the Upper Floridan aquifer), and in the summer of 1995 from 15 wells in Virginia Beach (all in the surficial aquifer).
In the surficial aquifer in Ocala, the major ion water type was calcium bicarbonate in five samples and mixed (no dominant ions) in three samples, with dissolved-solids concentrations ranging from 78 to 463 milligrams per liter. In Tampa, the water type was calcium bicarbonate in one sample and mixed in seven samples, with dissolved-solids concentrations ranging from 38 to 397 milligrams per liter. In Virginia Beach, water types were primarily calcium and sodium bicarbonate water, with dissolved-solids concentrations ranging from 89 to 740 milligrams per liter. The water types and dissolved-solids concentrations reflect the presence of carbonates in the surficial aquifer materials in the Ocala and Virginia Beach areas. The major ion water type was calcium bicarbonate for all 16 samples from the upper Floridan aquifer in both Florida cities. Dissolved-solids concentrations ranged from 210 to 551 milligrams per liter in Ocala, with a median of 287 milligrams per liter, and from 187 to 362 milligrams per liter in Tampa, with a median of 244 milligrams per liter.
Concentrations of nitrate nitrogen were highest in the surficial aquifer in Ocala, and one sample ex-ceeded 10 milligrams per liter, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level for drinking water. Median nitrate concentrations were 1.2 milligrams per liter in Ocala and only 0.06 and 0.05 milligram per liter in Tampa and Virginia Beach, respectively. In Florida, some background water-quality data were available for comparison. The median nitrate concentration in Ocala was much higher than the median nitrate concentration of 0.05 milligram per liter in the background data. Median nitrate concentrations were 0.33 and 0.05 milligram per liter in samples from the Upper Floridan aquifer in Ocala and Tampa, respectively, and 0.05 milligram per liter in background samples.
Of the 47 pesticides and 60 volatile organic compounds analyzed, only five pesticides and five volatile organic compounds were detected. The most commonly detected pesticide was prometon, a broad-scale herbicide, detected in samples from eight wells in Ocala (at concentrations ranging from 0.009 to 1.8 micrograms per liter), three wells in Virginia Beach (at concentrations ranging from 0.19 to 10 micrograms per liter), and from one well in Tampa (0.01 microgram per liter). The most commonly detected volatile organic compound was chloroform, which was d etected four times at concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 2.2 micrograms per liter in Ocala and Tampa. Seven volatile organic compounds were detected in one sample in Virginia Beach; most were compounds associated with petroleum and coal tar.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri974234","usgsCitation":"Berndt, M.P., Galeone, D., Spruill, T., and Crandall, C.A., 1998, Ground-water quality in three urban areas in the Coastal Plain of the southeastern United States, 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4234, iii, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974234.","productDescription":"iii, 25 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":125075,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_97_4234.jpg"},{"id":1906,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri974234","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":465855,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48839.htm","text":"Ocala, Florida","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":465856,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48840.htm","text":"Tampa, Florida","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":465857,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48841.htm","text":"Virginia Beach, Virginia","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8ee4b07f02db6548fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berndt, M. P.","contributorId":74761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berndt","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Galeone, D.R.","contributorId":47410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galeone","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spruill, T.B.","contributorId":76747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spruill","given":"T.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crandall, C. A.","contributorId":93943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crandall","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":53945,"text":"ofr98414 - 1998 - Digital map of specific yield for the High Plains Aquifer in parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:45","indexId":"ofr98414","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-414","title":"Digital map of specific yield for the High Plains Aquifer in parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming","docAbstract":"This digital data set consists of specific yield percentage contours and polygons for the High Plains aquifer in the central United States. The High Plains aquifer extends from south of 32 degrees to almost 44 degrees north latitude and from 96 degrees 30 minutes to almost 106 degrees west longitude. The outcrop area covers 174,000 square miles and is present in Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, South Dakota, and Wyoming.\r\nThis digital data set was created by digitizing the specific yield percentage contours from a 1:1,000,000 base map created by the U.S. Geological Survey High Plains Regional Aquifer-System Analysis (RASA) project (Gutentag, E.D., Heimes, F.J., Krothe, N.C., Luckey, R.R., and Weeks, J.B., 1984, Geohydrology of the High Plains aquifer in parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1400-B, 63 p.) The data should not be used at scales larger than 1:1,000,000.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr98414","usgsCitation":"Cederstrand, J., and Becker, M., 1998, Digital map of specific yield for the High Plains Aquifer in parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-414, One 3 1/2 inch DS/HD IBM compatible computer diskette. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98414.","productDescription":"One 3 1/2 inch DS/HD IBM compatible computer diskette. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":174608,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":4859,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr98-414","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65ac5f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cederstrand, J. R.","contributorId":91523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cederstrand","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Becker, M.F.","contributorId":103708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Becker","given":"M.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":21886,"text":"ofr98440 - 1998 - Implementation of the century ecosystem model for an eroding hillslope in Mississippi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:44","indexId":"ofr98440","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-440","title":"Implementation of the century ecosystem model for an eroding hillslope in Mississippi","docAbstract":"The objective of this study was to parameterize and implement the Century ecosystem model for an eroding, cultivated site near Senatobia, in Panola County, Mississippi, in order to understand the loss and replacement of soil organic carbon on an eroding cropland. The sites chosen for this study are located on highly eroded loess soils where USDA has conducted studies on rates of soil erosion. We used USDA sediment data from the study site and historical erosion estimates from the nearby area as model input for soil loss; in addition, inputs for parametization include particle-size data, climate data, and rainfall/runoff data that were collected and reported in companion papers. A cropping scenario was implemented to simulate a research site at the USDA watershed 2 at the Nelson Farm. Model output was compiled for comparison with data collected and reported in companion reports; interpretive comparisons are reported in Harden et al, in press.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr98440","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Sharpe, J., Harden, J.W., Dabney, S.M., Ojima, D., and Parton, W., 1998, Implementation of the century ecosystem model for an eroding hillslope in Mississippi: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-440, 42 p. :ill. (some col.); 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98440.","productDescription":"42 p. :ill. (some col.); 28 cm.","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153063,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9135,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/of98-440/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fee4b07f02db5f7398","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sharpe, Jodie","contributorId":18796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharpe","given":"Jodie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harden, Jennifer W. 0000-0002-6570-8259 jharden@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-8259","contributorId":1971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harden","given":"Jennifer","email":"jharden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":186114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dabney, Seth M.","contributorId":31418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dabney","given":"Seth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ojima, Dennis","contributorId":36166,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ojima","given":"Dennis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Parton, William","contributorId":75175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parton","given":"William","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":186118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":24325,"text":"ofr98385 - 1998 - Hydrologic and water-quality data for the lower Bradley River, Alaska, November through April 1995-98","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:18","indexId":"ofr98385","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-385","title":"Hydrologic and water-quality data for the lower Bradley River, Alaska, November through April 1995-98","docAbstract":"A dam constructed at the outlet of Bradley Lake near Homer, Alaska has blocked natural flows to the lower Bradley River. To protect salmon egg incubation habitat during the period of November 2 to April 30, a fish-water bypass was incorporated into the design of the dam to ensure a minimum discharge of 40 cubic feet per second in the lower river. This minimum flow determination was based on an open-water instream flow study that did not take into account effects of ice formation. A study was begun in March 1993 to determine winter flow conditions in the lower Bradley River. As a part of this study, data were collected at sites in the lower Bradley River to measure discharge, wetted perimeter, water depth, flow velocity, and specific conductance, as well as temperature and dissolved oxygen from both surface water and intragravel water. This report presents data collected between November 1995 and April 1998.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr98385","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Rickman, R.L., 1998, Hydrologic and water-quality data for the lower Bradley River, Alaska, November through April 1995-98: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-385, iv, 38 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 12 illus.; 2 plates; 2 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98385.","productDescription":"iv, 38 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 12 illus.; 2 plates; 2 tables","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157414,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0385/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53431,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0385/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db6116ea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rickman, Ronlad L.","contributorId":101284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rickman","given":"Ronlad","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":24279,"text":"ofr98408 - 1998 - Water-level data for the Albuquerque Basin, central New Mexico, period of record through 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:00","indexId":"ofr98408","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-408","title":"Water-level data for the Albuquerque Basin, central New Mexico, period of record through 1997","docAbstract":"The Albuquerque Basin, located in central New Mexico, is about \r\n100 miles long and 25 to 40 miles wide. The basin is defined as the \r\nextent of Cenozoic deposits that encompass the structural Rio Grande \r\nRift within the basin. Drinking-water supplies throughout the \r\nAlbuquerque Basin are obtained solely from ground-water resources. \r\nThe population of the basin grew from 419,000 in 1980 to 563,600 in \r\n1990, a 34-percent increase, and resulted in increases in water \r\ndemand and ground-water pumpage. Between April 1982 and September \r\n1983, a network of wells was established to monitor changes in ground- \r\nwater levels throughout the Albuquerque Basin. Water-level data were\r\ncollected at 85 wells and piezometers for the period of record through 1997. \r\nWater-level data currently (1997) are collected annually at sites 11 and \r\n53-57; semiannually at sites 1-10, 75, and 82; quarterly at sites \r\n12-52, 64-74, 76, 77, 79-81, 84, and 85; monthly at sites 58-60, 78, \r\nand 83; and hourly at sites 61-63.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr98408","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Rankin, D., 1998, Water-level data for the Albuquerque Basin, central New Mexico, period of record through 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-408, iv, 28 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98408.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155040,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0408/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53400,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0408/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fda38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rankin, D.R.","contributorId":28991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rankin","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":21731,"text":"ofr98341 - 1998 - Digital data from the Isleta-Kirtland aeromagnetic survey, collected south of Albuquerque, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:50","indexId":"ofr98341","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-341","title":"Digital data from the Isleta-Kirtland aeromagnetic survey, collected south of Albuquerque, New Mexico","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept.of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr98341","issn":"0566-8174","isbn":"0607901942","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, and Sander Geophysical, L., 1998, Digital data from the Isleta-Kirtland aeromagnetic survey, collected south of Albuquerque, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-341, 1 computer laser optical disc :col. ill., col. maps ;4 3/4 in., in plastic box (13 x 15 x 1 cm.), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98341.","productDescription":"1 computer laser optical disc :col. ill., col. maps ;4 3/4 in., in plastic box (13 x 15 x 1 cm.)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153676,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b465d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sander Geophysical, Ltd.","contributorId":66721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sander Geophysical","given":"Ltd.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5581,"text":"fs08698 - 1998 - Laboratory method for analysis of small concentrations of methyl tert-butyl rther and other ether gasoline oxygenates in water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-05-28T17:01:18.081718","indexId":"fs08698","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"086-98","title":"Laboratory method for analysis of small concentrations of methyl tert-butyl rther and other ether gasoline oxygenates in water","docAbstract":"This Fact Sheet presents data for analysis of nanogram-per-liter concentrations of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and three other ether gasoline oxygenates, including methyl tert-pentyl ether (TAME), diisopropyl ether (DIPE), and ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE), by purge- and-trap capillary-column gas chromatography. Long-term method detection levels (LT-MDLs) for MTBE, TAME, DIPE, and ETBE ranged from 15 to 83 nanograms per liter (0.015 to 0.083 microgram per liter). Nanogram-per-liter-concentration detections are reported if all of the identification criteria are met, whereas previous methods censored detections at a pre-determined method reporting level. The reporting level for this method is defined as two times the LT-MDL, does not censor detections at less than this concentration, and is referred to as the nondetection value (NDV). Bias and variability data from multiple analyses, analysts, and instruments over a 60-day period show the oxygenate recoveries ranging from 100 to 109 percent, with 6 to 8 percent relative standard deviation. MTBE, TAME, DIPE, and ETBE were not detected in the analysis of 225 laboratory reagent blanks from January to December 1997. A preservation study in ground water and surface water indicates that all the oxygenates are stable at pH 2 for up to 216 days, with recoveries ranging from 94 to 115 percent on day 216, and relative standard deviations ranging from 5 to 9 percent for the duration of the study.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs08698","usgsCitation":"Rose, D.L., Connor, B.F., Abney, S.R., and Raese, J.W., 1998, Laboratory method for analysis of small concentrations of methyl tert-butyl rther and other ether gasoline oxygenates in water: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 086-98, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs08698.","productDescription":"6 p.","costCenters":[{"id":452,"text":"National Water Quality Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124448,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0086/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":11565,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://nwql.usgs.gov/Public/FS-086-98.shtml","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":32104,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0086/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b1483","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rose, Donna L. 0000-0003-1216-9914 dlrose@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1216-9914","contributorId":4546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rose","given":"Donna","email":"dlrose@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5046,"text":"Branch of Analytical Serv (NWQL)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":151235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Connor, Brooke F. bfconnor@usgs.gov","contributorId":3172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Connor","given":"Brooke","email":"bfconnor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":151234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Abney, Sonja R.","contributorId":62992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abney","given":"Sonja","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":151236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Raese, Jon W. jwraese@usgs.gov","contributorId":183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raese","given":"Jon","email":"jwraese@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":151233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":248,"text":"wsp2499 - 1998 - Summary of floods in the United States, January 1992 through September 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-24T19:33:17.207701","indexId":"wsp2499","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2499","title":"Summary of floods in the United States, January 1992 through September 1993","docAbstract":"This volume contains a summary of the flooding in the upper Mississippi River Basin during the spring and summer of 1993 and 36 articles describing severe, widespread, or unusual flooding in the United States from January 1, 1992, to the end of the 1993 water year, September 30, 1993. Each flood is described to an extent commensurate with its significance and the availability of data on the hydrology and the damages. Each article includes one or more maps showing the general area of flooding and the sites for which data are presented. Most articles include tables of data that allow the reader to compare the described flood with past floods at selected flood-determination sites. The articles generally do not attempt to analyze the floods or draw definitive conclusions, except for a few cases in which the author had sufficient information for an analysis to be made.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wsp2499","usgsCitation":"1998, Summary of floods in the United States, January 1992 through September 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2499, x, 286 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2499.","productDescription":"x, 286 p.","numberOfPages":"300","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":424803,"rank":39,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25258.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1993 - September 22-26, 1993, in northwestern and central Missouri","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424802,"rank":38,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25257.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1993 - May-September 1993, in southeastern Kansas","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424801,"rank":37,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25256.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1993 - May 8-14 and September 25-27, 1993, in Oklahoma","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424800,"rank":36,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25255.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1993 - March 8-12, 1993, in east-central Nebraska","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424799,"rank":35,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25254.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1993 - March 1993, in Virginia","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424798,"rank":34,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25253.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1993 - June 8-9, 1993, in northern Indiana, and August 17, 1993, in west-central Indiana","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424797,"rank":33,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25252.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1993 - June 7-9, 1993, in northeastern Illinois","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424796,"rank":32,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25251.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1993 - July and August 1993, in eastern and south-central North Dakota","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424795,"rank":31,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25250.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1993 - July 13-17, 1993, in central Mississippi","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424794,"rank":30,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25249.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1993 - January-March, July, and August 1993, in New Mexico","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424793,"rank":29,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25248.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1993 - January and February 1993, in southern California","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424792,"rank":28,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25247.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1993 - January and February 1993, in Arizona","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424791,"rank":27,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25246.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1993 - January 8-21, 1993, in southeastern Georgia","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424790,"rank":26,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25245.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1993 - January 21-23, 1993, in southeastern Louisiana","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424789,"rank":25,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25244.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1993 - January 20-23, 1993, in southern Mississippi","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424788,"rank":24,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25243.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1993 - August 31, 1993, storm surge and flood of Hurricane Emily on Hatteras Island, North Carolina","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424786,"rank":22,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25241.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1993 - April 1993, in New York","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424785,"rank":21,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25240.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1992 - September 5-6, 1992, on Cat Point Creek, eastern Virginia","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424784,"rank":20,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25239.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1992 - September 1992, in south-central Iowa","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424783,"rank":19,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25238.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1992 - September 10, 1992, Swain County, North Carolina","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424782,"rank":18,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25237.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1992 - October 9-10, 1992, in South Carolina","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424781,"rank":17,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25236.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1992 - May-August 1992, in Alaska","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424780,"rank":16,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25235.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1992 - March 11, 1992, ice-jam flood in Montpelier, Vermont","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424779,"rank":15,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25234.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1992 - June 1992, in western Virginia","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424778,"rank":14,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25233.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1992 - June 18, 1992, in central Kentucky","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424777,"rank":13,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25232.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1992 - June 14-15, 1992, along the North Fork Powder River below Pass Creek, near Mayoworth, Wyoming","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424776,"rank":12,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25231.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1992 - July 25 - August 2, 1992, in southeastern Nebraska","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424775,"rank":11,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25230.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1992 - July 1992, in eastern Kansas"},{"id":424774,"rank":10,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25229.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1992 - July 1992, in central and western Ohio","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424773,"rank":9,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25228.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1992 - January 5-6, 1992, in Puerto Rico","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424772,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25227.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1992 - January 5-6, 1992, in Puerto Rico","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424771,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25226.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1992 - December 30, 1992 - January 15, 1993, in northern Indiana","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424770,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25225.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1992 - December 11-12, 1992, in New Jersey","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424769,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25224.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1992 - August 8, 1992, in southeastern and south-central Indiana","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424768,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25223.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1992 - April 1992, in central and southwestern Virginia","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":420990,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25220.htm","text":"Floods of the upper Mississippi River Basin, spring and summer 1993: flood discharges, gage heights, and recurrence intervals in the upper Mississippi River Basin by state","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":424787,"rank":23,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25242.htm","text":"Summary of floods of 1993 - August 12, 1993, in eastern Illinois","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":136592,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2499/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":24855,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2499/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-66.28243,18.51476],[-65.7713,18.42668],[-65.591,18.22803],[-65.84716,17.97591],[-66.59993,17.98182],[-67.18416,17.94655],[-67.24243,18.37446],[-67.10068,18.5206],[-66.28243,18.51476]]],[[[-155.54211,19.08348],[-155.68817,18.91619],[-155.93665,19.05939],[-155.90806,19.33888],[-156.07347,19.70294],[-156.02368,19.81422],[-155.85008,19.97729],[-155.91907,20.17395],[-155.86108,20.26721],[-155.78505,20.2487],[-155.40214,20.07975],[-155.22452,19.99302],[-155.06226,19.8591],[-154.80741,19.50871],[-154.83147,19.45328],[-155.22217,19.23972],[-155.54211,19.08348]]],[[[-156.07926,20.64397],[-156.41445,20.57241],[-156.58673,20.783],[-156.70167,20.8643],[-156.71055,20.92676],[-156.61258,21.01249],[-156.25711,20.91745],[-155.99566,20.76404],[-156.07926,20.64397]]],[[[-156.75824,21.17684],[-156.78933,21.06873],[-157.32521,21.09777],[-157.25027,21.21958],[-156.75824,21.17684]]],[[[-157.65283,21.32217],[-157.70703,21.26442],[-157.7786,21.27729],[-158.12667,21.31244],[-158.2538,21.53919],[-158.29265,21.57912],[-158.0252,21.71696],[-157.94161,21.65272],[-157.65283,21.32217]]],[[[-159.34512,21.982],[-159.46372,21.88299],[-159.80051,22.06533],[-159.74877,22.1382],[-159.5962,22.23618],[-159.36569,22.21494],[-159.34512,21.982]]],[[[-94.81758,49.38905],[-94.64,48.84],[-94.32914,48.67074],[-93.63087,48.60926],[-92.61,48.45],[-91.64,48.14],[-90.83,48.27],[-89.6,48.01],[-89.27292,48.01981],[-88.37811,48.30292],[-87.43979,47.94],[-86.46199,47.55334],[-85.65236,47.22022],[-84.87608,46.90008],[-84.77924,46.6371],[-84.54375,46.53868],[-84.6049,46.4396],[-84.3367,46.40877],[-84.14212,46.51223],[-84.09185,46.27542],[-83.89077,46.11693],[-83.61613,46.11693],[-83.46955,45.99469],[-83.59285,45.81689],[-82.55092,45.34752],[-82.33776,44.44],[-82.13764,43.57109],[-82.43,42.98],[-82.9,42.43],[-83.12,42.08],[-83.142,41.97568],[-83.02981,41.8328],[-82.69009,41.67511],[-82.43928,41.67511],[-81.27775,42.20903],[-80.24745,42.3662],[-78.93936,42.86361],[-78.92,42.965],[-79.01,43.27],[-79.17167,43.46634],[-78.72028,43.62509],[-77.73789,43.62906],[-76.82003,43.62878],[-76.5,44.01846],[-76.375,44.09631],[-75.31821,44.81645],[-74.867,45.00048],[-73.34783,45.00738],[-71.50506,45.0082],[-71.405,45.255],[-71.08482,45.30524],[-70.66,45.46],[-70.305,45.915],[-69.99997,46.69307],[-69.23722,47.44778],[-68.905,47.185],[-68.23444,47.35486],[-67.79046,47.06636],[-67.79134,45.70281],[-67.13741,45.13753],[-66.96466,44.8097],[-68.03252,44.3252],[-69.06,43.98],[-70.11617,43.68405],[-70.64548,43.09024],[-70.81489,42.8653],[-70.825,42.335],[-70.495,41.805],[-70.08,41.78],[-70.185,42.145],[-69.88497,41.92283],[-69.96503,41.63717],[-70.64,41.475],[-71.12039,41.49445],[-71.86,41.32],[-72.295,41.27],[-72.87643,41.22065],[-73.71,40.9311],[-72.24126,41.11948],[-71.945,40.93],[-73.345,40.63],[-73.982,40.628],[-73.95232,40.75075],[-74.25671,40.47351],[-73.96244,40.42763],[-74.17838,39.70926],[-74.90604,38.93954],[-74.98041,39.1964],[-75.20002,39.24845],[-75.52805,39.4985],[-75.32,38.96],[-75.07183,38.78203],[-75.05673,38.40412],[-75.37747,38.01551],[-75.94023,37.21689],[-76.03127,37.2566],[-75.72205,37.93705],[-76.23287,38.31921],[-76.35,39.15],[-76.54272,38.71762],[-76.32933,38.08326],[-76.99,38.23999],[-76.30162,37.91794],[-76.25874,36.9664],[-75.9718,36.89726],[-75.86804,36.55125],[-75.72749,35.55074],[-76.36318,34.80854],[-77.39763,34.51201],[-78.05496,33.92547],[-78.55435,33.86133],[-79.06067,33.49395],[-79.20357,33.15839],[-80.30132,32.50935],[-80.86498,32.0333],[-81.33629,31.44049],[-81.49042,30.72999],[-81.31371,30.03552],[-80.98,29.18],[-80.53558,28.47213],[-80.53,28.04],[-80.05654,26.88],[-80.08801,26.20576],[-80.13156,25.81677],[-80.38103,25.20616],[-80.68,25.08],[-81.17213,25.20126],[-81.33,25.64],[-81.71,25.87],[-82.24,26.73],[-82.70515,27.49504],[-82.85526,27.88624],[-82.65,28.55],[-82.93,29.1],[-83.70959,29.93656],[-84.1,30.09],[-85.10882,29.63615],[-85.28784,29.68612],[-85.7731,30.15261],[-86.4,30.4],[-87.53036,30.27433],[-88.41782,30.3849],[-89.18049,30.31598],[-89.59383,30.15999],[-89.41373,29.89419],[-89.43,29.48864],[-89.21767,29.29108],[-89.40823,29.15961],[-89.77928,29.30714],[-90.15463,29.11743],[-90.88022,29.14854],[-91.62678,29.677],[-92.49906,29.5523],[-93.22637,29.78375],[-93.84842,29.71363],[-94.69,29.48],[-95.60026,28.73863],[-96.59404,28.30748],[-97.14,27.83],[-97.37,27.38],[-97.38,26.69],[-97.33,26.21],[-97.14,25.87],[-97.53,25.84],[-98.24,26.06],[-99.02,26.37],[-99.3,26.84],[-99.52,27.54],[-100.11,28.11],[-100.45584,28.69612],[-100.9576,29.38071],[-101.6624,29.7793],[-102.48,29.76],[-103.11,28.97],[-103.94,29.27],[-104.45697,29.57196],[-104.70575,30.12173],[-105.03737,30.64402],[-105.63159,31.08383],[-106.1429,31.39995],[-106.50759,31.75452],[-108.24,31.75485],[-108.24194,31.34222],[-109.035,31.34194],[-111.02361,31.33472],[-113.30498,32.03914],[-114.815,32.52528],[-114.72139,32.72083],[-115.99135,32.61239],[-117.12776,32.53534],[-117.29594,33.04622],[-117.944,33.62124],[-118.4106,33.74091],[-118.51989,34.02778],[-119.081,34.078],[-119.43884,34.34848],[-120.36778,34.44711],[-120.62286,34.60855],[-120.74433,35.15686],[-121.71457,36.16153],[-122.54747,37.55176],[-122.51201,37.78339],[-122.95319,38.11371],[-123.7272,38.95166],[-123.86517,39.76699],[-124.39807,40.3132],[-124.17886,41.14202],[-124.2137,41.99964],[-124.53284,42.76599],[-124.14214,43.70838],[-124.02053,44.6159],[-123.89893,45.52341],[-124.07963,46.86475],[-124.39567,47.72017],[-124.68721,48.18443],[-124.5661,48.37971],[-123.12,48.04],[-122.58736,47.096],[-122.34,47.36],[-122.5,48.18],[-122.84,49],[-120,49],[-117.03121,49],[-116.04818,49],[-113,49],[-110.05,49],[-107.05,49],[-104.04826,48.99986],[-100.65,49],[-97.22872,49.0007],[-95.15907,49],[-95.15609,49.38425],[-94.81758,49.38905]]],[[[-153.00631,57.11584],[-154.00509,56.73468],[-154.5164,56.99275],[-154.67099,57.4612],[-153.76278,57.81657],[-153.22873,57.96897],[-152.56479,57.90143],[-152.14115,57.59106],[-153.00631,57.11584]]],[[[-165.57916,59.90999],[-166.19277,59.75444],[-166.84834,59.94141],[-167.45528,60.21307],[-166.46779,60.38417],[-165.67443,60.29361],[-165.57916,59.90999]]],[[[-171.73166,63.78252],[-171.11443,63.59219],[-170.49111,63.69498],[-169.68251,63.43112],[-168.68944,63.29751],[-168.77194,63.1886],[-169.52944,62.97693],[-170.29056,63.19444],[-170.67139,63.37582],[-171.55306,63.31779],[-171.79111,63.40585],[-171.73166,63.78252]]],[[[-155.06779,71.14778],[-154.34417,70.69641],[-153.90001,70.88999],[-152.21001,70.82999],[-152.27,70.60001],[-150.73999,70.43002],[-149.72,70.53001],[-147.61336,70.21403],[-145.68999,70.12001],[-144.92001,69.98999],[-143.58945,70.15251],[-142.07251,69.85194],[-140.98599,69.712],[-140.9925,66.00003],[-140.99777,60.3064],[-140.013,60.27684],[-139.039,60.00001],[-138.34089,59.56211],[-137.4525,58.905],[-136.47972,59.46389],[-135.47583,59.78778],[-134.945,59.27056],[-134.27111,58.86111],[-133.35555,58.41029],[-132.73042,57.69289],[-131.70781,56.55212],[-130.00778,55.91583],[-129.97999,55.285],[-130.53611,54.80275],[-131.08582,55.17891],[-131.96721,55.49778],[-132.25001,56.37],[-133.53918,57.17889],[-134.07806,58.12307],[-135.03821,58.18771],[-136.62806,58.21221],[-137.80001,58.5],[-139.86779,59.53776],[-140.82527,59.72752],[-142.57444,60.08445],[-143.95888,59.99918],[-145.92556,60.45861],[-147.11437,60.88466],[-148.22431,60.67299],[-148.01807,59.97833],[-148.57082,59.91417],[-149.72786,59.70566],[-150.60824,59.36821],[-151.71639,59.15582],[-151.85943,59.74498],[-151.40972,60.7258],[-150.34694,61.03359],[-150.62111,61.28442],[-151.89584,60.7272],[-152.57833,60.06166],[-154.01917,59.35028],[-153.28751,58.86473],[-154.23249,58.14637],[-155.30749,57.72779],[-156.30833,57.42277],[-156.5561,56.97998],[-158.11722,56.46361],[-158.43332,55.99415],[-159.60333,55.56669],[-160.28972,55.64358],[-161.22305,55.36473],[-162.23777,55.02419],[-163.06945,54.68974],[-164.78557,54.40417],[-164.94223,54.57222],[-163.84834,55.03943],[-162.87,55.34804],[-161.80417,55.89499],[-160.5636,56.00805],[-160.07056,56.41806],[-158.68444,57.01668],[-158.4611,57.21692],[-157.72277,57.57],[-157.55027,58.32833],[-157.04167,58.91888],[-158.19473,58.6158],[-158.51722,58.78778],[-159.05861,58.42419],[-159.71167,58.93139],[-159.98129,58.57255],[-160.35527,59.07112],[-161.355,58.67084],[-161.96889,58.67166],[-162.05499,59.26693],[-161.87417,59.63362],[-162.51806,59.98972],[-163.81834,59.79806],[-164.66222,60.26748],[-165.34639,60.5075],[-165.35083,61.0739],[-166.12138,61.50002],[-165.73445,62.075],[-164.91918,62.63308],[-164.56251,63.14638],[-163.75333,63.21945],[-163.06722,63.05946],[-162.26056,63.54194],[-161.53445,63.45582],[-160.77251,63.76611],[-160.95834,64.2228],[-161.51807,64.40279],[-160.77778,64.7886],[-161.39193,64.77724],[-162.45305,64.55944],[-162.75779,64.33861],[-163.54639,64.55916],[-164.96083,64.44695],[-166.42529,64.68667],[-166.845,65.0889],[-168.11056,65.67],[-166.70527,66.08832],[-164.47471,66.57666],[-163.65251,66.57666],[-163.7886,66.07721],[-161.67777,66.11612],[-162.48971,66.73557],[-163.71972,67.11639],[-164.43099,67.61634],[-165.39029,68.04277],[-166.76444,68.35888],[-166.20471,68.88303],[-164.43081,68.91554],[-163.16861,69.37111],[-162.93057,69.85806],[-161.9089,70.33333],[-160.9348,70.44769],[-159.03918,70.89164],[-158.11972,70.82472],[-156.58082,71.35776],[-155.06779,71.14778]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"United States\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b04e4b07f02db699291","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Perry, Charles A. cperry@usgs.gov","contributorId":2093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Charles","email":"cperry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":623204,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Combs, L. J.","contributorId":25133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Combs","given":"L. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":623205,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":21740,"text":"ofr98357 - 1998 - Digital Geologic Map of the Rosalia 1:100,000 Quadrangle, Washington and Idaho: A Digital Database for the 1990 S.Z. Waggoner Map","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:07","indexId":"ofr98357","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-357","title":"Digital Geologic Map of the Rosalia 1:100,000 Quadrangle, Washington and Idaho: A Digital Database for the 1990 S.Z. Waggoner Map","docAbstract":"The geologic map of the Rosalia 1:100,000-scale quadrangle was compiled in 1990 by S.Z. Waggoner of the Washington state Division of Geology and Earth Resources. This data was entered into a geographic information system (GIS) as part of a larger effort to create regional digital geology for the Pacific Northwest. The intent was to provide a digital geospatial database for a previously published black and white paper geologic map. This database can be queried in many ways to produce a variety of geologic maps. Digital base map data files are not included: they may be obtained from a variety of commercial and government sources. This database is not meant to be used or displayed at any scale larger than 1:100,000 (e.g., 1:62,500 or 1:24,000) as it has been somewhat generalized to fit the 1:100,000 scale map. \r\n\r\nThe map area is located in eastern Washington and extends across the state border into western Idaho. This open-file report describes the methods used to convert the geologic map data into a digital format, documents the file structures, and explains how to download the digital files from the U.S. Geological Survey public access World Wide Web site on the Internet. \r\n\r\nWe wish to thank J. Eric Schuster of the Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources for providing the original stable-base mylar and the funding for it to be scanned. We also thank Dick Blank and Barry Moring of the U.S. Geological Survey for reviewing the manuscript and digital files, respectively.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr98357","issn":"0566-8174","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Spokane County Public Works, Utilities Department, and the Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources","usgsCitation":"Derkey, P., Johnson, B.R., Lackaff, B.B., and Derkey, R.E., 1998, Digital Geologic Map of the Rosalia 1:100,000 Quadrangle, Washington and Idaho: A Digital Database for the 1990 S.Z. Waggoner Map: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-357, Report: ii, 27 p.; ReadMe; Datasets; Text/AML Files; GIS Files; Maps, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98357.","productDescription":"Report: ii, 27 p.; ReadMe; Datasets; Text/AML Files; GIS Files; Maps","costCenters":[{"id":667,"text":"Western Region Geologic Information","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":154139,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":11856,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/of98-357/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"100000","projection":"Universal Transverse Mercator","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -118,47 ], [ -118,47.5 ], [ -117,47.5 ], [ -117,47 ], [ -118,47 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b45e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Derkey, Pamela D.","contributorId":69590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derkey","given":"Pamela D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Bruce R.","contributorId":100009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lackaff, Beatrice B.","contributorId":68340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lackaff","given":"Beatrice","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Derkey, Robert E.","contributorId":58669,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derkey","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":22192,"text":"ofr98462 - 1998 - Sulfur dioxide emission rates of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, 1979-1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-21T19:57:40.450219","indexId":"ofr98462","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-462","title":"Sulfur dioxide emission rates of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, 1979-1997","docAbstract":"Sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission rates from Kilauea Volcano were first measured by Stoiber and Malone (1975) and have been measured on a regular basis since 1979 (Casadevall and others, 1987; Greenland and others, 1985; Elias and others, 1993; Elias and Sutton, 1996). The purpose of this report is to present a compilation of Kilauea SO2 emission rate data from 1979 through 1997 with ancillary meteorological data (wind speed and wind direction). We have included measurements previously reported by Casadevall and others (1987) for completeness and to improve the usefulness of this current database compilation.
Kilauea releases SO2 gas predominantly from its summit caldera and rift zones (fig. 1). From 1979 through 1982, vehicle-based COSPEC measurements made within the summit caldera were adequate to quantify most of the SO2 emitted from the volcano. Beginning in 1983. the focus of SO2 release shifted from the summit to the east rift zone (ERZ) eruption site at Pu'u 'O'o and, later, Kupaianaha. Since 1984, the Kilauea gas measurement effort has been augmented with intermittent airborne and tripod-based surveys made near the ERZ eruption site. In addition, beginning in 1992 vehicle-based measurements have been made along a section of Chain of Craters Road approximately 9 km downwind of the eruption site. These several types of COSPEC measurements continue to the present.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98462","usgsCitation":"Elias, T., Sutton, A.J., Stokes, J.B., and Casadevall, T.J., 1998, Sulfur dioxide emission rates of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, 1979-1997 (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-462, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98462.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":404284,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_37215.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":51628,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0462/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":156427,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0462/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":1530,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/of98-462/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.317,\n 19.25\n ],\n [\n -155.125,\n 19.25\n ],\n [\n -155.125,\n 19.417\n ],\n [\n -155.317,\n 19.417\n ],\n [\n -155.317,\n 19.25\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db6998df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elias, Tamar 0000-0002-9592-4518 telias@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9592-4518","contributorId":3916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elias","given":"Tamar","email":"telias@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":187553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sutton, A. J. 0000-0003-1902-3977","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1902-3977","contributorId":28983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutton","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stokes, J. B.","contributorId":19182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stokes","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Casadevall, T. J.","contributorId":96680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casadevall","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":24744,"text":"ofr98280 - 1998 - Abstracts and program; U.S. Geological Survey National Computer Technology Meeting, April 6-9, 1998, St. Louis, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-29T16:11:04","indexId":"ofr98280","displayToPublicDate":"1999-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-280","title":"Abstracts and program; U.S. Geological Survey National Computer Technology Meeting, April 6-9, 1998, St. Louis, Missouri","docAbstract":"This report contains abstracts presented at the NCTM '98 meeting in St. Louis, Missouri. The abstracts are of technical papers and demonstrations relating actual experiences in support of national disasters, the use of the World Wide Web for dissemination of data, system administration techniques, and new technology currently being evaluated in USGS.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98280","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"1998, Abstracts and program; U.S. Geological Survey National Computer Technology Meeting, April 6-9, 1998, St. Louis, Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-280, xvi, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98280.","productDescription":"xvi, 19 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158184,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0280/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53775,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0280/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"436 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a39ab","contributors":{"compilers":[{"text":"Babcock, Colleen A.","contributorId":67829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Babcock","given":"Colleen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752834,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mathey, Sharon B.","contributorId":107980,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mathey","given":"Sharon","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":752835,"contributorType":{"id":3,"text":"Compilers"},"rank":2}]}} ]}