{"pageNumber":"1222","pageRowStart":"30525","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46734,"records":[{"id":22944,"text":"ofr97810 - 1998 - FEMFLOW3D; a finite-element program for the simulation of three-dimensional aquifers; version 1.0","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-27T07:04:13","indexId":"ofr97810","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-810","title":"FEMFLOW3D; a finite-element program for the simulation of three-dimensional aquifers; version 1.0","docAbstract":"This document describes a computer program that simulates three-dimensional ground- water systems using the finite-element method. The program was developed to simulate regional ground-water systems, but it can be applied to small-scale problems as well. This program can be used to simulate both confined and water-table aquifers.\nThe program simulates a linearized three-dimensional free-surface ground-water system with a fixed grid. FEMFLOW3D is applicable to the simulation of various free-surface ground-water systems for which the change in aquifer thickness is small relative to the overall aquifer thickness.\nThe finite-element method provides flexibility in the design of a geometric grid that represents the physical dimensions of an aquifer system. For example, features that can be well represented with a finite-element grid include irregular, random geographic and geologic features; irregular boundaries; and increased detail within localized areas of particular interest within the study area.\nThe structure of the computer program consists of a main program, which serves as a simple driver, and a set of subroutines in which the calculations are performed. The background, mathematical basis, structure, and inputs for each of the subroutines are described in the document where applicable. Each subroutine generally handles (1) a part of the mathematical calculations related to the finite-element method, (2) a specific feature of the hydrologic system, or (3) special features related to the management input or output data.\nHydrologic features that can be represented with the program include stream-aquifer interactions, phreatophytic evapotranspiration, highly permeable fault zones, land subsidence, and land-aquifer interactions associated with land-use activities. The program can also represent the primary features associated with complex irrigation systems, such as irrigated agriculture, and can calculate the ground-water recharge that results from these activities. Three boundary conditions, including specified-head boundaries, specified-flux boundaries, and variable-flux boundaries, can be represented with the program. The program also provides a method for identifying aquifer and river-bed parameters that can be used in the calibration of models.\nThis document also includes model validation, source code, and example input and output files. Model validation was performed using four test problems. For each test problem, the results of a model simulation with FEMFLOW3D were compared with either an analytic solution or the results of an independent numerical approach. The source code, written in the ANSI x3.9-1978 FORTRAN standard, and the complete input and output of an example problem are listed in the appendixes.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr97810","issn":"0094-9140","collaboration":"The USGS does not support this software or technical questions for the software associated with the publication.","usgsCitation":"Durbin, T.J., and Bond, L.D., 1998, FEMFLOW3D; a finite-element program for the simulation of three-dimensional aquifers; version 1.0: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-810, vii, 338 p. :ill. ;28 cm. +1 computer disk (3 1/2 in.), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr97810.","productDescription":"vii, 338 p. :ill. ;28 cm. +1 computer disk (3 1/2 in.)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154285,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0810/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52344,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0810/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":270237,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1997/0810/application.zip"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d7e4b07f02db54928d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Durbin, Timothy J.","contributorId":63373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durbin","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bond, Linda D.","contributorId":99579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bond","given":"Linda","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":24862,"text":"ofr98231 - 1998 - Audio-magnetotelluric data collected in the Beatty, Nevada area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:10","indexId":"ofr98231","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-231","title":"Audio-magnetotelluric data collected in the Beatty, Nevada area","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr98231","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Williams, J.M., 1998, Audio-magnetotelluric data collected in the Beatty, Nevada area: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-231, 148 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98231.","productDescription":"148 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156213,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0231/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53857,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0231/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db668dbf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, J. M.","contributorId":91142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":24851,"text":"ofr9821 - 1998 - Streamflow statistics of selected streams in the lower Red River of the North basin, North Dakota, Minnesota, and Manitoba","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-13T12:12:41","indexId":"ofr9821","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-21","title":"Streamflow statistics of selected streams in the lower Red River of the North basin, North Dakota, Minnesota, and Manitoba","docAbstract":"<p><span>Statistical summaries of streamflow data through water year 1994 for selected active and discontinued U.S. Geological Survey gaging stations for the Red River of the North Basin downstream of Halstad, Minnesota, to and including Emerson, Manitoba, are presented in this report. The summaries for each streamflow-gaging station include (1) station description, (2) graph of the annual mean discharge for the period of record, (3) statistics of monthly and annual mean discharges, (4) graph of the annual flow duration, (5) monthly and annual flow duration, (6) probability of occurrence of annual high discharges, (7) probability of occurrence of annual low discharges, (8) probability of occurrence of seasonal low discharges, (9) annual peak discharge and corresponding gage height for the period of record, and (10) monthly and annual mean discharges for the period of record.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9821","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Williams-Sether, T., and Wiche, G.J., 1998, Streamflow statistics of selected streams in the lower Red River of the North basin, North Dakota, Minnesota, and Manitoba: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-21, vi, 407 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9821.","productDescription":"vi, 407 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157049,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0021/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53849,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0021/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4d40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams-Sether, Tara 0000-0001-6515-9416 tjsether@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6515-9416","contributorId":152247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams-Sether","given":"Tara","email":"tjsether@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":192686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wiche, Gregg J. gjwiche@usgs.gov","contributorId":1675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiche","given":"Gregg","email":"gjwiche@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":192687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":24571,"text":"ofr9870 - 1998 - Hydrologic and chemical data from the Long Valley Hydrologic Advisory Committee Monitoring Program in Long Valley Caldera, Mono County, California, 1988-1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:00","indexId":"ofr9870","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-70","title":"Hydrologic and chemical data from the Long Valley Hydrologic Advisory Committee Monitoring Program in Long Valley Caldera, Mono County, California, 1988-1997","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr9870","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Sorey, M., and Farrar, C.D., 1998, Hydrologic and chemical data from the Long Valley Hydrologic Advisory Committee Monitoring Program in Long Valley Caldera, Mono County, California, 1988-1997: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-70, ii, 49 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9870.","productDescription":"ii, 49 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155079,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0070/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53620,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0070/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db6118cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sorey, M.L.","contributorId":73185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorey","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Farrar, C. D.","contributorId":71978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrar","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":42906,"text":"ofr98139 - 1998 - Multibeam data and socio-economic issues in west-central San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-25T19:02:47.467272","indexId":"ofr98139","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-139","title":"Multibeam data and socio-economic issues in west-central San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"San Francisco Bay is the largest estuary on the conterminous U.S. Pacific Coast and is one of the world's largest natural harbors. It is a biologically productive and diverse environment. San Francisco Bay has a maritime economy that annually generates over $7.5 billion, handles 50 million tons of cargo, and involves thousands of jobs. Recent investigations by the USGS in this estuary help address both socio-economic and scientific issues:\r\n\r\n*Trimming pinnacles may prevent a calamitous oil spill. \r\n*Can San Francisco Bay accept more dredge spoil? \r\n*Bay floor biological habitats are quite varied. \r\n*How thick and how variable is the sediment fill in central San Francisco Bay?","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr98139","usgsCitation":"Chin, J., Carlson, P.R., Wong, F.L., and Cacchione, D.A., 1998, Multibeam data and socio-economic issues in west-central San Francisco Bay (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-139, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98139.","productDescription":"HTML Document","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[{"id":645,"text":"Western Coastal and Marine Geology","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":168162,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":388493,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17767.htm"},{"id":12016,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/of98-139/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.5,37.6 ], [ -122.5,37.9 ], [ -122.3,37.9 ], [ -122.3,37.6 ], [ -122.5,37.6 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698bfb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chin, John L.","contributorId":98291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chin","given":"John L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":227380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carlson, Paul R.","contributorId":81469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":227379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wong, Florence L. 0000-0002-3918-5896 fwong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3918-5896","contributorId":1990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"Florence","email":"fwong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":227377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cacchione, David A.","contributorId":37327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cacchione","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":227378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":24538,"text":"ofr98207 - 1998 - A simplified economic filter for open-pit gold-silver mining in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-08T15:19:31.642419","indexId":"ofr98207","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-207","title":"A simplified economic filter for open-pit gold-silver mining in the United States","docAbstract":"<p>In resource assessments of undiscovered mineral deposits and in the early stages of exploration, including planning, a need for prefeasibility cost models exists. In exploration, these models to filter economic from uneconomic deposits help to focus on targets that can really benefit the exploration enterprise. In resource assessment, these models can be used to eliminate deposits that would probably be uneconomic even if discovered. The U. S. Bureau of Mines (USBM) previously developed simplified cost models for such problems (Camm, 1991). These cost models estimate operating and capital expenditures for a mineral deposit given its tonnage, grade, and depth. These cost models were also incorporated in USBM prefeasibility software (Smith, 1991).</p>\n<br/>\n<p>Because the cost data used to estimate operating and capital costs in these models are now over ten years old, we decided that it was necessary to test these equations with more current data. We limited this study to open-pit gold-silver mines located in the United States.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98207","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Singer, D.A., Menzie, W.D., and Long, K.R., 1998, A simplified economic filter for open-pit gold-silver mining in the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-207, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98207.","productDescription":"13 p.","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":284316,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr98207.jpg"},{"id":53586,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0207/pdf/OFR98-207.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":1624,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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David","contributorId":15645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Menzie","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":432,"text":"National Minerals Information Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":192107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Long, Keith R. 0000-0002-6457-2820 klong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6457-2820","contributorId":2279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"Keith","email":"klong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":192105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":22971,"text":"ofr98225 - 1998 - An analysis of crosswell radar data collected during an experimental gasoline spill","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:04","indexId":"ofr98225","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-225","title":"An analysis of crosswell radar data collected during an experimental gasoline spill","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr98225","issn":"0094-9140","isbn":"0607904755","usgsCitation":"Ellefsen, K., 1998, An analysis of crosswell radar data collected during an experimental gasoline spill: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-225, 1 computer laser optical disc :ill. (some col.) ;4 3/4 in., in plastic box (13 x 15 x 1 cm.), https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98225.","productDescription":"1 computer laser optical disc :ill. (some col.) ;4 3/4 in., in plastic box (13 x 15 x 1 cm.)","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":155950,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db685a08","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellefsen, K.J. 0000-0003-3075-4703","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3075-4703","contributorId":12061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellefsen","given":"K.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":189218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":24366,"text":"ofr9867 - 1998 - Precipitation, streamflow, and water-quality data from selected sites in the City of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, 1995-97","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-24T19:33:29.618541","indexId":"ofr9867","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-67","title":"Precipitation, streamflow, and water-quality data from selected sites in the City of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, 1995-97","docAbstract":"Precipitation data were collected at 46 precipitation sites and 3 atmospheric deposition sites, and hydrologic data were collected at 9 stream sites in the vicinity of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, from July 1995 through June 1997. Data were collected to identify the type, concentration, and amount of nonpoint-source stormwater runoff within the area. The data collected include measurements of precipitation; streamflow; physical characteristics, such as water temperature, pH, specific conductance, biochemical oxygen demand, oil and grease, and suspended sediment concentrations; and concentrations of nutrients, metals and minor constituents, and organic compounds.\r\n\r\nThese data should provide valuable information needed for (1) planned watershed simulation models, (2) estimates of nonpoint-source constituent loadings to the Catawba River, and (3) characterization of water quality in relation to basin conditions. Streamflow and rainfall data have been used to provide early warning of possible flooding.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9867","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Robinson, J.B., Hazell, W., and Garrett, R.G., 1998, Precipitation, streamflow, and water-quality data from selected sites in the City of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, 1995-97: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-67, v, 220 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9867.","productDescription":"v, 220 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":392099,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17749.htm"},{"id":53464,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0067/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":156242,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0067/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","county":"Mecklenburg County","city":"Charlotte","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.96923828125,\n              35.03899204678081\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.6231689453125,\n              35.03899204678081\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.6231689453125,\n              35.40248356426937\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.96923828125,\n              35.40248356426937\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.96923828125,\n              35.03899204678081\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad1e4b07f02db68107f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, J. B.","contributorId":32564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hazell, W. F.","contributorId":40625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hazell","given":"W. F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Garrett, R. G.","contributorId":93929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garrett","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":21910,"text":"ofr98132 - 1998 - The last interglaciation at Owens Lake, California; Core OL-92","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-30T11:47:26","indexId":"ofr98132","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-132","title":"The last interglaciation at Owens Lake, California; Core OL-92","docAbstract":"<p>Owens Lake, located at the eastern base of the central Sierra Nevada (Fig. 1), was the terminus of the Owens River prior to the lake's complete desiccation shortly after 1913 due to river diversion by the City of Los Angeles. During earlier wetter cycles, the lake overflowed to fill a series of downstream basins including China Lake Basin, Searles Valley, Panamint Valley, and ultimately, Death Valley (Smith and Street-Perrott, 1983). In 1992 the U.S. Geological Survey drilled a 323-m-deep core (OL-92) into Owens Lake sediments near the depocenter of the basin to obtain a continuous record of silty-clay sediment spanning the last 800,000 yrs. A multi-parameter reconnaissance study of the entire core (ca 7000-yr resolution), was reported in a 13-chapter summary volume (Smith and Bischoff, 1997). A document containing the numerical and other detailed forms of raw data collected by that volume's authors was prepared earlier (Smith and Bischoff, 1993). The reconnaissance study provided an approximate time-depth model for the entire core, based on radiocarbon dates from the top 31m, the Bishop Ash (759,000 yrs) at 304 m, ten within-Brunhes paleomagnetic excursions, and a compaction-corrected mass-accumulation rate of 51.4 g/cm/l000yr (Bischoff et al., 1997a). Application of this model to observed sediment parameters indicates that Owens Lake was saline, alkaline, and biologically productive at times of decreased water-flow, and was generally hydrologically flushed and relatively unproductive during times of increased water-flow. Grain size, abundance of CaCO<sub>3</sub>, organic carbon, clay mineralogy, cation-exchange capacity of the clay fraction, fossil pollen, fish, ostracodes, and diatoms (see summary by Smith et al., 1997) all show cyclic variation down the core. CaCO<sub>3</sub> abundance, in particular, strongly reflects an approximately 100 ka dominant cycle, characteristic of global ice-volume indicated by the MIS δ<sup>18</sup>O record. Four of the last five marine isotope terminations are clearly shown in the OL-92 record.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Menlo Park, CA","doi":"10.3133/ofr98132","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"1998, The last interglaciation at Owens Lake, California; Core OL-92: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-132, 186 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98132.","productDescription":"186 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":51394,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0132/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":154322,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0132/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Owens Lake","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64b08d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bischoff, James L. jbischoff@usgs.gov","contributorId":1389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"James","email":"jbischoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":726167,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":4874,"text":"ds44 - 1998 - Global geoscience transect 8; Quebec-Maine-Gulf of Maine transect, southeastern Canada, northern U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-28T13:30:42","indexId":"ds44","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"44","title":"Global geoscience transect 8; Quebec-Maine-Gulf of Maine transect, southeastern Canada, northern U.S.A.","docAbstract":"This disc contains the digital data that were used to create Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I-2329, the underlying geographic information system data, and supporting documentation.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"The Survey ;USGS Information Services,","doi":"10.3133/ds44","isbn":"0607901934","collaboration":"The USGS does not provide technical support for the software associated with this publication.","usgsCitation":"Johnson, T.L., Wright, B.E., Stewart, D.B., and Zihlman, F.N., 1998, Global geoscience transect 8; Quebec-Maine-Gulf of Maine transect, southeastern Canada, northern U.S.A.: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 44, 1 computer laser optical disc :col. ;4 3/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds44.","productDescription":"1 computer laser optical disc :col. ;4 3/4 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139705,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":282965,"type":{"id":4,"text":"Application Site"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/044/application.zip"}],"scale":"1","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -73,40 ], [ -73,47 ], [ -66.25,47 ], [ -66.25,40 ], [ -73,40 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abee4b07f02db674bb8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Thomas L.","contributorId":39441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, Bruce E.","contributorId":93885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stewart, David B.","contributorId":79864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zihlman, F. N.","contributorId":16819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zihlman","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":24421,"text":"ofr98216 - 1998 - Characteristics of discrete and basin-centered parts of the Lower Silurian regional oil and gas accumulation, Appalachian basin: Preliminary results from a data set of 25 oil and gas fields","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-16T23:20:44.748771","indexId":"ofr98216","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-216","title":"Characteristics of discrete and basin-centered parts of the Lower Silurian regional oil and gas accumulation, Appalachian basin: Preliminary results from a data set of 25 oil and gas fields","docAbstract":"<p>Oil and gas trapped in Lower Silurian \"Clinton\" sands and Medina Group sandstone constitute a regional hydrocarbon accumulation that extends 425 mi in length from Ontario, Canada to northeastern Kentucky. The 125-mi width of the accumulation extends from central Ohio eastward to western Pennsylvania and west-central New York. Lenticular and intertonguing reservoirs, a gradual eastward decrease in reservoir porosity and permeability, and poorly segregated gas, oil, and water in the reservoirs make it very difficult to recognize clear-cut geologic- and production-based subdivisions in the accumulation that are relevant to resource assessment. However, subtle variations are recognizable that permit the regional accumulation to be subdivided into three tentative parts: a western gas-bearing part having more or less discrete fields; an eastern gas-bearing part having many characteristics of a basin-centered accumulation; and a central oil- and gas-bearing part with \"hybrid\" fields that share characteristics of both discrete and basin-centered accumulation. A data set of 25 oil and gas fields is used in the report to compare selected attributes of the three parts of the regional accumulation. A fourth part of the regional accumulation, not discussed here, is an eastern extension of basin-centered accumulation having local commercial gas in the Tuscarora Sandstone, a proximal facies of the Lower Silurian depositional system.</p><p>A basin-centered gas accumulation is a regionally extensive and commonly very thick zone of gas saturation that occurs in low-permeability rocks in the central, deeper part of a sedimentary basin. Another commonly used term for this type of accumulation is deep-basin gas accumulation. Basin-centered accumulation is a variety of continuous-type accumulation. The \"Clinton\" sands and Medina Group sandstone part of the basin-centered gas accumulation is characterized by: a) reservoir porosity ranging from about 5 to 10 percent; b) reservoir permeability equal to or less than 0.1 mD; c) low reservoir water saturation and an average water yield per well less than about 9 to 13 BW/MMCFG; d) a broadly defined updip water-block trap; e) underpressured reservoirs with a gradient ranging from 0.25 to 0.35 psi/ft; and f) reservoir temperature of at least 125° F (52° C).</p><p>Other than for historical and location purposes, the term field has little or no meaning as an assessment unit for the regional accumulation. In practice, each designated field represents a production sweet spot having relatively high EURs per well that in turn merges with surrounding gas-productive regions that are generally larger in area but have lower EURs per well. This important feature of the Lower Silurian regional accumulation, whereby most wells drilled into it are gas productive, must be considered when assessing its potential for remaining recoverable gas resources. Most of the remaining gas resources reside in \"Clinton\" sands and Medina Group sandstone in the basin-centered part of the accumulation where as much as several tens of TCF of natural gas may be technically recoverable. The Tuscarora Sandstone in the eastern extension of the basin-centered part of the accumulation underlies a very large area and, although commonly characterized by very low porosity and permeability and low-Btu gas, probably contains additional gas resources. Remaining undiscovered recoverable gas and oil resources in the discrete and hybrid parts of the accumulation are primarily located beneath Lake Erie.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98216","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Ryder, R., 1998, Characteristics of discrete and basin-centered parts of the Lower Silurian regional oil and gas accumulation, Appalachian basin: Preliminary results from a data set of 25 oil and gas fields: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-216, iv, 71 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98216.","productDescription":"iv, 71 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":393036,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19430.htm"},{"id":53500,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0216/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":9134,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/of98-216/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":156228,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0216/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Maryland, New York, Ohio, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Appalachian basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.353515625,\n              38.28993659801203\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.1787109375,\n              38.28993659801203\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.1787109375,\n              43.16512263158296\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.353515625,\n              43.16512263158296\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.353515625,\n              38.28993659801203\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e50fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryder, Robert T.","contributorId":77918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryder","given":"Robert T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":21854,"text":"ofr98147 - 1998 - Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, Summary 92. Part 1, seismic data, January to December 1992","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-03T20:17:20.276563","indexId":"ofr98147","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-147","title":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, Summary 92. Part 1, seismic data, January to December 1992","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr98147","issn":"0566-8174","usgsCitation":"Nakata, J.S., Tomori, A., Tanigawa, W.R., Okubo, P.G., Mattox, T.N., Heliker, C., Mangan, M.T., and Keszthelyi, L.P., 1998, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, Summary 92. Part 1, seismic data, January to December 1992: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-147, i, 70 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98147.","productDescription":"i, 70 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":391357,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19425.htm"},{"id":51334,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0147/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":154079,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0147/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.417,\n              19.217\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.933,\n              19.217\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.933,\n              19.55\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.417,\n              19.55\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.417,\n              19.217\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63f1d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nakata, J. S.","contributorId":23940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakata","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tomori, A. H.","contributorId":24780,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tomori","given":"A. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tanigawa, W. R.","contributorId":12849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanigawa","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Okubo, P. G. 0000-0002-0381-6051","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0381-6051","contributorId":95899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okubo","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mattox, T. N.","contributorId":55450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattox","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Heliker, C. C.","contributorId":70753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heliker","given":"C. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mangan, M. T.","contributorId":10438,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mangan","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Keszthelyi, L. P.","contributorId":9291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keszthelyi","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":185982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70020247,"text":"70020247 - 1998 - Establishment of woody riparian vegetation in relation to annual patterns of streamflow, Bill Williams River, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-23T17:07:29.206462","indexId":"70020247","displayToPublicDate":"1998-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Establishment of woody riparian vegetation in relation to annual patterns of streamflow, Bill Williams River, Arizona","docAbstract":"<p><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"><span>Previous studies have revealed the close coupling of components of annual streamflow hydrographs and the germination and establishment of </span><i>Populus</i><span>&nbsp;species. Key hydrograph components include the timing and magnitude of flood peaks, the rate of decline of the recession limb, and the magnitude of base flows. In this paper, we retrospectively examine establishment of four woody riparian species along the Bill Williams River, Arizona, USA, in the context of annual patterns of streamflow for the years 1993–1995. The four species examined were the native </span><i>Populus fremontii, Salix gooddingii</i><span>, and </span><i>Baccharis salicifolia</i><span>&nbsp;and the exotic </span><i>Tamarix ramosissima</i><span>. We modeled locations suitable for germination of each species along eight study transects by combining historic discharge data, calculated stage-discharge relationships, and seed-dispersal timing observations. This germination model was, a highly significant predictor of seedling establishment. Where germination was predicted to occur, we compared values of several environmental variables in quadrats where we observed successful establishment with quadrats where establishment was unsuccessful. The basal area of mature woody vegetation, the maximum annual, depth to ground water, and the maximum rate of water-table decline were the variables that best discriminated between quadrats with and without seedlings. The results of this study suggest that the basic components of models that relate establishment of </span><i>Populus</i><span>&nbsp;spp. to annual patterns of streamflow may also be applicable to other woody riparian species. Reach-to-reach variation in stage-discharge relationships can influence model parameters, however, and should be considered if results such as ours are to be used in efforts to prescribe reservoir releases to promote establishment of native riparian vegetation.</span></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/BF03161674","issn":"02775212","usgsCitation":"Shafroth, P., Auble, G., Stromberg, J., and Patten, D., 1998, Establishment of woody riparian vegetation in relation to annual patterns of streamflow, Bill Williams River, Arizona: Wetlands, v. 18, no. 4, p. 577-590, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03161674.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"577","endPage":"590","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230890,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Bill Williams River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -114.09873911280913,\n              34.305537372613855\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.09873911280913,\n              34.195039310979226\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.60034525138416,\n              34.195039310979226\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.60034525138416,\n              34.305537372613855\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.09873911280913,\n              34.305537372613855\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0a6de4b0c8380cd5235a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shafroth, P.B.","contributorId":65041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shafroth","given":"P.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Auble, G.T.","contributorId":19505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Auble","given":"G.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stromberg, J.C.","contributorId":81455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stromberg","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Patten, D.T.","contributorId":15955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patten","given":"D.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70174364,"text":"70174364 - 1998 - An overview of San Francisco Bay PORTS","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-07-20T18:49:48.055356","indexId":"70174364","displayToPublicDate":"1998-11-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"An overview of San Francisco Bay PORTS","docAbstract":"<p>The Physical Oceanographic Real-Time System (PORTS) provides observations of tides, tidal currents, and meteorological conditions in real-time. The San Francisco Bay PORTS (SFPORTS) is a decision support system to facilitate safe and efficient maritime commerce. In addition to real-time observations, SFPORTS includes a nowcast numerical model forming a San Francisco Bay marine nowcast system. SFPORTS data and nowcast numerical model results are made available to users through the World Wide Web (WWW). A brief overview of SFPORTS is presented, from the data flow originated at instrument sensors to final results delivered to end users on the WWW. A user-friendly interface for SFPORTS has been designed and implemented. Appropriate field data analysis, nowcast procedures, design and generation of graphics for WWW display of field data and nowcast results are presented and discussed. Furthermore, SFPORTS is designed to support hazardous materials spill prevention and response, and to serve as resources to scientists studying the health of San Francisco Bay ecosystem. The success (or failure) of the SFPORTS to serve the intended user community is determined by the effectiveness of the user interface.</p>","conferenceTitle":"Ocean community conference","conferenceDate":"November 15-19, 1998","conferenceLocation":"Baltimore, Maryland","language":"English","publisher":"Marine Technology Society","usgsCitation":"Cheng, R.T., McKinnie, D., English, C., and Smith, R., 1998, An overview of San Francisco Bay PORTS, Ocean community conference, Baltimore, Maryland, November 15-19, 1998, p. 1054-1060.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1054","endPage":"1060","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324984,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.93038940429688,\n              38.05674222065293\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.90841674804686,\n              38.08052761936274\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.01553344726561,\n              38.09457899232253\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.98532104492186,\n              38.12159327165922\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.00592041015626,\n              38.14103736644331\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.05673217773438,\n              38.14103736644331\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.08145141601561,\n              38.10106333042556\n            ],\n            [\n              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Chad","contributorId":172775,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"English","given":"Chad","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Richard E.","contributorId":146652,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5223500,"text":"5223500 - 1998 - Relation of lead exposure to sediment ingestion in mute swans on the Chesapeake Bay, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-05T16:36:48.264214","indexId":"5223500","displayToPublicDate":"1998-11-01T12:18:40","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relation of lead exposure to sediment ingestion in mute swans on the Chesapeake Bay, USA","docAbstract":"<p><span>Although wildlife risk assessments are generally based on the accumulation of environmental contaminants through food chains, wildlife may also ingest contaminants incidentally with sediment. Forty-two mute swans (</span><i>Cygnus olor</i><span>) were collected from unpolluted portions of central Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, USA, in spring 1995, and their intestinal digesta were analyzed for 13 metals (aluminum [Al], boron, barium, cadmium, copper [Cu], iron, magnesium, manganese, nickel, lead [Pb], strontium, vanadium, and zinc) and for acid-insoluble ash, a marker of sediment. Swan livers and sediment samples also were analyzed for the same metals. Group method of data handling demonstrated that the digesta Al, which is associated with clays, was the best predictor of digesta Pb. Adding concentrations of other metals as predictors did not improve the accuracy of the estimates of Pb concentrations from Al concentrations. The&nbsp;</span><i>r</i><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;of the equation relating the log of digesta Pb to the log of digesta Al was 0.86, whereas the&nbsp;</span><i>r</i><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;of the equation relating the log of digesta Pb to the log of digesta acid-insoluble ash was 0.50. Accounting for the sediment ingested was critical to determining the exposure of mute swans to Pb, as well as to some of the other metals, and sediment ingestion should be considered in ecotoxicological risk assessments of waterfowl. The mean of 7.4% acid-insoluble ash in the digesta corresponded to an estimated 3.2% sediment in the diet. The Pb concentrations in the digesta were two to three times the concentration that would have been predicted from sediment Pb concentrations; presumably, the swans had ingested clays high in Pb that had settled on the vegetation. The swans were probably not exposed to high Cu concentrations but nevertheless had hepatic Cu concentrations that would be considered very high if found in other species.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620171121","usgsCitation":"Beyer, W., Day, D., Morton, A., and Pachepsky, Y., 1998, Relation of lead exposure to sediment ingestion in mute swans on the Chesapeake Bay, USA: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 17, no. 11, p. 2298-2301, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620171121.","productDescription":"2298-2301","startPage":"2298","endPage":"2301","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198376,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":425380,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122664160/abstract","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"17","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a01e4b07f02db5f7edf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beyer, W. N. 0000-0002-8911-9141","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-9141","contributorId":55379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyer","given":"W. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day, D. 0000-0001-9070-7170","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9070-7170","contributorId":20298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morton, Alexandra","contributorId":42323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton","given":"Alexandra","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pachepsky, Y.","contributorId":29539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pachepsky","given":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338875,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70020515,"text":"70020515 - 1998 - Estimating the effectiveness of further sampling inspecies inventories","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-19T19:42:27.275125","indexId":"70020515","displayToPublicDate":"1998-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating the effectiveness of further sampling inspecies inventories","docAbstract":"<p><span>Estimators of the number of additional species expected in the next Δ</span><i>n</i><span>&nbsp;samples offer a potentially important tool for improving cost-effectiveness of species inventories but are largely untested. We used Monte Carlo methods to compare 11 such estimators, across a range of community structures and sampling regimes, and validated our results, where possible, using empirical data from vascular plant and beetle inventories from Glacier National Park, Montana, USA. We found that&nbsp;</span>B. Efron and R. Thisted’s 1976<span>&nbsp;negative binomial estimator was most robust to differences in community structure and that it was among the most accurate estimators when sampling was from model communities with structures resembling the large, heterogeneous communities that are the likely targets of major inventory efforts. Other estimators may be preferred under specific conditions, however. For example, when sampling was from model communities with highly even species-abundance distributions, estimates based on the Michaelis-Menten model were most accurate; when sampling was from moderately even model communities with&nbsp;</span><i>S</i><span>&nbsp;= 10 species or communities with highly uneven species-abundance distributions, estimates based on&nbsp;</span>Gleason’s (1922)<span>&nbsp;species–area model were most accurate. We suggest that use of such methods in species inventories can help improve cost-effectiveness by providing an objective basis for redirecting sampling to more-productive sites, methods, or time periods as the expectation of detecting additional species becomes unacceptably low.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1890/1051-0761(1998)008[1239:ETEOFS]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Keating, K., Quinn, J.F., Ivie, M., and Ivie, L., 1998, Estimating the effectiveness of further sampling inspecies inventories: Ecological Applications, v. 8, no. 4, p. 1239-1249, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(1998)008[1239:ETEOFS]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1239","endPage":"1249","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231223,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b59e4b0c8380cd526ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keating, Kim A.","contributorId":20271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keating","given":"Kim A.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":386507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quinn, James F.","contributorId":101379,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quinn","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ivie, M.A.","contributorId":43307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivie","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ivie, L.L.","contributorId":54939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ivie","given":"L.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70128721,"text":"70128721 - 1998 - Geologic controls on the formation of lakes in north-central Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-15T14:59:38","indexId":"70128721","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-14T10:44:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesNumber":"26","title":"Geologic controls on the formation of lakes in north-central Florida","docAbstract":"<p>Fluid exchange between surficial waters and groundwater, as well as the processes that control this exchange, are of critical concern to water management districts and planners. Digital high-resolution seismic systems were used to collect geophysical data from 30 lakes of north-central Florida. Although using seismic profile data in the past has been less than successful, the use of digital technology has increased the potential for success. Seismic profiles collected from the lakes of north-central Florida have shown the potential application of these techniques in understanding the formation of individual lakes. In each case study, lake structure and geomorphology were controlled by solution and/or mechanical processes. Processes that control lake development are twofold: 1) karstification or dissolution of the underlying limestone, and 2) me collapse, subsidence, or slumping of overburden to form sinkholes. Initial lake formation is directly related to the karst topography of the underlying host limestone. Lake size and shape are a factor of the thickness of overburden and size of the collapse or subsidence and/or clustering of depressions allowing for lake development. Lake development is through progressive sequence stages to maturity that can be delineated into geomorphic types. Case studies have shown that lakes can be divided by geomorphic types into progressive developmental phases: (1) active subsidence or collapse phase (young) - the open to partially filled collapse structures typically associated with sink holes; (2) transitional phase (middle age) - the sinkhole is plugged as the voids within the collapse are filled with sediment, periodic reactivation may occur; (3) baselevel phase (mature) - active sinkholes are progressively plugged by the continual erosion of material into the basin, and eventually sediment fills the basins; and (4) polje (drowned prairie) - broad flat-bottom basins located within the epiphreatic zone that are inundated at high stages of the water table and have one or all phases of sinkhole development and many types of karst and karren features.</p>\n<br>\n<p>Most lakes in this study have a small diameter (<1 km) making stratigraphic correlations from lake to lake difficult. Seismic profiles of subsurface features were used to define the lake geologic history and to locate possible breaches in the confining layer that maintains these lakes. Nine types of acoustical signatures were identified from the profiles to describe the structural history of each lake. Using these criteria, Florida lakes can be classified by size, fill, subsurface features, and geomorphology. Classification of the lakes has led to a better understanding of the relation between the geology and hydrology of Florida.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Modern and Ancient Lake Systems: New Problems and Perspectives, 1998","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Utah Geological Association","usgsCitation":"Kindinger, J.L., Davis, J.B., and Flocks, J.G., 1998, Geologic controls on the formation of lakes in north-central Florida, 22 p.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"9","endPage":"30","costCenters":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":295267,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295266,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://archives.datapages.com/data/uga/data/069/069001/9_ugs690009.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"543e3b27e4b0fd76af69cf0d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Pitman, Janet K. 0000-0002-0441-779X jpitman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0441-779X","contributorId":767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitman","given":"Janet","email":"jpitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":510009,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carroll, Alan R.","contributorId":111442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carroll","given":"Alan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":510008,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Kindinger, Jack L. jkindinger@usgs.gov","contributorId":815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kindinger","given":"Jack","email":"jkindinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":503117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, Jeffrey B.","contributorId":104834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":503119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Flocks, James G. 0000-0002-6177-7433 jflocks@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6177-7433","contributorId":816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flocks","given":"James","email":"jflocks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":503118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":24686,"text":"ofr98163 - 1998 - Water-quality data and description of biota for selected watersheds of the Limited Use Area, Vernon Ranger District, Kisatchie National Forest, Louisiana, September 1996 through March 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:29","indexId":"ofr98163","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-163","title":"Water-quality data and description of biota for selected watersheds of the Limited Use Area, Vernon Ranger District, Kisatchie National Forest, Louisiana, September 1996 through March 1997","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr98163","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Tollett, R., and Fendick, R., 1998, Water-quality data and description of biota for selected watersheds of the Limited Use Area, Vernon Ranger District, Kisatchie National Forest, Louisiana, September 1996 through March 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-163, vi, 240 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98163.","productDescription":"vi, 240 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158164,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0163/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53708,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0163/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e5a38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tollett, R.W.","contributorId":8512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tollett","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fendick, R.B. Jr.","contributorId":69602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fendick","given":"R.B.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":192387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":25845,"text":"wri974269 - 1998 - Water-quality data and methods of analysis for samples collected near a plume of sewage-contaminated ground water, Ashumet Valley, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 1993-94","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-08T13:52:31","indexId":"wri974269","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4269","title":"Water-quality data and methods of analysis for samples collected near a plume of sewage-contaminated ground water, Ashumet Valley, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 1993-94","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri974269","usgsCitation":"Savoie, J., and LeBlanc, D.R., 1998, Water-quality data and methods of analysis for samples collected near a plume of sewage-contaminated ground water, Ashumet Valley, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 1993-94: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4269, v, 208 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974269.","productDescription":"v, 208 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157823,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2066,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri974269/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.850830078125,\n              41.60722821271717\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.66430664062499,\n              41.60722821271717\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.66430664062499,\n              42.204107493733176\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.850830078125,\n              42.204107493733176\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.850830078125,\n              41.60722821271717\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db602eaa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savoie, Jennifer G. jsavoie@usgs.gov","contributorId":1691,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savoie","given":"Jennifer G.","email":"jsavoie@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":195318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LeBlanc, Denis R. 0000-0002-4646-2628 dleblanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4646-2628","contributorId":1696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeBlanc","given":"Denis","email":"dleblanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":195319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":26815,"text":"wri974279 - 1998 - Technique for simulating peak-flow hydrographs in Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-22T20:14:05.462043","indexId":"wri974279","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4279","title":"Technique for simulating peak-flow hydrographs in Maryland","docAbstract":"The efficient design and management of many bridges, culverts, embankments, and flood-protection structures may require the estimation of time-of-inundation and (or) storage of floodwater relating to such structures. These estimates can be made on the basis of information derived from the peak-flow hydrograph. Average peak-flow hydrographs corresponding to a peak discharge of specific recurrence interval can be simulated for drainage basins having drainage areas less than 500 square miles in Maryland, using a direct technique of known accuracy. The technique uses dimensionless hydrographs in conjunction with estimates of basin lagtime and instantaneous peak flow.       Ordinary least-squares regression analysis was used to develop an equation for estimating basin lagtime in Maryland. Drainage area, main channel slope, forest cover, and impervious area were determined to be the significant explanatory variables necessary to estimate average basin lagtime at the 95-percent confidence interval. Qualitative variables included in the equation adequately correct for geographic bias across the State. The average standard error of prediction associated with the equation is approximated as plus or minus (+/-) 37.6 percent. Volume correction factors may be applied to the basin lagtime on the basis of a comparison between actual and estimated hydrograph volumes prior to hydrograph simulation.       Three dimensionless hydrographs were developed and tested using data collected during 278 significant rainfall-runoff events at 81 stream-gaging stations distributed throughout Maryland and Delaware. The data represent a range of drainage area sizes and basin conditions.       The technique was verified by applying it to the simulation of 20 peak-flow events and comparing actual and simulated hydrograph widths at 50 and 75 percent of the observed peak-flow levels. The events chosen are considered extreme in that the average recurrence interval of the selected peak flows is 130 years. The average standard errors of prediction were +/- 61 and +/- 56 percent at the 50 and 75 percent of peak-flow hydrograph widths, respectively.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri974279","usgsCitation":"Dillow, J., 1998, Technique for simulating peak-flow hydrographs in Maryland: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4279, vi, 39 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974279.","productDescription":"vi, 39 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":407244,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_48882.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":158412,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":2098,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri97-4279/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United 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,{"id":6342,"text":"pp1597 - 1998 - Reservoir quality and diagenetic evolution of Upper Mississippian rocks in the Illinois Basin; influence of a regional hydrothermal fluid-flow event during late diagenesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:45","indexId":"pp1597","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1597","title":"Reservoir quality and diagenetic evolution of Upper Mississippian rocks in the Illinois Basin; influence of a regional hydrothermal fluid-flow event during late diagenesis","docAbstract":"Conventional reservoir quality data for more than 300 wells provided by the Illinois and Indiana State Geological Surveys were analyzed to determine the factors governing porosity and permeability in the Upper Mississippian Bethel Sandstone and Cypress Sandstone, two of the principal producing units in the Illinois Basin. In addition, approximately 150 samples of the Bethel Sandstone-Cypress Sandstone interval from about 80 wells in the Illinois Basin were collected for mineralogical and geochemical analysis to reconstruct the burial and diagenetic history and to establish the timing of diagenesis relative to the entrapment of hydrocarbons. One aspect of the study involved linking inorganic and organic diagenesis to late Paleozoic tectonism and hydrothermal fluid-flow events in the region.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office ;\r\nFor sale by U.S. Geological Survey Information Services,","doi":"10.3133/pp1597","usgsCitation":"Pitman, J.K., Henry, M.E., and Seyler, B., 1998, Reservoir quality and diagenetic evolution of Upper Mississippian rocks in the Illinois Basin; influence of a regional hydrothermal fluid-flow event during late diagenesis: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1597, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1597.","productDescription":"24 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117603,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1597/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":33682,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1597/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b12d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pitman, Janet K. 0000-0002-0441-779X jpitman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0441-779X","contributorId":767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitman","given":"Janet","email":"jpitman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":152548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henry, Mitchell E.","contributorId":57447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henry","given":"Mitchell","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seyler, Beverly","contributorId":51730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seyler","given":"Beverly","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":152549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020059,"text":"70020059 - 1998 - Population demographics of two local South Carolina mourning dove populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-12-13T16:02:20.199597","indexId":"70020059","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Population demographics of two local South Carolina mourning dove populations","docAbstract":"<p>The mourning dove (<i>Zenaida macroura</i>) call-count index had a significant (P &lt; 0.01) negative trend in South Carolina and the Eastern Management Unit (EMU) during 1988-97. We initiated a banding study in 2 areas in the Coastal Plain of South Carolina to estimate population demographic parameters of doves to generate hypotheses that address the purported population declines. During 1992-96, we banded &gt;2,300 doves and examined &gt;6,000 individuals during harvest bag checks. An age-specific band recovery model with time- and area-specific recovery rates, and constant survival rates, was chosen for estimation via Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC), likelihood ratio, and goodness-of-fit criteria. After-hatching-year (AHY) annual survival rate was 0.359 (SE = 0.056), and hatching-year (HY) annual survival rate was 0.118 (SE = 0.042). Average estimated recruitment per adult female into the prehunting season population was 3.40 (SE = 1.25) and 2.32 (SE = 0.46) for the 2 study areas. Our movement data support earlier hypotheses of nonmigratory breeding and harvested populations in South Carolina. Low survival rates and estimated population growth rate in the study areas may be representative only of small-scale areas that are heavily managed for dove hunting. Source-sink theory was used to develop a model of region-wide populations that is composed of source areas with positive growth rates and sink areas of declining growth. We suggest management of mourning doves in the Southeast might benefit from improved understanding of local population dynamics, as opposed to regional-scale population demographics.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3802011","usgsCitation":"McGowan, D.P., and Otis, D.L., 1998, Population demographics of two local South Carolina mourning dove populations: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 62, no. 4, p. 1443-1451, https://doi.org/10.2307/3802011.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1443","endPage":"1451","costCenters":[{"id":135,"text":"Biological Resources Division","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227997,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Coastal Plain of South Carolina","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -78.83066316401778,\n              34.134834334044896\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.96713501123433,\n              34.134834334044896\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.96713501123433,\n              32.08716615133787\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.83066316401778,\n              32.08716615133787\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.83066316401778,\n              34.134834334044896\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"62","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7d38e4b0c8380cd79e0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGowan, Donald P. Jr.","contributorId":103810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGowan","given":"Donald","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Otis, David L.","contributorId":64396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otis","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":4869,"text":"ds38 - 1998 - Digital representation of a map showing the thickness and character of Quaternary sediments in the glaciated United States east of the Rocky Mountains","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":4869,"text":"ds38 - 1998 - Digital representation of a map showing the thickness and character of Quaternary sediments in the glaciated United States east of the Rocky Mountains","indexId":"ds38","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"title":"Digital representation of a map showing the thickness and character of Quaternary sediments in the glaciated United States east of the Rocky Mountains"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70037891,"text":"ds656 - 2012 - Database for USGS Map I-1970 - Map showing the thickness and character of Quaternary sediments in the glaciated United States east of the Rocky Mountains","indexId":"ds656","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Database for USGS Map I-1970 - Map showing the thickness and character of Quaternary sediments in the glaciated United States east of the Rocky Mountains"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":70037891,"text":"ds656 - 2012 - Database for USGS Map I-1970 - Map showing the thickness and character of Quaternary sediments in the glaciated United States east of the Rocky Mountains","indexId":"ds656","publicationYear":"2012","noYear":false,"title":"Database for USGS Map I-1970 - Map showing the thickness and character of Quaternary sediments in the glaciated United States east of the Rocky Mountains"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:06","indexId":"ds38","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"38","title":"Digital representation of a map showing the thickness and character of Quaternary sediments in the glaciated United States east of the Rocky Mountains","docAbstract":"This CD-ROM contains vector-based digital geologic maps of the surficial deposits in parts of 23 states where continental glaciation occurred during the Quaternary. These maps, at 1:1,000,000-scale, include the texture of the surface sediments and the total thickness of Quaternary sediments. Map compilation was based on about 850 sources of information. These maps are also published in paper form, as U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous investigations Series Map I-1970-A, B, C, and D.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"The Survey ;\r\nFor sale by USGS Information Services,","doi":"10.3133/ds38","isbn":"0607911573","usgsCitation":"Soller, D.R., and Packard, P.H., 1998, Digital representation of a map showing the thickness and character of Quaternary sediments in the glaciated United States east of the Rocky Mountains: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 38, 1 computer laser optical disc :col. ;4 3/4 in., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds38.","productDescription":"1 computer laser optical disc :col. ;4 3/4 in.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139688,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":597,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds38/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"1000000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.51777777777778,36.48444444444444 ], [ -112.51777777777778,49.36805555555556 ], [ -67,49.36805555555556 ], [ -67,36.48444444444444 ], [ -112.51777777777778,36.48444444444444 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65a96f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Soller, D. R.","contributorId":25923,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soller","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":149983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Packard, Patricia H. ppackard@usgs.gov","contributorId":3268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Packard","given":"Patricia","email":"ppackard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":149982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":22598,"text":"ofr98175 - 1998 - Summary of suspended-solids concentration data, San Francisco Bay, California, water year 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-26T16:35:46","indexId":"ofr98175","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-175","title":"Summary of suspended-solids concentration data, San Francisco Bay, California, water year 1996","docAbstract":"<p>Suspended-solids concentration data were collected in San Francisco Bay during water year 1996 (October 1, 1995?September 30, 1996). Optical backscatterance sensors and water samples were used to monitor suspended solids at three sites in Suisun Bay, three sites in Central San Francisco Bay, and three sites in South San Francisco Bay. Sensors were positioned at two depths at most sites. Water samples were collected periodically and were analyzed for concentrations of suspended solids. The results of the analyses were used to calibrate the electrical output of the optical backscatterance sensors. This report presents the data-collection methods used and summarizes the suspended-solids concentration data collected from October 1995 through September 1996. Calibration plots and plots of edited data for each sensor also are presented.</p>","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nInformation Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr98175","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Buchanan, P.A., and Schoellhamer, D., 1998, Summary of suspended-solids concentration data, San Francisco Bay, California, water year 1996: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-175, vi, 59 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98175.","productDescription":"vi, 59 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155815,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0175/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52070,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0175/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db6988fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buchanan, Paul A. 0000-0002-4796-4734 buchanan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4796-4734","contributorId":1018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buchanan","given":"Paul","email":"buchanan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":188544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoellhamer, David H. 0000-0001-9488-7340 dschoell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9488-7340","contributorId":631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoellhamer","given":"David H.","email":"dschoell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":188543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28561,"text":"wri974251 - 1998 - Mass balance, meteorological, ice motion, surface altitude, and runoff data at Gulkana Glacier, Alaska, 1994 balance year","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:53","indexId":"wri974251","displayToPublicDate":"1998-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4251","title":"Mass balance, meteorological, ice motion, surface altitude, and runoff data at Gulkana Glacier, Alaska, 1994 balance year","docAbstract":"The 1994 measured winter snow, maximum winter snow, net, and annual balances in the Gulkana Glacier basin were evaluated on the basis of meteorological, hydrological, and glaciological data obtained in the basin. Averaged over the glacier, the measured winter snow balance was 1.34 meters on April 29, 1994, 0.9 standard deviation above the long-term average; the maximum winter snow balance, 1.43 meters, was reached on April 18, 1994; the net balance (from September 8, 1993 to September 17, 1994) was -0.72 meter, 0.7 standard deviation below the long-term average. The annual balance (October 1, 1992, to September 30, 1993) was -0.88 meter. Ice-surface motion and altitude changes measured at three index sites document seasonal ice speed and glacier-thickness changes. Annual stream runoff was 1.93 meters averaged over the basin, approximately equal to the long-term average.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri974251","usgsCitation":"March, R.S., 1998, Mass balance, meteorological, ice motion, surface altitude, and runoff data at Gulkana Glacier, Alaska, 1994 balance year: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4251, vi, 31 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.; 8 illus.; 11 plates; 11 tables, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974251.","productDescription":"vi, 31 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.; 8 illus.; 11 plates; 11 tables","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2349,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri974251","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":119740,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_97_4251.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60fd39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"March, Rod S. rsmarch@usgs.gov","contributorId":416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"March","given":"Rod","email":"rsmarch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":200030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}