Sphaerosiderite, a morphologically distinct millimeter-scale spherulitic siderite (FeCO3), forms predominantly in wetland soils and sediments, and is common in the geologic record. Ancient sphaerosiderites are found in paleosol horizons within coal-bearing stratigraphic intervals and, like their modern counterparts, are interpreted as having formed in water-saturated environments. Here we report on sphaerosiderites from four different stratigraphic units, each of which has highly variable 13C and relatively stable 18C compositions. The unique isotopic trends are analogous to well-documented meteoric calcite lines, which we define here as meteoric sphaerosiderite lines. Meteoric sphaerosiderite lines provide a new means of constraining ground-water δ18O and thus allow evaluation of paleohydrology and paleoclimate in humid continental settings.
Nearly 600 million bbl of oil (MMBO) and 1 to 1.5 trillion ft3 (tcf) of gas have been produced from Cambrian and Ordovician reservoirs (carbonate and sandstone) in the Ohio part of the Appalachian basin and on adjoining arches in Ohio, Indiana, and Ontario, Canada. Most of the oil and gas is concentrated in the giant Lima-Indiana field on the Findlay and Kankakee arches and in small fields distributed along the Knox unconformity. Based on new geochemical analyses of oils, potential source rocks, bitumen extracts, and previously published geochemical data, we conclude that the oils in both groups of fields originated from Middle and Upper Ordovician black shale (Utica and Antes shales) in the Appalachian basin. Moreover, we suggest that approximately 300 MMBO and many trillions of cubic feet of gas in the Lower Silurian Clinton sands of eastern Ohio originated in these same source rocks.
Oils from the Cambrian and Ordovician reservoirs have similar saturated hydrocarbon compositions, biomarker distributions, and carbon isotope signatures. Regional variations in the oils are attributed to differences in thermal maturation rather than to differences in source. Total organic carbon content, genetic potential, regional extent, and bitumen extract geochemistry identify the black shale of the Utica and Antes shales as the most plausible source of the oils. Other Cambrian and Ordovician shale and carbonate units, such as the Wells Creek formation, which rests on the Knox unconformity, and the Rome Formation and Conasauga Group in the Rome trough, are considered to be only local petroleum sources. Tmax, CAI, and pyrolysis yields from drill-hole cuttings and core indicate that the Utica Shale in eastern and central Ohio is mature with respect to oil generation. Burial, thermal, and hydrocarbon-generation history models suggest that much of the oil was generated from the Utica-Antes source in the late Paleozoic during the Alleghanian orogeny. A pervasive fracture network controlled by basement tectonics aided in the distribution of oil from the source to the trap. This fracture network permitted oil to move laterally and stratigraphically downsection through eastward-dipping, impermeable carbonate sequences to carrier zones such as the Middle Ordovician Knox unconformity, and to reservoirs such as porous dolomite in the Middle Ordovician Trenton Limestone in the Lima-Indiana field. Some of the oil and gas from the Utica-Antes source escaped vertically through a partially fractured, leaky Upper Ordovician shale seal into widespread Lower Silurian sandstone reservoirs.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK, United States","doi":"10.1306/1D9BC42B-172D-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Ryder, R.T., Burruss, R.C., and Hatch, J.R., 1998, Black shale source rocks and oil generation in the Cambrian and Ordovician of the central Appalachian Basin, USA: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 82, no. 3, p. 412-441, https://doi.org/10.1306/1D9BC42B-172D-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"412","endPage":"441","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231461,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Ohio, Ontario","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.70367437441058,\n 39.161847676110966\n ],\n [\n -83.88005376673874,\n 38.74252200514232\n ],\n [\n -83.1599561441444,\n 38.64227211891057\n ],\n [\n -82.38865974012911,\n 38.849325957871486\n ],\n [\n -81.41038430121363,\n 39.297406099259746\n ],\n [\n -80.6644029448496,\n 40.032353876452305\n ],\n [\n -80.49540711272323,\n 40.80604811875986\n ],\n [\n -79.47344729293087,\n 43.772588723474485\n ],\n [\n -81.04208676537056,\n 43.337577130469754\n ],\n [\n -82.47590595449462,\n 42.754178182808545\n ],\n [\n -83.11565831279626,\n 42.2408992907873\n ],\n [\n -83.53546282050165,\n 41.65261558342917\n ],\n [\n -84.83900205079425,\n 41.678467485609616\n ],\n [\n -84.70367437441058,\n 39.161847676110966\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f1dbe4b0c8380cd4ae72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryder, Robert T. rryder@usgs.gov","contributorId":119319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryder","given":"Robert","email":"rryder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":596,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey National Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":386967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burruss, Robert C 0000-0001-6827-804X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6827-804X","contributorId":119735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burruss","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"C","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatch, Joseph R. 0000-0001-9257-0278 jrhatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-0278","contributorId":722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Joseph","email":"jrhatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":386966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70020726,"text":"70020726 - 1998 - Gas hydrates in the Messoyakha gas field of the West Siberian Basin - A re-examination of the geologic evidence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:20","indexId":"70020726","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2060,"text":"International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gas hydrates in the Messoyakha gas field of the West Siberian Basin - A re-examination of the geologic evidence","docAbstract":"The amount of natural gas within the gas hydrate accumulations of the world is believed to greatly exceed the volume of known conventional natural gas reserves. The hydrocarbon production history of the Russian Messoyakha field, located in the West Siberian Basin, has been used as evidence that gas hydrates are an immediate source of natural gas that can be produced by conventional means. Re-examination of available geologic, geochemical and hydrocarbon production data suggests, however, that gas hydrates may not have contributed to gas production in the Messoyakha field. More field and laboratory studies are needed to assess the historical contribution of gas hydrate production in the Messoyakha field.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"10535381","usgsCitation":"Collett, T.S., and Ginsburg, G., 1998, Gas hydrates in the Messoyakha gas field of the West Siberian Basin - A re-examination of the geologic evidence: International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering, v. 8, no. 1, p. 22-29.","startPage":"22","endPage":"29","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231155,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a14d3e4b0c8380cd54bb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collett, T. S. 0000-0002-7598-4708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":86342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ginsburg, G.D.","contributorId":34276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ginsburg","given":"G.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70194347,"text":"70194347 - 1998 - Wetland connectivity and waterbird conservation in the western Great Basin of the United States: Introduction to workshop","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-26T19:15:02","indexId":"70194347","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3704,"text":"Wader Study Group Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wetland connectivity and waterbird conservation in the western Great Basin of the United States: Introduction to workshop","docAbstract":"As scientists, managers and landowners, we have come to realize that to best understand the local and regional value of individual wetlands, we need to take a broad geographic, taxonomic, and management view. In December 1994, a symposium was held in Reno, Nevada that addressed this topic for shorebirds by bringing together researchers and managers from the Western Great Basin to discuss shorebird research and management in the region (Reed et al. 1997, International Wader Studies 9). In February 1998, a similar, but broader, symposium was held in Bend, Oregon that addressed wetland connectivity and waterbird conservation in the Western Great Basin. Over 100 participants spent one day listening to talks from waterbird researchers that focused on multi-scale habitat use and movements of birds in the region. From American Avocets Recurvirostra americana to White Pelicans Pelcanus erythrorhynchos we learned of phenomenal intra-season movements throughout the Basin and the value of collecting detailed data of this nature for representative waterbirds. We learned also about the National Shorebird Conservation Plan and spent the next day in discussion groups where future research and management priorities were outlined. These discussions were the first regional planning effort for the National Plan.
","conferenceTitle":"International Wader Study Group meeting","conferenceDate":"February 1998","conferenceLocation":"Bend, OR","language":"English","publisher":"International Wader Study Group","usgsCitation":"Haig, S.M., and Oring, L.W., 1998, Wetland connectivity and waterbird conservation in the western Great Basin of the United States: Introduction to workshop: Wader Study Group Bulletin, v. 85, p. 19-20.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"20","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349315,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":349314,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://sora.unm.edu/node/121484"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Basin","volume":"85","publicComments":"This publication is the introduction to a collection of symposium abstracts, which were published as part of Volume 85 of this journal.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a612734e4b06e28e9c25ce1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oring, Lewis W.","contributorId":16757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oring","given":"Lewis","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70159918,"text":"70159918 - 1998 - Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Henslow's sparrow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-17T08:54:11","indexId":"70159918","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Henslow's sparrow","docAbstract":"Information on the habitat requirements and effects of habitat management on grassland birds were summarized from information in more than 4,000 published and unpublished papers. A range map is provided to indicate the relative densities of the species in North America, based on Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data. Although birds frequently are observed outside the breeding range indicated, the maps are intended to show areas where managers might concentrate their attention. It may be ineffectual to manage habitat at a site for a species that rarely occurs in an area. The species account begins with a brief capsule statement, which provides the fundamental components or keys to management for the species. A section on breeding range outlines the current breeding distribution of the species in North America, including areas that could not be mapped using BBS data. The suitable habitat section describes the breeding habitat and occasionally microhabitat characteristics of the species, especially those habitats that occur in the Great Plains. Details on habitat and microhabitat requirements often provide clues to how a species will respond to a particular management practice. A table near the end of the account complements the section on suitable habitat, and lists the specific habitat characteristics for the species by individual studies. A special section on prey habitat is included for those predatory species that have more specific prey requirements. The area requirements section provides details on territory and home range sizes, minimum area requirements, and the effects of patch size, edges, and other landscape and habitat features on abundance and productivity. It may be futile to manage a small block of suitable habitat for a species that has minimum area requirements that are larger than the area being managed. The Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) is an obligate brood parasite of many grassland birds. The section on cowbird brood parasitism summarizes rates of cowbird parasitism, host responses to parasitism, and factors that influence parasitism, such as nest concealment and host density. The impact of management depends, in part, upon a species’ nesting phenology and biology. The section on breeding-season phenology and site fidelity includes details on spring arrival and fall departure for migratory populations in the Great Plains, peak breeding periods, the tendency to renest after nest failure or success, and the propensity to return to a previous breeding site. The duration and timing of breeding varies among regions and years. Species’ response to management summarizes the current knowledge and major findings in the literature on the effects of different management practices on the species. The section on management recommendations complements the previous section and summarizes specific recommendations for habitat management provided in the literature. If management recommendations differ in different portions of the species’ breeding range, recommendations are given separately by region. The literature cited contains references to published and unpublished literature on the management effects and habitat requirements of the species. This section is not meant to be a complete bibliography; a searchable, annotated bibliography of published and unpublished papers dealing with habitat needs of grassland birds and their responses to habitat management is posted at the Web site mentioned below.
\nThis report has been downloaded from the Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center WorldWide Web site, www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/literatr/grasbird/grasbird.htm. Please direct comments and suggestions to Douglas H. Johnson, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 8711 37th Street SE, Jamestown, North Dakota 58401; telephone: 701- 253-5539; fax: 701-253-5553; e-mail: Douglas_H_Johnson@usgs.gov.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Jamestown, ND","doi":"10.3133/70159918","usgsCitation":"Herkert, J.R., 1998, Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Henslow's sparrow (Originally posted 1998; Revised 2002), 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70159918.","productDescription":"19 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311873,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70159918.PNG"},{"id":312415,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70159918/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"Originally posted 1998; Revised 2002","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"566175c8e4b06a3ea36c5693","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herkert, James R.","contributorId":113967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herkert","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70159923,"text":"70159923 - 1998 - Effects of management practices of grassland birds: Savannah Sparrow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-17T12:15:52","indexId":"70159923","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Effects of management practices of grassland birds: Savannah Sparrow","docAbstract":"Information on the habitat requirements and effects of habitat management on grassland birds were summarized from information in more than 4,000 published and unpublished papers. A range map is provided to indicate the relative densities of the species in North America, based on Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data. Although birds frequently are observed outside the breeding range indicated, the maps are intended to show areas where managers might concentrate their attention. It may be ineffectual to manage habitat at a site for a species that rarely occurs in an area. The species account begins with a brief capsule statement, which provides the fundamental components or keys to management for the species. A section on breeding range outlines the current breeding distribution of the species in North America, including areas that could not be mapped using BBS data. The suitable habitat section describes the breeding habitat and occasionally microhabitat characteristics of the species, especially those habitats that occur in the Great Plains. Details on habitat and microhabitat requirements often provide clues to how a species will respond to a particular management practice. A table near the end of the account complements the section on suitable habitat, and lists the specific habitat characteristics for the species by individual studies. A special section on prey habitat is included for those predatory species that have more specific prey requirements. The area requirements section provides details on territory and home range sizes, minimum area requirements, and the effects of patch size, edges, and other landscape and habitat features on abundance and productivity. It may be futile to manage a small block of suitable habitat for a species that has minimum area requirements that are larger than the area being managed. The Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) is an obligate brood parasite of many grassland birds. The section on cowbird brood parasitism summarizes rates of cowbird parasitism, host responses to parasitism, and factors that influence parasitism, such as nest concealment and host density. The impact of management depends, in part, upon a species’ nesting phenology and biology. The section on breeding-season phenology and site fidelity includes details on spring arrival and fall departure for migratory populations in the Great Plains, peak breeding periods, the tendency to renest after nest failure or success, and the propensity to return to a previous breeding site. The duration and timing of breeding varies among regions and years. Species’ response to management summarizes the current knowledge and major findings in the literature on the effects of different management practices on the species. The section on management recommendations complements the previous section and summarizes specific recommendations for habitat management provided in the literature. If management recommendations differ in different portions of the species’ breeding range, recommendations are given separately by region. The literature cited contains references to published and unpublished literature on the management effects and habitat requirements of the species. This section is not meant to be a complete bibliography; a searchable, annotated bibliography of published and unpublished papers dealing with habitat needs of grassland birds and their responses to habitat management is posted at the Web site mentioned below.
\nThis report has been downloaded from the Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center WorldWide Web site, www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/literatr/grasbird/grasbird.htm. Please direct comments and suggestions to Douglas H. Johnson, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 8711 37th Street SE, Jamestown, North Dakota 58401; telephone: 701- 253-5539; fax: 701-253-5553; e-mail: Douglas_H_Johnson@usgs.gov.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Jamestown, ND","doi":"10.3133/70159923","usgsCitation":"Swanson, D.A., 1998, Effects of management practices of grassland birds: Savannah Sparrow (Originally posted 1998; Revised 2002), 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70159923.","productDescription":"27 p.","numberOfPages":"31","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311876,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70159923.PNG"},{"id":312443,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70159923/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"Originally posted 1998; Revised 2002","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"566175c7e4b06a3ea36c568e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swanson, David A.","contributorId":27203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swanson","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":581068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70764,"text":"ofr9898 - 1998 - A workbook for preparing a district quality- assurance plan for water-quality activities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:44","indexId":"ofr9898","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-98","title":"A workbook for preparing a district quality- assurance plan for water-quality activities","docAbstract":"APPEARS TO BE A REPORT ON HOW TO WRITE REPORTS --THE 'ABSTRACT' THAT FOLLOWS IS JUST THE GENERIC ABSTRACT TO BE USED FOR WATER USE REPORTS: In accordance with guidelines set forth by the Office of Water Quality in the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, a quality-assurance plan has been created for use by the [State name] District in conducting water-quality activities. This quality-assurance plan documents the standards, policies, and procedures used by the [State name] District for activities related to the collection, processing, storage, analysis, and publication of water-quality data. The policies and procedures that are documented in this quality-assurance plan for water-quality activities are meant to complement the District quality-assurance plans for surface-water and ground-water activities and to supplement the [State name] District quality-assurance plan.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr9898","usgsCitation":"Schertz, T.L., Childress, C.J., Kelly, V.J., Boucher, M.S., and Pederson, G.L., 1998, A workbook for preparing a district quality- assurance plan for water-quality activities (Revised June 2002): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-98, 75 p., ill., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9898.","productDescription":"75 p., ill.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":6595,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/owq/QAfolder/QA.index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":185574,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"edition":"Revised June 2002","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4d5d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schertz, Terry L. tschertz@usgs.gov","contributorId":188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schertz","given":"Terry","email":"tschertz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":283001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Childress, Carolyn J.O.","contributorId":43044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Childress","given":"Carolyn","email":"","middleInitial":"J.O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":283003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kelly, Valerie J. vjkelly@usgs.gov","contributorId":4161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelly","given":"Valerie","email":"vjkelly@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":283002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boucher, Michelle S.","contributorId":71192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boucher","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":283004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pederson, Gary L.","contributorId":81084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pederson","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":283005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":93874,"text":"93874 - 1998 - Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Le Conte's Sparrow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-16T18:24:54.882932","indexId":"93874","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Le Conte's Sparrow","docAbstract":"Information on the habitat requirements and effects of habitat management on grassland birds were summarized from information in more than 4,000 published and unpublished papers. A range map is provided to indicate the relative densities of the species in North America, based on Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data. Although birds frequently are observed outside the breeding range indicated, the maps are intended to show areas where managers might concentrate their attention. It may be ineffectual to manage habitat at a site for a species that rarely occurs in an area. The species account begins with a brief capsule statement, which provides the fundamental components or keys to management for the species. A section on breeding range outlines the current breeding distribution of the species in North America, including areas that could not be mapped using BBS data. The suitable habitat section describes the breeding habitat and occasionally microhabitat characteristics of the species, especially those habitats that occur in the Great Plains. Details on habitat and microhabitat requirements often provide clues to how a species will respond to a particular management practice. A table near the end of the account complements the section on suitable habitat, and lists the specific habitat characteristics for the species by individual studies. A special section on prey habitat is included for those predatory species that have more specific prey requirements. The area requirements section provides details on territory and home range sizes, minimum area requirements, and the effects of patch size, edges, and other landscape and habitat features on abundance and productivity. It may be futile to manage a small block of suitable habitat for a species that has minimum area requirements that are larger than the area being managed. The Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) is an obligate brood parasite of many grassland birds. The section on cowbird brood parasitism summarizes rates of cowbird parasitism, host responses to parasitism, and factors that influence parasitism, such as nest concealment and host density. The impact of management depends, in part, upon a species’ nesting phenology and biology. The section on breeding-season phenology and site fidelity includes details on spring arrival and fall departure for migratory populations in the Great Plains, peak breeding periods, the tendency to renest after nest failure or success, and the propensity to return to a previous breeding site. The duration and timing of breeding varies among regions and years. Species’ response to management summarizes the current knowledge and major findings in the literature on the effects of different management practices on the species. The section on management recommendations complements the previous section and summarizes specific recommendations for habitat management provided in the literature. If management recommendations differ in different portions of the species’ breeding range, recommendations are given separately by region. The literature cited contains references to published and unpublished literature on the management effects and habitat requirements of the species. This section is not meant to be a complete bibliography; a searchable, annotated bibliography of published and unpublished papers dealing with habitat needs of grassland birds and their responses to habitat management is posted at the Web site mentioned below.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Effects of management practices on grassland birds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Research Center","publisherLocation":"Jamestown, ND","doi":"10.3133/93874","usgsCitation":"Dechant, J., Sondreal, M.L., Johnson, D.H., Igl, L.D., Goldade, C.M., Zimmerman, A., and Euliss, B., 1998, Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Le Conte's Sparrow (Originally posted 1998; Revised 2002), 13 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/93874.","productDescription":"13 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":128459,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/93874.PNG"},{"id":312419,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/93874/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"Originally posted 1998; Revised 2002","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611bcd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dechant, Jill A. 0000-0003-3172-0708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3172-0708","contributorId":103984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dechant","given":"Jill A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":298182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sondreal, Marriah L.","contributorId":215631,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sondreal","given":"Marriah","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":39297,"text":"former U.S. Geological Survey employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":298180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641 douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":1387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":298179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Igl, Lawrence D. 0000-0003-0530-7266 ligl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-7266","contributorId":2381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Igl","given":"Lawrence","email":"ligl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":298177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goldade, Christopher M.","contributorId":215632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goldade","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":39297,"text":"former U.S. Geological Survey employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":298181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zimmerman, Amy L.","contributorId":69087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Amy L.","affiliations":[{"id":39297,"text":"former U.S. Geological Survey employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":298178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Euliss, Betty R.","contributorId":58218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Euliss","given":"Betty R.","affiliations":[{"id":39297,"text":"former U.S. Geological Survey employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":298183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70020420,"text":"70020420 - 1998 - Key areas for wintering North American herons","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:17","indexId":"70020420","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Key areas for wintering North American herons","docAbstract":"Nearly all North American heron populations are migratory, but details of where they winter are little known. Locations where North American herons winter were identified using banding recovery data. North American herons winter from Canada through northern South America but especially in eastern North America south of New York, Florida, California, Louisiana, Texas, Mexico and Cuba, these areas accounting for 63% of winter recoveries. We identified regions where recoveries for various species clustered as \"key areas.\" These forty-three areas constitute a network of areas that hold sites that likely are important to wintering North American herons. Within each area, we identify specific sites that are potentially important to wintering herons. The relative importance of each area and site within the network must be evaluated by further on the ground inventory. Because of biases inherent in the available data, these hypothesized key areas are indicative rather than exhaustive. As a first cut, this network of areas can serve to inform further inventory activities and can provide an initial basis to begin planning for the year-round conservation of North American heron populations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterbirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"07386028","usgsCitation":"Mikuska, T., Kushlan, J., and Hartley, S., 1998, Key areas for wintering North American herons: Waterbirds, v. 21, no. 2, p. 125-134.","startPage":"125","endPage":"134","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231057,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4079e4b0c8380cd64dc2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mikuska, T.","contributorId":12593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mikuska","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kushlan, J.A.","contributorId":18301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kushlan","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hartley, S. 0000-0003-1380-2769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1380-2769","contributorId":21663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartley","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70020616,"text":"70020616 - 1998 - Hydrologic and water-chemistry data from the Cretaceous-aquifers test well (BFT-2055), Beaufort County, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-30T10:21:11","indexId":"70020616","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3443,"text":"Southeastern Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrologic and water-chemistry data from the Cretaceous-aquifers test well (BFT-2055), Beaufort County, South Carolina","docAbstract":"Test well BFT-2055 was drilled through the entire thickness of Coastal Plain sediments beneath central Hilton Head Island, South Carolina, and terminated in bedrock at a depth of 3833 feet. The well was drilled to evaluate the hydraulic properties of the Cretaceous formations beneath Hilton Head Island as a potential source of supplemental water to supplies currently withdrawn from the Upper Floridan aquifer. The intervals tested include sediments of the Cape Fear and Middendorf Formations. Results from aquifer tests indicate that the transmissivity of the formations screened ranges from 1300 to 3000 feet squared per day and an average hydraulic conductivity of about 15 feet per day. Formation-fluid pressure tests indicate that the potential exists for upward ground-water flow from higher fluid pressures in the deeper Cape Fear and Middendorf Formations to lower fluid pressures in the Black Creek Formation and shallower units. A flowmeter test indicated that greater than 75 percent of the natural, unpumped flow in the well is from the screened intervals no deeper than 3100 feet. Water-chemistry analyses indicate that the water sampled from the Middendorf and Cape Fear has about 1450 milligrams per liter dissolved solids, 310 to 1000 milligrams per liter sodium, and 144 to 1600 milligrams per liter chloride. Because these chloride concentrations would render water pumped from these aquifers as nonpotable, it is unlikely that these aquifers will be used as a supplemental source of water for island residents without some form of pretreatment. Similar chloride concentrations are present in some wells in the Upper Floridan aquifer adjacent to Port Royal Sound, and these chloride concentrations were the primary reason for drilling the test well in the Cretaceous formations as a possible source of more potable water.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southeastern Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00383678","usgsCitation":"Landmeyer, J., and Bradley, P., 1998, Hydrologic and water-chemistry data from the Cretaceous-aquifers test well (BFT-2055), Beaufort County, South Carolina: Southeastern Geology, v. 37, no. 3, p. 141-148.","startPage":"141","endPage":"148","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231108,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","county":"Beaufort County","volume":"37","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a355de4b0c8380cd5fe61","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Landmeyer, J. E.","contributorId":91140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landmeyer","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradley, P. M. 0000-0001-7522-8606","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":29465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70020612,"text":"70020612 - 1998 - Does survey method bias the description of northern goshawk nest-site structure?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:47","indexId":"70020612","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does survey method bias the description of northern goshawk nest-site structure?","docAbstract":"Past studies on the nesting habitat of northern goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) often relied on nests found opportunistically, either during timber-sale operations, by searching apparently 'good' goshawk habitat, or by other search methods where areas were preselected based on known forest conditions. Therefore, a bias in the characterization of habitat surrounding northern goshawk nest sites may exist toward late-forest structure (large trees, high canopy closure). This potential problem has confounded interpretation of data on nesting habitat of northern goshawks and added to uncertainty in the review process to consider the species for federal listing as threatened or endangered. Systematic survey methods, which strive for complete coverage of an area and often use broadcasts of conspecific calls, have been developed to overcome these potential biases, but no study has compared habitat characteristics around nests found opportunistically with those found systematically. We compared habitat characteristics in a 0.4-ha area around nests found systematically (n = 27) versus those found opportunistically (n = 22) on 3 national forests in eastern Oregon. We found that both density of large trees (systematic: x?? = 16.4 ?? 3.1 trees/ha; x?? ?? SE; opportunistic: x?? = 21.3 ?? 3.2; P = 0.56) and canopy closure (systematic: x?? = 72 ?? 2%; opportunistic: x?? = 70 ?? 2%; P = 0.61) were similar around nests found with either search method. Our results diminish concern that past survey methods mischaracterized northern goshawk nest-site structure. However, because northern goshawks nest in a variety of forest cover types with a wide range of structural characteristics, these results do not decrease the value of systematic survey methods in determining the most representative habitat descriptions for northern goshawks. Rigorous survey protocols allow repeatability and comparability of monitoring efforts and results over time.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Wildlife Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Daw, S., DeStefano, S., and Steidl, R., 1998, Does survey method bias the description of northern goshawk nest-site structure?: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 62, no. 4, p. 1379-1384.","startPage":"1379","endPage":"1384","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231033,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0398e4b0c8380cd5056b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Daw, S.K.","contributorId":20501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daw","given":"S.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeStefano, S.","contributorId":84309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeStefano","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Steidl, R.J.","contributorId":16383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steidl","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70020705,"text":"70020705 - 1998 - Heat flow and thermal history of the Anadarko basin, Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:17","indexId":"70020705","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Heat flow and thermal history of the Anadarko basin, Oklahoma","docAbstract":"New heat-flow values for seven sites in the Anadarko basin, Oklahoma, were determined using high-precision temperature logs and thermal conductivity measurements from nearly 300 core plugs. Three of the sites are on the northern shelf, three sites are in the deep basin, and one site is in the frontal fault zone of the northern Wichita Mountains. The heat flow decreased from 55 to 64 mW/m2 in the north, and from 39 to 54 mW/m2 in the south, due to a decrease in heat generation in the underlying basement rock toward the south. Lateral lithologic changes in the basin, combined with the change in heat flow across the basin, resulted in an unusual pattern of thermal maturity. The vitrinite reflectance values of the Upper Devonian-Lower Mississippian Woodford formation are highest 30-40 km north-northwest of the deepest part of the basin. The offset in highest reflectance values is due to the contrast in thermal conductivity between the Pennsylvanian \"granite wash\" section adjacent to the Wichita uplift and the Pennsylvanian shale section to the north. The geothermal gradient in the low-conductivity shale section is elevated relative to the geothermal gradient in the high-conductivity \"granite wash\" section, thus displacing the highest temperatures to the north of the deepest part of the basin. Apatite fission-track, vitrinite reflectance, and heat-flow data were used to constrain regional aspects of the burial history of the Anadarko basin. By combining these data sets, we infer that at least 1.5 km of denudation has occurred at two sites in the deep Anadarko basin since the early to middle Cenozoic (40 ?? 10 m.y.). The timing of the onset of denudation in the southern Anadarko basin coincides with the period of late Eocene erosion observed in the southern Rocky Mountains and in the northern Great Plains. Burial history models for two wells from the deep Anadarko basin predict that shales of the Woodford formation passed through the hydrocarbon maturity window by the end of the Permian section in the deep basin moved into the hydrocarbon maturity window during Mesozoic burial of the region. Presently, the depth interval of the main zone of oil maturation (% Ro = 0.7-0.9) is approximately 2800-3800 m in the eastern deep basin basin and 2200-3000 m in the western deep basin. The greater depth to the top of the oil maturity zone and larger depth range of the zone in the eastern part of the deep basin are due to the lower heat flow associated with more mafic basement toward the east. The burial history model for the northern shelf indicates that the Woodford formation has been in the early oil maturity zone since the Early Permian.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"01491423","usgsCitation":"Carter, L., Kelley, S., Blackwell, D., and Naeser, N.D., 1998, Heat flow and thermal history of the Anadarko basin, Oklahoma: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 82, no. 2, p. 291-316.","startPage":"291","endPage":"316","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231425,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2ffbe4b0c8380cd5d28b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, L.S.","contributorId":77699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"L.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelley, S.A.","contributorId":31151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blackwell, D.D.","contributorId":20905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackwell","given":"D.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Naeser, N. D.","contributorId":74510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naeser","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70020519,"text":"70020519 - 1998 - The National Water Data Exchange-capabilities and trends in the dissemination and exchange of water data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:17","indexId":"70020519","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1934,"text":"IAHS-AISH Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The National Water Data Exchange-capabilities and trends in the dissemination and exchange of water data","docAbstract":"This paper discusses the programmes of the National Water Data Exchange (NAWDEX) in providing access to US Geological Survey (USGS) water data and water-related information. NAWDEX dissseminates water data and water-related information by working cooperatively through a network of 68 Assistance Centers to more than 430 member organizations. In addition, NAWDEX provides access to the USGS Water Data Storage System (WATSTORE) and the US Environmental Protection Agency's Storage and Retrieval System (STORET). Recently, the trend has been to make water resources data available over the World Wide Web on the Internet. The NAWDEX homepage, located at Uniform Resource Locator http://h2o.er.usgs.gov/public/nawdex/nawdex.html, provides links to (a) Selected Water Resources Abstracts; (b) National Water Conditions Report; (c) historical streamflow data: and (d) real-time streamflow conditions. NAWDEX also transfers data to users over the Internet through the file transfer protocol (FTP).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"IAHS-AISH Publication","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"IAHS","publisherLocation":"Wallingford, United Kingdom","issn":"01447815","usgsCitation":"Burton, J., 1998, The National Water Data Exchange-capabilities and trends in the dissemination and exchange of water data: IAHS-AISH Publication, no. 253, p. 237-248.","startPage":"237","endPage":"248","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231303,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"253","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba841e4b08c986b321ae4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burton, J.S.","contributorId":36549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70019788,"text":"70019788 - 1998 - Oyster resource zones of the Barataria and Terrebonne estuaries of Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:19","indexId":"70019788","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2455,"text":"Journal of Shellfish Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oyster resource zones of the Barataria and Terrebonne estuaries of Louisiana","docAbstract":"A 1:100,000 scale map delineating the subtidal oyster resource zones within the Barataria and Terrebonne estuaries was developed. Strategies to accomplish the task included interviews with Louisiana oystermen and state biologists to develop a draft map, field sampling to document oyster (Crassostrea virginica), Dermo (Perkinsus marinus), and oyster drill (Stramonita haemastoma) abundances, use of historical salinity data to aid in map verification, and public meetings to allow comment on a draft before final map preparation. Four oyster resource zones were delineated on the final map: a dry zone where subtidal oysters may be found when salinities increase, a wet zone where subtidal oysters may be found when salinities are suppressed, a wet-dry zone where subtidal oysters may be consistently found due to favorable salinities, and a high-salinity zone where natural oyster populations are predominantly found in intertidal and shallow waters. The dry zone is largely coincident with the brackish-marsh habitat, with some intermediate-type marsh. The wet-dry zone is found at the interface of the brackish and saline marshes, but extends further seaward than up-estuary. The wet zone and the high salinity zones are areas of mostly open water fringed by salt marshes. The dry zone encompasses 91,775 hectares, of which 48,788 hectares are water (53%). The wet zone encompasses 83,525 hectares, of which 66,958 hectares are water (80%). The wet-dry zone encompasses 171,893 hectares, of which 104,733 hectares are water (61%). The high salinity zone encompasses 125,705 hectares, of which 113,369 hectares are water (90%). There is a clear trend of increasing water habitat in the four zones over the past 30 years, and oysters are now cultivated on bottoms that were once marsh. The map should be useful in managing the effects upon oysters of freshwater diversions into the estuaries. It provides a pre-diversion record of the location of oyster resource zones and should prove helpful in the seaward relocation of oysters leases.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Shellfish Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"07308000","usgsCitation":"Melancon, E., Soniat, T., Cheramie, V., Dugas, R., Barras, J., and Lagarde, M., 1998, Oyster resource zones of the Barataria and Terrebonne estuaries of Louisiana: Journal of Shellfish Research, v. 17, no. 4, p. 1143-1148.","startPage":"1143","endPage":"1148","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228176,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a72d0e4b0c8380cd76cf2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Melancon, E. Jr.","contributorId":42732,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melancon","given":"E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Soniat, T.","contributorId":72148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Soniat","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cheramie, V.","contributorId":33865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheramie","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dugas, R.","contributorId":54360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dugas","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barras, J.","contributorId":35488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barras","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lagarde, M.","contributorId":42733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lagarde","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70019796,"text":"70019796 - 1998 - Analysis of simulated advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection (ASTER) radiometer data of the Iron Hill, Colorado, study area for mapping lithologies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-02T15:33:38.22959","indexId":"70019796","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2316,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of simulated advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection (ASTER) radiometer data of the Iron Hill, Colorado, study area for mapping lithologies","docAbstract":"The advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection (ASTER) radiometer was designed to record reflected energy in nine channels with 15 or 30 m resolution, including stereoscopic images, and emitted energy in five channels with 90 m resolution from the NASA Earth Observing System AMI platform. A simulated ASTER data set was produced for the Iron Hill, Colorado, study area by resampling calibrated, registered airborne visible/infrared imaging spectrometer (AVIRIS) data, and thermal infrared multispectral scanner (TIMS) data to the appropriate spatial and spectral parameters. A digital elevation model was obtained to simulate ASTER-derived topographic data. The main lithologic units in the area are granitic rocks and felsite into which a carbonatite stock and associated alkalic igneous rocks were intruded; these rocks are locally covered by Jurassic sandstone, Tertiary rhyolitic tuff, and colluvial deposits. Several methods were evaluated for mapping the main lithologic units, including the unsupervised classification and spectral curve-matching techniques. In the five thermalinfrared (TIR) channels, comparison of the results of linear spectral unmixing and unsupervised classification with published geologic maps showed that the main lithologic units were mapped, but large areas with moderate to dense tree cover were not mapped in the TIR data. Compared to TIMS data, simulated ASTER data permitted slightly less discrimination in the mafic alkalic rock series, and carbonatite was not mapped in the TIMS nor in the simulated ASTER TIR data. In the nine visible and near-infrared channels, unsupervised classification did not yield useful results, but both the spectral linear unmixing and the matched filter techniques produced useful results, including mapping calcitic and dolomitic carbonatite exposures, travertine in hot spring deposits, kaolinite in argillized sandstone and tuff, and muscovite in sericitized granite and felsite, as well as commonly occurring illite/muscovite. However, the distinction made in AVIRIS data between calcite and dolomite was not consistently feasible in the simulated ASTER data. Comparison of the lithologie information produced by spectral analysis of the simulated ASTER data to a photogeologic interpretation of a simulated ASTER color image illustrates the high potential of spectral analysis of ASTER data to geologic interpretation.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/98JD02118","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Rowan, L.C., 1998, Analysis of simulated advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection (ASTER) radiometer data of the Iron Hill, Colorado, study area for mapping lithologies: Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, v. 103, no. D24, p. 32291-32306, https://doi.org/10.1029/98JD02118.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"32291","endPage":"32306","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479823,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/98jd02118","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":227687,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"103","issue":"D24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb30e4b0c8380cd48c8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowan, L. C.","contributorId":40584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowan","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70020130,"text":"70020130 - 1998 - Regionalization of precipitation characteristics in Montana using L-moments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-01T16:09:46.918438","indexId":"70020130","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3647,"text":"Transportation Research Record","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regionalization of precipitation characteristics in Montana using L-moments","docAbstract":"Dimensionless precipitation-frequency curves for estimating precipitation depths having small exceedance probabilities were developed for 2-, 6-, and 24-hour storm durations for three homogeneous regions in Montana. L-moment statistics were used to help define the homogeneous regions. The generalized extreme value distribution was used to construct the frequency curves for each duration within each region. The effective record length for each duration in each region was estimated using a graphical method and was found to range from 500 years for 6-hour duration data in Region 2 to 5,100 years for 24-hour duration data in Region 3. The temporal characteristics of storms were analyzed, and methods for estimating synthetic storm hyetographs were developed. Dimensionless depth-duration data were grouped by independent duration (2, 6, and 24 hours) and by region, and the beta distribution was fit to dimensionless depth data for various incremental time intervals. Ordinary least-squares regression was used to develop relations between dimensionless depths for a key, short duration—termed the kernel duration—and dimensionless depths for other durations. The regression relations were used, together with the probabilistic dimensionless depth data for the kernel duration, to calculate dimensionless depth-duration curves for exceedance probabilities from .1 to .9. Dimensionless storm hyetographs for each independent duration in each region were constructed for median value conditions based on an exceedance probability of .5.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.3141/1647-06","issn":"03611981","usgsCitation":"Parrett, C., 1998, Regionalization of precipitation characteristics in Montana using L-moments: Transportation Research Record, v. 1647, no. 1, p. 43-52, https://doi.org/10.3141/1647-06.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"52","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227869,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.00740965823002,\n 48.997475327628905\n ],\n [\n -116.1125230650945,\n 48.101129731356835\n ],\n [\n -114.65654820719288,\n 45.59696530186227\n ],\n [\n -113.44841301400788,\n 44.381503081195234\n ],\n [\n -111.11484302399928,\n 44.50670930070478\n ],\n [\n -110.9703879589953,\n 44.94974414709357\n ],\n [\n -104.10350153767746,\n 44.954221683738865\n ],\n [\n -104.10350153767746,\n 48.997475327628905\n ],\n [\n -116.00740965823002,\n 48.997475327628905\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1647","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a5ace4b0e8fec6cdbedc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parrett, C.","contributorId":43400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrett","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70020147,"text":"70020147 - 1998 - Seismic-reflection evidence that the hayward fault extends into the lower crust of the San Francisco Bay Area, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-22T13:22:42.695706","indexId":"70020147","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic-reflection evidence that the hayward fault extends into the lower crust of the San Francisco Bay Area, California","docAbstract":"This article presents deep seismic-reflection data from an experiment across San Francisco Peninsula in 1995 using large (125 to 500 kg) explosive sources. Shot gathers show a mostly nonreflective upper crust in both the Franciscan and Salinian terranes (juxtaposed across the San Andreas fault), an onset of weak lower-crustal reflectivity beginning at about 6-sec two-way travel time (TWTT) and bright southwest-dipping reflections between 11 and 13 sec TWTT. Previous studies have shown that the Moho in this area is no deeper than 25 km (∼8 to 9 sec TWTT). Three-dimensional reflection travel-time modeling of the 11 to 13 sec events from the shot gathers indicates that the bright events may be explained by reflectors 15 to 20 km into the upper mantle, northeast of the San Andreas fault. However, upper mantle reflections from these depths were not observed on marine-reflection profiles collected in San Francisco Bay, nor were they reported from a refraction prifile on San Francisco Peninsula. The most consistent interpretation of these events from 2D raytracing and 3D travel-time modeling is that they are out-of-plane reflections from a high-angle (dipping ∼70° to the southwest) impedance contrast in the lower crust that corresponds with the surface trace of the Hayward fault. These results suggest that the Hayward fault truncates the horizontal detachment fault suggested to be active beneath San Francisco Bay.
A major environmental restoration effort is under way that will affect the Everglades and its neighboring ecosystems in southern Florida. Ecosystem and population-level modeling is being used to help in the planning and evaluation of this restoration. The specific objective of one of these modeling approaches, the Across Trophic Level System Simulation (ATLSS), is to predict the responses of a suite of higher trophic level species to several proposed alterations in Everglades hydrology. These include several species of wading birds, the snail kite, Cape Sable seaside sparrow, Florida panther, white-tailed deer, American alligator, and American crocodile. ATLSS is an ecosystem landscape-modeling approach and uses Geographic Information System (GIS) vegetation data and existing hydrology models for South Florida to provide the basic landscape for these species. A method of pseudotopography provides estimates of water depths through time at 28 ?? 28-m resolution across the landscape of southern Florida. Hydrologic model output drives models of habitat and prey availability for the higher trophic level species. Spatially explicit, individual-based computer models simulate these species. ATLSS simulations can compare the landscape dynamic spatial pattern of the species resulting from different proposed water management strategies. Here we compare the predicted effects of one possible change in water management in South Florida with the base case of no change. Preliminary model results predict substantial differences between these alternatives in some biotic spatial patterns. ?? 1998 Springer-Verlag.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s100219900006","usgsCitation":"DeAngelis, D., Gross, L., Huston, M., Wolff, W., Fleming, D.M., Comiskey, E., and Sylvester, S., 1998, Landscape modeling for Everglades ecosystem restoration: Ecosystems, v. 1, no. 1, p. 64-75, https://doi.org/10.1007/s100219900006.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"64","endPage":"75","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231092,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Everglades","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.82617187499999,\n 25.095548539604252\n ],\n [\n -79.95849609375,\n 25.095548539604252\n ],\n [\n -79.95849609375,\n 26.007424156802212\n ],\n [\n -81.82617187499999,\n 26.007424156802212\n ],\n [\n -81.82617187499999,\n 25.095548539604252\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4416e4b0c8380cd66842","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeAngelis, D.L. 0000-0002-1570-4057","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":32470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"D.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gross, L.J.","contributorId":65030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huston, M.A.","contributorId":28564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huston","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wolff, W.F.","contributorId":36493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolff","given":"W.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fleming, D. M.","contributorId":72970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Comiskey, E.J.","contributorId":19903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Comiskey","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sylvester, S.M.","contributorId":80852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sylvester","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70020217,"text":"70020217 - 1998 - Measurement of stream channel habitat using sonar","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-23T14:27:30","indexId":"70020217","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3246,"text":"Regulated Rivers: Research & Management","printIssn":"0886-9375","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Measurement of stream channel habitat using sonar","docAbstract":"An efficient and low cost technique using a sonar system was evaluated for describing channel geometry and quantifying inundated area in a large river. The boat-mounted portable sonar equipment was used to record water depths and river width measurements for direct storage on a laptop computer. The field data collected from repeated traverses at a cross-section were evaluated to determine the precision of the system and field technique. Results from validation at two different sites showed average sample standard deviations (S.D.s) of 0.12 m for these complete cross-sections, with coefficient of variations of 10%. Validation using only the mid-channel river cross-section data yields an average sample S.D. of 0.05 m, with a coefficient of variation below 5%, at a stable and gauged river site using only measurements of water depths greater than 0.6 m. Accuracy of the sonar system was evaluated by comparison to traditionally surveyed transect data from a regularly gauged site. We observed an average mean squared deviation of 46.0 cm2, considering only that portion of the cross-section inundated by more than 0.6 m of water. Our procedure proved to be a reliable, accurate, safe, quick, and economic method to record river depths, discharges, bed conditions, and substratum composition necessary for stream habitat studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1646(1998110)14:6<511::AID-RRR517>3.0.CO;2-7","usgsCitation":"Flug, M., Seitz, H., and Scott, J., 1998, Measurement of stream channel habitat using sonar: Regulated Rivers: Research & Management, v. 14, no. 6, p. 511-517, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1646(1998110)14:6<511::AID-RRR517>3.0.CO;2-7.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"511","endPage":"517","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5317e4b0c8380cd6c885","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flug, Marshall","contributorId":102014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flug","given":"Marshall","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seitz, Heather","contributorId":54189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seitz","given":"Heather","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott, John","contributorId":54157,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott","given":"John","affiliations":[{"id":17860,"text":"Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":385426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70020334,"text":"70020334 - 1998 - Re-Os ages for Archean molybdenite and pyrite, Kuittila-Kivisuo, Finland and Proterozoic molybdenite, Kabeliai, Lithuania: Testing the chronometer in a metamorphic and metasomatic setting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T14:22:10","indexId":"70020334","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2746,"text":"Mineralium Deposita","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Re-Os ages for Archean molybdenite and pyrite, Kuittila-Kivisuo, Finland and Proterozoic molybdenite, Kabeliai, Lithuania: Testing the chronometer in a metamorphic and metasomatic setting","docAbstract":"Seven 187Re-187Os ages were determined for molybdenite and pyrite samples from two well-dated Precambrian intrusions in Fennoscandia to examine the sustainability of the Re-Os chronometer in a metamorphic and metasomatic setting. Using a new 187Re decay constant (1.666 x 10-11y-1) with a much improved uncertainty (±0.31%), we determined replicate Re-Os ages for molybdenite and pyrite from the Kuittila and Kivisuo prospects in easternmost Finland and for molybdenite from the Kabeliai prospect in southernmost Lithuania. These two localities contain some of the oldest and youngest plutonic activity in Fennoscandia and are associated with newly discovered economic Au mineralization (Ilomantsi, Finland) and a Cu-Mo prospect (Kabeliai, Lithuania). Two Re-Os ages for veinhosted Kabeliai molybdenite average 1486 ± 5 Ma, in excellent agreement with a 1505 ± 11 Ma U-Pb zircon age for the hosting Kabeliai granite pluton. The slightly younger age suggests the introduction of Cu-Mo mineralization by a later phase of the Kabeliai magmatic system. Mean Re-Os ages of 2778 ± 8 Ma and 2781 ± 8 Ma for Kuittila and Kivisuo molybdenites, respectively, are in reasonable agreement with a 2753 ± 5 Ma weighted mean U-Pb zircon age for hosting Kuittila tonalite. These Re-Os ages agree well with less precise ages of 2789 ± 290 Ma for a Rb-Sr whole-rock isochron and 2771 ± 75 Ma for the average of six Sm-Nd T(DM) model ages for Kuittila tonalite. Three Re-Os analyses of a single pyrite mineral separate, from the same sample of Kuittila pluton that yielded a molybdenite separate, provide individual model ages of 2710 ± 27, 2777 ± 28, and 2830 ± 28 Ma (Re = 17.4, 12.1, and 8.4 ppb, respectively), with a mean value of 2770 ± 120 Ma in agreement with the Kuittila molybdenite age. The Re and 187Os abundances in these three pyrite splits are highly correlated (r = 0.9994), and provide a 187Re-187Os isochron age of 2607 ± 47 Ma with an intercept of 21 ppt 187Os (MSWD = 1.1). It appears that the Re-Os isotopic system in pyrite has been reset on the millimeter scale and that the 21 ppt 187Os intercept reflects the in situ decay of 187Re during the ~160 to 170 m.y. interval from ~2778 Ma (time of molybdenite ± pyrite deposition) to ~2607 Ma (time of pyrite resetting). When the Re-Os data for molybdenites from the nearby Kivisuo prospect are plotted together with the Kuittila molybdenite and pyrite data, a well-constrained five-point isochron with an age of 2780 ± 8 Ma and a 187Os intercept (-2.4 ± 3.8 ppt) of essentially zero results (MSWD = 1.5). We suggest that the pyrite isochron age records a regional metamorphic and/or hydrothermal event, possibly the time of Au mineralization. A proposed Re-Os age of ~2607 Ma for Au mineralization is in good agreement with radiometric ages by other methods that address the timing of Archean Au mineralization in deposits worldwide (so-called 'late Au model'). Molybdenite, in contrast, provides a robust Re-Os chronometer, retaining its original formation age of ~2780 Ma, despite subsequent metamorphic disturbances in Archean and Proterozoic time.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mineralium Deposita","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/s001260050153","issn":"00264598","usgsCitation":"Stein, H.J., Sundblad, K., Markey, R., Morgan, J.W., and Motuza, G., 1998, Re-Os ages for Archean molybdenite and pyrite, Kuittila-Kivisuo, Finland and Proterozoic molybdenite, Kabeliai, Lithuania: Testing the chronometer in a metamorphic and metasomatic setting: Mineralium Deposita, v. 33, no. 4, p. 329-345, https://doi.org/10.1007/s001260050153.","startPage":"329","endPage":"345","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230895,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206835,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001260050153"}],"volume":"33","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9568e4b0c8380cd819c2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stein, H. J.","contributorId":98748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sundblad, K.","contributorId":45858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sundblad","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385865,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Markey, R.J.","contributorId":49954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markey","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morgan, J. W.","contributorId":92384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Motuza, G.","contributorId":36707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Motuza","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385864,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":1004019,"text":"1004019 - 1998 - Three closely related herpesviruses are associated with fibropapillomatosis in marine turtles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-04T09:53:49","indexId":"1004019","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3696,"text":"Virology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Three closely related herpesviruses are associated with fibropapillomatosis in marine turtles","docAbstract":"Green turtle fibropapillomatosis is a neoplastic disease of increasingly significant threat to the survivability of this species. Degenerate PCR primers that target highly conserved regions of genes encoding herpesvirus DNA polymerases were used to amplify a DNA sequence from fibropapillomas and fibromas from Hawaiian and Florida green turtles. All of the tumors tested (n= 23) were found to harbor viral DNA, whereas no viral DNA was detected in skin biopsies from tumor-negative turtles. The tissue distribution of the green turtle herpesvirus appears to be generally limited to tumors where viral DNA was found to accumulate at approximately two to five copies per cell and is occasionally detected, only by PCR, in some tissues normally associated with tumor development. In addition, herpesviral DNA was detected in fibropapillomas from two loggerhead and four olive ridley turtles. Nucleotide sequencing of a 483-bp fragment of the turtle herpesvirus DNA polymerase gene determined that the Florida green turtle and loggerhead turtle sequences are identical and differ from the Hawaiian green turtle sequence by five nucleotide changes, which results in two amino acid substitutions. The olive ridley sequence differs from the Florida and Hawaiian green turtle sequences by 15 and 16 nucleotide changes, respectively, resulting in four amino acid substitutions, three of which are unique to the olive ridley sequence. Our data suggest that these closely related turtle herpesviruses are intimately involved in the genesis of fibropapillomatosis.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1006/viro.1998.9207","usgsCitation":"Quackenbush, S., Work, T.M., Balazs, G.H., Casey, R.N., Rovnak, J., Chaves, A., duToit, L., Baines, J., Parrish, C., Bowser, P., and Casey, J.W., 1998, Three closely related herpesviruses are associated with fibropapillomatosis in marine turtles: Virology, v. 246, no. 2, p. 392-399, https://doi.org/10.1006/viro.1998.9207.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"392","endPage":"399","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479880,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1006/viro.1998.9207","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":134062,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida, 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following the 1992 Landers, California, earthquake, generated by interferometric processing of ERS-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, reveal effects of various postseismic deformation processes along the 1992 surface rupture. The large-scale pattern of the postseismic displacement field includes large lobes, mostly visible on the west side of the fault, comparable in shape with the lobes observed in the coseismic displacement field. This pattern and the steep displacement gradient observed near the Emerson-Camp Rock fault cannot be simply explained by afterslip on deep sections of the 1992 rupture. Models show that horizontal slip occurring on a buried dislocation in a Poisson's material produces a characteristic quadripole pattern in the surface displacement field with several centimeters of vertical motion at distances of 10–20 km from the fault, yet this pattern is not observed in the postseismic interferograms. As previously proposed to explain local strain in the fault step overs [Peltzer et al., 1996b], we argue that poroelastic rebound caused by pore fluid flow may also occur over greater distances from the fault, compensating the vertical ground shift produced by fault afterslip. Such a rebound is explained by the gradual change of the crustal rocks' Poisson's ratio value from undrained (coseismic) to drained (postseismic) conditions as pore pressure gradients produced by the earthquake dissipate. Using the Poisson's ratio values of 0.27 and 0.31 for the drained and undrained crustal rocks, respectively, elastic dislocation models show that the combined contributions of afterslip on deep sections of the fault and poroelastic rebound can account for the range change observed in the SAR data and the horizontal displacement measured at Global Positioning System (GPS) sites along a 60-km-long transect across the Emerson fault [Savage and Svarc, 1997]. Using a detailed surface slip distribution on the Homestead Valley, Kickapoo, and Johnson Valley faults, we modeled the poroelastic rebound in the Homestead Valley pull apart. A Poisson's ratio value of 0.35 for the undrained gouge rocks in the fault zone is required to account for the observed surface uplift in the 3.5 years following the earthquake. This large value implies a seismic velocity ratio Vp/Vs of 2.1, consistent with the observed low Vs values of fault zone guided waves at shallow depth [Li et al., 1997]. The SAR data also reveal postseismic creep along shallow patches of the Eureka Peak and Burnt Mountain faults with a characteristic decay time of 0.8 years. Coseismic, dilatant hardening (locking process) followed by post-seismic, pore pressure controlled fault creep provide a plausible mechanism to account for the decay time of the observed slip rate along this section of the fault.
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B12, p. 30131-30145, https://doi.org/10.1029/98JB02302.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"30131","endPage":"30145","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487320,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/98jb02302","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":231084,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"103","issue":"B12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7dd6e4b0c8380cd7a1b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peltzer, G.","contributorId":41157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peltzer","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosen, P.","contributorId":48920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosen","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rogez, F.","contributorId":26458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogez","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hudnut, K.","contributorId":92439,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudnut","given":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70020390,"text":"70020390 - 1998 - Evidence that local land use practices influence regional climate, vegetation, and stream flow patterns in adjacent natural areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T17:28:51","indexId":"70020390","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1837,"text":"Global Change Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence that local land use practices influence regional climate, vegetation, and stream flow patterns in adjacent natural areas","docAbstract":"We present evidence that land use practices in the plains of Colorado influence regional climate and vegetation in adjacent natural areas in the Rocky Mountains in predictable ways. Mesoscale climate model simulations using the Colorado State University Regional Atmospheric Modelling System (RAMS) projected that modifications to natural vegetation in the plains, primarily due to agriculture and urbanization, could produce lower summer temperatures in the mountains. We corroborate the RAMS simulations with three independent sets of data: (i) climate records from 16 weather stations, which showed significant trends of decreasing July temperatures in recent decades; (ii) the distribution of seedlings of five dominant conifer species in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, which suggested that cooler, wetter conditions occurred over roughly the same time period; and (iii) increased stream flow, normalized for changes in precipitation, during the summer months in four river basins, which also indicates cooler summer temperatures and lower transpiration at landscape scales. Combined, the mesoscale atmospheric/land-surface model, short-term in regional temperatures, forest distribution changes, and hydrology data indicate that the effects of land use practices on regional climate may overshadow larger-scale temperature changes commonly associated with observed increases in CO2 and other greenhouse gases.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global Change Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-2486.1998.00182.x","issn":"13541013","usgsCitation":"Stohlgren, T., Chase, T., Pielke, R., Kittel, T., and Baron, J., 1998, Evidence that local land use practices influence regional climate, vegetation, and stream flow patterns in adjacent natural areas: Global Change Biology, v. 4, no. 5, p. 495-504, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1998.00182.x.","startPage":"495","endPage":"504","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231177,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206905,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1998.00182.x"}],"volume":"4","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d72e4b0c8380cd53012","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stohlgren, T.J.","contributorId":7217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chase, T.N.","contributorId":7860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chase","given":"T.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pielke, R.A. 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The objective of this meeting was to derive consensus toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and dioxinlike polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) for both human, fish, and wildlife risk assessment. Based on existing literature data, TEFs were (re)evaluated and either revised (mammals) or established (fish and birds). A few mammalian WHO-TEFs were revised, including 1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorinated DD, octachlorinated DD, octachlorinated DF, and PCB 77. These mammalian TEFs are also considered applicable for humans and wild mammalian species. Furthermore, it was concluded that there was insufficient in vivo evidence to continue the use of TEFs for some di-ortho PCBs, as suggested earlier by Ahlborg et al. [Chemosphere 28:1049-1067 (1994)]. In addition, TEFs for fish and birds were determined. The WHO working group attempted to harmonize TEFs across different taxa to the extent possible. However, total synchronization of TEFs was not feasible, as there were orders of a magnitude difference in TEFs between taxa for some compounds. In this respect, the absent or very low response of fish to mono-ortho PCBs is most noticeable compared to mammals and birds. Uncertainties that could compromise the TEF concept were also reviewed, including nonadditive interactions, differences in shape of the dose-response curve, and species responsiveness. In spite of these uncertainties, it was concluded that the TEF concept is still the most plausible and feasible approach for risk assessment of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons with dioxinlike properties.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Institute of Environmental Health","doi":"10.1289/ehp.98106775","usgsCitation":"Van den Berg, M., Birnbaum, L., Bosveld, A.T., Brunstrom, B., Cook, P., Feeley, M., Giesy, J., Hanberg, A., Hasegawa, R., Kennedy, S.W., Kubiak, T., Larsen, J.C., Van Leeuwen, F.X., Liem, A.K., Nolt, C., Peterson, R.E., Poellinger, L., Safe, S., Schrenk, D., Tillitt, D.E., Tysklind, M., Younes, M., Waern, F., and Zacharewski, T., 1998, Toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for PCBs, PCDDs, PCDFs for humans and wildlife: Environmental Health Perspectives, v. 106, no. 12, p. 775-792, https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.98106775.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"775","endPage":"792","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489184,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.98106775","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":231395,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"106","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb5cbe4b08c986b3268e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van den Berg, M.","contributorId":101415,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van den Berg","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Birnbaum, L.","contributorId":55177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birnbaum","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bosveld, A. 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