This report is organized into three chapters that address six objectives. The first chapter addresses objectives 1-3. The second chapter addresses objectives 4-5. The third chapter addresses objective 6. The objectives for the project are listed below for reference.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Mather, M.E., Gerber, K.M., and Peterson, Z., 2015, Assessing distribution and movement of blue catfish in Kansas reservoirs: Cooperator Science Series FWS/CSS-117-2015, ii, 105 p.","productDescription":"ii, 105 p.","numberOfPages":"198","ipdsId":"IP-065549","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350696,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350695,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/cdm/singleitem/collection/document/id/2112/rec/1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6c4c97e4b06e28e9cabb12","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mather, Martha E. 0000-0003-3027-0215 mather@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3027-0215","contributorId":2580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mather","given":"Martha","email":"mather@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gerber, Kayla M.","contributorId":200178,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gerber","given":"Kayla","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peterson, Zachary","contributorId":201498,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"Zachary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70191995,"text":"70191995 - 2015 - Spatial and temporal variation in recruitment and growth of Channel Catfish Alabama bass and Tallapoosa Bass in the Tallapoosa River and associated tributaries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-25T12:42:20","indexId":"70191995","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5373,"text":"Cooperator Science Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"FWS/CSS -116","title":"Spatial and temporal variation in recruitment and growth of Channel Catfish Alabama bass and Tallapoosa Bass in the Tallapoosa River and associated tributaries","docAbstract":"Effects of hydrology on growth and hatching success of age-0 black basses and Channel Catfish were examined in regulated and unregulated reaches of the Tallapoosa River, Alabama. Species of the family Centrarchidae, Ictalurus punctatus Channel Catfish and Pylodictis olivaris Flathead Catfish were also collected from multiple tributaries in the basin. Fish were collected from 2010-2014 and were assigned daily ages using otoliths. Hatch dates of individuals of three species (Micropterus henshalli Alabama Bass, M. tallapoosae Tallapoosa Bass and Channel Catfish) were back calculated, and growth histories were estimated every 5 d post hatch from otolith sections using incremental growth analysis. Hatch dates and incremental growth were related to hydrologic and temperature metrics from environmental data collected during the same time periods. Hatch dates at the regulated sites were related to and typically occurred during periods with low and stable flow conditions; however no clear relations between hatch and thermal or flow metrics were evident for the unregulated sites. Some fish hatched during unsuitable thermal conditions at the regulated site suggesting that some fish may recruit from unregulated tributaries. Ages and growth rates of age-0 black basses ranged from 105 to 131 d and 0.53 to 1.33 mm/day at the regulated sites and 44 to 128 d and 0.44 to 0.96 mm/d at the unregulated sites. In general, growth was highest among age-0 fish from the regulated sites, consistent with findings of other studies. Mortality of age-0 to age-1 fish was also variable among years and between sites and with the exception of one year, was lower at regulated sites. Multiple and single regression models of incremental growth versus age, discharge, and temperature metrics were evaluated with Akaike’s Information Criterion (AICc) to assess models that best described growth parameters. Of the models evaluated, the best overall models predicted that daily incremental growth was positively related to low flow parameters and negatively related to the number of times the hydrograph changed direction (e.g., reversals). These results suggest that specific flow and temperature criteria provided from the dam could potentially enhance growth and hatch success of these important sport fish species.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Irwin, E.R., and Goar, T., 2015, Spatial and temporal variation in recruitment and growth of Channel Catfish Alabama bass and Tallapoosa Bass in the Tallapoosa River and associated tributaries: Cooperator Science Series FWS/CSS -116, 30 p.","productDescription":"30 p.","ipdsId":"IP-064738","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350604,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350603,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/cdm/ref/collection/document/id/2111"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6afac7e4b06e28e9c9a913","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Irwin, Elise R. 0000-0002-6866-4976 eirwin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6866-4976","contributorId":2588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"Elise","email":"eirwin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goar, Taconya","contributorId":201475,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goar","given":"Taconya","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70189624,"text":"70189624 - 2015 - Slip-pulse rupture behavior on a 2 meter granite fault","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-19T10:38:38","indexId":"70189624","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Slip-pulse rupture behavior on a 2 meter granite fault","docAbstract":"We describe observations of dynamic rupture events that spontaneously arise on meter-scale laboratory earthquake experiments. While low-frequency slip of the granite sample occurs in a relatively uniform and crack-like manner, instruments capable of detecting high frequency motions show that some parts of the fault slip abruptly (velocity >100 mm∙s-1, acceleration >20 km∙s-2) while the majority of the fault slips more slowly. Abruptly slipping regions propagate along the fault at nearly the shear wave speed. We propose that the dramatic reduction in frictional strength implied by this pulse-like rupture behavior has a common mechanism to the weakening reported in high velocity friction experiments performed on rotary machines. The slip pulses can also be identified as migrating sources of high frequency seismic waves. As observations from large earthquakes show similar propagating high frequency sources, the pulses described here may have relevance to the mechanics of larger earthquakes.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015GL065207","usgsCitation":"McLaskey, G., Kilgore, B.D., and Beeler, N.M., 2015, Slip-pulse rupture behavior on a 2 meter granite fault: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 42, no. 17, p. 7039-7045, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL065207.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"7039","endPage":"7045","ipdsId":"IP-066610","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486963,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015gl065207","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344011,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"17","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59706fbae4b0d1f9f065a8cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McLaskey, Gregory C.","contributorId":194848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McLaskey","given":"Gregory C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705481,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kilgore, Brian D. 0000-0003-0530-7979 bkilgore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-7979","contributorId":3887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kilgore","given":"Brian","email":"bkilgore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705480,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beeler, Nicholas M. 0000-0002-3397-8481 nbeeler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-8481","contributorId":2682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeler","given":"Nicholas","email":"nbeeler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705479,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70189623,"text":"70189623 - 2015 - Numerical modeling of injection, stress and permeability enhancement during shear stimulation at the Desert Peak Enhanced Geothermal System","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-19T10:43:46","indexId":"70189623","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2070,"text":"International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Numerical modeling of injection, stress and permeability enhancement during shear stimulation at the Desert Peak Enhanced Geothermal System","docAbstract":"Creation of an Enhanced Geothermal System relies on stimulation of fracture permeability through self-propping shear failure that creates a complex fracture network with high surface area for efficient heat transfer. In 2010, shear stimulation was carried out in well 27-15 at Desert Peak geothermal field, Nevada, by injecting cold water at pressure less than the minimum principal stress. An order-of-magnitude improvement in well injectivity was recorded. Here, we describe a numerical model that accounts for injection-induced stress changes and permeability enhancement during this stimulation. In a two-part study, we use the coupled thermo-hydrological-mechanical simulator FEHM to: (i) construct a wellbore model for non-steady bottom-hole temperature and pressure conditions during the injection, and (ii) apply these pressures and temperatures as a source term in a numerical model of the stimulation. In this model, a Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion and empirical fracture permeability is developed to describe permeability evolution of the fractured rock. The numerical model is calibrated using laboratory measurements of material properties on representative core samples and wellhead records of injection pressure and mass flow during the shear stimulation. The model captures both the absence of stimulation at low wellhead pressure (WHP ≤1.7 and ≤2.4 MPa) as well as the timing and magnitude of injectivity rise at medium WHP (3.1 MPa). Results indicate that thermoelastic effects near the wellbore and the associated non-local stresses further from the well combine to propagate a failure front away from the injection well. Elevated WHP promotes failure, increases the injection rate, and cools the wellbore; however, as the overpressure drops off with distance, thermal and non-local stresses play an ongoing role in promoting shear failure at increasing distance from the well.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmms.2015.06.003","usgsCitation":"Dempsey, D., Kelkar, S., Davatzes, N., Hickman, S.H., and Moos, D., 2015, Numerical modeling of injection, stress and permeability enhancement during shear stimulation at the Desert Peak Enhanced Geothermal System: International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, v. 78, p. 190-206, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2015.06.003.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"190","endPage":"206","ipdsId":"IP-065414","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472392,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1468563","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":344012,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.68530273437499,\n 39.884450178234395\n ],\n [\n -117.56469726562499,\n 39.884450178234395\n ],\n [\n -117.56469726562499,\n 40.6056120582602\n ],\n [\n -118.68530273437499,\n 40.6056120582602\n ],\n [\n -118.68530273437499,\n 39.884450178234395\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"78","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59706fbae4b0d1f9f065a8d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dempsey, David","contributorId":194844,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dempsey","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelkar, Sharad","contributorId":194845,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelkar","given":"Sharad","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davatzes, Nick","contributorId":194846,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davatzes","given":"Nick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hickman, Stephen H. 0000-0003-2075-9615 hickman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-9615","contributorId":2705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickman","given":"Stephen","email":"hickman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Moos, Daniel","contributorId":194847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moos","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70189910,"text":"70189910 - 2015 - PhreeqcRM: A reaction module for transport simulators based on the geochemical model PHREEQC","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-03T14:32:23","indexId":"70189910","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":664,"text":"Advances in Water Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"PhreeqcRM: A reaction module for transport simulators based on the geochemical model PHREEQC","docAbstract":"PhreeqcRM is a geochemical reaction module designed specifically to perform equilibrium and kinetic reaction calculations for reactive transport simulators that use an operator-splitting approach. The basic function of the reaction module is to take component concentrations from the model cells of the transport simulator, run geochemical reactions, and return updated component concentrations to the transport simulator. If multicomponent diffusion is modeled (e.g., Nernst–Planck equation), then aqueous species concentrations can be used instead of component concentrations. The reaction capabilities are a complete implementation of the reaction capabilities of PHREEQC. In each cell, the reaction module maintains the composition of all of the reactants, which may include minerals, exchangers, surface complexers, gas phases, solid solutions, and user-defined kinetic reactants.
PhreeqcRM assigns initial and boundary conditions for model cells based on standard PHREEQC input definitions (files or strings) of chemical compositions of solutions and reactants. Additional PhreeqcRM capabilities include methods to eliminate reaction calculations for inactive parts of a model domain, transfer concentrations and other model properties, and retrieve selected results. The module demonstrates good scalability for parallel processing by using multiprocessing with MPI (message passing interface) on distributed memory systems, and limited scalability using multithreading with OpenMP on shared memory systems. PhreeqcRM is written in C++, but interfaces allow methods to be called from C or Fortran. By using the PhreeqcRM reaction module, an existing multicomponent transport simulator can be extended to simulate a wide range of geochemical reactions. Results of the implementation of PhreeqcRM as the reaction engine for transport simulators PHAST and FEFLOW are shown by using an analytical solution and the reactive transport benchmark of MoMaS.
Fossil coral microatolls from fringing reefs above the great (MW 8.6) megathrust rupture of 2005 record uplift during the historically reported great earthquake of 1861. Such evidence spans nearly the entire 400-km strike length of the 2005 rupture, which was previously shown to be bounded by two persistent barriers to seismic rupture. Moreover, at sites where we have constrained the 1861 uplift amplitude, it is comparable to uplift in 2005. Thus the 1861 and 2005 ruptures appear to be similar in both extent and magnitude. At one site an uplift around AD 1422 also appears to mimic the amount of uplift in 2005. The high degree of similarity among certain ruptures of this Nias–Simeulue section of the Sunda megathrust contrasts with the substantial disparities amongst ruptures along other sections of the Sumatran portion of the Sunda megathrust. At a site on the northwestern tip of Nias, reefs also rose during an earthquake in AD 1843, known historically for its damaging tsunami along the eastern coast of the island.
The coral microatolls also record interseismic vertical deformation, at annual to decadal resolution, spanning decades to more than a century before each earthquake. The corals demonstrate significant changes over time in the rates of interseismic deformation. On southern Simeulue, interseismic subsidence rates were low between 1740 and 1820 but abruptly increased by a factor of 4–10, two to four decades before the 1861 rupture. This may indicate that full coupling or deep locking of the megathrust began only a few decades before the great earthquake. In the Banyak Islands, near the pivot line separating coseismic uplift from subsidence in 2005, ongoing interseismic subsidence switched to steady uplift from 1966 until 1981, suggesting a 15-year-long slow slip event, with slip velocities at more than 120% of the plate convergence rate
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.06.003","usgsCitation":"Meltzner, A.J., Sieh, K.E., Chiang, H., Wu, C., Tsang, L.L., Shen, C., Hill, E.M., Suwargadi, B.W., Natawidjaja, D.H., Philibosian, B., and Briggs, R.W., 2015, Time-varying interseismic strain rates and similar seismic ruptures on the Nias-Simeulue patch of the Sunda megathrust: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 122, p. 258-281, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.06.003.","productDescription":"34 p.","startPage":"258","endPage":"281","ipdsId":"IP-062162","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472439,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.06.003","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342839,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Sumatra","otherGeospatial":"Niase-Simeulue region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 94.6087646484375,\n -0.6097297021959899\n ],\n [\n 98.19030761718749,\n -0.6097297021959899\n ],\n [\n 98.19030761718749,\n 4.0286587193699095\n ],\n [\n 94.6087646484375,\n 4.0286587193699095\n ],\n [\n 94.6087646484375,\n -0.6097297021959899\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"122","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"594f7a1fe4b062508e3b1b8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meltzner, Aron J.","contributorId":193419,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meltzner","given":"Aron","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7218,"text":"California Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":5110,"text":"Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":700411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sieh, Kerry E.","contributorId":193420,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sieh","given":"Kerry","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7218,"text":"California Institute of Technology","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":5110,"text":"Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":700412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chiang, Hong-Wei","contributorId":193421,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chiang","given":"Hong-Wei","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27347,"text":"High-precision Mass Spectrometry and Environment Change Laboratory (HISPEC), Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":5110,"text":"Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":700413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wu, Chung-Che","contributorId":193422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wu","given":"Chung-Che","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27347,"text":"High-precision Mass Spectrometry and Environment Change Laboratory (HISPEC), Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":700414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tsang, Louisa L.H.","contributorId":193423,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tsang","given":"Louisa","email":"","middleInitial":"L.H.","affiliations":[{"id":5110,"text":"Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":700415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Shen, Chuan-Chou","contributorId":193424,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shen","given":"Chuan-Chou","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27347,"text":"High-precision Mass Spectrometry and Environment Change Laboratory (HISPEC), Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":700416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hill, Emma M.","contributorId":193425,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hill","given":"Emma","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":5110,"text":"Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":700417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Suwargadi, Bambang W.","contributorId":150205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Suwargadi","given":"Bambang","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":17941,"text":"Indonesian Institute of Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":700418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Natawidjaja, Danny H.","contributorId":150204,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Natawidjaja","given":"Danny","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":17941,"text":"Indonesian Institute of Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":700419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Philibosian, Belle","contributorId":193426,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Philibosian","given":"Belle","affiliations":[{"id":30776,"text":"Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":700420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Briggs, Richard W. 0000-0001-8108-0046 rbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8108-0046","contributorId":139002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Richard","email":"rbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70188799,"text":"70188799 - 2015 - Evidence for slip partitioning and bimodal slip behavior on a single fault: Surface slip characteristics of the 2013 Mw7.7 Balochistan, Pakistan earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-18T21:22:15.121934","indexId":"70188799","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for slip partitioning and bimodal slip behavior on a single fault: Surface slip characteristics of the 2013 Mw7.7 Balochistan, Pakistan earthquake","docAbstract":"Deformation is commonly accommodated by strain partitioning on multiple, independent strike-slip and dip-slip faults in continental settings of oblique plate convergence. As a corollary, individual faults tend to exhibit one sense of slip – normal, reverse, or strike-slip – until whole-scale changes in boundary conditions reactivate preexisting faults in a new deformation regime. In this study, we show that a single continental fault may instead partition oblique strain by alternatively slipping in a strike-slip or a dip-slip sense during independent fault slip events. We use 0.5 m resolution optical imagery and sub-pixel correlation analysis of the 200+ km
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.05.012","usgsCitation":"Patino, R., and Carr, J.A., 2015, Introduction to Special Issue: Disruption of thyroid, sex steroid, and adrenal hormone systems and their crosstalk in aquatic wildlife: General and Comparative Endocrinology, v. 219, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.05.012.","productDescription":"5 p.","endPage":"1","numberOfPages":"5","ipdsId":"IP-065208","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488735,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.05.012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":350727,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"219","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6c4c97e4b06e28e9cabb14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Patino, Reynaldo 0000-0002-4831-8400 r.patino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-8400","contributorId":2311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patino","given":"Reynaldo","email":"r.patino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carr, James A.","contributorId":201508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carr","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":726018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70189560,"text":"70189560 - 2015 - Concentrations and distributions of metals associated with dissolved organic matter from the Suwannee River (GA, USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-18T16:14:56","indexId":"70189560","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1535,"text":"Environmental Engineering Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Concentrations and distributions of metals associated with dissolved organic matter from the Suwannee River (GA, USA)","docAbstract":"Concentrations and distributions of metals in Suwannee River (SR) raw filtered surface water (RFSW) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) processed by reverse osmosis (RO), XAD-8 resin (for humic and fulvic acids [FA]), and XAD-4 resin (for “transphilic” acids) were analyzed by asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AsFlFFF). SR samples were compared with DOM samples from Nelson's Creek (NLC), a wetland-draining stream in northern Michigan; previous International Humic Substances Society (IHSS) FA and RO samples from the SR; and an XAD-8 sample from Lake Fryxell (LF), Antarctica. Despite application of cation exchange during sample processing, all XAD and RO samples contained substantial metal concentrations. AsFlFFF fractograms allowed metal distributions to be characterized as a function of DOM component molecular weight (MW). In SR RFSW, Fe, Al, and Cu were primarily associated with intermediate to higher than average MW DOM components. SR RO, XAD-8, and XAD-4 samples from May 2012 showed similar MW trends for Fe and Al but Cu tended to associate more with lower MW DOM. LF DOM had abundant Cu and Zn, perhaps due to amine groups that should be present due to its primarily algal origins. None of the fractograms showed obvious evidence for mineral nanoparticles, although some very small mineral nanoparticles might have been present at trace concentrations. This research suggests that AsFlFFF is important for understanding how metals are distributed in different DOM samples (including IHSS samples), which may be key to metal reactivity and bioavailability.
","language":"English","publisher":"Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. Publishers","doi":"10.1089/ees.2014.0298","usgsCitation":"Kuhn, M.K., Neubauer, E., Hofmann, T., von der Kammer, F., Aiken, G.R., and Maurice, P.A., 2015, Concentrations and distributions of metals associated with dissolved organic matter from the Suwannee River (GA, USA): Environmental Engineering Science, v. 32, no. 1, p. 54-65, https://doi.org/10.1089/ees.2014.0298.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"54","endPage":"65","ipdsId":"IP-059563","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343943,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Suwannee River","volume":"32","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"596dcca3e4b0d1f9f0627563","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuhn, M. Keshia","contributorId":194715,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kuhn","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Keshia","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neubauer, Elisabeth","contributorId":194716,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neubauer","given":"Elisabeth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hofmann, Thilo","contributorId":194717,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hofmann","given":"Thilo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"von der Kammer, Frank","contributorId":194718,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"von der Kammer","given":"Frank","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Maurice, Patricia A.","contributorId":194719,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maurice","given":"Patricia","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70189521,"text":"70189521 - 2015 - Effects of natural organic matter properties on the dissolution kinetics of zinc oxide nanoparticles","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:41:28","indexId":"70189521","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of natural organic matter properties on the dissolution kinetics of zinc oxide nanoparticles","docAbstract":"The dissolution of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) is a key step of controlling their environmental fate, bioavailability, and toxicity. Rates of dissolution often depend upon factors such as interactions of NPs with natural organic matter (NOM). We examined the effects of 16 different NOM isolates on the dissolution kinetics of ZnO NPs in buffered potassium chloride solution using anodic stripping voltammetry to directly measure dissolved zinc concentrations. The observed dissolution rate constants (kobs) and dissolved zinc concentrations at equilibrium increased linearly with NOM concentration (from 0 to 40 mg C L–1) for Suwannee River humic and fulvic acids and Pony Lake fulvic acid. When dissolution rates were compared for the 16 NOM isolates, kobs was positively correlated with certain properties of NOM, including specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA), aromatic and carbonyl carbon contents, and molecular weight. Dissolution rate constants were negatively correlated to hydrogen/carbon ratio and aliphatic carbon content. The observed correlations indicate that aromatic carbon content is a key factor in determining the rate of NOM-promoted dissolution of ZnO NPs. The findings of this study facilitate a better understanding of the fate of ZnO NPs in organic-rich aquatic environments and highlight SUVA as a facile and useful indicator of NOM interactions with metal-based nanoparticles.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.5b02406","usgsCitation":"Jiang, C., Aiken, G.R., and Hsu-Kim, H., 2015, Effects of natural organic matter properties on the dissolution kinetics of zinc oxide nanoparticles: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 49, no. 19, p. 11476-11484, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b02406.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"11476","endPage":"11484","ipdsId":"IP-067514","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343866,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"19","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5969d82ee4b0d1f9f060a1a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jiang, Chuanjia","contributorId":194659,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jiang","given":"Chuanjia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hsu-Kim, Heileen","contributorId":49041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hsu-Kim","given":"Heileen","affiliations":[{"id":12643,"text":"Duke University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":705019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70189476,"text":"70189476 - 2015 - Using chromate to investigate the impact of natural organics on the surface reactivity of nanoparticulate magnetite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:32:33","indexId":"70189476","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using chromate to investigate the impact of natural organics on the surface reactivity of nanoparticulate magnetite","docAbstract":"Chromate was used as a chemical probe to investigate the size-dependent influence of organics on nanoparticle surface reactivity. Magnetite–chromate sorption experiments were conducted with ∼90 and ∼6 nm magnetite nanoparticles in the presence and absence of fulvic acid (FA), natural organic matter (NOM), and isolated landfill leachate (LL). Results indicated that low concentrations (1 mg/L) of organics had no noticeable impact on chromate sorption, whereas concentrations of 50 mg/L or more resulted in decreased amounts of chromate sorption. The adsorption of organics onto the magnetite surfaces interfered equally with the ability of the 6 and 90 nm particles to sorb chromate from solution, despite the greater surface area of the smaller particles. Results indicate the presence of organics did not impact the redox chemistry of the magnetite–chromate system over the duration of the experiments (8 h), nor did the organics interact with the chromate in solution. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicate that the organics blocked the surface reactivity by occupying surface sites on the particles. The similarity of results with FA and NOM suggests that coverage of the reactive mineral surface is the main factor behind the inhibition of surface reactivity in the presence of organics.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es504831d","usgsCitation":"Swindle, A.L., Cozzarelli, I.M., and Elwood Madden, A.S., 2015, Using chromate to investigate the impact of natural organics on the surface reactivity of nanoparticulate magnetite: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 49, no. 4, p. 2156-2162, https://doi.org/10.1021/es504831d.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"2156","endPage":"2162","ipdsId":"IP-062297","costCenters":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343811,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"596886a2e4b0d1f9f05f59c8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swindle, Andrew L.","contributorId":41759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swindle","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cozzarelli, Isabelle M. 0000-0002-5123-1007 icozzare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":1693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"Isabelle","email":"icozzare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Elwood Madden, Andrew S.","contributorId":42150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elwood Madden","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70189465,"text":"70189465 - 2015 - Identifying sediment sources in the sediment TMDL process","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-13T13:10:35","indexId":"70189465","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Identifying sediment sources in the sediment TMDL process","docAbstract":"Sediment is an important pollutant contributing to aquatic-habitat degradation in many waterways of the United States. This paper discusses the application of sediment budgets in conjunction with sediment fingerprinting as tools to determine the sources of sediment in impaired waterways. These approaches complement monitoring, assessment, and modeling of sediment erosion, transport, and storage in watersheds. Combining the sediment fingerprinting and sediment budget approaches can help determine specific adaptive management plans and techniques applied to targeting hot spots or areas of high erosion.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 3rd Joint Federal Interagency Conference (10th Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference and 5th Federal Interagency Hydrologic Modeling Conference)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 3rd Joint Federal Interagency Conference (10th Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference and 5th Federal Interagency Hydrologic Modeling Conference)","conferenceDate":"April 19-23, 2015","conferenceLocation":"Reno, VA","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Gellis, A., Fitzpatrick, F., Schubauer-Berigan, J.P., Landy, R., and Gorman Sanisaca, L., 2015, Identifying sediment sources in the sediment TMDL process, in Proceedings of the 3rd Joint Federal Interagency Conference (10th Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference and 5th Federal Interagency Hydrologic Modeling Conference), Reno, VA, April 19-23, 2015, p. 1983-1991.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1983","endPage":"1991","ipdsId":"IP-062527","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343799,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://acwi.gov/sos/pubs/3rdJFIC/Proceedings.pdf"},{"id":343800,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"596886a2e4b0d1f9f05f59ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gellis, Allen C. 0000-0002-3449-2889 agellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-2889","contributorId":1709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gellis","given":"Allen C.","email":"agellis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":375,"text":"Maryland, Delaware, and the District of Columbia Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":704787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fitzpatrick, Faith A. 0000-0002-9748-7075 fafitzpa@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9748-7075","contributorId":173463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzpatrick","given":"Faith A.","email":"fafitzpa@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":704788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schubauer-Berigan, Joseph P.","contributorId":106220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schubauer-Berigan","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Landy, R.B.","contributorId":101360,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landy","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gorman Sanisaca, Lillian E. 0000-0003-1711-3864 lgormansanisaca@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1711-3864","contributorId":172247,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gorman Sanisaca","given":"Lillian E.","email":"lgormansanisaca@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":704791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70189458,"text":"70189458 - 2015 - Incorporating temporal variation in seabird telemetry data: time variant kernel density models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-14T10:20:39","indexId":"70189458","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Incorporating temporal variation in seabird telemetry data: time variant kernel density models","docAbstract":"A key component of the Mid-Atlantic Baseline Studies project was tracking the individual movements of focal marine bird species (Red-throated Loon [Gavia stellata], Northern Gannet [Morus bassanus], and Surf Scoter [Melanitta perspicillata]) through the use of satellite telemetry. This element of the project was a collaborative effort with the Department of Energy (DOE), Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), and Sea Duck Joint Venture (SDJV), among other organizations. Satellite telemetry is an effective and informative tool for understanding individual animal movement patterns, allowing researchers to mark an individual once, and thereafter follow the movements of the animal in space and time. Aggregating telemetry data from multiple individuals can provide information about the spatial use and temporal movements of populations.
Tracking data is three dimensional, with the first two dimensions, X and Y, ordered along the third dimension, time. GIS software has many capabilities to store, analyze and visualize the location information, but little or no support for visualizing the temporal data, and tools for processing temporal data are lacking. We explored several ways of analyzing the movement patterns using the spatiotemporal data provided by satellite tags. Here, we present the results of one promising method: time-variant kernel density analysis (Keating and Cherry, 2009). The goal of this chapter is to demonstrate new methods in spatial analysis to visualize and interpret tracking data for a large number of individual birds across time in the mid-Atlantic study area and beyond. In this chapter, we placed greater emphasis on analytical methods than on the behavior and ecology of the animals tracked. For more detailed examinations of the ecology and wintering habitat use of the focal species in the midAtlantic, see Chapters 20-22.
","language":"English","publisher":"Biodiversity Research Institute","usgsCitation":"Gilbert, A., Adams, E.M., Anderson, C., Berlin, A., Bowman, T.D., Connelly, E., Gilliland, S., Gray, C., Lepage, C., Meattey, D., Montevecchi, W., Osenkowski, J., Savoy, L., Stenhouse, I., and Williams, K., 2015, Incorporating temporal variation in seabird telemetry data: time variant kernel density models, 21 p.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"21","ipdsId":"IP-085758","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343847,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":343786,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.briloon.org/"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5969d82ee4b0d1f9f060a1aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gilbert, Andrew","contributorId":194560,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gilbert","given":"Andrew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704652,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Evan M.","contributorId":139994,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"Evan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6928,"text":"BioDiversity Research Institute, Gorham, ME 04038","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":704653,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Carl","contributorId":194561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson","given":"Carl","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berlin, Alicia 0000-0002-5275-3077 aberlin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5275-3077","contributorId":168416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berlin","given":"Alicia","email":"aberlin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bowman, Timothy D.","contributorId":80779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowman","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Connelly, Emily","contributorId":194562,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Connelly","given":"Emily","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gilliland, Scott","contributorId":194563,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gilliland","given":"Scott","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gray, Carrie E.","contributorId":127669,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gray","given":"Carrie E.","affiliations":[{"id":6928,"text":"BioDiversity Research Institute, Gorham, ME 04038","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":25572,"text":"University of Maine, Orono","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":704658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lepage, Christine","contributorId":194564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lepage","given":"Christine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Meattey, Dustin","contributorId":194565,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meattey","given":"Dustin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Montevecchi, William","contributorId":171895,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Montevecchi","given":"William","affiliations":[{"id":26965,"text":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":704661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Osenkowski, Jason","contributorId":194566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Osenkowski","given":"Jason","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Savoy, Lucas","contributorId":171896,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Savoy","given":"Lucas","affiliations":[{"id":6928,"text":"BioDiversity Research Institute, Gorham, ME 04038","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":704663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Stenhouse, Iain","contributorId":194567,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stenhouse","given":"Iain","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Williams, Kathryn","contributorId":194568,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Kathryn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70191918,"text":"70191918 - 2015 - An integrated approach to modeling changes in land use, land cover, and disturbance and their impact on ecosystem carbon dynamics: a case study in the Sierra Nevada Mountains of California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-19T13:04:58","indexId":"70191918","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3893,"text":"AIMS Environmental Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An integrated approach to modeling changes in land use, land cover, and disturbance and their impact on ecosystem carbon dynamics: a case study in the Sierra Nevada Mountains of California","docAbstract":"Increased land-use intensity (e.g. clearing of forests for cultivation, urbanization), often results in the loss of ecosystem carbon storage, while changes in productivity resulting from climate change may either help offset or exacerbate losses. However, there are large uncertainties in how land and climate systems will evolve and interact to shape future ecosystem carbon dynamics. To address this we developed the Land Use and Carbon Scenario Simulator (LUCAS) to track changes in land use, land cover, land management, and disturbance, and their impact on ecosystem carbon storage and flux within a scenario-based framework. We have combined a state-and-transition simulation model (STSM) of land change with a stock and flow model of carbon dynamics. Land-change projections downscaled from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) Special Report on Emission Scenarios (SRES) were used to drive changes within the STSM, while the Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS) ecosystem model was used to derive input parameters for the carbon stock and flow model. The model was applied to the Sierra Nevada Mountains ecoregion in California, USA, a region prone to large wildfires and a forestry sector projected to intensify over the next century. Three scenario simulations were conducted, including a calibration scenario, a climate-change scenario, and an integrated climate- and land-change scenario. Based on results from the calibration scenario, the LUCAS age-structured carbon accounting model was able to accurately reproduce results obtained from the process-based biogeochemical model. Under the climate-only scenario, the ecoregion was projected to be a reliable net sink of carbon, however, when land use and disturbance were introduced, the ecoregion switched to become a net source. This research demonstrates how an integrated approach to carbon accounting can be used to evaluate various drivers of ecosystem carbon change in a robust, yet transparent modeling environment.
","language":"English","publisher":"AIMS","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2015.3.577","usgsCitation":"Sleeter, B.M., Liu, J., Daniel, C., Frid, L., and Zhu, Z., 2015, An integrated approach to modeling changes in land use, land cover, and disturbance and their impact on ecosystem carbon dynamics: a case study in the Sierra Nevada Mountains of California: AIMS Environmental Science, v. 2, no. 3, p. 577-606, https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2015.3.577.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"577","endPage":"606","ipdsId":"IP-064456","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472411,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2015.3.577","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":346968,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.05810546875,\n 40.6306300839918\n ],\n [\n -120.673828125,\n 38.151837403006766\n ],\n [\n -118.65234374999999,\n 35.46961797120201\n ],\n [\n -117.80639648437499,\n 35.68407153314097\n ],\n [\n -119.99267578124999,\n 39.918162846609455\n ],\n [\n -121.2451171875,\n 41.09591205639546\n ],\n [\n -122.05810546875,\n 40.6306300839918\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e9b998e4b05fe04cd65cda","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sleeter, Benjamin M. 0000-0003-2371-9571 bsleeter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2371-9571","contributorId":3479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeter","given":"Benjamin","email":"bsleeter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Liu, Jinxun 0000-0003-0561-8988","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0561-8988","contributorId":197530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liu","given":"Jinxun","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Daniel, Colin","contributorId":197531,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Daniel","given":"Colin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frid, Leonardo","contributorId":196604,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frid","given":"Leonardo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zhu, Zhiliang 0000-0002-6860-6936 zzhu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-6936","contributorId":150078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhiliang","email":"zzhu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70188439,"text":"70188439 - 2015 - Cenozoic stratigraphy and structure of the Chesapeake Bay region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-10T12:02:09","indexId":"70188439","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5369,"text":"GSA Field Guides","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":15}},"title":"Cenozoic stratigraphy and structure of the Chesapeake Bay region","docAbstract":"The Salisbury embayment is a broad tectonic downwarp that is filled by generally seaward-thickening, wedge-shaped deposits of the central Atlantic Coastal Plain. Our two-day field trip will take us to the western side of this embayment from the Fall Zone in Washington, D.C., to some of the bluffs along Aquia Creek and the Potomac River in Virginia, and then to the Calvert Cliffs on the western shore of the Chesapeake Bay. We will see fluvial-deltaic Cretaceous deposits of the Potomac Formation. We will then focus on Cenozoic marine deposits. Transgressive and highstand deposits are stacked upon each other with unconformities separating them; rarely are regressive or lowstand deposits preserved. The Paleocene and Eocene shallow shelf deposits consist of glauconitic, silty sands that contain varying amounts of marine shells. The Miocene shallow shelf deposits consist of diatomaceous silts and silty and shelly sands. The lithology, thickness, dip, preservation, and distribution of the succession of coastal plain sediments that were deposited in our field-trip area are, to a great extent, structurally controlled. Surficial and subsurface mapping using numerous continuous cores, auger holes, water-well data, and seismic surveys has documented some folds and numerous high-angle reverse and normal faults that offset Cretaceous and Cenozoic deposits. Many of these structures are rooted in early Mesozoic and/or Paleozoic NE-trending regional tectonic fault systems that underlie the Atlantic Coastal Plain. On Day 1, we will focus on two fault systems (stops 1–2; Stafford fault system and the Skinkers Neck–Brandywine fault system and their constituent fault zones and faults). We will then see (stops 3–5) a few of the remaining exposures of largely unlithified marine Paleocene and Eocene strata along the Virginia side of the Potomac River including the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum boundary clay. These exposures are capped by fluvial-estuarine Pleistocene terrace deposits. On Day 2, we will see (stops 6–9) the classic Miocene section along the ~25 miles (~40 km) of Calvert Cliffs in Maryland, including a possible fault and structural warping. Cores from nearby test holes will also be shown to supplement outcrops.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2015.0040(07)","usgsCitation":"Powars, D.S., Edwards, L.E., Kidwell, S.M., and Schindler, J.S., 2015, Cenozoic stratigraphy and structure of the Chesapeake Bay region: GSA Field Guides, v. 40, 59 p., https://doi.org/10.1130/2015.0040(07).","productDescription":"59 p.","startPage":"171","endPage":"229","ipdsId":"IP-066988","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342354,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","volume":"40","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593d0539e4b0764e6c61b65a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powars, David S. 0000-0002-6787-8964 dspowars@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6787-8964","contributorId":1181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powars","given":"David","email":"dspowars@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Edwards, Lucy E. 0000-0003-4075-3317 leedward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-3317","contributorId":2647,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Lucy","email":"leedward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kidwell, Susan M.","contributorId":18003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kidwell","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":33013,"text":"Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schindler, J. Stephen 0000-0001-9550-5957 sschindl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9550-5957","contributorId":3270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schindler","given":"J.","email":"sschindl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70188440,"text":"70188440 - 2015 - Thermokarst lake methanogenesis along a complete talik profile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-09T14:07:53","indexId":"70188440","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1011,"text":"Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermokarst lake methanogenesis along a complete talik profile","docAbstract":"Thermokarst (thaw) lakes emit methane (CH4) to the atmosphere formed from thawed permafrost organic matter (OM), but the relative magnitude of CH4 production in surface lake sediments vs. deeper thawed permafrost horizons is not well understood. We assessed anaerobic CH4 production potentials from various depths along a 590 cm long lake sediment core that captured the entire sediment package of the talik (thaw bulb) beneath the center of an interior Alaska thermokarst lake, Vault Lake, and the top 40 cm of thawing permafrost beneath the talik. We also studied the adjacent Vault Creek permafrost tunnel that extends through ice-rich yedoma permafrost soils surrounding the lake and into underlying gravel. Our results showed CH4 production potentials were highest in the organic-rich surface lake sediments, which were 151 cm thick (mean ± SD: 5.95 ± 1.67 μg C–CH4 g dw−1 d−1; 125.9 ± 36.2 μg C–CH4 g C−1org d−1). High CH4 production potentials were also observed in recently thawed permafrost (1.18 ± 0.61 μg C–CH4g dw−1 d−1; 59.60± 51.5 μg C–CH4 g C−1org d−1) at the bottom of the talik, but the narrow thicknesses (43 cm) of this horizon limited its overall contribution to total sediment column CH4 production in the core. Lower rates of CH4 production were observed in sediment horizons representing permafrost that has been thawing in the talik for a longer period of time. No CH4 production was observed in samples obtained from the permafrost tunnel, a non-lake environment. Our findings imply that CH4production is highly variable in thermokarst lake systems and that both modern OM supplied to surface sediments and ancient OM supplied to both surface and deep lake sediments by in situ thaw and shore erosion of yedoma permafrost are important to lake CH4 production.
","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/bg-12-4317-2015","usgsCitation":"Heslop, J., Walter Anthony, K., Sepulveda-Jauregui, A., Martinez-Cruz, K., Bondurant, A., Grosse, G., and Jones, M.C., 2015, Thermokarst lake methanogenesis along a complete talik profile: Biogeosciences, v. 12, p. 4317-4331, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4317-2015.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"4317","endPage":"4331","ipdsId":"IP-064594","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488681,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-4317-2015","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342339,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593bb3a9e4b0764e6c60e7eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Heslop, J.K.","contributorId":192801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Heslop","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walter Anthony, K.M.","contributorId":169384,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walter Anthony","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":697758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sepulveda-Jauregui, A.","contributorId":192802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sepulveda-Jauregui","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Martinez-Cruz, K.","contributorId":192803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martinez-Cruz","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bondurant, A.","contributorId":192804,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bondurant","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Grosse, G.","contributorId":192805,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Grosse","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jones, Miriam C. 0000-0002-6650-7619 miriamjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6650-7619","contributorId":4056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Miriam","email":"miriamjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70188444,"text":"70188444 - 2015 - A revision of the Norian Conchostracan Zonation in North America and its implications for Late Triassic North American tectonic history","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-09T13:44:44","indexId":"70188444","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"A revision of the Norian Conchostracan Zonation in North America and its implications for Late Triassic North American tectonic history","docAbstract":"Collections of Upper Triassic (Norian) conchostracans from the upper Cumnock and lower Sanford formations (North Carolina), Bull Run Formation (Virginia), Gettysburg Formation (Pennsylvania), Passaic Formation (New Jersey), Blomidon Formation (Nova Scotia), and Redonda Formation (New Mexico) have significantly expanded our knowledge of the Norian conchostracan faunas in these units. These collections show that the temporal and spatial distribution of Norian conchostracans in North America is more complex and more environmentally controlled than previously thought. The new collections require a revision and simplification of the published conchostracan zonation for this interval. The revised zonation, based almost entirely on evolution within the lineage of the conchostracan genus Shipingia, consists of five zones: the Shipingia weemsi-Euestheria buravasi zone (Lacian), the Shipingia mcdonaldi zone (lower Alaunian), the Shipingia hebaozhaiensis zone (upper Alaunian), the Shipingia olseni zone (lower and middle Sevatian), and the Shipingia gerbachmanni zone (upper Sevatian). A new species of Norian conchostracan, Wannerestheria kozuri, is described from the Groveton Member of the Bull Run Formation (Virginia). Two new members (Plum Run and Fairfield members) are named in the Gettysburg Formation (Gettysburg Basin, Maryland and Pennsylvania). The distribution of upper Carnian and Norian strata in the Fundy, Newark, Gettysburg, and Culpeper basins indicates that there was a significant, previously undetected tectonic reorganization within these basins that occurred around the Carnian-Norian boundary. The presence of an upper Norian-lower Rhaetian unconformity within the Newark Supergroup is reaffirmed. A re-evaluation of the conchostracan record from the Redonda Formation of the Chinle Group in New Mexico indicates that the four conchostracan-bearing lacustrine beds in this unit are part of only a single, consistently recognizable conchostracan zone, which we here designate as the Shipingia gerbachmanni zone.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fossil Record 4. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 67","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"New Mexico Museum of Natural History","usgsCitation":"Weems, R.E., and Lucas, S.G., 2015, A revision of the Norian Conchostracan Zonation in North America and its implications for Late Triassic North American tectonic history, chap. of Fossil Record 4. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 67, v. 67, p. 303-318.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"303","endPage":"318","ipdsId":"IP-061036","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342335,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"593bb3a9e4b0764e6c60e7e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weems, Robert E. 0000-0002-1907-7804 rweems@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-7804","contributorId":2663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weems","given":"Robert","email":"rweems@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":697798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lucas, Spencer G.","contributorId":192776,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lucas","given":"Spencer","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":697799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70189365,"text":"70189365 - 2015 - Arsenic and antimony geochemistry of mine wastes, associated waters and sediments at the Giant Mine, Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-08T19:23:19","indexId":"70189365","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Arsenic and antimony geochemistry of mine wastes, associated waters and sediments at the Giant Mine, Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada","docAbstract":"Elevated levels of arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) in water and sediments are legacy residues found downstream from gold-mining activities at the Giant Mine in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories (NWT), Canada. To track the transport and fate of As and Sb, samples of mine-waste from the mill, and surface water, sediment, pore-water, and vegetation downstream of the mine were collected. Mine waste, pore-water, and sediment samples were analyzed for bulk chemistry, and aqueous and solid-state speciation. Sediment and vegetation chemistry were evaluated using scanning electron microscope imaging, synchrotron-based element mapping and electron microprobe analysis. The distributions of As and Sb in sediments were similar, yet their distributions in the corresponding pore-waters were mostly dissimilar, and the mobility of As was greater than that of Sb. Competition for sorption sites is the most likely cause of elevated Sb concentrations in relatively oxidized pore-water and surface water. The aqueous and solid-state speciation of As and Sb also differed. In pore-water, As(V) dominated in oxidizing environments and As(III) in reducing environments. In contrast, the Sb(V) species dominated in all but one pore-water sample, even under reducing conditions. Antimony(III) appears to preferentially precipitate or adsorb onto sulfides as evidenced by the prevalence of an Sb(III)-S secondary solid-phase and the lack of Sb(III)(aq) in the deeper zones. The As(V)–O solid phase became depleted with depth below the sediment–water interface, and the Sb(V)–O phase persisted under relatively reducing conditions. In the surficial zone at a site populated by Equisetum fluviatile (common horsetail), As and Sb were associated with organic material and appeared mobile in the root zone. In the zone below active plant growth, As and Sb were associated primarily with inorganic phases suggesting a release and reprecipitation of these elements upon plant death. The co-existence of reduced and oxidized As and Sb species, instability of some phases under changing redox conditions, and plant uptake and release pose challenges for remediation efforts at the mine.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.12.012","usgsCitation":"Fawcett, S.E., Jamieson, H.E., Nordstrom, D.K., and McCleskey, R.B., 2015, Arsenic and antimony geochemistry of mine wastes, associated waters and sediments at the Giant Mine, Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada: Applied Geochemistry, v. 62, p. 3-17, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.12.012.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"17","ipdsId":"IP-031025","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488690,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.12.012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":343615,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"Northwest Territories","city":"Yellowknife","otherGeospatial":"Giant Mine","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.39960479736327,\n 62.486001417196405\n ],\n [\n -114.3137741088867,\n 62.486001417196405\n ],\n [\n -114.3137741088867,\n 62.538769571246775\n ],\n [\n -114.39960479736327,\n 62.538769571246775\n ],\n [\n -114.39960479736327,\n 62.486001417196405\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"62","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5965b4b0e4b0d1f9f05b3831","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fawcett, Skya E.","contributorId":194509,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fawcett","given":"Skya","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jamieson, Heather E.","contributorId":150176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jamieson","given":"Heather","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":7029,"text":"Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":704396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":704389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCleskey, R. Blaine 0000-0002-2521-8052 rbmccles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8052","contributorId":147399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCleskey","given":"R.","email":"rbmccles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70191253,"text":"70191253 - 2015 - Hydrothermal, biogenic, and seawater components in metalliferous black shales of the Brooks Range, Alaska: Synsedimentary metal enrichment in a carbonate ramp setting","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-07T21:01:00","indexId":"70191253","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrothermal, biogenic, and seawater components in metalliferous black shales of the Brooks Range, Alaska: Synsedimentary metal enrichment in a carbonate ramp setting","docAbstract":"Trace element and Os isotope data for Lisburne Group metalliferous black shales of Middle Mississippian (early Chesterian) age in the Brooks Range of northern Alaska suggest that metals were sourced chiefly from local seawater (including biogenic detritus) but also from externally derived hydrothermal fluids. These black shales are interbedded with phosphorites and limestones in sequences 3 to 35 m thick; deposition occurred mainly on a carbonate ramp during intermittent upwelling under varying redox conditions, from suboxic to anoxic to sulfidic. Deposition of the black shales at ~335 Ma was broadly contemporaneous with sulfide mineralization in the Red Dog and Drenchwater Zn-Pb-Ag deposits, which formed in a distal marginal basin.
Relative to the composition of average black shale, the metalliferous black shales (n = 29) display large average enrichment factors (>10) for Zn (10.1), Cd (11.0), and Ag (20.1). Small enrichments (>2–<10) are shown by V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Pd, Pt, U, Se, Y, and all rare earth elements except Ce, Nd, and Sm. A detailed stratigraphic profile over 23 m in the Skimo Creek area (central Brooks Range) indicates that samples from at and near the top of the section, which accumulated during a period of major upwelling and is broadly correlative with the stratigraphic levels of the Red Dog and Drenchwater Zn-Pb-Ag deposits, have the highest Zn/TOC (total organic carbon), Cu/TOC, and Tl/TOC ratios for calculated marine fractions (no detrital component) of these three metals.
Average authigenic (detrital-free) contents of Mo, V, U, Ni, Cu, Cd, Pb, Ge, Re, Se, As, Sb, Tl, Pd, and Au show enrichment factors of 4.3 × 103 to 1.2 × 106 relative to modern seawater. Such moderate enrichments, which are common in other metalliferous black shales, suggest wholly marine sources (seawater and biogenic material) for these metals, given similar trends for enrichment factors in organic-rich sediments of modern upwelling zones on the Namibian, Peruvian, and Chilean shelves. The largest enrichment factors for Zn and Ag are much higher (1.4 × 107 and 2.9 × 107, respectively), consistent with an appreciable hydrothermal component. Other metals such as Cu, Pb, and Tl that are concentrated in several black shale samples, and are locally abundant in the Red Dog and Drenchwater Zn-Pb-Ag deposits, may have a partly hydrothermal origin but this cannot be fully established with the available data. Enrichments in Cr (up to 7.8 × 106) are attributed to marine and not hydrothermal processes. The presence in some samples of large enrichments in Eu (up to 6.1 × 107) relative to modern seawater and of small positive Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* up to 1.12) are considered unrelated to hydrothermal activity, instead being linked to early diagenetic processes within sulfidic pore fluids.
Initial Os isotope ratios (187Os/188Os) calculated for a paleontologically based depositional age of 335 Ma reveal moderately unradiogenic values of 0.24 to 0.88 for four samples of metalliferous black shale. A proxy for the ratio of coeval early Chesterian seawater is provided by initial (187Os/188Os)335 Ma ratios of four unaltered black shales of the coeval Kuna Formation that average 1.08, nearly identical to the initial ratio of 1.06 for modern seawater. Evaluation of possible sources of unradiogenic Os in the metalliferous black shales suggests that the most likely source was mafic igneous rocks that were leached by externally derived hydrothermal fluids. This unradiogenic Os is interpreted to have been leached by deeply circulating hydrothermal fluids in the Kuna basin, followed by venting of the fluids into overlying seawater.
We propose that metal-bearing hydrothermal fluids that formed Zn-Pb-Ag deposits such as Red Dog or Drenchwater vented into seawater in a marginal basin, were carried by upwelling currents onto the margins of a shallow-water carbonate platform, and were then deposited in organic-rich muds, together with seawater- and biogenically derived components, by syngenetic sedimentary processes. Metal concentration in the black shales was promoted by high biologic productivity, sorption onto organic matter, diffusion across redox boundaries, a low sedimentation rate, and availability of H2S in bottom waters and pore fluids.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/econgeo.110.3.653","usgsCitation":"Slack, J.F., Selby, D., and Dumoulin, J.A., 2015, Hydrothermal, biogenic, and seawater components in metalliferous black shales of the Brooks Range, Alaska: Synsedimentary metal enrichment in a carbonate ramp setting: Economic Geology, v. 110, no. 3, p. 653-675, https://doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.110.3.653.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"653","endPage":"675","ipdsId":"IP-053916","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346337,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Brooks Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -167.2998046875,\n 66.87834504307976\n ],\n [\n -141,\n 66.87834504307976\n ],\n [\n -141,\n 71.71888229713917\n ],\n [\n -167.2998046875,\n 71.71888229713917\n ],\n [\n -167.2998046875,\n 66.87834504307976\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"110","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59d3502ae4b05fe04cc34d73","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Slack, John F. 0000-0001-6600-3130 jfslack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6600-3130","contributorId":1032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"John","email":"jfslack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Selby, David","contributorId":193460,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Selby","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70191888,"text":"70191888 - 2015 - Ground-based thermal imaging of stream surface temperatures: Technique and evaluation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-26T11:09:56","indexId":"70191888","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground-based thermal imaging of stream surface temperatures: Technique and evaluation","docAbstract":"We evaluated a ground-based handheld thermal imaging system for measuring water temperatures using data from eight southwestern USA streams and rivers. We found handheld thermal imagers could provide considerably more spatial information on water temperature (for our unit one image = 19,600 individual temperature measurements) than traditional methods could supply without a prohibitive amount of effort. Furthermore, they could provide measurements of stream surface temperature almost instantaneously compared with most traditional handheld thermometers (e.g., >20 s/reading). Spatial temperature analysis is important for measurement of subtle temperature differences across waterways, and identification of warm and cold groundwater inputs. Handheld thermal imaging is less expensive and equipment intensive than airborne thermal imaging methods and is useful under riparian canopies. Disadvantages of handheld thermal imagers include their current higher expense than thermometers, their susceptibility to interference when used incorrectly, and their slightly lower accuracy than traditional temperature measurement methods. Thermal imagers can only measure surface temperature, but this usually corresponds to subsurface temperatures in well-mixed streams and rivers. Using thermal imaging in select applications, such as where spatial investigations of water temperature are needed, or in conjunction with stationary temperature data loggers or handheld electronic or liquid-in-glass thermometers to characterize stream temperatures by both time and space, could provide valuable information on stream temperature dynamics. These tools will become increasingly important to fisheries biologists as costs continue to decline.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1080/02755947.2015.1091410","usgsCitation":"Bonar, S.A., and Petre, S.J., 2015, Ground-based thermal imaging of stream surface temperatures: Technique and evaluation: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 35, no. 6, p. 1209-1218, https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2015.1091410.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1209","endPage":"1218","ipdsId":"IP-057935","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":350648,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"35","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-12-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a6c4c98e4b06e28e9cabb16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bonar, Scott A. 0000-0003-3532-4067 sbonar@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3532-4067","contributorId":3712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bonar","given":"Scott","email":"sbonar@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Petre, Sally J.","contributorId":197664,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Petre","given":"Sally","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":725876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70191883,"text":"70191883 - 2015 - Phenological response of an Arizona dryland forest to short-term climatic extremes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-18T16:36:22","indexId":"70191883","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3250,"text":"Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phenological response of an Arizona dryland forest to short-term climatic extremes","docAbstract":"Baseline information about dryland forest phenology is necessary to accurately anticipate future ecosystem shifts. The overarching goal of our study was to investigate the variability of vegetation phenology across a dryland forest landscape in response to climate alterations. We analyzed the influence of site characteristics and climatic conditions on the phenological patterns of an Arizona, USA, ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forest during a five-year period (2005 to 2009) that encompassed extreme wet and dry precipitation regimes. We assembled 80 synthetic Landsat images by applying the spatial and temporal adaptive reflectance fusion method (STARFM) to 500 m MODIS and 30 m Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) data. We tested relationships between site characteristics and the timing of peak Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to assess the effect of climatic stress on the green-up of individual pixels during or after the summer monsoon. Our results show that drought-induced stress led to a fragmented phenological response that was highly dependent on microsite parameters, as both the spatial autocorrelation of peak timing and the number of significant site variables increased during the drought year. Pixels at lower elevations and with higher proportions of herbaceous vegetation were more likely to exhibit dynamic responses to changes in precipitation conditions. Our study demonstrates the complexity of responses within dryland forest ecosystems and highlights the need for standardized monitoring of phenology trends in these areas. The spatial and temporal variability of phenological signals may provide a quantitative solution to the problem of how to evaluate dryland land surface trends across time.
","language":"English","publisher":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)","doi":"10.3390/rs70810832","usgsCitation":"Walker, J.J., de Beurs, K., and Wynne, R., 2015, Phenological response of an Arizona dryland forest to short-term climatic extremes: Remote Sensing, v. 7, no. 8, p. 10832-10855, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs70810832.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"10832","endPage":"10855","ipdsId":"IP-063470","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472391,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs70810832","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":346919,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.25,\n 34.5\n ],\n [\n -111.25,\n 34.5\n ],\n [\n -111.25,\n 35.5\n ],\n [\n -112.25,\n 35.5\n ],\n [\n -112.25,\n 34.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-08-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e8683ce4b05fe04cd4d241","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walker, Jessica J. 0000-0002-3225-0317 jjwalker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3225-0317","contributorId":169458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"Jessica","email":"jjwalker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"de Beurs, Kirsten","contributorId":197460,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"de Beurs","given":"Kirsten","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wynne, Randolph","contributorId":197461,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wynne","given":"Randolph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70189273,"text":"70189273 - 2015 - Stratigraphic and microfossil evidence for a 4500-year history of Cascadia subduction zone earthquakes and tsunamis at Yaquina River estuary, Oregon, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-07T16:12:14","indexId":"70189273","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphic and microfossil evidence for a 4500-year history of Cascadia subduction zone earthquakes and tsunamis at Yaquina River estuary, Oregon, USA","docAbstract":"The Sallys Bend swamp and marsh area on the central Oregon coast onshore of the Cascadia subduction zone contains a sequence of buried coastal wetland soils that extends back ∼4500 yr B.P. The upper 10 of the 12 soils are represented in multiple cores. Each soil is abruptly overlain by a sandy deposit and then, in most cases, by greater than 10 cm of mud. For eight of the 10 buried soils, times of soil burial are constrained through radiocarbon ages on fine, delicate detritus from the top of the buried soil; for two of the buried soils, diatom and foraminifera data constrain paleoenvironment at the time of soil burial.
We infer that each buried soil represents a Cascadia subduction zone earthquake because the soils are laterally extensive and abruptly overlain by sandy deposits and mud. Preservation of coseismically buried soils occurred from 4500 yr ago until ∼500–600 yr ago, after which preservation was compromised by cessation of gradual relative sea-level rise, which in turn precluded drowning of marsh soils during instances of coseismic subsidence. Based on grain-size and microfossil data, sandy deposits overlying buried soils accumulated immediately after a subduction zone earthquake, during tsunami incursion into Sallys Bend. The possibility that the sandy deposits were sourced directly from landslides triggered upstream in the Yaquina River basin by seismic shaking was discounted based on sedimentologic, microfossil, and depositional site characteristics of the sandy deposits, which were inconsistent with a fluvial origin. Biostratigraphic analyses of sediment above two buried soils—in the case of two earthquakes, one occurring shortly after 1541–1708 cal. yr B.P. and the other occurring shortly after 3227–3444 cal. yr B.P.—provide estimates that coseismic subsidence was a minimum of 0.4 m. The average recurrence interval of subduction zone earthquakes is 420–580 yr, based on an ∼3750–4050-yr-long record and seven to nine interearthquake intervals.
The comparison of the Yaquina Bay earthquake record to similar records at other Cascadia coastal sites helps to define potential patterns of rupture for different earthquakes, although inherent uncertainty in dating precludes definitive statements about rupture length during earthquakes. We infer that in the first half of the last millennia, the northern Oregon part of the subduction zone had a different rupture history than the southern Oregon part of the subduction zone, and we also infer that at ca. 1.6 ka, two earthquakes closely spaced in time together ruptured a length of the megathrust that extends at least from southwestern Washington to southern Oregon.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/B31074.1","usgsCitation":"Graehl, N., Kelsey, H.M., Witter, R., Hemphill-Haley, E., and Engelhart, S.E., 2015, Stratigraphic and microfossil evidence for a 4500-year history of Cascadia subduction zone earthquakes and tsunamis at Yaquina River estuary, Oregon, USA: GSA Bulletin, v. 127, no. 1-2, p. 211-226, https://doi.org/10.1130/B31074.1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"211","endPage":"226","ipdsId":"IP-055195","costCenters":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488676,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1285450","text":"External Repository"},{"id":343481,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -130,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -120,\n 50\n ],\n [\n -130,\n 50\n ],\n [\n -130,\n 40\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"127","issue":"1-2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59609db9e4b0d1f9f0594c42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Graehl, Nicholas A","contributorId":194372,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Graehl","given":"Nicholas A","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelsey, Harvey M.","contributorId":184057,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelsey","given":"Harvey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703856,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Witter, Robert C. 0000-0002-1721-254X rwitter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-254X","contributorId":4528,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witter","given":"Robert C.","email":"rwitter@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hemphill-Haley, Eileen","contributorId":194373,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hemphill-Haley","given":"Eileen","affiliations":[{"id":35736,"text":"Hemphill-Haley Consulting, McKinleyville, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":703857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Engelhart, Simon E.","contributorId":60104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engelhart","given":"Simon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6923,"text":"University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":703858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70188871,"text":"70188871 - 2015 - Provenance and detrital zircon geochronologic evolution of lower Brookian foreland basin deposits of the western Brooks Range, Alaska, and implications for early Brookian tectonism","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T10:57:20","indexId":"70188871","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1820,"text":"Geosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Provenance and detrital zircon geochronologic evolution of lower Brookian foreland basin deposits of the western Brooks Range, Alaska, and implications for early Brookian tectonism","docAbstract":"The Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous part of the Brookian sequence of northern Alaska consists of syntectonic deposits shed from the north-directed, early Brookian orogenic belt. We employ sandstone petrography, detrital zircon U-Pb age analysis, and zircon fission-track double-dating methods to investigate these deposits in a succession of thin regional thrust sheets in the western Brooks Range and in the adjacent Colville foreland basin to determine sediment provenance, sedimentary dispersal patterns, and to reconstruct the evolution of the Brookian orogen. The oldest and structurally highest deposits are allochthonous Upper Jurassic volcanic arc–derived sandstones that rest on accreted ophiolitic and/or subduction assemblage mafic igneous rocks. These strata contain a nearly unimodal Late Jurassic zircon population and are interpreted to be a fragment of a forearc basin that was emplaced onto the Brooks Range during arc-continent collision. Synorogenic deposits found at structurally lower levels contain decreasing amounts of ophiolite and arc debris, Jurassic zircons, and increasing amounts of continentally derived sedimentary detritus accompanied by broadly distributed late Paleozoic and Triassic (359–200 Ma), early Paleozoic (542–359 Ma), and Paleoproterozoic (2000–1750 Ma) zircon populations. The zircon populations display fission-track evidence of cooling during the Brookian event and evidence of an earlier episode of cooling in the late Paleozoic and Triassic. Surprisingly, there is little evidence for erosion of the continental basement of Arctic Alaska, its Paleozoic sedimentary cover, or its hinterland metamorphic rocks in early foreland basin strata at any structural and/or stratigraphic level in the western Brooks Range. Detritus from exhumation of these sources did not arrive in the foreland basin until the middle or late Albian in the central part of the Colville Basin.
These observations indicate that two primary provenance areas provided detritus to the early Brookian foreland basin of the western Brooks Range: (1) local sources in the oceanic Angayucham terrane, which forms the upper plate of the orogen, and (2) a sedimentary source region outside of northern Alaska. Pre-Jurassic zircons and continental grain types suggest the latter detritus was derived from a thick succession of Triassic turbidites in the Russian Far East that were originally shed from source areas in the Uralian-Taimyr orogen and deposited in the South Anyui Ocean, interpreted here as an early Mesozoic remnant basin. Structural thickening and northward emplacement onto the continental margin of Chukotka during the Brookian structural event are proposed to have led to development of a highland source area located in eastern Chukotka, Wrangel Island, and Herald Arch region. The abundance of detritus from this source area in most of the samples argues that the Colville Basin and ancestral foreland basins were supplied by longitudinal sediment dispersal systems that extended eastward along the Brooks Range orogen and were tectonically recycled into the active foredeep as the thrust front propagated toward the foreland. Movement of clastic sedimentary material from eastern Chukotka, Wrangel Island, and Herald Arch into Brookian foreland basins in northern Alaska confirms the interpretations of previous workers that the Brookian deformational belt extends into the Russian Far East and demonstrates that the Arctic Alaska–Chukotka microplate was a unified geologic entity by the Early Cretaceous.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/GES01043.1","usgsCitation":"Moore, T.E., O’Sullivan, P.B., Potter, C.J., and Donelick, R.A., 2015, Provenance and detrital zircon geochronologic evolution of lower Brookian foreland basin deposits of the western Brooks Range, Alaska, and implications for early Brookian tectonism: Geosphere, v. 11, no. 1, p. 93-122, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01043.1.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"93","endPage":"122","ipdsId":"IP-051392","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472564,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/ges01043.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":342939,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Brooks Range","volume":"11","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59536eabe4b062508e3c7a93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, Thomas E. 0000-0002-0878-0457 tmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0878-0457","contributorId":127538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Thomas","email":"tmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":662,"text":"Western Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Sullivan, Paul B.","contributorId":193544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Sullivan","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Potter, Christopher J. 0000-0002-2300-6670 cpotter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2300-6670","contributorId":1026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Potter","given":"Christopher","email":"cpotter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Donelick, Raymond A.","contributorId":193545,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Donelick","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70189247,"text":"70189247 - 2015 - Levelling and merging of two discrete national-scale geochemical databases: A case study showing the surficial expression of metalliferous black shales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-06T15:15:09","indexId":"70189247","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Levelling and merging of two discrete national-scale geochemical databases: A case study showing the surficial expression of metalliferous black shales","docAbstract":"Government-sponsored, national-scale, soil and sediment geochemical databases are used to estimate regional and local background concentrations for environmental issues, identify possible anthropogenic contamination, estimate mineral endowment, explore for new mineral deposits, evaluate nutrient levels for agriculture, and establish concentration relationships with human or animal health. Because of these different uses, it is difficult for any single database to accommodate all the needs of each client. Smith et al. (2013, p. 168) reviewed six national-scale soil and sediment geochemical databases for the United States (U.S.) and, for each, evaluated “its appropriateness as a national-scale geochemical database and its usefulness for national-scale geochemical mapping.” Each of the evaluated databases has strengths and weaknesses that were listed in that review.
Two of these U.S. national-scale geochemical databases are similar in their sample media and collection protocols but have different strengths—primarily sampling density and analytical consistency. This project was implemented to determine whether those databases could be merged to produce a combined dataset that could be used for mineral resource assessments. The utility of the merged database was tested to see whether mapped distributions could identify metalliferous black shales at a national scale.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"27th International Applied Geochemistry Symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"27th International Applied Geochemistry Symposium","conferenceLocation":"Tucson, AZ","language":"English","publisher":"The Association of Applied Geochemists","usgsCitation":"Smith, S.M., Neilson, R.T., and Giles, S.A., 2015, Levelling and merging of two discrete national-scale geochemical databases: A case study showing the surficial expression of metalliferous black shales, in 27th International Applied Geochemistry Symposium, Tucson, AZ, 9 p.","productDescription":"9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-062624","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343441,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595f4c40e4b0d1f9f057e356","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, Steven M. 0000-0003-3591-5377 smsmith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3591-5377","contributorId":1460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Steven","email":"smsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neilson, Ryan T.","contributorId":194323,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neilson","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Giles, Stuart A. 0000-0002-8696-5078 sgiles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8696-5078","contributorId":1233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giles","given":"Stuart","email":"sgiles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70189246,"text":"70189246 - 2015 - Eocene and Miocene extension, meteoric fluid infiltration, and core complex formation in the Great Basin (Raft River Mountains, Utah)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-06T13:09:05","indexId":"70189246","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3524,"text":"Tectonics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Eocene and Miocene extension, meteoric fluid infiltration, and core complex formation in the Great Basin (Raft River Mountains, Utah)","docAbstract":"Metamorphic core complexes (MCCs) in the North American Cordillera reflect the effects of lithospheric extension and contribute to crustal adjustments both during and after a protracted subduction history along the Pacific plate margin. While the Miocene-to-recent history of most MCCs in the Great Basin, including the Raft River-Albion-Grouse Creek MCC, is well documented, early Cenozoic tectonic fabrics are commonly severely overprinted. We present stable isotope, geochronological (40Ar/39Ar), and microstructural data from the Raft River detachment shear zone. Hydrogen isotope ratios of syntectonic white mica (δ2Hms) from mylonitic quartzite within the shear zone are very low (−90‰ to −154‰, Vienna SMOW) and result from multiphase synkinematic interaction with surface-derived fluids. 40Ar/39Ar geochronology reveals Eocene (re)crystallization of white mica with δ2Hms ≥ −154‰ in quartzite mylonite of the western segment of the detachment system. These δ2Hms values are distinctively lower than in localities farther east (δ2Hms ≥ −125‰), where 40Ar/39Ar geochronological data indicate Miocene (18–15 Ma) extensional shearing and mylonitic fabric formation. These data indicate that very low δ2H surface-derived fluids penetrated the brittle-ductile transition as early as the mid-Eocene during a first phase of exhumation along a detachment rooted to the east. In the eastern part of the core complex, prominent top-to-the-east ductile shearing, mid-Miocene 40Ar/39Ar ages, and higher δ2H values of recrystallized white mica, indicate Miocene structural and isotopic overprinting of Eocene fabrics.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2014TC003766","usgsCitation":"Methner, K., Mulch, A., Teyssier, C., Wells, M.L., Cosca, M.A., Gottardi, R., Gebelin, A., and Chamberlain, C.P., 2015, Eocene and Miocene extension, meteoric fluid infiltration, and core complex formation in the Great Basin (Raft River Mountains, Utah): Tectonics, v. 34, no. 4, p. 680-693, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014TC003766.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"680","endPage":"693","ipdsId":"IP-062317","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487575,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014tc003766","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":343413,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Raft River Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.5,\n 41.850127648557326\n ],\n [\n -113.25,\n 41.850127648557326\n ],\n [\n -113.25,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -113.5,\n 42\n ],\n [\n -113.5,\n 41.850127648557326\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"34","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"595f4c41e4b0d1f9f057e358","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Methner, Katharina","contributorId":194316,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Methner","given":"Katharina","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703707,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mulch, Andreas","contributorId":194317,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mulch","given":"Andreas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Teyssier, Christian","contributorId":193450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Teyssier","given":"Christian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wells, Michael L.","contributorId":194318,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wells","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Cosca, Michael A. 0000-0002-0600-7663 mcosca@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0600-7663","contributorId":1000,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cosca","given":"Michael","email":"mcosca@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gottardi, Raphael 0000-0002-6774-1343","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6774-1343","contributorId":194320,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gottardi","given":"Raphael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7155,"text":"University of Louisiana at Lafayette","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":703712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Gebelin, Aude","contributorId":194321,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gebelin","given":"Aude","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703713,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Chamberlain, C. Page","contributorId":194322,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chamberlain","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Page","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":703714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ]}