{"pageNumber":"1236","pageRowStart":"30875","pageSize":"25","recordCount":46734,"records":[{"id":70020942,"text":"70020942 - 1998 - Regional characterization of land cover using multiple sources of data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-23T13:08:01","indexId":"70020942","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional characterization of land cover using multiple sources of data","docAbstract":"Many organizations require accurate intermediate-scale land-cover information for many applications, including modeling nutrient and pesticide runoff, understanding spatial patterns of biodiversity, land-use planning, and policy development. While many techniques have been successfully used to classify land cover in relatively small regions, there are substantial obstacles in applying these methods to large, multiscene regions. The purpose of this study was to generate and evaluate a large region land-cover classification product using a multiple-layer land-characteristics database approach. To derive land-cover information, mosaicked Landsat thematic mapper (TM) scenes were analyzed in conjunction with digital elevation data (and derived slope, aspect, and shaded relief), population census information, Defense Meteorological Satellite Program city lights data, prior land-use and land-cover data, digital line graph data, and National Wetlands Inventory data. Both leaf-on and leaf-off TM data sets were analyzed. The study area was U.S. Federal Region III, which includes the states of Pennsylvania, Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, and West Virginia. The general procedure involved (1) generating mosaics of multiple scenes of leaves-on TM data using histogram equalization methods; (2) clustering mosaics into 100 spectral classes using unsupervised classification; (3) interpreting and labeling spectral classes into approximately 15 land-cover categories (analogous to Anderson Level 1 and 2 classes) using aerial photographs; (4) developing decision-making rules and models using from one to several ancillary data layers to resolve confusion in spectral classes that represented two or more targeted land-cover categories; and (5) incorporating data from other sources (for example, leaf-off TM data and National Wetlands Inventory data) to yield a final land-cover product. Although standard accuracy assessments were not done, a series of consistency checks using available sources of land-cover information were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of this approach for generating accurate land-cover information for large regions.","language":"English","publisher":"ASPRS","issn":"00991112","usgsCitation":"Vogelmann, J., Sohl, T., and Howard, S.M., 1998, Regional characterization of land cover using multiple sources of data: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 64, no. 1, p. 45-57.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"57","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"64","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a4b2e4b0e8fec6cdbc0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vogelmann, James E. 0000-0002-0804-5823","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-5823","contributorId":16604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogelmann","given":"James E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sohl, Terry L. 0000-0002-9771-4231","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9771-4231","contributorId":72157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohl","given":"Terry L.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":388051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howard, Stephen M. 0000-0001-5255-5882 smhoward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5255-5882","contributorId":3483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"Stephen","email":"smhoward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":388050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020638,"text":"70020638 - 1998 - Black shale source rocks and oil generation in the Cambrian and Ordovician of the central Appalachian Basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-23T16:34:04.281277","indexId":"70020638","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Black shale source rocks and oil generation in the Cambrian and Ordovician of the central Appalachian Basin, USA","docAbstract":"<p>Nearly 600 million bbl of oil (MMBO) and 1 to 1.5 trillion ft<sup>3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>(tcf) of gas have been produced from Cambrian and Ordovician reservoirs (carbonate and sandstone) in the Ohio part of the Appalachian basin and on adjoining arches in Ohio, Indiana, and Ontario, Canada. Most of the oil and gas is concentrated in the giant Lima-Indiana field on the Findlay and Kankakee arches and in small fields distributed along the Knox unconformity. Based on new geochemical analyses of oils, potential source rocks, bitumen extracts, and previously published geochemical data, we conclude that the oils in both groups of fields originated from Middle and Upper Ordovician black shale (Utica and Antes shales) in the Appalachian basin. Moreover, we suggest that approximately 300 MMBO and many trillions of cubic feet of gas in the Lower Silurian Clinton sands of eastern Ohio originated in these same source rocks.</p><p>Oils from the Cambrian and Ordovician reservoirs have similar saturated hydrocarbon compositions, biomarker distributions, and carbon isotope signatures. Regional variations in the oils are attributed to differences in thermal maturation rather than to differences in source. Total organic carbon content, genetic potential, regional extent, and bitumen extract geochemistry identify the black shale of the Utica and Antes shales as the most plausible source of the oils. Other Cambrian and Ordovician shale and carbonate units, such as the Wells Creek formation, which rests on the Knox unconformity, and the Rome Formation and Conasauga Group in the Rome trough, are considered to be only local petroleum sources. T<sub>max</sub>, CAI, and pyrolysis yields from drill-hole cuttings and core indicate that the Utica Shale in eastern and central Ohio is mature with respect to oil generation. Burial, thermal, and hydrocarbon-generation history models suggest that much of the oil was generated from the Utica-Antes source in the late Paleozoic during the Alleghanian orogeny. A pervasive fracture network controlled by basement tectonics aided in the distribution of oil from the source to the trap. This fracture network permitted oil to move laterally and stratigraphically downsection through eastward-dipping, impermeable carbonate sequences to carrier zones such as the Middle Ordovician Knox unconformity, and to reservoirs such as porous dolomite in the Middle Ordovician Trenton Limestone in the Lima-Indiana field. Some of the oil and gas from the Utica-Antes source escaped vertically through a partially fractured, leaky Upper Ordovician shale seal into widespread Lower Silurian sandstone reservoirs.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK, United States","doi":"10.1306/1D9BC42B-172D-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Ryder, R.T., Burruss, R.C., and Hatch, J.R., 1998, Black shale source rocks and oil generation in the Cambrian and Ordovician of the central Appalachian Basin, USA: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 82, no. 3, p. 412-441, https://doi.org/10.1306/1D9BC42B-172D-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"412","endPage":"441","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231461,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Ohio, Ontario","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84.70367437441058,\n              39.161847676110966\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.88005376673874,\n              38.74252200514232\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.1599561441444,\n              38.64227211891057\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.38865974012911,\n              38.849325957871486\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.41038430121363,\n              39.297406099259746\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.6644029448496,\n              40.032353876452305\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.49540711272323,\n              40.80604811875986\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.47344729293087,\n              43.772588723474485\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.04208676537056,\n              43.337577130469754\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.47590595449462,\n              42.754178182808545\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.11565831279626,\n              42.2408992907873\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.53546282050165,\n              41.65261558342917\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.83900205079425,\n              41.678467485609616\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.70367437441058,\n              39.161847676110966\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"82","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f1dbe4b0c8380cd4ae72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ryder, Robert T. rryder@usgs.gov","contributorId":119319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ryder","given":"Robert","email":"rryder@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":596,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey National Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":386967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burruss, Robert C 0000-0001-6827-804X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6827-804X","contributorId":119735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burruss","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"C","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hatch, Joseph R. 0000-0001-9257-0278 jrhatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-0278","contributorId":722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Joseph","email":"jrhatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":386966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020864,"text":"70020864 - 1998 - Data from selected U.S. Geological Survey National Stream Water Quality Monitoring Networks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-16T10:22:46","indexId":"70020864","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Data from selected U.S. Geological Survey National Stream Water Quality Monitoring Networks","docAbstract":"<p><span>A nationally consistent and well-documented collection of water quality and quantity data compiled during the past 30 years for streams and rivers in the United States is now available on CD-ROM and accessible over the World Wide Web. The data include measurements from two U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) national networks for 122 physical, chemical, and biological properties of water collected at 680 monitoring stations from 1962 to 1995, quality assurance information that describes the sample collection agencies, laboratories, analytical methods, and estimates of laboratory measurement error (bias and variance), and information on selected cultural and natural characteristics of the station watersheds. The data are easily accessed via user-supplied software including Web browser, spreadsheet, and word processor, or may be queried and printed according to user-specified criteria using the supplied retrieval software on CD-ROM. The water quality data serve a variety of scientific uses including research and educational applications related to trend detection, flux estimation, investigations of the effects of the natural environment and cultural sources on water quality, and the development of statistical methods for designing efficient monitoring networks and interpreting water resources data.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/98WR01530","usgsCitation":"Alexander, R.B., Slack, J.R., Ludtke, A.S., Fitzgerald, K.K., and Schertz, T.L., 1998, Data from selected U.S. Geological Survey National Stream Water Quality Monitoring Networks: Water Resources Research, v. 34, no. 9, p. 2401-2405, https://doi.org/10.1029/98WR01530.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"2401","endPage":"2405","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487411,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/98wr01530","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":229641,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd83e4b0c8380cd4e873","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alexander, Richard B. 0000-0001-9166-0626 ralex@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9166-0626","contributorId":541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alexander","given":"Richard","email":"ralex@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":387809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slack, James R.","contributorId":43778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387807,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ludtke, Amy S. asludtke@usgs.gov","contributorId":4735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludtke","given":"Amy","email":"asludtke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":387805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fitzgerald, Kathleen K.","contributorId":59847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzgerald","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387806,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schertz, Terry L. tschertz@usgs.gov","contributorId":188,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schertz","given":"Terry","email":"tschertz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":387808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70020990,"text":"70020990 - 1998 - Selection of forage-fish schools by Murrelets and Tufted Puffins in Prince William Sound, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-15T14:47:59","indexId":"70020990","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selection of forage-fish schools by Murrelets and Tufted Puffins in Prince William Sound, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>We collected hydroacoustic and bird-observation data simultaneously along transects in three areas in Prince William Sound, Alaska, 21 July-11 August 1995. The probability of the association of fish schools with Marbled Murrelets (<i>Brachyramphus marmoratus</i>) and Tufted Puffins (<i>Fratercula cirrhata</i>) was determined through the use of resource selection functions based on logistic regression. Mean (± SD) group sizes were small for both species, 1.7 ± 1.1 and 1.2 ± 0.7 for Marbled Murrelets and Tufted Puffins, respectively. Oceanographically, all study areas were stratified with synchronous thermo- and pycnoclines (a water layer of increasing temperature and density, respectively, with increasing depth). Our analysis indicated that Tufted Puffins selected fish schools near their colony, whereas Marbled Murrelets selected smaller, denser fish schools in shallower habitats. We suggest that murrelets selected shallower habitats in response to lower maximum diving depths than puffins. Small feeding-groups size is discussed in terms of foraging theory and as a consequence of dispersed, low density food resources.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/1370269","usgsCitation":"Ostrand, W.D., Coyle, K., Drew, G.S., Maniscalco, J.M., and Irons, D.B., 1998, Selection of forage-fish schools by Murrelets and Tufted Puffins in Prince William Sound, Alaska: The Condor, v. 100, no. 2, p. 286-297, https://doi.org/10.2307/1370269.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"286","endPage":"297","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":487373,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1370269","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":230164,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Prince William Sound","volume":"100","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8cd0e4b08c986b31813f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ostrand, William D.","contributorId":90898,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ostrand","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":609,"text":"Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":388213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coyle, Kenneth O.","contributorId":8632,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coyle","given":"Kenneth O.","affiliations":[{"id":12548,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks, School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":388210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Drew, Gary S. 0000-0002-6789-0891 gdrew@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6789-0891","contributorId":3311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drew","given":"Gary","email":"gdrew@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":388214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maniscalco, John M.","contributorId":26473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maniscalco","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Irons, David B.","contributorId":63658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irons","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70020207,"text":"70020207 - 1998 - Nonlinear refraction and reflection travel time tomography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-16T13:20:13","indexId":"70020207","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nonlinear refraction and reflection travel time tomography","docAbstract":"We develop a rapid nonlinear travel time tomography method that simultaneously inverts refraction and reflection travel times on a regular velocity grid. For travel time and ray path calculations, we apply a wave front method employing graph theory. The first-arrival refraction travel times are calculated on the basis of cell velocities, and the later refraction and reflection travel times are computed using both cell velocities and given interfaces. We solve a regularized nonlinear inverse problem. A Laplacian operator is applied to regularize the model parameters (cell slownesses and reflector geometry) so that the inverse problem is valid for a continuum. The travel times are also regularized such that we invert travel time curves rather than travel time points. A conjugate gradient method is applied to minimize the nonlinear objective function. After obtaining a solution, we perform nonlinear Monte Carlo inversions for uncertainty analysis and compute the posterior model covariance. In numerical experiments, we demonstrate that combining the first arrival refraction travel times with later reflection travel times can better reconstruct the velocity field as well as the reflector geometry. This combination is particularly important for modeling crustal structures where large velocity variations occur in the upper crust. We apply this approach to model the crustal structure of the California Borderland using ocean bottom seismometer and land data collected during the Los Angeles Region Seismic Experiment along two marine survey lines. Details of our image include a high-velocity zone under the Catalina Ridge, but a smooth gradient zone between. Catalina Ridge and San Clemente Ridge. The Moho depth is about 22 km with lateral variations. Copyright 1998 by the American Geophysical Union.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1029/98JB01981","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Zhang, J., ten Brink, U., and Toksoz, M., 1998, Nonlinear refraction and reflection travel time tomography: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 103, no. B12, p. 29743-29757, https://doi.org/10.1029/98JB01981.","startPage":"29743","endPage":"29757","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479771,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/98jb01981","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":230968,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":295333,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1029/98JB01981"}],"volume":"103","issue":"B12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-12-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a678ce4b0c8380cd733b5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhang, Jiahua","contributorId":35479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhang","given":"Jiahua","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"ten Brink, Uri S. 0000-0001-6858-3001 utenbrink@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3001","contributorId":127560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"ten Brink","given":"Uri S.","email":"utenbrink@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":385397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Toksoz, M.N.","contributorId":10579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toksoz","given":"M.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020252,"text":"70020252 - 1998 - Real-time monitoring of bluff stability at Woodway, Washington, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:44","indexId":"70020252","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Real-time monitoring of bluff stability at Woodway, Washington, USA","docAbstract":"On January 15, 1997, a landslide of approximately 100,000-m3 from a coastal bluff swept five cars of a freight train into Puget Sound at Woodway, Washington, USA, 25 km north of downtown Seattle. The landslide resulted from failure of a sequence of dense sands and hard silts of glacial and non-glacial origin, including the Lawton Clay, a hard, jointed clayey silt that rarely fails in natural slopes. Joints controlled ground-water seepage through the silt and break-up of the landslide mass. During September of 1997, the US Geological Survey began measuring rainfall, ground-water pressures, and slope movement at the bluff where the landslide occurred. Data are collected every 15 minutes and updated hourly on the World-Wide-Web. Pore pressures observed from September 1997 to February 1998 generally were low and pressures near the bluff face, in the upper few meters of the hard clayey silt, increased gradually.","largerWorkTitle":"The geotechnics of hard soils - soft rocks. Proceedings of the second international symopsium on hard soils-soft rocks, Naples, October 1998. (Two volumes).","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the second international symposium on hard soils-soft rocks 1998.","conferenceDate":"12 October 2098 through 14 October 2098","conferenceLocation":"Naples","language":"English","publisherLocation":"A.A.Balkema","isbn":"9058090183","usgsCitation":"Baum, R., Harp, E.L., Likos, W., Powers, P.S., and LaHusen, R., 1998, Real-time monitoring of bluff stability at Woodway, Washington, USA, <i>in</i> The geotechnics of hard soils - soft rocks. Proceedings of the second international symopsium on hard soils-soft rocks, Naples, October 1998. (Two volumes)., Naples, 12 October 2098 through 14 October 2098, p. 1057-1065.","startPage":"1057","endPage":"1065","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230970,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a95a9e4b0c8380cd81b6a","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Evangelista A.Picarelli L.Evangelista A.Picarelli L.","contributorId":128405,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Evangelista A.Picarelli L.Evangelista A.Picarelli L.","id":536463,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Baum, R.L.","contributorId":68752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baum","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harp, E. L.","contributorId":59026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harp","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Likos, W.J.","contributorId":102338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Likos","given":"W.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Powers, P. S.","contributorId":37754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powers","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"LaHusen, R.G.","contributorId":105742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaHusen","given":"R.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70187661,"text":"70187661 - 1998 - North American landscape characterization project: The production of a continental scale three-decade Landsat data set","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-24T18:23:13.527549","indexId":"70187661","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1753,"text":"Geocarto International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"North American landscape characterization project: The production of a continental scale three-decade Landsat data set","docAbstract":"<p>The North American Landscape Characterization (NALC) project is a component of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Landsat Pathfinder program. Pathfinder projects are focused on the investigation of global change utilizing current remote sensing technologies. The NALC project is a cooperative effort between the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), and NASA to make Landsat data available to the widest possible user community for scientific research and general public interest. The NALC project is principally funded by the EPA Office of Research and Development and the USGS's Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Data Center (EDC).</p><p>The objectives of the NALC project are to produce standardized remote sensing data sets, develop standardized analysis methods, and derive standardized land cover change products for a large portion of the North American continent (the conterminous United States and Mexico) (Lunetta and Sturdevant, 1993). The standard product is the NALC “triplicate”;, consisting of co‐registered Landsat multispectral scanner data for the years 1973, 1986, and 1991 (plus or minus one year), plus co‐registered 3 arcsecond digital terrain elevation data. Processing began with the 1986 scene, which was precision corrected (with full terrain correction) to a 60 meter Universal Transverse Mercator base. Automated cross‐correlation procedures were used to co‐register the 1970's and 1990's data to the 1980's base, and independent verifications of registration quality were performed on all triplicate components. The pertinent metadata were compiled in a relational database, which includes WRS2 path/rows, scene ID's, image dates, solar azimuth and elevation, verification RMSE's, and the number of verification control points. NALC triplicate data sets are being used for a number of applications, including the analysis of urbanization patterns, dynamics of climatic fluctuations, deforestation studies, and vegetation classification and mapping. These data are being distributed through the Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS) Information Management System (IMS) at a cost of $15(U.S.) for each triplicate.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10106049809354651","usgsCitation":"Sohl, T.L., and Dwyer, J.L., 1998, North American landscape characterization project: The production of a continental scale three-decade Landsat data set: Geocarto International, v. 13, no. 3, p. 43-51, https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049809354651.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"51","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341202,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5916c9bbe4b044b359e486be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sohl, Terry L. 0000-0002-9771-4231 sohl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9771-4231","contributorId":648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohl","given":"Terry","email":"sohl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dwyer, John L. 0000-0002-8281-0896 dwyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8281-0896","contributorId":3481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"John","email":"dwyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020851,"text":"70020851 - 1998 - Shallow velocity structure of Stromboli Volcano, Italy, derived from small-aperture array measurements of Strombolian tremor","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-22T14:24:11.347183","indexId":"70020851","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Shallow velocity structure of Stromboli Volcano, Italy, derived from small-aperture array measurements of Strombolian tremor","docAbstract":"<div id=\"135495192\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>The properties of the tremor wave field at Stromboli are analyzed using data from small-aperture arrays of short-period seismometers deployed on the north flank of the volcano. The seismometers are configured in two semi-circular arrays with radii of 60 and 150 m and a linear array with length of 600 m. The data are analyzed using a spatiotemporal correlation technique specifically designed for the study of the stationary stochastic wave field of Rayleigh and Love waves generated by volcanic activity and by scattering sources distributed within the island. The correlation coefficients derived as a function of frequency for the three components of motion clearly define the dispersion characteristics for both Rayleigh and Love waves. Love and Rayleigh waves contribute 70% and 30%, respectively, of the surface-wave power. The phase velocities of Rayleigh waves range from 1000 m/sec at 2 Hz to 350 m/sec at 9 Hz, and those for Love waves range from 800 to 400 m/sec over the same frequency band. These velocities are similar to those measured near Puu Oo on the east rift of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, although the dispersion characteristics of Rayleigh waves at Stromboli show a stronger dependence on frequency. Such low velocities are consistent with values expected for densely cracked solidified basalt. The dispersion curves are inverted for a velocity model beneath the arrays, assuming those dispersions represent the fundamental modes of Rayleigh and Love waves.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/BSSA0880030653","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Chouet, B., De Luca, G., Milana, G., Dawson, P., Martini, M., and Scarpa, R., 1998, Shallow velocity structure of Stromboli Volcano, Italy, derived from small-aperture array measurements of Strombolian tremor: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 88, no. 3, p. 653-666, https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0880030653.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"653","endPage":"666","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230078,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Italy","otherGeospatial":"Stromboli volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              15.109682985862406,\n              38.87565848644624\n            ],\n            [\n              15.109682985862406,\n              38.70332171526812\n            ],\n            [\n              15.360995241721668,\n              38.70332171526812\n            ],\n            [\n              15.360995241721668,\n              38.87565848644624\n            ],\n            [\n              15.109682985862406,\n              38.87565848644624\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"88","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8e44e4b08c986b31882b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chouet, B.","contributorId":68465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chouet","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"De Luca, G.","contributorId":88095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"De Luca","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Milana, G.","contributorId":23700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milana","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dawson, P. 0000-0003-4065-0588","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4065-0588","contributorId":49529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Martini, M.","contributorId":24909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martini","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Scarpa, R.","contributorId":64818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scarpa","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70020531,"text":"70020531 - 1998 - An improved technique for modeling initial reservoir hydrocarbon saturation distributions: Applications in Illinois (USA) aux vases oil reservoirs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:16","indexId":"70020531","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2419,"text":"Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An improved technique for modeling initial reservoir hydrocarbon saturation distributions: Applications in Illinois (USA) aux vases oil reservoirs","docAbstract":"An improved technique for modeling the initial reservoir hydrocarbon saturation distributions is presented. In contrast to the Leverett J-function approach, this methodology (hereby termed flow-unit-derived initial oil saturation or FUSOI) determines the distributions of the initial oil saturations from a measure of the mean hydraulic radius, referred to as the flow zone indicator (FZI). FZI is derived from porosity and permeability data. In the FUSOI approach, capillary pressure parameters, S(wir), P(d), and ??, derived from the Brooks and Corey (1966) model [Brooks, R.H., Corey, A.T., 1966. Hydraulic properties of porous media, Hydrology Papers, Colorado State Univ., Ft. Collins, No. 3, March.], are correlated to the FZI. Subsequent applications of these parameters then permit the computation of improved hydrocarbon saturations as functions of FZI and height above the free water level (FWL). This technique has been successfully applied in the Mississippian Aux Vases Sandstone reservoirs of the Illinois Basin (USA). The Aux Vases Zeigler field (Franklin County, IL, USA) was selected for a field-wide validation of this FUSOI approach because of the availability of published studies. With the initial oil saturations determined on a depth-by-depth basis in cored wells, it was possible to geostatistically determine the three-dimensional (3-D) distributions of initial oil saturations in the Zeigler field. The original oil-in-place (OOIP), computed from the detailed initialization of the 3-D reservoir simulation model of the Zeigler field, was found to be within 5.6% of the result from a rigorous material balance method.An improved technique for modeling the initial reservoir hydrocarbon saturation distributions is presented. In contrast to the Leverett J-function approach, this methodology (hereby termed flow-unit-derived initial oil saturation or FUSOI) determines the distributions of the initial oil saturations from a measure of the mean hydraulic radius, referred to as the flow zone indicator (FZI). FZI is derived from porosity and permeability data. In the FUSOI approach, capillary pressure parameters, Swir, Pd, and ??, derived from the Brooks and Corey (1966) model, are correlated to the FZI. Subsequent applications of these parameters then permit the computation of improved hydrocarbon saturations as functions of FZI and height above the free water level (FWL). This technique has been successfully applied in the Mississippian Aux Vases Sandstone reservoirs of the Illinois Basin (USA). The Aux Vases Zeigler field (Franklin County, IL, USA) was selected for a field-wide validation of this FUSOI approach because of the availability of published studies. With the initial oil saturations determined on a depth-by-depth basis in cored wells, it was possible to geostatistically determine the three-dimensional (3-D) distributions of initial oil saturations in the Zeigler field. The original oil-in-place (OOIP), computed from the detailed initialization of the 3-D reservoir simulation model of the Zeigler field, was found to be within 5.6% of the result from a rigorous material balance method.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Sci B.V.","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/S0920-4105(98)00075-8","issn":"09204105","usgsCitation":"Udegbunam, E., and Amaefule, J., 1998, An improved technique for modeling initial reservoir hydrocarbon saturation distributions: Applications in Illinois (USA) aux vases oil reservoirs: Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, v. 21, no. 3-4, p. 143-152, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0920-4105(98)00075-8.","startPage":"143","endPage":"152","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206987,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0920-4105(98)00075-8"},{"id":231493,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea73e4b0c8380cd48884","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Udegbunam, E.","contributorId":98072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Udegbunam","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Amaefule, J.O.","contributorId":60407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amaefule","given":"J.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70187662,"text":"70187662 - 1998 - Satellite radar interferometry measures deformation at Okmok Volcano","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T14:18:32","indexId":"70187662","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Satellite radar interferometry measures deformation at Okmok Volcano","docAbstract":"<p><span>The center of the Okmok caldera in Alaska subsided 140 cm as a result of its February– April 1997 eruption, according to satellite data from ERS-1 and ERS-2 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry. The inferred deflationary source was located 2.7 km beneath the approximate center of the caldera using a point source deflation model. Researchers believe this source is a magma chamber about 5 km from the eruptive source vent. During the 3 years before the eruption, the center of the caldera uplifted by about 23 cm, which researchers believe was a pre-emptive inflation of the magma chamber. Scientists say such measurements demonstrate that radar interferometry is a promising spaceborne technique for monitoring remote volcanoes. Frequent, routine acquisition of images with SAR interferometry could make near realtime monitoring at such volcanoes the rule, aiding in eruption forecasting.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/98EO00348","usgsCitation":"Lu, Z., Mann, D., and Freymueller, J., 1998, Satellite radar interferometry measures deformation at Okmok Volcano: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 79, no. 39, p. 461-468, https://doi.org/10.1029/98EO00348.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"461","endPage":"468","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341204,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"39","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-10-19","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5916c9bbe4b044b359e486bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lu, Zhong 0000-0001-9181-1818 lu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9181-1818","contributorId":901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lu","given":"Zhong","email":"lu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":694988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mann, Dorte","contributorId":66876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"Dorte","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Freymueller, Jeff","contributorId":82190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freymueller","given":"Jeff","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020852,"text":"70020852 - 1998 - Analysis of transient storage subject to unsteady flow: Diel flow variation in an Antarctic stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T10:09:14","indexId":"70020852","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2564,"text":"Journal of the North American Benthological Society","onlineIssn":"1937-237X","printIssn":"0887-3593","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of transient storage subject to unsteady flow: Diel flow variation in an Antarctic stream","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div class=\"abstractSection abstractInFull\"><p class=\"first last\">Transport of dissolved material in streams and small rivers may be characterized using tracer-dilution methods and solute transport models. Recent studies have quantified stream/substream interactions using models of transient storage. These studies are based on tracer-dilution data obtained during periods of steady flow. We present a modeling framework for the analysis of transient storage in stream systems with unsteady flows. The framework couples a kinematic wave routing model with a solute transport model that includes transient storage. The routing model provides time-varying flows and cross-sectional areas that are used as input to the solute transport model. The modeling framework was used to quantify stream/substream interaction in Huey Creek, an Antarctic stream fed exclusively by glacial meltwater. Analysis of tracer-dilution data indicates that there was substantial interaction between the flowing surface water and the hyporheic (substream) zone. The ratio of storage zone area to stream cross-sectional area (A&lt;sub&gt;s&lt;/sub&gt;/A) was &gt;1 in all stream reaches, indicating that the substream area contributing to hyporheic exchange was large relative to stream cross-sectional area. The rate of exchange, as governed by the transient storage exchange coefficient (α), was rapid because of a high stream gradient and porous alluvial materials. Estimates of α generally exceed those determined for other small streams. The high degree of hyporheic exchange supports the hypothesis that weathering reactions within the hyporheos account for observed increases in solute concentration with stream length, as noted in other studies of Antarctic streams.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.2307/1467958","issn":"08873593","usgsCitation":"Runkel, R., McKnight, D.M., and Andrews, E., 1998, Analysis of transient storage subject to unsteady flow: Diel flow variation in an Antarctic stream: Journal of the North American Benthological Society, v. 17, no. 2, p. 143-154, https://doi.org/10.2307/1467958.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"143","endPage":"154","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":230079,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb44e4b0c8380cd48d11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Runkel, R.L.","contributorId":97529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"R.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":387769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andrews, E.D.","contributorId":13922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020360,"text":"70020360 - 1998 - Tritium-helium 3 dating under complex conditions in hydraulically stressed areas of a buried-valley aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-16T10:35:39","indexId":"70020360","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tritium-helium 3 dating under complex conditions in hydraulically stressed areas of a buried-valley aquifer","docAbstract":"<p><span>The&nbsp;</span><sup>3</sup><span>H-</span><sup>3</sup><span>He dating method is applied in a buried-valley aquifer near Dayton, Ohio. The study area is large, not all sampling locations lie along well-defined flow paths, and existing wells with variable screen lengths and diameters are used. Reliable use of the method at this site requires addressing several complications: (1) The flow system is disturbed because of high pumping rates and induced infiltration; (2) tritium contamination is present in several areas of the aquifer; and (3) radiogenic helium concentrations are elevated in a significant number of the wells. The<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>3</sup><span>H-</span><sup>3</sup><span>He ages are examined for self-consistency by comparing the reconstructed tritium evolution to the annual weighted tritium measured in precipitation; deviations result from dispersion, tritium contamination, and mixing.<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>3</sup><span>H-</span><sup>3</sup><span>He ages are next examined for consistency with chlorofluorocarbon ages; the agreement is poor because of degradation of CFCs. Finally, the<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>3</sup><span>H-</span><sup>3</sup><span>He ages are examined for consistency with the current understanding of local hydrologic processes; the ages are generally supported by hydrogeologic data and the results of groundwater flow modeling coupled with particle-tracking analyses.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/97WR03322","usgsCitation":"Shapiro, S.D., Rowe, G.L., Schlosser, P., Ludin, A., and Stute, M., 1998, Tritium-helium 3 dating under complex conditions in hydraulically stressed areas of a buried-valley aquifer: Water Resources Research, v. 34, no. 5, p. 1165-1180, https://doi.org/10.1029/97WR03322.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1165","endPage":"1180","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487337,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/97wr03322","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":231367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Ohio","city":"Dayton","volume":"34","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb874e4b08c986b32787e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shapiro, Stephanie Dunkle","contributorId":82738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shapiro","given":"Stephanie","email":"","middleInitial":"Dunkle","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rowe, Gary L. glrowe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1779,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowe","given":"Gary","email":"glrowe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":385952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schlosser, Peter","contributorId":50936,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlosser","given":"Peter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ludin, Andrea","contributorId":93232,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludin","given":"Andrea","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stute, Martin","contributorId":131127,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stute","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7254,"text":"Columbia University - Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":385953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70020809,"text":"70020809 - 1998 - Use of sublethal endpoints in sediment toxicity tests with the amphipod <i>Hyalella azteca</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-05T13:49:00","indexId":"70020809","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of sublethal endpoints in sediment toxicity tests with the amphipod <i>Hyalella azteca</i>","docAbstract":"<p>Short-term sediment toxicity tests that only measure effects on survival can be used to identify high levels of contamination but may not be able to identify marginally contaminated sediments. The objective of the present study was to develop a method for determining the potential sublethal effects of contaminants associated with sediment on the amphipod <i>Hyalella azteca</i> (e.g., reproduction). Exposures to sediment were started with 7- to 8-d-old amphipods. On day 28, amphipods were isolated from the sediment and placed in water-only chambers where reproduction was measured on day 35 and 42. Typically, amphipods were first in amplexus at about day 21 to 28 with release of the first brood between day 28 to 42. Endpoints measured included survival (day 28, 35, and 42), growth (as length and weight on day 28 and 42), and reproduction (number of young/female produced from day 28 to 42). This method was used to evaluate a formulated sediment and field-collected sediments with low to moderate concentrations of contaminants. Survival of amphipods in these sediments was typically &gt;85% after the 28-d sediment exposures and the 14-d holding period in water to measure reproduction. Reproduction was more variable than growth; hence, more replicates might be needed to establish statistical differences among treatments. Previous studies have demonstrated that growth of <i>H. azteca</i> in sediment tests often provides unique information that can be used to discriminate toxic effects of exposure to contaminants. Either length or weight can be measured in sediment tests with <i>H. azteca</i>. However, additional statistical options are available if length is measured on individual amphipods, such as nested analysis of variance that can account for variance in length within replicates. Ongoing water-only studies testing select contaminants will provide additional data on the relative sensitivity and variability of sublethal endpoints in toxicity tests with <i>H. azteca</i>.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620170811","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Ingersoll, C.G., Brunson, E., Dwyer, F.J., Hardesty, D., and Kemble, N.E., 1998, Use of sublethal endpoints in sediment toxicity tests with the amphipod <i>Hyalella azteca</i>: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 17, no. 8, p. 1508-1523, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620170811.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1508","endPage":"1523","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":489108,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zenodo.org/record/1236401","text":"External Repository"},{"id":230035,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-08-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbf8de4b08c986b329c17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ingersoll, Chris G.","contributorId":48008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingersoll","given":"Chris","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":387600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brunson, Eric L. 0000-0001-6624-0902 elbrunson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6624-0902","contributorId":3282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brunson","given":"Eric L.","email":"elbrunson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":387598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dwyer, F. James","contributorId":176136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dwyer","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":387601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hardesty, Douglas K. dhardesty@usgs.gov","contributorId":3281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hardesty","given":"Douglas K.","email":"dhardesty@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":387599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Kemble, Nile E. 0000-0002-3608-0538 nkemble@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3608-0538","contributorId":2626,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kemble","given":"Nile","email":"nkemble@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":387597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70020641,"text":"70020641 - 1998 - Hydrogen and oxygen isotope fractionation between brucite and aqueous NaCl solutions from 250 to 450°C","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-18T11:11:03","indexId":"70020641","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogen and oxygen isotope fractionation between brucite and aqueous NaCl solutions from 250 to 450°C","docAbstract":"<p><span>Hydrogen and oxygen isotope fractionation factors between brucite and aqueous NaCl solutions (1000ln&alpha;</span><sub>br-sw</sub><span>) have been calibrated by experiment from 250 to 450&deg;C at 0.5 Kb. For D/H fractionation, 1000ln&alpha;&nbsp;</span><sub>br-sw</sub><span>&nbsp;values are as follows: &minus;32 &plusmn; 6&permil; (250&deg;C, 3.2 wt% NaCl), &minus;21 &plusmn; 2&permil; (350&deg;C, 10.0 wt% NaCl), and &minus;22 &plusmn; 2&permil; (450&deg;C, 3.2 wt% NaCl), indicating that brucite is depleted in D relative to coexisting aqueous NaCl solutions. These results are in good agreement with previous D/H fractionation factors determined in the brucite-water system, indicating that any effects of dissolved salt on D/H fractionation are relatively small, particularly in solutions with near seawater salinity. The maximum salt effect (+4&permil;) was observed in 10.0 wt% NaCl solutions at 350&deg;C, suggesting that the addition of dissolved NaCl increases the amount of deuterium fractionated into mineral structures. For&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O/</span><sup>16</sup><span>O fractionation, 1000ln&alpha;</span><sub>br-sw</sub><span>&nbsp;values in 3.0 wt% NaCl solutions are &minus;6.0 &plusmn; 1.3&permil;, &minus;5.6 &plusmn; 0.7&permil; and &minus;4.1 &plusmn; 0.2&permil;, at 250, 350, and 450&deg;C, respectively, and &minus;5.8 &plusmn; 0.6&permil; in 10.0 wt % NaCl at 350&deg;C. These data indicate that brucite is depleted in&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O relative to coexisting aqueous NaCl solutions and that the degree of depletion decreases slightly with increasing temperature and is not strongly dependent on salinity. We calculated&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O/</span><sup>16</sup><span>O brucite-water fractionation factors from available calibrations of the salt-effect on&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O/</span><sup>16</sup><span>O fractionation between coexisting phases. The resulting values were fit to the following equation that is valid from 250 to 450&deg;C 1000ln &alpha;</span><sub>br-w</sub><span>&nbsp;= 9.54 &times; 10</span><sup>6</sup><i>T</i><sup>&minus;2</sup><span>&nbsp;&minus; 3.53 &times; 10</span><sup>4</sup><span>T</span><sup>&minus;1</sup><span>&nbsp;+ 26.58 where&nbsp;</span><i>T</i><span>&nbsp;is temperature in Kelvins. These new data have been used to improve the prediction of&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O/</span><sup>16</sup><span>O fractionation factors in the talc-water and serpentine-water systems by modifying existing empirical bond-water models. The results of this analysis indicate that the &delta;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O composition of talc-brucite and serpentine-brucite pairs could be used as a geothermometer and that these coexisting phases should display the following order of&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>O enrichment: talc &gt; serpentine &gt; brucite.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00346-3","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Saccocia, P.J., Seewald, J.S., and Shanks, W.C., 1998, Hydrogen and oxygen isotope fractionation between brucite and aqueous NaCl solutions from 250 to 450°C: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 62, no. 3, p. 485-492, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00346-3.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"485","endPage":"492","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230914,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3346e4b0c8380cd5ee93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saccocia, Peter J.","contributorId":75297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saccocia","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seewald, Jeffrey S.","contributorId":16596,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seewald","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shanks, Wayne C. III","contributorId":100527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanks","given":"Wayne","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020336,"text":"70020336 - 1998 - A controlled experiment in ground water flow model calibration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-07T12:28:36.028346","indexId":"70020336","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A controlled experiment in ground water flow model calibration","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group \"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Nonlinear regression was introduced to ground water modeling in the 1970s, but has been used very little to calibrate numerical models of complicated ground water systems. Apparently, nonlinear regression is thought by many to be incapable of addressing such complex problems. With what we believe to be the most complicated synthetic test case used for such a study, this work investigates using nonlinear regression in ground water model calibration. Results of the study fall into two categories. First, the study demonstrates how systematic use of a well designed nonlinear regression method can indicate the importance of different types of data and can lead to successive improvement of models and their parameterizations. Our method differs from previous methods presented in the ground water literature in that (1) weighting is more closely related to expected data errors than is usually the case; (2) defined diagnostic statistics allow for more effective evaluation of the available data, the model, and their interaction; and (3) prior information is used more cautiously. Second, our results challenge some commonly held beliefs about model calibration. For the test case considered, we show that (1) field measured values of hydraulic conductivity are not as directly applicable to models as their use in some geostatistical methods imply; (2) a unique model does not necessarily need to be identified to obtain accurate predictions; and (3) in the absence of obvious model bias, model error was normally distributed. The complexity of the test case involved implies that the methods used and conclusions drawn are likely to be powerful in practice.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1998.tb02824.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Hill, M.C., Cooley, R., and Pollock, D., 1998, A controlled experiment in ground water flow model calibration: Groundwater, v. 36, no. 3, p. 520-535, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1998.tb02824.x.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"520","endPage":"535","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230935,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-12-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e39ae4b0c8380cd46110","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, M. C.","contributorId":48993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cooley, R.L.","contributorId":9272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooley","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pollock, D.W.","contributorId":30967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollock","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70021044,"text":"70021044 - 1998 - Volcanism offshore of Vesuvius Volcano in Naples Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-07T13:18:31.461924","indexId":"70021044","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Volcanism offshore of Vesuvius Volcano in Naples Bay","docAbstract":"High-resolution seismic reflection data are used to identify structural features in Naples Bay near Vesuvius Volcano. Several buried seismic units with reflection-free interiors are probably volcanic deposits erupted during and since the formation of the breached crater of Monte Somma Volcano, which preceded the growth of Vesuvius. The presumed undersea volcanic deposits are limited in extent; thus, stratigraphie relationships cannot be established among them. Other features revealed by our data include (a) the warping of lowstand marine deposits by undersea cryptodomes located approximately 10 km from the summit of Vesuvius, (b) a succession of normal step faults that record seaward collapse of the volcano, and (c) a small undersea slump in the uppermost marine deposits of Naples Bay, which may be the result of nue??e ardentes that entered the sea during a major eruption of Vesuvius in 1631. Detection of these undersea features illustrates some capabilities of making detailed seismic reflection profiles across undersea volcanoes.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s004450050200","issn":"02588900","usgsCitation":"Milia, A., Mirabile, L., Torrente, M., and Dvorak, J., 1998, Volcanism offshore of Vesuvius Volcano in Naples Bay: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 59, no. 6, p. 404-413, https://doi.org/10.1007/s004450050200.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"404","endPage":"413","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229692,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Italy","otherGeospatial":"Vesuvius Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              14.265821488686527,\n              40.92940900824516\n            ],\n            [\n              14.265821488686527,\n              40.71116542675179\n            ],\n            [\n              14.620130570718146,\n              40.71116542675179\n            ],\n            [\n              14.620130570718146,\n              40.92940900824516\n            ],\n            [\n              14.265821488686527,\n              40.92940900824516\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"59","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc321e4b08c986b32af8d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milia, A.","contributorId":62778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milia","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mirabile, L.","contributorId":60398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mirabile","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Torrente, M.M.","contributorId":23707,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torrente","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dvorak, J.J.","contributorId":52597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dvorak","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70021081,"text":"70021081 - 1998 - Rate of strontium sorption and the effects of variable aqueous concentrations of sodium and potassium on strontium distribution coefficients of a surficial sediment at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:39","indexId":"70021081","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1539,"text":"Environmental Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rate of strontium sorption and the effects of variable aqueous concentrations of sodium and potassium on strontium distribution coefficients of a surficial sediment at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho","docAbstract":"The rate of strontium sorption and the effects of variable aqueous concentrations of sodium and potassium on strontium sorption were measured as part of an investigation to determine strontium chemical transport properties of a surficial sediment at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL), Idaho. Batch experimental techniques were used to determine the rate of strontium sorption and strontium distribution coefficients (K(d)s) between aqueous and solid phases. Rate experiments indicate that strontium in solution reached an apparent equilibrium with the sediment in 26 h. K(d)s were derived using the linear isotherm model at initial sodium concentrations from 100 to 5,000 mg/l and initial potassium concentrations from 2 to 150 mg/l. K(d)s ranged from 56 ?? 2 to 62 ?? 3 ml/g at initial aqueous concentrations of sodium and potassium equal to or less than 300 and 150 mg/l, respectively. K(d)s hinged from 4.7 ?? 0.2 to 19 ?? 1 ml/g with initial aqueous concentrations of sodium between 1,000 and 5,000 mg/l. These data indicate that sodium concentrations greater than 300 mg/l in wastewater increase the availability of strontium for transport beneath waste disposal ponds at the INEL by decreasing strontium sorption on the surficial sediment. Wastewater concentrations of sodium and potassium less than 300 and 150 mg/l, respectively, have little effect on the availability of strontium for transport.The rate of strontium sorption and the effects of variable aqueous concentrations of sodium and potassium on strontium sorption were measured as part of an investigation to determine strontium chemical transport properties of a surficial sediment at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL), Idaho. Batch experimental techniques were used to determine the rate of strontium sorption and strontium distribution coefficients (Kds) between aqueous and solid phases. Rate experiments indicate that strontium in solution reached an apparent equilibrium with the sediment in 26 h. Kds were derived using the linear isotherm model at initial sodium concentrations from 100 to 5,000 mg/l and initial potassium concentrations from 2 to 150 mg/l. Kds ranged from 56??2 to 62??3 ml/g at initial aqueous concentrations of sodium and potassium equal to or less than 300 and 150 mg/l, respectively. Kds ranged from 4.7??0.2 to 19??1 ml/g with initial aqueous concentrations of sodium between 1,000 and 5,000 mg/l. These data indicate that sodium concentrations greater than 300 mg/l in wastewater increase the availability of strontium for transport beneath waste disposal ponds at the INEL by decreasing strontium sorption on the surficial sediment. Wastewater concentrations of sodium and potassium less than 300 and 150 mg/l, respectively, have little effect on the availability of strontium for transport.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag GmbH & Company KG","publisherLocation":"Berlin, Germany","doi":"10.1007/s002540050264","issn":"09430105","usgsCitation":"Bunde, R., Rosentreter, J., and Liszewski, M.J., 1998, Rate of strontium sorption and the effects of variable aqueous concentrations of sodium and potassium on strontium distribution coefficients of a surficial sediment at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho: Environmental Geology, v. 34, no. 2-3, p. 135-142, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002540050264.","startPage":"135","endPage":"142","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229733,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206430,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002540050264"}],"volume":"34","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a953ae4b0c8380cd818a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bunde, R.L.","contributorId":35885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunde","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rosentreter, J.J.","contributorId":24394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosentreter","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liszewski, M. J.","contributorId":107308,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liszewski","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020814,"text":"70020814 - 1998 - Technical note assessing the accuracy of Landsat Thematic Mapper classification using double sampling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-14T17:15:54.643897","indexId":"70020814","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2068,"text":"International Journal of Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Technical note assessing the accuracy of Landsat Thematic Mapper classification using double sampling","docAbstract":"<p><span>Double sampling was used to provide a cost efficient estimate of the accuracy of a Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) classification map of a scene located in the Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado. In the first phase, 200 sample points were randomly selected to assess the accuracy between Landsat TM data and aerial photography. The overall accuracy and Kappa statistic were 49.5 per cent and 32.5 per cent, respectively. In the second phase, 25 sample points identified in the first phase were selected using stratified random sampling and located in the field. This information was used to correct for misclassification errors associated with the first phase samples. The overall accuracy and Kappa statistic increased to 59.6 per cent and 45.6 per cent, respectively.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"London, United Kingdom","doi":"10.1080/014311698214857","issn":"01431161","usgsCitation":"Kalkhan, M.A., Reich, R., and Stohlgren, T., 1998, Technical note assessing the accuracy of Landsat Thematic Mapper classification using double sampling: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 19, no. 11, p. 2049-2060, https://doi.org/10.1080/014311698214857.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"2049","endPage":"2060","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230115,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-11-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ede6e4b0c8380cd49ab0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kalkhan, M. A.","contributorId":82655,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kalkhan","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reich, R.M.","contributorId":68258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reich","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stohlgren, T.J.","contributorId":7217,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stohlgren","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70020413,"text":"70020413 - 1998 - Chemistry of unsaturated zone gases sampled in open boreholes at the crest of Yucca Mountain, Nevada: Data and basic concepts of chemical and physical processes in the mountain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-16T10:24:08","indexId":"70020413","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemistry of unsaturated zone gases sampled in open boreholes at the crest of Yucca Mountain, Nevada: Data and basic concepts of chemical and physical processes in the mountain","docAbstract":"<p><span>Boreholes open to the unsaturated zone at the crest of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, were variously sampled for CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>(including<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>13</sup><span>C and<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>14</sup><span>C), CH</span><sub>4</sub><span>, N</span><sub>2</sub><span>, O</span><sub>2</sub><span>, Ar, CFC-11, CFC-12, and CFC-113 from 1986 to 1993. Air enters the mountain in outcrops, principally on the eastern slope, is enriched in CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>by mixing with soil gas, and is advected to the mountain crest, where it returns to the atmosphere. The CFC data indicate that travel times of the advecting gas in the shallow Tiva Canyon hydrogeologic unit are ≤5 years. The<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>14</sup><span>C activities are postbomb to depths of 100 m, indicating little retardation of<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>14</sup><span>CO</span><sub>2</sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>in the shallow flow systems. The<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>14</sup><span>C activities from 168 to 404 m in the Topopah Spring hydrogeologic unit are 85–90 pMC at borehole USW-UZ6. The CFC data show that the drilling of USW-UZ6 in 1984 has altered the natural system by providing a conduit through the Paintbrush Nonwelded unit, allowing flow from Topopah Spring outcrops in Solitario Canyon on the west to USW-UZ6, upward in the borehole through the Paintbrush, to the shallow Tiva Canyon flow systems, and out of the mountain.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/98WR00267","usgsCitation":"Thorstenson, D.C., Weeks, E.P., Haas, H., Busenberg, E., Plummer, N., and Peters, C.A., 1998, Chemistry of unsaturated zone gases sampled in open boreholes at the crest of Yucca Mountain, Nevada: Data and basic concepts of chemical and physical processes in the mountain: Water Resources Research, v. 34, no. 6, p. 1507-1529, https://doi.org/10.1029/98WR00267.","productDescription":"23 p.","startPage":"1507","endPage":"1529","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479829,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/98wr00267","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":230943,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Yucca Mountain","volume":"34","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f5aee4b0c8380cd4c371","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thorstenson, Donald C.","contributorId":107323,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorstenson","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weeks, Edwin P. epweeks@usgs.gov","contributorId":2576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weeks","given":"Edwin","email":"epweeks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":386145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Haas, Herbert","contributorId":39794,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haas","given":"Herbert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Busenberg, Eurybiades ebusenbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busenberg","given":"Eurybiades","email":"ebusenbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":386147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":386148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Peters, Charles A. capeters@usgs.gov","contributorId":214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"Charles","email":"capeters@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":386144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70020822,"text":"70020822 - 1998 - Effect of calcium carbonate saturation of seawater on coral calcification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:51","indexId":"70020822","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1844,"text":"Global and Planetary Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of calcium carbonate saturation of seawater on coral calcification","docAbstract":"The carbonate chemistry of seawater is usually not considered to be an important factor influencing calcium-carbonate-precipitation by corals because surface seawater is supersaturated with respect to aragonite. Recent reports, however, suggest that it could play a major role in the evolution and biogeography of recent corals. We investigated the calcification rates of five colonies of the zooxanthellate coral Stylophora pistillata in synthetic seawater using the alkalinity anomaly technique. Changes in aragonite saturation from 98% to 585% were obtained by manipulating the calcium concentration. The results show a nonlinear increase in calcification rate as a function of aragonite saturation level. Calcification increases nearly 3-fold when aragonite saturation increases from 98% to 390%, i.e., close to the typical present saturation state of tropical seawater. There is no further increase of calcification at saturation values above this threshold. Preliminary data suggest that another coral species, Acropora sp., displays a similar behaviour. These experimental results suggest: (l) that the rate of calcification does not change significantly within the range of saturation levels corresponding to the last glacial-interglacial cycle, and (2) that it may decrease significantly in the future as a result of the decrease in the saturation level due to anthropogenic release of CO2 into the atmosphere. Experimental studies that control environmental conditions and seawater composition provide unique opportunities to unravel the response of corals to global environmental changes.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global and Planetary Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0921-8181(98)00035-6","issn":"09218181","usgsCitation":"Gattuso, J., Frankignoulle, M., Bourge, I., Romaine, S., and Buddemeier, R., 1998, Effect of calcium carbonate saturation of seawater on coral calcification: Global and Planetary Change, v. 18, no. 1-2, p. 37-46, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8181(98)00035-6.","startPage":"37","endPage":"46","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206566,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8181(98)00035-6"},{"id":230235,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a05c6e4b0c8380cd50f51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gattuso, J.-P.","contributorId":61194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gattuso","given":"J.-P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frankignoulle, M.","contributorId":39968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankignoulle","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bourge, I.","contributorId":10948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bourge","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Romaine, S.","contributorId":50684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romaine","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Buddemeier, R. W.","contributorId":86492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buddemeier","given":"R. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":387666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70020575,"text":"70020575 - 1998 - Meteoric sphaerosiderite lines and their use for paleohydrology and paleoclimatology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-12T14:51:43.001013","indexId":"70020575","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Meteoric sphaerosiderite lines and their use for paleohydrology and paleoclimatology","docAbstract":"<div id=\"15578054\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>Sphaerosiderite, a morphologically distinct millimeter-scale spherulitic siderite (FeCO<sub>3</sub>), forms predominantly in wetland soils and sediments, and is common in the geologic record. Ancient sphaerosiderites are found in paleosol horizons within coal-bearing stratigraphic intervals and, like their modern counterparts, are interpreted as having formed in water-saturated environments. Here we report on sphaerosiderites from four different stratigraphic units, each of which has highly variable<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>13</sup>C and relatively stable<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup>C compositions. The unique isotopic trends are analogous to well-documented meteoric calcite lines, which we define here as meteoric sphaerosiderite lines. Meteoric sphaerosiderite lines provide a new means of constraining ground-water δ<sup>18</sup>O and thus allow evaluation of paleohydrology and paleoclimate in humid continental settings.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1998)026<1039:MSLATU>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Ludvigson, G.A., Gonzalez, L.A., Metzger, R., Witzke, B., Brenner, R.L., Murillo, A., and White, T.S., 1998, Meteoric sphaerosiderite lines and their use for paleohydrology and paleoclimatology: Geology, v. 26, no. 11, p. 1039-1042, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1998)026<1039:MSLATU>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1039","endPage":"1042","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":230989,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5510e4b0c8380cd6d0fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ludvigson, Greg A.","contributorId":80803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ludvigson","given":"Greg","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gonzalez, Luis A.","contributorId":20922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonzalez","given":"Luis","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Metzger, R.A.","contributorId":103825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metzger","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Witzke, B.J.","contributorId":12976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Witzke","given":"B.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Brenner, Richard L.","contributorId":94457,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brenner","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":13387,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game - Commercial Fisheries, P.O. Box 669, Cordova, AK  99574","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":386744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Murillo, A.P.","contributorId":96445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murillo","given":"A.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"White, T. S.","contributorId":91219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"White","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70020396,"text":"70020396 - 1998 - Estimating survival rates with age-structure data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-28T16:43:43","indexId":"70020396","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating survival rates with age-structure data","docAbstract":"<p><span>We developed a general statistical model that provides a comprehensive framework for inference about survival rates based on standing age-structure and ages-at-death data. Previously available estimators are maximum likelihood under the general model, but they use only 1 type of data and require the assumption of a stable age structure and a known population growth rate. We used the general model to derive new survival rate estimators that use both types of data and require only the assumption of a stable age structure or a known population growth rate. Our likelihood-based approach allows use of standard model-selection procedures to test hypotheses about age-structure stability, population growth rates, and age-related patterns in survival. We used this approach to estimate survival rates for female sea otters (<i>Enhydra lutris</i>) in Prince William Sound, Alaska.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3802355","issn":"0022541X","usgsCitation":"Udevitz, M.S., and Ballachey, B.E., 1998, Estimating survival rates with age-structure data: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 62, no. 2, p. 779-792, https://doi.org/10.2307/3802355.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"779","endPage":"792","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231296,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0b4fe4b0c8380cd52681","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Udevitz, Mark S. 0000-0003-4659-138X mudevitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4659-138X","contributorId":3189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Udevitz","given":"Mark","email":"mudevitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":386086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ballachey, Brenda E. 0000-0003-1855-9171 bballachey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1855-9171","contributorId":2966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ballachey","given":"Brenda","email":"bballachey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":386085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70020519,"text":"70020519 - 1998 - The National Water Data Exchange-capabilities and trends in the dissemination and exchange of water data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:20:17","indexId":"70020519","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1934,"text":"IAHS-AISH Publication","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The National Water Data Exchange-capabilities and trends in the dissemination and exchange of water data","docAbstract":"This paper discusses the programmes of the National Water Data Exchange (NAWDEX) in providing access to US Geological Survey (USGS) water data and water-related information. NAWDEX dissseminates water data and water-related information by working cooperatively through a network of 68 Assistance Centers to more than 430 member organizations. In addition, NAWDEX provides access to the USGS Water Data Storage System (WATSTORE) and the US Environmental Protection Agency's Storage and Retrieval System (STORET). Recently, the trend has been to make water resources data available over the World Wide Web on the Internet. The NAWDEX homepage, located at Uniform Resource Locator http://h2o.er.usgs.gov/public/nawdex/nawdex.html, provides links to (a) Selected Water Resources Abstracts; (b) National Water Conditions Report; (c) historical streamflow data: and (d) real-time streamflow conditions. NAWDEX also transfers data to users over the Internet through the file transfer protocol (FTP).","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"IAHS-AISH Publication","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"IAHS","publisherLocation":"Wallingford, United Kingdom","issn":"01447815","usgsCitation":"Burton, J., 1998, The National Water Data Exchange-capabilities and trends in the dissemination and exchange of water data: IAHS-AISH Publication, no. 253, p. 237-248.","startPage":"237","endPage":"248","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231303,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"253","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba841e4b08c986b321ae4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burton, J.S.","contributorId":36549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burton","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70021162,"text":"70021162 - 1998 - Sex-steroid and thyroid hormone concentrations in juvenile alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) from contaminated and reference lakes in Florida, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:39","indexId":"70021162","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sex-steroid and thyroid hormone concentrations in juvenile alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) from contaminated and reference lakes in Florida, USA","docAbstract":"Sex-steroid and thyroid hormones are critical regulators of growth and reproduction in all vertebrates, and several recent studies suggest that environmental chemicals can alter circulating concentrations of these hormones. This study examines plasma concentrations of estradiol-171?? (E2), testosterone (T), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4) in juvenile alligators (60-140 cm total length) from two contaminated lakes and one reference lake in Florida. First, the data were analyzed by comparing hormone concentrations among males and females from the different lakes. Whereas there were no differences in plasma E2 concentrations among animals of the three lakes, male alligators from the contaminated lakes (Lake Apopka and Lake Okeechobee) had significantly lower plasma T concentrations compared 10 males from the reference take (Lake Woodruff). Concentrations of thyroid hormones also differed in animals of the three lakes, with T4 concentrations being elevated in Lake Okeechobee males compared to Lake Woodruff males. Second, the relationship between body size and hormone concentration was examined using regression analysis. Most notably for steroid hormones, no clear relationship was detected between E2 and total length in Apopka females (r2 0.09, p = 0.54) or between T and total length in Apopka males (r2 = 0.007, p = 0.75). Females from Apopka (r2 = 0.318, p = 0.09) and Okeechobee (r2 = 0.222, p = 0.09) exhibited weak correlations between T3 and total length. Males from Apopka (r2 = 0.015, p = 0.66) and Okeechobee (r2 = 0.128, p = 0.19) showed no correlation between T4 and total length. These results indicate: some of the previously reported abnormalities in steroid hormones of hatchling alligators persist, at least, through the juvenile years; steroid and thyroid hormones are related to body size in juvenile alligators from the reference lake, whereas alligators living in lakes Apopka and Okeechobee experience alterations in circulating thyroid and steroid hormones in relationship to body size; and a number of the hormone abnormalities reported previously for Lake Apopka alligators are observed in alligators from Lake Okeechobee - a lake associated with numerous contaminant sources but no major chemical spill. The endocrine alterations reported in this study are hypothesized to be a response to embryonic exposure to endocrine-disrupting contaminants.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1897/1551-5028(1998)017<0446:SSATHC>2.3.CO;2","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Grain, D., Guillette, L., Pickford, D., Percival, H., and Woodward, A., 1998, Sex-steroid and thyroid hormone concentrations in juvenile alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) from contaminated and reference lakes in Florida, USA: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 17, no. 3, p. 446-452, https://doi.org/10.1897/1551-5028(1998)017<0446:SSATHC>2.3.CO;2.","startPage":"446","endPage":"452","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":229739,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206431,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1897/1551-5028(1998)017<0446:SSATHC>2.3.CO;2"}],"volume":"17","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8db2e4b08c986b3184eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grain, D.A.","contributorId":82876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grain","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guillette, L.J. Jr.","contributorId":53744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guillette","given":"L.J.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pickford, D.B.","contributorId":41172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pickford","given":"D.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Percival, H.F.","contributorId":31716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Percival","given":"H.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Woodward, A.R.","contributorId":81061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":388845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70019796,"text":"70019796 - 1998 - Analysis of simulated advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection (ASTER) radiometer data of the Iron Hill, Colorado, study area for mapping lithologies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-02T15:33:38.22959","indexId":"70019796","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2316,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of simulated advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection (ASTER) radiometer data of the Iron Hill, Colorado, study area for mapping lithologies","docAbstract":"<p><span>The advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection (ASTER) radiometer was designed to record reflected energy in nine channels with 15 or 30 m resolution, including stereoscopic images, and emitted energy in five channels with 90 m resolution from the NASA Earth Observing System AMI platform. A simulated ASTER data set was produced for the Iron Hill, Colorado, study area by resampling calibrated, registered airborne visible/infrared imaging spectrometer (AVIRIS) data, and thermal infrared multispectral scanner (TIMS) data to the appropriate spatial and spectral parameters. A digital elevation model was obtained to simulate ASTER-derived topographic data. The main lithologic units in the area are granitic rocks and felsite into which a carbonatite stock and associated alkalic igneous rocks were intruded; these rocks are locally covered by Jurassic sandstone, Tertiary rhyolitic tuff, and colluvial deposits. Several methods were evaluated for mapping the main lithologic units, including the unsupervised classification and spectral curve-matching techniques. In the five thermalinfrared (TIR) channels, comparison of the results of linear spectral unmixing and unsupervised classification with published geologic maps showed that the main lithologic units were mapped, but large areas with moderate to dense tree cover were not mapped in the TIR data. Compared to TIMS data, simulated ASTER data permitted slightly less discrimination in the mafic alkalic rock series, and carbonatite was not mapped in the TIMS nor in the simulated ASTER TIR data. In the nine visible and near-infrared channels, unsupervised classification did not yield useful results, but both the spectral linear unmixing and the matched filter techniques produced useful results, including mapping calcitic and dolomitic carbonatite exposures, travertine in hot spring deposits, kaolinite in argillized sandstone and tuff, and muscovite in sericitized granite and felsite, as well as commonly occurring illite/muscovite. However, the distinction made in AVIRIS data between calcite and dolomite was not consistently feasible in the simulated ASTER data. Comparison of the lithologie information produced by spectral analysis of the simulated ASTER data to a photogeologic interpretation of a simulated ASTER color image illustrates the high potential of spectral analysis of ASTER data to geologic interpretation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/98JD02118","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Rowan, L.C., 1998, Analysis of simulated advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection (ASTER) radiometer data of the Iron Hill, Colorado, study area for mapping lithologies: Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, v. 103, no. D24, p. 32291-32306, https://doi.org/10.1029/98JD02118.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"32291","endPage":"32306","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479823,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/98jd02118","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":227687,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"103","issue":"D24","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb30e4b0c8380cd48c8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rowan, L. C.","contributorId":40584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowan","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":383941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}