Dimensionless precipitation-frequency curves for estimating precipitation depths having small exceedance probabilities were developed for 2-, 6-, and 24-hour storm durations for three homogeneous regions in Montana. L-moment statistics were used to help define the homogeneous regions. The generalized extreme value distribution was used to construct the frequency curves for each duration within each region. The effective record length for each duration in each region was estimated using a graphical method and was found to range from 500 years for 6-hour duration data in Region 2 to 5,100 years for 24-hour duration data in Region 3. The temporal characteristics of storms were analyzed, and methods for estimating synthetic storm hyetographs were developed. Dimensionless depth-duration data were grouped by independent duration (2, 6, and 24 hours) and by region, and the beta distribution was fit to dimensionless depth data for various incremental time intervals. Ordinary least-squares regression was used to develop relations between dimensionless depths for a key, short duration—termed the kernel duration—and dimensionless depths for other durations. The regression relations were used, together with the probabilistic dimensionless depth data for the kernel duration, to calculate dimensionless depth-duration curves for exceedance probabilities from .1 to .9. Dimensionless storm hyetographs for each independent duration in each region were constructed for median value conditions based on an exceedance probability of .5.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.3141/1647-06","issn":"03611981","usgsCitation":"Parrett, C., 1998, Regionalization of precipitation characteristics in Montana using L-moments: Transportation Research Record, v. 1647, no. 1, p. 43-52, https://doi.org/10.3141/1647-06.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"52","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227869,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.00740965823002,\n 48.997475327628905\n ],\n [\n -116.1125230650945,\n 48.101129731356835\n ],\n [\n -114.65654820719288,\n 45.59696530186227\n ],\n [\n -113.44841301400788,\n 44.381503081195234\n ],\n [\n -111.11484302399928,\n 44.50670930070478\n ],\n [\n -110.9703879589953,\n 44.94974414709357\n ],\n [\n -104.10350153767746,\n 44.954221683738865\n ],\n [\n -104.10350153767746,\n 48.997475327628905\n ],\n [\n -116.00740965823002,\n 48.997475327628905\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"1647","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a5ace4b0e8fec6cdbedc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parrett, C.","contributorId":43400,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrett","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":385140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70020576,"text":"70020576 - 1998 - Use of indicator items to monitor marine debris on a New Jersey beach from 1991 to 1996","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:46","indexId":"70020576","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of indicator items to monitor marine debris on a New Jersey beach from 1991 to 1996","docAbstract":"The US National Marine Debris Monitoring Program is using indicator items from beach surveys to identify whether amounts of marine debris are changing over time. Indicator items were selected through expert opinion and assumed to reflect the trend of all debris. We used monthly data from a 1991-1996 study of debris on a New Jersey beach to determine if indicator and non-indicator items showed similar trends. Total indicator debris levels did not change; this was true regardless of probable source. Non-indicator debris increased about 40% annually. Plastic non-indicator items increased regardless of whether items were whole items, cigarette filters, or pieces. Of the whole items, almost 50% were plastic lids, cups, and utensils, and about 25% were drug-related paraphernalia, tobacco-related products, plastic stirrers, pull rings, and fireworks. When indicator items are used in a monitoring programme to reflect total debris patterns, concordance of trends in indicator and non-indicator debris should be checked.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0025-326X(98)00064-2","issn":"0025326X","usgsCitation":"Ribic, C., 1998, Use of indicator items to monitor marine debris on a New Jersey beach from 1991 to 1996: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 36, no. 11, p. 887-891, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-326X(98)00064-2.","startPage":"887","endPage":"891","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":206858,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0025-326X(98)00064-2"},{"id":230990,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbf2be4b08c986b3299ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ribic, C. 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A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70020720,"text":"70020720 - 1998 - Seismicity alert probabilities at Parkfield, California, revisited","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-18T23:49:09.309995","indexId":"70020720","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismicity alert probabilities at Parkfield, California, revisited","docAbstract":"For a decade, the U.S. Geological Survey has used the Parkfield Earthquake Prediction Experiment scenario document to estimate the probability that earthquakes observed on the San Andreas fault near Parkfield will turn out to be foreshocks followed by the expected magnitude 6 mainshocks. During this time, we have learned much about the seismogenic process at Parkfield, about the long-term probability of the Parkfield mainshock, and about the estimation of these types of probabilities. The probabilities for potential foreshocks at Parkfield are reexamined and revised in light of these advances. As part of this process, we have confirmed both the rate of foreshocks before strike-slip earthquakes in the San Andreas physiographic province and the uniform distribution of foreshocks with magnitude proposed by earlier studies. Compared to the earlier assessment, these new estimates of the long-term probability of the Parkfield mainshock are lower, our estimate of the rate of background seismicity is higher, and we find that the assumption that foreshocks at Parkfield occur in a unique way is not statistically significant at the 95% confidence level. While the exact numbers vary depending on the assumptions that are made, the new alert probabilities are lower than previously estimated. Considering the various assumptions and the statistical uncertainties in the input parameters, we also compute a plausible range for the probabilities. The range is large, partly due to the extra knowledge that exists for the Parkfield segment, making us question the usefulness of these numbers.
As part of the activities of the Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) Interagency Consortium, an intermediate-scale land cover data set is being generated for the conterminous United States. This effort is being conducted on a region-by-region basis using U.S. Standard Federal Regions. To date, land cover data sets have been generated for Federal Regions 3 (Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Virginia, Maryland, and Delaware) and 2 (New York and New Jersey). Classification work is currently under way in Federal Region 4 (the southeastern United States), and land cover mapping activities have been started in Federal Regions 5 (the Great Lakes region) and 1 (New England). It is anticipated that a land cover data set for the conterminous United States will be completed by the end of 1999. A standard land cover classification legend is used, which is analogous to and compatible with other classification schemes. The primary MRLC regional classification scheme contains 23 land cover classes.
The primary source of data for the project is the Landsat thematic mapper (TM) sensor. For each region, TM scenes representing both leaf-on and leaf-off conditions are acquired, preprocessed, and georeferenced to MRLC specifications. Mosaicked data are clustered using unsupervised classification, and individual clusters are labeled using aerial photographs. Individual clusters that represent more than one land cover unit are split using spatial modeling with multiple ancillary spatial data layers (most notably, digital elevation model, population, land use and land cover, and wetlands information). This approach yields regional land cover information suitable for a wide array of applications, including landscape metric analyses, land management, land cover change studies, and nutrient and pesticide runoff modeling.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1005996900217","issn":"01676369","usgsCitation":"Vogelmann, J., Sohl, T.L., Campbell, P., and Shaw, D., 1998, Regional land cover characterization using Landsat thematic mapper data and ancillary data sources: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 51, no. 1-2, p. 415-428, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005996900217.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"415","endPage":"428","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":231136,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":206893,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005996900217"}],"volume":"51","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a535e4b0e8fec6cdbd83","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Veith G.","contributorId":128423,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Veith G.","id":536464,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Vogelmann, James E. 0000-0002-0804-5823","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0804-5823","contributorId":16604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vogelmann","given":"James E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sohl, Terry L. 0000-0002-9771-4231","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9771-4231","contributorId":76419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sohl","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Campbell, P.V.","contributorId":29985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"P.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shaw, D.M.","contributorId":46716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaw","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":93889,"text":"93889 - 1998 - Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Baird's Sparrow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-15T11:00:09","indexId":"93889","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Baird's Sparrow","docAbstract":"Information on the habitat requirements and effects of habitat management on grassland birds were summarized from information in more than 5,500 published and unpublished papers. A range map is provided to indicate the relative densities of the species in North America, based on Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data. Although birds frequently are observed outside the breeding range indicated, the maps are intended to show areas where managers might concentrate their attention. It may be ineffectual to manage habitat at a site for a species that rarely occurs in an area. The species account begins with a brief capsule statement, which provides the fundamental components or keys to management for the species. A section on breeding range outlines the current breeding distribution of the species in North America, including areas that could not be mapped using BBS data. The suitable habitat section describes the breeding habitat and occasionally microhabitat characteristics of the species, especially those habitats that occur in the Great Plains. Details on habitat and microhabitat requirements often provide clues to how a species will respond to a particular management practice. A table near the end of the account complements the section on suitable habitat, and lists the specific habitat characteristics for the species by individual studies. A special section on prey habitat is included for those predatory species that have more specific prey requirements. The area requirements section provides details on territory and home range sizes, minimum area requirements, and the effects of patch size, edges, and other landscape and habitat features on abundance and productivity. It may be futile to manage a small block of suitable habitat for a species that has minimum area requirements that are larger than the area being managed. The Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) is an obligate brood parasite of many grassland birds. The section on cowbird brood parasitism summarizes rates of cowbird parasitism, host responses to parasitism, and factors that influence parasitism, such as nest concealment and host density. The impact of management depends, in part, upon a species' nesting phenology and biology. The section on breeding-season phenology and site fidelity includes details on spring arrival and fall departure for migratory populations in the Great Plains, peak breeding periods, the tendency to renest after nest failure or success, and the propensity to return to a previous breeding site. The duration and timing of breeding varies among regions and years. Species' response to management summarizes the current knowledge and major findings in the literature on the effects of different management practices on the species. The section on management recommendations complements the previous section and summarizes specific recommendations for habitat management provided in the literature. If management recommendations differ in different portions of the species' breeding range, recommendations are given separately by region. The literature cited contains references to published and unpublished literature on the management effects and habitat requirements of the species. This section is not meant to be a complete bibliography; for a searchable, annotated bibliography of published and unpublished papers dealing with habitat needs of grassland birds and their responses to habitat management, use the Grassland and Wetland Birds Bibliography on the home page of this resource.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Effects of management practices on grassland birds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","publisherLocation":"Jamestown, ND","doi":"10.3133/93889","usgsCitation":"Dechant, J., Sondreal, M.L., Johnson, D.H., Igl, L.D., Goldade, C., Nenneman, M., and Euliss, B., 1998, Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Baird's Sparrow (Originally posted 1998; Revised 2002), 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/93889.","productDescription":"17 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292258,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/93889.PNG"},{"id":312397,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/93889/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"Originally posted 1998; Revised 2002","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611c37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dechant, Jill A. 0000-0003-3172-0708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3172-0708","contributorId":103984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dechant","given":"Jill A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":298268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sondreal, Marriah L.","contributorId":73532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sondreal","given":"Marriah","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641 douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":1387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":298262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Igl, Lawrence D. 0000-0003-0530-7266 ligl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-7266","contributorId":2381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Igl","given":"Lawrence","email":"ligl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":298263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goldade, Christopher M.","contributorId":90668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldade","given":"Christopher M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nenneman, Melvin P.","contributorId":60572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nenneman","given":"Melvin P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Euliss, Betty R.","contributorId":58218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Euliss","given":"Betty R.","affiliations":[{"id":39297,"text":"former U.S. Geological Survey employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":298264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":7000070,"text":"7000070 - 1998 - Landsat 7 science data users handbook","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:07","indexId":"7000070","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":363,"text":"General Interest Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Landsat 7 science data users handbook","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/7000070","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1998, Landsat 7 science data users handbook (Revised edition): General Interest Publication, 207 p. in various pagings : ill., maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/7000070.","productDescription":"207 p. in various pagings : ill., maps ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":198032,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18617,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ltpwww.gsfc.nasa.gov/IAS/handbook/handbook_toc.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"Revised edition","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6adf33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70194347,"text":"70194347 - 1998 - Wetland connectivity and waterbird conservation in the western Great Basin of the United States: Introduction to workshop","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-26T19:15:02","indexId":"70194347","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3704,"text":"Wader Study Group Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wetland connectivity and waterbird conservation in the western Great Basin of the United States: Introduction to workshop","docAbstract":"As scientists, managers and landowners, we have come to realize that to best understand the local and regional value of individual wetlands, we need to take a broad geographic, taxonomic, and management view. In December 1994, a symposium was held in Reno, Nevada that addressed this topic for shorebirds by bringing together researchers and managers from the Western Great Basin to discuss shorebird research and management in the region (Reed et al. 1997, International Wader Studies 9). In February 1998, a similar, but broader, symposium was held in Bend, Oregon that addressed wetland connectivity and waterbird conservation in the Western Great Basin. Over 100 participants spent one day listening to talks from waterbird researchers that focused on multi-scale habitat use and movements of birds in the region. From American Avocets Recurvirostra americana to White Pelicans Pelcanus erythrorhynchos we learned of phenomenal intra-season movements throughout the Basin and the value of collecting detailed data of this nature for representative waterbirds. We learned also about the National Shorebird Conservation Plan and spent the next day in discussion groups where future research and management priorities were outlined. These discussions were the first regional planning effort for the National Plan.
","conferenceTitle":"International Wader Study Group meeting","conferenceDate":"February 1998","conferenceLocation":"Bend, OR","language":"English","publisher":"International Wader Study Group","usgsCitation":"Haig, S.M., and Oring, L.W., 1998, Wetland connectivity and waterbird conservation in the western Great Basin of the United States: Introduction to workshop: Wader Study Group Bulletin, v. 85, p. 19-20.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"20","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349315,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":349314,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://sora.unm.edu/node/121484"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Basin","volume":"85","publicComments":"This publication is the introduction to a collection of symposium abstracts, which were published as part of Volume 85 of this journal.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a612734e4b06e28e9c25ce1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haig, Susan M. 0000-0002-6616-7589 susan_haig@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-7589","contributorId":719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haig","given":"Susan","email":"susan_haig@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":723412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Oring, Lewis W.","contributorId":16757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oring","given":"Lewis","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":723413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":93877,"text":"93877 - 1998 - Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Grasshopper Sparrow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-15T11:01:56","indexId":"93877","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Grasshopper Sparrow","docAbstract":"Information on the habitat requirements and effects of habitat management on grassland birds were summarized from information in more than 5,500 published and unpublished papers. A range map is provided to indicate the relative densities of the species in North America, based on Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data. Although birds frequently are observed outside the breeding range indicated, the maps are intended to show areas where managers might concentrate their attention. It may be ineffectual to manage habitat at a site for a species that rarely occurs in an area. The species account begins with a brief capsule statement, which provides the fundamental components or keys to management for the species. A section on breeding range outlines the current breeding distribution of the species in North America, including areas that could not be mapped using BBS data. The suitable habitat section describes the breeding habitat and occasionally microhabitat characteristics of the species, especially those habitats that occur in the Great Plains. Details on habitat and microhabitat requirements often provide clues to how a species will respond to a particular management practice. A table near the end of the account complements the section on suitable habitat, and lists the specific habitat characteristics for the species by individual studies. A special section on prey habitat is included for those predatory species that have more specific prey requirements. The area requirements section provides details on territory and home range sizes, minimum area requirements, and the effects of patch size, edges, and other landscape and habitat features on abundance and productivity. It may be futile to manage a small block of suitable habitat for a species that has minimum area requirements that are larger than the area being managed. The Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) is an obligate brood parasite of many grassland birds. The section on cowbird brood parasitism summarizes rates of cowbird parasitism, host responses to parasitism, and factors that influence parasitism, such as nest concealment and host density. The impact of management depends, in part, upon a species' nesting phenology and biology. The section on breeding-season phenology and site fidelity includes details on spring arrival and fall departure for migratory populations in the Great Plains, peak breeding periods, the tendency to renest after nest failure or success, and the propensity to return to a previous breeding site. The duration and timing of breeding varies among regions and years. Species' response to management summarizes the current knowledge and major findings in the literature on the effects of different management practices on the species. The section on management recommendations complements the previous section and summarizes specific recommendations for habitat management provided in the literature. If management recommendations differ in different portions of the species' breeding range, recommendations are given separately by region. The literature cited contains references to published and unpublished literature on the management effects and habitat requirements of the species. This section is not meant to be a complete bibliography; for a searchable, annotated bibliography of published and unpublished papers dealing with habitat needs of grassland birds and their responses to habitat management, use the Grassland and Wetland Birds Bibliography on the home page of this resource.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Effects of management practices on grassland birds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","publisherLocation":"Jamestown, ND","doi":"10.3133/93877","usgsCitation":"Dechant, J., Sondreal, M.L., Johnson, D.H., Igl, L.D., Goldade, C., Nenneman, M., and Euliss, B., 1998, Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Grasshopper Sparrow (Revised 2003), 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/93877.","productDescription":"30 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":292370,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/93877.PNG"},{"id":312414,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/93877/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"Revised 2003","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611c5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dechant, Jill A. 0000-0003-3172-0708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3172-0708","contributorId":103984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dechant","given":"Jill A.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":298204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sondreal, Marriah L.","contributorId":73532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sondreal","given":"Marriah","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641 douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":1387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":298198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Igl, Lawrence D. 0000-0003-0530-7266 ligl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-7266","contributorId":2381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Igl","given":"Lawrence","email":"ligl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":298199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goldade, Christopher M.","contributorId":90668,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldade","given":"Christopher M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nenneman, Melvin P.","contributorId":60572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nenneman","given":"Melvin P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":298201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Euliss, Betty R.","contributorId":58218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Euliss","given":"Betty R.","affiliations":[{"id":39297,"text":"former U.S. Geological Survey employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":298200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70019857,"text":"70019857 - 1998 - Survival of plains cottonwood (Populus deltoides subsp. monilifera) and saltcedar (Tamarix ramosissima) seedlings in response to flooding","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-27T15:41:04.247128","indexId":"70019857","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Survival of plains cottonwood (Populus deltoides subsp. monilifera) and saltcedar (Tamarix ramosissima) seedlings in response to flooding","title":"Survival of plains cottonwood (Populus deltoides subsp. monilifera) and saltcedar (Tamarix ramosissima) seedlings in response to flooding","docAbstract":"We examined the response of first year saltcedar (Tamarix ramosissima) and plains cottonwood (Populus deltoides subsp.monilifera) seedlings to flooding in fall (25 days) and spring (28 days) using potgrown plants (12–18 individuals/26.5-liter pot). Seedlings were initially counted in all pots prior to fall treatment. Survival was calculated as the proportion of seedlings in cach pot still alive following spring treatment. Mean survival rates of seedlings flooded in fall (saltcedar =0.8%, cottonwood=20.8%, n=14 pots) were lower compared to the spring flooding treatment (saltcedar=91.1%, cottonwood=92.2%, n=13) and control (saltcedar=93.9%, cottonwood =98.7%, n=14). We used multiple response permutation procedures to detect omnibus distributional differences in survival data (total tests=9) because assumptions of normality and equal variance were not met. Survival distributions differed between saltcedar and cottonwood fall flooding groups (P<0.0001) and between fall flooding and control groups for both species (P<0.0001). No difference in survival distributions were detected between species or treatments for the control and spring treatment groups (P>0.07). Smaller size and consequent lack of energy reserves may account for lower survival of saltcedar compared to cottonwood in the fall treatment and for lower survival of both species in the fall treatment compared to the spring treatment. Fall flooding for controlling first year saltcedar seedlings is suggested as a potentially useful technique in riparian habitat restoration and management in the southwestern United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/BF03161681","issn":"02775212","usgsCitation":"Gladwin, D., and Roelle, J.E., 1998, Survival of plains cottonwood (Populus deltoides subsp. monilifera) and saltcedar (Tamarix ramosissima) seedlings in response to flooding: Wetlands, v. 18, no. 4, p. 669-674, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03161681.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"669","endPage":"674","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":227982,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"southwestern United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.95147054475518,\n 42.20675468423636\n ],\n [\n -124.95147054475518,\n 31.556400851979703\n ],\n [\n -103.07501139474567,\n 31.556400851979703\n ],\n [\n -103.07501139474567,\n 42.20675468423636\n ],\n [\n -124.95147054475518,\n 42.20675468423636\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba2d7e4b08c986b31f9d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gladwin, D.N.","contributorId":40562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gladwin","given":"D.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roelle, J. E.","contributorId":91066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roelle","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70046038,"text":"70046038 - 1998 - Superfund GIS - Physiographic Provinces, Aquifer Outcrops and Recharge Rates in Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-21T11:33:52","indexId":"70046038","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Superfund GIS - Physiographic Provinces, Aquifer Outcrops and Recharge Rates in Tennessee","docAbstract":"This dataset is a coverage of the physiographic provinces, aquifer outcrops and recharge rates for Tennessee. Each polygon is attributed with its associated\nphysiographic region name (Miller, 1974), aquifer type and composition (Connell and Barron, 1993, p. 2), and aquifer recharge rates (Hoos, 1990 p. 19)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70046038","usgsCitation":"Greene, D., and Wolfe, W., 1998, Superfund GIS - Physiographic Provinces, Aquifer Outcrops and Recharge Rates in Tennessee, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/70046038.","productDescription":"Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":272525,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272524,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/aquiphys.xml"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90.31071472,34.98269653 ], [ -90.31071472,36.67922211 ], [ -81.64540863,36.67922211 ], [ -81.64540863,34.98269653 ], [ -90.31071472,34.98269653 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"519c9764e4b0ce6c26df81af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Greene, D.J.","contributorId":108008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greene","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wolfe, W.J.","contributorId":10069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfe","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70020061,"text":"70020061 - 1998 - Well log evaluation of gas hydrate saturations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:18","indexId":"70020061","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Well log evaluation of gas hydrate saturations","docAbstract":"The amount of gas sequestered in gas hydrates is probably enormous, but estimates are highly speculative due to the lack of previous quantitative studies. Gas volumes that may be attributed to a gas hydrate accumulation within a given geologic setting are dependent on a number of reservoir parameters; one of which, gas-hydrate saturation, can be assessed with data obtained from downhole well logging devices. The primary objective of this study was to develop quantitative well-log evaluation techniques which will permit the calculation of gas-hydrate saturations in gas-hydrate-bearing sedimentary units. The \"standard\" and \"quick look\" Archie relations (resistivity log data) yielded accurate gas-hydrate and free-gas saturations within all of the gas hydrate accumulations assessed in the field verification phase of the study. Compressional wave acoustic log data have been used along with the Timur, modified Wood, and the Lee weighted average acoustic equations to calculate accurate gas-hydrate saturations in all of the gas hydrate accumulations assessed in this study. The well log derived gas-hydrate saturations calculated in the field verification phase of this study, which range from as low as 2% to as high as 97%, confirm that gas hydrates represent a potentially important source of natural gas.","largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the SPWLA Annual Logging Symposium (Society of Professional Well Log Analysts)","conferenceTitle":"39th Annual Logging Symposium","conferenceDate":"26 May 1998 through 29 May 1998","conferenceLocation":"Keystone, CO","language":"English","issn":"00811718","usgsCitation":"Collett, T.S., 1998, Well log evaluation of gas hydrate saturations, in Transactions of the SPWLA Annual Logging Symposium (Society of Professional Well Log Analysts), Keystone, CO, 26 May 1998 through 29 May 1998.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":228035,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcfd6e4b08c986b32eb2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collett, T. S. 0000-0002-7598-4708","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-4708","contributorId":86342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collett","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384866,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70020079,"text":"70020079 - 1998 - Modeling tidal hydrodynamics of San Diego Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-04T09:50:09","indexId":"70020079","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling tidal hydrodynamics of San Diego Bay, California","docAbstract":"In 1983, current data were collected by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration using mechanical current meters. During 1992 through 1996, acoustic Doppler current profilers as well as mechanical current meters and tide gauges were used. These measurements not only document tides and tidal currents in San Diego Bay, but also provide independent data sets for model calibration and verification. A high resolution (100-m grid), depth-averaged, numerical hydrodynamic model has been implemented for San Diego Bay to describe essential tidal hydrodynamic processes in the bay. The model is calibrated using the 1983 data set and verified using the more recent 1992-1996 data. Discrepancies between model predictions and field data in beth model calibration and verification are on the order of the magnitude of uncertainties in the field data. The calibrated and verified numerical model has been used to quantify residence time and dilution and flushing of contaminant effluent into San Diego Bay. Furthermore, the numerical model has become an important research tool in ongoing hydrodynamic and water quality studies and in guiding future field data collection programs.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Assoc","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1998.tb04159.x","issn":"1093474X","usgsCitation":"Wang, P., Cheng, R.T., Richter, K., Gross, E., Sutton, D., and Gartner, J.W., 1998, Modeling tidal hydrodynamics of San Diego Bay, California: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 34, no. 5, p. 1123-1140, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1998.tb04159.x.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1123","endPage":"1140","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":227703,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Diego Bay","volume":"34","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c54e4b0c8380cd6fbea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, P.-F.","contributorId":25311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wang","given":"P.-F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cheng, R. T.","contributorId":23138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cheng","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Richter, K.","contributorId":72146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richter","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gross, E.S.","contributorId":62353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gross","given":"E.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sutton, D.","contributorId":70133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutton","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gartner, J. W.","contributorId":81903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gartner","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":384944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70046125,"text":"70046125 - 1998 - Structure contours of top of Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer in \"Structure, outcrop, and subcrop of the bedrock aquifers along the western margin of Denver Basin, Colorado.\" Hydrologic Atlas 742","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-28T10:57:01","indexId":"70046125","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Structure contours of top of Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer in \"Structure, outcrop, and subcrop of the bedrock aquifers along the western margin of Denver Basin, Colorado.\" Hydrologic Atlas 742","docAbstract":"This digital geospatial data set consists of structure contours of the top of the Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer along the Front Range of Colorado. The U.S. Geological Survey developed this data set as part of a project described in the report, \"Structure, Outcrop, and Subcrop of the Bedrock Aquifers Along the Western Margin of the Denver Basin, Colorado\" (Robson and others, 1998).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70046125","usgsCitation":"Rafferty, S., 1998, Structure contours of top of Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer in \"Structure, outcrop, and subcrop of the bedrock aquifers along the western margin of Denver Basin, Colorado.\" Hydrologic Atlas 742, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/70046125.","productDescription":"Dataset","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":272871,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":272870,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/co_lfhtop_ha742.xml"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -104.96266486,40.10504503 ], [ -104.96266486,40.88457484 ], [ -104.59900529,40.88457484 ], [ -104.59900529,40.10504503 ], [ -104.96266486,40.10504503 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51a5d1eee4b0605bc571f009","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rafferty, Sharon","contributorId":99025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rafferty","given":"Sharon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":478971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70046229,"text":"70046229 - 1998 - Geohydrologic unit boundaries along the Colorado Front Range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-03T13:35:13","indexId":"70046229","displayToPublicDate":"1998-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Geohydrologic unit boundaries along the Colorado Front Range","docAbstract":"This digital geospatial data set consists of geohydrologic unit boundaries shown in the report \"Structure, outcrop, and subcrop of the bedrock aquifers along the western margin of the Denver Basin, Colorado\" (Robson and others, 1998).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70046229","usgsCitation":"Rafferty, S., 1998, Geohydrologic unit boundaries along the Colorado Front Range, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.3133/70046229.","productDescription":"Dataset","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":273103,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":273102,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/co_geo_ha742.xml"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Front Range","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.25683629,39.28197938 ], [ -105.25683629,40.88668006 ], [ -104.58906173,40.88668006 ], [ -104.58906173,39.28197938 ], [ -105.25683629,39.28197938 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51adbae5e4b07c214e64bcf2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rafferty, Sharon","contributorId":99025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rafferty","given":"Sharon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":479231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":47182,"text":"ofr96649 - 1998 - Flood tracking chart, Amite River Basin, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:54","indexId":"ofr96649","displayToPublicDate":"1997-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-649","title":"Flood tracking chart, Amite River Basin, Louisiana","docAbstract":"The Amite River Basin flood tracking chart is designed to assist emergency response officials and the local public in making informed decisions about the safety of life and property during floods along the Amite and Comite Rivers and Bayou Manchac in southeastern Louisiana. This chart is similar in concept to the charts used to track hurricanes; the user can record the latest river stage information at selected gaging stations and the latest flood crest predictions. The latest stage data can be compared to historical flood peaks as well as to the slab or pier elevation of a threatened property. The chart also discusses how to acquire the latest river stage data from the Internet and a recorded voice message.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr96649","usgsCitation":"Callender, L.E., McCallum, B.E., Brazelton, S.R., Anderson, M.L., and Ensminger, P.A., 1998, Flood tracking chart, Amite River Basin, Louisiana (Revision - 1998): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-649, 1 poster :col. ;51 x 46 cm. folded to 17 x 23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr96649.","productDescription":"1 poster :col. ;51 x 46 cm. folded to 17 x 23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":135207,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":14105,"rank":1000,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/97financial/hazards.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":3964,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://la.water.usgs.gov/publications/pdfs/amitetrkcht.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":19845,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0649/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":19846,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1996/0649/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"Revision - 1998","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e7515","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Callender, Lawrence E.","contributorId":14792,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Callender","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":234781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCallum, Brian E. 0000-0002-8935-0343 bemccall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8935-0343","contributorId":1591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCallum","given":"Brian","email":"bemccall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":234779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brazelton, Sebastian R.","contributorId":56621,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brazelton","given":"Sebastian","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":234783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, Mary L.","contributorId":41397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":234782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ensminger, Paul A. 0000-0002-0536-0369 paensmin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0536-0369","contributorId":4754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ensminger","given":"Paul","email":"paensmin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":24708,"text":"Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":234780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":6728,"text":"fs09296 - 1998 - Nitrate in Ground Waters of the United States--Assessing the Risk","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-06-05T12:56:33","indexId":"fs09296","displayToPublicDate":"1996-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"092-96","title":"Nitrate in Ground Waters of the United States--Assessing the Risk","docAbstract":"Using data compiled by the National Water Quality Assessment Program (NAWQA), the USGS has evaluated the potential for nitrate contamination of ground waters in the United States. Soil-drainage characteristics and the amount of nitrogen contributed by fertilizer, manure, and atmospheric sources were found to markedly influence the concentration of nitrate in ground water. These two characteristics were compiled in a national map that shows patterns of risk for nitrate contamination of ground water. Areas with well-drained soils and high nitrogen input have the highest risk. Ground-water nitrate data generally verified the risk patterns shown on the national map. The verification analysis is based on over 10,000 samples collected through 1992. ","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs09296","usgsCitation":"Nolan, B.T., and Ruddy, B.C., 1998, Nitrate in Ground Waters of the United States--Assessing the Risk (This report has been superseded): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 092-96, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs09296.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122623,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_092_96.bmp"},{"id":11743,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1996/fs-092-96/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"This report has been superseded","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db69742e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nolan, Bernard T. 0000-0002-6945-9659 btnolan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6945-9659","contributorId":2190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nolan","given":"Bernard","email":"btnolan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":153231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ruddy, Barbara C. bcruddy@usgs.gov","contributorId":4163,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruddy","given":"Barbara","email":"bcruddy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":153232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":54031,"text":"wri924109 - 1998 - Hydrology and quality of ground water in northern Thurston County, Washington","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":25602,"text":"wri924109_1994 - 1994 - Hydrology and quality of ground water in northern Thurston County, Washington","indexId":"wri924109_1994","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrology and quality of ground water in northern Thurston County, Washington"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":54031,"text":"wri924109 - 1998 - Hydrology and quality of ground water in northern Thurston County, Washington","indexId":"wri924109","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"title":"Hydrology and quality of ground water in northern Thurston County, Washington"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-11-14T14:36:46.344078","indexId":"wri924109","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-4109","title":"Hydrology and quality of ground water in northern Thurston County, Washington","docAbstract":"Northern Thurston County is underlain by as much as 1,800 feet of unconsolidated deposits of Pleistocene Age that are of glacial and nonglacial origin. Iterpretation of approximately 1,140 drillers' logs led to the delineation of seven major geohydrologic units, four of which are significant aquifers.
Precipitation ranges from about 35 to 65 inches per year across the study area. Estimates of recharge indicate that the ground-water system of the Ground Water Management Area (GWMA), a subset of the study area, receives an average of about 28 inches per year. Ground water generally moves toward marine water bodies and to major surface drainage channels.
At least 33,000 acre-feet per year of ground water discharges as springs from the GWMA. Approximately 21,000 acre-feet of water was withdrawn from the ground-water system of the GWMA through wells in 1988. Total ground-water use in the GWMA in 1988 was approximately 37,000 acre-feet. About 16,000 acre-feet of water that discharges naturally through springs was used together with water withdrawn by wells for domestic supply, agricultural, commercial, industrial, institutional, and aquaculture and livestock uses.
Generally, the chemical quality of the ground water was good and 94 percent of the water samples were classified as soft or moderately hard. Of the few water-quality problems encountered, the most widespread anthropogenic problem appeared to be seawater intrusion. However, a comparison with data from 1978 indicated that the degree and extent of intrusion had not changed significantly since that time. Agricultural activities may be responsible for the presence of nitrate in ground waters at some individual wells, but septic tanks in areas of high housing density are likely responsible for elevated nitrate concentrations near the Cities of Lacey and Tumwater. The close correlation of nitrate concentrations with detergent concentrations supports the theory that the nitrate originates in septic systems, the only likely source of the detergents.
Most water-quality problems in the study area, however, are due to natural causes. Iron concentrations are as large as 21,000 micrograms per liter, manganese concentrations are as large as 3,400 micrograms per liter, and connate seawater is present in ground water in the southern part of the study area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri924109","usgsCitation":"Drost, B., Turney, G.L., Dion, N.P., and Jones, M., 1998, Hydrology and quality of ground water in northern Thurston County, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4109, Report: v, 230 p.; 6 Plates: 36.00 x 40.00 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri924109.","productDescription":"Report: v, 230 p.; 6 Plates: 36.00 x 40.00 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121899,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_92_4109.jpg"},{"id":110261,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47672.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"47672"},{"id":87817,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4109/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":87818,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4109/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":375555,"rank":9,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4109/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":87813,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4109/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":87814,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4109/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":87815,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4109/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":87816,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4109/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Thurston County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.19038104249428,\n 46.765956257492746\n ],\n [\n -122.300576699667,\n 46.81270187744491\n ],\n [\n -122.33291672948954,\n 46.84712004145911\n ],\n [\n -122.45748573324987,\n 46.85858786511258\n ],\n [\n -122.4874302053075,\n 46.868415479246835\n ],\n [\n -122.49821021524835,\n 46.90934450735554\n ],\n [\n -122.56768139042259,\n 46.93715840757426\n ],\n [\n -122.589241410304,\n 46.973131431780416\n ],\n [\n -122.60960365130353,\n 46.96986215610079\n ],\n [\n -122.63715256559657,\n 46.97803497059385\n ],\n [\n -122.63355922894952,\n 46.99927844298887\n ],\n [\n -122.66110814324287,\n 47.00826352430326\n ],\n [\n -122.67428371094829,\n 47.0229631249845\n ],\n [\n -122.6934481730651,\n 47.057246457743105\n ],\n [\n -122.70782151965297,\n 47.07764274492445\n ],\n [\n -122.6934481730651,\n 47.10047732124545\n ],\n [\n -122.72698598177006,\n 47.123302108341534\n ],\n [\n -122.82161069854,\n 47.19008947319085\n ],\n [\n -122.88868631594934,\n 47.15263353273687\n ],\n [\n -122.93420191347732,\n 47.184391360204614\n ],\n [\n -123.00367308865128,\n 47.1510044143466\n ],\n [\n -123.01445309859213,\n 47.12248675853226\n ],\n [\n -123.06356203276687,\n 47.11270575567144\n ],\n [\n -123.07793537935476,\n 47.10210764028466\n ],\n [\n -123.07913315823689,\n 47.09150741472885\n ],\n [\n -123.20370216199751,\n 47.08498315013642\n ],\n [\n -123.20609771976211,\n 47.00091185834859\n ],\n [\n -123.1617799011166,\n 47.00091185834859\n ],\n [\n -123.16417545888119,\n 46.87987840631658\n ],\n [\n -123.16417468122475,\n 46.7626738361252\n ],\n [\n -122.51378074812978,\n 46.7626738361252\n ],\n [\n -122.18918245078473,\n 46.765135531721626\n ],\n [\n -122.19038104249428,\n 46.765956257492746\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e873","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drost, B. W.","contributorId":38526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drost","given":"B. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turney, G. L.","contributorId":95070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turney","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dion, N. P.","contributorId":33302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dion","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jones, M. A.","contributorId":37736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"M. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":53927,"text":"itr19980001 - 1998 - Geospatial Technology Applications and Infrastructure in the Biological Resources Division","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-21T10:48:02","indexId":"itr19980001","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T01:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":366,"text":"Information and Technology Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"1998-0001","title":"Geospatial Technology Applications and Infrastructure in the Biological Resources Division","docAbstract":"Executive Summary -- Automated spatial processing technology such as geographic information systems (GIS), telemetry, and satellite-based remote sensing are some of the more recent developments in the long history of geographic inquiry. For millennia, humankind has endeavored to map the Earth's surface and identify spatial relationships. But the precision with which we can locate geographic features has increased exponentially with satellite positioning systems.\r\n\r\nRemote sensing, GIS, thematic mapping, telemetry, and satellite positioning systems such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) are tools that greatly enhance the quality and rapidity of analysis of biological resources. These technologies allow researchers, planners, and managers to more quickly and accurately determine appropriate strategies and actions. Researchers and managers can view information from new and varying perspectives using GIS and remote sensing, and GPS receivers allow the researcher or manager to identify the exact location of interest. These geospatial technologies support the mission of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Biological Resources Division (BRD) and the Strategic Science Plan (BRD 1996) by providing a cost-effective and efficient method for collection, analysis, and display of information.\r\n\r\nThe BRD mission is 'to work with others to provide the scientific understanding and technologies needed to support the sound management and conservation of our Nation's biological resources.' A major responsibility of the BRD is to develop and employ advanced technologies needed to synthesize, analyze, and disseminate biological and ecological information. As the Strategic Science Plan (BRD 1996) states, 'fulfilling this mission depends on effectively balancing the immediate need for information to guide management of biological resources with the need for technical assistance and long-range, strategic information to understand and predict emerging patterns and trends in ecological systems.' \r\n\r\nInformation sharing plays a key role in nearly everything BRD does. The Strategic Science Plan discusses the need to (1) develop tools and standards for information transfer, (2) disseminate information, and (3) facilitate effective use of information. This effort centers around the National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII) and the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI), components of the National Information Infrastructure. The NBII and NSDI are distributed electronic networks of biological and geographical data and information, as well as tools to help users around the world easily find and retrieve the biological and geographical data and information they need. \r\n\r\nThe BRD is responsible for developing scientifically and statistically reliable methods and protocols to assess the status and trends of the Nation's biological resources. Scientists also conduct important inventory and monitoring studies to maintain baseline information on these same resources. Research on those species for which the Department of the Interior (DOI) has trust responsibilities (including endangered species and migratory species) involves laboratory and field studies of individual animals and the environments in which they live. Researchboth tactical and strategicis conducted at the BRD's 17 science centers and 81 field stations, 54 Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Units in 40 states, and at 11 former Cooperative Park Study Units. Studies encompass fish, birds, mammals, and plants, as well as their ecosystems and the surrounding landscape. Biological Resources Division researchers use a variety of scientific tools in their endeavors to understand the causes of biological and ecological trends. Research results are used by managers to predict environmental changes and to help them take appropriate measures to manage resources effectively.\r\n\r\nThe BRD Geospatial Technology Program facilitates the collection, analysis, and dissemination of data and informat","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/itr19980001","issn":"1081-2911","usgsCitation":"D’Erchia, F., Getter, J., D’Erchia, T.D., Root, R., Stitt, S., and White, B., 1998, Geospatial Technology Applications and Infrastructure in the Biological Resources Division: Information and Technology Report 1998-0001, v, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/itr19980001.","productDescription":"v, 53 p.","costCenters":[{"id":37226,"text":"Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Libraries","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":177143,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/itr/1998/0001/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":87809,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/itr/1998/0001/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b134","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"D’Erchia, Frank fderchia@usgs.gov","contributorId":1161,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Erchia","given":"Frank","email":"fderchia@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5077,"text":"Northwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":248678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Getter, James","contributorId":99214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Getter","given":"James","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248682,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"D’Erchia, Terry D. tderchia@usgs.gov","contributorId":4197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"D’Erchia","given":"Terry","email":"tderchia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248680,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Root, Ralph","contributorId":94735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Root","given":"Ralph","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stitt, Susan susan_stitt@usgs.gov","contributorId":1410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stitt","given":"Susan","email":"susan_stitt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":248679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"White, Barbara","contributorId":105368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Barbara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":248683,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":55106,"text":"wdrWV971 - 1998 - Water resources data, West Virginia, water year 1997","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-19T14:27:03.255378","indexId":"wdrWV971","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"WV-97-1","title":"Water resources data, West Virginia, water year 1997","docAbstract":"Water-resources data for the 1997 water year for West Virginia consist of records of discharge and water quality of streams and water levels of observation wells. This report contains discharge records for 66 streamflow-gaging stations; annual maximum discharge at 38 crest-stage partial-record stations; water-quality records for 19 stations; and water-level records for 14 observation wells. Locations of these sites are shown on figures 4 and 5. Additional water data were collected at various sites, not involved in the systematic data collection program, and are published as miscellaneous sites. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in West Virginia.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrWV971","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of West Virginia and with other agencies","usgsCitation":"Ward, S., Taylor, B., and Crosby, G., 1998, Water resources data, West Virginia, water year 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report WV-97-1, xxii, 392 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrWV971.","productDescription":"xxii, 392 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":181827,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1997/wv-97-1/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":482198,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1997/wv-97-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"West 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Jersey\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb28e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reed, T.J. 0000-0002-9943-4081","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9943-4081","contributorId":15224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":251623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Centinaro, G.L.","contributorId":61892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Centinaro","given":"G.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":251624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeLuca, M.J.","contributorId":7663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeLuca","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":251622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oden, J.H. 0000-0002-6473-1553","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6473-1553","contributorId":76401,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oden","given":"J.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":251625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":68688,"text":"ha731 - 1998 - Geology, ground-water flow, and dissolved-solids concentrations in ground water along hydrogeologic sections through Wisconsin aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-28T11:20:03","indexId":"ha731","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"731","title":"Geology, ground-water flow, and dissolved-solids concentrations in ground water along hydrogeologic sections through Wisconsin aquifers","docAbstract":"A cooperative project between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (DNR) was begun with the objectives of describing water quality and its relation to the hydrology of Wisconsin's principal aquifers and summarizing instances of ground-water contamination and quality problems from information available in DNR files. The first objective was met by a hydrologic investigation done by the USGS, and the second, by preparation of a report by the DNR, for their internal use, that describes the State's water resources and known ground-water quality and contamination problems and makes policy recommendations for ground-water management.
The USGS investigation was divided into two phases. The first phase consisted of compiling available water-quality and hydrogeologic data and collecting new data to describe general regional water-quality and hydrogeologic relations within and between Wisconsin aquifers. The second phase began concurrently with the later part of the first phase and consisted of an areal description of water quality and flow in the State's shallow aquifer system (Kammerer, 1995). The overall purpose of this investigation was to provide a regional framework that could serve as a basis for intensive local and site specific ground-water investigations by State and local government agencies.
This report presents the results of the first phase of the USGS investigation. Regional hydrogeologic and water-quality relations within and between aquifers are shown along 15 hydrogeologic sections that traverse the State. Maps are used to show surficial geology of bedrock and unconsolidated deposits and horizontal direction of ground-water flow. Interpretations on the maps and hydrogeologic sections are based on data from a variety of sources and provide the basis for the areal appraisal of water quality in the State's shallow aquifer system in the second phase of the investigation.
Water resources data for the 1997 water year for Louisiana consists of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage, contents, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; and water levels and water quality of ground water. This report contains records for water discharge at 67 gaging stations; stage only for 45 gaging stations and 6 lakes; water quality for 37 surface-water stations (including 22 gaging stations) and 95 wells; and water levels for 243 observation wells. Also included are data for 113 crest-stage and flood-profile partial-record stations. Additional water data were collected at various sites not included in the systematic data-collection program, and are published as miscellaneous measurements. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System operated by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Louisiana.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wdrLA971","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development and with other State and Federal agencies","usgsCitation":"Garrison, C., Goree, B., Lovelace, W., Montgomery, P., and Resweber, J., 1998, Water resources data, Louisiana, water year 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report LA-97-1, xviii, 495 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrLA971.","productDescription":"xviii, 495 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":492630,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1997/la-97-1/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":177565,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1997/la-97-1/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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