An important gap in the understanding of the hydrology of the Middle Rio Grande Basin, central New Mexico, is the rate at which water from the Rio Grande recharges the Santa Fe Group aquifer system. Several methodologies-including use of the Glover-Balmer equation, flood pulses, and channel permeameters- have been applied to this problem in the Middle Rio Grande Basin. In the work presented here, ground-water temperature profiles and ground-water levels beneath the Rio Grande were measured and numerically simulated at four sites. The direction and rate of vertical ground-water flux between the river and underlying aquifer was simulated and the effective vertical hydraulic conductivity of the sediments underlying the river was estimated through model calibration.
Seven sets of nested piezometers were installed during July and August 1996 at four sites along the Rio Grande in the Albuquerque area, though only four of the piezometer nests were simulated. In downstream order, these four sites are (1) the Bernalillo site, upstream from the New Mexico State Highway 44 bridge in Bernalillo (piezometer nest BRN02); (2) the Corrales site, upstream from the Rio Rancho sewage treatment plant in Rio Rancho (COR01); (3) the Paseo del Norte site, upstream from the Paseo del Norte bridge in Albuquerque (PDN01); and (4) the Rio Bravo site, upstream from the Rio Bravo bridge in Albuquerque (RBR01). All piezometers were completed in the inner-valley alluvium of the Santa Fe Group aquifer system. Ground-water levels and temperatures were measured in the four piezometer nests a total of seven times in the 24-month period from September 1996 through August 1998.
The flux between the surface- and ground-water systems at each of the field sites was quantified by one-dimensional numerical simulation of the water and heat exchange in the subsurface using the heat and water transport model VS2DH. Model calibration was aided by the use of PEST, a model-independent computer program that uses nonlinear parameter estimation. Mean vertical hydraulic conductivities were estimated by model calibration and range from 1.5x10-5 to 5.8x10-6 meters per second (m/s). Mean simulated vertical ground-water flux for the BRN02 piezometer nest is 3.30x10-7 m/s; for the COR01 piezometer nest is 3.58x10-7 m/s; for the PDN01 piezometer nest is 4.22x10-7 m/s; and for the RBR01 piezometer nest is 2.05x10-7 m/s. Comparison of the simulated vertical fluxes and vertical hydraulic conductivities derived from this study with values from other studies in the Middle Rio Grande Basin indicate agreement between 1 and 3.5 orders of magnitude for hydraulic conductivity and within 1 order of magnitude for vertical flux.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri994212","usgsCitation":"Bartolino, J.R., and Niswonger, R.G., 1999, Numerical simulation of vertical ground-water flux of the Rio Grande from ground-water temperature profiles, central New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4212, iv, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994212.","productDescription":"iv, 40 p.","numberOfPages":"45","costCenters":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":54859,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4212/wrir994212.pdf","text":"Report","size":"346 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRIR 1999–4212"},{"id":124469,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4212/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","geographicExtents":" {\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.3251953125,\n 32.731840896865684\n ],\n [\n -103.447265625,\n 32.731840896865684\n ],\n [\n -103.447265625,\n 36.03133177633187\n ],\n [\n -108.3251953125,\n 36.03133177633187\n ],\n [\n -108.3251953125,\n 32.731840896865684\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New Mexico Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6700 Edith Blvd NE
Albuquerque, NM 87113
In this report, we review literature pertaining to the response of coastal forests on the Gulf of Mexico to sea-level rise. The report is divided into chapters that discuss effects of sea-level rise on non-mangrove forests, effects of sea-level rise on mangrove forests, and responses of Gulf coast trees to increased flooding and salinity. An assessment of the extent of coastal forest likely to be affected by sea-level rise in the near future is beyond the scope of this report.
Chapter 1 discusses sea-level effects on non-mangrove forests of the Gulf of Mexico including descriptions of how coastlines and, therefore, coastal forests have changed through the Holo~ene, a discussion of how coastal geomorphology and hydrology may affect interactions of coastal forest with sea-level rise, and an evaluation of the role that hurricanes might play in coastal forest retreat.
Literature on geological changes throughout the Holocene is not fully reviewed; sufficient information is given to place current rates of coastal forest retreat into historical perspective. Similarly, effects of hurricanes on coastal forests are not fully reviewed. Information that is pertinent to the role of hurricanes in coastal forest retreat and to the effects of hurricanes on the forest's interaction with sea level is presented. For more extensive reviews of hurricane effects on coastal forests of the Caribbean and the southeastern United States, the reader is referred to issues of BioScience (1994, Vol 44, no. 4), Biotropica (1991, \"Special Issue: Ecosystem, Plant, and Animal Responses to Hurricanes in the Caribbean\", Vol. 23, No. 4, Part A) and the Journal of Coastal Research (1991, \"Impacts of Hurricane Hugo, Special Issue No. 8; and 1995, \"Imprcts of Hurricane Andrew on the Coastal Zones of Florida and Louisiana: 22-26 August 1992\", Special Issue No. 21).
Selected pertinent information from Virginia, South and North Carolina has been included in this review, because much of our knowledge of coastal forest response to hurricanes, salinity and flooding comes from the Atlantic coast. These areas are floristically similar to the northern Gulf of Mexico. Species distribution of coastal forest trees and shrubs on the Gulf of Mexico are listed in Appendix 1.
Extensive research has been conducted on the responses of individual tree species to increased salinity and flooding. Synthesis of this research, although very important for evaluating effects of sea-level rise and various hydrological modifications on coastal forest, is beyond the scope of this review. These studies are included as an annotated bibliography (Appendix 2). Selected field studies on tree responses to changes in hydrology and salinity (impoundments, drainage, etc.) are referenced in Appendix 3.
A review of mangrove response to sea-level rise is included in Chapter 2. Mangrove forests are discussed in the context of Holocene changes in geomorphology. Predictions of the fate of mangroves in the face of future sea-level rise, as well as a review of factors that affect interactions between mangroves and sea-level rise are discussed. Selected references from outside the United States are included, because much of our knowledge of how mangroves react to sea-level rise comes from other tropical areas of the world. A discussion of hurricane effects on the mangroves of south Florida highlights gaps in our knowledge of how hurricanes affect responses of mangrove vegetation to sea-level rise there. Mangrove responses to temperature and elevated CO2 are briefly mentioned. These factors, as well as sea level, are expected to change in the future and may affect mangrove distribution.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr99441","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Williams, K., Pinzon, Z.S., Stumpf, R., and Raabe, E.A., 1999, Sea-level rise and coastal forests on the Gulf of Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-441, 122 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99441.","productDescription":"122 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154976,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0441/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":51583,"rank":298,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0441/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc504","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Kimberlyn","contributorId":91527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Kimberlyn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pinzon, Zuleika S.","contributorId":72407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pinzon","given":"Zuleika","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stumpf, Richard P.","contributorId":193799,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stumpf","given":"Richard P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":187257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Raabe, Ellen A. eraabe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raabe","given":"Ellen","email":"eraabe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":187258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":28846,"text":"wri994136 - 1999 - Simulation of the effects of nearby quarrying operations on ground-water flow at the South Well Field, Franklin County, Ohio","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:44","indexId":"wri994136","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-4136","title":"Simulation of the effects of nearby quarrying operations on ground-water flow at the South Well Field, Franklin County, Ohio","docAbstract":"The City of Columbus, Ohio, operates a municipal well field in southern Franklin County that is adjacent to a sand and gravel mining operation. Mining operations have the potential to alter ground-water flowpaths and change the sources of water to pumped wells. Previous ground-water-flow modeling of the area has shown that water pumped from the supply wells is derived from infiltration from nearby rivers and surrounding bedrock. Some of that water flows through existing quarries. Because water quality differs among these sources and is affected by the path along which water flows to the wells, five flow conditions were simulated to evaluate the influence of different mining scenarios on sources of water as related to the size and shape of contributing recharge areas (CRAs) to wells. The first simulation was based on a revision of an existing model by Schalk (1996). The second and third simulations included one in which a 20-foot layer of undisturbed aquifer material within the quarry above the bedrock is left intact, and another in which the 20-foot layer is removed. The fourth and fifth simulations included one in which the 20-foot layer of undisturbed aquifer material is left above the bedrock and the quarry is backfilled with fine- grained sand and silt (a byproduct of the mining operations), and another in which the 20-foot layer is removed before the quarry is backfilled with the fine-grained sand and silt.\r\n\r\nThe results of the five model simulations indicate that the overall volumetric budgets among models change only slightly in response to changing conditions at the quarry. The most significant change is noted in the amount of water that the aquifers gained from constant head and river leakage. This change is due to the way the quarries were simulated and lower heads in the aquifers compared to those in simulations made with earlier models. Previously published model simulations showed that the 5-year CRAs did not extend into the area of the newest sand and gravel quarry. In this study, however, the size and shape of the CRAs differ in response to the addition of two supply wells, and the 5-year CRA for one of these wells intersects the sand and gravel quarry.\r\n\r\nParticle-tracking analysis indicates that the proportions of water from the principal water sources -- rivers, other quarries (excluding the quarry of interest), and bedrock -- stayed relatively constant among the model simulations. The number of particles that originate in the quarry of interest increased from about 1 percent of the total particles withdrawn through all wells when the 20-foot layer of undisturbed aquifer material was left intact, to 2 percent when the 20-foot layer was removed. In simulations in which the quarry of interest was filled with fine-grained sand and silt, the percentage of particles that travel through or originate in that quarry decreased to less than 1 percent of the total number of particles. Thus, the mining activities at the quarry of interest, combined with increased pumping at the two supply wells have only a small potential to change the overall water quality of water withdrawn from supply wells at the South Well Field.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri994136","usgsCitation":"Nalley, G.M., and Haefner, R.J., 1999, Simulation of the effects of nearby quarrying operations on ground-water flow at the South Well Field, Franklin County, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4136, iv, 23 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994136.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":95730,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4136/report.pdf","size":"7448","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158941,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4136/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f7e4b07f02db5f1e75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nalley, Gregory M. gmnalley@usgs.gov","contributorId":3674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nalley","given":"Gregory","email":"gmnalley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":200499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haefner, Ralph J. 0000-0002-4363-9010 rhaefner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4363-9010","contributorId":1793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haefner","given":"Ralph","email":"rhaefner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":200498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5508,"text":"fs10699 - 1999 - The National Hydrography Dataset","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-04-15T17:28:14","indexId":"fs10699","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"106-99","title":"The National Hydrography Dataset","docAbstract":"The National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) is a newly combined dataset that provides hydrographic data for the United States. The NHD is the culmination of recent cooperative efforts of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). It combines elements of USGS digital line graph (DLG) hydrography files and the USEPA Reach File (RF3). The NHD supersedes RF3 and DLG files by incorporating them, not by replacing them. Users of RF3 or DLG files will find the same data in a new, more flexible format. They will find that the NHD is familiar but greatly expanded and refined.\r\n\r\nThe DLG files contribute a national coverage of millions of features, including water bodies such as lakes and ponds, linear water features such as streams and rivers, and also point features such as springs and wells. These files provide standardized feature types, delineation, and spatial accuracy. From RF3, the NHD acquires hydrographic sequencing, upstream and downstream navigation for modeling applications, and reach codes. The reach codes provide a way to integrate data from organizations at all levels by linking the data to this nationally consistent hydrographic network. The feature names are from the Geographic Names Information System (GNIS).\r\n\r\nThe NHD provides comprehensive coverage of hydrographic data for the United States. Some of the anticipated end-user applications of the NHD are multiuse hydrographic modeling and water-quality studies of fish habitats. Although based on 1:100,000-scale data, the NHD is planned so that it can incorporate and encourage the development of the higher resolution data that many users require. The NHD can be used to promote the exchange of data between users at the national, State, and local levels. Many users will benefit from the NHD and will want to contribute to the dataset as well.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs10699","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1999, The National Hydrography Dataset: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 106-99, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs10699.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124818,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0106/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":32080,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0106/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b0ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5625,"text":"fs07799 - 1999 - Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":5624,"text":"fs20595 - 1995 - Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS)","indexId":"fs20595","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS)"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":5625,"text":"fs07799 - 1999 - Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS)","indexId":"fs07799","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"title":"Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS)"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":25102,"text":"fs04394 - 1994 - Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS)","indexId":"fs04394","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"title":"Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS)"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":5625,"text":"fs07799 - 1999 - Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS)","indexId":"fs07799","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"title":"Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS)"},"id":2}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-16T17:16:05","indexId":"fs07799","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"077-99","title":"Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS)","docAbstract":"The American National Standards Institute?s (ANSI) Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS) is a mechanism for archiving and transferring of spatial data (including metadata) between dissimilar computer systems. The SDTS specifies exchange constructs, such as format, structure, and content, for spatially referenced vector and raster (including gridded) data.\r\n\r\nThe SDTS includes a flexible conceptual model, specifications for a quality report, transfer module specifications, data dictionary specifications, and definitions of spatial features and attributes.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs07799","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1999, Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 077-99, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs07799.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":126810,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0077/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":32124,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0077/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e7082","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5264,"text":"fs09999 - 1999 - USGS ground-water flow model : an essential tool for managing the water supply of the Virginia Coastal Plain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-31T15:38:34","indexId":"fs09999","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"099-99","title":"USGS ground-water flow model : an essential tool for managing the water supply of the Virginia Coastal Plain","docAbstract":"Virginia needs a reliable water supply to sustain its growing population and expanding economy. In 1990, the aquifers in the Coastal Plain supplied about 100 million gallons per day (mgd) to the citizens, businesses, and industries of Virginia. It is estimated that by the year 2000, demand will increase by another 10 mgd and likely will continue to increase in future years.
Ground water is the only source of usable water in rural areas of the Coastal Plain and increasingly is being used to support a growing urban population. Current withdrawals have led to declining water levels in most Coastal Plain aquifers. Further declines are likely to occur, posing a threat that saltwater will move into parts of these freshwater aquifers.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs09999","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality","usgsCitation":"Erwin, M.L., McFarland, R.E., and Scott, B.T., 1999, USGS ground-water flow model : an essential tool for managing the water supply of the Virginia Coastal Plain: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 099-99, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs09999.","productDescription":"4 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":31975,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0099/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 1999-0099"},{"id":118092,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0099/report-thumb.jpg"}],"contact":"Director, Virginia Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1730 East Parham Road
Richmond, VA 23228
Metropolitan areas in the United States are growing at unprecedented rates, creating extensive urban landscapes. Many of the farmlands, wetlands, forests, and deserts that formed the America of 1900 have been transformed during the past 100 years into human settlements. Almost everyone has seen these changes to their local environment but without a clear understanding of their impacts. It is not until we study these landscapes from a spatial perspective and the time scale of decades that we can begin to measure the changes that have occurred and predict the impact of changes to come.
The U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Urban Dynamics Research (UDR) program studies the landscape transformations that result from the growth of metropolitan regions over time. Using sources such as historic maps, aerial photographs, and Landsat satellite data, USGS scientists first assemble retrospective urban land use databases that reflect several decades of change. These databases are then used to analyze the effects of urbanization on the landscape, and to model urban growth and land use change under alternative growth scenarios.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs18899","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1999, Analysis of land use change in urban environments: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 188-99, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs18899.","productDescription":"4 p.","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122992,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_188_99.jpg"},{"id":361998,"rank":4,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0188/fs188_99.pdf","text":"Report","size":"244 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 1999–0188"},{"id":361997,"rank":3,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0188/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Director, Earth Resources Observation and Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
47914 252nd Street
Sioux Falls, SD 57198
Director, New Mexico Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6700 Edith Blvd NE
Albuquerque, NM 87113
The health of native riparian vegetation and its relation to hydrologic conditions were studied along the Mojave River mainly during the growing seasons of 1997 and 1998. The study concentrated on cottonwood-willow woodlands (predominantly Populus fremontii and Salix gooddingii) and mesquite bosques (predominantly Prosopis glandulosa). Tree-growth characteristics were measured at 16 cottonwood-willow woodland sites and at 3 mesquite bosque sites. Density of live and dead trees, tree diameter and height, canopy density, live-crown volume, leaf-water potential, leaf-area index, mortality, and reproduction were measured or noted at each site. The sites included healthy and reproducing woodlands and bosques, stressed woodlands and bosques with no reproduction, and woodlands and bosques with high mortality.
Tree roots were studied at seven sites to determine the vertical distribution of the root system and their relation to the water table at healthy, stressed, and high-mortality cottonwood-willow woodlands. In the six trenches that were dug for this study in May 1997, no cottonwood roots were observed that reached the water table. The root systems of healthy trees typically ended 1 to 2 feet above the water table. At sites with high mortality, the main root mass was commonly 7 to 8 feet above the water table.
Water-table depth was monitored at each of the study sites. In addition, volumetric soil moisture and soil-water potential were monitored at varying depths at three cottonwood-willow woodland study sites and at two mesquite bosque sites. Ground, soil, river, lake, and plant (xylem sap) water were analyzed for concentrations of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes to determine the source of water used by the trees.
On the basis of the root-distribution, soil- and leaf-water potential, and isotope data, it was concluded that cottonwood, willow, and mesquite trees mainly rely on ground water for their perennial sustained supply of water. The trees mainly utilize ground water that has moved upward from the water table into the capillary fringe and into unsaturated soil nearer to land surface. Most precipitation (average is 4 to 6 inches per year) is lost by evaporation and by transpiration of shallow-rooted xeric plants, and very little reaches the root zone of trees along the Mojave River.
Water-table depth had no strong correlation to many individual tree-growth characteristics, such as density, diameter, height, and live-crown volume. However, leaf-area index (corrected for stem area) of both healthy and stressed cottonwood-willow woodlands had a highly significant statistical relation to water-table depth, and a curvilinear regression model was defined. As in cottonwood-willow woodlands, leaf-area index of mesquite bosques also decreased with increased water-table depth. However, because of the small number of sites, no significant statistical relation could be defined for mesquite bosques. Because it can be accurately measured repeatedly at the same locations, leaf-area index (corrected for stem area) is recommended as the primary growth characteristic that should be monitored. Future vegetation changes along the Mojave River can be quantified using the sites established for this study.
Mortality was as high as 39 percent in healthy cottonwood-willow woodlands, but mortality of 50 to 100 percent was common where water-table depth was greater than about 7 feet or in areas where permanent water-table declines greater than about 5 feet had occurred. At a healthy mesquite bosque where the water-table depth ranged from about 8 to 11 feet, mortality was about 20 percent. Where the water table had been lowered an additional 10 to 25 feet by pumping, mortality of the mesquite was extremely high (80 to 99 percent).
On the basis of observations of plant reproduction, it was concluded that established cottonwood-willow woodlands probably will reproduce, mainly by root sprouting of mature trees, if the water-table depth during spring and early summer is less than about 5 feet and if there is sufficient sunlight. Likewise, reproduction in established mesquite bosques will probably occur by root sprouting if the water-table depth during spring and early summer is less than about 8 feet. Germination of cottonwood and willow seeds is common during spring in dry channels following winter stormflows in the Mojave River. However, most of the seedlings die before their roots reach a perennial water supply near the water table, and established stands of trees resulting from seed germination are rare.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri994112","usgsCitation":"Lines, G.C., 1999, Health of native riparian vegetation and its relation to hydrologic conditions along the Mojave River, southern California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4112, iv, 28 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri994112.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":411743,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22565.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":159394,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4112/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":95711,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1999/4112/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Mojave River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.441,\n 35.062\n ],\n [\n -117.441,\n 34.321\n ],\n [\n -116.312,\n 34.321\n ],\n [\n -116.312,\n 35.062\n ],\n [\n -117.441,\n 35.062\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6ae4b07f02db63c880","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lines, Gregory C.","contributorId":50502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lines","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":44868,"text":"wri964068 - 1999 - Induced infiltration from the Rockaway River and water chemistry in a stratified-drift aquifer at Dover, New Jersey, with a section on modeling ground-water flow in the Rockaway River Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-02T10:33:42","indexId":"wri964068","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"96-4068","title":"Induced infiltration from the Rockaway River and water chemistry in a stratified-drift aquifer at Dover, New Jersey, with a section on modeling ground-water flow in the Rockaway River Valley","docAbstract":"The vertical hydraulic conductivity per unit thickness (streambed leakance) of unconsolidated sediment immediately beneath the channel of the Rockaway River near a municipal well field at Dover, N.J., is between 0.2 and 0.6 feet per day per foot and is probably near the low end of this range. This estimate is based on evaluation of three lines of evidence: (1) Streamflow measurements, which indicated that induced infiltration of river water near the well field averaged 0.67 cubic feet per second; (2) measurements of the rate of downward propagation of diurnal fluctuations in dissolved oxygen and water temperature at three piezometers, which indicated vertical Darcian flow velocities of 0.6 and 1.5 feet per day, respectively; and (3) chemical mixing models based on stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen, which indicated that 30 percent of the water reaching a well near the center of the well field was derived from the river. The estimated streambed-leakance values are compatible with other aquifer properties and with hydraulic stresses observed over a 2-year period, as demonstrated by a set of six alternative groundwater flow models of the Rockaway River valley. Simulated water levels rose 0.5 to 1.7 feet near the well field when simulated streambed leakance was changed from 0.2 to 0.6 feet per day per foot, or when a former reach of the Rockaway River valley that is now blocked by glacial drift was simulated as containing a continuous sand aquifer (rather than impermeable till). Model recalibration to observed water levels could accommodate either of these changes, however, by plausible adjustments in hydraulic conductivity of 35 percent or less.
The ground-water flow models incorporate a new procedure for simulating areal recharge, in which water available for recharge in any time interval is accepted as recharge only where the water level in the uppermost model layer is below land surface. Water rejected as recharge on upland hillsides is allowed to recharge aquifers at the base of the hillsides. Inclusion of uplands in models of valley-fill aquifers and use of the new procedure increases model complexity and data requirements, but automates the simulation of recharge to those aquifers from the uplands, even in transient-state simulations with multiple periods of varied stresses, and facilitates delineation of upland areas that contribute water to well fields. The area from which ground water flowed toward the Dover well field decreased with an increase in simulated streambed leakance or an increase in simulated hydraulic conductivity of upland till.
Concentrations of solutes in ground water near the Dover well field reflect the mixing of native ground water with water infiltrated from the Rockaway River. Chemical reactions in the aquifer, chiefly the weathering of carbonate minerals by dissolved carbon dioxide, affect the pH and the concentrations of both solutes and dissolved gases. Concentrations of sodium, chloride, and sulfate appear to be related to man's activities, such as road deicing, or to decay of organic matter in the aquifer.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri964068","usgsCitation":"Dysart, J.E., Rheaume, S.J., and Kontis, A.L., 1999, Induced infiltration from the Rockaway River and water chemistry in a stratified-drift aquifer at Dover, New Jersey, with a section on modeling ground-water flow in the Rockaway River Valley: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4068, 112 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri964068.","productDescription":"112 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":162339,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4068/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":344534,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1996/4068/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","city":"Dover","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f3e4b07f02db5ef64c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dysart, Joel E.","contributorId":42256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dysart","given":"Joel","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rheaume, Stephen J.","contributorId":50512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rheaume","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kontis, Angelo L.","contributorId":22809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kontis","given":"Angelo","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":23734,"text":"ofr99346 - 1999 - An evaluation of alternative chemical classifications of sandstones","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-09T15:01:40","indexId":"ofr99346","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"99-346","title":"An evaluation of alternative chemical classifications of sandstones","docAbstract":"Chemical classification of sandstone is worth attempting because modern analytical methods are producing extensive data sets on rock composition. Previous compilations and statistical studies have demonstrated the application of chemical data to problems in sandstone petrology, but classification has been largely ignored. Chemical data has value for classification, but the limitations of using chemical data for classification must be identified. Consideration of the processes of sandstone formation permits formulation of classification guidelines and systems for classification. Alternative systems for chemical classification can be then evaluated for their power to identify major types of sandstones and to facilitate genetic interpretation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr99346","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Lindsey, D.A., 1999, An evaluation of alternative chemical classifications of sandstones: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-346, 28 cm, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99346.","productDescription":"28 cm","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156799,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0346/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":52974,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/0346/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":1749,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/ofr-99-0346/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad8e4b07f02db6849e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindsey, D. A.","contributorId":49814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindsey","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":190621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":50160,"text":"ofr98629 - 1999 - A temporal and spatial analysis of ground-water levels for effective monitoring in Huron County, Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-06T16:05:48","indexId":"ofr98629","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-629","title":"A temporal and spatial analysis of ground-water levels for effective monitoring in Huron County, Michigan","docAbstract":"Quarterly water-level measurements were analyzed to assess the effectiveness of a monitoring network of 26 wells in Huron County, Michigan. Trends were identified as constant levels and autoregressive components were computed at all wells on the basis of data collected from 1993 to 1997, using structural time series analysis. Fixed seasonal components were identified at 22 wells and outliers were identified at 23 wells. The 95- percent confidence intervals were forecast for water-levels during the first and second quarters of 1998. Intervals in the first quarter were consistent with 92.3 percent of the measured values. In the second quarter, measured values were within the forecast intervals only 65.4 percent of the time. Unusually low precipitation during the second quarter is thought to have contributed to the reduced reliability of the second-quarter forecasts.
Spatial interrelations among wells were investigated on the basis of the autoregressive components, which were filtered to create a set of innovation sequences that were temporally uncorrelated. The empirical covariance among the innovation sequences indicated both positive and negative spatial interrelations. The negative covariance components are considered to be physically implausible and to have resulted from random sampling error. Graphical modeling, a form of multivariate analysis, was used to model the covariance structure. Results indicate that only 29 of the 325 possible partial correlations among the water-level innovations were statistically significant. The model covariance matrix, corresponding to the model partial correlation structure, contained only positive elements. This model covariance was sequentially partitioned to compute a set of partial covariance matrices that were used to rank the effectiveness of the 26 monitoring wells from greatest to least. Results, for example, indicate that about 50 percent of the uncertainty of the water-level innovations currently monitored by the 26- well network could be described by the 6 most effective wells.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lansing, MI","doi":"10.3133/ofr98629","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Huron County, Michigan","usgsCitation":"Holtschlag, D.J., and Sweat, M., 1999, A temporal and spatial analysis of ground-water levels for effective monitoring in Huron County, Michigan: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-629, ii, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98629.","productDescription":"ii, 24 p.","costCenters":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":175412,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr98629.JPG"},{"id":7902,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://mi.water.usgs.gov/reports/Holtschlag12.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","county":"Huron 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David J. 0000-0001-5185-4928 dholtschlag@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5185-4928","contributorId":5447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holtschlag","given":"David","email":"dholtschlag@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":382,"text":"Michigan Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":240870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sweat, M.J.","contributorId":90786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweat","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":240871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":29667,"text":"wri974170 - 1999 - Ground-water flow, solute transport, and simulation of remedial alternatives for the water-table aquifer in Vega Alta, Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-10T18:33:11.043545","indexId":"wri974170","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4170","title":"Ground-water flow, solute transport, and simulation of remedial alternatives for the water-table aquifer in Vega Alta, Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"The water-table aquifer in Vega Alta, Puerto Rico, has been contaminated with volatile organic compounds. A three-dimensional ground-waterflow and solute-transport model was developed and calibrated to evaluate the effects of remedial alternatives designed to reduce the magnitude and extent of a trichloroethylene plume in the water-table aquifer. The development of the model was based on the computer code HST3D, developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. Heads measured from February 1983 to April 1992 were used to calibrate the ground-water-flow component of the model. Trichioroethylene concentrations measured in ground-water samples in January 1990 and March 1992 were used to calibrate the solute-transport component of the model, which consisted in the calibration of the longitudinal and transverse dispersivities, the distribution coefficient, and the solute influx at the source of trichloroethylene. Model input values assigned to specific storage, dispersivity, net recharge rates, effective porosity, riverbed conductivity, horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivities, initial heads and trichloroethylene concentrations, and the locations of specified-head, river-leakage, and no-flow boundaries are described in this report. The root mean square error of simulated water-table heads from the ground-water-flow component of the calibrated model was 0.81 foot. The root mean square error of the simulated trichloroethylene concentrations, from the solute-transport component of the calibrated model, was 29 micrograms per liter of trichloroethylene.
The four remedial alternatives simulated in this report were the revised Record of Decision, and alternatives A, B, and C. Remedial alternatives were simulated to study the movement of the trichloroethylene plume in the aquifer from March 1992 to March 2022, while wells located within the extent of the trichloroethylene plume pumped water at specified rates and depths at the prevailing trichloroethylene concentrations. The trichloroethylene mass in the Vega Alta water-table aquifer was estimated to be 12,984 and 12,814 pounds in January 1990 and March 1992, respectively. The solute influx to the aquifer was estimated to be 22 pounds per year under long-term net recharge rates. The trichloroethylene mass remaining in the aquifer was estimated to be 5,720 pounds in March 2022 after simulating the revised Record of Decision remedial alternative. The trichloroethylene mass remaining in the aquifer was estimated to be 5,194, 4,786, and 3,689 pounds in March 2022 after simulating remedial alternatives A, B, and C, respectively.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri974170","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Puerto Rico Industrial Development Company","usgsCitation":"Sepulveda, N., 1999, Ground-water flow, solute transport, and simulation of remedial alternatives for the water-table aquifer in Vega Alta, Puerto Rico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4170, vi, 96 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974170.","productDescription":"vi, 96 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":466023,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_22606.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":159869,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4170/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":412316,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4170/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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Rico\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db668f7a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sepulveda, Nicasio 0000-0002-6333-1865 nsepul@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6333-1865","contributorId":1454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sepulveda","given":"Nicasio","email":"nsepul@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5051,"text":"FLWSC-Orlando","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":201925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27671,"text":"wri984240 - 1999 - River-operations model for upper Carson River Basin, California and Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:43","indexId":"wri984240","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4240","title":"River-operations model for upper Carson River Basin, California and Nevada","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nBranch of Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri984240","usgsCitation":"Hess, G.W., and Taylor, R.L., 1999, River-operations model for upper Carson River Basin, California and Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4240, iv, 40 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984240.","productDescription":"iv, 40 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159048,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4240/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56522,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1998/4240/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a11e4b07f02db5ffe9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hess, Glen W.","contributorId":19136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Glen","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, R. Lynn","contributorId":85616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Lynn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":44550,"text":"wri984262 - 1999 - Simulation of ground-water system response to proposed withdrawals from 1993 to 2043 in the northern part of Juab Valley, Juab County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-30T20:08:30.057423","indexId":"wri984262","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-4262","title":"Simulation of ground-water system response to proposed withdrawals from 1993 to 2043 in the northern part of Juab Valley, Juab County, Utah","docAbstract":"Information on the ground-water system in the northern part of Juab Valley, Utah, is needed by water managers to plan the optimal use of surface water that will be imported by the Central Utah Project and ground water pumped locally. The response of the ground-water system to an increase in withdrawal with no new sources of recharge was simulated to provide a baseline for comparing possible water-management plans and to determine their potential effects on wetlands in the area.\r\n\r\nTo assess the effects of additional withdrawal on the system, a 50-year-long stress period was added to the end of the existing three-dimensional, finite-difference, ground-water flow model. This stress period simulates recharge and discharge stresses determined for 1987-92. Another model was constructed by simulating 30 additional wells pumping a total of 4,000 acre-feet per year in the 50-year-long stress period. The 30 additional wells were simulated in a north-south trending line along the eastern part of the valley and as pumping from the bottom model layer. The difference between model-computed water-level changes after 10, 30, and 50 years with and without the additional pumped wells was calculated for the uppermost model layer.\r\n\r\nWater-level declines of more than 6 feet were computed for layer 1 in the area east of Mona Reservoir, and natural sources of ground-water discharge in the northern part of the valley decreased in response to 30 years of additional pumping. Discharge from springs and seeps computed in 2022 of the revised model simulating additional pumping decreased by about 7 percent and computed discharge by evapotranspiration decreased by about 23 percent relative to the same time in the revised model simulating no additional pumping.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, Utah","doi":"10.3133/wri984262","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Central Utah Water Conservancy District","usgsCitation":"Thiros, S.A., 1999, Simulation of ground-water system response to proposed withdrawals from 1993 to 2043 in the northern part of Juab Valley, Juab County, Utah (Version 1.0): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 98-4262, iv, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri984262.","productDescription":"iv, 16 p.","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":135025,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":9775,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri984262/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":463446,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_81454.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Juab County","otherGeospatial":"Juab Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.08333333333333,39.333333333333336 ], [ -112.08333333333333,40 ], [ -111.66666666666667,40 ], [ -111.66666666666667,39.333333333333336 ], [ -112.08333333333333,39.333333333333336 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49ade4b07f02db5c75cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thiros, Susan A. 0000-0002-8544-553X sthiros@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8544-553X","contributorId":965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thiros","given":"Susan","email":"sthiros@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":229983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":25094,"text":"fs07299 - 1999 - U.S. Geological Survey and Microsoft Cooperative Research and Development Agreement: Geospatial Data Browsing and Retrieval Site on the World Wide Web","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":30751,"text":"fs11197 - 1998 - U.S. Geological Survey and Microsoft Cooperative Research and Development Agreement: Geospatial Data Browsing and Retrieval Site on the World Wide Web","indexId":"fs11197","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"title":"U.S. Geological Survey and Microsoft Cooperative Research and Development Agreement: Geospatial Data Browsing and Retrieval Site on the World Wide Web"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":25094,"text":"fs07299 - 1999 - U.S. Geological Survey and Microsoft Cooperative Research and Development Agreement: Geospatial Data Browsing and Retrieval Site on the World Wide Web","indexId":"fs07299","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"title":"U.S. Geological Survey and Microsoft Cooperative Research and Development Agreement: Geospatial Data Browsing and Retrieval Site on the World Wide Web"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-16T17:16:06","indexId":"fs07299","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1999","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"072-99","title":"U.S. Geological Survey and Microsoft Cooperative Research and Development Agreement: Geospatial Data Browsing and Retrieval Site on the World Wide Web","docAbstract":"In May 1997, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Microsoft Corporation of Redmond, Wash., entered into a cooperative research and development agreement (CRADA) to make vast amounts of geospatial data available to the general public through the Internet. The CRADA is a 36-month joint effort to develop a general, public-oriented browsing and retrieval site for geospatial data on the Internet. Specifically, Microsoft plans to (1) modify a large volume of USGS geospatial data so the images can be displayed quickly and easily over the Internet, (2) implement an easy-to-use interface for low-speed connections, and (3) develop an Internet Web site capable of servicing millions of users per day.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs07299","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1999, U.S. Geological Survey and Microsoft Cooperative Research and Development Agreement: Geospatial Data Browsing and Retrieval Site on the World Wide Web (Supersedes FS-111-97): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 072-99, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs07299.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122652,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0072/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54084,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1999/0072/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"edition":"Supersedes FS-111-97","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2be4b07f02db612e3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70179670,"text":"70179670 - 1998 - Use of geochemical mass balance modelling to evaluate the role of weathering in determining stream chemistry in five mid-Atlantic watersheds on different lithologies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-19T14:41:25","indexId":"70179670","displayToPublicDate":"2016-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Use of geochemical mass balance modelling to evaluate the role of weathering in determining stream chemistry in five mid-Atlantic watersheds on different lithologies","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water quality trends and geochemical mass balance","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","isbn":"9780471978688","usgsCitation":"O’Brien, A.K., Rice, K.C., Bricker, O.P., Kennedy, M.M., and Anderson, R.T., 1998, Use of geochemical mass balance modelling to evaluate the role of weathering in determining stream chemistry in five mid-Atlantic watersheds on different lithologies, chap. of Water quality trends and geochemical mass balance, p. 309-334.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"309","endPage":"334","costCenters":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333067,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":333032,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-047197868X.html"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5878a4b7e4b04df303d9586b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Peters, N.E.","contributorId":33332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658174,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bricker, Owen P.","contributorId":25142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bricker","given":"Owen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658175,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kennedy, Margaret M.","contributorId":178170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658176,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"O’Brien, Anne K.","contributorId":52955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Brien","given":"Anne","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rice, Karen C. 0000-0002-9356-5443 kcrice@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9356-5443","contributorId":1998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"Karen","email":"kcrice@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":614,"text":"Virginia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":658170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bricker, Owen P.","contributorId":25142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bricker","given":"Owen","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kennedy, Margaret M.","contributorId":178170,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Margaret","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, R. Todd","contributorId":178195,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Todd","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70162449,"text":"70162449 - 1998 - Instability of development and fractal architecture in dryland plants as an index of grazing pressure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-25T11:53:44","indexId":"70162449","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2183,"text":"Journal of Arid Environments","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Instability of development and fractal architecture in dryland plants as an index of grazing pressure","docAbstract":"Developmental instability has been used to monitor the well-being of natural populations exposed to physical, chemical and biological stressors. Here, we use developmental instability to assess the impact of grazing on Chrysothamnus greenii and Seriphidium novumshrubs, and Oryzopsis hymenoidesgrass, common in the arid intermountain west of the U.S.A. Statistical noise in allometric relations was used as an indicator of developmental instability arising from grazing-induced stress. Unpalatable species that are not grazed (Chrysothamnus greenii) or species that are dormant during the winter–spring grazing period (Oryzopsis hymenoides) show lower allometric variability under high grazing pressure. Palatable species (Seriphidium novum) exhibit high developmental instability under low and high grazing pressure. Grazing pressure imposed by presumably co-adapted wild herbivores enhances developmental stability in species habituated to moderate grazing, likeOryzopsis hymenoides, but stresses plants such as Chrysothamnus greenii that prefer disturbed environments. These grazing effects are probably due to the impact grazing has on competitive relationships and not to the direct action of the herbivore on the plants.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elselvier","doi":"10.1006/jare.1997.0317","usgsCitation":"Alados, C., Emlen, J., Wachocki, B., and Freeman, D., 1998, Instability of development and fractal architecture in dryland plants as an index of grazing pressure: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 38, no. 1, p. 63-76, https://doi.org/10.1006/jare.1997.0317.","productDescription":"14","startPage":"63","endPage":"76","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479669,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1006/jare.1997.0317","text":"External Repository"},{"id":314765,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a75562e4b0b28f1184d856","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alados, C.L.","contributorId":22925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alados","given":"C.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Emlen, J.M.","contributorId":63979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emlen","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wachocki, B.","contributorId":152514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wachocki","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Freeman, D.C.","contributorId":21309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeman","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70074273,"text":"70074273 - 1998 - Modelling lake behaviour: how can we use mechanistic models to further our understanding of the response of lakes to climate change?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-28T15:07:08","indexId":"70074273","displayToPublicDate":"2014-01-01T14:59:48","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2995,"text":"Paläoklimaforschung","printIssn":"0930-4673","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modelling lake behaviour: how can we use mechanistic models to further our understanding of the response of lakes to climate change?","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pal_oklimaforschung","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Stuttgart : Gustav Fischer Verlag","usgsCitation":"Bartlein, P., Bengtsson, L., Harrison, S.P., Hostetler, S., Hsu, K., Qin, B., and Vassiljev, J., 1998, Modelling lake behaviour: how can we use mechanistic models to further our understanding of the response of lakes to climate change?: Paläoklimaforschung, v. 25, p. 169-177.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"177","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":281625,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd67f4e4b0b29085101b86","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartlein, P. J.","contributorId":54566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bartlein","given":"P. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bengtsson, L.","contributorId":84269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bengtsson","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harrison, S. P.","contributorId":78488,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Harrison","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hostetler, S. 0000-0003-2272-8302","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-8302","contributorId":30336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostetler","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hsu, K.","contributorId":99467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hsu","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Qin, B.","contributorId":18271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qin","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Vassiljev, J.","contributorId":21458,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vassiljev","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":489472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70020504,"text":"70020504 - 1998 - Seasonal inorganic nitrogen release in alpine lakes on the Colorado western slope","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-17T16:43:00.556525","indexId":"70020504","displayToPublicDate":"2013-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3059,"text":"Physical Geography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal inorganic nitrogen release in alpine lakes on the Colorado western slope","docAbstract":"In the Rocky Mountains, the association of increases in acidic deposition with increased atmospheric loading of sulfate and direct changes in surface water chemistry has been well established. The importance, though, of increased nitrogen (N) deposition in the episodic acidification of alpine lakes and N saturation in alpine ecosystems is only beginning to be documented. In alpine areas of the Colorado Front Range, modest loadings of N in deposition have been associated with leakage of N to surface waters. On the Colorado western slope, however, no leakage of N to surface waters has been reported. A 1995 study that included early season under-ice water samples that were not available in earlier studies showed that there is, in fact, N leakage to surface waters in some western slope basins. Under-ice nitrate (NO- 3) concentrations were as high as 10.5 μeq L-1 and only decreased to detection limits in September. Landscape type appears to be important in leakage of N to surface waters, which is associated with basins having steep slopes, thin soils, and large amounts of exposed bedrock. NO- 3 leakage compounds the existing sensitivity to episodic acidification from low acid neutralizing capacity (ANC), which is less than 40 μeq L-1 in those basins.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02723646.1998.10642658","issn":"02723646","usgsCitation":"Inyan, B., Williams, M., Tonnessen, K., Turk, J., and Campbell, D.H., 1998, Seasonal inorganic nitrogen release in alpine lakes on the Colorado western slope: Physical Geography, v. 19, no. 5, p. 406-420, https://doi.org/10.1080/02723646.1998.10642658.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"406","endPage":"420","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":231027,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.0251292448699,\n 41.023159036799285\n ],\n [\n -109.0251292448699,\n 36.98299258705342\n ],\n [\n -105.35019738940173,\n 36.98299258705342\n ],\n [\n -105.35019738940173,\n 41.023159036799285\n ],\n [\n -109.0251292448699,\n 41.023159036799285\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"19","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2013-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b88b2e4b08c986b316af4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Inyan, B.I.","contributorId":27222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Inyan","given":"B.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, M.W.","contributorId":15565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386466,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tonnessen, K.","contributorId":77903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tonnessen","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Turk, J.T.","contributorId":94259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turk","given":"J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":386470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Campbell, Donald H. dhcampbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Donald","email":"dhcampbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":386468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70006869,"text":"70006869 - 1998 - Book Review: Two visual programming languages for simulation modeling: Stella 5.0 and Modelmaker 3.0","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-06T23:52:05.500685","indexId":"70006869","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T13:45:28","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1121,"text":"Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Book Review: Two visual programming languages for simulation modeling: Stella 5.0 and Modelmaker 3.0","docAbstract":"No abtract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","usgsCitation":"Carter, J., 1998, Book Review: Two visual programming languages for simulation modeling: Stella 5.0 and Modelmaker 3.0: Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America, v. 79, no. 4, p. 237-239.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"239","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":260226,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":260201,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/20168276","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"79","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f204e4b0c8380cd4af89","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, J. 0000-0003-0110-0284 carterj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0110-0284","contributorId":81839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"J.","email":"carterj@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":355381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}