{"pageNumber":"1239","pageRowStart":"30950","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184938,"records":[{"id":70154794,"text":"70154794 - 2015 - A collision risk model to predict avian fatalities at wind facilities: an example using golden eagles, <i>Aquila chrysaetos</i>","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-06T11:41:25","indexId":"70154794","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-02T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A collision risk model to predict avian fatalities at wind facilities: an example using golden eagles, <i>Aquila chrysaetos</i>","docAbstract":"<p>Wind power is a major candidate in the search for clean, renewable energy. Beyond the technical and economic challenges of wind energy development are environmental issues that may restrict its growth. Avian fatalities due to collisions with rotating turbine blades are a leading concern and there is considerable uncertainty surrounding avian collision risk at wind facilities. This uncertainty is not reflected in many models currently used to predict the avian fatalities that would result from proposed wind developments. We introduce a method to predict fatalities at wind facilities, based on pre-construction monitoring. Our method can directly incorporate uncertainty into the estimates of avian fatalities and can be updated if information on the true number of fatalities becomes available from post-construction carcass monitoring. Our model considers only three parameters: hazardous footprint, bird exposure to turbines and collision probability. By using a Bayesian analytical framework we account for uncertainties in these values, which are then reflected in our predictions and can be reduced through subsequent data collection. The simplicity of our approach makes it accessible to ecologists concerned with the impact of wind development, as well as to managers, policy makers and industry interested in its implementation in real-world decision contexts. We demonstrate the utility of our method by predicting golden eagle (<i>Aquila chrysaetos</i>) fatalities at a wind installation in the United States. Using pre-construction data, we predicted 7.48 eagle fatalities year<sup>-1</sup> (95% CI: (1.1, 19.81)). The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service uses the 80th quantile (11.0 eagle fatalities year<sup>-1</sup>) in their permitting process to ensure there is only a 20% chance a wind facility exceeds the authorized fatalities. Once data were available from two-years of post-construction monitoring, we updated the fatality estimate to 4.8 eagle fatalities year-1 (95% CI: (1.76, 9.4); 80<sup>th</sup> quantile, 6.3). In this case, the increased precision in the fatality prediction lowered the level of authorized take, and thus lowered the required amount of compensatory mitigation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Public Library of Science","publisherLocation":"San Francisco, CA","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0130978","usgsCitation":"New, L., Bjerre, E., Millsap, B.A., Otto, M.C., and Runge, M.C., 2015, A collision risk model to predict avian fatalities at wind facilities: an example using golden eagles, <i>Aquila chrysaetos</i>: PLoS ONE, v. 10, no. 7, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0130978.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049300","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471954,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0130978","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":305581,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"559ba6a8e4b0b94a640170c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"New, Leslie lnew@usgs.gov","contributorId":145484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"New","given":"Leslie","email":"lnew@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bjerre, Emily","contributorId":44451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bjerre","given":"Emily","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Millsap, Brian A.","contributorId":75841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Millsap","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Otto, Mark C.","contributorId":6307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Otto","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Runge, Michael C. 0000-0002-8081-536X mrunge@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-536X","contributorId":3358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runge","given":"Michael","email":"mrunge@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70154807,"text":"70154807 - 2015 - Testing the thermal-niche oxygen-squeeze hypothesis for estuarine striped bass","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-10T15:17:54","indexId":"70154807","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-02T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1528,"text":"Environmental Biology of Fishes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Testing the thermal-niche oxygen-squeeze hypothesis for estuarine striped bass","docAbstract":"<p>In many stratified coastal ecosystems, conceptual and bioenergetics models predict seasonal reduction in quality and quantity of fish habitat due to high temperatures and hypoxia. We tested these predictions using acoustic telemetry of 2 to 4 kg striped bass (Morone saxatilis Walbaum) and high-resolution spatial water quality sampling in the Patuxent River, a sub-estuary of the Chesapeake Bay, during 2008 and 2009. Striped bass avoided hypoxic (dissolved oxygen &le;2 mg&middot;l&minus;1) subpycnocline waters, but frequently occupied habitats with high temperatures (&gt;25 &deg;C) in the summer months, as cooler habitats were typically not available. Using traditional concepts of the seasonal thermal-niche oxygen-squeeze, most of the Patuxent estuary would beconsidered unsuitable habitat for adult striped bass during summer. Application of a bioenergetics model revealed that habitats selected by striped bass during summer would support positive growth rates assuming fish could feed at one-half ofmaximum consumption. Occupancy of the estuary during summer by striped bass in this study was likely facilitated by sufficient prey and innate tolerance of high temperatures by sub-adult fish of the size range that we tagged. Our results help extend the thermalniche oxygen-squeeze hypothesis to native populations of striped bass in semi-enclosed coastal systems. Tolerance of for supraoptimal temperatures in our study supports recent suggestions by others that the thermal-niche concept for striped bass should be revised to include warmer temperatures.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht","doi":"10.1007/s10641-015-0431-3","usgsCitation":"Kraus, R.T., Secor, D., and Wingate, R.L., 2015, Testing the thermal-niche oxygen-squeeze hypothesis for estuarine striped bass: Environmental Biology of Fishes, v. 98, no. 10, p. 2083-2092, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-015-0431-3.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2083","endPage":"2092","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-049336","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305673,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","issue":"10","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55a4e143e4b0183d66e453a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kraus, Richard T. 0000-0003-4494-1841 rkraus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4494-1841","contributorId":2609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"Richard","email":"rkraus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Secor, D.H.","contributorId":99495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Secor","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wingate, Rebecca L.","contributorId":145585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wingate","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70154789,"text":"70154789 - 2015 - Sea otter health: challenging a pet hypothesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-06T12:49:53","indexId":"70154789","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2025,"text":"International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sea otter health: challenging a pet hypothesis","docAbstract":"<p>A recent series of studies on tagged sea otters (<i>Enhydra lutris nereis</i>) challenges the hypothesis that sea otters are sentinels of a dirty ocean, in particular, that pet cats are the main source of exposure to <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> in central California. Counter to expectations, sea otters from unpopulated stretches of coastline are less healthy and more exposed to parasites than city-associated otters. Ironically, now it seems that spillover from wildlife, not pets, dominates spatial patterns of disease transmission.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Australian Society for Parasitology","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2015.05.005","usgsCitation":"Lafferty, K.D., 2015, Sea otter health: challenging a pet hypothesis: International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife, v. 4, no. 3, p. 291-294, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2015.05.005.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"291","endPage":"294","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065768","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471956,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2015.05.005","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":305585,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"559ba6b1e4b0b94a640170cf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lafferty, Kevin D. 0000-0001-7583-4593 klafferty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7583-4593","contributorId":1415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lafferty","given":"Kevin","email":"klafferty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70154742,"text":"70154742 - 2015 - Southern San Andreas Fault seismicity is consistent with the Gutenberg-Richter magnitude-frequency distribution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-03T10:26:16","indexId":"70154742","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Southern San Andreas Fault seismicity is consistent with the Gutenberg-Richter magnitude-frequency distribution","docAbstract":"<p>The magnitudes of any collection of earthquakes nucleating in a region are generally observed to follow the Gutenberg-Richter (G-R) distribution. On some major faults, however, paleoseismic rates are higher than a G-R extrapolation from the modern rate of small earthquakes would predict. This, along with other observations, led to formulation of the characteristic earthquake hypothesis, which holds that the rate of small to moderate earthquakes is permanently low on large faults relative to the large-earthquake rate (Wesnousky et al., 1983; Schwartz and Coppersmith, 1984). We examine the rate difference between recent small to moderate earthquakes on the southern San Andreas fault (SSAF) and the paleoseismic record, hypothesizing that the discrepancy can be explained as a rate change in time rather than a deviation from G-R statistics. We find that with reasonable assumptions, the rate changes necessary to bring the small and large earthquake rates into alignment agree with the size of rate changes seen in epidemic-type aftershock sequence (ETAS) modeling, where aftershock triggering of large earthquakes drives strong fluctuations in the seismicity rates for earthquakes of all magnitudes. The necessary rate changes are also comparable to rate changes observed for other faults worldwide. These results are consistent with paleoseismic observations of temporally clustered bursts of large earthquakes on the SSAF and the absence of M greater than or equal to 7 earthquakes on the SSAF since 1857.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of Amercia","doi":"10.1785/0120140340","usgsCitation":"Page, M.T., and Felzer, K., 2015, Southern San Andreas Fault seismicity is consistent with the Gutenberg-Richter magnitude-frequency distribution: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 105, no. 4, p. 2070-2080, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120140340.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2070","endPage":"2080","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060995","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305534,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Southern San Andreas Fault","volume":"105","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55950123e4b0b6d21dd6cbc0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Page, Morgan T. 0000-0001-9321-2990 mpage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9321-2990","contributorId":3762,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"Morgan","email":"mpage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":563889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Felzer, Karen 0000-0003-0828-5525 kfelzer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0828-5525","contributorId":145408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Felzer","given":"Karen","email":"kfelzer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":563890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70155220,"text":"70155220 - 2015 - Social living mitigates the costs of a chronic illness in a cooperative carnivore","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:52:14","indexId":"70155220","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1466,"text":"Ecology Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Social living mitigates the costs of a chronic illness in a cooperative carnivore","docAbstract":"<p><span>Infection risk is assumed to increase with social group size, and thus be a cost of group living. We assess infection risk and costs with respect to group size using data from an epidemic of sarcoptic mange (</span><i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i><span>) among grey wolves (</span><i>Canis lupus</i><span>). We demonstrate that group size does not predict infection risk and that individual costs of infection, in terms of reduced survival, can be entirely offset by having sufficient numbers of pack-mates. Infected individuals experience increased mortality hazards with increasing proportions of infected pack-mates, but healthy individuals remain unaffected. The social support of group hunting and territory defence are two possible mechanisms mediating infection costs. This is likely a common phenomenon among other social species and chronic infections, but difficult to detect in systems where infection status cannot be measured continuously over time.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Blackwell Science","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1111/ele.12444","usgsCitation":"Almberg, E., Cross, P.C., Dobson, A.P., Smith, D.W., Metz, M., Stahler, D.R., and Hudson, P., 2015, Social living mitigates the costs of a chronic illness in a cooperative carnivore: Ecology Letters, v. 18, no. 7, p. 660-667, https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12444.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"660","endPage":"667","numberOfPages":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062430","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471957,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12444","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306321,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55c090b5e4b033ef521042b7","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/ele.12444","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ele.12444","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Almberg E. S., Cross P. C., Dobson A. P., Smith D. W., Metz M. C., Stahler D. R., Hudson P. J.","journalName":"Ecology Letters","publicationDate":"5/18/2015","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Almberg, Emily S.","contributorId":101111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Almberg","given":"Emily S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213 pcross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":2709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul","email":"pcross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dobson, Andrew P.","contributorId":63693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dobson","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Smith, Douglas W.","contributorId":95727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Metz, Matthew C","contributorId":145750,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Metz","given":"Matthew C","affiliations":[{"id":16224,"text":"Yellowstone Wolf Project, Yellowstone National Park, WY, USA; College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stahler, Daniel R.","contributorId":57703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stahler","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hudson, Peter J.","contributorId":85056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"Peter J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70155206,"text":"70155206 - 2015 - Genetic effects of habitat restoration in the Laurentian Great Lakes: an assessment of lake sturgeon origin and genetic diversity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-03T11:43:02","indexId":"70155206","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3271,"text":"Restoration Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genetic effects of habitat restoration in the Laurentian Great Lakes: an assessment of lake sturgeon origin and genetic diversity","docAbstract":"<p><span>Lake sturgeon (</span><i>Acipenser fulvescens</i><span>) have experienced significant habitat loss, resulting in reduced population sizes. Three artificial reefs were built in the Huron-Erie corridor in the Great Lakes to replace lost spawning habitat. Genetic data were collected to determine the source and numbers of adult lake sturgeon spawning on the reefs and to determine if the founder effect resulted in reduced genetic diversity. DNA was extracted from larval tail clips and 12 microsatellite loci were amplified. Larval genotypes were then compared to 22 previously studied spawning lake sturgeon populations in the Great Lakes to determine the source of the parental population. The effective number of breeders (</span><i>N</i><sub>b</sub><span>) was calculated for each reef cohort. The larval genotypes were then compared to the source population to determine if there were any losses in genetic diversity that are indicative of the founder effect. The St. Clair and Detroit River adult populations were found to be the source parental population for the larvae collected on all three artificial reefs. There were large numbers of contributing adults relative to the number of sampled larvae. There was no significant difference between levels of genetic diversity in the source population and larval samples from the artificial reefs; however, there is some evidence for a genetic bottleneck in the reef populations likely due to the founder effect. Habitat restoration in the Huron-Erie corridor is likely resulting in increased habitat for the large lake sturgeon population in the system and in maintenance of the population's genetic diversity.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Ecological Restoration","publisherLocation":"Malden, MA","doi":"10.1111/rec.12200","usgsCitation":"Jamie Marie Marranca, Amy Welsh, and Roseman, E., 2015, Genetic effects of habitat restoration in the Laurentian Great Lakes: an assessment of lake sturgeon origin and genetic diversity: Restoration Ecology, v. 23, no. 4, p. 455-464, https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12200.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"455","endPage":"464","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059130","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306318,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55c090aee4b033ef52104299","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jamie Marie Marranca","contributorId":145719,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jamie Marie Marranca","affiliations":[{"id":16210,"text":"Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Amy Welsh","contributorId":145720,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amy Welsh","affiliations":[{"id":16210,"text":"Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Roseman, Edward F. eroseman@usgs.gov","contributorId":139766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roseman","given":"Edward F.","email":"eroseman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":565070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70157326,"text":"70157326 - 2015 - MMI: Multimodel inference or models with management implications?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-20T11:40:49","indexId":"70157326","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"MMI: Multimodel inference or models with management implications?","docAbstract":"<p><span>We consider a variety of regression modeling strategies for analyzing observational data associated with typical wildlife studies, including all subsets and stepwise regression, a single full model, and Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC)-based multimodel inference. Although there are advantages and disadvantages to each approach, we suggest that there is no unique best way to analyze data. Further, we argue that, although multimodel inference can be useful in natural resource management, the importance of considering causality and accurately estimating effect sizes is greater than simply considering a variety of models. Determining causation is far more valuable than simply indicating how the response variable and explanatory variables covaried within a data set, especially when the data set did not arise from a controlled experiment. Understanding the causal mechanism will provide much better predictions beyond the range of data observed. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.894","usgsCitation":"Fieberg, J., and Johnson, D.H., 2015, MMI: Multimodel inference or models with management implications?: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 79, no. 5, p. 708-718, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.894.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"708","endPage":"718","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059993","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471958,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.894","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":308443,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5603cd4ee4b03bc34f544b25","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fieberg, J.","contributorId":106070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fieberg","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641 douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":1387,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70155025,"text":"70155025 - 2015 - Slope activity in Gale crater, Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-01T15:10:47","indexId":"70155025","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Slope activity in Gale crater, Mars","docAbstract":"<p><span>High-resolution repeat imaging of Aeolis Mons, the central mound in Gale crater, reveals active slope processes within tens of kilometers of the Curiosity rover. At one location near the base of northeastern Aeolis Mons, dozens of transient narrow lineae were observed, resembling features (Recurring Slope Lineae) that are potentially due to liquid water. However, the lineae faded and have not recurred in subsequent Mars years. Other small-scale slope activity is common, but has different spatial and temporal characteristics. We have not identified confirmed RSL, which Rummel et al. (Rummel, J.D. et al. [2014]. Astrobiology 14, 887&ndash;968) recommended be treated as potential special regions for planetary protection. Repeat images acquired as Curiosity approaches the base of Aeolis Mons could detect changes due to active slope processes, which could enable the rover to examine recently exposed material.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Astronomical Society","publisherLocation":"San Diego, CA","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2015.04.002","usgsCitation":"Dundas, C.M., and McEwen, A.S., 2015, Slope activity in Gale crater, Mars: Icarus, v. 254, p. 213-218, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2015.04.002.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"213","endPage":"218","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059900","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305954,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"254","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55b361b6e4b09a3b01b5dab9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dundas, Colin M. 0000-0003-2343-7224 cdundas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2343-7224","contributorId":2937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dundas","given":"Colin","email":"cdundas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McEwen, Alfred S.","contributorId":61657,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McEwen","given":"Alfred","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564712,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70154750,"text":"70154750 - 2015 - Training conservation practitioners to be better decision makers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-01T11:31:29","indexId":"70154750","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3504,"text":"Sustainability","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Training conservation practitioners to be better decision makers","docAbstract":"<p><span>Traditional conservation curricula and training typically emphasizes only one part of systematic decision making (</span><i>i.e.</i><span>, the science), at the expense of preparing conservation practitioners with critical skills in values-setting, working with decision makers and stakeholders, and effective problem framing. In this article we describe how the application of decision science is relevant to conservation problems and suggest how current and future conservation practitioners can be trained to be better decision makers. Though decision-analytic approaches vary considerably, they all involve: (1) properly formulating the decision problem; (2) specifying feasible alternative actions; and (3) selecting criteria for evaluating potential outcomes. Two approaches are available for providing training in decision science, with each serving different needs. Formal education is useful for providing simple, well-defined problems that allow demonstrations of the structure, axioms and general characteristics of a decision-analytic approach. In contrast, practical training can offer complex, realistic decision problems requiring more careful structuring and analysis than those used for formal training purposes. Ultimately, the kinds and degree of training necessary depend on the role conservation practitioners play in a decision-making process. Those attempting to facilitate decision-making processes will need advanced training in both technical aspects of decision science and in facilitation techniques, as well as opportunities to apprentice under decision analysts/consultants. Our primary goal should be an attempt to ingrain a discipline for applying clarity of thought to all decisions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","doi":"10.3390/su7078354","usgsCitation":"Johnson, F.A., Eaton, M.J., Williams, J., Jensen, G., and Madsen, J., 2015, Training conservation practitioners to be better decision makers: Sustainability, v. 7, no. 7, p. 8354-8373, https://doi.org/10.3390/su7078354.","startPage":"8354","endPage":"8373","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065362","costCenters":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471959,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su7078354","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":305528,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":305445,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/7/7/8354"}],"volume":"7","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55950124e4b0b6d21dd6cbc4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Fred A. 0000-0002-5854-3695 fjohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5854-3695","contributorId":2773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Fred","email":"fjohnson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":563952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eaton, Mitchell J. meaton@usgs.gov","contributorId":3912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eaton","given":"Mitchell","email":"meaton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":563951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, James H.","contributorId":145422,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"James H.","affiliations":[{"id":16118,"text":"Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Grenåvej 14, DK-8410 Rønde, Denmark","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":563953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jensen, Gitte H.","contributorId":74671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jensen","given":"Gitte H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":563954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Madsen, Jesper","contributorId":9950,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madsen","given":"Jesper","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":563955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70149255,"text":"ofr20151119 - 2015 - Monitoring population status of sea otters (<i>Enhydra lutris</i>) in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska: options and considerations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-17T12:52:24","indexId":"ofr20151119","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1119","title":"Monitoring population status of sea otters (<i>Enhydra lutris</i>) in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska: options and considerations","docAbstract":"<p><span>After many decades of absence from southeast Alaska, sea otters (</span><i>Enhydra lutris</i><span>) are recolonizing parts of their former range, including Glacier Bay, Alaska. Sea otters are well known for structuring nearshore ecosystems and causing community-level changes such as increases in kelp abundance and changes in the size and number of other consumers. Monitoring population status of sea otters in Glacier Bay will help park researchers and managers understand and interpret sea otter-induced ecosystem changes relative to other sources of variation, including potential human-induced impacts such as ocean acidification, vessel disturbance, and oil spills. This report was prepared for the National Park Service (NPS), Southeast Alaska Inventory and Monitoring Network following a request for evaluation of options for monitoring sea otter population status in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve. To meet this request, we provide a detailed consideration of the primary method of assessment of abundance and distribution, aerial surveys, including analyses of power to detect interannual trends and designs to reduce variation around annual abundance estimates. We also describe two alternate techniques for evaluating sea otter population status&mdash;(1) quantifying sea otter diets and energy intake rates, and (2) detecting change in ages at death. In addition, we provide a brief section on directed research to identify studies that would further our understanding of sea otter population dynamics and effects on the Glacier Bay ecosystem, and provide context for interpreting results of monitoring activities.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151119","collaboration":"National Park Service, Southeast Alaska Inventory and Monitoring Network","usgsCitation":"Esslinger, G.G., Esler, D., Howlin, S., and Starcevich, L.A., 2015, Monitoring population status of sea otters (<em>Enhydra lutris</em>) in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, Alaska—Options and considerations: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1119, 42 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151119.","productDescription":"iv, 42 p.","numberOfPages":"50","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066127","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305530,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr20151119.jpg"},{"id":305529,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1119/"},{"id":302337,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1119/pdf/ofr20151119.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1119"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -136.67404174804688,\n              58.84146431191663\n            ],\n            [\n              -135.90911865234375,\n              58.84643781578906\n            ],\n            [\n              -135.80474853515622,\n              58.39091676201985\n            ],\n            [\n              -136.05880737304688,\n              58.37507825384993\n            ],\n            [\n              -136.37741088867188,\n              58.58686725348443\n            ],\n            [\n              -136.56005859375,\n              58.58400407034718\n            ],\n            [\n              -136.67404174804688,\n              58.84146431191663\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p>Director, Alaska Science Center<br /> U.S. Geological Survey<br /> 4210 University Dr<br /> Anchorage, Alaska 99508-4560<br /><a href=\"http://alaska.usgs.gov/\">http://alaska.usgs.gov</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul>\n<li>Abstract</li>\n<li>Introduction</li>\n<li>Chapter 1. Estimating Sea Otter Abundance and Distribution Using Aerial Surveys</li>\n<li>Chapter 2. Estimating Sea Otter Diets and Energy Intake Rates</li>\n<li>Chapter 3. Detecting Change in Population Status by Monitoring Ages at Death</li>\n<li>Directed Research</li>\n<li>Synthesis</li>\n<li>Acknowledgments</li>\n<li>References Cited</li>\n<li>Appendix A. Simulation Plots</li>\n</ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"publishedDate":"2015-06-25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-06-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55950121e4b0b6d21dd6cbb6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Esslinger, George G. 0000-0002-3459-0083 gesslinger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3459-0083","contributorId":131009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esslinger","given":"George","email":"gesslinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":551367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Esler, Daniel 0000-0001-5501-4555 desler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-4555","contributorId":5465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esler","given":"Daniel","email":"desler@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":12437,"text":"Simon Fraser University, Centre for Wildlife Ecology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":556896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howlin, S.","contributorId":94624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howlin","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Starcevich, L.A.","contributorId":143714,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Starcevich","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":556897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70157072,"text":"70157072 - 2015 - Scale dependence of disease impacts on quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) mortality in the southwestern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-09T11:13:12","indexId":"70157072","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3835,"text":"Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Scale dependence of disease impacts on quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) mortality in the southwestern United States","docAbstract":"<p class=\"first\">Depending on how disease impacts tree exposure to risk, both the prevalence of disease and disease effects on survival may contribute to patterns of mortality risk across a species' range. Disease may accelerate tree species' declines in response to global change factors, such as drought, biotic interactions, such as competition, or functional traits, such as allometry. To assess the role of disease in mediating mortality risk in quaking aspen (<i>Populus tremuloides</i>), we developed hierarchical Bayesian models for both disease prevalence in live aspen stems and the resulting survival rates of healthy and diseased aspen near the species' southern range limit using 5088 individual trees on 281 United States Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis plots in the southwestern United States.</p>\n<p>We found that disease prevalence depended primarily on tree size, tree allometry, and spatial variation in precipitation, while mortality depended on tree size, allometry, competition, spatial variation in summer temperature, and both temporal and spatial variation in summer precipitation. Disease prevalence was highest in large trees with low slenderness found on dry sites. For healthy trees, mortality decreased with diameter, slenderness, and temporal variation in summer precipitation, but increased with competition and spatial variation in summer temperature. Mortality of diseased trees decreased with diameter and aspen relative basal area and increased with mean summer temperature and precipitation. Disease infection increased aspen mortality, especially in trees of intermediate size and trees on plots at climatic extremes (i.e., cool, wet and warm, dry climates).</p>\n<p class=\"last\">By examining variation in disease prevalence, mortality of healthy trees, and mortality of diseased trees, we showed that the role of disease in aspen tree mortality depended on the scale of inference. For variation among individuals in diameter, disease tended to expose intermediate-size trees experiencing moderate risk to greater risk. For spatial variation in summer temperature, disease exposed lower risk populations to greater mortality probabilities, but the magnitude of this exposure depended on summer precipitation. Furthermore, the importance of diameter and slenderness in mediating responses to climate supports the increasing emphasis on trait variation in studies of ecological responses to global change.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Brooklyn, NY","doi":"10.1890/14-1184.1","usgsCitation":"Bell, D.M., Bradford, J.B., and Lauenroth, W.K., 2015, Scale dependence of disease impacts on quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) mortality in the southwestern United States: Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, v. 96, no. 7, p. 1835-1845, https://doi.org/10.1890/14-1184.1.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1835","endPage":"1845","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059614","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":307999,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55f15832e4b0dacf699eb976","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bell, David M.","contributorId":34423,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":571502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":571501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lauenroth, William K.","contributorId":80982,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lauenroth","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7098,"text":"University of Wyoming, Department of Botany, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY 82071, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":571503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70155210,"text":"70155210 - 2015 - Age-specific vibrissae growth rates: a tool for determining the timing of ecologically important events in Steller sea lions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-03T11:05:13","indexId":"70155210","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2671,"text":"Marine Mammal Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age-specific vibrissae growth rates: a tool for determining the timing of ecologically important events in Steller sea lions","docAbstract":"<p><span>Steller sea lions (SSL;</span><i>&nbsp;Eumetopias jubatus</i><span>) grow their vibrissae continually, providing a multiyear record suitable for ecological and physiological studies based on stable isotopes. An accurate age-specific vibrissae growth rate is essential for registering a chronology along the length of the record, and for interpreting the timing of ecologically important events. We utilized four methods to estimate the growth rate of vibrissae in fetal, rookery pup, young-of-the-year (YOY), yearling, subadult, and adult SSL. The majority of vibrissae were collected from SSL live-captured in Alaska and Russia between 2000 and 2013 (</span><i>n</i><span>&nbsp;= 1,115), however, vibrissae were also collected from six adult SSL found dead on haul-outs and rookeries during field excursions to increase the sample size of this underrepresented age group. Growth rates of vibrissae were generally slower in adult (0.44 &plusmn; 0.15 cm/mo) and subadult (0.61 &plusmn; 0.10 cm/mo) SSL than in YOY (0.87 &plusmn; 0.28 cm/mo) and fetal (0.73 &plusmn; 0.05 cm/mo) animals, but there was high individual variability in these growth rates within each age group. Some variability in vibrissae growth rates was attributed to the somatic growth rate of YOY sea lions between capture events (</span><i>P</i><span>&nbsp;= 0.014,&nbsp;</span><i>r</i><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;= 0.206,&nbsp;</span><i>n</i><span>&nbsp;= 29).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Marine Mammalogy","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","doi":"10.1111/mms.12221","collaboration":"University of Alaska Fairbanks; Alaska Department of Fish and Game; Alaska SeaLife Center; North Pacific Wildlife Consulting","usgsCitation":"Rea, L., Christ, A., Hayden, A., Stegall, V., Farley, S., Stricker, C.A., Mellish, J., Maniscalco, J.M., Waite, J., Burkanov, V., and Pitcher, K., 2015, Age-specific vibrissae growth rates: a tool for determining the timing of ecologically important events in Steller sea lions: Marine Mammal Science, v. 31, no. 3, p. 1213-1233, https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.12221.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1213","endPage":"1233","numberOfPages":"21","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057588","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306313,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55c090aae4b033ef5210428f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rea, L.D.","contributorId":140864,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rea","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13599,"text":"University of Alaska - Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Christ, A.M.","contributorId":140865,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Christ","given":"A.M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hayden, A.B.","contributorId":145725,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayden","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stegall, V.K.","contributorId":74975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stegall","given":"V.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Farley, S.D.","contributorId":145726,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Farley","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7058,"text":"Alaska Department of Fish and Game","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stricker, Craig A. 0000-0002-5031-9437 cstricker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5031-9437","contributorId":1097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stricker","given":"Craig","email":"cstricker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mellish, J.E.","contributorId":145727,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mellish","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16211,"text":"Alaska SeaLife Center","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Maniscalco, John M.","contributorId":26473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maniscalco","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Waite, J.N.","contributorId":145728,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Waite","given":"J.N.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13599,"text":"University of Alaska - Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":565102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Burkanov, V.N.","contributorId":56026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burkanov","given":"V.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Pitcher, K.W.","contributorId":96492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitcher","given":"K.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":565104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70155283,"text":"70155283 - 2015 - Summer declines in activity and body temperature offer polar bears limited energy savings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T18:11:00","indexId":"70155283","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T12:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Summer declines in activity and body temperature offer polar bears limited energy savings","docAbstract":"<p><span>Polar bears (</span><i>Ursus maritimus</i><span>) summer on the sea ice or, where it melts, on shore. Although the physiology of &ldquo;ice&rdquo; bears in summer is unknown, &ldquo;shore&rdquo; bears purportedly minimize energy losses by entering a hibernation-like state when deprived of food. Such a strategy could partially compensate for the loss of on-ice foraging opportunities caused by climate change. However, here we report gradual, moderate declines in activity and body temperature of both shore and ice bears in summer, resembling energy expenditures typical of fasting, nonhibernating mammals. Also, we found that to avoid unsustainable heat loss while swimming, bears employed unusual heterothermy of the body core. Thus, although well adapted to seasonal ice melt, polar bears appear susceptible to deleterious declines in body condition during the lengthening period of summer food deprivation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1126/science.aaa8623","usgsCitation":"Whiteman, J., Harlow, H., Durner, G.M., Anderson-Sprecher, R., Albeke, S.E., Regehr, E.V., Amstrup, S.C., and Ben-David, M., 2015, Summer declines in activity and body temperature offer polar bears limited energy savings: Science, v. 349, no. 6245, p. 295-298, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa8623.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"295","endPage":"298","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063276","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":306491,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"349","issue":"6245","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7eef3e4b0bc0bec09ee16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whiteman, J.P.","contributorId":107549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whiteman","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Harlow, H.J.","contributorId":20178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harlow","given":"H.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Durner, George M. 0000-0002-3370-1191 gdurner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3370-1191","contributorId":3576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durner","given":"George","email":"gdurner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":565494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson-Sprecher, R.","contributorId":146357,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anderson-Sprecher","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Albeke, Shannon E.","contributorId":81781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albeke","given":"Shannon","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Regehr, Eric V. 0000-0003-4487-3105","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4487-3105","contributorId":66364,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Regehr","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":12428,"text":"U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Amstrup, Steven C.","contributorId":67034,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Amstrup","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":13182,"text":"Polar Bears International","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":567550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Ben-David, M.","contributorId":11563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ben-David","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":567551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70148606,"text":"70148606 - 2015 - Marine foraging ecology influences mercury bioaccumulation in deep-diving northern elephant seals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-04T16:03:48","indexId":"70148606","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3174,"text":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Marine foraging ecology influences mercury bioaccumulation in deep-diving northern elephant seals","docAbstract":"<p>Mercury contamination of oceans is prevalent worldwide and methylmercury concentrations in the mesopelagic zone (200&ndash;1000 m) are increasing more rapidly than in surface waters. Yet mercury bioaccumulation in mesopelagic predators has been understudied. Northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) biannually travel thousands of kilometres to forage within coastal and open-ocean regions of the northeast Pacific Ocean. We coupled satellite telemetry, diving behaviour and stable isotopes (carbon and nitrogen) from 77 adult females, and showed that variability among individuals in foraging location, diving depth and &delta;<sup>13</sup>C values were correlated with mercury concentrations in blood and muscle. We identified three clusters of foraging strategies, and these resulted in substantially different mercury concentrations: (i) deeper-diving and offshore-foraging seals had the greatest mercury concentrations, (ii) shallower-diving and offshore-foraging seals had intermediate levels, and (iii) coastal and more northerly foraging seals had the lowest mercury concentrations. Additionally, mercury concentrations were lower at the end of the seven-month-long foraging trip (n = 31) than after the two-month- long post-breeding trip (n = 46). Our results indicate that foraging behaviour influences mercury exposure and mesopelagic predators foraging in the northeast Pacific Ocean may be at high risk for mercury bioaccumulation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Royal Society Publishing","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.1098/rspb.2015.0710","usgsCitation":"Peterson, S.H., Ackerman, J., and Costa, D.P., 2015, Marine foraging ecology influences mercury bioaccumulation in deep-diving northern elephant seals: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 282, no. 1810, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.0710.","productDescription":"9 p.","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2011-01-01","temporalEnd":"2013-12-31","ipdsId":"IP-061944","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471961,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.0710","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":305740,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Mateo","otherGeospatial":"Año Nuevo State Reserve","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.640625,\n              36.38591277287651\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.33203125,\n              48.3416461723746\n            ],\n            [\n              -139.658203125,\n              59.265880628258095\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.732421875,\n              58.99531118795094\n            ],\n            [\n              -167.87109375,\n              52.3755991766591\n            ],\n            [\n              -178.9453125,\n              47.754097979680026\n            ],\n            [\n              -192.744140625,\n              48.80686346108517\n            ],\n            [\n              -171.73828125,\n              40.979898069620155\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.640625,\n              36.38591277287651\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"282","issue":"1810","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55a78438e4b0183d66e45e8c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, Sarah H.","contributorId":141211,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":548858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Costa, Daniel P.","contributorId":141212,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Costa","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":548860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70157378,"text":"70157378 - 2015 - Self-similar rupture implied by scaling properties of volcanic earthquakes occurring during the 2004-2008 eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-09-23T10:55:39","indexId":"70157378","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Self-similar rupture implied by scaling properties of volcanic earthquakes occurring during the 2004-2008 eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington","docAbstract":"<p><span>We analyze a group of 6073 low-frequency earthquakes recorded during a week-long temporary deployment of broadband seismometers at distances of less than 3&thinsp;km from the crater at Mount St. Helens in September of 2006. We estimate the seismic moment (</span><i>M</i><span>0</span><span>) and spectral corner frequency (</span><i>f</i><span>0</span><span>) using a spectral ratio approach for events with a high signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio that have a cross-correlation coefficient of 0.8 or greater with at least five other events. A cluster analysis of cross-correlation values indicates that the group of 421 events meeting the SNR and cross-correlation criteria forms eight event families that exhibit largely self-similar scaling. We estimate the&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><span>0</span><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>f</i><span>0</span><span>&nbsp;values of the 421 events and calculate their static stress drop and scaled energy (</span><i>E</i><span><i>R</i></span><span>/</span><i>M</i><span>0</span><span>) values. The estimated values suggest self-similar scaling within families, as well as between five of eight families (i.e.,&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math-equation-construct\" data-equation-construct=\"true\"><span class=\"math-equation-image\" data-equation-image=\"true\"><img class=\"inlineGraphic\" src=\"http://api.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/asset/v1/doi/10.1002%2F2014JB011744/asset/equation%2Fjgrb51149-math-0001.png?l=SkaBT8QEx2qAil3ITBtkuHTOQ1pnqowGQTmpw5QHnx2U2cn3oXAM090hrHXYlyZSX7%2Bmk1m%2BpFCe%0AAIvE%2FSocLg%3D%3D\" alt=\"inline image\" /></span></span><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math-equation-construct\" data-equation-construct=\"true\"><span class=\"math-equation-image\" data-equation-image=\"true\"><img class=\"inlineGraphic\" src=\"http://api.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/asset/v1/doi/10.1002%2F2014JB011744/asset/equation%2Fjgrb51149-math-0002.png?l=SkaBT8QEx2qAil3ITBtkuHTOQ1pnqowGQTmpw5QHnx2U2cn3oXAM090hrHXYlyZSlKraTIzJaq1Q%0ASI5N7VQPag%3D%3D\" alt=\"inline image\" /></span></span><span>&nbsp;constant). We speculate that differences in scaled energy values for the two families with variable scaling may result from a lack of resolution in the velocity model. The observation of self-similar scaling is the first of its kind for such a large group of low-frequency volcanic tectonic events occurring during a single active dome extrusion eruption.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Richmond, VA","doi":"10.1002/2014JB011744","usgsCitation":"Harrington, R., Kwiatek, G., and Moran, S.C., 2015, Self-similar rupture implied by scaling properties of volcanic earthquakes occurring during the 2004-2008 eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 120, no. 7, p. 1966-1982, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JB011744.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1966","endPage":"1982","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063870","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471962,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_1397953","text":"External Repository"},{"id":308433,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"120","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5603cd5ae4b03bc34f544b3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harrington, Rebecca M.","contributorId":71089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrington","given":"Rebecca M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":572921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kwiatek, Grzegorz","contributorId":147852,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kwiatek","given":"Grzegorz","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16947,"text":"German Research Centre for Geosciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":572922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Moran, Seth C. 0000-0001-7308-9649 smoran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7308-9649","contributorId":548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moran","given":"Seth","email":"smoran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70155894,"text":"70155894 - 2015 - A landsat data tiling and compositing approach optimized for change detection in the conterminous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T09:41:46","indexId":"70155894","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A landsat data tiling and compositing approach optimized for change detection in the conterminous United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>Annual disturbance maps are produced by the LANDFIRE program across the conterminous United States (CONUS). Existing LANDFIRE disturbance data from 1999 to 2010 are available and current efforts will produce disturbance data through 2012. A tiling and compositing approach was developed to produce bi-annual images optimized for change detection. A tiled grid of 10,000 &times; 10,000 30 m pixels was defined for CONUS and adjusted to consolidate smaller tiles along national borders, resulting in 98 non-overlapping tiles. Data from Landsat-5,-7, and -8 were re-projected to the tile extents, masked to remove clouds, shadows, water, and snow/ice, then composited using a cosine similarity approach. The resultant images were used in a change detection algorithm to determine areas of vegetation change. This approach enabled more efficient processing compared to using single Landsat scenes, by taking advantage of overlap between adjacent paths, and allowed an automated system to be developed for the entire process.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Photogrammetry","publisherLocation":"Falls Church, VA","doi":"10.14358/PERS.81.7.573","usgsCitation":"Nelson, K., and Steinwand, D.R., 2015, A landsat data tiling and compositing approach optimized for change detection in the conterminous United States: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 81, no. 7, p. 573-586, https://doi.org/10.14358/PERS.81.7.573.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"573","endPage":"586","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055870","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488385,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index 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 \"}}]}\n","volume":"81","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d305aae4b0518e35468cd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Kurtis 0000-0003-4911-4511 knelson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4911-4511","contributorId":3602,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Kurtis","email":"knelson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steinwand, Daniel R. steinwand@usgs.gov","contributorId":3224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinwand","given":"Daniel","email":"steinwand@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center 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,{"id":70154854,"text":"70154854 - 2015 - Climate-water quality relationships in Texas reservoirs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-12-21T13:19:21","indexId":"70154854","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate-water quality relationships in Texas reservoirs","docAbstract":"<p>Water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and concentrations of salts in surface water bodies can be affected by the natural environment, local human activities such as surface and ground water withdrawals, land use, and energy extraction, and variability and long-term trends in atmospheric conditions including temperature and precipitation. Here, we quantify the relationship between 121 indicators of mean and extreme temperature and precipitation and 24 water quality parameters in 57 Texas reservoirs using observational data records covering the period 1960 to 2010. We find that water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, specific conductance, chloride, sulfate, and phosphorus all show consistent correlations with atmospheric predictors, including high and low temperature extremes, dry days, heavy precipitation events, and mean temperature and precipitation over time scales ranging from one week to two years. Based on this analysis and published future projections for this region, we expect climate change to increase water temperatures, decrease dissolved oxygen levels, decrease pH, increase specific conductance, and increase levels of sulfate, chloride in Texas reservoirs. Over decadal time scales, this may affect aquatic ecosystems in the reservoirs, including altering the risk of conditions conducive to algae occurrence, as well as affecting the quality of water available for human consumption and recreation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Chichester, Sussex, England","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10545","usgsCitation":"Gelca, R., Hayhoe, K., Scott-Fleming, I., Crow, C., Dawson, D., and Patino, R., 2015, Climate-water quality relationships in Texas reservoirs: Hydrological Processes, v. 30, no. 1, p. 12-29, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10545.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"12","endPage":"29","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053869","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305646,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Katharine","contributorId":35624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayhoe","given":"Katharine","affiliations":[{"id":16625,"text":"Department of Geosciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott-Fleming, Ian","contributorId":145546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scott-Fleming","given":"Ian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crow, Caleb","contributorId":145547,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crow","given":"Caleb","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dawson, D.","contributorId":72901,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Patino, Reynaldo 0000-0002-4831-8400 r.patino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-8400","contributorId":2311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patino","given":"Reynaldo","email":"r.patino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70159689,"text":"70159689 - 2015 - Organic contaminant transport and fate in the subsurface: evolution of knowledge and understanding","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:54:07","indexId":"70159689","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organic contaminant transport and fate in the subsurface: evolution of knowledge and understanding","docAbstract":"<p><span>Toxic organic contaminants may enter the subsurface as slightly soluble and volatile nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) or as dissolved solutes resulting in contaminant plumes emanating from the source zone. A large body of research published in&nbsp;</span><i>Water Resources Research</i><span>&nbsp;has been devoted to characterizing and understanding processes controlling the transport and fate of these organic contaminants and the effectiveness of natural attenuation, bioremediation, and other remedial technologies. These contributions include studies of NAPL flow, entrapment, and interphase mass transfer that have advanced from the analysis of simple systems with uniform properties and equilibrium contaminant phase partitioning to complex systems with pore-scale and macroscale heterogeneity and rate-limited interphase mass transfer. Understanding of the fate of dissolved organic plumes has advanced from when biodegradation was thought to require oxygen to recognition of the importance of anaerobic biodegradation, multiple redox zones, microbial enzyme kinetics, and mixing of organic contaminants and electron acceptors at plume fringes. Challenges remain in understanding the impacts of physical, chemical, biological, and hydrogeological heterogeneity, pore-scale interactions, and mixing on the fate of organic contaminants. Further effort is needed to successfully incorporate these processes into field-scale predictions of transport and fate. Regulations have greatly reduced the frequency of new point-source contamination problems; however, remediation at many legacy plumes remains challenging. A number of fields of current relevance are benefiting from research advances from point-source contaminant research. These include geologic carbon sequestration, nonpoint-source contamination, aquifer storage and recovery, the fate of contaminants from oil and gas development, and enhanced bioremediation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/2015WR017121","usgsCitation":"Essaid, H.I., Bekins, B.A., and Cozzarelli, I.M., 2015, Organic contaminant transport and fate in the subsurface: evolution of knowledge and understanding: Water Resources Research, v. 51, no. 7, p. 4861-4902, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017121.","productDescription":"42","startPage":"4861","endPage":"4902","numberOfPages":"42","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063591","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":311479,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"7","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"564daf50e4b0112df6c62e23","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/2015wr017121","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015wr017121","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Essaid Hedeff I., Bekins Barbara A., Cozzarelli Isabelle M.","journalName":"Water Resources Research","publicationDate":"7/2015","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Essaid, Hedeff I. 0000-0003-0154-8628 hiessaid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0154-8628","contributorId":2284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Essaid","given":"Hedeff","email":"hiessaid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bekins, Barbara A. 0000-0002-1411-6018 babekins@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1411-6018","contributorId":1348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekins","given":"Barbara","email":"babekins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580101,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cozzarelli, Isabelle M. 0000-0002-5123-1007 icozzare@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":1693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"Isabelle","email":"icozzare@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":580102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70155153,"text":"70155153 - 2015 - Temperature profile around a basaltic sill intruded into wet sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-08T16:23:59","indexId":"70155153","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temperature profile around a basaltic sill intruded into wet sediments","docAbstract":"<p><span>The transfer of heat into wet sediments from magmatic intrusions or lava flows is not well constrained from field data. Such field constraints on numerical models of heat transfer could significantly improve our understanding of water&ndash;lava interactions. We use experimentally calibrated pollen darkening to measure the temperature profile around a basaltic sill emplaced into wet lakebed sediments. It is well known that, upon heating, initially transparent palynomorphs darken progressively through golden, brown, and black shades before being destroyed; however, this approach to measuring temperature has not been applied to volcanological questions. We collected sediment samples from established Miocene fossil localities at Clarkia, Idaho. Fossils in the sediments include pollen from numerous tree and shrub species. We experimentally calibrated changes in the color of Clarkia sediment pollen and used this calibration to determine sediment temperatures around a Miocene basaltic sill emplaced in the sediments. Results indicated a flat temperature profile above and below the sill, with T &gt;&nbsp;325&nbsp;&deg;C within 1&nbsp;cm of the basalt-sediment contact, near 300&nbsp;&deg;C at 1&ndash;2&nbsp;cm from the contact, and ~&nbsp;250&nbsp;&deg;C at 1&nbsp;m from the sill contact. This profile suggests that heat transport in the sediments was hydrothermally rather than conductively controlled. This information will be used to test numerical models of heat transfer in wet sediments on Earth and Mars.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier Science","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.06.012","usgsCitation":"Baker, L., Bernard, A., Rember, W.C., Milazzo, M.P., Dundas, C.M., Abramov, O., and Keszthelyi, L.P., 2015, Temperature profile around a basaltic sill intruded into wet sediments: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 302, p. 81-86, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.06.012.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"86","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062688","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471963,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.06.012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":306281,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"302","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55bc9c2ee4b033ef52100f3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baker, Leslie","contributorId":145650,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baker","given":"Leslie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6711,"text":"University of Idaho, Moscow ID","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bernard, Andrew","contributorId":146264,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bernard","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":566911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rember, William C.","contributorId":107748,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rember","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":566912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Milazzo, Moses P. 0000-0002-9101-2191 moses@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9101-2191","contributorId":4811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milazzo","given":"Moses","email":"moses@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dundas, Colin M. 0000-0003-2343-7224 cdundas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2343-7224","contributorId":2937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dundas","given":"Colin","email":"cdundas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Abramov, Oleg oabramov@usgs.gov","contributorId":604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abramov","given":"Oleg","email":"oabramov@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Keszthelyi, Laszlo P. 0000-0003-1879-4331 laz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1879-4331","contributorId":227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keszthelyi","given":"Laszlo","email":"laz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70155974,"text":"70155974 - 2015 - Observational data on the effects of infection by the copepod <i>Salmincola californiensis</i> on the short- and long-term viability of juvenile Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) implanted with telemetry tags","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-08-21T10:11:16","indexId":"70155974","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":773,"text":"Animal Biotelemetry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observational data on the effects of infection by the copepod <i>Salmincola californiensis</i> on the short- and long-term viability of juvenile Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) implanted with telemetry tags","docAbstract":"<h4 class=\"Heading\">Background</h4>\n<p id=\"Par1\" class=\"Para\">Fish movements are often studied using radio or acoustic tags assuming the handling and tagging procedures have little effect on the behavior of the animal. Indeed, many studies provide guidelines for acceptable methods. However, these studies generally assume the fish are otherwise healthy but this may not always be the case. One example is the infection of juvenile salmon in the western USA by the naturally-occurring parasitic copepod&nbsp;<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">Salmincola californiensis,</i>&nbsp;for which little is known about the effects on results from tagged animals. We report on observational data from juvenile Chinook salmon (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) surgically implanted with telemetry tags relative to the numbers of&nbsp;<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">S. californiensis</i>&nbsp;within their branchial cavities and on their bodies to determine if the intensity of infection resulted in differences in mortality shortly after tagging or post-release activity in a reservoir over a period of about 4&nbsp;months.</p>\n<h4 class=\"Heading\">Results</h4>\n<p id=\"Par2\" class=\"Para\">The data indicate a negative effect of copepods in the branchial cavities on short-term mortality (within 24&nbsp;h of tagging) and suggest negative effects on movements after release into the reservoir. Short-term mortalities were infrequent and, due to the observational nature of the data, few tagged fish had more than three copepods in their branchial cavities, although surveys of fish in the reservoir indicate much greater infection intensities are common. Copepod numbers on the body did not appear to be associated with short-term mortality or movements after release. The number of copepods on the body was unrelated to the number within the branchial cavities, indicating site-specific counts are needed to assess the infection.</p>\n<h4 class=\"Heading\">Conclusion</h4>\n<p id=\"Par3\" class=\"Para\">Infection with&nbsp;<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">Salmincola californiensis</i>&nbsp;is common in juvenile Chinook salmon in western USA reservoirs and may affect the viability of fish used in studies of telemetered animals. Our limited assessment suggests infection by&nbsp;<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">Salmincola californiensis</i>&nbsp;affects the short-term morality of tagged fish and may affect long-term viability of tagged fish after release; however, the intensity of infection in the sample population did not represent the source population due to the observational nature of the data. We suggest these results warrant further study into the effects of infection by<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic\">Salmincola californiensis</i>&nbsp;on the results obtained through active telemetry and perhaps other methods requiring handling of infected fish.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Biomed Central","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.1186/s40317-015-0056-5","usgsCitation":"Beeman, J.W., Hansen, A.C., and Sprando, J.M., 2015, Observational data on the effects of infection by the copepod <i>Salmincola californiensis</i> on the short- and long-term viability of juvenile Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) implanted with telemetry tags: Animal Biotelemetry, v. 3, no. 20, p. 1-7, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-015-0056-5.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064010","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-015-0056-5","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":307104,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"20","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55d84bbae4b0518e3546f02a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeman, John W. jbeeman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"John","email":"jbeeman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hansen, Amy C. 0000-0002-0298-9137 achansen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0298-9137","contributorId":4350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Amy","email":"achansen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sprando, Jamie M. jsprando@usgs.gov","contributorId":4005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sprando","given":"Jamie","email":"jsprando@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":567486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70148031,"text":"ofr20151099 - 2015 - Shear Wave Velocity and Site Amplification Factors for 25 Strong-Motion Instrument Stations Affected by the M5.8 Mineral, Virginia, Earthquake of August 23, 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-01T10:54:57","indexId":"ofr20151099","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1099","title":"Shear Wave Velocity and Site Amplification Factors for 25 Strong-Motion Instrument Stations Affected by the M5.8 Mineral, Virginia, Earthquake of August 23, 2011","docAbstract":"<p>Vertical one-dimensional shear wave velocity (Vs) profiles are presented for 25 strong-motion instrument sites along the Mid-Atlantic eastern seaboard, Piedmont region, and Appalachian region, which surround the epicenter of the M5.8 Mineral, Virginia, Earthquake of August 23, 2011. Testing was performed at sites in Pennsylvania, Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia, the District of Columbia, North Carolina, and Tennessee. The purpose of the study is to determine the detailed site velocity profile, the average velocity in the upper 30 meters of the profile (VS,30), the average velocity for the entire profile (VS,Z), and the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) site classification. The Vs profiles are estimated using a non-invasive continuous-sine-wave method for gathering the dispersion characteristics of surface waves. A large trailer-mounted active source was used to shake the ground during the testing and produce the surface waves. Shear wave velocity profiles were inverted from the averaged dispersion curves using three independent methods for comparison, and the root-mean square combined coefficient of variation (COV) of the dispersion and inversion calculations are estimated for each site.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151099","usgsCitation":"Kayen, R.E., Carkin, B., Corbett, S.C., Zangwill, A., Estevez, I., and Lai, L., 2015, Shear Wave Velocity and Site Amplification Factors for 25 Strong-Motion Instrument Stations Affected by the M5.8 Mineral, Virginia, Earthquake of August 23, 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1099, iii, 66 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151099.","productDescription":"iii, 66 p.","numberOfPages":"69","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"2011-12-08","temporalEnd":"2012-06-27","ipdsId":"IP-061815","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305496,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1099/"},{"id":305520,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1099/images/coverthb.gif"},{"id":305512,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1099/downloads/ofr2015-1099.pdf","text":"Report","size":"45.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, Pennslyvannia, Tennesee, West Virginia, Virginia","city":"Washington, D.C.","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.244140625,\n              38.993572058209466\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.244140625,\n              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rkayen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0356-072X","contributorId":140764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kayen","given":"Robert","email":"rkayen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carkin, Brad A. 0000-0001-8318-4535 bcarkin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8318-4535","contributorId":140937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carkin","given":"Brad A.","email":"bcarkin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Corbett, Skye C. 0000-0003-3277-1021 scorbett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3277-1021","contributorId":5436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corbett","given":"Skye","email":"scorbett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":564007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zangwill, Aliza","contributorId":145425,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zangwill","given":"Aliza","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Estevez, Ivan","contributorId":145426,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Estevez","given":"Ivan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lai, Lena","contributorId":145427,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lai","given":"Lena","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16120,"text":"Pathways Careers Intern, USGS, Lawrenceville, NJ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":564010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70154857,"text":"70154857 - 2015 - Reproductive traits of shovelnose sturgeon <i>Scaphirhynchus platorynchus</i> (Rafinesque, 1820) in the lower Platte River, Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-17T12:53:12","indexId":"70154857","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reproductive traits of shovelnose sturgeon <i>Scaphirhynchus platorynchus</i> (Rafinesque, 1820) in the lower Platte River, Nebraska","docAbstract":"<p>We assessed reproductive status, fecundity, egg size, and spawning dynamics of shovelnose sturgeon&nbsp;<i>Scaphirhynchus platorynchus</i><span>&nbsp;in the lower Platte River. Shovelnose sturgeon were captured throughout each year during 2011 and 2012 using a multi-gear approach designed to collect a variety of fish of varying sizes and ages. Fish were collected monthly for a laboratory assessment of reproductive condition. Female shovelnose sturgeon reached fork length at 50% maturity (</span><i>FL</i><sub>50</sub><span>) at 547&nbsp;mm and at a minimum length of 449&nbsp;mm. The average female spawning cycle was 3&ndash;5&nbsp;years. Mean egg count for adult females was 16&nbsp;098&nbsp;&plusmn;&nbsp;1103 (SE), and mean egg size was 2.401&nbsp;&plusmn;&nbsp;0.051 (SE) mm. Total fecundity was positively correlated with length (</span><i>r</i><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.728; P</span><i>&nbsp;</i><span>&lt;</span><i>&nbsp;</i><span>0.001), mass (</span><i>r</i><sup>2</sup><i>&nbsp;</i><span>=</span><i>&nbsp;</i><span>0.896; P</span><i>&nbsp;</i><span>&lt;</span><i>&nbsp;</i><span>0.001), and age (</span><i>r</i><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.396; P</span><i>&nbsp;</i><span>=</span><i>&nbsp;</i><span>0.029). However, fish size and age did not correlate to egg size (P</span><i>&nbsp;</i><span>&gt;</span><i>&nbsp;</i><span>0.05). Male shovelnose sturgeon reached&nbsp;</span><i>FL</i><sub>50</sub><span>&nbsp;at 579&nbsp;mm and at a minimum length of 453&nbsp;mm. The average male spawning cycle was 1&ndash;2&nbsp;years. Reproductively viable male and female sturgeon occurred during the spring (March&ndash;May) and autumn (September&ndash;October) in both years, indicating spring and potential autumn spawning events. Shovelnose sturgeon in the lower Platte River are maturing at a shorter length and younger age compared to populations elsewhere. Although it is unknown if the change is plastic or evolutionary, unfavorable environmental conditions or over-harvest may lead to hastened declines compared to other systems.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","publisherLocation":"Berlin, Germany","doi":"10.1111/jai.12785","usgsCitation":"Hamel, M.J., Rugg, M., Pegg, M., Patino, R., and Hammen, J., 2015, Reproductive traits of shovelnose sturgeon <i>Scaphirhynchus platorynchus</i> (Rafinesque, 1820) in the lower Platte River, Nebraska: Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 31, no. 4, p. 592-602, https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.12785.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"592","endPage":"602","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-055098","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471964,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.12785","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":305642,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-05-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55a0ecb4e4b0183d66e4304a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamel, M. J.","contributorId":145539,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamel","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rugg, M.L.","contributorId":145540,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rugg","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pegg, M.A.","contributorId":46469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pegg","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Patino, Reynaldo 0000-0002-4831-8400 r.patino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-8400","contributorId":2311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patino","given":"Reynaldo","email":"r.patino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hammen, J.J.","contributorId":145541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hammen","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70154858,"text":"70154858 - 2015 - Novel associations between contaminant body burdens and biomarkers of reproductive condition in male Common Carp along multiple gradients of contaminant exposure in Lake Mead National Recreation Area, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-17T12:54:29","indexId":"70154858","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1738,"text":"General and Comparative Endocrinology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Novel associations between contaminant body burdens and biomarkers of reproductive condition in male Common Carp along multiple gradients of contaminant exposure in Lake Mead National Recreation Area, USA","docAbstract":"<p>Adult male Common Carp were sampled in 2007/08 over a full reproductive cycle at Lake Mead National Recreation Area. Sites sampled included a stream dominated by treated wastewater effluent, a lake basin receiving the streamflow, an upstream lake basin (reference), and a site below Hoover Dam. Individual body burdens for 252 contaminants were measured, and biological variables assessed included physiological [plasma vitellogenin (VTG), estradiol-17&beta; (E2), 11-ketotestosterone (11KT)] and organ [gonadosomatic index (GSI)] endpoints. Patterns in contaminant composition and biological condition were determined by Principal Component Analysis, and their associations modeled by Principal Component Regression. Three spatially distinct but temporally stable gradients of contaminant distribution were recognized: a contaminant mixture typical of wastewaters (PBDEs, methyl triclosan, galaxolide), PCBs, and DDTs. Two spatiotemporally variable patterns of biological condition were recognized: a primary pattern consisting of reproductive condition variables (11KT, E2, GSI), and a secondary pattern including general condition traits (condition factor, hematocrit, fork length). VTG was low in all fish, indicating low estrogenic activity of water at all sites. Wastewater contaminants associated negatively with GSI, 11KT and E2; PCBs associated negatively with GSI and 11KT; and DDTs associated positively with GSI and 11KT. Regression of GSI on sex steroids revealed a novel, nonlinear association between these variables. Inclusion of sex steroids in the GSI regression on contaminants rendered wastewater contaminants nonsignificant in the model and reduced the influence of PCBs and DDTs. Thus, the influence of contaminants on GSI may have been partially driven by organismal modes-of-action that include changes in sex steroid production. The positive association of DDTs with 11KT and GSI suggests that lifetime, sub-lethal exposures to DDTs have effects on male carp opposite of those reported by studies where exposure concentrations were relatively high. Lastly, this study highlighted advantages of multivariate/multiple regression approaches for exploring associations between complex contaminant mixtures and gradients and reproductive condition in wild fishes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.12.013","usgsCitation":"Patino, R., VanLandeghem, M., Goodbred, S.L., Orsak, E., Jenkins, J.A., Echols, K.R., Rosen, M.R., and Torres, L., 2015, Novel associations between contaminant body burdens and biomarkers of reproductive condition in male Common Carp along multiple gradients of contaminant exposure in Lake Mead National Recreation Area, USA: General and Comparative Endocrinology, v. 219, p. 112-124, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.12.013.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"112","endPage":"124","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059505","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":305643,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"219","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55a0ecb2e4b0183d66e43046","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Patino, Reynaldo 0000-0002-4831-8400 r.patino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-8400","contributorId":2311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patino","given":"Reynaldo","email":"r.patino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"VanLandeghem, Matthew M.","contributorId":143728,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"VanLandeghem","given":"Matthew M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goodbred, Steven L. sgoodbred@usgs.gov","contributorId":497,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodbred","given":"Steven","email":"sgoodbred@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":564280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Orsak, Erik","contributorId":92763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orsak","given":"Erik","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jenkins, Jill A. 0000-0002-5087-0894 jenkinsj@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5087-0894","contributorId":2710,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenkins","given":"Jill","email":"jenkinsj@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Echols, Kathy R. 0000-0003-2631-9143 kechols@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2631-9143","contributorId":2799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Echols","given":"Kathy","email":"kechols@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rosen, Michael R. 0000-0003-3991-0522 mrosen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3991-0522","contributorId":495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosen","given":"Michael","email":"mrosen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":564284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Torres, Leticia","contributorId":143738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Torres","given":"Leticia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70159931,"text":"70159931 - 2015 - The mysterious wolves of Belarus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-08T10:11:22","indexId":"70159931","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2093,"text":"International Wolf","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The mysterious wolves of Belarus","docAbstract":"<p><span>It was just after 3 a.m. as we very quietly exited the van, making sure our water-resistant clothes didn&rsquo;t make too much noise. A wolf researcher howled into the cold and murky mist. We waited in darkness, hoping for an answer. A single wolf howl from about 300 meters in front of us broke the silence. We peered into the agricultural and forested expanse, straining to get a glimpse of the wolf in the faint star-light. Suddenly, from behind, another howl countered. The expedition&rsquo;s leader explained that we were standing between two female wolves and their pups&mdash;both being tended to by the same male!</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"International Wolf Center","publisherLocation":"Minneapolis, MN","usgsCitation":"Barber-Meyer, S., 2015, The mysterious wolves of Belarus: International Wolf, p. 22-24.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"22","endPage":"24","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063258","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312062,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56695ee6e4b08895842a1c9c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barber-Meyer, Shannon 0000-0002-3048-2616 sbarber-meyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3048-2616","contributorId":150236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber-Meyer","given":"Shannon","email":"sbarber-meyer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":581119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70154761,"text":"70154761 - 2015 - Similarities and differences in <sup>13</sup>C and <sup>15</sup>N stable isotope ratios in two non-lethal tissue types from shovelnose sturgeon <i>Scaphirhynchus platorynchus</i> (Rafinesque, 1820)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-07-01T10:13:52","indexId":"70154761","displayToPublicDate":"2015-07-01T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2166,"text":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Similarities and differences in <sup>13</sup>C and <sup>15</sup>N stable isotope ratios in two non-lethal tissue types from shovelnose sturgeon <i>Scaphirhynchus platorynchus</i> (Rafinesque, 1820)","docAbstract":"<p><span>We tested the hypothesis that &delta;</span><sup>13</sup><span>C and &delta;</span><sup>15</sup><span>N signatures of pectoral spines would provide measures of &delta;</span><sup>13</sup><span>C and &delta;</span><sup>15</sup><span>N similar to those obtained from fin clips for adult shovelnose sturgeon&nbsp;</span><i>Scaphirhynchus platorynchus</i><span>. Thirty-two shovelnose sturgeon (fork length [FL]&nbsp;=&nbsp;500&ndash;724&nbsp;mm) were sampled from the lower Mississippi River, USA on 23 February 2013. Isotopic relationships between the two tissue types were analyzed using mixed model analysis of covariance. Tissue types differed significantly for both &delta;</span><sup>13</sup><span>C (P&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.01; spine: mean&nbsp;=&nbsp;&minus;23.83, SD&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.62; fin clip: mean&nbsp;=&nbsp;&minus;25.74, SD&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.97) and &delta;</span><sup>15</sup><span>N (P&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.01; spine: mean&nbsp;=&nbsp;17.01, SD&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.51; fin clip: mean&nbsp;=&nbsp;17.19, SD&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.62). Neither FL nor the FL&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;tissue type interaction had significant (P&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;0.05) effects on &delta;</span><sup>13</sup><span>C. Fin clip &delta;</span><sup>13</sup><span>C values were highly variable and weakly correlated (</span><i>r</i><span>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.16, P&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.40) with those from pectoral spines. We found a significant FL-tissue type interaction for &delta;</span><sup>15</sup><span>N, reflecting increasing &delta;</span><sup>15</sup><span>N with FL for spines and decreasing &delta;</span><sup>15</sup><span>N with FL for fin clips. These results indicate that spines are not a substitute for fin clip tissue for measuring &delta;</span><sup>13</sup><span>C and &delta;</span><sup>15</sup><span>N for shovelnose sturgeon in the lower Mississippi River, but the two tissues have different turnover rates they may provide complementary information for assessing trophic position at different time scales.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jai.12708","usgsCitation":"DeVries, R.J., and Schramm, H.L., 2015, Similarities and differences in <sup>13</sup>C and <sup>15</sup>N stable isotope ratios in two non-lethal tissue types from shovelnose sturgeon <i>Scaphirhynchus platorynchus</i> (Rafinesque, 1820): Journal of Applied Ichthyology, v. 31, no. 3, p. 474-478, https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.12708.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"474","endPage":"478","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-053396","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471966,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.12708","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":305521,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Mississippi","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.14669799804688,\n              33.36264966025664\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.14669799804688,\n              33.43086829665599\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.05949401855469,\n              33.43086829665599\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.05949401855469,\n              33.36264966025664\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.14669799804688,\n              33.36264966025664\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"55950123e4b0b6d21dd6cbbe","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/jai.12708","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jai.12708","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"DeVries R. J., Schramm H. L.","journalName":"Journal of Applied Ichthyology","publicationDate":"3/21/2015","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeVries, R. J.","contributorId":145428,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeVries","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":564011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schramm, Harold L. Jr. hschramm@usgs.gov","contributorId":145424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schramm","given":"Harold","suffix":"Jr.","email":"hschramm@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":563982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
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