Inferences about spatial variation in species richness and community composition are important both to ecological hypotheses about the structure and function of communities and to community-level conservation and management. Few sampling programs for animal communities provide censuses, and usually some species in surveyed areas are not detected. Thus, counts of species detected underestimate the number of species present. We present estimators useful for drawing inferences about comparative species richness and composition between different sampling locations when not all species are detected in sampling efforts. Based on capture-recapture models using the robust design, our methods estimate relative species richness, proportion of species in one location that are also found in another, and number of species found in one location but not in another. The methods use data on the presence or absence of each species at different sampling occasions (or locations) to estimate the number of species not detected at any occasions (or locations). This approach permits estimation of the number of species in the sampled community and in subsets of the community useful for estimating the fraction of species shared by two communities. We provide an illustration of our estimation methods by comparing bird species richness and composition in two locations sampled by routes of the North American Breeding Bird Survey. In this example analysis, the two locations (and associated bird communities) represented different levels of urbanization. Estimates of relative richness, proportion of shared species, and number of species present on one route but not the other indicated that the route with the smaller fraction of urban area had greater richness and a larger number of species that were not found on the more urban route than vice versa. We developed a software package, COMDYN, for computing estimates based on these methods. Because these estimation methods explicitly deal with sampling in which not all species are detected, we recommend their use for addressing questions about species richness and community composition.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1523-1739.1998.97331.x","usgsCitation":"Nichols, J., Boulinier, T., Hines, J., Pollock, K.H., and Sauer, J., 1998, Inference methods for spatial variation in species richness and community composition when not all species are detected: Conservation Biology, v. 12, no. 6, p. 1390-1398, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.1998.97331.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1390","endPage":"1398","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197764,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-07-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49abe4b07f02db5c5b10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Boulinier, T.","contributorId":37845,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boulinier","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":338606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pollock, K. H.","contributorId":65184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollock","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sauer, J.R. 0000-0002-4557-3019","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":66197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5223809,"text":"5223809 - 1998 - Estimating relative abundance from count data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-07T16:04:47.557998","indexId":"5223809","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:45","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":944,"text":"Austrian Journal of Statistics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating relative abundance from count data","docAbstract":"Much of the available information on large-scale patterns of animal abundance is based on count surveys. The data provided by such surveys are often influenced by nuisance factors affecting the numbers of animals counted, but unrelated to population size. Temporal and spatial patterns in nuisance factors may exist, causing simple summaries of counts
to give a misleading view of patterns in population size. We develop models for count data that allows the incorporation of such factors, and describe methods for estimating spatial patterns of relative abundance from counts. We carry out spatial analyses of North American Breeding Bird Survey data, in which observer ability is a nuisance parameter nested within sites. In light of evidence that new observers tend to count more birds than
the observers they replace, we model observer ability as a random effect with mean depending on observer initiation year.
The long-term decline of the American black duck (Anas rubripes) population has been attributed to lower productivity of black ducks that might have been excluded from fertile agricultural wetlands by mallards (Anas platyrhynchos). We monitored broods on 53 wetlands in 1993 and on 58 wetlands in 1994 to determine mean brood sizes of black ducks and mallards in forested and agricultural landscapes. Study wetlands were moderately to highly fertile. We monitored 94 black duck broods each year and 46 (1993) and 52 (1994) mallard broods until they reached Class IIc-III (near fledging). No differences existed (P = 0.71) in mean brood size between black ducks (1993: 3.95 ± 0.23; 1994: 4.59 ± 0.24) and mallards (1993: 3.96 ± 0.35; 1994: 5.00 ± 0.43) either year. Brood size for species, however, was different between years (P = 0.014) and among wetland sites (P = 0.001). Mean sizes of broods were larger (P < 0.05) on 2 large impoundment complexes (Lake Josephine and Lake Christina) compared with brood sizes on other wetlands in forested or agricultural landscapes. No differences (P ≥ 0.41) existed between mean Class IIc-III brood sizes of black ducks and mallards, whether species were alone or together on wetlands. Our data document that mallard productivity is similar to that of black ducks where they breed sympatrically in Maine.
We developed a Markov process model for colony-site dynamics of Gull-billed Terns (Sterna nilotica). From 1993 through 1996, we monitored breeding numbers of Gull-billed Terns and their frequent colony associates, Common Terns (Sterna hirundo) and Black Skimmers (Rynchops niger), at colony sites along 80 km of the barrier island region of coastal Virginia. We also monitored flooding events and renesting. We developed the model for colony survival, extinction, and recolonization at potential colony sites over the four-year period. We then used data on annual site occupation by Gull-billed Terns to estimate model parameters and tested for differences between nesting substrates (barrier island vs. shellpile). Results revealed a dynamic system but provided no evidence that the dynamics were Markovian, i.e. the probability that a site was occupied in one year was not influenced by whether it had been occupied in the previous year. Nor did colony-level reproductive success the previous season seem to affect the probability of site occupancy. Site survival and recolonization rates were similar, and the estimated overall annual probability of a site being occupied was 0.59. Of the 25 sites that were used during the four-year period, 16 were used in one or two years only, and only three were used in all four years. Flooding and renesting were frequent in both habitat types in all years. The frequent flooding of nests on shellpiles argues for more effective management; augmentation with shell and sand to increase elevations as little as 20 cm could have reduced flooding at a number of sites. The low colonysite fidelity that we observed suggests that an effective management approach would be to provide a large number of sand and/or shellpile sites for use by nesting terns. Sites not used in one year may still be used in subsequent years.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/4089515","usgsCitation":"Erwin, R., Nichols, J., Eyler, T., Stotts, D.B., and Truitt, B., 1998, Modeling colony site dynamics: A case study of gull-billed terns (Sterna nilotica) in coastal Virginia: The Auk, v. 115, no. 4, p. 970-978, https://doi.org/10.2307/4089515.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"970","endPage":"978","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479680,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4089515","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":202189,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"115","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db6998ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erwin, R.M.","contributorId":57396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eyler, T.B.","contributorId":88453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eyler","given":"T.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339517,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stotts, Daniel B.","contributorId":90003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stotts","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Truitt, B.R.","contributorId":85298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Truitt","given":"B.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5223805,"text":"5223805 - 1998 - Metal concentrations in aquatic macrophytes as influenced by soil and acidification","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-19T08:50:21","indexId":"5223805","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metal concentrations in aquatic macrophytes as influenced by soil and acidification","docAbstract":"Bioavailability of metals to aquatic plants is dependent on many factors including ambient metal concentration, pH of soil or water, concentration of ligands, competition with other metals for binding sites, and mode of exposure. Plants may be exposed to metals through water, air, or soil, depending on growth form. This paper examines the influence of soil type under two regimens of water acidification on metal uptake by four species of aquatic macrophytes: smartweed (Polygonum sagittatum), burreed (Sparganium americanum), pondweed (Potamogeton diversifolius), and bladderwort (Utricularia vulgaris) in constructed, experimentally acidified wetlands. Soil types consisted of a comparatively high-metal clay or a lower-metal sandy loam. Each pond was either acidified to pH ca. 4.85.3 or allowed to remain circumneutral. Metal concentrations tended to be higher in the submerged bladderwort and pondweed than in the emergent burreed and smartweed. Soils were important to plant metal concentrations in all species, but especially in the emergents. Acidification influenced plant concentrations of some metals and was especially important in the submerged pondweed. Bioaccumulation of metals occurred for Mn, B, Sr, Ba, and Zn, compared to soil concentrations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water, Air, and Soil Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1023/A:1005090224878","collaboration":"5249_Sparling.pdf","usgsCitation":"Sparling, D.W., and Lowe, T., 1998, Metal concentrations in aquatic macrophytes as influenced by soil and acidification: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 108, no. 1-2, p. 203-221, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005090224878.","productDescription":"203-221","startPage":"203","endPage":"221","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200294,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":17250,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://springerlink.metapress.com/content/j2j52414677l5466/?p=d3d951be7e844dc0a6fcf937b12d4dfb&pi=9","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":267626,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005090224878"}],"volume":"108","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db62582a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sparling, D. W.","contributorId":78675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sparling","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lowe, T. P.","contributorId":26028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowe","given":"T. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5200164,"text":"5200164 - 1998 - Systematic studies of Oryzomyine rodents (Muridae, Sigmodontinae): diagnoses and distributions of species formerly assigned to Oryzomys 'capito'","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:22","indexId":"5200164","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:33:22","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":163,"text":"Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"No. 236.","title":"Systematic studies of Oryzomyine rodents (Muridae, Sigmodontinae): diagnoses and distributions of species formerly assigned to Oryzomys 'capito'","docAbstract":"We describe the morphological species-boundaries and geographic distributions of ten Neotropical Oryzomys based on analyses of museum specimens (skins and skulls, examples preserved in fluid, chromosomal spreads, and information about collection sites from skin tags, field catalogs, and other sources). These species have been regarded as members of an Oryzomys capito complex and for a long time were consolidated into a single entity identified as O. capito. Our study documents the following: 1. Defining the limits of species within the O. capito complex first requires a comprehensive review and rigorous definition of O. capito itself. We consider Fischer's (1814) Mus megacephalus to be valid and available, designate a neotype to bear the name, and reinstate it as a senior synonym of capito Olfers (1818). We then provide a working definition of O. megacephalus and its close relative, O. laticeps, derived from analyses of morphometric variation, estimates of geographic distributions, and evaluations of synonyms. In our view, O. megacephalus occurs in Amazonia but also extends into eastern Paraguay; its synonyms are capito Olfers (1818), cephalotes Desmarest (1819), velutinus Allen and Chapman (1893), goeldi Thomas (1897), modestus Allen (1899), and perenensis Allen (1901). Oryzomys laticeps Lund (1840) occurs in the Atlantic Forest region of eastern Brazil. We designate a lectotype for laticeps and allocate the names saltator Winge (1887) and oniscus Thomas (1904) as synonyms. 2. We provide the first comprehensive taxonomic revision of Oryzomys yunganus Thomas (1902). Its range covers tropical evergreen rainforest formations in the Guiana region and the Amazon Basin where, as documented by voucher specimens, it has been collected at the same localities as O. megacephalus, O. nitidus, and O. tern of carotid arterial circulation, occlusal patterns of second upper and lower molars, cranial proportions, and chromosomal features. Appreciable intraspecific geographic variation occurs in diploid number of chromosomes and frequency of occurrence of the hypothenar plantar pad, but sampling inadequacies obscure the significance of this variation. Large body size is characteristic of populations in the western Amazon Basin and in the tepui region of eastern Venezuela; smaller size characterizes populations in the Guianas and along the eastern margin of the Amazon Basin. No other scientific name has been correctly associated with the species. Samples from Mirador, Palmera, and Mera in the western Andean foothills of central Ecuador possess a combination of pelage, cranial, and dental traits that distinguish them from all samples of O. yunganus. These specimens are the basis for a new species we describe here, one that is more closely related to O. yunganus than to any other member of the former O. 'capito' complex. 3. We redescribe Oryzomys bolivaris (reviewed by Pine, 1971, under the name O. bombycinus), amplify its geographic range, and contrast it with O. talamancae and O. alfaroi, two sympatric congeners often confused with it. A distinctive set of morphological traits allows unambiguous identification of specimens belonging to O. bolivaris. It is a trans-Andean species recorded from very wet tropical evergreen rainforests extending from eastern Honduras and Nicaragua through Costa Rica and Panama to western Colombia and Ecuador. Allen's (1901) bolivaris is the oldest name for this species; castaneus Allen (1901), rivularis Allen (1901), bombycinus Goldman (1912), alleni Goldman (1915), and orinus Pearson (1939) are synonyms. 4. We revise the definition of Oryzomys talamancae Allen (1891) provided by Musser and Williams (1985), document additional specimens, describe karyotypes from Ecuadoran and Venezuelan samples, and contrast its morphology, chromosomes, and distribution with those of O. alfaroi and O. megacephalus. The geographic distribution of O. talamancae is also trans-Andean, but it inh","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Musser, G., Carleton, M., Brothers, E., and Gardner, A.L., 1998, Systematic studies of Oryzomyine rodents (Muridae, Sigmodontinae): diagnoses and distributions of species formerly assigned to Oryzomys 'capito': Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History No. 236., 376.","productDescription":"376","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200997,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adfe4b07f02db687909","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Musser, G.G.","contributorId":78849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Musser","given":"G.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carleton, M.D.","contributorId":106597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carleton","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brothers, E.M.","contributorId":91597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brothers","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gardner, A. L.","contributorId":97213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"A.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5211237,"text":"5211237 - 1998 - Eyrie enhancement measures to bolster Saker falcon populations in Mongolia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:28","indexId":"5211237","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:19","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Eyrie enhancement measures to bolster Saker falcon populations in Mongolia","docAbstract":"Because the massive harvest of Saker Falcons (Falco cherrug) in Central Asia has already impacted local populations at least in Kazakhstan, because falcon smuggling has recently become rampant in China, and because a government-authorized harvest has begun in Mongolia, we sought measures to bolster numbers in Mongolia before the population can decline there. In three expeditions (1994, 1995, and 1997), we located over 120 Saker Falcon eyries in Mongolia. Over 20% of these were on man-made structures. Because so many falcons were already nesting on artificial supports, we decided that the creation of artificial eyries on man-made supports would be the most efficient means of expanding saker populations. Two other factors also recommended the creation of artificial eyries. First, most of Mongolia is open steppe with good prey populations but without trees or cliffs that might support falcon eyries. Second, in the open habitat, man-made supports are often available but nests are often absent. In 1997, we created 65 new nest sites and enlarged or modified another 15 previously used falcon eyries. This paper reports the extreme variety in sites used by Saker Falcons in Mongolia, and occupancy rates on artificial eyrie supports.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Raptor Research Foundation Annual Meeting, Program and Abstracts, Ogden, Utah, 30 September-4 October","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Ellis, D.H., Tsengag, P., and Whitlock, P., 1998, Eyrie enhancement measures to bolster Saker falcon populations in Mongolia, chap. of Raptor Research Foundation Annual Meeting, Program and Abstracts, Ogden, Utah, 30 September-4 October.","startPage":"18 (abs)","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202889,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fb016","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellis, D. H.","contributorId":79830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tsengag, P.","contributorId":95594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tsengag","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Whitlock, P.L.","contributorId":26384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitlock","given":"P.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5211020,"text":"5211020 - 1998 - Demography of forest birds in Panama: How do transients affect estimates of survival rates?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:22","indexId":"5211020","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:18","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Demography of forest birds in Panama: How do transients affect estimates of survival rates?","docAbstract":"Estimates of annual survival rates for a multispecies sample of neotropical birds from Panama have proven controversial. Traditionally, tropical birds were thought to have high survival rates for their size, but analyses by Kart et al. (1990. Am. Nat. 136:277-91) contradicted that view, suggesting tropical birds may not have systematically high survival rates. A persistent criticism of that study has been that the estimates were biased by transient birds captured only once as they passed through the area being sampled. New models that formally adjust for transient individuals have been developed since 1990. Preliminary analyses using these models indicate that, despite some variation among species, overall estimates of survival rates for understory birds in Panama are not strongly affected by adjustments for transients. We also compare estimates of survival rates based on mark-recapture models with observations of colour-marked birds. The demographic traits of birds in the tropics (and elsewhere) vary within and among species according to combinations of historical and ongoing ecological factors. Understanding sources of this variation is the challenge for future work.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings 22nd International Ornithological Congress, Durban 16-22 August 1998, Abstracts of plenaries, symposia and Round Table Discussions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Brawn, J.D., Karr, J., Nichols, J., and Robinson, W., 1998, Demography of forest birds in Panama: How do transients affect estimates of survival rates?, chap. of Proceedings 22nd International Ornithological Congress, Durban 16-22 August 1998, Abstracts of plenaries, symposia and Round Table Discussions.","startPage":"22 (abs)","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201279,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae2e4b07f02db688e32","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Adams, N.J.","contributorId":112031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"N.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507495,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slotow, R.H.","contributorId":113203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slotow","given":"R.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507496,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Brawn, J. D.","contributorId":31850,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brawn","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Karr, J.R.","contributorId":74091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karr","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Robinson, W.D.","contributorId":29928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"W.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5211001,"text":"5211001 - 1998 - Effects of landscape composition and wetland fragmentation on frog and toad abundance and species richness in Iowa and Wisconsin, USA [abstract]","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:25","indexId":"5211001","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:18","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Effects of landscape composition and wetland fragmentation on frog and toad abundance and species richness in Iowa and Wisconsin, USA [abstract]","docAbstract":"We examined the relationships between anuran diversity and landscape features in the Upper Midwestern United States. Anuran relative abundance and species richness were measured using data collected by Wisconsin and Iowa state calling surveys conducted from 1990-1995. Landscape features surrounding survey points were determined using National Wetland Inventory and Wisconsin Wetland Inventory maps. We tested several hypotheses suggested by the literature. We hypothesized that the relative abundance and species richness of anurans that breed in ephemeral wetlands is positively correlated with the surrounding area of temporary wetlands and emergent wetlands. We hypothesized that the relative abundance and species richness of anurans is positively correlated with patch diversity and wetland edges, in the absence of local fragmentation effects. We hypothesized that the relative abundance and species richness of anurans is positively associated with forests but negatively associated with agriculture and urban areas. Our results show that the interspersion of different wetland types and the concomitant increase in wetland edge habitats were generally positive for frogs and toads and anuran abundance and diversity were generally higher in association with forests, especially forested wetlands. The presence of agriculture did not always depress frog and toad populations or diversity; some species were associated with agricultural landscapes. The two states differed in how anurans were associated with landscape features like lakes and permanent wetlands. We found that frog and toad relative abundance and diversity were lower when urban areas were present. Managers can use models like ours, generated from landscape analyses, along with range maps and population trend analyses to get a comprehensive picture of the health of individual species and groups of species. Our models could be applied to the landscape as a whole, and used to predict species relative abundance and richness at new locations. Our work provides a framework for future experimental and intensive research on specific factors affecting the health of amphibians in the Upper Midwest.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Midwest Declining Amphibians Conference, a joint meeting of the Great Lakes and Central Division Working Groups of the Declining Amphibian Populations Task Force, March 20 & 21, 1998","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Milwaukee Public Museum","publisherLocation":"Milwaukee, Wisconsin","collaboration":"OCLC: 42917615; published as OCLC: 45165303 ; see MERRIAM QL667 .I58 2000, Investigating amphibian declines : proceedings of the 1998 declining amphibians conference","usgsCitation":"Knutson, M.G., Sauer, J., Olsen, D., Mossman, M., Hemesath, L., and Lannoo, M., 1998, Effects of landscape composition and wetland fragmentation on frog and toad abundance and species richness in Iowa and Wisconsin, USA [abstract], chap. of Midwest Declining Amphibians Conference, a joint meeting of the Great Lakes and Central Division Working Groups of the Declining Amphibian Populations Task Force, March 20 & 21, 1998, 20.","productDescription":"20","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203122,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4822e4b07f02db4e1f0b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knutson, M. G.","contributorId":55375,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knutson","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sauer, J.R. 0000-0002-4557-3019","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4557-3019","contributorId":66197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olsen, D.A.","contributorId":10377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mossman, M.J.","contributorId":54946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mossman","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hemesath, L.M.","contributorId":44502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hemesath","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lannoo, M.J.","contributorId":17937,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lannoo","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":5211014,"text":"5211014 - 1998 - The Wisconsin Frog and Toad Survey: Update and 1984-97 trends [abstract]","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:29","indexId":"5211014","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:18","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The Wisconsin Frog and Toad Survey: Update and 1984-97 trends [abstract]","docAbstract":"The Wisconsin Frog and Toad Survey (WFTS) is a volunteer-based, roadside auditory count that began in 1981. It's protocols were recently modified for continent-wide use by the North American Amphibian Monitoring Plan (NAAMP). In 1997 we initiated a study to compare data collected by the WFTS and NAAMP protocols, in order to guide WFTS transition from its current methodology to one more compatible with NAAMP, without losing the use of data collected since 1981. In this paper we present results from the first year of this study, along with results from analyses of WFTS data, including distributional maps, 1984-97 population trends, phenological information, and progress on a new web page.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Midwest Declining Amphibians Conference: A Joint Meeting of the Great Lakes and Central Division Working Groups of the Declining Amphibian Populations Task Force, March 20 and 21, 1998","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Milwaukee Public Museum","publisherLocation":"Milwaukee, Wisconsin","collaboration":"OCLC: 42917615; published as OCLC: 45165303 ; see MERRIAM QL667 .I58 2000","usgsCitation":"Mossman, M., Hartman, L., Sauer, J., Hay, R., and Dhuey, B., 1998, The Wisconsin Frog and Toad Survey: Update and 1984-97 trends [abstract], chap. of Midwest Declining Amphibians Conference: A Joint Meeting of the Great Lakes and Central Division Working Groups of the Declining Amphibian Populations Task Force, March 20 and 21, 1998.","productDescription":"20","startPage":"16 (abs)","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202958,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d591","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mossman, M.J.","contributorId":54946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mossman","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hartman, L.","contributorId":28706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartman","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sauer, J.","contributorId":29771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauer","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hay, R.","contributorId":67199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dhuey, B.","contributorId":99674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dhuey","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5200325,"text":"5200325 - 1998 - Experimental analysis and simulation modeling of forest management impacts on wood thrushes, Hylocichla mustelina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:15","indexId":"5200325","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-08T16:49:39","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Experimental analysis and simulation modeling of forest management impacts on wood thrushes, Hylocichla mustelina","docAbstract":"North American Breeding Bird Survey data show that wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina) populations in eastern U.S. forests have declined 1.8% per year during 1966-95. The declining quality of breeding forest tracts in North America is one possible cause for the apparent decline of some neotropical migratory birds, such as the wood thrush. In Georgia, however, wood thrush populations have declined during a period of increasing pine forest area and larger patch sizes. We hypothesized that forest management practices such as thinning and prescribed burning might create unsuitable habitat for wood thrushes. We conducted a four-year before/after, treatment/control experiment at the Piedmont National Wildlife Refuge in central Georgia to study to the effects of a treatment of thinning and prescribed burning on wood thrush demographic parameters. We simultaneously monitored wood thrush adults and juveniles with mark-recapture, radio-telemetry, nest searches, and plot-map surveys. Our analyses showed that wood thrushes were less likely to emigrate from the study compartments after the treatment, and wood thrushes exhibited some tendency to increase preference for hardwood habitats and decrease preference for pine habitats following the treatment. However, we observed no effects of treatment on nest success, adult survival, and adult and juvenile dispersal distances. We also found that female wood thrushes had lower survival rates than males during the breeding season, and we documented large-scale, within-year dispersal movements of adult (up to 17 km) and juvenile (up to 7 km) wood thrushes. We conclude that landscape level habitat quantity and quality must be considered during songbird management decisions. The documentation of sex- and age-specific wood thrush survival and movement rates was critical for construction of a set of population models. We used three stochastic models to learn more about wood thrush population dynamics and make predictions about population growth rates, reproductive success, and the effect of habitat changes on wood thrush populations. The simplest source/sink population model suggests that the Piedmont National Wildlife Refuge's wood thrush population is probably stable or increasing, and wood thrush populations in treated areas had higher growth rates than birds in untreated areas. We were able to use the individual-based model of wood thrush productivity to predict fecundity, a parameter that we could not measure directly in the field. Again, females on treated areas had higher fecundity than birds on untreated areas. Our spatially-based model predicted that wood thrush populations should respond positively to predicted changes in the age/size class structure of the Refuge's pine forests. Our model also showed that most wood thrushes leave the Refuge's forest compartments during the breeding season, and these dispersal movements are extremely important to understanding and managing wood thrush populations. The use of prescribed burning and retention shelterwood silviculture at the Piedmont National Wildlife Refuge does not appear to negatively affect the local wood thrush population. Continued use of the current management regime should result in adequate nesting, foraging, and escape habitats for wood thrushes. However, landscape-level habitat availability and quality, including lands outside the Refuge, must be considered when making management decisions that may affect wood thrushes.","language":"English","publisher":"Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Georgia, Athens","collaboration":"Funded by Patuxent.","usgsCitation":"Banks, R., 1998, Experimental analysis and simulation modeling of forest management impacts on wood thrushes, Hylocichla mustelina, vii, 198.","productDescription":"vii, 198","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200481,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9356","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banks, Richard C.","contributorId":20440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banks","given":"Richard C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":44848,"text":"wri974159 - 1998 - A finite-element surface-water model of flow-way cell 1 of the Everglades Nutrient Removal Project, south Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:55","indexId":"wri974159","displayToPublicDate":"2004-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"97-4159","title":"A finite-element surface-water model of flow-way cell 1 of the Everglades Nutrient Removal Project, south Florida","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri974159","usgsCitation":"Lee, J.K., and Guardo, M., 1998, A finite-element surface-water model of flow-way cell 1 of the Everglades Nutrient Removal Project, south Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4159, vii, 73 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri974159.","productDescription":"vii, 73 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":126587,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4159/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":82207,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1997/4159/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aebbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Jonathan K.","contributorId":60186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guardo, Mariano","contributorId":23200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guardo","given":"Mariano","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":24121,"text":"ofr98413 - 1998 - Design, operation, and data analysis for a wireline packer system in open boreholes, with field-test results from Belvidere, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-04T18:55:22","indexId":"ofr98413","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-413","title":"Design, operation, and data analysis for a wireline packer system in open boreholes, with field-test results from Belvidere, Illinois","docAbstract":"A wireline-operated packer was designed for use with a standard geophysical logging system. The packer probe consists of a downhole packer inflated with water removed from the borehole by an in-line submersible pump, and a differential pressure transducer calibrated to measure the hydraulic-head difference between the zones above and below the packer. Analysis of the packer data is based on a numerical model that predicts the water levels above and below the packer for a given set of aquifer zones of specified hydraulic head and transmissivity. Various computations are used to indicate the sensitivity of the packer measurements to the hydraulic head and transmissivity contrasts between aquifer zones.
The wireline-packer probe was field tested in a series of open-bedrock boreholes in Belvidere, Illinois, at a site where vertical hydraulic-head differences are produced in a horizontally stratified aquifer by water production from an underlying aquifer. Analysis of the wireline-packer data produced estimates of hydraulic-head gradient and aquifer-zone transmissivity consistent with results from straddle-packer hydraulic tests. However, the wireline-packer data also indicated that there are significant variations of vertical hydraulic gradient with depth, and that the gradient is sharply reversed near the bottom of the boreholes. This result is consistent with upward ambient flow measured on previous occasions near the bottom of these boreholes, and has important consequences for the monitoring of ground-water flow at the study site.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr98413","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Paillet, F.L., Hess, A., and Williams, J., 1998, Design, operation, and data analysis for a wireline packer system in open boreholes, with field-test results from Belvidere, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-413, iv, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98413.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p.","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":156837,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0413/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53275,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0413/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","city":"Belvidere","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.88351440429688,\n 42.23512673690763\n ],\n [\n -88.80043029785156,\n 42.23512673690763\n ],\n [\n -88.80043029785156,\n 42.27680072484333\n ],\n [\n -88.88351440429688,\n 42.27680072484333\n ],\n [\n -88.88351440429688,\n 42.23512673690763\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667da9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paillet, Frederick L.","contributorId":63820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paillet","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hess, A.E.","contributorId":71979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191354,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williams, John H. 0000-0002-6054-6908 jhwillia@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6054-6908","contributorId":1553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"John","email":"jhwillia@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":191352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":42436,"text":"ofr98759 - 1998 - Sedimentation and bathymetric change in San Pablo Bay: 1856-1983","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-21T21:08:10.501592","indexId":"ofr98759","displayToPublicDate":"2002-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98-759","title":"Sedimentation and bathymetric change in San Pablo Bay: 1856-1983","docAbstract":"A long-term perspective of erosion and deposition in San Francisco Bay is vital to understanding and managing wetland change, harbor and channel siltation, and other sediment-related phenomena such as particle and particle-associated substance (pollutants, trace metals, etc.) transport and deposition. A quantitative comparison of historical hydrographic surveys provides this perspective. This report presents results of such a comparison for San Pablo Bay, California. Six hydrographic surveys from 1856 to 1983 were analyzed to determine long-term changes in the sediment system of San Pablo Bay. Each survey was gridded using surface modeling software. Changes between survey periods were computed by differencing grids. Patterns and volumes of erosion and deposition in the Bay are derived from difference grids. More than 350 million cubic meters of sediment was deposited in San Pablo Bay from 1856 to 1983. This is equivalent to a Baywide accumulation rate of approximately 1 cm/yr. However, sediment deposition was not constant over time or throughout the Bay. Over two-thirds of that sediment was debris from hydraulic mining that accumulated from 1856 to 1887. During this period, deposition occurred in nearly the entire Bay. In contrast, from 1951 to 1983 much of the Bay changed from being depositional to erosional as sediment supply diminished and currents and waves continued to remove sediment from the Bay. The decrease in sediment supply is likely the result of upstream flood-control and water-distribution projects that have reduced peak flows, which are responsible for the greatest sediment transport. One consequence of the change in sedimentation was a loss of about half of the tidal flat areas from the late 1800's to the 1980's. Change in sedimentation must also have affected flow in the Bay, areas where polluted sediments were deposited, exchange of sediment between the nearshore and wetlands, and wave energy reaching the shoreline that was available to erode wetlands. Further work is needed. Studies of historical wetland change and the relationship between change and man-made and natural influences would be valuable for developing sound wetland management plans. Additionally, extending the historical hydrographic and wetland change analyses eastward into Suisun Bay will improve the understanding of the North Bay sediment system.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr98759","usgsCitation":"Jaffe, B.E., Smith, R.E., and Torresan, L.Z., 1998, Sedimentation and bathymetric change in San Pablo Bay: 1856-1983: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-759, 1 Poster: 33.76 x 25.82 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr98759.","productDescription":"1 Poster: 33.76 x 25.82 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1855-12-31","temporalEnd":"1983-12-31","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":393256,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13077.htm"},{"id":108347,"rank":700,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0759/pdf/of98-759.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"13077"},{"id":176684,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/ofr98759.jpg"},{"id":3686,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0759/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":285871,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1998/0759/of98-759.eps"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Pablo Bay","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.513573,37.960066 ], [ -122.513573,38.169213 ], [ -122.233034,38.169213 ], [ -122.233034,37.960066 ], [ -122.513573,37.960066 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db660631","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce E. 0000-0002-8816-5920 bjaffe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-5920","contributorId":2049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce","email":"bjaffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":226482,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Richard E.","contributorId":40606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":226484,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Torresan, Laura Zink","contributorId":34193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torresan","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"Zink","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":226483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5227,"text":"fs05998 - 1998 - Improving ground-water flow model calibration with the Advective-Transport Observation (ADV) Package to MODFLOWP","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-04T18:54:36","indexId":"fs05998","displayToPublicDate":"2002-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1998","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"059-98","title":"Improving ground-water flow model calibration with the Advective-Transport Observation (ADV) Package to MODFLOWP","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs05998","usgsCitation":"Anderman, E.R., and Hill, M.C., 1998, Improving ground-water flow model calibration with the Advective-Transport Observation (ADV) Package to MODFLOWP: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 059-98, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs05998.","productDescription":"2 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":31948,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0059/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":101,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/nrp/gwsoftware/modflow2000/ADV_Fact_Sheet-2001_reprinting.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":121381,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1998/0059/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fde4b07f02db5f5e36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderman, Evan R.","contributorId":95505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderman","given":"Evan","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150651,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, M. C.","contributorId":48993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150650,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}