{"pageNumber":"1241","pageRowStart":"31000","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165296,"records":[{"id":70186924,"text":"70186924 - 2015 - Onset of a basaltic explosive eruption from Kīlauea’s summit in 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-08T14:39:51.506941","indexId":"70186924","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5371,"text":"Geophysical Monograph","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"chapter":"19","title":"Onset of a basaltic explosive eruption from Kīlauea’s summit in 2008","docAbstract":"The onset of a basaltic eruption at the summit of Kīlauea volcano in 2008 is recorded in the products generated during the first three weeks of the eruption and suggests an evolution of both the physical properties of the magma and also lava lake levels and vent wall stability. Ash componentry and the microtextures of the early erupted lapilli products reveal that the magma was largely outgassed, perhaps in the preceding weeks to months. An increase in the juvenile:lithic ratio and size of ash collected from March 23 to April 3 records an increasing level of the magma within the conduit. After April 3 until the explosive eruption of April 9, a trend of decreasing juvenile:lithic ratio suggests that vent wall collapses were more frequent, possibly because lava level increased and destabilized the overhanging wall [Orr et al. 2013]. Despite increasing lake height, the microtextural characteristics of the lapilli suggest that the outgassed end-member was still being tapped between March 26 and April 8. The April 9 rockfall triggered an explosive eruption that produced a new component in the eruption deposits not seen in the preceding weeks; microvesicular juvenile lapilli, the first evidence of an actively vesiculating magma. Two additional dense end-member pyroclast types were also erupted during the April 9 explosion, likely related to outgassed magma with longer residence times than the microvesicular magma. We link these pyroclasts to a stagnant viscous crust at the top of the magma column or to convecting, downwelling magma. Our study of ash componentry and the textures of juvenile lapilli suggests that the April 9 explosive event effectively cleared the conduit of largely outgassed magma. The degassing processes during this eruption are complex and varied: in the period of persistent degassing during March 26-April 8 small resident bubbles at shallow levels in the lava lake were coupled to the magma whereas large bubbles ascended, expanded and fragmented. During the rockfall- triggered explosion of April 9, all bubbles were coupled to the host magma on the timescale of decompression, but additional exsolution, decompression and expansion of deeper, more gas-rich resident magma likely occurred [cf. Carey et al. 2012]. Where external conditions play a significant role in eruption dynamics, e.g., by triggering eruptions, vesiculation and degassing dynamics can be expected to be complex.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hawaiian volcanoes: From source to surface","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"AGU Chapman Conference","conferenceDate":"August 20-24, 2012","conferenceLocation":"Waikoloa, Hawai'i","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union; John Wiley & Sons","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/9781118872079.ch19","usgsCitation":"Carey, R.J., Swavely, L., Swanson, D., Houghton, B.F., Orr, T.R., Elias, T., and Sutton, A., 2015, Onset of a basaltic explosive eruption from Kīlauea’s summit in 2008, chap. 19 of Hawaiian volcanoes: From source to surface: Geophysical Monograph, v. 208, p. 421-437, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118872079.ch19.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"421","endPage":"437","ipdsId":"IP-057407","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":339772,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.2566432952881,\n 19.427986766674284\n ],\n [\n -155.24333953857422,\n 19.416816177675052\n ],\n [\n -155.24042129516602,\n 19.41139249889879\n ],\n [\n -155.24145126342773,\n 19.409935360334085\n ],\n [\n -155.25012016296387,\n 19.409206786155146\n ],\n [\n -155.2526092529297,\n 19.40604959366076\n ],\n [\n -155.2594757080078,\n 19.406130548080082\n ],\n [\n -155.27097702026367,\n 19.40054459862468\n ],\n [\n -155.28016090393066,\n 19.40224469050349\n ],\n [\n -155.29080390930176,\n 19.399087362874425\n ],\n [\n -155.29535293579102,\n 19.40872106822236\n ],\n [\n -155.29329299926758,\n 19.415844785823072\n ],\n [\n -155.28762817382812,\n 19.420216003440714\n ],\n [\n -155.28024673461914,\n 19.4298484568423\n ],\n [\n -155.26814460754395,\n 19.431224474991648\n ],\n [\n -155.2566432952881,\n 19.427986766674284\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"208","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f1e0cae4b08144348b7e15","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Carey, Rebecca","contributorId":121557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carey","given":"Rebecca","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691170,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cayol, Valerie","contributorId":121509,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cayol","given":"Valerie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691171,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poland, Michael P. 0000-0001-5240-6123 mpoland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5240-6123","contributorId":635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poland","given":"Michael P.","email":"mpoland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":336,"text":"Hawaiian Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":691172,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weis, Dominique","contributorId":121531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weis","given":"Dominique","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691173,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":4}],"authors":[{"text":"Carey, Rebecca J.","contributorId":145530,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carey","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16141,"text":"University of Tasmania","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":691016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swavely, Lauren","contributorId":168819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swavely","given":"Lauren","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25364,"text":"Univ. Hawai`i","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":691017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swanson, Don 0000-0002-1680-3591 donswan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3591","contributorId":168817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"Don","email":"donswan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":691015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Houghton, Bruce F. 0000-0002-7532-9770","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7532-9770","contributorId":140077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Houghton","given":"Bruce","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":6977,"text":"University of Hawai`i at Hilo","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":13351,"text":"University of Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":691018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Orr, Tim R. 0000-0003-1157-7588 torr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1157-7588","contributorId":149803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orr","given":"Tim","email":"torr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":691019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Elias, Tamar 0000-0002-9592-4518 telias@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9592-4518","contributorId":3916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elias","given":"Tamar","email":"telias@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":691020,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sutton, Andrew ajsutton@usgs.gov","contributorId":156244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutton","given":"Andrew","email":"ajsutton@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":691021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70156817,"text":"70156817 - 2015 - Pollen and spores of terrestrial plants","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-20T11:18:03","indexId":"70156817","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"14","title":"Pollen and spores of terrestrial plants","docAbstract":"

Pollen and spores are valuable tools in reconstructing past sea level and climate because of their ubiquity, abundance, and durability as well as their reciprocity with source vegetation to environmental change (Cronin, 1999; Traverse, 2007; Willard and Bernhardt, 2011). Pollan is found in many sedimentary environments, from freshwater to saltwater, terrestrial to marine. It can be abundant in a minimal amount of sample material, for example half a gram, as concentrations can be as high as four million grains per gram (Traverse, 2007). The abundance of pollen in a sample lends it to robust statistical analysis for the quantitative reconstruction of environments. The outer cell wall is resistant to decay in sediments and allows palynomorphs (pollen and spores) to record changes in plant communities and sea level over millions of years. These characteristics make pollen and spores a powerful tool to use in sea-level research.

This chapter describes the biology of pollen and spores and how they are transported and preserved in sediments. We present a methodology for isolating pollen from sediments and a general language and framework to identify pollen as well as light micrographs of a selection of common pollen grains, We then discuss their utility in sea-level research.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Handbook of sea-level research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/9781118452547.ch14","issn":"978-1-118-45258-5","usgsCitation":"Bernhardt, C.E., and Willard, D.A., 2015, Pollen and spores of terrestrial plants, chap. 14 of Handbook of sea-level research, p. 218-232, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118452547.ch14.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"218","endPage":"232","ipdsId":"IP-051131","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340027,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f9c8cfe4b0b7ea545240f3","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Shennan, Ian","contributorId":54883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shennan","given":"Ian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692266,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, Antony J.","contributorId":191198,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Long","given":"Antony","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692267,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Horton, Benjamin P.","contributorId":63641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692268,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Bernhardt, Christopher E. 0000-0003-0082-4731 cbernhardt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0082-4731","contributorId":2131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bernhardt","given":"Christopher","email":"cbernhardt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Willard, Debra A. 0000-0003-4878-0942 dwillard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-0942","contributorId":2076,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willard","given":"Debra","email":"dwillard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":24693,"text":"Climate Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":570668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70162057,"text":"70162057 - 2015 - Astronomical observations of volatiles on asteroids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-13T15:20:29","indexId":"70162057","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Astronomical observations of volatiles on asteroids","docAbstract":"

We have long known that water and hydroxyl are important components in meteorites and asteroids. However, in the time since the publication of Asteroids III, evolution of astronomical instrumentation, laboratory capabilities, and theoretical models have led to great advances in our understanding of H2O/OH on small bodies, and spacecraft observations of the Moon and Vesta have important implications for our interpretations of the asteroidal population. We begin this chapter with the importance of water/OH in asteroids, after which we will discuss their spectral features throughout the visible and near-infrared. We continue with an overview of the findings in meteorites and asteroids, closing with a discussion of future opportunities, the results from which we can anticipate finding in Asteroids V. Because this topic is of broad importance to asteroids, we also point to relevant in-depth discussions elsewhere in this volume.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Asteroids IV","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Arizona Press","publisherLocation":"Tuscon, AZ","doi":"10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch004","isbn":"978-0-8165-3213-1","usgsCitation":"Rivkin, A.S., Campins, H., Emery, J.P., Howell, E.S., Licandro, J., Takir, D., and Vilas, F., 2015, Astronomical observations of volatiles on asteroids, chap. of Asteroids IV, p. 65-87, https://doi.org/10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch004.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"65","endPage":"87","ipdsId":"IP-066959","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472402,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch004","text":"External Repository"},{"id":339706,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":339705,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.uapress.arizona.edu/Books/bid2555.htm","text":"Book on Publisher's Website"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f08e61e4b06911a29fa858","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Michel, Patrick","contributorId":190874,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michel","given":"Patrick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690954,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeMeo, Francesca E.","contributorId":190875,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeMeo","given":"Francesca","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690955,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bottke, William F. Jr.","contributorId":190876,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bottke","given":"William","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690956,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Rivkin, Andrew S.","contributorId":152195,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rivkin","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":18878,"text":"The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":588420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Campins, Humberto","contributorId":152196,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Campins","given":"Humberto","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":18879,"text":"University of Central Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":588421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Emery, Joshua P.","contributorId":152197,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Emery","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":588422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Howell, Ellen S.","contributorId":152199,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Howell","given":"Ellen","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":18880,"text":"Arecibo Observatory/USRA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":588424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Licandro, Javier","contributorId":190878,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Licandro","given":"Javier","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588419,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Takir, Driss dtakir@usgs.gov","contributorId":152190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takir","given":"Driss","email":"dtakir@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Vilas, Faith","contributorId":152200,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vilas","given":"Faith","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13179,"text":"Planetary Science Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":690960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70160132,"text":"70160132 - 2015 - Guide to luminescence dating techniques and their application for paleoseismic research","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-24T17:46:50","indexId":"70160132","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Guide to luminescence dating techniques and their application for paleoseismic research","docAbstract":"Over the past 25 years, luminescence dating has become a key tool for dating sediments of interest in paleoseismic research. The data obtained from luminescence dating has been used to determine timing of fault displacement, calculate slip rates, and estimate earthquake recurrence intervals. The flexibility of luminescence is a key complement to other chronometers such as radiocarbon or cosmogenic nuclides. Careful sampling and correct selection of sample sites exert two of the strongest controls on obtaining an accurate luminescence age. Factors such as partial bleaching and post-depositional mixing should be avoided during sampling and special measures may be needed to help correct for associated problems. Like all geochronologic techniques, context is necessary for interpreting and calculating luminescence results and this can be achieved by supplying participating labs with associated trench logs, photos, and stratigraphic locations of sample sites.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings volume: Basin and range province seismic hazards summit III, 2015 (Utah Geological Survey Miscellaneous Publication 15-5)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Basin and Range Province Seismic Hazards Summit III, 2015","conferenceDate":"January 12-17, 2015","conferenceLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Gray, H.J., Mahan, S.A., Rittenour, T.M., and Nelson, M.S., 2015, Guide to luminescence dating techniques and their application for paleoseismic research, in Proceedings volume: Basin and range province seismic hazards summit III, 2015 (Utah Geological Survey Miscellaneous Publication 15-5), Salt Lake City, UT, January 12-17, 2015, 18 p.","productDescription":"18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-061808","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340212,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":312200,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://geology.utah.gov/hazards/earthquakes-faults/utah-earthquake-working-groups/basin-and-range-province-seismic-hazards-summit/"}],"publicComments":"Invited paper","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ff0ea6e4b006455f2d61ec","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Lund, William R.","contributorId":48320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lund","given":"William R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":692672,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Gray, Harrison J. 0000-0002-4555-7473 hgray@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4555-7473","contributorId":4991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"Harrison","email":"hgray@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon A. 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":147159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":581982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rittenour, Tammy M.","contributorId":140755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rittenour","given":"Tammy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nelson, Michelle Summa","contributorId":150513,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"Summa","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":581985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70187036,"text":"70187036 - 2015 - Reticulite‐producing fountains from ring fractures in Kīlauea Caldera ca. 1500 CE","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-08T14:30:57.249162","indexId":"70187036","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5371,"text":"Geophysical Monograph","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":24}},"chapter":"16","title":"Reticulite‐producing fountains from ring fractures in Kīlauea Caldera ca. 1500 CE","docAbstract":"

A widely dispersed reticulite bed occurs close to the base of the Keanakākoʻi Tephra at Kīlauea Volcano. It can be divided into six subunits in the northern sector of the volcano; the reticulite also occurs in the southern sector, but outcrops are sparse owing to penecontemporaneous erosion and burial. Multilobate isopachs for each subunit and the total deposit suggest that multiple fountaining vents were distributed in the northern half of the caldera, possibly along ring fractures for the newly formed caldera. Isopach maps also show a sharp decline in thickness along the dispersal axis of each lobe, which could be explained by remobilization of tephra and/or inclined fountains. Despite such isopach characteristics, thinning rates calculated from the isopach data indicate that the fountains were among the most intense and powerful of all studied Kīlauea fountains. Density analyses of the pyroclasts suggest that fountaining was high (>600m) yet complex, possibly due to lava ponding and reentrainment. The calculated volume of the reticulite deposited around the caldera rim is approximately 0.2km3, more voluminous than the deposits of the 1959 Kīlauea Iki eruption; this volume is a minimum, however, as the low-density tephra is easily remobilized, and 600m high caldera walls probably trapped tephra within the caldera, which is deeply buried today and not accounted for in the volume calculations. The duration of this eruption was most likely at least a few days to weeks, based on the calculated volume and estimated discharge rates as seen during the Kīlauea Iki 1959 eruption.

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The southern Piedmont in the U.S. was an important farming region during the 19th century, but by the end of the 20th century, agricultural land use had decreased substantially with forest becoming the majority land cover by the 1970s. Geographical literature has documented this change but has not concentrated on the region’s contemporary land uses. The Piedmont currently has three main types of land use and land cover changes: cyclic forestry, changes between forest and agriculture, and urbanization. The first and second groupings are reversible and land uses and land covers can change among them, but urbanization is normally a permanent change that increases in area through time. U.S. Geological Survey findings indicate that cyclic forestry of cutting (clearing) and regrowth dominated recent land change in the Piedmont. This paper explores the Piedmont’s current land uses and some of their driving forces.

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Similar to other species that in recent centuries experienced unregulated human exploitation, sea otters were extirpated throughout large portions of their historic range in the North Pacific. For most of the twentieth century, with cessation of the fur trade and because of concerted efforts at conservation, sea otters recovered much of their historic range and abundance. Late in the twentieth century, increased predation by killer whales in southwest Alaska drove sea otter populations to a few percentage points of their prior abundance, and one of the nation’s largest oil spills in south-central Alaska caused the death of several thousand animals and required more than two decades for recovery. In California, entanglement in fishing gear and environmental degradation, among other factors, have contributed to slow growth in sea otter abundance. We discuss the role of density dependence and spatial structuring of populations in reduced rates of sea otter recovery recently detected in the Northeast Pacific, and consider the potential effects of multiple low-level and cumulative threats on sea otter populations. The resilience demonstrated by sea otters over the past century will be tested in upcoming decades as human activities continue to degrade nearshore coastal areas of the North Pacific.

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  1. Human impacts on the environment are multifaceted and can occur across distinct spatiotemporal scales. Ecological responses to environmental change are therefore difficult to predict, and entail large degrees of uncertainty. Such uncertainty requires robust tools for management to sustain ecosystem goods and services and maintain resilient ecosystems.
  2. We propose an approach based on discontinuity theory that accounts for patterns and processes at distinct spatial and temporal scales, an inherent property of ecological systems. Discontinuity theory has not been applied in natural resource management and could therefore improve ecosystem management because it explicitly accounts for ecological complexity.
  3. Synthesis and applications. We highlight the application of discontinuity approaches for meeting management goals. Specifically, discontinuity approaches have significant potential to measure and thus understand the resilience of ecosystems, to objectively identify critical scales of space and time in ecological systems at which human impact might be most severe, to provide warning indicators of regime change, to help predict and understand biological invasions and extinctions and to focus monitoring efforts. Discontinuity theory can complement current approaches, providing a broader paradigm for ecological management and conservation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.12494","usgsCitation":"Angeler, D., Allen, C.R., Barichievy, C., Eason, T., Garmestani, A.S., Graham, N.A., Granholm, D., Gunderson, L.H., Knutson, M., Nash, K.L., Nelson, R.J., Nystrom, M., Spanbauer, T., Stow, C., and Sundstrom, S.M., 2015, Management applications of discontinuity theory: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 53, p. 688-698, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12494.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"688","endPage":"698","ipdsId":"IP-067065","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490020,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12494","text":"External Repository"},{"id":335340,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-07-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a42534e4b0c825128ad42f","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.12494","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12494","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Angeler David G., Allen Craig R., Barichievy Chris, Eason Tarsha, Garmestani Ahjond S., Graham Nicholas A. J., Granholm Dean, Gunderson Lance H., Knutson Melinda, Nash Kirsty L., Nelson R. John, Nyström Magnus, Spanbauer Trisha L., Stow Craig A., Sundstrom Shana M.","journalName":"Journal of Applied Ecology","publicationDate":"7/31/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Angeler, David G.","contributorId":25027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angeler","given":"David G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Allen, Craig R. 0000-0001-8655-8272 allencr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-8272","contributorId":1979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Craig","email":"allencr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":668626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barichievy, Chris","contributorId":17119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barichievy","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eason, Tarsha","contributorId":82220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eason","given":"Tarsha","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Garmestani, Ahjond S.","contributorId":77285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garmestani","given":"Ahjond","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Graham, Nicholas A.J.","contributorId":101990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Graham","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Granholm, Dean","contributorId":85087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Granholm","given":"Dean","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gunderson, Lance H.","contributorId":12182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gunderson","given":"Lance","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Knutson, Melinda","contributorId":27929,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knutson","given":"Melinda","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Nash, Kirsty L.","contributorId":40897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nash","given":"Kirsty","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Nelson, R. John","contributorId":98215,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Nystrom, Magnus","contributorId":36460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nystrom","given":"Magnus","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Spanbauer, Trisha","contributorId":146435,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spanbauer","given":"Trisha","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16610,"text":"University of Nebraska-Lincoln","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":668637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Stow, Craig A.","contributorId":49733,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stow","given":"Craig A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Sundstrom, Shana M.","contributorId":7159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sundstrom","given":"Shana","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668639,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70178249,"text":"70178249 - 2015 - Integrating climate change into northeast and midwest State Wildlife Action Plans","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-29T13:59:36.026052","indexId":"70178249","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Integrating climate change into northeast and midwest State Wildlife Action Plans","docAbstract":"

The Department of Interior Northeast Climate Science Center (NE CSC) conducts research that responds to the regional natural resource management community’s needs to anticipate, monitor, and adapt to climate change. The NE CSC is supported by a consortium of partners that includes the University of Massachusetts Amherst, College of Menominee Nation, Columbia University, Marine Biological Laboratory, University of Minnesota, University of Missouri Columbia, and University of Wisconsin. The NE CSC also engages and collaborates with a diversity of other federal, state, academic, tribal, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to conduct collaborative, stakeholder-driven, and climate-focused work.

The State Wildlife Action Plans (SWAPs) are revised every 10 years; states are currently working towards a target deadline of October 2015. SWAP coordinators have been challenged to incorporate climate change impacts and species responses into their current revisions. This synthesis is intended to inform the science going into Northeast and Midwest SWAPs across the 22 NE CSC states ranging from Maine to Virginia, and Minnesota and Missouri in the eastern United States. It is anticipated that this synthesis will help guide SWAP authors in writing specific sections, help revise and finalize existing sections, or be incorporated as an appendix or addendum.

The purpose of this NE CSC-led cooperative report is to provide a synthesis of what is known and what is uncertain about climate change and its impacts across the NE CSC region, with a particular focus on the responses and vulnerabilities of Regional Species of Greatest Conservation Need (RSGCN) and the habitats they depend on. Another goal is to describe a range of climate change adaptation approaches, processes, tools, and potential partnerships that are available to State natural resource managers across the Northeast and Midwest regions of the United States. Through illustrative case studies submitted by the NE CSC and partners, we demonstrate climate change adaptation efforts being explored and implemented across local and large-landscape scales.

This document is divided into four sections and addresses the following climate and management relevant questions:

  1. Climate Change in the Northeast and Midwest United States: How is the climate changing and projected to change across the Northeast and Midwest regions of the United States?
  2. Northeast and Midwest regional species and habitats at greatest risk and most vulnerable to climate impacts: What are the relative vulnerabilities of fish and wildlife species and their habitats to climate change in the Northeast and Midwest?
  3. Biological responses to climate impacts with a focus on Northeast and Midwest Regional Species of Greatest Conservation Need (RSGCN): How are threatened fish and wildlife likely to respond or adapt to climate change in the Northeast and Midwest?
  4. Scale-appropriate adaptation strategies and actions in the Northeast and Midwest United States: What approaches, strategies, and actions could be taken to sustain fish, wildlife and their habitats in the short and long term across the Northeast and Midwest?

The outline and content for this document were developed with input from State Coordinators, members of the Northeast Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies and Midwest Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, DOI Northeast Climate Science Center affiliated researchers, and other partners including the Landscape Conservation Cooperatives, the Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science, the Wildlife Conservation Society, and The Nature Conservancy. Terwilliger Consulting, Inc., was especially instrumental in helping connect and coordinate the authors of this report with State representatives through conference calls and email surveys to develop the most needed and effective information for current SWAP revisions.

On a final note, the SWAPs are living documents that can be added to and evolve on timescales beyond the 10-year revision cycle. The development of this report was timed such that SWAP coordinators and writers would have sufficient time to implement this input before their October 2015 deadline. However, this document is also meant to serve as a starting point for coordinated and collaborative climate science and adaptation across the region; the NE CSC 5 endeavors to continue to provide actionable science during the coming years in collaboration with its diverse federal, state, NGO, and academic partners.

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\"}}]}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58259561e4b01fad86db2417","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Staudinger, Michelle D. 0000-0002-4535-2005 mstaudinger@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4535-2005","contributorId":4057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staudinger","given":"Michelle","email":"mstaudinger@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5080,"text":"Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653446,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morelli, Toni L. 0000-0001-5865-5294 tmorelli@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5865-5294","contributorId":189143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morelli","given":"Toni","email":"tmorelli@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653447,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bryan, Alexander 0000-0003-2040-7636 abryan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2040-7636","contributorId":168822,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bryan","given":"Alexander","email":"abryan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5080,"text":"Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653448,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70177819,"text":"70177819 - 2015 - Survival and recovery rates of mottled ducks banded in Texas and Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-23T15:18:01","indexId":"70177819","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3909,"text":"Journal of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival and recovery rates of mottled ducks banded in Texas and Louisiana","docAbstract":"

The Western Gulf Coast population of the mottled duck (Anas fulvigula) is dependent on the Gulf coastal marsh to complete its entire life cycle. Band recovery data can be used to monitor mottled duck populations by estimating annual survival, indexing harvest rate, and assessing movements. Band returns from hunting seasons 1997–2013 were used to evaluate factors influencing annual survival, recovery rates, and movements of mottled ducks in Texas and Louisiana. For banding years of 1997–2013, 58,349 normal, wild mottled ducks were banded and released in Texas and Louisiana. Since 2002, 86% of mottled duck bandings have occurred on the Chenier Plain of Texas and Louisiana. Hunters shot, recovered, and reported 7,061birds with bands during this period. Direct recovery rates were greater for juveniles than adults but changed little since the 1970s. Estimates of annual survival did not differ between Texas and Louisiana, but did among years and between sex and age classes. Adult male and juvenile female mottled ducks had the greatest and lowest annual survival rates, respectively. Recovery of birds banded on the Chenier Plain was four times greater for birds banded in Texas and harvested in Louisiana than banded in Louisiana and harvested in Texas. Much of the current inference of results from banding mottled ducks is limited to the Chenier Plain. To monitor the entire Western Gulf Coast population of mottled ducks, managers can consider expanding operational banding operations with annual quotas, which would improve survival and recovery estimates and allow for inference beyond the Chenier Plain region.

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\"}}]}","volume":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58106f99e4b0f497e796111d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70181796,"text":"70181796 - 2015 - Analyzing high resolution topography for advancing the understanding of mass and energy transfer through landscapes: A review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-14T12:40:48","indexId":"70181796","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1431,"text":"Earth-Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analyzing high resolution topography for advancing the understanding of mass and energy transfer through landscapes: A review","docAbstract":"

The study of mass and energy transfer across landscapes has recently evolved to comprehensive considerations acknowledging the role of biota and humans as geomorphic agents, as well as the importance of small-scale landscape features. A contributing and supporting factor to this evolution is the emergence over the last two decades of technologies able to acquire high resolution topography (HRT) (meter and sub-meter resolution) data. Landscape features can now be captured at an appropriately fine spatial resolution at which surface processes operate; this has revolutionized the way we study Earth-surface processes. The wealth of information contained in HRT also presents considerable challenges. For example, selection of the most appropriate type of HRT data for a given application is not trivial. No definitive approach exists for identifying and filtering erroneous or unwanted data, yet inappropriate filtering can create artifacts or eliminate/distort critical features. Estimates of errors and uncertainty are often poorly defined and typically fail to represent the spatial heterogeneity of the dataset, which may introduce bias or error for many analyses. For ease of use, gridded products are typically preferred rather than the more information-rich point cloud representations. Thus many users take advantage of only a fraction of the available data, which has furthermore been subjected to a series of operations often not known or investigated by the user. Lastly, standard HRT analysis work-flows are yet to be established for many popular HRT operations, which has contributed to the limited use of point cloud data.

In this review, we identify key research questions relevant to the Earth-surface processes community within the theme of mass and energy transfer across landscapes and offer guidance on how to identify the most appropriate topographic data type for the analysis of interest. We describe the operations commonly performed from raw data to raster products and we identify key considerations and suggest appropriate work-flows for each, pointing to useful resources and available tools. Future research directions should stimulate further development of tools that take advantage of the wealth of information contained in the HRT data and address the present and upcoming research needs such as the ability to filter out unwanted data, compute spatially variable estimates of uncertainty and perform multi-scale analyses. While we focus primarily on HRT applications for mass and energy transfer, we envision this review to be relevant beyond the Earth-surface processes community for a much broader range of applications involving the analysis of HRT.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2015.05.012","usgsCitation":"Passaiacquaa, P., Belmont, P., Staley, D.M., Simley, J., Arrowsmith, J.R., Bode, C.A., Crosby, C., DeLong, S., Glenn, N., Kelly, S., Lague, D., Sangireddy, H., Schaffrath, K., Tarboton, D., Wasklewicz, T., and Wheaton, J., 2015, Analyzing high resolution topography for advancing the understanding of mass and energy transfer through landscapes: A review: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 148, p. 174-193, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2015.05.012.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"174","endPage":"193","ipdsId":"IP-065200","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":29789,"text":"John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://insu.hal.science/insu-01164979","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":335341,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"148","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a42534e4b0c825128ad432","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.earscirev.2015.05.012","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2015.05.012","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Passalacqua Paola, Belmont Patrick, Staley Dennis M., Simley Jeffrey D., Arrowsmith J Ramon, Bode Collin A., Crosby Christopher, DeLong Stephen B., Glenn Nancy F., Kelly Sara A., Lague Dimitri, Sangireddy Harish, Schaffrath Keelin, Tarboton David G., Wasklewicz Thad, Wheaton Joseph M.","journalName":"Earth-Science Reviews","publicationDate":"9/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Passaiacquaa, Paola","contributorId":181552,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Passaiacquaa","given":"Paola","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Belmont, Patrick","contributorId":181553,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belmont","given":"Patrick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Staley, Dennis M. 0000-0002-2239-3402 dstaley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2239-3402","contributorId":4134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Staley","given":"Dennis","email":"dstaley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":668595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Simley, Jeffery","contributorId":181554,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Simley","given":"Jeffery","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Arrowsmith, J. Ramon","contributorId":101185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arrowsmith","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ramon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bode, Collin A.","contributorId":181568,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bode","given":"Collin","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Crosby, Christopher","contributorId":181556,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crosby","given":"Christopher","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668640,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"DeLong, Stephen","contributorId":181557,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeLong","given":"Stephen","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Glenn, Nancy","contributorId":181558,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glenn","given":"Nancy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kelly, Sara","contributorId":181559,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelly","given":"Sara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Lague, Dimitri","contributorId":181560,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lague","given":"Dimitri","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Sangireddy, Harish","contributorId":181561,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sangireddy","given":"Harish","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Schaffrath, Keelin","contributorId":181562,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schaffrath","given":"Keelin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Tarboton, David","contributorId":152467,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tarboton","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":668605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Wasklewicz, Thad","contributorId":181563,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wasklewicz","given":"Thad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Wheaton, Joseph","contributorId":181564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wheaton","given":"Joseph","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":668607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}} ,{"id":70179136,"text":"70179136 - 2015 - Brittle Faults","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-16T15:08:02","indexId":"70179136","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Brittle Faults","docAbstract":"Brittle shear zones/fault zones are usually defined by curved brittle P-planes bound by usually straight Y-planes. These shears may affect as a narrow zone within the rock bodies. Brittle sheared lenses of rocks vary in geometry, and the P-planes may curve only near the Y-planes. Fault gouge zones sometimes contain P-planes that help to deduce the shear sense. Fault planes/Y-planes may contain slickensides. See Doblas for detail of slickenside types and their reliable use in shear sense determination. This is despite Tjia questioned reliability of slickensides as shear sense indicators. Deformational structures and especially faulted units within soft-sedimentary structures are quite common.\nKeywords: Brittle shear zone; Brittle tectonics; Conjugate faults; Faults; Kinematic indicators; P-plane; Slickensides; Y-plane","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-420152-1.00003-X","usgsCitation":"Mukherjee, S., 2015, Brittle Faults, p. 79-106, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-420152-1.00003-X.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"79","endPage":"106","ipdsId":"IP-061137","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335782,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":332275,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-420152-1.00003-X"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a6c833e4b025c464286296","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mukherjee, Soumyajit","contributorId":181848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mukherjee","given":"Soumyajit","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70177838,"text":"70177838 - 2015 - Changes in thyroid parameters of hatchling American kestrels (Falco sparverius) following embryonic exposure to technical short chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs; C10-13, 55.5% CL)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-06T12:40:05","indexId":"70177838","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2959,"text":"Organohalogen Compounds","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Changes in thyroid parameters of hatchling American kestrels (Falco sparverius) following embryonic exposure to technical short chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs; C10-13, 55.5% CL)","docAbstract":"

Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are complex mixtures of polychlorinated n-alkanes categorized according to their carbon chain length: short chain (SCCPs, C10 – C13), medium (C14 - C17), and long chain (C>17), chlorinated paraffins. SCCPs are primarily used in metalworking applications, as flame retardants, and in paints, adhesives, sealants, textiles, plastics and rubber (UNEP 2012). In 2012, the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP 2012) reported in the Revised Draft Risk Profile for SCCPs, that CPs were produced in the United States, the European Union (EU), Slovakia, Brazil, India, Japan and China. While annual global consumption of SCCPs is large (>25 tonnes/year), it has sharply declined over the past 20 years.

SCCPs are released through wastewater, landfills, and air emissions (UNEP 2012). Concentrations of SCCPs have been reported in fish and marine mammals in North and South America, Europe, Japan, Greenland and the Arctic (UNEP 2012 and references therein). Characterization of SCCP concentrations and exposure in terrestrial wildlife is limited. In 2010, SCCP concentrations were reported in the eggs of yellow-legged gulls (Larus michahellis) (4536 ± 40 pg/g wet weight (ww)) and Audouin’s gulls (Larus audouinii) (6364 ± 20 pg/g ww) in Spain (Morales et al. 2012), and little auks (Alle alle) (5 - 88 ng/g ww) and kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) (5 - 44 ng/g ww) in the European Arctic (Reth et al. 2006). In Sweden, muscle of ospreys contained CPs of unspecified chain length (Jansson et al. 1993). Although the toxicity of SCCPs has been demonstrated in aquatic invertebrates, fish, frogs, and laboratory rats, there are limited avian studies and these reported no effects of SCCPs on egg parameters of domestic hens (Gallus gallus domesticus) and ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) (UNEP 2012). Despite reported accumulation of SCCPs in wild birds, to our knowledge, exposure-related toxicities and effects with respect to avian wildlife remain unknown.

","language":"English","publisher":"International Dioxin Symposium","usgsCitation":"Fernie, K.J., Henry, P.F., Letcher, R.J., Palace, V.P., Peters, L.E., Rattner, B.A., Sverko, E., and Karouna-Renier, N.K., 2015, Changes in thyroid parameters of hatchling American kestrels (Falco sparverius) following embryonic exposure to technical short chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs; C10-13, 55.5% CL): Organohalogen Compounds, v. 77, p. 398-400.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"398","endPage":"400","ipdsId":"IP-066420","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330337,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dioxin20xx.org/ohc_database_search.htm"},{"id":330437,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5811c0f4e4b0f497e79a5a8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fernie, Kimberly J.","contributorId":176208,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fernie","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henry, Paula F. P. 0000-0002-7601-5546 phenry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7601-5546","contributorId":4485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henry","given":"Paula","email":"phenry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F. P.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Letcher, Robert J.","contributorId":176209,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Letcher","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Palace, Vince P.","contributorId":176210,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palace","given":"Vince","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peters, Lisa E.","contributorId":176211,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peters","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843 brattner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":4142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett","email":"brattner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sverko, Edward","contributorId":176212,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sverko","given":"Edward","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Karouna-Renier, Natalie K. 0000-0001-7127-033X nkarouna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7127-033X","contributorId":141213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karouna-Renier","given":"Natalie","email":"nkarouna@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":651898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70179620,"text":"70179620 - 2015 - Scale-appropriate adaptation strategies and actions in the Northeast and Midwest United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-29T14:11:33.713224","indexId":"70179620","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"chapter":"4","title":"Scale-appropriate adaptation strategies and actions in the Northeast and Midwest United States","docAbstract":"

The study of climate change adaptation is a relatively new and rapidly growing field focused on preparing for and responding to the current and future impacts of climate change. The goal of this chapter is to highlight different approaches, processes, and tools currently being used across the region through illustrative case studies at varying scales. In addition, we provide a synthesis of numerous species and habitat-specific adaptation strategies and actions from existing assessment reports and management plans, which is intended to showcase a range of possibilities for natural resource management under future global change. This report does not prescribe one specific approach to taking action; instead, we outline a range of adaptation 5 tactics, which will require thoughtful consideration of the needs of the species, habitat, and location, the stakeholders and partners involved, the scale that a decision or policy is being implemented at, and the financial and personnel resources available to managers.

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Integrating climate change into northeast and midwest State Wildlife Action Plans","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Northeast Climate Science Center","usgsCitation":"Staudinger, M., Hilberg, L., Janowiak, M., Caldwell, C., D’Amato, A.W., Grant, E., Horton, R., Katz, R.A., Neiil, C., Nislow, K.H., Potter, K., Rowland, E., Swanston, C., Thompson, F., and Winiarski, K.J., 2015, Scale-appropriate adaptation strategies and actions in the Northeast and Midwest United States, 52 p.","productDescription":"52 p.","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":41705,"text":"Northeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332948,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":332947,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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Campbell 0000-0003-4401-6496 ehgrant@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4401-6496","contributorId":167017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grant","given":"Evan H. Campbell","email":"ehgrant@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":657924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Horton, Radley M.","contributorId":100407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"Radley M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Katz, Rachel A.","contributorId":149995,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Katz","given":"Rachel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":17882,"text":"Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":657926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Neiil, Chris","contributorId":178099,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neiil","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Nislow, Keith H.","contributorId":103564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nislow","given":"Keith","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Potter, Ken","contributorId":178100,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Potter","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Rowland, Erika","contributorId":146177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rowland","given":"Erika","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":657930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Swanston, Chris","contributorId":178101,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swanston","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Thompson, Frank","contributorId":178102,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thompson","given":"Frank","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Winiarski, Kristopher J.","contributorId":146615,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Winiarski","given":"Kristopher","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6932,"text":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":657933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70180672,"text":"70180672 - 2015 - Implementation of a framework for multi-species, multi-objective adaptive management in Delaware Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-25T16:41:20","indexId":"70180672","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Implementation of a framework for multi-species, multi-objective adaptive management in Delaware Bay","docAbstract":"

Decision analytic approaches have been widely recommended as well suited to solving disputed and ecologically complex natural resource management problems with multiple objectives and high uncertainty. However, the difference between theory and practice is substantial, as there are very few actual resource management programs that represent formal applications of decision analysis. We applied the process of structured decision making to Atlantic horseshoe crab harvest decisions in the Delaware Bay region to develop a multispecies adaptive management (AM) plan, which is currently being implemented. Horseshoe crab harvest has been a controversial management issue since the late 1990s. A largely unregulated horseshoe crab harvest caused a decline in crab spawning abundance. That decline coincided with a major decline in migratory shorebird populations that consume horseshoe crab eggs on the sandy beaches of Delaware Bay during spring migration. Our approach incorporated multiple stakeholders, including fishery and shorebird conservation advocates, to account for diverse management objectives and varied opinions on ecosystem function. Through consensus building, we devised an objective statement and quantitative objective function to evaluate alternative crab harvest policies. We developed a set of competing ecological models accounting for the leading hypotheses on the interaction between shorebirds and horseshoe crabs. The models were initially weighted based on stakeholder confidence in these hypotheses, but weights will be adjusted based on monitoring and Bayesian model weight updating. These models were used together to predict the effects of management actions on the crab and shorebird populations. Finally, we used a dynamic optimization routine to identify the state dependent optimal harvest policy for horseshoe crabs, given the possible actions, the stated objectives and our competing hypotheses about system function. The AM plan was reviewed, accepted and implemented by the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission in 2012 and 2013. While disagreements among stakeholders persist, structured decision making enabled unprecedented progress towards a transparent and consensus driven management plan for crabs and shorebirds in Delaware Bay.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2015.08.038","usgsCitation":"McGowan, C., Smith, D., Nichols, J., Lyons, J.E., Sweka, J.A., Kalasz, K., Niles, L.J., Wong, R., Brust, J., Davis, M.C., and Spear, B., 2015, Implementation of a framework for multi-species, multi-objective adaptive management in Delaware Bay: Biological Conservation, v. 191, p. 759-769, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.08.038.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"759","endPage":"769","ipdsId":"IP-028202","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334459,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"191","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5891b0a9e4b072a7ac1298f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGowan, Conor P. 0000-0002-7330-9581 cmcgowan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7330-9581","contributorId":3381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGowan","given":"Conor P.","email":"cmcgowan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":661944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, David R.","contributorId":173756,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Smith","given":"David R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nichols, James D. jnichols@usgs.gov","contributorId":139087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"James D.","email":"jnichols@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":661946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lyons, James E. 0000-0002-9810-8751 jelyons@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9810-8751","contributorId":177546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"James","email":"jelyons@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":661947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sweka, John A.","contributorId":80945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sweka","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kalasz, Kevin","contributorId":7121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kalasz","given":"Kevin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Niles, Lawrence J.","contributorId":25289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Niles","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wong, Richard","contributorId":54840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"Richard","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Brust, Jeffrey","contributorId":35167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brust","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Davis, Michelle C. mcdavis@usgs.gov","contributorId":5865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Michelle","email":"mcdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":661953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Spear, Braddock","contributorId":47220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spear","given":"Braddock","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":661954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70177818,"text":"70177818 - 2015 - Elk habitat suitability map for North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-23T15:18:45","indexId":"70177818","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3909,"text":"Journal of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Elk habitat suitability map for North Carolina","docAbstract":"

Although eastern elk (Cervus elaphus canadensis) were extirpated from the eastern United States in the 19th century, they were successfully reintroduced in the North Carolina portion of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park in the early 2000s. The North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC) is evaluating the prospect of reintroducing the species in other locations in the state to augment recreational opportunities. As a first step in the process, we created a state-wide elk habitat suitability map. We used medium-scale data sets and a two-component approach to iden- tify areas of high biological value for elk and exclude from consideration areas where elk-human conflicts were more likely. Habitats in the state were categorized as 66% unsuitable, 16.7% low, 17% medium, and <1% high suitability for elk. The coastal plain and Piedmont contained the most suitable habitat, but prospective reintroduction sites were largely excluded from consideration due to extensive agricultural activities and pervasiveness of secondary roads. We ranked 31 areas (≥ 500 km2) based on their suitability for reintroduction. The central region of the state contained the top five ranked areas. The Blue Ridge Mountains, where the extant population of elk occurs, was ranked 21st. Our work provides a benchmark for decision makers to evaluate potential consequences and trade-offs associated with the selection of prospective elk reintroduction sites.

","language":"English","publisher":"Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","usgsCitation":"Williams, S.G., Cobb, D.T., and Collazo, J., 2015, Elk habitat suitability map for North Carolina: Journal of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, v. 2, p. 181-186.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"181","endPage":"186","ipdsId":"IP-057284","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333751,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North 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Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58106f99e4b0f497e796111f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Steven G.","contributorId":176234,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651967,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cobb, David T.","contributorId":176235,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cobb","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651968,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Collazo, Jaime A. 0000-0002-1816-7744 jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1816-7744","contributorId":173448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collazo","given":"Jaime A.","email":"jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":651893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70180072,"text":"70180072 - 2015 - Relationships among seismic velocity, metamorphism, and seismic and aseismic fault slip in the Salton Sea Geothermal Field region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T11:51:46","indexId":"70180072","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relationships among seismic velocity, metamorphism, and seismic and aseismic fault slip in the Salton Sea Geothermal Field region","docAbstract":"

The Salton Sea Geothermal Field is one of the most geothermally and seismically active areas in California and presents an opportunity to study the effect of high-temperature metamorphism on the properties of seismogenic faults. The area includes numerous active tectonic faults that have recently been imaged with active source seismic reflection and refraction. We utilize the active source surveys, along with the abundant microseismicity data from a dense borehole seismic network, to image the 3-D variations in seismic velocity in the upper 5 km of the crust. There are strong velocity variations, up to ~30%, that correlate spatially with the distribution of shallow heat flow patterns. The combination of hydrothermal circulation and high-temperature contact metamorphism has significantly altered the shallow sandstone sedimentary layers within the geothermal field to denser, more feldspathic, rock with higher P wave velocity, as is seen in the numerous exploration wells within the field. This alteration appears to have a first-order effect on the frictional stability of shallow faults. In 2005, a large earthquake swarm and deformation event occurred. Analysis of interferometric synthetic aperture radar data and earthquake relocations indicates that the shallow aseismic fault creep that occurred in 2005 was localized on the Kalin fault system that lies just outside the region of high-temperature metamorphism. In contrast, the earthquake swarm, which includes all of the M > 4 earthquakes to have occurred within the Salton Sea Geothermal Field in the last 15 years, ruptured the Main Central Fault (MCF) system that is localized in the heart of the geothermal anomaly. The background microseismicity induced by the geothermal operations is also concentrated in the high-temperature regions in the vicinity of operational wells. However, while this microseismicity occurs over a few kilometer scale region, much of it is clustered in earthquake swarms that last from hours to a few days and are localized near the MCF system.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2014JB011579","usgsCitation":"McGuire, J.J., Lohman, R.B., Catchings, R.D., Rymer, M.J., and Goldman, M.R., 2015, Relationships among seismic velocity, metamorphism, and seismic and aseismic fault slip in the Salton Sea Geothermal Field region: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 120, no. 4, p. 2600-2615, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JB011579.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"2600","endPage":"2615","ipdsId":"IP-058451","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472584,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jb011579","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":333797,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Salton Sea","volume":"120","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-04-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"588876dbe4b05ccb964baad7","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/2014jb011579","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014jb011579","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"McGuire Jeffrey J., Lohman Rowena B., Catchings Rufus D., Rymer Michael J., Goldman Mark R.","journalName":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth","publicationDate":"4/2015","auditedOn":"7/24/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGuire, Jeffrey J. 0000-0001-9235-2166 jmcguire@whoi.edu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9235-2166","contributorId":177447,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McGuire","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jmcguire@whoi.edu","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6706,"text":"Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":660217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lohman, Rowena B.","contributorId":178631,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lohman","given":"Rowena","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":660218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Catchings, Rufus D. 0000-0002-5191-6102 catching@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-6102","contributorId":1519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Catchings","given":"Rufus","email":"catching@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":660216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rymer, Michael J. mrymer@usgs.gov","contributorId":1522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rymer","given":"Michael","email":"mrymer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":660219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goldman, Mark R. 0000-0002-0802-829X goldman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0802-829X","contributorId":1521,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldman","given":"Mark","email":"goldman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":660220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70177814,"text":"70177814 - 2015 - Estimating sturgeon abundance in the Carolinas using side-scan sonar","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-21T16:26:31","indexId":"70177814","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2680,"text":"Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating sturgeon abundance in the Carolinas using side-scan sonar","docAbstract":"

Sturgeons (Acipenseridae) are one of the most threatened taxa worldwide, including species in North Carolina and South Carolina. Populations of Atlantic Sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus in the Carolinas have been significantly reduced from historical levels by a combination of intense fishing and habitat loss. There is a need for estimates of current abundance, to describe status, and for estimates of historical abundance in order to provide realistic recovery goals. In this study we used N-mixture and distance models with data acquired from side-scan sonar surveys to estimate abundance of sturgeon in six major sturgeon rivers in North Carolina and South Carolina. Estimated abundances of sturgeon greater than 1 m TL in the Carolina distinct population segment (DPS) were 2,031 using the count model and 1,912 via the distance model. The Pee Dee River had the highest overall abundance of any river at 1,944 (count model) or 1,823 (distance model). These estimates do not account for sturgeon less than 1 m TL or occurring in riverine reaches not surveyed or in marine waters. Comparing the two models, the N-mixture model produced similar estimates using less data than the distance model with only a slight reduction of estimated precision.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/19425120.2014.982334","usgsCitation":"Flowers, H.J., and Hightower, J.E., 2015, Estimating sturgeon abundance in the Carolinas using side-scan sonar: Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science, v. 7, no. 1, p. 1-9, https://doi.org/10.1080/19425120.2014.982334.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"9","ipdsId":"IP-055971","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472567,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19425120.2014.982334","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":330333,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-11","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5810c700e4b0f497e79734bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flowers, H. Jared","contributorId":140974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Flowers","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"Jared","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hightower, Joseph E. jhightower@usgs.gov","contributorId":835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hightower","given":"Joseph","email":"jhightower@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":651860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70193301,"text":"70193301 - 2015 - Copper toxicity and organic matter: Resiliency of watersheds in the Duluth Complex, Minnesota, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-14T11:20:21","indexId":"70193301","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Copper toxicity and organic matter: Resiliency of watersheds in the Duluth Complex, Minnesota, USA","docAbstract":"

We estimated copper (Cu) toxicity in surface water with high dissolved organic matter (DOM) for unmined mineralized watersheds of the Duluth Complex using the Biotic Ligand Model (BLM), which evaluates the effect of DOM, cation competition for biologic binding sites, and metal speciation. A sediment-based BLM was used to estimate stream-sediment toxicity; this approach factors in the cumulative effects of multiple metals, incorporation of metals into less bioavailable sulfides, and complexation of metals with organic carbon.

For surface water, the formation of Cu-DOM complexes significantly reduces the amount of Cu available to aquatic organisms. The protective effects of cations, such as calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg), competing with Cu to complex with the biotic ligand is likely not as important as DOM in water with high DOM and low hardness. Standard hardness-based water quality criteria (WQC) are probably inadequate for describing Cu toxicity in such waters and a BLM approach may yield more accurate results. Nevertheless, assumptions about relative proportions of humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) in DOM significantly influence BLM results; the higher the HA fraction, the higher calculated resiliency of the water to Cu toxicity. Another important factor is seasonal variation in water chemistry, with greater resiliency to Cu toxicity during low flow compared to high flow.

Based on generally low total organic carbon and sulfur content, and equivalent metal ratios from total and weak partial extractions, much of the total metal concentration in clastic streambedsediments may be in bioavailable forms, sorbed on clays or hydroxide phases. However, organicrich fine-grained sediment in the numerous wetlands may sequester significant amount of metals, limiting their bioavailability. A high proportion of organic matter in waters and some sediments will play a key role in the resiliency of these watersheds to potential additional metal loads associated with future mining operations.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Acid Rock Drainage and IMWA Annual Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Mine Water Association","usgsCitation":"Piatak, N.M., Seal, R.R., Jones, P.M., and Woodruff, L.G., 2015, Copper toxicity and organic matter: Resiliency of watersheds in the Duluth Complex, Minnesota, USA, in Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Acid Rock Drainage and IMWA Annual Conference, 10 p.","productDescription":"10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-059790","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351595,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":347876,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.imwa.info/imwaconferencesandcongresses/proceedings/293-proceedings-2015.html"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.22610473632811,\n 47.46059403884124\n ],\n [\n -91.58752441406249,\n 47.46059403884124\n ],\n [\n -91.58752441406249,\n 47.92830585913796\n ],\n [\n -92.22610473632811,\n 47.92830585913796\n ],\n [\n -92.22610473632811,\n 47.46059403884124\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afeebeee4b0da30c1bfc69c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piatak, Nadine M. 0000-0002-1973-8537 npiatak@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1973-8537","contributorId":193010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatak","given":"Nadine","email":"npiatak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seal, Robert R. 0000-0003-0901-2529 rseal@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0901-2529","contributorId":193011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seal","given":"Robert","email":"rseal@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":250,"text":"Eastern Water Science Field Team","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718594,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Perry M. 0000-0002-6569-5144 pmjones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6569-5144","contributorId":2231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Perry","email":"pmjones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Woodruff, Laurel G. 0000-0002-2514-9923 woodruff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2514-9923","contributorId":2224,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodruff","given":"Laurel","email":"woodruff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70048545,"text":"70048545 - 2015 - Population connectivity of deep-sea corals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-14T17:50:18.671131","indexId":"70048545","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5134,"text":"NOAA Technical Memorandum","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"X","chapter":"12","title":"Population connectivity of deep-sea corals","docAbstract":"

Identifying the scale of dispersal among habitats has been a challenge in marine ecology for decades (Grantham et al., 2003; Kinlan & Gaines, 2003; Hixon, 2011). Unlike terrestrial habitats in which barriers to dispersal may be obvious (e.g. mountain ranges, rivers), few absolute barriers to dispersal are recognizable in the sea. Additionally, most marine species have complex life cycles in which juveniles are more mobile than adults. As such, the dynamics of populations may involve processes in distant habitats that are coupled by a transport mechanism. Studies of population connectivity try to quantify the transport, or dispersal of individuals, among geographically separated populations. For benthic marine species, such as corals and demersal fishes, colonization of new populations occurs primarily by dispersal of larvae (Figure 1; Shank, 2010). Successful dispersal and recruitment, followed by maturation and reproduction of these new migrants ensures individuals contribute to the gene pool (Hedgecock, 2007). Thus, successful dispersal links and cohesively maintains spatially separated sub-populations. At shorter time scales (10-100s years), connectivity regulates community structure by influencing the genetic composition, diversity and demographic stability of the population, whereas at longer time scales (1000s years), geographic distributions are affected (McClain and Hardy, 2010). Alternatively, populations may become extinct or speciation may occur if connectivity ceases (Cowen et al., 2007). Therefore, the genetic exchange of individuals between populations is fundamental to the short-term resilience and long-term maintenance of the species. However, for the vast majority of marine species, population connectivity remains poorly understood.

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"The state of deep-sea coral and sponge ecosystems of the United States: 2015","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"NOAA","publisherLocation":"Silver Spring, MD","usgsCitation":"Morrison, C., Baco, A., Nizinski, M.S., Coykendall, D.K., Demopoulos, A., Cho, W., and Shank, T., 2015, Population connectivity of deep-sea corals: NOAA Technical Memorandum X, 30 p.","productDescription":"30 p.","startPage":"12-1","endPage":"12-30","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-051873","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325086,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":325085,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://deepseacoraldata.noaa.gov/library/2015-state-of-dsc-report-folder/Ch12_Morrison_Connectivity.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"579dd01ce4b0589fa1cbdc37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morrison, Cheryl L. cmorrison@usgs.gov","contributorId":3355,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morrison","given":"Cheryl L.","email":"cmorrison@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baco, Amy","contributorId":120023,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baco","given":"Amy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nizinski, Martha S.","contributorId":87680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nizinski","given":"Martha","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Coykendall, D. Katharine 0000-0002-1148-2397 dcoykendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1148-2397","contributorId":5472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coykendall","given":"D.","email":"dcoykendall@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Katharine","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Demopoulos, Amanda W.J. 0000-0003-2096-4694 ademopoulos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2096-4694","contributorId":371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demopoulos","given":"Amanda W.J.","email":"ademopoulos@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":518213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cho, Walter","contributorId":107171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cho","given":"Walter","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Shank, Tim","contributorId":115282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shank","given":"Tim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":518218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70111380,"text":"70111380 - 2015 - Global view of remote sensing of rangelands: Evolution, applications, future pathways","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-17T16:26:53.891272","indexId":"70111380","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"10","title":"Global view of remote sensing of rangelands: Evolution, applications, future pathways","docAbstract":"

The term “rangeland” is rather nebulous, and there is no single definition of rangeland that is universally accepted by land managers, scientists, or international bodies (Lund, 2007; Reeves and Mitchell, 2011). Dozens and possibly hundreds (Lund, 2007) of definitions and ideologies exist because various stakeholders often have unique objectives requiring different information. For the purpose of describing the role of remote sensing in a global context, it is, however, necessary to provide definitions to orient the reader. The Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the United Nations convened a conference in 2002 and again in 2013 to begin addressing the issue of harmonizing definitions of forest- related activities. Based on this concept, here rangelands are considered lands usually dominated by nonforest vegetation. The Society for Range Management defines rangelands as (SRM, 1998)

Land on which the indigenous vegetation (climax or natural potential) is predominantly grasses, grass-like plants, forbs, or shrubs and is managed as a natural ecosystem. If plants are introduced, they are managed similarly. Rangelands include natural grasslands, savannas, shrublands, many deserts, tundra, alpine communities, marshes, and wet meadows.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Remote sensing handbook","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","usgsCitation":"Reeves, M., Washington-Allen, R.A., Angerer, J., Hunt, E.R., Wasantha Kulawardhana, R., Kumar, L., Loboda, T., Loveland, T., Metternicht, G., and Ramsey, R.D., 2015, Global view of remote sensing of rangelands: Evolution, applications, future pathways, chap. 10 of Remote sensing handbook, v. 2, p. 237-275.","productDescription":"39 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"275","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-056556","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325008,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.1201/b19322-13/global-view-remote-sensing-rangelands-evolution-applications-future-pathways-matthew-reeves-robert-washington-allen-jay-angerer-raymond-hunt-jr-ranjani-wasantha-kulawardhana-lalit-kumar-tatiana-loboda-thomas-loveland-graciela-metternicht-douglas-ramsey?context=ubx&refId=530aa9f9-5624-48f3-b33e-01f0265858dd","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":325009,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5784c33be4b0e02680be593b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Thenkabail, Prasad S. 0000-0002-2182-8822 pthenkabail@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2182-8822","contributorId":570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thenkabail","given":"Prasad","email":"pthenkabail@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642111,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Reeves, Matthew","contributorId":95437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeves","given":"Matthew","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Washington-Allen, Robert A.","contributorId":172793,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Washington-Allen","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Angerer, Jay","contributorId":172794,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Angerer","given":"Jay","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hunt, E. 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Douglas","contributorId":172799,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramsey","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Douglas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":642110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70117684,"text":"70117684 - 2015 - Global Cropland Area Database (GCAD) derived from Remote Sensing in Support of Food Security in the Twenty-first Century: Current Achievements and Future Possibilities","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-16T16:20:40","indexId":"70117684","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Global Cropland Area Database (GCAD) derived from Remote Sensing in Support of Food Security in the Twenty-first Century: Current Achievements and Future Possibilities","docAbstract":"

The precise estimation of the global agricultural cropland- extents, areas, geographic locations, crop types, cropping intensities, and their watering methods (irrigated or rainfed; type of irrigation) provides a critical scientific basis for the development of water and food security policies (Thenkabail et al., 2012, 2011, 2010). By year 2100, the global human population is expected to grow to 10.4 billion under median fertility variants or higher under constant or higher fertility variants (Table 1) with over three quarters living in developing countries, in regions that already lack the capacity to produce enough food. With current agricultural practices, the increased demand for food and nutrition would require in about 2 billion hectares of additional cropland, about twice the equivalent to the land area of the United States, and lead to significant increases in greenhouse gas productions (Tillman et al., 2011). For example, during 1960-2010 world population more than doubled from 3 billion to 7 billion. The nutritional demand of the population also grew swiftly during this period from an average of about 2000 calories per day per person in 1960 to nearly 3000 calories per day per person in 2010. The food demand of increased population along with increased nutritional demand during this period (1960-2010) was met by the “green revolution” which more than tripled the food production; even though croplands decreased from about 0.43 ha/capita to 0.26 ha/capita (FAO, 2009). The increase in food production during the green revolution was the result of factors such as: (a) expansion in irrigated areas which increased from 130 Mha in 1960s to 278.4 Mha in year 2000 (Siebert et al., 2006) or 399 Mha when you do not consider cropping intensity (Thenkabail et al., 2009a, 2009b, 2009c) or 467 Mha when you consider cropping intensity (Thenkabail et al., 2009a; Thenkabail et al., 2009c); (b) increase in yield and per capita food production (e.g., cereal production from 280 kg/person to 380 kg/person and meat from 22 kg/person to 34 kg/person (McIntyre, 2008); (c) new cultivar types (e.g., hybrid varieties of wheat and rice, biotechnology); and (d) modern agronomic and crop management practices (e.g., fertilizers, herbicide, pesticide applications). However, some of the factors that lead to the green revolution have stressed the environment to limits leading to salinization and decreasing water quality. For example, from 1960 to 2000, the phosphorous use doubled from 10 million tons to 20 MT, pesticide use tripled from near zero to 3 MT, and nitrogen use as fertilizer increased to a staggering 80 MT from just 10 MT (Foley et al., 2007; Khan and Hanjra, 2008). Further, diversion of croplands to bio-fuels is already taking water away from food production; the economics, carbon sequestration, environmental, and food security impacts of biofuel production are net negative (Lal and Pimentel, 2009), leaving us with a carbon debt (Gibbs et al., 2008; Searchinger et al., 2008). Climate models predict that in most regions of the world the hottest seasons on record will become the norm by the end of the century-an outcome that bodes ill for feeding the world (Kumar and Singh, 2005). Also, crop yield increases of the green revolution era have now stagnated (Hossain et al., 2005). Thereby, further increase in food production through increase in cropland areas and\\or increased allocations of water for croplands are widely considered unsustainable and\\or infeasible. Indeed, cropland areas have even begun to decrease in many 3 parts of the World due to factors such as urbanization, industrialization, and salinization. Furthermore, ecological and environmental imperatives such as biodiversity conservation and atmospheric carbon sequestration have put a cap on the possible expansion of cropland areas to other lands such as forests and rangelands. Other important factors limit food security. These include factors such as diversion of croplands to biofuels (Bindraban et al., 2009), limited water resources for irrigation expansion (Turral et al., 2009), limits on agricultural intensifications, loss of croplands to urbanization (Khan and Hanjra, 2008), increasing meat consumption (and associated demands on land and water) (Vinnari and Tapio, 2009), environmental infeasibility for cropland expansion (Gordon et al., 2009), and changing climate have all put pressure on our continued ability to sustain global food security in the twenty-first century. So, how does the World continue to meet its food and nutrition needs?. Solutions may come from bio-technology and precision farming, however developments in these fields are not currently moving at rates that will ensure global food security over next few decades. Further, there is a need for careful consideration of possible harmful effects of bio-technology. We should not be looking back 30– 50 years from now, like we have been looking back now at many mistakes made during the green revolution. During the green revolution the focus was only on getting more yield per unit area. Little thought was put about serious damage done to our natural environments, water resources, and human health as a result of detrimental factors such as uncontrolled use of herbicides-pesticides-nutrients, drastic groundwater mining, and salinization of fertile soils due to over irrigation. Currently, there is talk of a “second green revolution” or even an “ever green revolution”, but clear ideas on what these terms actually mean are still debated and are evolving. One of the biggest issues that are not given adequate focus is the use of large quantities of water for food production. Indeed, an overwhelming proportion (60-90%) of all human water use in India goes for producing their food (Falkenmark, M., & Rockström, 2006). But such intensive water use for food production is no longer tenable due to increasing pressure for water use alternatives such as increasing urbanization, industrialization, environmental flows, bio-fuels, and recreation. This has brought into sharp focus the need to grow more food per drop of water leading to a “blue revolution”

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2015 - Spatial patterns of atmospheric deposition of nitrogen and sulfur using ion-exchange resin collectors in Rocky Mountain National Park, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-08T15:10:40","indexId":"70126599","displayToPublicDate":"2015-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":924,"text":"Atmospheric Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial patterns of atmospheric deposition of nitrogen and sulfur using ion-exchange resin collectors in Rocky Mountain National Park, USA","docAbstract":"

Lakes and streams in Class 1 wilderness areas in the western United States (U.S.) are at risk from atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S), and protection of these resources is mandated under the Federal Clean Air Act and amendments. Assessment of critical loads, which are the maximum exposure to pollution an area can receive without adverse effects on sensitive ecosystems, requires accurate deposition estimates. However, deposition is difficult and expensive to measure in high-elevation wilderness, and spatial patterns in N and S deposition in these areas remain poorly quantified. In this study, ion-exchange resin (IER) collectors were used to measure dissolved inorganic N (DIN) and S deposition during June 2006–September 2007 at approximately 20 alpine/subalpine sites spanning the Continental Divide in Rocky Mountain National Park. Results indicated good agreement between deposition estimated from IER collectors and commonly used wet + dry methods during summer, but poor agreement during winter. Snowpack sampling was found to be a more accurate way of quantifying DIN and S deposition during winter. Summer DIN deposition was significantly greater on the east side of the park than on the west side (25–50%; p ≤ 0.03), consistent with transport of pollutants to the park from urban and agricultural areas to the east. Sources of atmospheric nitrate (NO3−) were examined using N isotopes. The average δ15N of NO3− from IER collectors was 3.5‰ higher during winter than during summer (p < 0.001), indicating a seasonal shift in the relative importance of regional NOxsources, such as coal combustion and vehicular sources of atmospheric NO3−. There were no significant differences in δ15N of NO3− between east and west sides of the park during summer or winter (p = 0.83), indicating that the two areas may have similar sources of atmospheric NO3−. Results from this study indicate that a combination of IER collectors and snowpack sampling can be used to characterize spatial variability in DIN and S deposition in high-elevation wilderness areas. These data can improve our ability to model critical loads by filling gaps in geographic coverage of deposition monitoring/modeling programs and thus may enable policy makers to better protect sensitive natural resources in Class 1 Wilderness areas.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.11.027","usgsCitation":"Clow, D.W., Roop, H., Nanus, L., Fenn, M., and Sexstone, G.A., 2015, Spatial patterns of atmospheric deposition of nitrogen and sulfur using ion-exchange resin collectors in Rocky Mountain National Park, USA: Atmospheric Environment, v. 101, p. 149-157, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.11.027.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"157","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059891","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":472435,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.11.027","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324950,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountain National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.90545654296875,\n 40.12429084831405\n ],\n [\n -105.90545654296875,\n 40.561807971278185\n ],\n [\n -105.4522705078125,\n 40.561807971278185\n ],\n [\n -105.4522705078125,\n 40.12429084831405\n ],\n [\n -105.90545654296875,\n 40.12429084831405\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"101","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5780cebfe4b08116168223c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clow, David W. 0000-0001-6183-4824 dwclow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-4824","contributorId":1671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clow","given":"David","email":"dwclow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":519579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roop, Heidi","contributorId":64581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roop","given":"Heidi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nanus, Leora","contributorId":27930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nanus","given":"Leora","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519580,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fenn, Mark","contributorId":119427,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fenn","given":"Mark","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":519582,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sexstone, Graham A. 0000-0001-8913-0546 sexstone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8913-0546","contributorId":5159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sexstone","given":"Graham","email":"sexstone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70112434,"text":"70112434 - 2015 - Sea lamprey mark type, wounding rate, and parasite-host preference and abundance relationships for lake trout and other species in Lake Ontario","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-25T13:30:47.140171","indexId":"70112434","displayToPublicDate":"2014-12-31T16:30:00","publicationYear":"2015","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Sea lamprey mark type, wounding rate, and parasite-host preference and abundance relationships for lake trout and other species in Lake Ontario","docAbstract":"

We examined how the frequency of attacks by Sea Lamprey on fishes in Lake Ontario varied in response to Sea Lamprey abundance and preferred host abundance (Lake Trout >432mm). For this analysis we assembled seven data sets. Two fishery independent surveys for Lake Trout: US Geological Survey (USGS)/New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) south shore September gillnet assessment of adult Lake Trout (USGS/NYSDEC SGNS)(Lantry and Lantry 2011); and Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR) monthly June-November community index gillnetting in northeastern Lake Ontario (OMNR CIS) (Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources 2011). One angler survey: NYSDEC April-September Fishing Boat Survey data collected along the south shore for Chinook and Coho salmon, and Rainbow and Brown trout (NYSDEC FBS) (Lantry and Eckert 2012). Two spawning run datasets: OMNR north shore data including spring spawning runs of Rainbow Trout in the Ganaraska River and electroshocking data for fall spawning runs of Chinook and Coho salmon in the Credit River (Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources 2011); and NYSDEC data from the Salmon River on the southeastern shore including October spawning runs of Chinook and Coho salmon. One Sea Lamprey spawning survey: Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO)/US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) data for spawning-phase Sea Lamprey abundance collected from known spawning streams distributed throughout the Lake Ontario drainage basin (Mullet et al. 2003). One assessment of the abundance of dead Lake Trout: USGS/NYSDEC October-November bottom trawl collection of Lake Trout carcasses (Schneider et al. 1996).

Annual patterns in A1, A2 and A3 wound stages did not track well in plots of wounding rates for the USGS/NYSDEC SGNS and correlations between A1 and later stages did not exist. A1 rates were not correlated to either Lake Trout abundance or Sea Lamprey numbers when considered alone, but were strongly correlated to the ratio between Sea Lamprey numbers and Lake Trout abundance (parasite/host ratio). While A2 and A3 rates were correlated to each other, neither was consistently correlated to any of the Lake Trout abundance or Sea Lamprey abundance parameters and sums of A1 to A3 rates did not improve correlations over those for A1 rates considered alone. Our analysis of the strain-specific susceptibility of Lake Trout to attack by Sea Lampreys extended the previous Schneider et al. (1996) analysis of three strains (SUP, CWL, and SEN) and 11 years of data 1982-1992 to an analysis of seven strains (SUP, CWL, SEN, JEN, LEW, ONT, and OXS) and two groups of unmarked fish (1983-1995 and 1996-2010) and included 18 more years of data through 2010. The susceptibility to attack for CWLs and SENs were below SUPs and nearly identical to the earlier values, new values for LEWs were greater than SUPS and values of unmarked Lake Trout prior to 1996 were unexpectedly greater than SUPs. By reexamining the Schneider et al. (1996) regression relationship between A1 wounding on Lake Trout and the incidence of Lake Trout carcasses recovered in fall bottom trawls (including three additional years of data), and substituting A1 wounding rate for total numbers of A1s observed which was used as the independent variable in the previous version, we were able to increase the variance explained by the relationship from an r2 of 0.60 to 0.88. Healing rate of wounds was explored by examining the monthly incidence of A1 and A2 wounds on Lake Trout from the OMNR CIS. Because wounding intensity varied between years and monthly sample size was frequently low, the ratio of A2 to A1s wounds was used to index how wounds accumulated or disappeared from the Lake Trout populations across seasons. The A2/A1 ratio decreased between June/July and October. A simple wounding model for Lake Trout was constructed to simulate the pattern of ratios by inflicting wounds on the population each month according to a predetermined distribution and including parameters for lethality (fixed distribution) and healing rate of A1 and A2 wounds (discretely varied between simulations). The best simulated representation (ratio size and monthly pattern) of the OMNR CIS data came from an A1 healing rate of 0.5 months and an A2 rate of 2 months. To examine whether alternate hosts provided reliable data to index damage caused by Sea Lampreys we compared September values of abundance and A1 wounding rates on Lake Trout, Sea Lamprey abundance, and the parasite/host ratio with NYSDEC Creel data for observations of Sea lampreys attached to sport-caught salmonids and to wounding observations for salmonids sampled in OMNR and NYSDEC spawning run assessments. Attachment frequency on NYSDEC Creel Chinook Salmon, Brown Trout, and Rainbow Trout were strongly correlated to all measures of Lake Trout abundance and wounding and to the parasite/host ratio. Chinook Salmon and Coho Salmon wounding observations for the NYSDEC Salmon River spawning run assessments and Rainbow Trout from the OMNR Ganaraska River spawning run assessment were strongly correlated to wounding measures for nearly all salmonids and to the parasite/host ratio.

","language":"English","publisher":"International Association for Great Lakes Research","publisherLocation":"Toronto","usgsCitation":"Lantry, B.F., Adams, J., Christie, G., Schaner, T., Bowlby, J., Keir, M., Lantry, J., Sullivan, P., Bishop, D., Treska, T., and Morrison, B., 2015, Sea lamprey mark type, wounding rate, and parasite-host preference and abundance relationships for lake trout and other species in Lake Ontario.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-043637","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":312940,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":378722,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.glfc.org/pubs/pdfs/research/reports/Lantry_2014.html"}],"country":"Canada, United States","otherGeospatial":"Lake Ontario","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": 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We have developed a method to identify and quantify recharge episodes, along with their associated infiltration-related inputs, by a consistent, systematic procedure. Our algorithm partitions a time series of water levels into discrete recharge episodes and intervals of no episodic recharge. It correlates each recharge episode with a specific interval of rainfall, so storm characteristics such as intensity and duration can be associated with the amount of recharge that results. To be useful in humid climates, the algorithm evaluates the separability of events, so that those whose recharge cannot be associated with a single storm can be appropriately lumped together. Elements of this method that are subject to subjectivity in the application of hydrologic judgment are values of lag time, fluctuation tolerance, and master recession parameters. Because these are determined once for a given site, they do not contribute subjective influences affecting episode-to-episode comparisons. By centralizing the elements requiring scientific judgment, our method facilitates such comparisons by keeping the most subjective elements openly apparent, making it easy to maintain consistency. If applied to a period of data long enough to include recharge episodes with broadly diverse characteristics, the method has value for predicting how climatic alterations in the distribution of storm intensities and seasonal duration may affect recharge.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc.","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12177","usgsCitation":"Nimmo, J.R., Horowittz, C., and Mitchell, L., 2015, Discrete-storm water-table fluctuation method to estimate episodic recharge.: Groundwater, v. 53, no. 2, p. 282-292, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12177.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"282","endPage":"292","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-046105","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297223,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-03-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2a6ce4b08de9379b3050","chorus":{"doi":"10.1111/gwat.12177","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12177","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Nimmo John R., Horowitz Charles, Mitchell Lara","journalName":"Groundwater","publicationDate":"3/3/2014","auditedOn":"3/4/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nimmo, John R. 0000-0001-8191-1727 jrnimmo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-1727","contributorId":757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nimmo","given":"John","email":"jrnimmo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":538091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horowittz, Charles","contributorId":138611,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Horowittz","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12465,"text":"University of Pittsburgh","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mitchell, Lara","contributorId":138612,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Lara","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12466,"text":"Fish and Wildlife","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":538092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}